HYDRO-CYCLONE / SAND SEPARATORS

1. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
The hydro-cyclone separator is a simple device, easy to operate and maintain. It has
no moving parts or screens.
The hydro-cyclone separates sand and other solid matter with a very little head loss
at 90% efficiency and may reach a higher rate of efficiency. There is no head loss
build up and no clogging by the solids that are being separated.
Its versatility in system configuration and its economy in installation are some of its
great advantages.
For best results, the hydro-cyclone must be maintained according to the following
instructions:

Check that the actual flow-rate through the hydro-cyclone, is within the
recommended rate.
Inadequate flow-rate will result in reduced performance.
If the pressure is not controlled effectively and might rise above 8
bar (120 psi) a
pressure relief valve must be installed before the filtering installation.
 2. OPERATION
2.1 General

Maximal operational pressure should not exceed 8 bar (120 psi).

The hydro-cyclone is designed to withstand a maximum pressure of 10 bar
(150 psi).
Normal working conditions are achieved when head-loss on the hydro-
cyclone is not
less than 0.2 bar (3 psi).
Recommended head loss: 0.2 0.5 bar (3 8 psi).
A head-loss of more than 0.5 bar (8 psi) might induce increased erosion.
A head-loss of less than 0.2 bar (3 psi) will reduce the separation
efficiency.
As a rule, the separation improves as the hydro-cyclone diameter
decreases and the
pressure loss increases.

Warning: Do not tighten or open the cover during operation or under

pressure.

2.2 Recommended Flow-Rates

Inlet / Outlet Standard Underflow

Recommended Flow-Rate
Diameters Chamber
Models
inch mm m3/h U.S. gpm liters U.S. gallons
50307 20 2 - 3.5 8.8 - 15 2 0.5
50410 1 25 3.5 - 7.5 15 - 33 2 0.5
50615 11/2 40 7.5 - 12 33 - 53 5 1.3
50820 2 50 11 - 17 48 - 75 5* 1.3*
50830 3 80 18 - 34 79 - 150 5* 1.3*
51243 4 / 3 100/80 35 - 52 154 - 229 60 16
51640 4 100 52 - 82 229 - 361 120 32
52060 6 150 98 - 160 431 - 704 220 58
52460 6 150 140 - 230 616 - 1020 220 58
53080 8 200 230 - 360 1012 - 1584 300 79
*Option 10 liters (2.6 U.S. gallons).

NOTE: The size of the Hydro-cyclone Separator must suit the actual flow-rate in the pipe. A
larger or smaller separator would not maintain the required speed of circulation, and the
quality of separation would be affected.

2.3 UNDERFLOW CHAMBER WITH MANUAL FLUSHING

When a manual valve is installed, drain the underflow chamber at periodic
intervals
according to the recommendations.
The underflow chamber should be drained when it reaches about its 1/3 full.
 Do not let the underflow chamber fill-up more than of its volume.

2.4 If The Hydro Cyclone Is Equipped With Automatic Flushing System

Adjust The Controller As Follows:

a) Flushing time for underflow chambers 5 60 liters: 15 20
seconds.
b) Flushing time for underflow chambers 120 300 liters: 30 50
seconds.
c) Time between flushes: 30 120 minutes.

If the water contains a high load of dirt, shorten the time between the flushes.

3.
ILLUSTRATED PARTS BREAKDOWN

No Description
1
Handle
Tightening
2
Bracket
3 Cover
Neoprene
4
Cover gasket
Male plug or drain
5
valve
Underflow
6
Chamber body
9 Rubber insert
10 Steel insert
Male Plug or
11 pressure check
points
Hydro- cyclone
12
Body
 4. MAINTENANCE

4.1 Note : Each hydro-cyclone is supplied with instructions for maintenance,

installation and operation.

4.2 Monthly Maintenance

Periodic cleaning of the Underflow Chamber should be performed once

a month.
Close the hydro-cyclones inlet valve.
Open drain valve (5) to release pressure and drain the underflow
chamber.
Release the handle (1) the tightening bracket (2) and remove the cover
(3).
Remove all the sediments collected in the underflow chamber.
Rinse thoroughly the inside of the empty underflow chamber.
Check that the insert is not damaged, replace if necessary.
Place the cover (3) of the underflow chamber, so that the covers gasket
(4) fits over it.
Mount properly the tightening bracket (2) and the handle (1).

4.3 Seasonally Maintenance

Apply a layer of grease to the handles (1) thread, once a year.
Any damage to the protective coating must be repaired without delay.
Prior to the
application of the protective paint, clean thoroughly the damaged area with a
wire brush.
4.4 Winterizing
In regions where temperature during winter ( but not at irrigation season ) drops
below 40C,and freezing hazard exist, please act according to : Winterizing
instructions in chapter Winterizing guidelines attached.
6. Trouble Shooting for Hydro cyclone

Problem Reason Check Solution

Low outlet 1)Inlet pressure too low Inlet pressure
pressure a)Pump outlet pressure a)Change
system
b)Primary filters function conditions to
achieve higher
c)Operation according to pressure
design b)Improve
primary filtration
see Auto
Filters
troubleshooting
c)Operate
according to
designed
"scheme of
operations"
2)Filter is blocked (relevant Differential pressure Open the filter
to separators with filter and clean the
screen inside) due to: media *
a)It was not cleaned for a
long time a)If screen is dirty
b)Water quality changed a)Take steps to
b)Intake condition & water avoid such
quality negletion in
future
c)Malfunction of primary b)Improve
filters if exist intake
c)Proper function of conditions, see
d)Leaks / cracks in main primary filtration Auto Filters
pipes upstream troubleshooting,
d)Check visually for wet must check
spots upstream to filter
separator compatibility *
c)Improve
primary filtration
-see Auto
Filters
troubleshooting
d)Repair and
flush damaged
pipes
3)Too high flow rate at Flow in water meter
separator a)Emitter pressure / flow a)Adjust
rate pressure, see
b)Operation according to Emitters
design troubleshooting
c)Leaks / cracks in b)Operate
submain pipes according to
design

c)Repair and
flush damaged
 pipes

Control filter 4)Too low flow rate at Flow in water meter

downstream to separator a)Emitter pressure / flow a)Adjust
the separator -inefficient separation rate pressure, see
blocked or b)Operation according to Emitters
poor water design troubleshooting
quality b)If "as made"
downstream c)The pump works with a different from
"soft start" panel design
Consult system
designer
c)This is a
normal
condition for
short time when
the flow rate is
low at the
beginning of
pumping
5)Underflow chamber was Underflow size vs. water Confirm the
not flushed and overflow quality size of the
underflow
chamber
Increase drain /
flushing time
and decrease
drain interval
Leaks from 6)Damaged parts Find the origin of leak Replace the
filter parts part if
necessary *
Tighten the
bolts if
necessary
7)Damaged sealing Find the origin of leak Disassemble
the leaking item
clean it
Replace the
sealing if
necessary *

*Reference in catalog

=> You must know the correct flow rate and pressure in each shift <=

#93438