CIVL 572 Advanced Foundation Design

Group Project 2004

Case Analysis on Deep Foundation-

Driven Pile for School Improvement Programme
Final Phase (Package 4) (S269)
Confucian Ho Kwok Pui Chun College

Group Member: Fok Chi Hong (03807071)

Luk Nga Yee (03870420)
Lai Sai Chung (03870418)
Organization of Presentation
1. Projection Description
2. Pile Description
3. Site Boundary and Foundation Layout
4. Geology and Site Investigation
5. Construction Methods of H-pile
6. Construction Effect and Problem
7. Dynamic Analysis on Pile Capacity
8. Static Analysis on Pile Capacity
9. Single Pile Settlement
10. Pile Cap Settlement under Working Load
 Project Description
School Improvement
Programme (S.I.P.)
Confucian Ho Kwok Pui
Chun College in Tai Po,
carried out in 2002 to
2003
Steel H-pile is driven into
the soil to serve a deep
foundation
33 steel H-piles
305 x 305 x 180 kg/m and
305 x 305 x 223 kg/m in
Grade 55C
objectives of the project:
capacity of pile,
settlement of cap and
group of pile
numerical method in
computer software
 Advantages of Steel H-pile
do not cause large soil
displacements
materials inspected
before installation
can be welded
conveniently
installation process
would not affect by the
groundwater condition
will not have a soil
disposal problem
 Disadvantages of Steel H-pile
tendency to bend on the weak axis during driving
collision section may be damaged
founding soil cannot be inspected to confirm the
ground conditions
Noise
vibration settlement of surrounding structures
and the underground utilities
Excessive pore water pressure develop resulting in
negative skin friction reduce the pile load
capacity
Foundation Layout
 Construction Methods of H-pile
Setting Out
1. The ground for piling work shall be reasonably level and firm which
are safe and suitable for the operation of piling machines.
2. Set out the locations and orientation of piles by means of survey
equipment and mark the locations on the ground with spikes and
pegs in accordance to construction drawings.

Installation of Steel H-piles with Piling Machine

1. Drive base section of H-pile to required depth.
2. Prepare second section of H-pile to be welded to base section
3. The second section is then hoisted into position by rig-crane and
held in true alignment
4. All slage buildup on the backside of the root pass is removed with a
wire brush and a chipping chisel and the area welded again to
complete the joint.
5. H pile is then driven to final set as per calculations.
Potential Problems during Pile Installation
and Corresponding Measures
buckling, crumbling, twisting, distortion and
longitudinal cracking of steel
Tensile stresses are caused by reflection of
the compressive waves at the free end
Obstructions in the ground
Pile whipping and vertically i.e. out-of-
plumb during driving, causing bending and
possible cracking
False set phenomenon
 Potentially Damaging Effects of
Construction and Corresponding Measures
Ground movements
Noise
Vibration
measures which may be considered to reduce piling
vibration include:-
(a) control of member of piles being driven at any one time;
(b) Pre-boring;
(c) Change of piling system;
(d) active isolation screening by means of a wave barrier
such as trench and air cushion near the energy source
(e) passive isolation screening by means of a wave barrier
near the affected structures.
 Dynamic Analysis on Pile Capacity
Hileys Formula adopted
e f WH W + n 2W p C
S =
R W + Wp

2
16T hydraulic hammer (without follower)
Ultimate strength of pile = 2x2950 = 5900 kN
Mechanical efficiency of hammer = ef = 0.9
Hammer weight =W = 156.91 kN
Drop head (305x305x180 kg/m) =H = 1.2 m
Drop head (305x305x223 kg/m) =H = 1.2 m
Elastic compression of helmet and cushion = Cc = 5 mm
Ram weight = 16 kN
 Static Analysis on Pile Capacity
Shaft resistance
method is adopted

fs = K z ' tan

End Bearing resistance

Fe = Base _ area qb

qb = N q v
 Static Analysis on Pile Capacity

6.0 m Fill
dry = 15 kN/m 3 wet = 17 kN/m 3
= 30 C = 0MPa
G.W.L

21.6 m

25.0 m CDV dry = 17 kN/m 3 wet = 19 kN/m 3

= 36 C = 0MPa
 Static Analysis on Pile Capacity
Shaft resistance = 1889 kN
End Bearing resistance = 4600 kN
Total resistance = 6489 kN

Ultimate pile capacity = 2(2950)

= 5900 < 6489 OK
 Single Pile Settlement
Load- settlemnt for pile HP18
Pile settlement from 7000

load test 6000 5900kN

5000
BDs criteria:
Residual settlement
L o a d (k N )
4000
Load
=D/120 + 4 = 7.8mm Test
3000 BD's
criteria
Total settlement 2000
=PL/EA + D/120 +4
= 41.2mm 1000
26mm 41.2mm
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Settlement(mm)
 Single Pile Settlement
Pile settlement from FB Pier analysis
 Single Pile Settlement
Pile settlement from FB Pier analysis
Load Settlement Curve

7 Load settlement curve

18
16
6
14

5 12

Load (MN)
10
Load (MN)

4 8
6
3 Numerical 4 FB Pier result
analysis 2 BD's ultimate

2 BD's residual
0
Fieldloadtest 0 50 100 150 200 250
1 Settlement (mm)

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Settlement (mm)
 Single Pile Settlement
Pile and soil response under failure load
Vertical Translation along pile length
0
53 54 55 56 57 58 59
-5

-10
D epth (m )

-15

-20

-25

-30
Settlement (mm)
 Pile Group Settlement
FB Pier analysis
 Pile Group Settlement
Response under working load: Dead load
Cap settlement = 5.9 mm

Response under working load: Dead + Live load

Cap settlement = 7.8 mm
 Pile Group Settlement
Little effect to Group efficiency
Spacing of pile
HP17 to HP18 = 1415mm
HP17 or HP18 to HP19 = 1400mm >3d (d=457.1mm)