Chapter 3

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Table 4.1 Chemical Water Quality Parameter Data Hardness (Wednesday Class)

Sampling Group Trial Total Hardness Permanent Hardness Non

Point Number Permanent
Hardness
mL mg mL mg mg
CaCO3 CaCO3 CaCO3
(Titrant) L (Titrant) L L

Orchids 1 1 9.5 87.9719 7 64.8214 23.1505

Street 2 9.6 88.8980 7.2 66.6734 22.2244
3 9.8 90.7500 7.6 70.3775 20.3724
Average 9.6333 89.2063 7.2667 67.2911 21.9152
Asin Bridge 2 1 10.5 97.2321 12 111.1224 -13.8903
2 2 10.5 97.2321 11.5 106.4923 -9.2602
3 10.7 99.0841 9 83.3418 15.7423
Average 10.5667 97.8498 10.8333 100.3185 -2.4688
Asin Bridge 3 1 11.2 103.7142 7.7 71.3035 32.4107
1 2 11.1 102.7882 7.7 71.3035 31.4847
3 12.2 112.9744 8.3 76.8597 36.1148
Average 11.5 106.4923 7.7 71.3035 35.1888
Dacag 4 1 8.5 78.7117 9.5 87.9719 -9.2602
Bridge 2 8.6 79.6377 9.1 84.2678 -4.6301
3 8.6 79.6377 7.9 73.1556 6.4821
Average 8.6 79.6377 8.8333 81.7981 -2.1604
Cheska 5 1 3.7 34.2627 5.2 48.1530 -13.8903
Store 2 3.8 35.1888 6 55.5612 -20.3724
3 3.7 34.2627 6.4 59.2653 -25.0025
Average 3.7333 34.5711 5.8667 54.3268 -19.7557
Pacac 6 1 4.8 44.4490 5.8 53.7092 -9.2602
Bridge 2 4.8 44.4490 5.6 51.8571 -7.4082
Average 4.8 44.4490 5.7 52.7831 -8.3342
Table 4.2 Chemical Water Quality Parameter Data Hardness (Friday Class)

Sampling Group Trial Total Hardness Permanent Hardness Non

Point Number Permanent
Hardness
mL mg mL mg mg
CaCO3 CaCO3 CaCO3
(Titrant) L (Titrant) L L

Ayugad 1 1 5 46.301 2.8 25.9287 20.3724

Bridge 2 4.4 40.7449 1.9 17.5944 23.1505
3 4.7 43.5229 1.1 10.1862 33.3367
Average 4.7 43.5229 1.9338 17.9073 25.6156
Irisan 2 1 5.7 52.7831 2.8 25.9286 26.8546
Bridge 2 5.1 47.2270 2.2 20.3724 26.8546
3 4.8 44.4490 3.9 36.1148 8.33418
Average 5.2 48.1530 2.9667 27.4719 20.6811
Neverland 3 1 3.2 29.6326 3 27.7806 1.8520
Resort 2 3.15 29.1696 3 27.7806 1.3890
3 3.1 28.7066 3.1 28.7066 0
Average 3.15 29.1696 3.0333 28.0893 1.0804
Lasong 4 1 3.1 28.7066 0.6 5.5561 23.1505
Bridge 2 3 27.7806 1.7 15.7424 12.0383
3 3.2 29.6326 0.9 8.3342 21.2985
Average 3.1 28.7066 1.0667 9.8775 18.8291
After Tunnel 5 1 4.3 39.8189 2.8 25.9285 13.8903
1/ Palm 2 4.6 42.5969 3 27.7806 14.8163
Grove 3 4.5 41.6709 2.4 22.2244 19.4464
Average 4.48 41.4857 2.7333 25.3112 16.1745
Bucan 6 1 4.7 43.5229 1.9 17.5944 25.9285
Bridge 2 6.4 59.2652 1.7 15.7423 43.5229
3 4.8 44.4490 3.2 29.6326 14.8163
Average 5.3 49.0790 2.2667 20.9898 28.0892
Table 4.3 Chemical Water Quality Parameter Data Hardness (Saturday Class)

Sampling Group Trial Total Hardness Permanent Hardness Non

Point Number Permanent
Hardness
mL mg mL mg mg
CaCO3 CaCO3 CaCO3
(Titrant) L (Titrant) L L

After Tunnel 1 1 6.9 63.8954 9.6 88.8980 -25.0025

2 2 7.2 66.6734 9.8 90.7500 -24.0765
(Riverview) 3 6.7 62.0433 9.5 87.9719 -25.9286
Average 6.9333 64.2041 9.633 89.2066 -25.0025
Asin Hot 2 1 4.9 45.3750 5.3 49.0791 -3.7041
Spring 2 4.7 43.5230 5.1 47.2270 -3.7041
3 4.3 39.8189 5 46.3010 -6.4821
Average 4.6 42.5970 5.13 47.5048 -4.9079
Atad 3 1 7 64.8214 7.3 67.5995 -2.7781
Hanging 2 6.8 62.9694 7.1 65.7474 -2.7781
Bridge 3 6.8 62.9694 7.3 67.5995 -4.6301
Average 6.8667 63.5870 7.2333 66.9818 -3.3948
Lumicneng 4 1 9.6 88.8980 8.5 78.7117 10.1862
Creek/ 2 10.4 96.3061 7.4 68.5255 27.7806
Batuan 3 10 92.6020 7.9 73.1556 19.4464
Bridge Average 10 92.6020 7.93 73.4334 19.1686
Coplo 5 1 6.7 62.0433 8.1 75.0076 -12.9643
2 5.5 50.9311 8 74.0816 -23.1505
3 6.7 62.0433 7.8 72.2296 -10.1862
Average 6.3 58.3393 7.97 73.8038 -15.4645
Upstream 6 1 7.2 66.6734 7.9 73.1556 -6.4821
2 7 64.8214 8 74.0816 -9.2602
3 6.9 63.8954 8 74.0816 -10.1862
Average 7.0333 65.1301 7.9667 73.7732 -8.6432

Water Hardness Scale

 Milligrams Per Liter
(mg/L)or Parts Per Classification
Million (ppm)

less than 17.1 Soft

17.1 - 60 Slightly Hard

60 - 120 Moderately Hard

120 - 180 Hard

According to the water hardness scale water samples from Wednesday class their water
sample would fall under slightly hard (Cheska store and Pacac bridge) and moderately hard.
From Friday class all their water samples are slightly hard only. And from Saturday class are also
slightly hard and moderately hard. These water samples are very that hard water but it does not
mean that these are safe water because 17.1ppm CaCO3 is the safe level for water, it still have
mineral content that conducting a problem for example in pipes. Among data above Asin bridge
1 has the highest amount of dissolved minerals especially calcium and magnesium means does
not readily give a good lather with soap.

In terms of permanent hardness, water sample coming from Friday class has the lowest
value and from Wednesday class has the highest which means the mineral content of these water
is not possible to remove through boiling and hard to treat this kind of water. Data of
nonpermanent hardness in Friday class are all positive and the other two are both positive and
negative values and these nonpermanent mineral content are can softened by boiling, smaller
amounts of nonpermanent than total hardness and permanent hardness signifies that these water
samples are difficult to remove hardness.