TSM August-Sept Issue 4 Volume 12 LR

The voice of the storage terminal industry
AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 Volume 12 Issue No.4
OILTANKING RETURNS
TO INDONESIA
Oiltanking Karimun has been designed to serve the
growing demand for petroleum products in Asia
WORTH THE INVESTMENT RISK

The oil storage business continues to attract
infrastructure investment
INCLUDES CHEMICAL
STORAGE SUPPLEMENT
REGIONAL FOCUS: ASIA

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2 AUGUST/SEPTEMBER VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4

CONTENTS
Contents
News
TERMINAL NEWS
09 Europe
26
12 The Americas
15 Asia
17 Africa & Middle East
18 Incident report
32 Storage in Asia
20 Tank terminal update: Asia
26 Oiltanking returns to Indonesia
30 Storage equilibrium in Singapore
32 Logistical expertise to satisfy Asias demand
36 Asia: The global energy driver
36
Market analysis
22 The rise of petroleum storage in Asia
24 Future proofing tank storage operations
34 Tank storage worth the investment risk
AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4 01

CONTENTS
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CONTENTS
Contents
46 53
Speaker interviews
76 Insights from a selection of Tank Storage Asias
industry experts
Events
Technical features 84 Exploring the energy silk road
A preview of some of the exhibitors at this years
41 Technical news Tank Storage Asia in Singapore
46 Robotics and induction herald greener tank 97 Mixing business with networking
refurbishment
99 A meeting of minds on the Mediterranean
49 Navigating the spectrum of internal floating
roofs 100 Upcoming events
53 Investing in safe access and loading arms 101 Advertisers index
practice
84
55 Lowering storage tank emissions
59 All in one armour for secondary containment
63 LNG: The energy of tomorrow
67 Instilling industry-wide NDT best practice
71 Why jack a tank?
74 The importance of checking for corrosion under

insulation

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CONTRIBUTORS
Contributors The voice of the storage terminal industry AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 Volume 12 Issue No.4
OILTANKING RETURNS
TO INDONESIA
Oiltanking Karimun has been designed to serve the
AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016
growing demand for petroleum products in Asia
WORTH THE INVESTMENT RISK

The oil storage business continues to attract
infrastructure investment
Volume 12 Issue No.4
INCLUDES CHEMICAL
STORAGE SUPPLEMENT
REGIONAL FOCUS: ASIA
Front cover courtesy of Loadtec

Engineered Systems Ltd.
PUBLISHER ONLINE & CONTENT EDITOR

Margaret Dunn Jasmin McDermott
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e: margaret@tankstoragemag.com e: jasmin@tankstoragemag.com
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COMMENT
Worth the risk

T
he summer months are usually about tank storage that is so appealing to
quiet all round from a news investors.
perspective as people enjoy their This issue also focuses on the dynamic
holidays. This year however, Asia market which, with its growing pop-
the UKs decision to withdraw from the ulation and market growth that demands
European Union has thrown the country more energy, will remain a key storage
into uncertainty and left many ques- and logistical hub for years to come.
tioning what the future may hold from a Oiltanking has returned to Indonesia with
political, economical and social perspec- a facility to serve the growing demand for
tive. Nothing is certain at the moment petroleum products. We speak to Sjoerd
and as we go to print, Article 50 of the Boer, VP of Oiltanking Asia about how
Lisbon Treaty has yet to be triggered. It Oiltanking Karimun will operate in this
will takes many months, even years, for increasingly competitive environment. We
the country to develop and formalise new also speak to VTTI about its ATT Tanjung
economic, political and trade policies. Bin facility, which underwent an expansion
We will be keeping a very close eye as in August 2015, about how it is positioned
these developments emerge and what to absorb the growing demand for fuel
their impact could be on the tank storage oil in the region and also catch up with
industry. Stolthaven Singapore, who is enjoying a
But, despite these tumultuous times supply chain equilibrium on Jurong Island.
for the EU, the tank storage industry is You will find this magazine at nearly
built on long-term outlooks rather than every tank storage event globally this
short-term fluctuations. Over the years September. In addition to being the
oil markets shift from backwardation official publication at Tank Storage Asia in
to contango and the price of oil is also Singapore, this issue can also be found at
easily changeable. But tank storage is not European Bulk Liquid Storage in Tarragona,
just about oil. It encompasses chem- Spain, NISTM in Texas, Tank Storage
icals, gases as well as fertilisers and Association in Coventry, UK, EPCA in
pharmaceuticals. It is this flexibilty that Hungary and Global LNG Tech Summit in
makes them an attractive investment Barcelona, Spain!
for infrastructure funds, who have been The team will be at Tank Storage Asia
making bigger gains in the market and and NISTM so it will be good to catch up
the internal rate of returns for inves- with you at one of these events.
tors of liquid storage is impressive for We hope you enjoy the read.
those willing to take the risk. In this
issue, Rahul Saikia, investment banker
at Pricewaterhousecopper, provides a With best wishes,
compelling overview about what it is Jasmin
P.S Take a look at page 28 and 29 to read about the all new Tank Storage Awards,
launching at StocExpo Europe 2017!

COMMENT
Calibration Data Collection STARS View Data Analysis Reporting and Archive

TERMINAL NEWS l CONTENTS
Terminal news
All the latest terminal storage news from around the globe
09
BP to sell UK storage
terminals
13 15
LOOP commissions extra crude Vopak divests Japanese terminals
storage capacity
Europe asia
09 Dunkerque LNG facility starts up 15 Prostar buys stake in Chinas third largest storage terminal
Thames Oilport expands diesel tank storage Vopak divests Japanese terminals
BP to sell UK storage terminals
16 Benalec given green light for extra land for petroleum storage hub
10 Storage terminal developments help boost Russian oil output India continues to increase strategic petroleum reserve
Varo Energy to acquire ENVIEM fuel terminal Private investment in Chinas strategic oil reserves welcomed
China plans to grow strategic petroleum reserve storage
THE AMERICAS
12 Pin Oak executes contract for 2 million barrel tank storage capacity
Africa & middle east
Magellan and LBC to expand crude oil storage

17 New downstream company will be second largest in Nigeria
Saudi Aramco and SABIC launch study for crude oil and
chemicals complex
13 Strong product throughput boosts NuStar
LOOP commissions extra crude storage capacity
US Gulf Coast petrochemical complex considered
For the latest tank storage news visit www.tankstoragemag.com
08 AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4

TERMINAL NEWS l EUROPE
Dunkerque LNG facility starts up

The first LNG tanker at Dunkerque LNGs terminal jetty marks the start of the facilitys operations.
The Madrid Spirit delivered 130,000 m3 of LNG originating from a

liquefaction plant in Boony, Nigeria.
Following four-and-a-half years of construction, the last few
months involved several test runs of the installation without gas
including stress conditions tests, commissioning of utilities and
partially cooling with nitrogen down to -110C.
The tanker was moored and connected to the discharging arm
before the facility is gradually cooled to -163C. The LNG will
then pass through pipes to reach reservoir 3 and then all of the
terminals storage installations. Once cooled, the terminal storage
installations will send the gas out to the GRTgaz transmission
network, at a low rate initially to test each of the terminals units.
The terminal will be tested under normal usage conditions
during the summer. At the end of September it is expected that
it will be ready to enter into commercial operations and be made
available for EDF and Total.
Thames Oilport expands diesel

tank storage
The amount of diesel tank storage at Thames Oilport will be
expanded in early 2017.
The company announced that it will be bringing a further 56,000
m3 of capacity online in the first quarter of 2017 in addition to the
175,000 m3 which came on stream in April 2016 and the 64,000
m3 which was commissioned earlier in August.
Thames Oilport, the site of shuttered Coryton refinery, is being
developed in phases, beginning with diesel storage and then
moving onto storage and road loading for other product.
BP to sell UK storage terminals 100
95
BP plans to sell part of its stake in several UK storage terminals

75
and a pipeline system that supplies fuel to some major airports.
According to The Daily Telegraph the oil major also plans to

outsource its UK fuel transport operation to Hoyer as part of a 25
strategy to reduce costs on the back of lower oil prices.
The company is seeking buyers for its fuel storage terminals in 5
Belfast, Hamble and Northampton as well as its part ownership in
the Kingsbury terminal, a joint venture with Shell. 0
The United Kingdom Oil Pipeline connects Shells former Shell
Haven and Stanlow refiners and supplies more than half of the
fuel needs to Gatwick and Heathrow.
AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4 Tank Storage Quarter Page AugSept 09
22 July 2016 10:43:41
TERMINAL NEWS l EUROPE
Storage terminal developments

help boost Russian oil output
A series of oil and gas upstream and midstream projects promise to
sustain Russias record-breaking crude oil output.
In May, the Arctic Gate marine oil terminal was commissioned and
provides access for Russias Arctic-sourced crude to both European and
Asian markets.
Anna Belova, senior analyst covering oil and gas at GlobalData says
that the opening of the facility was timed to coincide with the com-
mencement of commercial oil production at the Novoportovskoye field.
Novoportovskoye is one of five major planned oil fields scheduled to
come online by the end of 2016 in Russia, and at their peak, they will
bring more than 500,000 barrels per day of crude.
Belova says: The five planned projects going into commercial produc-
tion in Russia this year illustrate intensified capital investment, and the
large numbers of pre-drilled wells at each project will allow several of
the fields to realise peak production as early as 2017.
As is the case with most planned projects in Russia, the investments
involved not only drilling campaigns and processing facilities, but also
SAFETY FIRST significant midstream components connect crude in the Caspian Sea,
Arctic North and East Siberia with domestic and international con-
sumers.
Construction on pipelines and export infrastructure for the five
Electric actuators for industrial valve planned projects saw rapid progress in the first half of 2016.
Commercialisation of these projects serves as evidence of the
automation
growth approach taken by Russian operators, rather than the freeze
Safe, robust, precise. advocated by other crude producers, adds Belova.
For decades, AUMA actuators have excelled

by their outstanding reliability throughout
many market segments. Their capability for
overall host system integration is of crucial
importance for safe and economical opera-
tion in process technology.
Varo Energy to acquire
ENVIEM fuel terminal
For highest safety requirements Varo Energy is set to acquire a 66,000 m3 fuel terminal
in Amsterdam from ENVIEM.
SIL 3 capability (1oo2)
Certification according to IEC 61508 The conditions of the agreement between the two companies sets out
that ENVIEM will continue to own and operate the waste management
Patented fail safe functionality terminal in the port of Amsterdam while Varo will acquire the fuel ter-
Available in fire-proof version minal located alongside.
Additionally, Varo will extend its supply to the full Gulf and TinQ retail
network, which is operated by ENVIEM in Belgium and the Netherlands.
Discover our solutions The acquisition will further strengthen Varos position as an integrated
for the logistics service provider to the downstream business across northwest
oil and gas industry Europe. The company says it is a valuable addition to further improve
the services Varo Energy offers to customer in the Dutch market.
www.auma.com
The Amsterdam terminal has been operational since 2012 and offers
loading, unloading and blending of different fuel grades for vessels,
barges and trucks.
The transaction closed on August 1.
anzeige_halbe_Seite_tsm.indd 1 22.01.2016 10:46:54

TERMINAL NEWS l THE AMERICAS
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Fenelon Storage Tanks offer customers a unique one-stop shop service for all new build tank projects and
repair/refurbishment requirements.
Expertise from our in-house Design Department and fully equipped workshop/fabrication facilities provide
support for our on-site construction teams.
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Finite Element Analysis reports using the latest

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Pin Oak executes contract Magellan and LBC to expand

for 2 million barrel tank crude oil storage
storage capacity LBC Tank Terminals and Magellan Midstream Partners plan to expand
storage and pipeline infrastructure in the Houston Gulf Coast area.
Pin Oak Holdings has embarked on an engineering,
procurement and construction contract to build more than Both companies have entered into a with 24-inch diameter pipelines. A one
two million barrels of tank storage capacity. letter of intent for Seabrook Logistics ship dock in addition to the recently con-
to expand its crude oil and condensate structed ship dock and two barge docks
Pin Oak is constructing tanks to meet its customer storage, marine capacity and pipeline is also planned.
contracts which initially include petroleum, gasoline infrastructure. Both ship docks will be able to handle
blendstock, ethanol, VGO and fuel oil. The terminal will be Seabrook Logistics plans to construct Aframax vessels.
able to add additional product types a new contracts are up to four million barrels, or 636,000 m3, Some of the additional storage and
executed. Pin Oak is capable of handling more than 10 of additional storage for a total of nearly pipeline assets could be operational by
million barrels of product. 795,000 m3 adjacent to LBCs existing the end of 2017.
Mike Reed, CEO of Pin Oak, says: Our tank designs terminal in Seabrook, Texas. Work is already underway to con-
will offer many service options to our customers and Additionally, plans are in place to struct more than 111,000 m3 of new
ensures that Pin Oak will maintain a strong competitive connect this storage to Magellans crude oil storage and a new 18-inch
advantage over its competitors. Houston crude oil distribution system diameter pipeline at Seabrook Logistics.
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Strong product throughput US Gulf Coast petrochemical

boosts NuStar complex considered
Strong refined product pipeline throughput volumes along with Sabic and Exxon Mobil are examining the potential
lower operating expenses contributed to better than expected of a jointly owned petrochemical complex on the US
results for NuStar. Gulf Coast.
The companys second quarter 2016 results surpassed its guidance expecta- The project would either be in Texas or Louisiana near to
tions. The company reported that its EBITDA from continuing operations were natural gas feedstock supply and if developed it would
$144.7 million. include a world-scale steam cracker and derivative units.
Brad Barron, president and CEO, says: Strong refined product pipeline Both companies are embarking on feasibility studies
throughput volumes, the benefit from 1.1 million barrels of storage leased at before making a final investment decision and say they
our Pine Point, Maryland facility, along with lower than expected operating will work with state and local officials to determine a
expenses, contributed to our better than expected second quarter results. suitable site that has adequate infrastructure access.
Whats more significant is that we were able to report these solid results Neil Chapman, president of ExxonMobil Chemical
despite throughput revenues only slightly above contract minimums on our Company says: We have the capability to design a
South Texas crude oil pipeline system. project with a unique set of attributes that would make it
competitive globally. That is vitally important as most of
the chemical demand growth in the next several decades
is anticipated to come from developing economies.
LOOP commissions extra crude

storage capacity
LOOP has commissioned three new above ground crude oil tanks at its
Clovelly Hub in Louisiana.
Meeting
Each tank can accommodate more than 355,000 barrels of crude oil and they
include electronic level controls, fire detection equipment, advanced security your
LNG needs
surveillance and around the clock operational monitoring.
The tanks were brought into service almost three months ahead of
schedule to meet market demands.
The entire project, which started in April 2017, is slated to be complete by
April 2017, and will comprise seven new tanks totalling 2.5 million barrels of
capacity.
The deepwater port complex was initially developed to facilitate the
imports of crude oil to the US, but it has since grown to be an essential
landing point for domestically produced energy.
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TERMINAL NEWS l ASIA
Prostar buys stake in Chinas third

largest storage terminal Your
Prostar Capital has acquired a 40% interest in Chinas third largest
independent oil storage terminal for more than $100 million solution
(88.7 million).
The terminal on Zhoushan Island in Zhejiang Province is owned by Tyloo
provider
Oil and Gas International Holdings Corporation.
The facility has nearly three million m3 of crude oil and refined product
for the
storage and is located in one of the largest oil refining and petrochem-
ical regions of China. It has direct access via pipeline to approximately
LNG market
20% of Chinas refining capacity.
Since it was commissioned in 2013, the terminal has had customers
including Chinese State Owned Enterprises and major global oil traders
and has been operating close to 100% capacity utilisation. Visit us at
Prostars managing partner Steve Bickerton says that with this acqui- Tank Storage Asia
sition, the company has total capacity in the Asia-Pacific region of more 27th & 28th September
than four million m3. Stand A6
He adds: The strategic location of this terminal in an industrial heart-
land along with Chinas growing domestic energy needs means there
will be continuing and rising demand for storage from a range of major
domestic and international customers. In addition, there is expansion
potential on spare land next to the terminal.
The investment is being made via a subsidiary of Global Terminal
Investments, which is Prostars storage terminal investment company.
Yu Min, chairman of Tyloo, says: I am very pleased to welcome
Prostar who we see as a long-term strategic partner bringing significant
international best-practice operating, marketing and financing expertise
in midstream energy infrastructure generally, and also specifically in the
storage terminal sector.
Vopak divests Japanese assist@emcowheaton.com
terminals www.emcowheaton.com
Vopaks 40% ownership in Nippon Vopak, which owns five Japanese

terminals, has been divested to Macquarie Asia Infrastructure Fund.
Nippon Vopak operates the five terminals with a combined operations

capacity of 203,200 m3. The divestment follows Vopaks business
review in July 2014, upon which it was agreed that the company would
divest 15 of its smaller terminals.
Macquarie Asia Infrastructure Fund is Macquaries first Asia-wide
infrastructure funds set up to meet the demand for roads, energy
@EmcoWheaton
plants and water treatment facilities. The fund has been used on pro- www.facebook.com/EmcoWheaton
jects including a petroleum storage terminal in Singapore as well as a
combined heat and power station in South Korea.
The agreed net cash proceeds amount to 26 million.
Vopak says in a statement that it will use the proceeds to further
strengthen Vopaks flexibility to execute its selective capital disciplined
growth strategy and to support its consistent dividend policy, while
maintaining a robust financial position.

TERMINAL NEWS l ASIA
Benalec given green light for extra Private investment in

land for petroleum storage hub Chinas strategic oil
Benalec Holdings has been granted permission to reclaim more than 2,000 reserves welcomed
acres of land, allowing for the construction of all three phases of the Tanjung Piai
Integrated Petroleum and Petrochemical hub. Chinas National Energy Administration says it
welcomes private investment in the construction of
strategic oil reserve storage facilities.
The hub and maritime industrial park also comprises oil storage terminals and
related marine facilities, which will be capable of accommodating vessels up to A set of draft rules on the NEAs website outline the
350,000 DWT. fact that the Chinese government will determine
The hub and park will have access to the Straits of Malacca and will be able to the size of strategic oil reserves based on actual oil
handle VLCCs, ULCCs and Vale Max Bulk Carriers. consumption and that approval to use the reserves
According to local media reports, Datuk Vincent Leaw Seng Hai, group must come from the state council.
managing director and CEO, says that the company has experienced a positive According to a survey by Reuters, China is
response from the market in terms of investment demand due to the lands expected to add 70-90 million barrels to its strategic
unique selling point. crude oil purchases in 2016. By mid-2015 China had
stockpiled about 190.5 million barrels under the SPR
programme, which equates to around one month of
crude oil imports. The goal is to stockpile reserves
India continues to increase strategic

worth 90 days of net imports.
The reserves include crude oil and oil products
including petroleum, diesel and jet fuel.
petroleum reserve
India is seeking to grow its strategic petroleum reserve on the back of the low oil
price, which has accelerated the construction and filling of the reserves.
The first phase of its SPR includes three facilities in southern India with a
China plans to grow

combined capacity of 39.1 million barrels of crude oil. The Visakhapatnam facility
began filling last summer while the Mangalore and Padur facilities are due to be
completed in last 2016. All three will provide an estimate of 13 days of net oil
import coverage.
According to the EIA, Indias government has unveiled plans to add another 91
strategic petroleum
million barrels of SPR capacity in a second phase by 2020.
It is looking to finance the second phase of its SPR partially through commercial reserve storage
agreements with foreign oil producers who can lease the storage. It is currently
negotiating with the UAEs ADNOC to lease 5.5 million barrels of the Mangalore Plans are in place to build 70 million m3 of
facility. storage for Chinas strategic petroleum reserve.
Kuwait Petroleum Corporation, Saudi Aramco and Shell have also expressed
interest in Indias storage facilities. Reuters reports that a state-run newspaper has
Demand for crude said that the storage project will take place in three
and petroleum products construction phases with a total capacity of 441 mil-
is expected to con- lion barrels, equivalent to 60 days of China current
tinue to grow, which imports.
increases the countrys The China Securities Journal reports that the gov-
oil import dependent. ernment plans to build 44.6 million m3 of strategic
In addition to growing petroleum reserve storage by 2020 according to a
consumption, filling draft government plan.
the remainder of the Storage that is being built over the next four years
countrys first phase would equal 38 days of Chinas current oil imports
of its SPR will further and adds to the countrys existing reserves in seven
increase demand. It still aboveground facilities and one underground facility.
relies on Middle Eastern The country, which is the worlds second largest
countries for more of its oil consumer, plans to build strategic reserves worth
crude oil imports. 90 days of net imports.

TERMINAL NEWS l AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST
New downstream company will Saudi Aramco and SABIC

be second largest in Nigeria launch study for crude oil and
A new Nigerian downstream company with 84,000 tonnes of storage
could create one of Africas largest downstream operations.
chemicals complex
OVH Energy has been created to hold interests in Oando Marketing Limited, Oando A feasibility study on the development of a crude oil-to-chemicals
Supply and Trading Limited, Apapa SPM Limited and Oando Trippmark Limited. complex in Saudi Arabia has been agreed between Saudi Aramco
Oando will have a 49% stake in the company while Vitol, Helio Investment Partners and Saudi Arabian Basic Industries Corporation.
and HV Investments will own 49%. The residual 2% will be owned by a local entity. The crude oil-to-chemicals process will involve innovative con-
OVHs assets include more than 350 service stations in Nigeria with supporting figurations with proven conversion technologies to create a fully
infrastructure including 84,000 tonnes of storage and a newly built inbound logistics integrated petrochemical complex to maximise chemical yield,
jetty as well as LPG filling and distribution, lubricants. It will be the second largest recycles by-products and diversifies the petrochemical feedstock
downstream fuels company in Nigeria with a market share of 12%. mix in Saudi Arabia.
Oando Group chief executive Wale Tinubu says: Despite global economic head- If the joint study reaches a positive conclusion, the agreement
winds, we have taken the proactive approach to establish a strategic partnership document contains key principles of cooperation that will form the
which will leverage Oandos sector dominance, considerable local knowledge and basis for the companies to establish a joint venture.
expertise; together with HVIs international, and technical capabilities. This partner- Saudi Aramco president and CEO Amin Nasser says: This
ship will reinvigorate Nigerias downstream sector and create one of Africas largest agreement reflects our vision to build on Saudi Arabias global
downstream operations. We are extremely confident in the success and potential leadership in crude oil production and commodities export by sub-
returns this alliance will deliver. stantially increasing the production of oil-base petrochemicals.
Ensuring safEty,
quality and ExcEllEncE
Tank maintenance and Protective coating

construction Engineering
Piping and civil and jacking
mechanical
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TERMINAL NEWS l INCIDENT REPORT
Incident report
A summary of the recent explosions, fires and leaks in the tank storage industry
14/6/2016 19/7/2016
Mountrail County, Europoort, Port of Rotterdam,

North Dakota, US the Netherlands
Hess Corporation Caldic Chemie
A failed transfer pump at a tank battery resulted A methanol storage tank exploded at Caldic Chemies facility
in the leak of 32,000 gallons of oil from a storage in Europoort. The incident occurred as methanol was being
facility owned by Hess Corporation. According unloaded from a ship to the storage tank. The tank was foamed
to the North Dakota Department of Mineral and its surrounding tanks cooled in accordance with security
Resources, the tanks overflowed after the pump procedures. It took less than an hour for the incident to be
failed. A state inspector monitored remediation brought under control. An investigation was launched.
efforts at the site.
12/8/16
24/6/2016
11/7/2016 Nederland, Texas Barranca district,
Greater Chaco Canyon,
Sunoco Logistics
Seven workers were injured following a fire Maranon, Peru
New Mexico, US at a construction project at Sunoco Logistics
crude oil terminal.
Petroperu
WPX Energy Jeffrey Shields, company spokesman, said A rupture in the Nor Peruano pipeline
four of the seven employees of a contractor spilled oil into the Amazon river. The
More than 30 oil storage tanks ignited were critically injured in the flash fire company said that it worked quickly to
following a large explosion at a fracking site involving a crude oil pipeline connection. fix the rupture and undertake cleanup
in New Mexico. The site contained six new The four were taken to burn centres in efforts to prevent the spilled oil from
oil wells and 30 temporary oil storage tanks. Houston, Galveston and Beaumont while the being absorbed into the ground. The
All 36 tanks ignited and burned for several other three were treated for minor injuries company did not say how much oil
days. The company said blaze was allowed and released. had spilled into the river, however
to burn itself out due to the intensity of the The US Occupational Safety and Health previous spills have exacerbated
heat, the number of oil tanks involved and to Administration launched an investigation tensions between local residents and
contain petroleum fluids on the site. into the fire. Petroperu.

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TANK TERMINAL UPDATE l ASIA
Tank terminal update: Asia

ATT Tanjung Bin Prostar Capital
Location: Johor, Malaysia Location: Zhoushan Island, Zhejiang Province, China
Products: Fuel oil Products: Crude oil, refined products
Capacity: 1.15 million m3 Capacity: Almost three million m3

Construction/ 262,000 m3 storage capacity has been added Investment: Investment: $100 million (88.7 million)
expansion/ to the VTTI facility in addition to a new jetty
acquisition: Construction/ Prostar has acquired a 40% interest in Chinas
expansion/ third largest independent oil storage terminal
Comment The facility originally opened in 2012 with an acquisition:
initial capacity of 893,000 m3
The terminal is owned by Tyloo Oil and Gas
International Holdings Corporation and has
Oiltanking Singapore, Jurong Port Comment:
pipeline access to 20% of Chinas refining
capacity
Location: Jurong Port, Singapore
Products: Clean petroleum products, chemicals

Oiltanking Karimun
Capacity: 430,000 m3
Construction/ The new terminal will have an initial capacity

Location: Karimun, Indonesia
expansion/ of 200,000 m3 with the potential to add Products: Clean petroleum products, fuel oil
acquisition: another 230,000 m3
It will be supported by jetties with a draft of
Comment: 16 meters and will support the storage needs Construction/ The joint venture between Oiltanking and
for Asias petrochemical industry hub expansion/ Gunvor Group will serve the growing demand
acquisition: for petroleum products
TonenGeneral Sekiyu K.K, Qube Holdings

The terminal has four deep-water berths,
Comment
including VLCC capacity
Location: Port Kembla, New South Wales, Australia
Products: Fuel products Macquarie Asia Infrastructure Fund

Investment: AUD150 million (98.7 million)
Location: Japan
Construction/ The new storage facility will have a potential
expansion/ capacity of 230,000 kilolitres and a fuel
acquisition: marketing and distribution business will be Investment: Net cash proceeds amount to 26 million
created
Construction/ Macquarie has acquired Vopkas 40%
Completion: Mid to late 2017 expansion/ ownership in Nippon Vopak, which owns five
acquisition: storage terminals
The project will enhance TonenGnerals
Comment: petroleum products supply chain in Australia The divestment follows Vopaks business
together with Qube Comment review in 2014 where the company agreed to
divest 15 of its smaller terminals
Pilipinas Shell Petroleum

Benalec Holdings
Location: Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines
Location: Johor, Malaysia
Products: Diesel, jet fuel
Products: Petroleum, petrochemicals
Construction/ The company has been granted permission to
Construction/ Construction/expansion/acquisition: The new expansion/ reclaim more than 2,000 acres of land for the
expansion/ terminal can accommodate petroleum imports acquisition: construction of all three phases of the Tanjung
acquisition: and work started on the facility in 2013 Piai Integrated Petroleum and Petrochemical
It is hoped that the new facility will help hub
Comment: reduce maritime risks and will boost activity at The hub will comprise oil storage terminals
the port Comment
and related marine facilities

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MARKET ANALYSIS l ASIAN STORAGE MARKET
THE RISE OF
PETROLEUM
STORAGE IN ASIA
I
n the last few years Asian oil markets have experienced significant as such, they are mostly interested in the main ports. It is also a much
changes (both from global and local factors). more reliable source of income than the freight market.
Firstly, we are seeing additional demand drivers as follows: Traders use storage to improve the performance of their logistics
Increasing production and use of biofuels chains and to give them an edge on their competitors for physical trading.
New lower sulphur grades of petroleum products National oil companies interests are to bring their product closer to
Closure of Australian oil refineries and their increasing reliance on the consumer and to help them lock in longer term supply contracts by
imports increasing their customers security of supply.
Concerns around security of supply, especially from Middle East Financial institutions, especially the pension funds, find the storage
supply. industrys stable and predictable returns attractive. This first came to
their attention during the 2008/9 economic downturn. They usually
These security of supply concerns have manifest themselves as: invest in an operating terminal rather than in greenfield projects.
A large increase of oil storage in Fujairah Engineering companies usually only take minority interest in new
Middle Eastern national oil companies looking at storage opportunities build tank storage, either to help kick start a project, or to assist them
in or near the storage and trading hubs in the Far East getting the engineering, procurement and construction contracts. It also
A dramatic increase in strategic storage. shows project commitment to the majority stakeholders.
At the same time, large integrated multinational oil companies have
STRATEGIC STORAGE recently been selling their storage assets and returning to their core
Most Asian countries do not have the 90 day strategic petroleum business, which brings new opportunities to the market.
reserves (SPR) mandated by IEA for their member countries, which is
also used as a guideline by other, non-member countries INCREASING VALUE
With the help of low crude oil prices, both China and India have The influx of new players and new money has increased the value of
increased their SPR significantly since 2015. storage assets. Tank storage companies have seen their assets double
China has been building its SPR since 2007 and is targeting a 90 days in value in the last 10-15 years from an average of six times EBITDA to
reserve by 2020, which equates to somewhere between 475 and 550 over 12 times.
million barrels. Its reserve building has slowed down recently as it is It seems to be the increased interest from the financial institutions
now mainly underground cavern storage. In 2015, China reportedly put that has driven the rise, due to their differing and generally shorter term
160 new 100,000 m3 tanks into operation in seven months. view on their investments.
China has recently announced it will allow private companies to build The construction of new storage terminals and expansions continues
and operate its SPR, presumably so the country can still meet its 2020 in Asia, albeit at a slightly slower pace. Fujairah is still expanding and the
target. Singapore straits is still a hotspot for new terminals and expansions,
India started its SPR in 2015, with a first phase of just over 39 million as evidenced by Oiltankings new terminal in Karimun as well as recent
barrels. This is targeted for completion by the end of 2016 and it will expansions at Vopak Pengerang, VTTI at Tanjung Bin and at Tankstore
provide India with an estimated 12-14 days of net oil imports. The Singapore.
second phase of over 90 million barrels is already planned to be com- With analysts saying that the Singapore straits area is expected
pleted by 2020 with more expected to follow. to remain the trading hub for the Far East, at least two new terminal
storage projects are currently being proposed for the area:
SUPPLY Benalec Holdings project at Tanjung Piai in Johor for a 600,000 m3
In the late nineties there were only a handful of interested parties in plus facility in the first phase for crude and petroleum products in
tank storage. Since then we have seen additional interest for invest- their own maritime park.
ment by such diverse groups as: Jurong Port in Singapore for 200,000 m3 of capacity in the first phase
Ship owners whose interest is the synergies with their vessels and for petroleum and petrochemicals

MARKET ANALYSIS l ASIAN STORAGE MARKET
THE CURRENT MARKET specification has been available on the Singapore market since the middle
The fuel oil market has historically been a strong one in Asia, and of 2015. However, the Maritime Port Authority (MPA) bunkering statistics
Singapore is still used as a sinkhole for excess fuel oil worldwide. show that very little is being sold and that ship owners are buying the
Recently, at least 1.5 million tons of Venezuelan fuel oil was reported to cheaper LSGO.
have arrived in Singapore between June and July. If IMO decides to implement the cap by 2020, the bunker fuel market
However, in addition to uncertain economies and fluctuating demand will change to a cleaner product and regional imbalances or changing
and supply, Asian traders also have to deal with unpredictable China. bunker patterns are possible.
While diesel demand and fuel oil is unlikely to decrease significantly
THE CHINESE INDEPENDENT REFINERIES in the Singapore straits given its distribution and bunkering role, the
Fuel oil demand in Asia was severely reduced nearly overnight in mid- petroleum and jet fuel market in Southeast Asia are likely to be the main
2015 when deregulation of the market in China allowed a number of drivers for additional storage demand in the future.
independent oil refineries to get import licenses for crude oil. Previously
they were mainly operating on imported fuel oil THE FUTURE MARKET
These independents account for around one third of the national refining In 2015, world oil production grew by 2.8 million b/d, led by increases in
capacity. The utilisation rates of these refineries was around 25-30% on the Middle East (+1.5 million b/d) and North America (+0.9 million b/d).
fuel oil, but are now reported to be running closer to 50% and growing. In the same year, world oil consumption increased by 1.9 million b/d. The
The effect has been exacerbated as many of the independents have Asia Pacific region accounted for nearly three quarters of that growth,
been upgraded and expanded and are enjoying local government support. according to BPs world energy statistical review.
They are no longer the small teapot refineries that they were nicknamed The oil world is becoming more disconnected and with OPEC no longer
in the past. having the ability to direct the pricing it is also less controlled. These
This has also affected the diesel oil market as the independents pre- factors are bringing fundamental changes to the world oil markets.
dominantly produce petroleum and diesel oil and the demand for diesel There is likely to be changes in product use for energy production in
in China is significantly less than petroleum. Chinas exports of diesel oil the future. However, clean petroleum products will remain the practical
have increased significantly from around 150,000 barrels a day in 2015 to fuel of choice for transportation for the foreseeable future anyway.
an expected 250,000 barrels a day in 2016 on to an already oversupplied We can therefore expect petroleum to continue to flow, but it is likely
and generally weak market. to be in differing product volumes and in some cases from different
directions. However everything points to storage demand remaining
THE BUNKER MARKET firm in Asia.
A change in the sulphur content for bunker oil that the IMO is reviewing
for implementation by either 2020 or 2025 has the potential to signifi- FOR MORE INFORMATION
cantly affect the bunker fuel market. This article was written by Mike Beviss, director special projects at
The low sulphur fuel oil (LSFO) that complies with the low sulphur Eastport Maritime. mb@eastportmar.com, +65 81810209
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MARKET ANALYSIS l API STANDARDS
FUTURE PROOFING TANK

STORAGE OPERATIONS
T
he US is in the midst of an energy renais- building new tanks, API RP 650 is by far the both companies and their contractors. Industry
sance. Advances in hydraulic fracturing most commonly used tank standard for storing standards, such as these, provide a viable solu-
technology have enabled the US to add crude oil, fuels, petrochemicals and other prod- tion to these issues by capturing the knowledge
more than 4.5 million barrels per day of produc- ucts everywhere in the world. in the documentation and enabling a consistent
tion, bringing total production up to more than Applying API RP 650 to oil tanks ensures training of the workforce through ebbs and
nine million barrels per day. the owners that unexpected quality, materials, flows of its business-related cycles.
This, coupled with global production, has construction and design problems do not creep One of the most important things that an
created an abundance of supply and resulted into their operations. There are many design, oil company can do is to ensure that their
in an increased need for storage. In response, manufacturing, and quality assurance consider- management systems remain in top shape.
companies are looking to increase their storage ations that are packed into the more than 500 Management systems include top manage-
efficiency, and one way to do this is to raise the pages of the API RP 650 standard; tank owners ment messages and directives to the workforce
maximum oil levels in tanks. To appropriately know that the best insurance policy is to use about the importance of safety, incident preven-
manage the risks with these operations, API this standard to evaluate their tanks. tion, and following the right practices.
standards and best industry practices have Another widely used API storage tank They include basic elements, such as written
been developed to assist tank owners and standard is API RP 653 which gives owners and procedures, a system of lessons learned, main-
operators. operators the ability to maintain the integrity of tenance and inspection, and other systematic
their storage tanks according to current industry components that keep a company running
BEST PRACTICE MEASURES best practices. API RP 2610 provides a laundry smoothly. The use of current best practices, as
One active measure which can improve tank list of standards related to tank facility design, framed by industry standards such as the API
capacity is to use floating roofs that take up less construction, inspection and operations that RPs, provides a documented procedure that,
depth and hence create unusable volume in the guide tank owners on best practices for storage when followed, ensure the implementation of a
tank. For example, some operators suspend facilities. Note that API RP 2610 is currently robust management system.
lightweight aluminum floating roofs with cables being revised and will be issued as the 3rd Company procedures should incorporate
to maximise useable bottom inventory. Another edition most likely within a year. good standards such as API RPs 650, 653,
method is to design the bottom for a drain dry One important standard that is critical in 2350, and 2610 to ensure that current minimum
operation where there is no heel. However, in assisting operators in preventing overfills is best practices are part of the daily company
this latter method, air regulations often dictate API RP 2350. The industry is actively getting practices and become part of its culture.
that some quantity of oil must remain in the up to speed with the latest (4th) edition of Although API standards are voluntary, they
bottom when floating roof tanks are used. this standard which incorporates risk, safety contain vital information for safe, reliable,
All of these methodologies and more are systems, and a host of other ideas to help tank and efficient operations and have weight and
addressed in existing American Petroleum owners reduce problems. The document, in influence as they have evolved for just about a
Institute (API) standards. These standards are its entirety, is designed to be a comprehen- century and have been vetted by time.
recognised throughout the world for their high sive roadmap of actions, that when properly Existing standards stay evergreen as they
quality and success in designing, building, followed, can significantly reduce the chances are reviewed regularly and new standards
constructing, repairing, operating, and inspecting of an overfill. are constantly being identified and developed.
petroleum storage facilities in operations ranging Regardless, the best information is being pro-
from upstream to downstream facilities. FUTURE PROOFING THE INDUSTRY vided as this work is being done by the experts
Additionally, the process itself, by which As industry looks to the future, there is great and best minds from the industry, public sector,
these standards are created, have an added concern that the inevitable loss of talent could academia, and others.
layer of rigor and credibility as it is accredited threaten efficient and safe operations. The use Keeping these standards as living practices
by the American National Standards Institute of contractors can additionally present chal- within a company will help to keep the work-
(ANSI). This ensures that the RPS are devel- lenges as companies often depend on these force tuned up to the many details needed to
oped with openness, balance, due process, and hired services to supply skilled and knowledge- operate these facilities safely and reliably.
consensus. able help.
Market demand can further exacerbate both FOR MORE INFORMATION
UNIVERSAL TANK STANDARDS of these issues by creating more growth and This article was written by Philip Myers,
Most oil companies throughout the world rely capacity that subsequently draws down on director at PEMY Consulting LLC,
on API standards for tank storage facilities. For the supply of a knowledgeable workforce for phil@pemyconsulting.com.

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PROFILE l OILTANKING KARIMUN
OILTANKING RETURNS TO
INDONESIA
Designed to serve the growing demand for petroleum products
in Asia, Oiltanking Karimun promises to be a key player in the
competition for efficient storage
S
trategically positioned in 01 The facility benefits from a constraining new terminal developments, the new terminal serves the
the Singapore Straits and strategic location outside the growing demand for petroleum products in Asia with 730,000 m3 of
Singapore Straits
perfectly placed to participate capacity.
in Platts trading environment, 02 A glut of ready-to-build The facility, a joint venture between Oiltanking and Gunvor Group,
Oiltanking Karimun is the manifes- land allows for further recently recieved 60,000 metric tonnes of petroleum and petroleum
expansion
tation of the companys continued components.
investment in the region to maintain 03 Vice president of Oiltanking An attractive proposition is the fact that the facility in Indonesia has
Asia Pacific Sjoerd Boer
its competitive advantage. a glut of ready-to-build land to allow for further expansion. The region
Sitting just outside Singapore, is still grappling with market imbalances including refinery closures in
where land scarcity is significantly Japan and Australia coupled with increasing demand.
01

PROFILE l OILTANKING KARIMUN
02
Since 2008 demand 03
dynamics have changed
considerably, for example
following much more
transparency in the trading
environment, says Boer.
Competition is now severe
between trading companies,
where it has increasingly
become about size, access
to systems or higher risk
appetite to retain the same,
or even lower, margins.
EFFICIENCY DEMAND
The flexibility and efficiency of
Oiltanking Karimun reflects the
growing transparency in the market which has driven shorter turnaround
CHANGING MARKET DYNAMICS
The company returns to Indonesia Since 2008 times and the ability to handle many sensitive products simultaneously.
The terminal can serve various markets and product segments
after selling a facility in Merak back
in 2014. demand ranging from clean petroleum products and fuel oil. This diversity also
allows it to adapt to the ever changing demand flows.
As the supply and demand interplay
starts to balance out in the region dynamics Boer explains: Demand has been healthy although we seem to be
slowly moving towards a market where supply seems to be in line with
following a period of healthy
demand, the storage environment have changed demand. Of course it also differs by product.
The fuel oil market for example, is a market which will decline over
has become far more competitive,
underlying the importance of con- considerably the next 10 years following the implementation of the new sulphur cap
regulations in 2020 or 2025. This could potentially impact the demand
tinual investment to maintain a slice
of this lucrative trading environment.
following for fuel oil storage in Singapore, currently the largest bunkering market
in the world.
In an interview with Tank Storage
Magazine, Sjoerd Boer, vice presi-
much more However, despite this healthy demand for storage, limited land
availability and a scarcity of waterfront access in Jurong Island has made
dent of Oiltanking Asia Pacific, says
that the companys continous sub-
transparency it difficult to grow further there. We have a lot of experience dealing
in Indonesia and Karimun is only 25 nautical miles from Singapore, so
stantial investments in the region
is now starting to bear fruit in this
in the trading when the opportunity crossed our path, we seized it.
Along with the rest of the world, the region has also benefited from
competitive environment.
He says: Demand has been
environment the low oil price and contango market however the effect on individual
terminals varies greatly and the impact is not lasting.
healthy over the last couple of Boer explains that Oiltanking has a diversified portfolio of customers
years and as a result a substantial in the Singapore Straits and all of them are in the industry for long-term
amount of capacity has been added. plays and thus are not always influenced so much by the fluctuating
With supply now coming more in market structures.
line with demand, dynamics are Our portfolio includes not only traders but IOCs, NOCs, chemical
changing as well. We see contract players and customers with long-term vested interests. Singapore is
tenures shortening and customers also a premium location for many good reasons and for pure short-term
are being more critical before contango play, customers will start searching for less favourable (and
entering into new agreements and cheaper) locations first.
are more demanding when it comes Also, apart from contango economics, for petroleum, blending
to the performance capability of the economics are just as important for our customers when it comes to
terminals. profitability.
There are a few players and
companies that operate in this
increasingly competitive environment
who are now, more than ever, critical
OILTANKING KARIMUN AT A GLANCE:
in their choice of logistics providers.
We have seen that other terminals The terminal is positioned within a free trade zone and has four deep-water berths, including
are finding it increasingly difficult to VLCC capability
compete for high profile customers
whose business determines the
It can store and handle the full range of clean petroleum products as well as fuel oil
market these days.
In addition to more exacting
requirements from some high-pro- It successfully received 60,000 metric tonnes of petroleum and petroleum components in June,
file customers, smaller customers marketing the commissioning of the facility
are slowly being pushed out of the
market by larger organisations, who
have more capital and thus can take It has a total storage capacity of 730,000 m3
on bigger risks.

29th
March
2017
The all new global Tank Storage Awards are designed to highlight those that excel
in a range of different categories relating to terminal achievements, equipment
innovations, ports and individual achievements.
Winners will be announced at the Gala Dinner & Awards Ceremony following Day 2
of StocExpo Europe 2017.
The highly anticipated evening will be hosted

by a well known comedian and will include
drinks upon arrival, three course dinner, casino,
live band, all inclusive drinks & a midnight
snack to help keep the celebrations going!
For the full list of judges and to submit your

JUDGES INCLUDE:
Roderick de Rooij, Commercial Manager,
Oiltanking Odfjell Terminals Oman
Walter E Wattenbergh, CEO, LBC Tank Terminals
Group
Martyn Lyons, CEO, InterTerminals
Ulf Vleeshouwers, Senior Adviser, InterTank
Marc De Witte, Executive Director, FETSA
John Cornell, Training Provider, API
SUBMIT YOUR NOMINATIONS NOW!

Categories include:
AWARD FOR SAFETY EXCELLENCE IN BULK LIQUID
STORAGE
BIGGEST COMMITMENT TO ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
MOST EFFICIENT STORAGE TERMINAL
MOST INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AWARD
MOST INVALUABLE PRODUCT AWARD
BEST TECHNOLOGY PROVIDER
BEST PORT AWARD
BEST NEWCOMER
INDIVIDUAL ACHIEVEMENT AWARD
PERSONALITY OF THE YEAR (Voted for by the industry)
nomination visit www.tankstoragemag.com/awards

PROFILE l STOLTHAVEN SINGAPORE
01
STORAGE
EQUILIBRIUM
IN SINGAPORE
As land scarcity on Jurong Island constrains oil storage
expansion, Stolthaven Singapores chemical facility is
enjoying a happy equilibrium in the logistics supply chain
S
tolthaven Singapore is nestled within be a short-term trend and that this will reverse just over a year. In addition, two truck loading
a supply chain equilibrium on Jurong itself as soon as regional and global economic bays were added.
Island where both storage and logistical conditions improve. This expansion came on the back of new
assets work at optimal utilisation rates. As storage capacity for oil products grows investments in manufacturing on Jurong Island
Following the completion of the storage ever tighter on Jurong Island, Stolthaven and in Singapore overall, which has driven
operators phase 2D project in July 2015, the Singapore is tapping into volumes of chemical increased demand for storage a secure and
company provides a crucial storage element and petrochemical cargo flooding into the sustainable medium for feedstock logistics.
that forms an integral part of the chemical and region.
petrochemical supply chain in Singapore. The operator recently completed its phase COMPETITIVE EDGE
Despite land scarcity creating a double 2D project, which involved the construction Storage in Singapore offers manufacturers in
edge sword situation, which has prompted of 50,000 m3 of capacity comprising a mix of regions like the Middle East an important edge
neighbouring countries to develop their own carbon and stainless steel tanks. Engineering, on their competitors by significantly reducing
independent storage facilities, these develop- procurement and construction was staggered their cargo delivery lead times with strategi-
ments are focused on the oil markets rather to accommodate the tight project schedule of cally leased storage.
than chemical storage.
On Jurong Island, Stolthaven Singapore has
positioned itself to capitalise on the fact that
major chemical producers are now seeking
to optimise their supply chain networks and
move their storage logistics to independent
operators in order to maximise their manufac-
turing capabilities.
In an interview with Tank Storage Magazine,
Stolthaven Singapores commercial man-
ager Vincent Low says that despite slowing
demand from industrial customers with
manufacturing plants, this trend should only be
temporary.
China and North East Asia are key markets
that drive demand in the region, he explains.
To some extent the South East Asian
markets make up the balance when looking
at demand of products versus storage on the
basis of the hub and distribution concept.
Enquiries from potential industrial cus-
tomers looking to set up plants in Jurong
02
Island have slowed lately but we expect this to

PROFILE l STOLTHAVEN SINGAPORE
LAND SCARCITY
As the oil storage situation in Singapore gets
tighter, neighbouring countries are embarking
on their own storage projects. Southern Johor
and Batam and Tanjung Uban in Indonesia will
see their projects come on stream in the next
three to five years.
On Jurong Island, the land scarcity issue
has manifested itself in greater demand for
independent chemical storage as manufac-
turers prefer to allocate the land they have to
manufacturing.
Low says: Manufacturers prefer to leave the
logistics of storage to storage companies. In
addition, outsourcing the storage helps relieve
congestion at their premises and gives them
flexibility of another location from which to
distribute their cargoes.
Uniquely, competition for storage in chem-
icals and petrochemicals is at a close equilib-
rium. Storage and logistics on Jurong Island
operates in a grid system to store and deliver
via pipeline, or through ISO containers and
marine facilities.
We work closely with customers to help
them optimise their supply chains, by lever-
STOLTHAVEN SINGAPORE AT A GLANCE: aging the synergies inherent in Stolt-Nielsens
integrated solutions for the transportation,
The facility boasts 81 tanks, of which 75 are chemical tanks with a total capacity of storage and distribution for chemicals and other
230,000 m3 bulk-liquid products, says Low.
Looking to the future, Stolthaven Singapore
It has six truck loading bays with two provisional bays for future operational use, and
three jetties with dedicated jetty pipelines from jetty to each storage tank still has the capability to expand to meet the
needs of their existing client base as well
Its Phase 2D expansion saw the addition of 50,000 m3 of capacity at the 15 hectare site as new ones through its intermodal supply
with a mix of carbon and stainless steel tanks solution.
As a unit of Stolt-Nielsen, we are part of a
Low says: Middle East manufacturers 01 The facility enjoys storage equilibrium global and integrated transportation, storage
within the grid-like logistics supply chain
producing intermediate or finished products are and distribution solution for chemicals and
looking to shorten their supply chains to their other bulk liquid products, Low says.
02 Stolthaven Singapore has the potential to
end receivers by taking up storage and re-deliv- expand further in this growing market The efficiencies and flexibility resulting from
ering their cargo on short notice to their buyers. that integrated network enable us to deliver
This is a competitive edge against sellers 03 The terminal benefits from the synergy significant synergies and cost savings for our
between Stolthaven terminal and Stolt Tank
who need long lead times to deliver their car- Containers
customers.
goes. For petrochemical and chemical cargoes,
the storage element is an important one and
integral to the supply chain.
Storage also provides an opportunity to con-
solidate larger parcels of cargo so that they can
be re-distributed in smaller packages, such as
ISO containers or on smaller regional tankers.
In addition, Stolthaven Singapore has three
jetties, enabling the terminal to efficiently
serve both Stolt Tankers global fleet of deep
sea tankers the worlds largest as well
as Stolts Asia Pacific fleet, which provides
customers with regional service. The terminal
is also served by Stolt Tank Containers, pro-
viding intermodal options to customers. These
synergies not only ensure continuity of quality,
safety and reliability across the supply chain,
but enable significant potential cost savings for
Stolt customers.
The operator also benefits from the close
proximity to one of the worlds busiest shipping
lanes as well as its location close to recievers
and manufacturers and the network of roads
03
and pipeline on the island.

PROFILE l VTTI ATB
LOGISTICAL EXPERTISE TO
SATISFY ASIAS DEMAND
VTTIs ATT Tanjung Bin has positioned itself to absorb the growing
demand for fuel oil in Asia following an expansion of its facility in 2015
A
TT Tanjung Bin capitalises meant that the trading of products extended beyond Singapores tradi-
on offering logistical assets tional boundaries.
for Asias biggest energy
product, fuel oil, as well as being part
Although there FOB Straits encompasses terminals beyond Singapores borders and
means that bids can be met from any approved terminal, whether in
of the worlds biggest market for
excess fuel.
is an oversupply Singapore or Malaysia, while similarly sellers could nominate any such
terminal for an FOB Straits offer.
Situated in the heart of the FOB
Straits, Asias most dynamic trading
of products, As a result, the previous two-tier market that operated in the region
has been dissolved and has left a more level playing field according to
hub, the facility has expanded its oper- the underlying ATBs general manager Aernout Boot.
ations further with an extra 260,000 He says: We used to be a Platts approved location but since July
m3 of capacity for fuel oil as well as demand is 2015 when the FOB Straits benchmark was launched anyone in the
constructing an additional berth. Singapore region is treated equally. It is now a much more level playing
In addition to handling greater still growing, field and as a result we see much more Platts deliveries from our
volumes of vessels as a direct conse- location.
quence of its expansion, the facility which means We are part of the Singapore market. As we are only ten nautical miles
is also reaping the benefits of being from Singapore we should be seen in the context of the Singapore trading
part of Platts changed FOB Straits oil a continued hub. We see a lot of traffic to and from our facility to the pelepas anchorage
price assessment last year. as well as to refineries and terminals located on Jurong Island.
requirement for The first phase of the terminal was commissioned in April 2012 with
PLATTS PRICING BENEFITS 893,000 m3 of capacity spread over 41 tanks and five berths with a draft
The new assessment came on the logistical assets of 17.5 meters. It can handle petrol, jet fuel, gasoil, fuel oil and biofuels.
back of further storage expansion in The operator has focused on expanding their fuel oil storage capabilities
nearby Johor and the Riau Islands as it remains the biggest market in Singapore thanks to the region being

PROFILE l VTTI ATB
01 Executives are now examining where they can further optimise their
market offering and add further value to their business.
However, Boot says that they will approach any future plans with caution.
We have a strong track record so it would be easy for us to expand
further, but there will need to be a market justification for it and it needs to
go hand in hand with additional jetty capacity.
CONSISTENT DEMAND
Despite the global petroleum products market being oversupplied, Boot
counters that whilst demand growth has slowed in some places, it has not
declined and that underlying physical demand will still grow.
The tankage market is quite balanced at the moment despite the fact
that there has been a lot of additional capacity over the last few years, Boot
says.
The market can absorb this and as such there are no empty tanks.
People are not being driven to build and lease tanks elsewhere outside of
the Straits hub.
Demand for petroleum products is the main driving force of our
business. The higher the underlying demand, the more need for logistical
facilities to handle all the arbitrage flows.
Demand for oil in Asia is expected to grow over the next 10 years,
which means there should be healthy demand for tanks. Although there is
an oversupply of products, the underlying demand is still growing, which
means a continued requirement for logistical assets.
The demand for products in India, Indonesia and China is still growing,
despite the slowdown in growth in China, and the Singapore hub will con-
tinue to cater to these demand centres.
02
ATT TANJUNG BIN AT A GLANCE:

the worlds largest bunkering hub. Asia 01 The expansion
is also known to be the biggest outlet for involved the addition The facilitys deep waters cater for regional distribution and offer
of 260,000 m3 of fuel oil
excess fuel in the market. capacity
shorter turnaround times as well as product blending at lower
Since the expansion the facility now operating costs compared with equivalent terminals in Singapore
handles approximately 130 vessels 02 It now handles around The phase two expansion has brought total capacity at the site to
per month, which is partly attributable 130 vessels per month
1.15 million m3 and includes six berths that can handle ships up to
since the expansion
to new customers as a result of the VLCC size
project.
03 The terminal is
The facility also benefits from favour- The terminal receives oil from Europe, Middle East, Russia, northern
part of Platts changed
able port tariffs as well as available land FOB Straits pricing Asia and India and redistributes across Asia and Australia
for potential growth. assessment
03

MARKET ANALYSIS l MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
TANK STORAGE WORTH

THE INVESTMENT RISK
T
he global bulk liquids storage and infrastructure industry sits in severe strains resulting from commodity price declines, which limits
the middle of a very active merger and acquisition market and their ability to raise capital beyond a level without capital releases from
there is no sign of this slowing, given underlying business drivers existing assets. These factors may lead traders to come to market to
and the intentions of key transaction players. monetise some of their logistics assets, especially if it can be done
Energy is vital to the economy but an investor is largely driven by through sale and leaseback arrangements where operational control can
upstream mining activities in oil and coal. However, these come with be retained post sale. Glencore coming to market is a case in point and
significant exploration and commodity price risks risks that financial more will follow.
investors are not willing to take.
Energy transportation infrastructure is one of the most attractive ATTRACTIVENESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTORS
areas for investors, who are looking to capitalise on the resilience of this For infrastructure funds, oil storage and port terminal assets offer an
sector without taking any risk on the underlying energy commodities, attractive business model incorporating infrastructure characteristics that
namely coal, oil and gas. investors prefer.
Liquid storage terminals play on the movement of the largest energy Storage businesses generate the bulk of their revenues from storage
commodity oil as well as other bulk liquid cargoes including chemi- fees derived from leasing space in tanks. These contracts vary in length
cals and bio fuels. The scale of opportunity, oil price movements and the and complexity, often depending on the client. Contracts are often take-
converging interests of the players involved have resulted in multiple or-pay, which means the client pays even if they dont use a tank. This
M&A transactions and many more will follow. provides a level of guaranteed income.
To understand where the transactions are coming from and what will Terminal businesses charge fees for moving product from tanks to
continue to drive them, it is important to understand each interested transport points be it barges, transmission pipelines and rail or road
partys dynamics. networks. These through-put fees alongside other services such
as heating, mixing and blending of products provide investors with
OIL STRATEGICS additional sources of revenues. In addition, on the back of oil storage,
Historically oil storage and transmission assets have been owned by inte- these enterprises have become larger liquid businesses encompassing
grated oil and gas majors and downstream oil refiners. In the more recent chemicals, vegetable oils and even food additives. This de-risks the
past, driven by the need to clean up balance sheets, release capital in a business by reducing its reliance on oil-based products such as crude,
declining oil price environment and downward pressure on refining mar- aviation fuel, diesel or kerosene.
gins, the oil strategics have been coming to market with assets to sell. BP
coming to markets to sell its interest in the Amsterdam oil terminal is a SHORT-TERM, TACTICAL CONTANGO ECONOMICS
case in point. In the very recent past the oversupply of crude and the contango in the
forward curve have offered handsome rewards to anyone with capacity to
INDEPENDENT OIL TERMINAL PLAYERS stash oil. These market fundamentals have spurred the immediate rush to
Vopak, the leader among independent oil terminals players, control 10% invest in new oil storage assets or acquire existing ones.
of global market share. Three others Oiltanking, NuStar and Magellan
Midstream are the only ones with any near level of global scale. The STRATEGIC INVESTMENT
need to consolidate as an industry and the need to respond to change in Success in the sector in part comes from buying storage terminals in the
global trade patterns will continue to throw transaction opportunities. LBC right strategic locations. Across the globe there are four key liquid storage
Terminals is currently in the market to sell part of their European assets hubs Houston, the ARA region, the straits of Homuraz/ Fujairah and
and Vopak, who have been an active seller of terminals in the market, are the straits of Singapore. The closer the storage facilities are to suppliers
a key drivers of this trend. markets or required transport networks the better.
Investors affinity for OECD markets has meant there has been
TRADING HOUSES INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS greater deal activity in Europe. Going forward one can expect Australia,
Almost all the major oil traders (Glencore, Gunvor, Trafigura, Vitol, Singapore and Houston to catch up before we see a lot of financial
Mercuria and Noble) and some regional/smaller oil traders (BrightOil, BB investor activity in the Middle East region. The recent bid process and
Energy, Concord, Galana and Hin Leong) have invested in and run oil logis- aggressive pricing for the sale of a minority stake in Universal Terminals
tics assets including storage terminals. Ownership of logistics assets did in Singapore could be an early indicator of this trend.
provide superior control through the supply chain and leverage to extract Universal Terminals is Singapores largest independent oil storage pro-
margins which would otherwise get lost in the trade. vider, with a capacity of 2.33 million m3 across 78 tanks. The ARA region
In the more recent past, traders balance sheets have gone through is a strong gateway for Europe a region which has seen a lot of trans-

MARKET ANALYSIS l MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
action activity. iCON Infrastructures most recent investment, Service regulated, with new requirements now occurring on more periodic
Terminal Rotterdam, was made in this region. Antins Infrastructures cycles likely to eat into potential returns.
PISTO-owned Le Havre oil terminal on Frances northwest coast, is
another example of a strategic location as it is the key entry point INVESTOR ECONOMICS WILL DRIVE TRANSACTIONS
for oil products (crude and refined) in northern France. The asset has Investors have had success investing in liquid storage and transmission
immediate access to the TRAPIL pipeline (also partially owned by Pisto), assets 3is 15.4% internal rate of return (IRR) from its investment in
which links the business to a number of Frances major airports and Oiltanking subsidiaries in Malta, Singapore and Amsterdam since 2007
cities, including Paris. is a case in point.
The oil storage business will continue to attract infrastructure inves-
THE CUSTOMER IS KING tors attention over the next few years. By investing in these assets,
Customer base is another key concern for infrastructure investors seeking infrastructure investors whilst not taking direct commodity exposure
stable returns from these assets. Contract renewals are one of the major are indirectly taking a view on the market for the products they store.
risks of the business. The more revenue locked over the long-term the But with established customers, strategic locations and long-term
better. Antins PISTO also stores for the SAGESS the French States contracts in place, these assets have shown that they can deliver
strategic oil reserve which contributes to stable long-term revenues of mid-teen IRRs for investors willing to take the risk. Beyond standalone
the company. Macquaries TanQuid counts the German equivalent, the economics investors also have an eye on building a network of these
EBV, as one of its customers, according to sources. Whilst its not known assets. This will deliver benefits of being able to deploy larger quan-
what type of contracts will be available at Vopaks UK storage terminals, tums of capital in high-return generating assets. Macquarie seems
which it recently divested, fellow seller BP has said it would look to enter particularly keen on this play and is not afraid of paying rich premiums
a long-term capacity agreement with a potential buyer, which should offer 18x enterprise value EBITDA on the Universal Terminals transaction.
infrastructure investors some comfort regarding revenue security. On another live transaction the sale of the Portuguese, Spanish
and French assets Macquarie again seems to be the front runner. The
OPERATIONAL RISKS AND SAFETY LINKED COSTS successful outcome on the LBC transaction could trigger many other
Storage assets are not without their operational risks. Health and safety marginal independent storage providers to follow suit.
requirements have tightened since incidents such as the Buncefield
fire. Costs attached to health and safety requirements such as the FOR MORE INFORMATION
Netherlands PGS 29 legislation, which outlines how liquids can and cant This article was written by Rahul Saikia, investment banker at
be stored, have also been increasing. Owners of storage assets have little Pricewaterhousecoopers corporate finance team.
scope for passing these costs on because the assets are not generally Rahul.saikia@in.pwc.com
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MARKET ANALYSIS l STORAGE IN ASIA
ASIA:
THE GLOBAL
ENERGY DRIVER
The emergence of Chinas teapot refineries as well as growth of the one belt, one
road mega project and Indias insatiable energy demand are helping to future
proof Asia in the global storage market. Amy McLellan reports.
H
opes that 2016 was the start of the holding 47.7 million barrels of oil enough oil to demand and a return to normal growth, says
turnaround for oil prices, now in the satisfy five working days of Chinese demand. Muthukrishnan Prabakaran, global head of
second year of slump, were dashed This is, say analysts, the highest volume of terminals at UAE-based Gulf Petrochem, who
this summer as yet another rally ran out of oil stored at sea in South East Asia for at least says terminals will need to become more agile
steam, this time stalling short of $50 a barrel. the last five years, and given the spread is not in a changing world.
Oil prices slid to a three-month low in July as wide enough to justify the costs of this floating
concerns mounted about the global supply storage, its a signal that onshore facilities are TEAPOTS AND BOTTLENECKS
overhang, with WTI sliding to $43.11 a barrel. almost full. Tanks are not just brimming with crude; refined
Production data suggests US output is on the products are also in over-supply. In China, for
rebound while the return of disrupted supplies example, the refining capacity has doubled
[Chinas] share of the global

from Canada, Iraq and Libya is again adding to over the past decade to about 14.5 million
the global glut of oil. barrels per day (bpd). This had been intended to
The result is that the one-year price con-
tango, which has seen global tanks sloshing
economy, and of many meet domestic needs but given that economic
growth has fallen by half since 2007, to less
full to the brim, has almost doubled, sug-
gesting the recent weakening of the oil price
specific sectors, will be larger than 7%, there will be a daily fuel surplus
of 700,000 bpd by 2020 according to data
could be more than a summer dip. There is than ever from China National Petroleum Corp. Already
precedent: last summer the contango widened Chinese-refined petrol and diesel are hitting
by 40%, stalling the recovery over the first international markets. Exports surged at least
Gordon Orr, analyst, McKinsey & Co
half of 2015 and sending futures into a tailspin, 30% this year, adding to stockpiles in Singapore
with the price slumping to a 12-year low by and heading further afield, to the US, South
the start of this year. As an IEA analyst puts it: Traders have been America and Europe.
The contango is good news for those in sending cargo to Singapore but they cant find Indeed, the refining boom has created prob-
the business of storing oil. Terminals in key the land-based terminals to offload it. At key lems of its own. This summer congestion at
trading hubs such as Oklahomas Cushing, terminals we have seen capacity being built one of Chinas biggest ports curbed purchases
Rotterdam and Singapore are enjoying high out over the last five years, but stocks have from small independent refiners, known as
utilisation. ballooned. teapots. Looser importation rules led to
Asias main physical oil trading hub, Even so, some now expect this unprece- unprecedented tanker traffic in Qingdau
Singapore, is awash with crude. Earlier this dented huge demand for storage to ease. Port, where most of the teapots are based,
year freight data from Thomson Reuters Eikon Moving forward and with the market according to a spokesman for Qingdao Shihua
pointed to a fleet of 40 supertankers anchored growing somewhat accustomed to the Crude Oil Terminal Co, a subsidiary of Hong
off its coasts or in nearby Malaysian waters price levels, we see a narrowing of this Kong-listed storage giant Sinopec Kantons.

The gradual relaxation of importing rules

Storage terminals need
for the teapots means aggregate throughput to become more agile in a
volume of Sinopec Kantons six domestic changing world according to
Muthukrishnan Prabakaran
terminals (Zhan Jiang Port Petrochemical
Terminal, Qingdao Shihua Crude Oil Terminal,
Ningbo Shihua Crude Oil Terminal, Rizhao
Shihua Crude Oil Terminal, Tianjin Port Shihua
Crude Oil Terminal and Tangshan Caofeidian
Shihua Crude Oil Terminal) surged more
than 16% to 175 million tonnes in 2015. This
summer, however, these storage and logistical
bottlenecks meant that there was an easing
back of imports in China. Customs data shows
inbound shipments into China were equivalent
to 7.62 million bpd in May, down 4.3% from
the previous month.
The regional oil glut is not just a supply-side
issue; it is aided by anaemic demand as econ-
omies around the world struggle with sluggish
growth. Even the tiger economies of Asia
have experienced a pull-back in growth rates in
recent years.
But while the rate of growth may have
slowed, the countries of Southeast Asia, China
and India are still on an upward trajectory:
according to the OECD, real GDP growth in $16 billion of Chinese funding for the construc- ture of global oil markets, with Chinas appar-
emerging Asia is projected to remain solid at tion of 4,000 km of railways and 10,000 km ently insatiable demand to stockpile reserves
6.4% in 2016 and 6.3% in 2017. Real eco- of highways across Central Asia and stretch mopping up cheap oil from the markets.
nomic activity in Southeast Asia (ASEAN 10) is its tentacles through Kazakhstan, Mongolia, The country increased imports by 8.8% to
projected to grow at an average rate of 4.9% Russia, Iran, Turkey and European cities around 6.7 million bpd in 2015 as the country
in 2016, with India at 7.4% and China at 6.5%, Budapest, Hamburg and Rotterdam. continued to spend billions of dollars to build up
much of it driven by domestic demand. The sea route, known as the Maritime a strategic petroleum reserve equivalent to 90
It is the powerhouse of China that is the real Silk Road, or simply the Road, spans out days of net imports using government-owned
bellwether of global growth. Chinas economy from Chinas eastern ports to Southeast storage sites, of which there are seven above-
grew 6.7% in the second quarter of 2016, Asia, South Asia, East Africa, West Asia and ground facilities at Zhoushan, Zhenhai, Dalian,
unchanged from the previous three-month the Mediterranean, ending at Rotterdam. Huangdao, Dushanzi, Lanzhou and Tianjin,
period and slightly ahead of economists Important junctions along the way will include and one operational underground facility at
expectations. The country is targeting a full-year Pakistans newly developed port of Gwadar on Huangdao. In addition there is plus compulsory
growth target of 6.5% to 7% for 2016 but there the Arabian Sea, Istanbul, Greece, Venice, and stockpiling by state-owned companies and
remain significant downward pressures as the Hamburg. tanks built and operated by private firms.
economy rebalances, with rising corporate Analysts suggest that when completed Beijing has set a 550 million barrel SPR
debt a real concern. But analyst Gordon Orr of the OBOR will include 60 countries, home target for 2020; as of mid-2015 it had 190
McKinsey & Co puts it best, pointing out that to two-thirds of the worlds population, 55% million barrels in storage, having doubled its
whether growth is a percentage point up or of the global GDP and 75% of global energy reserve base in just eight months. This rate
down, theres no denying the absolute scale of reserves. This scheme will consist of 900 has slowed, with existing facilities full and
Chinas $11 trillion economy. No matter what infrastructure projects, valued at about $1.3 new underground caverns encountering tech-
rate the country grows at in 2016, its share trillion, much from Chinese banks, financial nical and construction delays. This summer
of the global economy, and of many specific institutions and special funds and will help however, it was reported that the government
sectors, will be larger than ever, says Orr. soak up Chinas overcapacity in steel, cement would build 441 million barrels of storage for
and construction materials. its SPR in three construction phases.
ONE BELT, ONE ROAD It will open up new strategic hubs along the It is not just China that is piling on the bar-
This is a country that looks to the future in road; Gwadar, just northeast of the strategi- rels. Low oil prices have also prompted India
decades. In September 2013, during a visit cally important Straits of Hormuz, is not only to accelerate the growth of its SPR, with the
to Kazakhstan, Chinese president Xi Jinping being built with Chinese money but will also first phase of three facilities in southern India
announced plans to re-develop the Silk Road be owned and operated the China Overseas providing room for 39.1 million barrels of crude
with high-speed rail, roads and pipelines Ports Co. This new deepwater gateway port oil. The Visakhapatnam facility began filling
connecting lands once crossed by caravans in gives China access to the Indian Ocean. 60% last summer while the Mangalore and Padur
the first millennium. By November 2014, this of Chinas oil comes from Persian Gulf ships facilities will complete later this year. The
ambitious pan-Eurasian ambition was backed by travelling over 16,000 km to Shanghai and countrys second phase will add another 91
the creation of the $40 billion Silk Road fund. Gwadar will slash that to just 5,000 km. This million barrels of SPR capacity by 2020.
One Belt, One Road (OBOR) seeks to is not just about commerce and trade; its also South Korea is also investing in oil storage
connect the landmass of Eurasia and the about access, security and influence. capacity, not just for internal security but
waters of the Indian Ocean. The OBOR has also to capitalise on its proximity to Chinas
both land and sea dimensions: the New Silk THINKING STRATEGIC, BUILDING RESERVES booming independent refineries. This year
Road Economic Belt (known as Belt) is made Part of this long-range planning has been the country plans to add 1.82 million barrels
of railways, highways, oil and gas pipelines Chinas spending spree on strategic petroleum of crude and oil products to its SPR to take
and major energy projects. This includes nearly reserves (SPR). This has been a significant fea- the tally to 94.42 million barrels. State oil

company KNOC operates nine storage sites Phase two the south terminal will see serving Saudi Arabia, South East Asia and East
that can hold 146 million barrels of crude and the reclamation of another 604 sq km of land Africa while the 250,000 m3 Pipavav terminal in
oil products, including strategic reserves that for facilities that can handle 18.4 million barrels India allows the company to tap into one of the
currently account for 92.6 million barrels and of products, with three berths and a buoy that fastest growing economies in the world.
26.6 million barrels for foreign oil stored under can accommodate ships up to 300,000 DWT. While there may be plenty of oil seeking
joint storage agreements. A feasibility study for the second phase pro- a home there can be many challenges to
There is massive investment in storage ject is underway by Korea Maritime Institute, adding new capacity. In Malaysia, for example,
capacity in South Korea. Ulsan Port Authority, a company specialising in feasibility studies for construction work on the Asia Petroleum
for example, the countrys largest liquid cargo the public sector, says Choi. He also points Hub (APH) in Johor has been stalled due to
handling port, is busy expanding through its out that there is a wide array of infrastruc- lack of funding and unresolved issues over
Northeast Asia oil hub project, which will lift ture at Port of Ulsan, including major refiners ownership, leaving it far adrift of its original
capacity to 28.4 million barrels with ten docking SK and S-oil, a large petrochemical complex, on-stream date of 2009. It is hoped the entry
facilities across 906 sq km. Phase one the docks specialised for liquid cargo handling and of a consortium led by cash-rich Emirates
north terminal got underway in November a strategic geographic location, with a popu- National Oil Company will revive work on the
2013 and land reclamation will be completed lation of 700 million with 1,200 km of Ulsan. project.
in January 2017, ahead of Korea Oil Terminal Pending the results of the feasibility study, In Indonesia, four years after it acquired
Company starting construction on the facility. work could get underway in 2017 with a view 95% stake in PT West Point Terminal, Sinopec
The north terminal will comprise six docking to starting commercial operations in 2025. Kantons has reported slow progress. Last year
facilities with storage capacity for 9.9 million the companys plans to build a 2.6 million m3
barrels of petroleum products and the ability to THINKING LONG TERM facility known as the Batam Project ran into
handle vessels up to 120,000 DWT. This work Elsewhere, Gulf Petrochem thinks long term difficulties because of a difference between
will be completed in 2018, with commercial about the location of its terminals. Global head shareholders on the management philos-
operations expected to start in 2019, says of terminals Muthukrishnan Prabakaran points ophy. Sinopec Kantons said it will actively
Jinwon Choi, assistant manager of Ulsan Port out that its Hamriyah terminal, with capacity of take responsive measures to carry out the pro-
Authority. 204,000 m3, is growing in strategic importance, ject and to protect our shareholders interests.
A RIVAL SEA ROUTE: THE NSR ON ICE?
T
rade routes are not immutable. As the history of the old silk The recent plunge in oil prices, however, has eroded that cost
routes show, they are living things that depend on many advantage. In 2015, there were just 18 transits and 40,000 tonnes
factors for their survival. One of these factors is environmental of cargo.
and, in an era of rapidly retreating Arctic sea ice, new routes are There has been successful navigation of the northern sea
being opened that could, in a warmer future, rival the shipping lanes route in recent years but there remain significant challenges
that today connect Asia with western markets. before we see international shippers regularly using this northern
By sailing through Russias Arctic waters the Northern Sea shortcut, says Martin Clark, editor of Frontier Energy magazine,
Route companies can cut the normal sailing distance between which covers Arctic shipping. These include safety and environ-
Rotterdam and Shanghai via the Suez Canal by up to 24%, reducing mental concerns, the costs of operating in an area that requires
journey times by up to 15 days. In 2014, for example, the Stena icebreaker support at a time when lower oil prices have offset the
Polaris carried almost 400,000 barrels of naphtha from Ust Luga near cost advantages of the shorter route and the unpredictability of
Saint Petersburg to Yeosu in South Korea in 35 days compared with a the sea ice.
typical seven-week journey via the Suez Canal. Yet further ahead, when oil prices recover and increased Arctic
There are significant cost and environmental savings to shorter infrastructure reduces the risks and costs of the northern journey,
journeys. Christian Bonfils, managing director of Nordic Bulk Carriers, the shorter transit times may prove hard to resist. With Russia,
which in 2010 was the first company to use the NSR to transport China and South Korea investing in new icebreaker fleets, and the
cargo through the Arctic to China, said the fuel savings alone added ongoing retreat of Arctic sea ice, it is likely that longer term these
up to 750 tonnes. It is safer, shorter and thereby more eco-friendly, challenges will be overcome, opening up new shipping routes for
he says. strategically located terminals in Asia, Clark adds.
The oil price plunge has slashed the cost

advantages of the Northern Sea Route

CHEMICAL
STORAGE
SUPPLEMENT
The voice of the storage terminal industry AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 Volume 12 Issue No.4
Chemical storage Leveraging supply

opportunities in Europe chain opportunities
LBC Tank Terminals is Serving a growing need for
capitalising on tank storage specialty chemicals storage in
opportunities the Middle East

CONTENTS
Chemical storage contents

News Features
01 02
06
Chemical storage news Chemical tank terminal update
04 Spearheading storage efficiency
05 Port potential drives storage opportunities
06 Leveraging supply chain opportunities
07 Changing chemical storage dynamics
09 Chemical storage opportunities in Europe
10 Effective protection for secondary containment

areas in chemical storage
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AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4

TERMINAL NEWS l CHEMICAL
Lanxess enlarges specialty chemicals storage capacity

Lanxess has significantly expanded storage capacity for its phosphoric acid ester
plants at its Leverkusen site.
The specialty chemicals company has invested around 8 million into the facility, which is
now six times larger than before. It now contains six 150 m3 tanks, giving a total volume
of 900 m3. It replaces the previous, smaller tank farm, which had a capacity of 145 m3.
In addition to the tank facility the company has built a new unloading station to transfer
raw materials from tankers. The new station has five bottom discharge arms and vapour
recovery arms.
The new tank farm has been completed and is awaiting its official permit before starting
operations, which is expected by the end of July.
Largest
liquid storage
terminal High Performance Tank Linings that Resist
in Turkey Corrosion from More Than 5,000 Chemicals
acquired
Yilport Holdings has acquired ChemLine patented polymer
100% shares in Solventas coatings protect storage tanks
Technical Storage Company, against corrosion from aggressive
Turkeys largest liquid acids, alkalis, solvents, CPPs, and
terminal.
edible oils. ChemLine resists
Yilport Gebze Port and chemicals from pH 1 to pH 14 and at
Solventas terminal will now be
elevated temperatures.
consolidated into the largest
and most advanced liquid
terminal, operational in Dilovasi ChemLine polymer coatings are
District in the Gulf of Izmit. 97% to 100% solids with extremely
The Solventas terminal is
Yilports 23rd terminal. The
low VOCs, making them the preferred
handover is expected to lining system for bulk chemical
start following the Turkish storage tanks. As one universal lining,
Competition Authoritys ChemLine provides greater flexibility
approval.
The merger will contribute
in the range of chemicals handled,
to growth of the chemical saving you thousands of dollars and
industry in Turkey. The ter- adding value to your asset.
minal is also significant as the
first specialised port of Yilport
Holding, exclusively dedicated
to handling and storing chem- Advanced Polymer Coatings
icals and liquid cargo. The Avon, Ohio 44011 U.S.A.
facility has 217 chemical tanks
with a storage capacity of
333,000 m3. It serves tankers
and vessels on two quays and
stores and handles more than
70 types of products including
chemicals and petrochemi-
cals.
The consolidation of both
facilities will form Yilport
Dilovasi Liquid Terminal, with
more than 300 tanks and more
+01 440-937-6218 Phone +01 440-937-5046 Fax www.adv-polymer.com
than 450,000 m3 of liquid
storage.

TANK TERMINAL UPDATE l CHEMICAL
Chemical tank terminal update
Sabic, Exxon Mobil LBC Tank Terminals

Location: Gulf Coast, US Location: Port of Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Products: Petrochemicals Products: Liquid chemicals
Construction/ Both companies are carrying out studies to Capacity: 250,000 m3

expansion/ assess the potential of a new complex before
Construction/ To meet growing demand for chemical
acquisition: a final investment decision is made
expansion/ storage, the operator is expanding its jetty
If developed it will be located near natural gas acquisition: capabilities as well as its storage capacity
Comment: feedstock and include a world-scale stream
The first 36,000 m3 expansion will be
cracker and derivative units Comment
operational in the first half of 2017
Saudi Aramco, Sabic

Location: Saudi Arabia Standic
Products: Crude oil, chemicals
Location: Dordrecht, the Netherlands
Construction/ A joint study is being conducted on a crude
Products: Oleochemicals, specialty chemicals
expansion/ oil-to-chemicals complex after an agreement
acquisition: document was drawn up Capacity: 36,000 m3
The ambition is to create a fully integrated Construction/ The expansion into tank pit 7 comprises 43
complex to maximise chemical yield, recycles expansion/ tanks in different sizes
Comment: by-products and diversifies the petrochemical acquisition:
feedstock mix
The existing facility has also been modernised
Comment as part of the expansion, and the storage
Yilport Holdings and distribution centre has increased its jetty
capacity by 33%
Location: Dilovasi Distrcit, Gulf of Izmit, Turkey
Products: Chemicals, petrochemicals
Capacity: 333,000 m3 Epic Midstream

Construction/ Yilports acquisition of Solventas Technical Location: Savannah, Georgia
expansion/ Storage will help it continue its plans to be
Products: Asphalt, asphalt additives, condensate, crude,
acquisition: ranked in the top 10 international port opera-
ethanol and other chemicals
tors by 2025
The facility will be integrated into Tilport Gebzes

Capacity: 1.12 million barrels
Comment terminal, which has 85 chemical tanks. The inte- Construction/ Epic acquired the terminal, with 19 tanks,
grated facility, Yilport Dilovasi Liquid Terminal, expansion/ from Axeon Specialty Products
will have more than 450,000 m3 of storage acquisition:
The facility has 18 acres available for future
Lanxess Comment development and the company says it will
develop crude, condensate and chemical
Location: Leverkusen, Germany export opportunities
Products: Phosphoric acid ester
Capacity: 900 m3
Investment: Investment: 8 million
Construction/ The specialty chemicals companys

expansion/ investment replaces previous, smaller tank
acquisition: farm, which had a capacity of 145 m3
Completion date: July 2016 This list is based on information made available to Tank Storage
Magazine at the time of printing. If you would like to update the list
The company has built a new unloading
Comment: with any additional terminal information for future issues, please email:
station to transfer raw materials from tankers
jasmin@tankstoragemag.com

CHEMICAL STORAGE
CHEMICAL PROFILE l PORT OF TARRAGONA
IN THE MIDDLE EAST.

COVERED.
With over 85,000m3 of liquid bulk storage in Find out more at

Saudi Arabia and terminals in Jubail and Yanbu,
ACT is the perfect partner to import and export www.ArabianChemicalTerminals.com
your chemicals or minerals safely and effectively.
Contact us to find out how we can help to leverage E: info@arabianchemicalterminals.com
your chemical businesses in the Middle East.
AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4 T: +966 12 652 0000 00
CHEMICAL PROFILE l TEPSA
SPEARHEADING
STORAGE
EFFICIENCY
TEPSA AT A GLANCE:
A
The company operates in four of Spains principle ports, Barcelona,
series of investments to further improve productivity and effi- Bilbao, Tarragona and Valencia
ciency across all of Tepsas facilities will position the company as Tepsa has almost 900,000 m3 for the storage of petroleum, biofuels
one of the main storage players in Spain. and chemicals with more than 300,000 m3 for chemical storage
The company has already ploughed 4 million into modernising its facili-
In 2015, total product throughput (incoming and outgoing) was
ties by improving efficiency, productivity and service quality this includes more than 6.5 million tonnes
an automation project for the chemical tanker loading bays in Barcelona.
A further 20 million has been earmarked for Tepsas four terminals in
the ports of Barcelona, Bilbao, Valencia and Tarragona to further roll out Tepsa as the main point of reference in Spain in the storage and handling
automation at these facilities as well as implement new technologies to of all types of liquid bulk.
improve efficiency and productivity. The results is a service that is increasingly in line with customer needs
In an interview with Tank Storage Magazine, managing director Luis and increased customer loyalty. The reduction in tanker loading time for
Sala says that as a result of these small investments so far, the company petroleum products is one example of this.
has the fastest and most efficient operations of all the Spanish termi- As previously reported, petroleum tanker turnaround times at Tepsa
nals. terminals have been substantially reduced and has resulted in an 18%
It is really a set of small investments spread among the Tepsa termi- reduction in operation times. The entire loading procedure is completed in
nals that form part of the continuous improvement system that positions around 30 minutes from the tankers arrival to its exit from the terminal.
Looking to the wider chemical storage market, Sala observes that the
sector has recovered from the fallout of the 2008 global economic crisis,
which saw a slump in chemicals demand as well as a lack as access to
credit. At the time, then president of the European Chemical Industry
Council Francois Cornelis said that chemical activity is very closely
connected to trends in economic growth and that the industry was very
worried.
Sala says: The continued growth of the Spanish economy over the
past 18 months is maintaining this improvement independently of oil price
trends.
Consumption of chemical products per inhabitant in Spain increased
5.7% in 2015, surpassing pre-economic crisis consumption and the chem-
ical industry turnover was 3% higher than the year before according to
the Spanish Chemical Industry Business Federation.
Nevertheless, there are still domestic and international uncertainties,
which means we must be prudent with regard to future development.

CHEMICAL PROFILE l PORT OF TARRAGONA
PORT POTENTIAL DRIVES

STORAGE OPPORTUNITIES
The Port of Tarragona is developing itself as central chemicals
hub in the Mediterranean with further expansion projects on
the horizon
T
he Port of Tarragona benefits from several
strategically unique factors which it is
seeking to capitalise on further to elevate
itself as a chemical logistics hub.
Nestled along the east coast of Spain and
perfectly placed to capture trade flows from the
Mediterranean, the port has embarked on a series
of projects to consolidate its hub position.
In 2013 it invested more than 76 million to
expand its chemicals wharf from 18 hectares to
36 hectares in response to growing demand from
local industries and in 2015 Vopak Terquimsa
invested in six new tanks as a result of market
needs.
Offering significant growth and development
potential, port executives are considering a
number of different projects on the back of high
demand for its available land.
Genoveva Climent, commercial director at the
port, says that a key factor to its success is the
fact that it supports its terminals to increase traffic Picture caption
volume to the port.
The potential of the chemical industry is huge;
the local industry has an annual production of
around 20 million tons and represents 25% of
Spanish production. Also, the growth rate for the ment projects from different terminals, which will significantly increase the storage capacity
chemical industry is expected to be 4.5% globally of the port and traffic. Moreover we will be able to handle new types of products and addi-
by 2030. tional services will be on offer which will improve the potential of Tarragona as a liquid hub in
The port is also focused on the Middle Eastern the Mediterranean.
bulk liquid market due to our strategic location on Utilisation rates at the three independent terminals remain high and operators are looking
the Mediterranean and the lifting of Irans export at further investments.
restrictions has been really positive for the port With their enlargement onto the chemicals harbour, Vopak Terquimsa now uses one third
and the chemical cluster. of the total chemical quay and due to high demand for the land we have available we are
One of our objectives is to also develop new studying different projects, says Climent.
relationships between chemical and complemen- The main objective of the chemical quay extension was to receive the largest cargo in the
tary industries. market. It allows us to respond to the increasing demand and remains effective and acces-
We have developed the port as a hub platform sible without congestion and additional demurrage costs.
to capture trade flows coming from the eastern After the chemical industry restructured to become more competitive, it seems like the
Mediterranean. We are studying various invest- industry will be growing again.

CHEMICAL PROFILE l ARABIAN CHEMICAL TERMINALS
LEVERAGING SUPPLY
CHAIN OPPORTUNITIES
T
he expansion of Arabian Chemical
ACT and Sutton
Terminals (ACT) to satisfy the growing Arabia work
demand for specialty chemical storage together on a daily
will help to create a seamless supply chain basis
operation in Saudi Arabia.

The expansion at its facility in Jubail
Commerical Port involves the construction of
two additional tankpits to house 13 stainless
carbon and stainless steel tanks. Work is cur-
rently underway to connect the tanks to piping
as well as further electric and instrument
installation ahead of its expected commis-
sioning in the first quarter of 2017.
A major part of the facility is leased out to
current and new customers and, in addition,
some potential customers are looking into
opportunities. However, there are still tanks
available in all sizes as some restructuring
of the existing tank farm has created some equipment and the quality of production, ACT We have seen demand steadily increase as
further opportunities. has put in place the tenets of operation. has the need for specialised firms such as ACT.
Once complete the facility will comprise These 10 tenets set out practices for The approval from the Saudi government to
39 tanks supported by two marine berths to employees to abide by, including following release trading license to foreign companies
accommodate chemical tankers up to 220 stipulated procedures, reporting envi- leverages supply chain solution opportunities.
meters. ronmental, health and safety compliance Producers seek to integrate and allow verticals
Additionally, plans are in place for ACTs information accurately and on time as well as with their plant yield and feedstock more and
Yanbu facility in the Red Sea to modernise addressing abnormal conditions and under- more to focus on their core business and let
and expand, with loading systems with high standing procedures before proceeding. us do ours.
accuracy metering and low utilisation rates. ACT seeks to capitalise on emerging oppor- The additional capacity at Jubail will help
Plans are expected to come to fruition in the tunities not only in Jubail and Yanbu but in the serve a range of petrochemical projects in the
coming period. wider GCC region. region including SABIC, SATORP and SADARA
At the heart of these modernisation and Castricum says that the facilities are in Jubail Industry City an industrial complex
expansion plans, is ACTs ethos that safety is attracting demand from a growing pool of developed by the Royal Commission of Jubail.
more important than production. international clients. ACT is also working with Suttons to realise
In an interview with Tank Storage Magazine, Demand for our storage comes from both a large logistics park in Jubail Industry Support
Kasper Castricum, business development regional and international sources. We have a Zone. The Suttons Arabia Park will accommo-
manager at ACT, explains: Our main asset is high number of local key clients but recently date tank and ISO cleaning stations, drumming
manpower. So in other words, ACT cares for have started to see a growing number of installations and several support logistical
each employee working in any ACT facility. To international clients looking at our facilities for services to the surrounding industries focusing
ensure the safety of each person, reliability of the Middle East. on liquid and packaged chemicals.

CHEMICAL MARKET ANALYSIS l CHEMICAL STORAGE
CHANGING
CHEMICAL STORAGE
DYNAMICS
T
here are a number of trends which leaves little capacity or time to tackle the task of growing the
impacting the outlook of the global It is clear company. Given these conditions, it is no wonder that the majority of
that some
chemical storage market. These companies and the industry have settled into an anemic pattern of growth
include a shift towards the Asia-Pacific that largely tracks gross domestic product.
market and rapid growth in the Middle East
and Africa; rise in export activity in North companies As companies decide whether to expand their scope into new areas
of growth or stay true to their core, they will also have to contend with
America; stress on the market due to the
surge in low-cost fuel influencing limited were able a number of rising threats to their operations. These challenges include
cyber threats, regulations/policy, and the regional landscape all which
storage availability; conversion of old
refineries into more profitable, automated, to recover have an effect on the global chemical storage market.
CYBER THREATS
and digital facilities including those enabling
a mix of material; technology advance- and return to As companies pursue technological advances, such as cloud computing,
ments in new applications, coatings, and
performance materials; increased security their 2007 robotics, and artificial intelligence, the digital threat becomes increas-
ingly complex but not impossible to overcome. The broadening scope
measures, and movement towards more
value-added services/solutions.
position, yet of cyber-attacks is a function of many factors, including exploitation of
system vulnerabilities, cyber espionage of research and development, and
Yet, to be able to fully understand the
affect these dynamics will have on the
others were human resources strategies that favor shorter-term contract employment,
over traditional job-for-life models.
chemical storage market, it is vital to also
understand the forces driving change and
not REGULATIONS/POLICY
growth in the global chemicals and spe- Environment, health, and safety protection regulations can lead to the
cialty materials industry. relocation of the manufacturing of specific chemicals. Strict climate
For the past several years, Deloitte change regulation around high carbon dioxide emissions pricing could
Touche Tohmatsu (Deloitte Global) has accelerate the developments of bio-based materials. Regulations that
tracked a number of trends in the global monitor greater fuel efficiency will likely have an impact on advancements
chemical and specialty materials industry. In in materials technology.
the initial stages, these efforts focused on On the policy side, protectionism will remain a factor whenever a
the key question of how the chemical and country sets a goal for self-sufficiency. Policies to promote domestic
specialty materials industry would rebound employment will contribute to overcapacity, along with free-trade zones
or reset itself since the last peak in 2007 changing the way regional markets are served. Additionally, policies that
and in the wake of the great recession of influence the use of natural gas or alternative fuel sources for domestic
2009. use will likely impact the outlook of the chemicals and specialty materials
Now, in 2016 it is clear that some com- industry.
panies were able to recover and return to
their 2007 position, yet others were not. REGIONAL LANDSCAPE
Evidence has increasingly pointed to the Markets are moving and will continue to move across geographies as
reality that companies have an unrelenting they follow growth. Among developed economies, the US is currently
focus on optimising their core business, the strongest, while chemical and materials players in western Europe

CHEMICAL MARKET ANALYSIS l CHEMICAL STORAGE
face the prospect of searching for growth in a solutions oriented, with stronger, more direct, relationships with cus-
no-growth economic zone. tomers and a more value-based business model. The shift downstream
Among BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, and to specialties, a trend in the Middle East, will likely have an impact on
China) countries, Chinas economy has storage requirements including a multitude of smaller tanks, stainless
slowed but opportunities still exist for chem- steel, flexible operations, improved efficiency, to name a few.
ical players, albeit ones that are more difficult The traditional response to the need for growth has always been
to seize and with a shorter time window to innovation. For over 50 years, researchers and engineers worked day
realise. In India, economic growth is quite and night in labs, plants, and in the field to seek out and discover new
robust, and purchasing power is rising and molecules, materials, and applications that substituted for or improved
creating millions of new consumers. upon existing products. Their inventiveness, commitment, and dedication
to continuous improvement helped their companies maintain admirable
GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES rates of growth.
The global chemical storage market, like the It is challenging for todays companies in the chemicals and specialty
chemical parcel tanker market, operates on materials industry, along with those in the global chemicals storage
imbalances, fluctuating growth rates, overca- market, to focus on the problems and solutions of the future, while still
pacity, and supply disruptions. This sector will operating and managing their core business. No longer should companies
likely be impacted by major building programs look at the current state of the industry with a straight line. They need
in the Middle East and North America, which to take into account the disruptors and what drivers will influence the
will create significant growth opportunities in most returns.
export flows and the need to build additional
storage facilities. Regional shifts will likely ABOUT THIS ARTICLE
occur in strategic reserves, trading activity, This communication contains general information only, and none of
and warehouse storage. Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, its member firms, or their related
As companies in the global chemicals and entities (collectively, the Deloitte Network) is, by means of this com-
specialty materials sector prepare for the munication, rendering professional advice or services. Before making any
future, they are likely challenged to find new decision or taking any action that may affect your finances or your busi-
areas for growth outside of their core business, you should consult a qualified professional adviser. No entity in the
ness. It is as hard (or harder) as competing on Deloitte Network shall be responsible for any loss whatsoever sustained
an un-level playing field with subscale core by any person who relies on this communication.
assets, assets approaching technological
obsolescence, or with products that regula-
tors or consumers are sun-setting.
Fortunately, there are options for com-
panies that need more than their core can FOR MORE INFORMATION
deliver. These companies may shift a few This article was written by Duane Dickson, vice chairman, global and US
links down the value chain to become more chemicals & specialty materials sector leader at Deloitte Consulting

CHEMICAL PROFILE l LBC TANK TERMINALS
CHEMICAL STORAGE
OPPORTUNITIES IN EUROPE
With the petrochemical industry predicted to consistently grow over the next five years, LBC
Tank Terminals are capitalising on these emerging tank storage opportunities
T
he chemical and petrochemical industry in Europe is undergoing a The growth in the petrochemical industry will drive demand for basic
welcomed resurgence, with growth of 3% per year predicted for chemicals, intermediates and other liquid chemicals to produce polymers.
the next five years. Growing demand and growing imports create opportunities for tank
Coupled with increasing import flows to the region as a result of imbal- storage in Europe. We also see customers consolidating tank storage
ances between chemical production and demand opportunities are ripe needs in hub locations such as Rotterdam and Antwerp, close to their
for tank storage in Europe. customers.
On the back of these favourable market conditions, LBC Tank In the US, the low oil prices have contributed to a slow down in the
Terminals facility in the Port of Rotterdam is undergoing an expansion expansion plans of olefin plants, and has also triggered strategic reviews
with the construction and lease of a new jetty as well as two new tank- of European refinery capacities. As a result, some customers have been
pits with 36,000 m3 stainless steel heatable capacity. Overall, the operator reluctant to engage in longer-term commitments, however Waeytens has
plans to have an additional 179,000 m3 of capacity, a new jetty with two seen this trend reverse recently.
seagoing berths and two barge positions, up to 14.5 meters safety draft, As a result of these market dynamics and ever increasingly demanding
central truck loading facilities and increased capacity for rail cars. customers, competition in Rotterdam and Antwerp is significant for oper-
In an interview with Tank Storage Magazine, Dominique Waeytens, ators, thus making storage efficiency, flexibility as well as fast turnaround
general manager for northern Europe, says that the ARA region is concen- times paramount.
trated with chemical storage opportunities due to its high concentration of Company executives are also confidents that they can triple the size of
chemical plants. the Rotterdam terminal over the next three to five years.
Synergies on shared utilities, the concentration of producers and their Rotterdam is a key hub for the petrochemical industry, with excellent
industrial clients, and other cluster advantages make Rotterdam well connections by waterway, pipeline, rail and road.
positioned for growth. In southern Europe, many of the LBC terminals have unique assets
and handle products with strong local demand and long-lasting customer
relationships. We have seen some movements of capacity between Le
Havre and ARA, but in the rest of France and in Iberia the LBC terminals
have shown steady growth in recent years.
Also, our US terminals in Houston and Baton Rouge are seeing signifi-
cant growth, due to continued high oil production in the US and continued
high storage demand of chemicals and petrochemicals storage along the
Gulf Coast.
Besides its project in Rotterdam, the company is also embarking on
a significant investment programme in Houston, with the creation of
an additional 632,000 m3 of additional tank capacity as well as a new
ship dock and two additional barge docks and a strategic alliance with
Magellan in Seabrook Logistics.
The Houston project is in the first phase of construction, which com-
prises 93,000 m3 shell capacity barrels with an expected commissioning
date of April 1 2017. Subsequent phases are planned to commence in the
2017 financial year for the second phase and the 2018 financial year for
phase three.

CHEMICAL TECHNICAL FEATURES l CONTAINMENT
EFFECTIVE PROTECTION FOR

SECONDARY CONTAINMENT
AREAS IN CHEMICAL STORAGE
P
rotecting the inside of chemical storage
tanks from corrosion and leakage is of
paramount concern to bulk liquid storage
facilities, tank farms and chemical processing
operators.
Just as vital is the protection of the areas
in and around and underneath tanks, including
concrete tank pads, flooring, secondary contain-
ment and waste water areas. These areas must
be able to withstand spills and splashes, and
tank leaks from aggressive chemical exposures,
including strong acids, alkalis, gases, solvents
and oxidisers, to prevent migration into the con-
crete surfaces.
Advanced Polymer Coatings (APC), has devel-
oped various ChemLine coating formulations that
are ideal on concrete applications. These coatings
are based on a unique, patented cross-linking
polymer system that creates a very dense, tightly
knit chemical structure, with a virtually impene-
01
trable surface.
TURKEYS UDME SEEKS TO SAFEGUARD

CONCRETE SURFACES WITH CHEMLINE
At the GBRETAS fertilizer factory in Turkey, the
manufacturing operations produce a range of
fertilizers and related products that are used in the
Turkish agricultural sector.
UDME consulted with APC to review what
high performance coatings would provide acid
resistance on new concrete pads that will hold
chemical tanks used in fertiliser production and
the surrounding areas at the facility.
UDMEs focus was to protect these concrete
areas from any potential leakage of chemicals
from valves-lines to and from the tank, and also
any release directly from the tanks.
APC also studied the cargo (chemicals) and
temperature service conditions to monitor what
types of potential splash, spill and leakage situa-
tions that could occur, and checked these against 02
ChemLines coating resistance list.

CHEMICAL TECHNICAL FEATURES l CONTAINMENT
01 At this new concrete secondary containment pit, the

surface is first cleaned and prepared for the coating
application
02 After the primer coat of ChemLine is checked, stripe

coating of ChemLine (red colour) is applied
03 The containment areas are lined with a ChemLine base

coast (red), followed with a ChemLine top coat (grey) to
finish out the protective lining application
04 ChemLine can be used for a range of different service

applications
05 The versitaility of ChemLine can protect concrete

surfaces in, around and under tanks.
These conditions included:

18% Phosphoric acid
10% Hydrogen sulphate-sulphuric acid
98% Chlorine fluoride
03
Operating temperatures between 95C to 105C
(203F to 221F)
All the concrete surfaces coated were new, covering
more than 1,000 square meters of surface area. For
heat curing ChemLine coatings in these large outdoor
areas, APC built a protective enclosed area using
plastic sheeting wrapped around the staging as a
support. This provided adequate protection during the
heat curing stage.
CHEMLINE SECONDARY CONTAINMENT PROTECTION

In the country of Turkmenistan, one of the largest
thermal power plant builders in the region specified
ChemLine coating for concrete secondary contain-
ment protection. ChemLine was applied at three
different power facilities in the cities of Ahal, Lebap
and Mary.
Various chemicals are used at these facilities,
including the following, and these are all safely con-
tained with ChemLine:
98% H2SO4 (Sulfuric acid)
0-100% NaOH (Sodium hydroxide)
04 0-19% NaOCl (Sodium hypochlorite)
0-50% FeCl3 (Ferric chloride) at ambient tempera-
ture.
05 For these projects, APC first applied a ChemLine
primer coat (blue colour), with ChemLine (red colour)
next as the base coat, finished with ChemLine (grey
colour) as the top coat.
ADDITIONAL CONCRETE PROTECTION PROJECTS

The following photos illustrate how ChemLine is also
effectively used to protect a wide range of concrete
and secondary containment areas. This protection
is an imperative for any bulk liquid storage facility,
tank farm or chemical processor that wants to meet
regulatory compliance and that wants to protect the
environment from the hazards of chemical products.
FOR MORE INFORMATION

This article was written by Norbert Hobrath,
(+1) 440 937 6218. www.adv-polymer.com

CHEMICAL HEADING l XXXXXX XXXXXX
Tank Storage Magazine is the industrys

ONLY audited magazine what does
that mean for you?
Twice a year Tank Storage Magazine undergoes an other magazines in the industry to ensure youre
audit of its circulation. getting the best value for money.
When you invest in advertising you are buying Tank Storage Magazine is printed six times a year.
access to a magazines audience. The value of the For every issue:
audience is defined by who reads the magazine and 3,055 copies are posted globally to highly targeted,
therefore who sees your advert. named individuals
We are proud to print nearly 40,000 copies of the 2,584 copies are distributed at tradeshows
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ALL major trade shows.
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The BPA audit lets your compare our readership with auditing service for B2B publications

TECHNICAL NEWS
Technical news
All the latest terminal technical news from around the globe
Coupler innovation promises to Revolutionary single-

revolutionise terminal loading point top-loading system
OPW Engineered Systems has brought to market the LYNX coupler to its line of launched
terminal solutions.
The SmartTech Logic terminal ground system, the
The coupler incorporates a U-pin design that enables an operator to disas- first all-in-one system for loading terminals, has
semble the couple in a matter of seconds. This design enables the operator to been launched by SixAxis.
gain access to the internal components, perform maintenance and quickly put
the coupler back in service. Ther terminal grounding system controller by SixAxis new
Dave Morrow, director of products for engineered systems says: A single subsidiary SmartTech provides multiple truck and railcar
coupler might be responsible for the transfer of millions of gallons of fluid, so grounding operations all in one enclosure. It contains
you want to shorten the service cycle as much as possible. features including monitoring potential overfill; monitoring
Each LYNX coupler comes with a five-year warranty and it can extend the life loading arm position, enabling dead-man control and the
of the wave spring as well as handle surge pressures up to 500 psi. ability to log external environmental conditions such as tem-
perature and humidity.
The interface allows the operator to immediately see oper-
ational issues and activities via a pre-set menu. Real-time
wireless communication to the terminal automation system
is also possible with this grounding system.
Graeme Murphy, VP of business strategy and develop-
ment for Saferack says: I am not exaggerating when I say
that theres no system in the world and no combination of
controllers in the world that provides this range of function-
ality for truck and railcar terminal operations as well as tank
farms.
MTS Sensors product line NEC and

CEC certified
MTS Sensors Temposonics T series product line is now certified to NEC
and CEC Standards 500, 505 and 506.
These certification standards are used in US and Canada to ensure that

equipment meets certain standards for operating in potentially hazardous
conditions.
The positions sensors are now ATEX, IECEx, NEC and CEC hazardous area
certified for use in Class I, II, III, Divisions 1, 2 Groups A,B, C, D, E, F, G as
well as Zone 0/1m 21 and 22.

TECHNICAL NEWS
New wirelessly-
monitored storage
tank emergency
vents
Emerson has introduced wirelessly-mon-
itored Enardo 2000 emergency pressure
relief vents for abnormally high storage
tank pressures in the oil and gas, chemical
and petrochemical industries.
The new product design consists of a proximity indicator and
wireless transmitter integrated with an EPRV. The indicator
senses movement of the emergency vent.
Open or closed signals are received by the wireless
transmitter and can be sent to a control room via a WirelessHart
gateway.
Emerson Process Managements product manager Steve Attri
says: Though EPRVs represent the last line of defence against
Pentair brings new series of pressure

tank overpressure, they have largely remained unmonitored.
Along with the recent introduction of wirelessly-monitored
and vacuum relief valves to market

pressure vacuum relief vents more information is now available to
quickly identify and resolve pressure issues that can impact safety
and emissions.
The new Anderson Greenwood 4000 Series of pressure and vacuum
relief valves, compliant with the latest API 2000 standard, has been
launched by Pentair Valves and Controls.
These valves are the first high capacity full lift valves verified to meet the
requirements of the 7th edition of API 2000, which covers normal and
emergency vapour venting requirements for bulk liquid storage tanks.
They provide increased flow capacities and will fully open at 10% over-
pressure, helping protect tanks from physical damage caused by internal
pressure fluctuations. This means the valves can be set more closely
to a storage tanks maximum allowable working pressure or maximum
allowable working vacuum.
The valves remain closed longer and enhance flow capacity, resulting in
increased productivity and reduced evaporation.
The range is available in weight or spring-loaded designs and comes in
two to 12 inch sizes.

TECHNICAL NEWS
European-wide insulation projects

underway for Belfa
Belgian-based Belfaconstruct is working on several tank insulation projects across Europe as insula-
tion and cladding deliver proven cost savings for operators.
The company, which launched in 2011, is about to in works distinguishes us from other companies
embark on insulation works at McCains production and allows us to move on the market with a sharper
plants in Lelystad, in the Netherlands, and Harnes, price.
France, and has just completed the insulation of six What has also changed is the demand for
steel tanks in Locmin, France. greater flexibility, which we have built into our
Additionally, Belfaconstruct is also underway with operations.
its first UK project in Nottinghamshire for the clad- Tank insulation is one of the last steps in the pro-
ding of two concrete tanks and will begin a project cess of building tanks. We come on site last and our
in January 2017 for the insulation and cladding of 15 works are the finishing touch to the project so the
steel tanks in Norway. cladding is the aesthetic part. The cutouts and metal
Belfaconstruct specliaises in the construction roofs are carefully made and produced on site.
and insulation of steel tanks, and the cladding of The company is highly-focused on safety and in
concrete tanks, all over Europe. addition to running safety courses for its workers,
In response to companies facing greater con- every worker has a VCA certificate and are certified
straints on their budgets as larger projects struggle to work on heights and to build scaffoldings.
to get the necessary financing after the economic Boonen adds: Through our close connection with
crisis in 2009, Belfaconstruct offers greater project an established company, we can quickly put all the
flexibility and detailed preparation before arriving necessary papers in place to start works in a new
on site to ensure works are completed swiftly and country.
efficiently. We try to be flexible, modern and efficient in
Owner Bert Boonen says: The speed difference every way.
Additive Injection
Loading Systems
Blending
Vapour Recovery
Access Solutions
+44 (0) 1329 284145

sales@FlotechPS.com
www.FlotechPS.com Find us on Stand 58 at
the Tank Storage Conference & Exhibition

TECHNICAL NEWS
Ergil to supply heat Fort Vale launches new version of Safeload API
exchangers for bottom loading coupler
Kazakhstan refinery Fort Vale is launching a new version of its loading coupler with an aluminium handle.
The new handle reduces the mechanical effort required to open and close the poppet during
Ergil has been assigned to supply 11 heat
service. It has a grab handle to make it even quicker to manoeuvre the coupler onto the tank adaptor
exchangers to the Atyrau Refinery Deep Oil
and a non-slip ball for extra safety during actuation.
Refining Complex project. The third biggest
Whilst the handle is rugged, it is lightweight and is an available option across the entire Safeload
refinery in Kazakhstan has a capacity of
API range.
16,600 m3/day.
The company says that its coupler improves safety and keep maintenance requirements minimal.
The company worked with Jsc Ogcc Extended triggers cover more than 60% of the adaptor circumference, improving connection and
Kazstroyservice to secure the project. reducing wear on the adaptor.
Ergil will supply shell and tube heat exchanger A splined spindle offers greater engagement and strength to the handle and internal components
to KSS. The shell and tube types have been than traditional pins. Safeload has internal compression springs which are more durable. The actu-
designed and manufactured at Ergils facility in ating springs are also internal and are there-
Turkey. fore not vulnerable to damage or corrosion.
Diethanolamine (DEA) regenerator reboiler, The coupler underwent rigorous testing
methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) regenerator in various settings and environments. At the
reboiler, reboiler sour water stripping (SWS), beginning of 2016 the company launched its
hydrogenation cooler, stripped water trim new Safeload loading arm system, of which
cooler are the heat exchanger types that would the key component is the balance mech-
be supplied. anism, which is manufactured in stainless
The minimum design pressure was 4.6/ FV steel instead of traditional cast steel with a
Kg/cm2 and maximum was 15.4/ FV Kg/cm2 for coated finish
shell type heat exchanger and for tube type Euan Fisher, business development man-
heat exchanger minimum was 4.2 kg/cm2 and ager for petroleum products says: One client
maximum was 20/ FV kg/cm2. These are some has over 150 couplers in daily service and
of the designing standards adopted to design has had zero maintenance issues after seven
the heat exchangers for KSS. years constant heavy use.

TECHNICAL NEWS
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The October/November issue of Tank Storage Magazine

global
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services companies with extensive international experience rt tail
will explore the German tank storage market, the largest AND MIND
services companies with extensive international experience
offering fully integrated engineering design, procurement, S AN , PRES Site Survey
offering fully integrated engineering design, procurement, LNG D GA SURIZ
construction (EPC) and maintenance services to the oil and
construction (EPC) and maintenance services to the oil and Rotary is ISO 9001,
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gas, petroleum, petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. ISO FL14001, Che and is listed D HE
gas, petroleum, petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. Rotary is ISO 9001, EX Exchange
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its mark as a global player. Established in 1972, Rotary has EPC for bulk liquid storage terminals
its mark as a global player. Established in 1972, Rotary has
forged a reputation built on its hallmark traits of providing
EPC for bulk liquid storage terminals
Revolu LOAD RT NS Smart Ground Testing
EPC for offsite & utilities tion
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consumer and importer of oil in western Europe and home

forged a reputation built on its hallmark traits of providing ary effi
STORAGE NEED
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quality services, within budget, safely and on-time delivery.
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Civil, structural & building works
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Singapore remains a key market for Rotary while it actively seeks Maintenance of process plants & facilities
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12
business opportunities overseas, Rotary has subsidiaries and WW W.K
associate companies in Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Modules fabrication AN ON
to the largest number of tank terminals in Europe.

associate companies in Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Modules fabrication
Issue
.NL
Volume 12 Issue No.2

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TSM April-May Gatefold cover 2016.indd 2-5 .indd 2

ver_June-July
TSM_Front_co
It will feature extensive analysis on the dynamics in this

market as well as the latest storage terminal and technical
developments as well as in-depth operator interviews.
The magazine is the official publication for Tank Storage

Germany and will be handed to EVERY visitor and delegate
at the show.
It will also be distributed at:
Intermodal Europe, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Argus Africa Storage & Logistics, Cape Town,
South Africa
Oil Terminal, Saint Petersburg, Russia
CONTACT US TODAY TO SECURE
YOUR ADVERTISING POSITION:
Editorial topics to include: David Kelly
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Spill control, emergency response and remediation E: david@tankstoragemag.com
Leak detection in tanks and pipelines T: +44 (0)20 8843 8161
Fire prevention
FOR EDITORIAL ENQUIRIES CONTACT:
Ground preparation Jasmin McDermott
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Advertising deadline: 5th October
Part of
TECHNICAL FEATURES l COATINGS REMOVAL
ROBOTICS AND INDUCTION

HERALD GREENER TANK
REFURBISHMENT
RPR Technologies combines a patented induction technology and robotics to reduce cost,
down time and the environmental impact of tank refurbishment
R
PR Technologies combines a patented induction technology and robotics to 02
reduce cost, down time and the environmental impact of tank refurbishment
Every year there are millions of square meters of coated steel surface in
storage tanks across the globe that require refurbishing. Estimates suggest that
Europe along accounts for 12-15 million m2.
Stripping of protective coating is traditionally carried out using manual or robotic
abrasive blasting or UHP water. These technologies require large quantities of
energy and processing grit or water. Refurbishment expenses, extended down
time and waste handling represent a considerable cost to storage tank owners and
management. In addition to the economic impacts, the traditional stripping methods
leave a heavy CO2 footprint, risk of local contamination and health hazards to opera-
tors and workers.
COATINGS REMOVAL BY INDUCTION

Induction heating for coatings removal on steel substrates is an appealing alternative
that is rapidly gaining recognition. RPR Technologies AS, with their unique patented
solutions, provides a range of induction paint removal systems. The technology 01 With induction heating the coating can easily be
scrapped off
operates by transferring high frequency electric currents to magnetic steel by moving
an inductor head over the surface, facilitating a localised controlled and fast heating of 02 RPR induction system
the steel. This results in a fast disbonding of most types of coatings with thickness up 03 Robotics for vertical applications
to 20-25 mm. The RPR system requires a minimum steel thickness of 5 mm to avoid
damage on the backside coatings or insulation material used. 04 Minimised waste disposal
01
COATING TYPES AND DISPOSAL
While the technology can be used on most paints and
coatings it is particularly efficient on thick and resilient
systems where one would have to use large quantities
of grit or water, or even chisel to remove otherwise.
The RPR induction system can remove most type
of coatings like GRP, reinforced epoxy, 3LPE, PFP, anti-
skid (Epoxies) and thick rubber coatings.
Easy containment and no contaminated deposits
of sand or water make induction not only practical on
tough surfaces but also on coatings containing haz-
ardous substances like asbestos, lead or PCB. Unlike
blasting methods, induction does not break the coating
into small particles, but it rather comes off in strips and
flakes for easy bagging and containment.

TECHNICAL FEATURES l COATINGS REMOVAL
03 electric trolley for tank floor and lower wall section was
tested in three different tanks ranging from 28 to 70
meters in diameter and proved to be at least twice as
fast as sand blasting. Surface coatings; coal tar epoxy
(600 microns), solvent free epoxy (1000 microns) and
amine cured epoxy (500 microns) were cleaned down
to the zink silicate or iron oxide primer. The stripping
rates of thick GRP, epoxy and polyurethane coatings,
often found inside storage tanks, are according to
RPRs findings two to five times higher than conven-
tional methods. The tougher and thicker the coatings is,
the more efficient RPRs induction system reportedly
becomes compared to other systems.
New coatings can often be applied directly over RPR-
treated surfaces, but in certain cases a quick sweep
blast may be necessary to achieve required cleanliness
and/or specified surface profile. Nonetheless even
when sweep blasting is warranted, using RPR induction
will still be a significantly more cost-effective solution.
Paint stripping inside storage tanks generally require
up to 100 kilograms sand per m2 that needs to be man-
aged through the manhole.
ECO INNOVATION THE GREENTANK PROJECT Removal via RPR induction does not add any waste
Based on the environmentally-friendly properties of the RPR Induction technology, or contaminated water and thus greatly reduces
the European Commission has, through its eco innovation program, granted funding handling, transport and disposal costs. Energy wasted
to co-finance a project called GreenTank. The project intends to develop the RPR on transport and processing is one thing, another is the
induction system for removal of coatings in storage tanks with focus on environment, actual energy consumption in use. According to the
health, safety, time and costs. The GreenTank project consortium consists of RPR Norwegian National Institute of Technology, the typical
Technologies, OFTEC GmbH and Jak. J. Alveberg AS. consumption of the induction system is 25-30% to that
Less disposal and reduced handling/transport benefits the environment. Health of abrasive blasting or UHP water.
hazards such as noise and harmful particles/dust in the air are greatly reduced, Adding to the merits of induction are quiet operation
requiring less need for protective gear and rendering induction equipment safer in and safer working environment for the operator and
use. Other benefits are increased stripping rates per hour, more efficient working co-workers. Airborne particles and gas emissions are
conditions and shorter down time. very low and the work can be done in tanks simulta-
The cost reduction comes from reduced logistics and waste handling, shorter neously with inspection and other maintenance work
down time, higher removal rates, reduced energy costs and fewer man hours. By taking place.
replicating the use of RPR induction heating combined with elements of robotic
platforms used in competitive methods, the project aims to double the stripping
rate and reduce energy consumption with more than 50%.
The eco-innovation initiative bridges the gap between research and the market. It
encourages innovative ideas for new products, services and processes that protect FOR MORE INFORMATION
the environment and helps them become fully-fledged commercial prospects, ready This article was written by Tommy Gabe, RPR
for use by business and industry. Technologies sales manager, tg@rprtech.com and Hans
In doing so the initiative not only helps the EU meet its environmental objectives Petter Engejordet, RPR Technologies marketing and sales
but also boosts economic growth. Eco-innovation is about reducing the industrys director, hpe@rprtech.com at RPR. www.rprtech.com.
environmental impact and making
better use of resources.
In terms of tank refurbishment, the
GreenTank project meets all these 04
objectives. RPR Technologies now
offers optimised solutions for storage
tanks where the induction heads
are mounted to robotics and electric
trollies with vertical support. These
automated aids are in particular ideal
for removal of difficult coatings on tank
floor and lower wall section, securing
a consistent predictable result and
alleviating work load for the operators.
RPR INDUCTION IN ACTION

The latest GreenTank demonstration
was done at Repsol Petronor Refinery
in Bilbao in April 2016. With a capacity
of 220,000 barrels/day, Petronor is one
of Spains largest refineries.
The RPR induction system with

TECHNICAL FEATURES l XXXXXX XXXXXX

TECHNICAL FEATURES l FLOATING ROOFS
NAVIGATING THE
SPECTRUM OF INTERNAL
FLOATING ROOFS
I
nternal floating roofs (IFRs) have been used a lot, especially if multiple tanks are being
and proven for many decades in storage built simultaneously, as the tank builder can
tanks all over the world. Over the years var- concentrate on tank shells.
ious types of IFRs have emerged in the market It is nevertheless very important to use an
and whilst focusing on different aspects, all experienced and trustworthy supplier who
comply to API 650, Appendix H. guarantees a proper functioning of the IFR
There are various options for end users during its life cycle. The costs of down time
who opt for a low maintenance IFR made of are much higher than the cost of the IFR, if it
aluminum alloy or stainless steel. There are needs to be dismantled or modified later on.
various factors to consider when deciding
which IFR to use. Stainless steel
The most adaptive material to potentially
CHOICE OF MATERIALS changing storage products is stainless steel.
There are several material choices available Due to its relatively high price it is mainly
01
between carbon steel, stainless steel, alu- used for corrosive products, or in the case of
minum alloy and lately GRE. biofuels, for just those parts of the IFR that are
01 Detail of VaconoDeck AL-P QE2 (aluminium
pontoon type deck) in direct contact with the liquid.
Carbon steel 02 VaconoDeck SS-FC QE2 (full contact stainless steel
This is the oldest and still very common deck) GRE
material found in IFRs. It can be supplied by the 03 Detail of VaconoDeck AL-FC QE (full contact
2 This can be provided in various qualities to
same tank builders who have built the storage aluminium deck) comply with the stored product. Its low degree
tank and it is welded and has to comply to the 04 VaconoDeck SS-FC QE2 from the top view of prefabrication requires a skilled workforce
same welding standards as storage tanks. It is
robust yet flexible and suitable for virtually all 02
storage products.
Building an IFR in carbon steel takes quite
some time and a lot of expertise on site as all
the manufacturing and fitting is done there.
Also, carbon steel needs regular mainte-
nance to control corrosion. This can lead to
unpleasant down times.
Aluminum
The lightest and ultimately cheapest option,
aluminum is suitable for almost all storage prod-
ucts used in the industry. There are limitations
in terms of corrosion resistance against sulfur,
demineralised water and certain aggressive
chemicals.
The biggest advantage of aluminum
emerges during installation. These decks are
usually prefabricated in the manufacturers
workshop and can be bolted together on
site from crews under the manufacturers
supervision. This speeds up the installation

on site, which may not (yet) be available every-

where. Also, this metal oriented industry has
very little experience with plastic materials. It
thus may be quite difficult for a purchaser to
present the correct specification.
FULL CONTACT
A basic choice in design has to be made
between the so called full contact decks and
pontoon type decks.
Full contact decks are fully immersed
into the product and have no vapour phase
between the product and the IFR.
Pontoon-type decks however only have
their floating pontoons wetted in the product,
with the skin that acts as vapour barrier a few
inches over the product level, thus leaving a
certain amount of vapour space between the
deck and the product.
The main advantage of skin and pontoon
decks is probably the low material and instal-
lation cost, and it can usually be brought into
03
the tank through the tank manhole, whereas
full contact IFRs usually have much larger
parts that need additional entry doors or roof pan type deck. It has multiple flotation com- install, also as retrofit, as it fits through the
openings. partments and qualifies for rim foam systems tank manhole. It is the most cost efficient
in NFPA but it does not provide protection option compared to all other designs, it is very
EASY INSPECTION against product or water from the top, as light weight and yet flexible to accommodate
Another important design aspect is the ability eventually the open top floaters will keep the movement of the stored product.
to verify if there floaters are gas free when liquid on the top side without the possibility As it is not in full contact with the product,
a tank inspection is due with hot work in the to drain it. The design is rather simple though the proper design of the structure, including
tank. Different manufacturers have introduced and therefore not very expensive. This type of the clamping systems, is very important.
different designs, especially for the full contact IFR is usually made of carbon steel, but there With around 5,000 installations worldwide,
decks. are designs in stainless steel as well as in the pontoon type Vaconodeck is one of the
Foam filled panels make it nearly impossible aluminum. most well-known products in the market.
to properly identify gas in them. The so called The most common design for IFRs made A subject of great debate concerns the
honey comb aluminum panels need special from carbon steel has peripheral closed-top sandwich-panel/composite IFR. It is an array
vapour permeable honey comb cells to make bulk-headed compartments and other closed of different full contact designs made from
an inspection possible. In reality though this compartments distributed over the surface if aluminum. It may include honeycomb or foam
will be quite difficult. required. This option ensures proper oper- cores for stability. This design combines the
The best option would be empty floaters ation under virtually all conditions, allows typical advantages of aluminum, such as very
where no gas can be trapped. This would drainage of product on the top side and offers low maintenance cost, high level of prefabri-
apply for pontoons as well as for certain good inspection possibilities of the flotation cation and easy installability with a full contact
makes of aluminum or stainless steel full compartment through inspection hatches on and robust design usually know from carbon
contact decks. the top side. The downside of this design is steel decks.
Single deck open top IFRs can also be found the weight, the subsequent loss of storage Vaconos product comes with a solid alu-
made from aluminum. They provide ultimate volume and ultimately the cost. minum framework fitted with pressure tested
visibility for trapped product but are subject to Another option is the double-deck with con- rectangular floaters. The floaters are empty
flooding from the top. tinuous closed top and bottom decks, which with neither foam nor honeycomb structures,
Usually, you will find (old) pan type steel contain various compartments. which allows easy detection of combustible
IFRs, which are rarely used these days as they All of those four designs are designed as full gases in the floaters. Also, the amount of weld
do not have multiple flotation compartments contact decks which are in full contact with seam in the product is reduced by 99% com-
and do not qualify as IFR in NFPA. the liquid surface. pared to welded honeycomb designs.
A different type of IFR is the open-top bulk- The IFR on floats is the most widely spread One aspect that has emerged recently, and
headed design, which is an evolution of the design for aluminum decks. It is easy to mainly in the US, is the focus on welded vs
clamped deck seams. The potential leak from
DIFFERENT DESIGNS OF INTERNAL FLOATING ROOFS clamped seams is regarded as quite important
by the Environmental Protection Agency who
Carbon Steel Aluminum SS GRE Full contact Not full contact define the emissions for IFRs. As there are
Pan type X X quite different approaches in the market from
different manufacturers it is probably quite
Open-top bulk-head X X X X
simplistic to come this digital approach.
Closed-top bulk-head X X The difficulty starts when it comes to
Double-deck X X welding nonferrous metals in a tank environ-
ment. Various installations by otherwise estab-
IFR on floats X X X
lished manufacturers have shown unexpected
Sandwich-panel IFR X X X
difficulties. Also, aluminum weld seams have

quite different mechanical properties than 04

carbon steel welds. The future will show if
this approach can be maintained success-
fully, especially with a shortage of aluminum
welders available in the market.
From a manufacturers point of view this
development goes in the wrong direction as
it forces both users and suppliers to adopt
solutions that lack a proper quality control just
to improve the permitting situation.
As a user there are choices to be made
beyond price or install time and cost. The
expected operating life of an internal floating
roof should equal the tanks life cycle. So it is
quite worthwhile to invest some time to find
out what the requirements really are today and
tomorrow.
Serious and reasonable IFR manufacturers
should be able and competent partners to
discuss suitable options before the budgets
are made. In the end every solutions bears its
ups and downs and there is no such thing as
black and white for this choice.

This article was written by Marco Micelli,
CEO at Vacono Aluminium Covers.
vacono@vacono.com
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D352254X012 2016 Emerson Process Management Regulator Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. 06/16.
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TECHNICAL FEATURES l SAFETY
INVESTING IN SAFE
ACCESS AND LOADING
ARMS BEST PRACTICE
L
oadtec Engineered Systems first dis-
tributor training event in Italy provided a
comprehensive overview of the nuances
of the safe access and loading arms industry.
Tank Storage Magazine was invited along to
gain a greater understanding of the companys
operations
Continued and long-term investment in edu-
cation and industry best practice in safe access
and fall prevention systems sits at the heart of
Loadtec Engineered Systems business model.
The growth of the company in the provision
of fall prevention systems and fluid transfer
solutions has prompted a growth in its distrib-
utor network to span the Americas, Europe, the 01
Middle East and Asia.
To ensure consistent product knowledge
delivery as well as to keep up to date with the including various technical parameters that This was followed by a talk about safety and
latest market trends affecting the bulk liquid need to be considered, tanker sizes, tide levels fall prevention systems. Keeler highlighted
storage industry company executives organised as well as manual or hydraulically powered real-life, operational examples of an inherent
a distributor training event at their collaborative operations. lack of understanding surrounding safety and
partner Zipfluids factory in Bologna to give an Keeler then went on to explain the fun- fall prevention systems as well as how the
overview of their product line as well as key damentals of loading arms, including the company is working to address these deficits
industry themes. companys range of Zip-Load loading arms for with their range of solutions including the multi
Loadtec managing director Alec Keeler the chemical and industrial markets as well as modal elevating safety access system.
explains: It is critical when working in exacting the companys core principles behind these In addition, Loadtecs latest venture, Loadtec
environments that our staff and representatives products. Service, a new division of the company pro-
understand the clients problems and have the
confidence to question the validity of the brief 01 Delegates
they are given. Giving them that confidence 02
are given
comes from close support, training and devel- demonstrations
of various loading
opment of their skills. arms
We are committed to a long-term plan of
02Alec Keeler
education and close support of our field agents. demonstrates the
Familiarisation within the factory and our tilting multimodal
in-house team is important, but this has to be access system
complimented with regional training events to 03 Handling a

understand the nuances of culture and level of loading arm
technical development in their home countries. 04 A vintage Ferrari
The two day training and networking event at the Righini
Collection
in Bologna underlined these principles with
presentations on the specifics of marine loading
arms by head of marine Martin Dicke-Knitz

TECHNICAL FEATURES l SAFETY
There have been a lot of companies coming well as a tour of historical Bologna.
to the market that are driving prices down On the second day, as part of the networking
for equipment but not offering the total care event, distributors were given a tour of the pri-
package. vate Righini Collection, which comprises a rare
Customers have been disappointed, initially and unique collection of classical, vintage cars.
they get low capital cost but paying a high life-
time cost. We dont think that is morally right
and we would like to be in it for the long haul.
We want to be involved at concept and
consulting stage, to provide the best quality
technical solution and to go on and support our
products through their lifetime.
In addition to the companys new division
it has also very recently acquired a majority
share in Incontrol Projects, a loading and access
equipment service, maintenance and repair
company in the UK.
Keeler adds: We have already worked
03 together as far afield as Russia, Bangladesh and
Saudi Arabia, with great success. Incontrol have
viding servicing and support for road, rail and also built some amazing systems for us in the
marine loading and access equipment was also last few years so the natural development of
discussed in greater detail. that is to join forces.
04
Led by Dicke-Knitz and Rob Williams, Distributors were given a tour of the Zipfluid
Loadtec Service will plug a gap in the service factory. There were working demonstrations
industry according to Keeler. of various loading arms for different applica-
He adds: We have seen a huge shift in the tions as well as a wide range of safe access
capital purchasing of goods where there is still equipment.
a lot going on but customers are more wary of In the evening distributors were treated to FOR MORE INFORMATION
investing in something that is a short-lived item. a gala dinner at the Circolo della Caccia club as www.loadtec.co.uk
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+46 (0) 31 49 34 60

TECHNICAL FEATURES l EMISSIONS
LOWERING STORAGE
TANK EMISSIONS
S
torage tank vapour emissions 01 Examples of tank storage the remaining emission sources. Tank operations such as tank cleaning,
have experienced significant installation and repairs initial filling and unscheduled maintenance activities can produce a sub-
reductions over the past 30 02 Exmples of current in-service stantial amount of hydrocarbon vapours. In order to mitigate emissions
years. Regulatory requirements have repair options from these activities conventional practices should be challenged and
driven a host of tank upgrades now replaced with use of better technologies, operational and maintenance
03 Tank vapour emission
available to the industry. Upgrades reductions have been driven by practices.
include internal floating roofs, external regulatory changes Due to the migration by the industry to APIs-653 internal inspection
floating roofs, guide pole sleeves, program, one could make an argument that increasing the frequency
double seals, liquid mounted mechan- of internal tank inspections has actually increased emissions from tank
ical shoe seals, closed loop sample desludging, cleaning and gas freeing operations. That being said no one
systems, inert gas blanket pads and would or should challenge the benefits to the environment by industries
vapour recovery systems. adherence to API-653 inspection and repair program.
In addition, updated tank moni- In an effort to combat the increased frequency of tank cleanings, sev-
toring systems, use of overfill alarms eral US states have placed specific requirements on tank cleaning oper-
and operating procedures have further ations in an effort to minimise vapour emissions. Use of vapour burning
reduced vapour emissions by better engines, thermal oxidisers, portable condensers, charcoal adsorptions
product level monitoring, required packs and scrubbers have worked to some extent on specific clean
scheduled seal inspections as well as product tanks where the tank atmosphere can be displaced rapidly,
minimising poor past practices like: although less harmful emissions from the destruction of hydrocarbon
emptying tanks for extended periods, (HC) vapors can still occur.
routine product stripping and refilling However minimising HC vapour emissions from black/crude oil
operations, overfilling of tanks and storage tank cleanings can be much more difficult as bottom sludge
so on. continually emits (HC) vapours when disturbed during cleaning/mining
Lowering of tank emissions from operations that can takes weeks to complete. Due to the challenges,
this point forward is a challenge as duration and cost of cleaning black/crude oil tanks, little headway has
most of the larger emission sources been made toward reduction of emissions from this activity.
have been addressed. To achieve fur-
ther reductions will require examining MINIMISING EMISSIONS
The good news is, there are cleaning technologies, methods, practices,
01
available to industry that can, and do, minimise black/crude oil tank emis-
sions. Submerged jet mixing (SJM), solvent selection extraction (SSE)
and chemical cleaning (CC) are a few proven technologies that are cost
effective and work.
These cleaning methods typically do not require extended opening
of the tank as the solids/sludge are diluted, dissolved and liquefied for
pump out of the tank as a liquid product. Once the sludge has been
liquefied and pumped from the tank a more typical cleaning can take
place similar to clean product tanks. An added advantage of the SJM
system is the jet mixers can be permanently installed for future use of
routine desludging and scheduled cleaning without the need for opening
up of the tank.
Lastly, unscheduled repairs and associated tank cleanings in many
cases can be avoided all together by making in-service repairs. There
are new proven cost effective repair technologies available to industry
that allow for safely making engineered long term repairs to in-service
tanks that have the integrity to keep the tank in service until its next
scheduled API-653 internal inspection. Friction forge bonding (FFB) is

TECHNICAL FEATURES l EMISSIONS
02
one such technology that success-
fully bonds metal studs to tank roof
Reduction in or shell plate. Once the studs are

installed an engineered gasketed lap
tank emissions patch plate is bolted in place. This

in-service repair method restores
has come a integrity to the leaking or weakened

area of the tank in a similar manner
long way due that a welded lap patch repair does

only without need of conventional
to regulatory welding.
In summary it should be noted that
driven reduction in tank emissions has come
a long way due to regulatory driven
innovative innovative technologies over the
years. The combination of drivers and
technologies innovation should continue as newer
and more innovative technologies
continue to evolve.
03

This article was written by Robert
Buckley, tank T/A strategist and con-
sultant at Buckley Ventures.
Asia
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contact for our customers. This true EPC approach is possible because we have a vast
global network of engineering, procurement, fabrication and construction resources that
allow us to quickly mobilize people, material and equipment wherever they are needed.
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TECHNICAL FEATURES l CONTAINMENT
ALL IN ONE ARMOUR FOR

SECONDARY CONTAINMENT
A revolutionary new secondary containment bund
lining solution is a world first in tank storage
T
here have broadly been two approaches to creating secondary within the petrochemical sector to provide erosion control to secondary
containment bunds within tank storage facilities, hard and soft. containment bunds and remediation of cracked concrete for applications
The hard solution is the construction of a hard faced structure such as relining extinguishing ponds.
(typically concrete) which offers long term durability but is logistically The ability to be unrolled in the same manner as a geosynthetic
complex and expensive to install. The soft solution is the use of a product and then set hard to form a concrete surface with a design life
geomembrane liner, which is relatively easy to install, but needs to be of more than 50 years is a unique quality in the material. The standard
buried and therefore often requires importing expensive fill materials. product does however have its limitations, the CC joint provides limited
CC Hydro is a new material from Concrete Canvas, which offers a impermeability and cannot be easily leak tested. That means its use,
different approach. It can be unrolled and jointed as easily as a conven- until now, has been limited primarily to erosion control rather than for
tional geomembrane liner, but it has an integrated protective concrete containment applications.
layer on one side, thus eliminating the need for burial.
CC Hydro is the second generation of a new class of materials THE FIRST ALL-IN-ONE ARMOURED CONTAINMENT LINER
known as GCCMs (geosynthetic cementitious composite mats). CC Hydro is designed to address that limitation, combining standard CC
Broadly speaking GCCMs are concrete impregnated fabrics which can with a high impermeability (1x10-12m/s), chemically resistant geomem-
be unrolled over any surface, sprayed with water and then 24 hours later brane liner laminated onto the rear surface. CC Hydro can provide the
set hard to form a hard wearing, durable, fibre reinforced concrete layer. same level of impermeability in containment applications as a conven-
Essentially it is concrete on a roll. tional geomembrane but has an integrated protective concrete surface as
The first generation of GCCMs, known simply as Concrete Canvas, part of the package.
are a finely tuned composite consisting of a 3-dimensional polymeric By contrast, conventional geomembranes typically require 0.3-0.5m
matrix, filled with a high early strength, dry concrete mix. The result is a of top cover (often expensive imported fill) to protect them from UV
range of flexible fabric from 5 to 13mm thick, in roll lengths up to 200m. degradation, puncture and the effects of weathering. The logistical and
time savings benefits of eliminating top cover are enormous, not to
MARKET mention the safety benefits of reducing plant and personnel movements
Standard Concrete Canvas (CC) is used in the construction sector for ero- in a high risk environment such as a petrochemical plant.
sion control applications such as lining water channels, protecting slopes A key feature of CC Hydro is that it incorporates a high visibility
and providing weed suppression. More recently it has been adopted welding strip along one edge. This allows the product to be thermally
01

TECHNICAL FEATURES l CONTAINMENT
01 Secondary containment bund lining with CC Hydro

02
02 CC Hydro welding strip with high visibility blue geomembrane
03 A pallet of CC Hydro containing 150 sqm of material
04 Unrolling CC Hydro prior to welding and hydration
has excellent resistance across a broad range of hydrocarbons often a

key challenge when polymers meet hydrocarbons.
It also incorporates a high tensile reinforcement scrim embedded in
the membrane, this gives the material a high level of puncture and tear
resistance as well as adding stiffness.
The system has already completed a raft of national and international
tests standards including long term durability and fire certification tests.
Concrete is inherently far more fire resistant than conventional geo-
synthetics, allowing CC to be assessed against building materials such
as concrete and plaster board. Under the European Norm for building
material CC achieved a Euroclass B classification, the second highest
level achievable. In addition, CC Hydro has been tested to and passed
the Canadian national standard for flammability of secondary contain-
ment liners with a zero burn time.
BENEFITS
In the past there have broadly been two approaches, a hard structure,
such as poured or precast slabs of concrete, often onto a trapezoidal
earth berm. Or a flexible geomembrane liner buried deep within the bund
to protect it from the effects of weather, UV and puncture.
Both of these approaches require large amounts of plant, personnel
and time. Pre-cast or poured concrete offers long term durability
but is logistically complex, subject to weather conditions and costly.
Geomembrane liners are generally seen as fast and easy to install but
03 require large amounts of earth works and often expensive imported fill
to provide top cover.
CC Hydro offers a new approach. It can be unrolled and jointed as easily
04
as a conventional liner system but provides the long term protection and
durability of a concrete structure. This has the added benefit when reme-
diating existing infrastructure in that it can be laid directly onto an existing
bund profile without any additional excavation works. Also, because CC
Hydro is the only surface lying containment product, it is easy to inspect
post-installation even several years after the contractors have finished.
All joints are fully visible and any damage can by identified and repaired and
re-tested, with nothing hidden from view, providing the terminal operator
with peace of mind that they comply with current regulations.
There is also a final benefit that comes when considering the total life
cycle costs. A standard earth covered bund for example, will normally
require a high degree of ongoing maintenance. In arid climates this may
be in the form of annual re-profile to combat the effects of weathering
and erosion. In northern European climates, root growing vegetation will
necessitate an annual de-veg (as a minimum) to limit potential fire haz-
ards. Longer term, at end-of-life, any top cover may also contain hidden
costs at the point of disposal. If the material is classified as contami-
nated fill it will require processing, even if the facility can show that it
welded using the same techniques as conventional geomembranes. hasnt had any documented leak events. This is a significant cost when
This also has the advantage of allowing installation with an existing consider the volume of fill material laid over membranes in a typical tank
thermal welding contractor with only minimal additional training. The storage facility.
twin track weld for jointing CC Hydro layers together works by welding
two parallel seams along each joint to create an air channel; and this is CONCLUSION
then pressurised to ensure joint integrity and continuous impermeable The geomembrane market has remained relatively static over the last
across the containment surface. decade, with modest product innovations over the years. By combining
In many ways the geomembrane backing is an innovation in itself, a containment liner and hard armour protection into a single product,
developed in close partnership with one of the worlds leading geomem- Concrete Canvas has made a product which is as easy to install as a liner
brane manufacturers. Its distinct colour bright blue allows any and as durable as concrete.
uncovered areas, around joints or interfaces with upstands to be easily
identified on site and addressed during installation, to ensure the mem- FOR MORE INFORMATION
brane has complete protection. Significant development time has been This article was written by Will Crawford, director at Concrete Canvas.
invested in the polymer chemistry, in order to create a material which Will.crawford@concretecanvas.com


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TECHNICAL FEATURES l LNG LOADING ARMS
LNG: THE ENERGY OF

TOMORROW
O
ne of the most pressing challenges today are issues relating to
01
energy. A growing world population with rising living stand-
ards requires more and more advances in energy supply and
efficiency.
According to the International Energy Agency, the demand for energy
across the world is projected to grow by 1.4% a year to 2035. A cor-
nerstone of the energy supply, natural gas is the fastest growing fossil
fuel at 1.8% per annum and is recognised as being part of a sustainable
energy future.
With a significant portion of the worlds natural gas resources located
far from any market and considered stranded, couple with the fact that
transporting gas by pipeline can be costly and impractical, it is more
economical to transform the natural gas into LNG for transport by ship,
road and rail.
Created by cooling natural gas to -163C, LNG is a clear, colourless
and non-toxic liquid, 600 times smaller than natural gas. It can be trans-
ported safely and delivered efficiently in its liquefied form, by specially
02
designed LNG tankers, or from country to country or across continents,
through a network of pipelines.
THE RISE OF LNG

Vice president/general manager of Emco Wheaton Michael ONeil says:
The development of LNG in the global marketplace has expanded
massively, with eastern Asia the largest part of the market, accounting
for 50% of the total global demand for LNG. In addition countries such as
China and India are facing more pressure to bring carbon emissions down
by a shift away from coal.
As the worlds second largest importer of LNG behind Japan, South
Korea is planning LNG bunkering terminals at all the countrys major
ports. It is also aiming to dominate the market for building ships fueled
by both oil and gas.
The Singapore government is also expanding gas infrastructure
and investing heavily in LNG. With plans to become Asias LNG hub,
01 LNG will feature more prominently in the future as a fuel for both shipping and
Singapore is developing a second LNG and port terminal to ensure there transport sectors
is spare capacity to be able to cater to new imports over time.
According to the EY Global Oil and Gas Centre, the LNG market is 02 Emco Wheatons marine loading arm has been used at Petrobrass Bahia
Regasification Terminal in Salvador
expected to reach 650 million tonnes per year within the next ten years.
Compared to natural gas, which has grown at 2.7% since 2000, LNG To meet growing supply and demand across the LNG industry,
has eclipsed that with growth of 7.6% over the same period. LNG is Gardner Denver Energy brand Emco Wheaton has continuously
clearly set to be the fuel which will help fill this gap and bring about developed safe and reliable LNG transfer solutions which have reduced
greater demand. costs in all components of the LNG value chain. The range includes
the LNG loading arm, which has been designed for the bottom loading
MEETING THE NEEDS OF THE LNG INDUSTRY and unloading of road or rail tankers and the marine loading arm, for
The emergence of new areas with tremendous supply potential has been the loading and unloading of LNG product from river barges, ships and
one of the most striking changes in the LNG industry over the past three ocean going super tankers.
years. Gardner Denver has undertaken extensive research on LNG as a Engineering and design are constantly improved to ensure the safety
fuel and has implemented a range of projects with industry partners. LNG and security of LNG terminals and ships. LNG is stored at an ambient
is set to thrive in both the shipping and transport sectors. temperature so that a tank rupture will not cause an explosion. When

TECHNICAL FEATURES l LNG LOADING ARMS
LNG spills on the ground or in water it vaporises quickly and leaves can be operated at pressures up to 130 bar with a hydraulic QC/DC
behind no residues. It can ignite as it vaporises but only if there is a (quick connect/disconnect) coupler. To ensure safe operation, an inte-
source of ignition. grated safety feature will allow the rapid and automatic release of the
While the LNG industry has created an enviable track record of safety loading arm from the ship in the event of an emergency.
in operations and transport, complacency should not be seen as a As well as being able to handle the high pressure, the loading arm
barrier to innovation and development across the supply chain and it is had to be designed such that a maximum arm availability throughout the
imperative that all parties conform to the same high level of attention to lifetime of the unit can be guaranteed. This was one of the key require-
safety. ments of the customer as the CNG arm is the only available interface
to the shore based gas pipeline. A failure or even short unavailability
THE TRANSFER ENERGY SOLUTION of the unit would result in a shutdown of the regasification vessel and
In playing a key part in the development of the LNG industry and with consequently in a shortage of gas supply.
Emco Wheaton marine loading arms installed around the globe, Emco Due to the potential motion of the vessel when connected, the bal-
Wheaton has supplied proven and reliable high pressure marine loading ancing of the arm is achieved by a rigid link pantograph system with inde-
arms for a number of LNG liquefaction plants and regasification termi- pendent counterweights directly linked to the inboard and outboard arm.
nals including a new gas import terminal in the Bahir Province of Brazil. With these field proven marine loading arms fully operational, Emco
Located in the Bay of All Saints, Salvador, Petrobrass Bahia Wheaton has met the stringent safety and availability requirements of
Regasification Terminal (TRBA) has a capacity to regasify 41 million the gas industry and in the case of Petrobrass Bahia Regasification
standard m3 of natural gas per day. The facility is able to transfer LNG Terminal, ensured the supply of natural gas to the north east of the
between ships and compressed natural gas (CNG) to the shore using country.
the permanently moored floating storage and regasification unit, the
Golar Winter, which has had modifications including the addition of LNG FUEL FOR THOUGHT
loading arms. With its low carbon emissions compared to other fossil fuels, natural
In order to meet the extreme pressure, flows and conditions required, gas is a solution to some of the worlds economic and environmental
as well as stringent international safety standards, the transfer process challenges. Cleaner than coal and oil, and more efficient and reliable than
between the Golar Winter and the liquefied natural gas shuttle is accom- renewable energy, energy experts have rightly pointed out that natural
plished through Emco Wheaton LNG marine loading arms. The LNG will gas should not be viewed as a bridge fuel, but is actually an answer to the
be vapourised onboard the FSRU to the gaseous state and then injected worlds energy and environmental challenges.
into the gas pipeline network by means of the CNG marine loading arm
and into the shore based pipeline. FOR MORE INFORMATION
Emco Wheaton supplied 2 x 12 inch CNG marine loading arms which www.emcowheaton.com/marine-loading-arms

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TECHNICAL FEATURES l INSPECTION
01
INSTILLING INDUSTRY-
WIDE NDT BEST PRACTICE
I
nspection of facilities and assets is a key part cations of their action or to cope with unforeseen circumstances.
of operating an efficient and safe working Additionally, it requires existing knowledge within the organisation to
environment in the storage industry. We are all train others which can have an impact on productivity.
aware of the impact of failures resulting in possible
personnel injury, environmental contamination, and MANUFACTURER SUPPLIED
loss of revenues. Where test equipment is used to perform inspections, manufacturers
A range of standards has been developed often provide some initial training in how to use the tools. Whilst this can
which the industry has to meet covering inspec- be fairly comprehensive they can also be no more than basic operation.
tion regimes and fitness for service assessment. This is certainly useful, but rarely equips the inspector with the broad
Operators rely on inspectors and asset engineers to background knowledge to apply the technique, and does not prove the
make these assessments, report on condition and same competency and an independently certified course.
specify preventative actions, so it is imperative that
these people are suitably trained and qualified to FORMALISED EMPLOYER-BASED TRAINING
carry out their duties. A step on from the on-the-job option is to have formal in-house training
The non-destructive testing (NDT) community programmes with defined syllabus and examination. This can be very
has always taken its responsibility very seriously effective at building a level of skill and knowledge which is examined and
and has developed a wide range of training assessed. Again it requires knowledge already in-house, or bringing in
approaches to ensure high standards. Organisations an external trainer. The standard of training can be very good, however
such as API, BINDT (through PCN), ASNT and without external review can also fail to achieve best practice.
EEMUA have developed methods of training and
assessment to develop a body of knowledge and EMPLOYER-BASED UNDER THIRD PARTY GUIDELINES
qualify inspectors that asset owners and opera- Building on from a formalised employer scheme, organisations such
tors can rely on. The range of training approaches as ASNT have developed a standardised framework to help employers
includes the following: develop a good training programme. It also gives guidance on levels of
knowledge to be attained and requires assessment by a higher qualified
ON-THE-JOB TRAINING BY EMPLOYER person, for example a level III in the discipline. In larger organisations
Widely used by employers to deliver training to staff with teams of similarly skilled inspectors this can be effective, but smaller
and share knowledge to ensure cross training and organisations find it difficult to resource within and may not have Level III
practical experience. The advantages of this are people to approve schemes.
gaining real world experience whilst learning and
gaining very specific knowledge about the compa- THIRD PARTY GENERIC SCHEMES
nys processes and needs. However, the limitations Third party is where the training and assessment is carried out by an inde-
include consistency of knowledge transfer and pendent company, often working to a recognised independent syllabus.
independent review to assess capability. PCN is one such scheme that has become very successful globally and is
Often the training is targeted at a particular skill a recognised standard for competence of inspectors. However, there are
development, but lacks the background theory to limits in that the generic nature of the syllabus, incorporating broad theory
enable the trainee to fully understand the impli- and most common practice, often means that actual knowledge of a

short or are not available. This is of particular benefit when bringing new
approaches and technology to the market since it can use a small group
of experts in the field to peer review, rather than design by committee
that a generic scheme often requires. This means a new technology
can be developed and the training put in place quickly to enable asset
owners to use it in a controlled way.
The elements of SNT-TC-1A include sections on general theory,
specific theory, practical training, regular assessment and examination.
For example, a tank floor inspection programme general theory section
could include sections on, say, magnetic testing theory and causes of
corrosion, the specific theory section would then consider magnetic flux
leakage applied to tank floors and the types of corrosion seen inside
a tank. Practical training would be based on actual machines used for
inspection with real tank floor plates incorporating the full range of
defects likely to be found.
Within SNT-TC-1A the duration of the course is specified as 80 hours
to achieve level II, however to qualify and be awarded a certificate the
trainee must also complete four months supervised onsite experience
and be signed off by an appropriate person.
The course should detail the capabilities of the product/technology,
but just as important the limitations.
Sufficient training and examination samples of real world conditions
02
must be available to ensure the training reflects situations the engineers
will find on site, and trainers should have real world experience of the
specific inspection requirement is not covered. For 01 Onsite application to discuss the sort of challenges faced.
supervision using
instance, a PCN ultrasonic level II qualified person Silverwings MFL
As an industry we have been well served by API and EEMUA in
may not fully appreciate the techniques required floor scanner developing training programmes for engineers and inspectors regarding
for pitting measurement under coating on a tank the specifics of tank integrity assessment, but the NDT part of the
02 Practical
floor. The main advantage is that it can be used to training on actual inspection has depended on either employer-based, or generic third
ensure a base level of competence that will cover tank floor plates party training.
theoretical and practical knowledge, and experience 03 Class room
This is now changing and companies such as Silverwing and
in application of the general technique. based specific UK-based South West School of NDT have shared resources to create
thoery training an SNT-TC-1A third party delivered and assessed programme for MFL
THIRD PARTY SPECIFIC SCHEMES tank floor inspection. Based around the latest technology Floormap
This is also delivered by an independent training systems the programme ensures operators understand the technology,
organisation, but with the added benefit of being capabilities and limitations, and can analyse data accurately to provide
very application specific imparting key knowledge the best assessment of tank condition.
and capabilities for the actual task to be conducted. Moving forward the industry should continually push to improve
Example schemes here are API653 and EEMUA training and dissemination of NDT best practice, using the existing
159 whereby an inspector undergoes an education training bodies and partnerships such as the Silverwing/SWNDT
and assessment programme specifically designed initiative. The best way to do this is to ensure any inspection contracts
for storage tank inspection. These schemes deliver awarded specify the qualification requirements of the team, and records
qualified people, independently assessed and examination certificates. This is certainly best practice in many indus-
capable of meeting the needs of industry. The tries, such as aerospace and downstream inspection, and should now
bodies behind these schemes also develop best be considered the norm when inspecting a tank in addition to the API
practices and review and update the knowledge and/or EEMUA certification.
bank to ensure the qualifications remain relevant.
DEVELOPING A TRAINING SYLLABUS This article was written by Wayne Woodhead, VP Silverwing products,
Over many years training programmes have been Silverwing. www.silverwingndt.com
developed into standardised frameworks that can
be applied to different techniques and processes.
One such framework is Recommended Practice
No SNT-TC-1A, personnel qualification and certi-
fication in non-destructive testing developed by
the American Society for Nondestructive Testing
(ASNT). This recommended practice can be used by
employers to develop in-house schemes, but can
also be used by third party providers to develop spe-
cific application based programmes to meet needs
of particular industries and/or employers. It is also
possible for any training programme to be externally
assessed to ensure it meets the criteria set out.
In using such an approach it is possible to
quickly develop a high quality, independently
assessed programme, for specific applications
03
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TECHNICAL FEATURES l TANK JACKING
WHY JACK A TANK?

T
ank jacking is perceived by some as an additional cost to tank 01 Regular repair
projects can help extend 02
repair works, however it is a crucial part of ensuring long-term
the life span of a tank
usage of storage tanks.
The earliest tanks Verwater jacked were located in the Rotterdam 02 The reasons for tank
jacking have evolved as
harbour area. The soft soil conditions in the river delta resulted in settle- storage requirements
ments due to the load of filled storage tanks. change
Jacking projects in the years that followed are spread to areas with
03 Tank jacking can be a
similar soil conditions throughout Europe and later to locations world- crucial aspect of a repair
wide. programme
Nowadays, tank settlements are not the prime reason for tank jacking 04 Jacking also allows
and in fact, a combination of repair works and tank improvements now for easier tank relocation
form the basis for many requests for tank jacking.
Aging is an important concern as many tanks were constructed in the
growth decennia around the 1960s and 70s. In the 50 years since, tank
bottoms have lost their thickness in such a way that replacement is now
necessary.
Environmental requirements have also changed significantly, adding
special applications to ensure tank bottom tightness and to also extend
their lifetime.
Secondary containment is new in tank construction and is a require-
ment by authorities in many places. As a result, under any older repair,
tank liners are installed to prevent for ground pollution in case of
leakages. applications together with increased quality of the repairs and reduced
Both internal and external coatings result in an extension of the repair time, makes the jacking technique the most valuable aspect when
lifetime of a tank. considering the total project and long-term tank usage.
The following repair works can or should be combined to achieve
WHEN IS TANK JACKING MOST PROFITABLE? optimum result:
In parts of the world, the jacking of tanks is seen as an additional cost on Foundation repairs consisting of replacement of old foundation
top of repair works. Unfortunately this view is very limited, only seeing materials for new, more suitable materials such as crushed stone ring
direct costs filtered from quotations. walks or other aggregate materials. This should be combined with
The combination of several types of repairs and installation of re-levelling of the tank foundation
01

TECHNICAL FEATURES l TANK JACKING
03 04
Replacement or removal of damaged concrete ring walls or installa- different site or storage of a different product. Examples are available of a
tion of new ones temporary shifting of a tank for installation of a piled foundation or for the
Removal of pollution in case of leakages removal of polluted soil underneath the tank.
Installation of secondary containment liners For each type of relocation, different techniques are developed,
Application of coatings at the underside of the tank bottom ranging from skid tracks, modular trailers, floating barges to (floating)
Replacement of entire tank bottoms or replacement of annular plates cranes.
where the new plates can be installed in the as built shape (letterbox
methods often do not allow for relevelling of the foundation and SOLUTIONS FOR THE LONG-TERM
limiting the quality of welding (butt-welds)). Participation in a repair program can be the first and most important step
A combination of the above works results in a win-win situation towards the reliable repair methods. Verwater has the experience of
regarding time, quality and safety. more than 10,000 tanks being jacked and as such have solutions for any
problem with a storage tank.
TANK RELOCATION
Besides tank repairs, the jacking technique also allows for easier methods FOR MORE INFORMATION
of tank relocation. Tanks with diameters up to 230 feet have been shifted This article was written by Herman Buisman, manager international
for various reasons including a new designed plotplan, a new owner on a projects at Verwater. h.buisman@verwater.com.
TANK & TERMINAL

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THE IMPORTANCE OF CHECKING FOR

CORROSION UNDER INSULATION
F
or storage terminals, the quality and safety of the tankage is essen-
tial in the daily operations of the site.
To ensure all tanks are maintained to the highest standard, most
companies undertake regular NDT testing and Viking Inspection provides 01 Corrosion points
this service in the UK. on a tank
Viking recently performed a full NDT tank inspection to EEMUA 159 02 Loads exerted
tank integrity standards at a facility. on a tank
On an inspection of an adjacent tank, some CUI (corrosion under
03 CUI on the tank
insulation) was identified and attributed to penetration in the lagging. The shell around a weld 02
decision was therefore made to scaffold the tank and remove the lagging
for full inspection. deformation of the shell plates or their appurtenances. Examples of these
In recent years it has become popular with some terminal operators to loads include tank roof weight, wind induced forces, vacuum load, con-
leave the bottom section of the shell un-insulated. This results in some nected pipework loads and dead weight of mixers. The diagram details
loss of heat but has the advantage of leaving the lower shell readily avail- load combinations working on a tank shell.
able for inspection and eradicates the risk of CUI degradation for this area. The three load conditions are:
However, this area should be reviewed periodically regardless as it may 1. Hydrostatic pressure including maximum operating static pressure
be affected by thermal stresses due to low ambient temperatures. 2. Weight of roof, including a live load (1.2KN/m)
In insulated tanks, CUI is very common in the lower section of the tank 3. Wind load including maximum operating vacuum.
shell, as well as the stiffening rings, roof, and any gaps or defects in the To conclude the initial shell inspection, Viking determined the loca-
lagging, and can be identified via visual inspection. tions for patch plates and insert plates, and provided this information in
Once the lagging was removed, a visual inspection needed to be a detailed report to the client. As well as the raw data provided in the
carried out, which identified multiple areas of CUI and pitting to the tank readings, the report included photographic evidence of the tank flaws and
shell. recommendations to remedy any issues.
Then a UT thickness survey was carried out and was completed using Heating coil penetrations in the bottom shell should always be
a Krautkramer USM36 flaw detector, which uses dual element probes to equipped with annular pipes to
provide both the thickness measurement and the A-scan for maximum separate insulation from contact
03
reliability. with the nozzles. This prevents
Finally, a shell stability calculation was made to determine the tanks accelerated corrosion at these
structural stability. This procedure assists in minimising the risk of shell points; no issues were found with
buckling; a major safety issue for thin walled steel tanks operating at low the tank in question.
levels of contained liquid. On this occasion, the data showed no issues Once the wall inspection was
with the structural stability of the tank and that it was comfortably within completed, a floor survey was
the parameters of safe operation. also required. This was completed
Another key area where corrosion can occur is the stairways and plat- using a Silvering floormap 3Di.
forms. Water can pool on the stairs causing heavy pitting and corrosion. Viking Inspection was able to
Some minor defects were found due to surface corrosion and recommen- identify defective areas more
dations made. efficiently and accurately than
before, finding surface defects on
MINIMISING CORROSION the tank floor that were predomi-
Prioritising design, attention to detail and material selection are funda- nantly due to heavy corrosion.
mental in minimising CUI issues. EEMUA recommends the use of cellular A decision was taken to replace
01 glass closed cells for suscep- the entire tank floor as opposed
tible areas that include the to patch repair the affected areas
bottom section of the shell, to maintain the high facility standards. The full analysis and reporting took
and secondary wind girders two people seven days to complete.
on insulation support rings or Viking Inspection managing director Steve Delves says: We see a lot
locations where water can of CUI in the industry. Its important for companies to see the importance
pool. of removing the insulation on a regular basis to perform a visual inspec-
In addition to internal tion of the Tank. This facility recognises the importance of this.
pressure, storage tank shells
are subjected to loads that
must be transmitted through FOR MORE INFORMATION
the structure without gross www.vikinginspection.co.uk


TANK STORAGE ASIA l SPEAKER INTERVIEWS
SPEAKER
INTERVIEWS
INSIGHTS FROM A SELECTION OF TANK STORAGE ASIAS INDUSTRY EXPERTS
Interviews with some of the speakers at this years conference at the Marina Bay Sands on September 27 and 28
Asia Pacific energy better lifestyle are some of the factors behind the high growth in energy
outlook and deep- demand in the Asia Pacific region.

Energy demand in the EnerBlue scenario is expected to increase by
down analysis of 47% from 2015 to 2040. Demand will increase at the fastest rate from
storage 2015 2020 and will progressively slow down as the Asian economies
mature from the high growth stage. India and Vietnam will see the fastest
growth in energy demand followed by China.
Antonio Della Pelle, of Enerdata
Singapore provides an overview of The structure of energy supply to meet the growing energy demand
three possible scenarios for Asias is also expected to change. Increases in electrification and fuel switch
future energy mix and how this could impact to electricity will increase the share of electricity in the energy supply. In
future storage requirements 2015, electricity accounts for only 19% of the total supply and by 2040,
T
share of electricity will increase to 27%.
he Conference of Parties (COP) 21 conference in Paris has posed Tighter climate policies will also affect the share of gas in power mix
a number of questions for market players in the energy industry. and the share of renewables will increase from 4% to 18% over 2015-
While there is no legal agreement, various countries have shown 2040 (EnerBlue scenario).
that energy policy discussions cannot neglect climate change. This will Currently, we have an LNG oversupply situation that has brought LNG
have huge implications on the energy mix of different countries. at low price levels and supported an increase on spot trade thereby
There is a significant uncertainty for project developers and investors increasing the importance of storage. Asia alone, accounted for 57% of
due to a lack of any commitment in the COP 21 discussions. Hence it is the spot and short term volumes in 2015. When looking at the current
important to understand the forecasts for a variety of scenarios to assess global regasification capacity we can see that it is more than twice the
the effect of uncertainty in policy implementations. liquefaction capacity implying the possibility of low utilisation terminal fac-
Enerdata has complied an energy mix forecast for Asia until 2040. tors and high competitiveness. In the near future regasification terminal
Three scenarios are presented one scenario (Ener-Blue) provides an operators, including LNG storage tank operators, need to be ahead of the
outlook of the energy system up to 2040 based on the central assumption competition with their business strategies.
that the different countries implement their stated commitments made Renewable implementation will require additional efforts to bring signif-
during the COP21. icant affordable energy storage technologies.
The other scenario (Ener-Green) explores the implications of more strin- Today, the most used solution for energy storage is pumped hydro
gent energy and climate policies to limit the global temperature increase power, however it has its own limitations. Japan, the US and China
at around 2C by the end of the century. The third scenario (Ener-Brown) account for more than 50% of the global energy storage with the US and
describes a world without a global agreement which results in soaring Europe leading on emerging energy storage technologies.
CO2 emissions across the world, towards a +6C temperature increase by This is a new storage area that will grow in the near future to accom-
the end of the century. modate the evolution of the energy mix.
The scenario analysis is based on the companys in-house POLES No matter which scenarios we prefer, we see two common themes
energy forecast model, which has been used for long-term energy emerging: the increase of gas and LNG as clean fuel and substantial
forecasts purposes by several governments both in Europe and Asia, in development of renewable energy. Both of these energies will require
addition to various industry players. additional storage solutions and further development of storage to capture
the electricity generated by renewables.
ASIA PACIFIC ENERGY DEMAND
The final energy demand of the Asia Pacific region has increased by 4.2% Della Pelle will be looking at global energy demand for the next 25 years
a year over 2000-2014 period as compared to the global average of 2% on the second day of the Tank Storage Asia conference in Singapore on
a year for the same period. Rapid economic growth, urbanisation and September 28.

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Petrol and diesel against many of Asias older refineries. So Chinese diesel exports to
Singapore will increase, for re-export to regional deficit markets like
trade flows to drive Australia and Indonesia.
Singapores oil SINGAPORE HANGS ON TO ITS REGIONAL HUB POSITION

storage Singapore is the regional oil trading and storage hub, accounting for
around one-third of Asias oil products gross trade. Wood Mackenzie
Despite altering demand patterns, Asia expects Singapore to play a prominent role, as growing inter-regional
remains an integral player in the global trade for petrol, and intra-regional trade for diesel contribute to 85% of
oil markets with a growing reliance on petrol imports to satisfy Singapores growth in trade over the next five years.
R
demand, according to Wood Mackenzies Benjamin Tang. Singapores enviable position as the regional hub is not without risk
apidly changing demand patterns and refining dynamics have a and challenges. Land availability is a major concern for storage capacity
profound impact on global oil product trade flows and the need for growth in Singapore to keep pace with the growth in the future trade
storage. In this context, Asia is where the action is. Wood Mackenzie flows. If Singapore fails to act, this provides opportunity for new storage
forecasts global oil demand to grow by four million barrels per day between facilities in neighbouring Malaysia and Indonesia.
2015 and 2020, with Asia accounting for almost 70% of the increase. Higher land storage rates in Singapore and improving port infrastructure
A majority of Asias rising oil consumption will be driven by petrol and in the end-user market will encourage direct trade, potentially bypassing
diesel, as demand for these products is strongly correlated with rising Singapore. For petrol, the need for blending and breaking bulk for long-
incomes and economic development respectively. Asias refining system haul cargoes will play to Singapores strength as a hub. Conversely, the
will not be able to meet the pace of petrol demand growth, resulting in increasingly intra-regional nature of diesel trade flows will favour direct
higher petrol imports from outside the region. In contrast, intra-region trade routes.
trade in diesel will gain prominence, with China increasing exports to Storage players, shipping companies and traders will need to under-
other countries in Asia. stand Asias evolving trade flows, and develop winning strategies to stay
on top of the competition.
ASIA TO LOOK OUTWARDS TO SECURE PETROL
Asia will shift from being a net exporter of petrol in 2015 to a net importer Tang will be speaking more on Asias future product trade flows and their
by 2020. This change is underpinned by strong transport demand growth implications for storage on the second morning of the Tank Storage Asia
in China, India and Southeastern Asia. Net imports of petroleum into Asia conference on September 28 at the Marina Bay Sands, Singapore.
will reach 500,000 b/d in 2020, mainly long-haul volumes from Northwest
Europe, the US and Middle East.
Interestingly, Asia has traditionally exported petroleum to the Middle
East and US. However, with those regions becoming surplus in petrol, the
Chinas liberalised
relationship will reverse as Asia gets increasingly short of the product. industry and emerging
Intra-region petrol trade flows will also evolve. India largely trades its
excess supply to the Middle East and US, with relatively few cargoes
dirty tank market
moving to Singapore. Looking ahead, strong demand growth in India will
China is becoming an increasingly attrac-
reduce the countrys surplus. India will cut exports to the Middle East and tive region for tank storage following the
US, and target deficit markets within Asia: moving cargoes to the re-ex- liberalisation of the countrys teapot refin-
port hub of Singapore, or direct to countries like Indonesia and Australia. eries, according to head of ICIS Chinas
North Asia petrol flows to the rest of Asia will reduce in the research team Li Li
T
longer run. Historically, China has exported petrol to Singapore and
Southeastern Asia. Due to a rapid growth in car ownership and a slower he oil price crash in 2014 and unleashing of the hidden force from the
pace of refinery capacity additions, China will near a balanced position teapot refineries in 2015, made Chinas crude oil market suddenly
after 2020. This will reduce Chinas exports to the rest of Asia. Refinery become one of the hottest topics in the global energy community.
closures in Japan and Taiwan will also contribute to lower petrol exports In the past, Chinas oil storage market was mute from the global
from North Asia to Singapore and the rest of Southeastern Asia. players ears, as most of the tanks are operated by state-owned enter-
prise (SOE) as inventory for their refineries or as commercial operation
DIESEL TRADE WITHIN ASIA TO INCREASE usage, or as mysterious strategic petroleum reserves by the country.
Asia will continue to be a net exporter of diesel to other regions. It seemed there were few chances for private investors before the
However, net export volumes will fall from around 400,000 b/d in 2015 crude oil market became liberalised. Private companies used to build lots
to under 100,000 b/d in 2020. This is based on a modest demand of fuel oil tanks when the industrial fuel market was flourishing, or build
growth, amid sluggish refinery capacity build over the forecast period. distillate tanks if they got close relation with local SOE majors branches.
Due to the start-up of large greenfield refineries, the Middle East will Vopak has pioneered phase I of its crude oil tanks in Hainan Yangpu in
reverse its diesel trade position with Asia, from a large net importer in south China and some majors such as Exxon Mobil and Saudi Aramco
2015 to a net exporter by 2020. We believe Northwest Europe, with its have integrated oil storage in their joint venture Fujian refining entities.
widening diesel deficit, is the only region with room to absorb additional However, global trading houses such as Vitol are showing increasing
volumes from Asia. As there is rising competition from the Middle East, interests in renting crude storage (bonded storage) in China, and may also
FSU and the US to place diesel cargoes into Europe, Asian exporters be regretting why they were so cautious to build tanks by themselves in
will also seek opportunities within the region. Shandong or other coastal ports in China.
Historically, India has been a major exporter to the Middle East, Africa, The third-party, independent crude oil storage business could get more
Europe and Latin America. Due to strong transport diesel demand growth, promising in China as more players and competitors seek to get involved
Indias surplus will narrow through to 2020, reducing its export volumes in Chinas 14-million barrel per day refining industry, which requires
to other regions. increasing operation and cost flexibility.
Chinas diesel surplus will expand to 350,000 b/d by 2020 from 45,000
b/d in 2015. In recent years, diesel demand has slowed significantly as Li Li will be speaking on the first day of Tank Storage Asias conference
the country shifts from an investment-led to a consumption-led economy. on September 27 about Chinas crude importing and storage prospects as
Chinas export refineries are modern and complex, and are competitive well as its strategic petroleum reserve plan.

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The anatomy of Asian oil storage TANK STORAGE ASIA l SPEAKER INTERVIEWS
The steady growth of Asia to become the worlds largest oil trader is documented by Tri-Zens senior
The anatomy of Asian with CNPC/PetroChina now owning an equity stake.
advisor Moe Merican By 2003 China had surpassed Japan to become the worlds second
oil storage largest oil consumer after the US.
Chinas first phase of construction of strategic oil reserves storage
The steady growth of Asia to become the began in 2004. By 2009, 103 million barrels of storage had been filled.
worlds largest oil trader is documented China has been the main driver of global oil demand, accounting for
T
by Tri-Zens senior advisor Moe Merican
The story of Asias oil storage is dominated by the continuing oil demand growth shift from west to
almost half of global growth over the last ten years and by 2020, China
east and the rise of large oil traders to become todays global players.
he story of Asias oil storage is dom- plans to have 500 million barrels of strategic oil reserves.
inated by the continuing oil demand
growth shift from west to east and the rise of large oil traders to ASIA AND SHAPING THE WORLDS LARGEST OIL TRADER
Global oil demand shift
become todays global players. Often overlooked is the oil trade that closely reflects the shifting dynamics
of demand growth to Asia and its implications for refining, shipping and
In the ten years from 2005 to 2015 , global oil demand grew by 10 million barrels per day and the
GLOBAL OIL DEMAND SHIFT storage.
In the ten years from 2005 to 2015 , global oil demand grew by 10 million
Asia Pacific market accounted for almost 80% of that growth. Competing head on with international oil companies ( IOCs ) are the big
barrels per day and the Asia Pacific market accounted for almost 80% of four traders Vitol, Glencore, Trafigura and Gunvor, who were recognised in
that growth. 2011 as becoming a true force in the global oil market.
China and India, the two Asian giants, shared 64% of that growth, while the worlds two top
China and India, the two Asian giants, shared 64% of that growth,
consumers, the US and Japan, saw a decline in their oil consumption.
while the worlds two top consumers, the US and Japan, saw a decline in SHIPPING
their oil consumption. Shell and Vitol were the worlds top charterers of oil product tankers in
2014 spot markets, according OPIS.
Global Oil Consump<on In 2015, Vitol was the top charterer of Aframax tankers, the seg-
ment where traders are best represented, Vitols shipping subsidiary is
25 Mansel.
Source: BP Statistical Review
Million barrels per day
While revenue rose 45% over the period 2006-2015, its oil trade also
20
rose by 46%.
15
REFINING AND MARKETING TO REFINING AND OIL TRADING
10
The golden age of oil refining came to a halt in 2008, with Europe the
5 first to be affected. Over the next five years, nearly 1.7 million barrels
0 per day of refining capacity closed in Europe.
US Japan China India In Asia, Indias Reliance had built a mega-scale refining complex with
668,000 barrels per day of capacity at Jamnagar, that began operations
2005 2015 in 2000. This was expanded in 2008 to 1.24 million barrels per day, to
become the worlds largest oil refinery. Plans are underway to add a
2015 also saw Indias oil demand surpass Japan, taking them to third
further 400,000 barrels per day of capacity by 2020.
place behind the US and China. The shift in oil consumption to Asia and the success of this new
Source: BP Statistical Review
93, China became a net importer of oil products
The shift towards Asia has been many years in the making. In his business model of refining for export and trading have been important
January 1991 speech, then US President George Bush made reference
96, China became a net importer of crude oil to another group of global oil players, the national oil companies (NOCs).
2015 also saw Indias oil demand surpass Japan, taking them to third place behind the US and China.
to the new world order;, which acknowledged the relentless growth of Saudi Aramcos joint ventures with Total and Sinopec provide good
Asia. 3 examples.
tial investment of $25 million, which equated to about $210 per m
The It was
shift towards
soon after thisAsia
that the has oil been
traders,many years
in assessing in future
their the and
making. at the time, has
In his January 1991 speech, then US
3
he facility now boasts 450,000 m
growth prospects, required a new with CNPC/PetroChina now owning an equity stake.
business model developing an assets SINGAPORE LAYING THE FOUNDATIONS FOR OIL REFINING AND TRADING HUBS
President George Bush made reference to the new world order;, which acknowledged the relentless
based strategy. While the rapid growth of Chinas oil trade has been the darling of media
growth of Asia. reports, it was the little red dot of Singapore that laid the foundation for
had surpassed Japan to become the worlds second largest oil consumer after the US.
CHINA AND THE CHANGING GLOBAL OIL MARKETS oil storage growth in Asia and the rise of oil traders into global players.
It was soon after this that the oil traders, in assessing their future and growth prospects, required a
In the mid 1990s Dutch oil trader Vitol took the initiative and launched its This timeline reflects the 30 years (1983 to 2013) of growth in startup
phase of oilconstruction
products storageof strategic
terminal oil reserves
of 120,000 m3 in the port storage began
of Zhuhai, China. in 2004. By from
capacity, 2009, 103 m3 in 1983 to 1,300,000 m3 in 2013.
500,000
new business model developing an assets based strategy.
s of storage had been filled.
Two key events supported its move into China: The single most important driver of Singapores oil storage success,
In 1993, China became a net importer of oil products the is the fuel oil trade bunkers. The bunker trade was the monopoly of
China and the changing global oil markets
In 1996, China became a net importer of crude oil the oil refiners, belonging to the majors, prior to the deregulation of the
Today that initial investment of $25 million, which equated to about $210 bunker trade in 1985.
In
perthe mid
m3 at 1990s
the time, Dutch and
has swelled oil the
trader
facilityVitol took 450,000
now boasts the initiative
m3 and
Southlaunched its oil
Koreas national products
oil company storage
(KNOC) has been closely following
3 the developments of oil trade and storage at both Singapore and Fujairah.
terminal of 120,000 m in the port of Zhuhai, China.
China Strategic Petroleum Reserves In 2008 it initiated plans for a north Asia oil hub and, five years later in
Storage (mmbbl) 2013, the Yeosu crude oil and oil products storage hub began commercial
Two key events supported its move into China: operations with a capacity of 1.3 million m3.
The next phase of the hub, the port of Ulsan with a storage capacity
PetroChina, Sinopec,
Dalian, 18.9 of 4.5 million m3, has investors that now include the worlds largest
Zhenhai, storage operator, Vopak. Slated for completion before 2020, KNOC fore-
32.7 1
casts the hub handling trade of 250 million barrels a year of crude oil and
oil products (685,000 bpd), with economic benefits to the country of $3.5
Sinopec, to 4.5 billion by 2020 .
Huangdao, This translates to storage rates of $7 to 8.50 per m3 per month, an
20.1 increase over current rates of $ 5.00 to 5.50 per m3 per month .
Sinochem, South Korea currently exports 1.25 million barrels per day of oil prod-
Zhoushan, ucts and has a refining capacity of 3.11 million barrels per day, or 40% of
31.4 its refining capacity is exported.

en the main driver of global oil demand, accounting for almost half of global growth
en years and by 2020, China plans to have 500 million barrels of strategic oil reserves.
THE OIL STORAGE TRANSFORMATION greenfield development in relation to their population growth and their
Ten years ago, Vopak owned 76% of the equity in its storage business. economies. However, she says that these countries need to improve
Today Vopaks invested equity has reduced to 61%. Its main competitors infrastructure to meet demand as they move into a more middle class
are now its former customers, the oil traders, and also the infrastructure growth phase.
fund managers. However, Vopak still maintains its position as the worlds She says: There will be growth on existing terminals, where those
number one oil storage operator. facilities which service key import and export ports will need to keep up
with the general growth of the Asia region.
Merican will be speaking on the first day of the Tank Storage Asia confer- In addition to the favourable contango market for petroleum prod-
ence on September 27 in Singapore about Asias oil and gas storage and ucts, which is contributing to healthy storage inventories, the closure of
providing an overview of investment prospects. refineries in Australia is also resulting in an increase in refined products
through terminals in Korea, Greater Singapore and Japan.
The regional terminals in the Greater Singapore region are being kept
China and India full by the likes of Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam and Cambodia, which
have insufficient refinery capacity and require blending and consolidation
dominating demand of petrol, diesel and fuel oil.
for new storage Focusing on Singapore itself, Ruhotas believes that the country may
have difficulty in sustain its high storage rates in the future.
Once the contango comes off, Singapore may have difficulty sus-
Containing one of the worlds largest
storage hubs as well as two countries taining its high storage rates, as compared to other hub ports. Singapore
that dominate global energy demand, is more expensive due to land constraints, but the current premium for
Asia provides storage operators and storing in Singapore may not be sustainable.
investors with a solid platform for growth. By virtue of history, Singapore will continue to be the petroleum hub
T
of Asia. Traders depend on Platts pricing, which is centered on terminals
he region has a population and market growth which demands in the Greater Singapore region. The ease of doing business in Singapore
more energy, and these demands will grow exponentially over its legal system, corruption free environment and certain free trade
time, with the IEA predicting that India will surpass China in the agreements, which it has entered and Malaysia and Indonesia have not,
dominant energy consumption top spot with forecasts that it will add six make it the country of first choice for traders when they are selecting
million barrels per day to its current demand. China is expected to add a storage in the region.
further five million barrels per day.
Ellen Ruhotas, Ratio Groups managing director, says that China, India Ruhotas will be providing a forecast on terminal developments by country
and Indonesia are showing the largest demand for new storage for in Asia on the first day of the conference on September 27.
TANK STORAGE CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION

29th SEPTEMBER 2016
Join us at the leading event for the bulk liquid storage sector
at the Ricoh Arena, Coventry
OVER 60 EXHIBITORS
CONFERENCE PROGRAMME FEATURING EXPERT SPEAKERS
NETWORKING OPPORTUNITIES
Organised By www.tankstorage-event.org.uk Supported By

c t & N etwork
Conne e 1 -to-1
Sch e d u l
i n e s s M eetings
Bus
Get involved today, contact us at

EVENTS l TANK STORAGE ASIA PREVIEW
EXPLORING THE
ENERGY SILK ROAD
Occupying a larger hall in the luxurious Marina Bay Sands in Singapore, Tank Storage Asia will provide a
platform for visitors to explore the energy silk road with networking, learning and business opportunities.
Boasting more than 75 companies on the show floor as well as an insightful conference programme, the two day
event continues to attract professionals from across the industrys supply chain. We take a look at some of the
companies and innovations at this years event on September 27 and 28
ABB Emco Wheaton RPR Technologies

Access Professional Endress+Hauser
Singapore
Arflu Saferack
Atreus Fabricom Scanjet
Auma Fort Vale
Techflow Marine
Bioex L&T Valves Timm Elektronik
Labuan IBFC Tristar Terminals Guam
Loadtec Engineered Systems TTK
CNC Petroleum
Concrete Canvas Verwater
CTS (Far East) Netherlocks Safety Systems Viscoy
Newson Gale
Zhejiang Jialong Mechnical
Dixon Equipment Co
DeHumidification Technologies OPW Zwick

Auma is a leading
manufacturer of
electric actuators,
actuator controls
and manual
ABB provides terminal management systems with gear operators
software and hardware solution T-MAC Plus. It has been for industrial
created as a result of more than 20 years of experience valve applica-
in the field and the companys knowledge in automation tions. Auma is
systems for the oil and gas industry. T-MAC Plus brings a specialist for
together the control system, different subsystems and electric part- and multi-turn actuators with more
devices into one platform to automate key monitoring than 50 years experience in valve automation.
and control modules, reducing operating cost and increasing productivity. The company manufactures its products at two
plants and supports the products from three
service centres. Further an international sales
Visit ABB at: STAND C42 and service guarantees the support to the
final customer for spare part and maintenance
requirements. With the new FQM fail safe unit,
Access Professional Singapore is an ISO certified & SAC-SINGLAS accredited company Auma offers innovative and safe actuator solu-
offering a complete solution on sales and aftermarket servicing for instrumentation and tions for automatic operation of valves in case
valves in Singapore, Vietnam and Myanmar. Capabilities include: Custom-made Jerguson of emergencies making use of stored mechan-
level gage, control valve/manual valves/safety valve testing, overhaul and in-situ jobs, ical energy. The FQM fail safe unit meets the
Singlas approved workshop and In-situ PSV certification, flow verification both onsite and requirements of safety related applications up to
workshop as well as pressure and temperature switches setting. SIL 2/SIL 3 and is basically maintenance-free. An
explosion-proof version is also available.
Visit Access Professional Singapore at: STAND A1
Visit Auma at: STAND A17
Arflu will be using the exhibition to showcase its

dual expanding plug valve, which eliminates common
problems that occur during tank terminal operations.
The company uses full-size stem packing and can also
install special stem packing and an inverted stainless
steel trunnion which completely eliminates body cavities. Bioex designs
The valves have a backseat and the stem packing is and manufactures
accessible from the outside and can easily be changed the latest genera-
even under pressure. Arflus dual expanding plug valves tion of ecological
are top and bottom entry type. If changing the slips is foam concen-
required, these can easily be accessed by removing the trates that are 100% fluorine free and proposes
lower cover without any special tools. The lower trunnion is not part of the plug but incor- conventional foams for use in firefighting.
porated in the lower cover, thus eliminating a body cavity where accumulation of particles The company will be on hand at the show to
may interfere with the valve function. discuss their new formula Ecopol F3 HC. It is
the first fluorine-free 3% foam concentrate for
hydrocarbon fires that performs better than the
Visit Arflu at: STAND D3
best AFFFs and it is also readily biodegradable.
Exceptional extinguishing performance
Used at 3% in direct application on hydro-
Atreus is a brand of the Kremsmueller Group which carbon fires
designs, manufactures and supplies advanced ADRs Obtained the best 1A performance classifica-
and IFRs to the storage industry. Atreus provides the tion under EN 1568-3 standard (certified 1A/
first silicone-free aluminium dome roof on the market fresh water 1A/sea water)
thanks to the Hub-Tit technology and one of the most Obtained the best performance classification
sophisticated IFRs based on a totally new design. under LASTFIRE Good-Good-Good
Kremsmueller has been active in tank, apparatus Effective on hydrocarbon fires
and tank construction for many several years. The Exceptionally fast extinguishing action on
Kremsmueller Group provides all services from one hydrocarbon fires
source. The groups core competencies act together to Very long burn back time equal to the best
form a large expertise network specialists from rele- protein foams
vant fields work together to produce the perfect service Powerful foaming capability
package without unnecessary stop gaps. Kremsmueller designs and supplies equipment Offers durable adherence on vertical sur-
for the construction of new tank farms, takes part in the reconstruction of existing tank faces
farms and of course maintains them. Insulates of storage containers in case of fire
nearby.
Visit Atreus at: STAND D21 Visit Bioex at: STAND B30

versatile.
Always a leading innovator, ROSEN not only supplies pipeline
customers with the latest diagnostic and system integrity
technologies but also offers flexible solutions and all-round
support for plants & terminals.
www.rosen-group.com

Concrete Canvas manufactures a revolutionary

product called Concrete Canvas (CC) which has
gained market acceptance as a cost-effective alterna-
tive to conventional concrete. CC is used in over 70
countries worldwide with customers including Exxon
Mobil, Shell, BP, Total and ENI.
CC consists of a flexible concrete impregnated
fabric which hardens on hydration to form a thin,
CNC Petroleum provides durable, water-proof layer. The company describes it
complete downstream petro- as concrete on a roll and can be used for a wide range
leum solutions. As a reputable of applications such as bund lining, remediation, ditch
petroleum distribution firm with lining and weed suppression.
a fleet of 10 road tankers of The company will also be discussing its new CC
various capacities, the company Hydro at the show, a new product designed spe-
is also establishing itself as a cifically for containment applications in the petro-
renowned fuel management chemical sector. CC Hydro combines the companys
company that provides techno- impregnated fabric technology with a high visibility,
logically innovative solutions. Having forged close working relationships with key chemically resistant geomembrane liner. The result is
partners, the company actively engage in providing fuel storage and dispensing a hard-armoured containment liner that combines high
systems for its clients. These systems comprise of the Harlequin double-walled impermeability with the durability of concrete.
bunded tank, Dunraven Systems independent Apollo monitoring sensor, and
Piusi fuel management system. This bundled solution makes it possible for
clients to have their own mini fuel station at a location of choice with full access
control over their refuelling and diesel inventory; a novelty for the fuel manage-
ment industry in Singapore.
Visit CNC Petroleum at: STAND C16 Visit Concrete Canvas at: STAND A3

EVENTS l TANK STORAGE ASIA PREVIEW EVENTS l TANK STORAGE ASIA REVIEW
CTS (Far East) is Dixon (Asia Pacific) is a

specialised in the manufacturer and supplier of hose
design, manufac- couplings, valves, dry-disconnects,
turing, supply and swivels, and other fluid transfer and
installation of prod- control products. The companys
ucts and systems DeHumidification Technologies global reach includes a wide range
used in the safe and is a portable climate control com- of products for numerous industries
effective transfer and pany that focuses on humidity and including petroleum exploration,
storage of chemicals temperature control. It provides refining, transportation, chemical
and hydrocarbons. services/equipment for blasting processing, food and beverage, steel,
Products and services and coating of tanks and other fire protection, construction, mining
include: confined spaces in the petrochem- and manufacturing.
Aluminium geo- ical, marine, power and municipal, The company, founded in 1916,
desic dome roofs as well as several other markets. says it will maintain the best inven-
Internal floating roofs, various materials It has the largest variety of fleet tory levels and lead times in the
Tank seals, primary and secondary tank seals including refrigerant and desic- industry while providing training and
Drain systems for externals floating roof tanks cant - style dehumidifiers (200 support before, during, and after the
Composite hoses to 20,000 CFM). The company sale.
Dry break couplers has four international offices to
Emergency release couplers serve those abroad in: Edmonton,
Floating suction lines Canada; Sydney and Melbourne,
Foam dam, integral Australia; Singapore and Bangkok,
Skimmer units Thailand. Its corporate office
Swivel joints is located in Houston, Texas,
Installation and inspection along with eight other locations:
The companys clients include oil majors such as Corpus Christi, Texas; Dallas/Fort
Petronas, Shell, Total as well as Vopak and VTTI, Worth, Texas; Baton Rouge/New
where the following recent contracts have been Orleans, Los Angeles; Eustis/
awarded: Orlando, Florida; Norfolk, Virginia;
Petronas, RAPID Project, dome roofs Wilmington, DE; Joliet/Chicago,
Shell, Pulau Bukom, dome roof Illinois; Long Beach, California.
Total Cambodge, aluminium full contact internal
floating roofs.
Visit DeHumidification Visit Dixon (Asia Pacific) at:

Visit CTS (Far East) at: STAND A18 Technologies at: STAND E16 STAND E11
The highlight on
Endress+Hausers stand at this
years show is a new platform of
high-performance tank gauging
With more than 100 years experience working within instruments supporting both
the fluid transfer industry, Emco Wheaton produces servo and radar technologies.
marine loading arms used to safely and efficiently transfer The servo, with its rotary
hazardous liquids and gases from ship to shore, distribution transformer, and the worlds
loading arms, dry-break couplers, adaptors, petroleum road first 79GHz tank gauging radar
tanker equipment, a range of refuelling systems used to for liquids incorporate innovative
refuel fleets of buses and its TODO range of couplers, and unique sensing elements
adaptors and break-away couplings. that ensure highly accurate and
The companys products are designed and manufac- reliable measurement in almost
tured at four plants strategically placed around the globe. any process and environmental
The manufacturing plants in Houston Texas, US; Oakville condition. It is the worlds first
Ontario, Canada; Kirchhain, Germany and Margate, UK are platform upon which both servo
supported by sales offices in Paris, France; Kuala Lumpur, and radar measuring principles are designed according to IEC61508 and
Malaysia; Manama, Bahrain; Vienna, Austria; Shanghai, certified SIL 2/SIL3 capable. The new tank gauging instruments are verified
China; Moscow, Russia and Campinas, Brazil, as well as and certified to meet the international custody transfer recommendations
a network of trusted distributors covering more than 100 of OIML R85. A variety of open and vendor-specific communication proto-
countries globally. cols enable integration into any commonly used tank gauging system, and
open the way for future expansion and migration possibilities.
Visit Emco Wheaton at: STAND A6 Visit Endress+Hauser at: STAND B10

15-17 NOVEMBER 2016

AHOY ROTTERDAM
Organised by:
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YOUR PLATFORM IN EUROPE TO MEET THE

GLOBAL CONTAINER SHIPPING INDUSTRY
Meet an Discuss and Network with
international market debate Be amongst peers from
leading industry
5,000+ Finalise deals 30+ players 80+
senior buyers hours of free countries
90% 140+
conference sessions
of visitors have global suppliers
decision-making power
For more information please call +44 (0)20 701 75112

89
www.intermodal-events.com
Fabricom is a reliable, experienced, full service L&T Valves is a leader in engineered

contractor, specialised in engineering, the building, flow-control solutions for oil and gas,
repair and maintenance of storage tanks from size power and allied process industries.
S to XXL, operating worldwide. The company is Leveraging this expertise of over five
skilled, up to speed with the latest techniques, decades, the company has developed
guidelines & regulations and compliant with the a variety of products that enhance
highest safety standards in the industry. Since safety, performance and efficiency in
1977, Fabricom has been dedicated to providing oil and gas storage, transportation and
service of the highest quality within budget and on distribution systems.
schedule. The companys multidisciplinary project Double block and bleed plug valves These valves are designed to meet
management team offers solutions in the following Remote-operated triple-offset but- stringent industry standards. Every
fields: terfly valves phase of the manufacturing process is
Tank inspection and assessment EEMUA 159 Pipeline ball valves governed by an institutionalised envi-
Tank design and engineering Control valves ronment, health and safety policy. L&T
Tank installation and construction High integrity pressure protection Valves is a wholly owned subsidiary of
Tank jacking and relocating systems Larsen & Toubro.
Tank maintenance and repair
Visit L&T Valves at: STAND E1

Fabricom is part of ENGIE (formerly GDF SUEZ).
Labuan International Business and Financial Centre (Labuan IBFC) offers global
investors and businesses the benefits of being in a well-regulated midshore interna-
tional business and financial center, which provides fiscal neutrality and certainty, in
Visit Fabricom at: STAND E13 addition to being an ideal location for substance creation.
Located off the northwest coast of Borneo, Labuan IBFC provides access to
Malaysias network of more than 80 double taxation agreements and boasts Asias
widest range of business and investment structures for cross-border transactions,
Fort Vale is launching its new safeload loading international business dealings and wealth management needs.
arm, the latest addition to its well-respected range Well-supported by a robust, internationally recognised yet business-friendly legal
of products for the petroleum transfer industry. framework, Labuan IBFC operates within clear and comprehensive legal provisions
Unique safety and design features include an and industry guidelines, enforced by its single regulator, Labuan Financial Services
integral earth system that ensures electrical conti- Authority. With a focus on enabling cross-border transactions, providing risk man-
nuity without separate wiring, a device to prevent agement structures, Islamic financial services, commodities trading incentives and
over-rotation and a 3-seal dual needle/dual ball race wealth management vehicles, the center offers solutions to regional businesses
bearing combination for maximum axial and radial going global or global businesses looking at penetrating Asias burgeoning markets.
strength and performance. The stainless steel
and aluminium construction fitted with specialist
Visit Labuan IBFC at: STAND C43
high-pressure low-friction seals ensures excel-
lent corrosion resistance, rugged durability and
enhanced performance. It will be demonstrating Loadtec Engineered Systems is a global pro-
the safeload loading arm with its range of API vider of unique solutions for bulk fluid transfer and
semi-automatic couplers. tanker fall prevention. The company designs, engi-
neers and supplies bulk fluid transfer packages
including; meter and pump skids; tanker loading
and unloading arms; marine arms; permanent
or temporary tanker access platforms; operator
safety cages; breakaway couplings and dry-dis-
connect systems. Loadtec is represented globally
by a number of agents and distributors.
The company will be on hand at the show to
discuss its newly created company Loadtec
Service which will complement its existing range of products and services.
Loadtec Service is a newly formed installation, maintenance and servicing company
with an international team of engineers and after market professionals with the aim of
providing the best and most comprehensive service team around.
The company has experience of working on all types of road, rail and marine loading
and access systems.
Visit Fort Vale at: STAND E12 Visit Loadtec Engineered Systems at: STAND E19

10th Conference on
Flat Bottom Storage Tanks
October 18 19, 2016 in Munich (Germany)
Topics
International Regulatory Requirements
Design for Special Loads
Emission Reduction and Control
Storage Tanks for New Technologies
www.tuev-sued.de/storagetanks
201701-Flach-anz-210x297-p-16-07-28
TV SD Akademie GmbH Ms. Viktoria Wolter Westendstrae 160 80339 Munich Germany
Registration congress@tuev-sued.de www.tuev-sued.de/storagetanks
Netherlocks
Safety Systems Recognised as an industry standard
offers premium in fluid handling equipment, OPW is
industrial valve revolutionising fluid handling opera-
safety solutions tions globally by optimising safety,
that enhance safety efficiency, reliability and environ-
and efficiency in mental sustainability through inno-
tank storage facili- vative fluid handling and information
ties. At this years management solutions. OPW will be
Tank Storage Asia the company will reveal its new valve displaying its Lynx bottom loading
position indicator. It offers real time position feedback of coupler at this years show.
manual valves to a DCS. The VPI ensures a correct line-up
of your manual valves and avoids: Visit OPW at: STAND B35
Incorrect (off)loading operations
Product spills
Product contamination
The Netherlocks valve interlocks increase operator
safety during critical change overs.
Valve interlocks ensure a predefined valve operating
sequence to avoid human errors during critical change
overs like:
Relief valve switch overs; RPR Technologies with their unique
Pipeline pigging; patented solutions is a leading
Pump start-ups. provider of induction paint removal
The Power Wrench is a pneumatic valve wrench that systems for steel surfaces. Recently,
severely reduces valve operating time and reduces RPR Technologies, along with two
physical strain to the operator. Power Wrench can also consortium partners was granted EU
save actuator capex by using one tool to operate many funding (ECO Innovation) on a project
valves. called GreenTank, aiming to develop
robotic solutions for fast and environ-
mentally friendly stripping of coatings
on storage tanks.
Visit Netherlocks Safety systems at: STAND B33
It is suited for the removal of thick coatings on tanks storage floors and lower
wall section. Using the robotic or semi-automatic solutions, removal rates of 30
Newson Gale m2/hr or more can be achieved depending on type of coatings, conditions and
manufactures film thickness. The RPR Induction system is economic and delivers a signif-
hazardous area icant reduction in energy consumption with no handling of grit or water. It is
static grounding almost quiet and facilitates a safer working environment for the operators and
equipment co-workers. Consequently, a continuous and uninterrupted fast removal process
and services results in shorter down time for the tank owners.
designed to
protect against Visit RPR Technologies at: STAND B31
static sparks,
fires and
explosions in
flammable and
combustible
atmospheres. Static ground indicating systems are
available for drums, IBCs, road tankers, railcars, and
process plant and equipment. Also available are static SafeRack manufactures gangways and loading platforms and provides turnkey
grounding and bonding clamps, cables, and reels; as well services to carriers of crude oil, natural gas and liquid products. Its products help
as test instruments, publications, and training materials. improve safety and productivity at truck, railcar and industrial loading terminals.
Customers are supported from sales and service centres Manufactured using precision laser technology, the systems support safety com-
in the UK, US and Germany and via an international pliance and offer fall protection thats durable, easy to operate and requires little
network of specialist distributors and partners. Newson maintenance.
Gale will be exhibiting the Earth-Rite Multipoint II, a ErectaStep, RollaStep and YellowGate brand turnkey stairs, gates, crossovers, and
unique value proposition that makes the active static work platforms support safety compliance and deliver fall protection ships same day
grounding of multiple items of equipment with interlock and are easy to assemble, install and operate. Manufactured using precision laser
control more cost effective than other options available technology and a patented modular design, the systems have quality, durability and
to the EX/HAZLOC industries. can be easily reconfigured and repurposed as a plants footprint changes.
Visit Newson Gale at: STAND C33 Visit SafeRack at: STAND C27

Scanjet offers con- Timm Elektronik is a specialised developer and producer of

tainerised systems electronic measurement and control devices for use in hazardous
designed to fluidise and environments. The company is a European market leader for
remove hydrocarbons grounding control devices. The intelligent explosion protection
sludge from crude-oil, allows easy commissioning and maintenance while adhering to
HFO, and complex the highest safety standards and it is used in the petrochemical
slop-oils stored in and chemical industry. These products provide safe loading and
aboveground storage unloading of inflammable liquids as well as qualified access con-
tanks. The system is trol to hazardous areas.
produced by Entecx in Together with their Singaporean business partner OSK Industrial
Denmark and integrates and their longtime software partner Implico the company will
the most reliable jetting be displaying a range of its products including the EUS-2 overfill
nozzles in the market prevention controller, the EKX-4 grounding control device and the
produced by Scanjet next generation of marine grounding, the SEK-3.
from Sweden. The
process is based on
mechanical and thermal treatment at the lowest possible tempera-
ture. This allows maximum preservation of valuable light-fractions of
hydrocarbons. The sludge removal and surfaces cleaning uses the
non-invasive concept through programmable and remote-controlled
jetting-nozzles. The control philosophy of the entire process is based
on a proprietary user-friendly system encompassed with an optimal
man-machine interface. Thus, personnel are not exposed to hazardous
or potentially explosive environments. The process fully complies with
the European ATEX directive.
Visit Scanjet at: STAND C31
Visit Timm Elektronik at: STAND C12
Techflow Marine are a Tristar Terminals Guam is the largest single storage fuel farm in
global supplier of fluid the region with four million barrels of storage capacity spread across
transfer systems to the 237 acres. The terminal has 26 tanks interconnected to the Port
oil, gas and petrochem- Authority of Guams oil berths, other major customers and storage
ical industries, delivering terminals by means of an eight kilometer-long three underground
innovative solutions to pipelines. Tristar manages its operations and processes through the
major blue chip compa- utilisation of a world-class management system that holds SQAX,
nies worldwide. Working ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certifications as well as
together with an ISO 39001 certification for its road safety management system.
international petrochem-
ical company Techflow Marine has developed a global Edison
gold award winning quay reel loading and unloading system,
resulting in reduced vessel loading times, reduced demurrage
times and providing opportunity for further volume increases. The
multi-product loading and unloading system allows simultaneous
and safe transfer of fluids to and from product tankers, reducing
operational time by more than 60%. The quay reel system is
based on Techflow Marines proven offshore oil and gas industry
technology, supplied on more than 1,000 reels, in over 120
projects worldwide. The company is working with clients around
the world developing quay reel system from 2 to 16 NB crude
offloading systems.
Visit TechFlow Marine at: STAND C34 Visit Tristar Terminals Guam at: STAND E10

Organised by:
2425 November, Saint-Petersburg
11th Annual Congress and Exhibition
Crude oil, LPG and petroleum

products trading and transportation
Among industry speakers:
Sergey Andronov, Konstantin Khamlay, Alevtina Kirillova, Ellen Ruhotas, Siamak Goudarzi, Aleksandr Tiumin,
Vice-President, General Director, Head of transporta- Managing CEO, Head of the
Transneft Ust-Luga Oil tion tariff policy Director, Open Iran Group tank farm,
department, Ratio group Gazpromneft-
Russian Railways (Singapore) Terminal
Gain insight on the current and prospective projects in the industry

of oil, petroleum products and LPG transportation and ensure you Register today with
are making the best strategic commercial decisions out of them 15% discount:
Network with 300+ industry leaders, including more than 70 heads www.oilterminal.org/en/
of international and Russian oil and gas majors, transport companies, events@vostockcapital.com
investors, worlds leading technology and equipment providers +44 207 394 30 90
Draw the attention of 50+ potential investors by taking part in an +7 (499) 505 1 505
exhibition (a dedicated manager will be scheduling tet-a-tet meetings)
Gold Sponsors: Special

partner:
Sponsors:

TTK is one of the worlds leading manufac-

turers of liquid leak detection systems and
offers a range of oil leak detection systems
specifically designed to identify and locate all
liquid hydrocarbon leaks in tank farms, pipe-
lines, airports and refineries. Zhejiang Jialong Mechnical Equipment Co is the
The system, based on sensing cables, biggest Chinese manufacture of tank truck manhole
probes and digital monitoring panels, is covers, bottom loading equipment, vapour recovery
capable of detecting petroleum, fuel, crude oil, equipment, anti-overfill system equipment and fuel
and jet fuel. The sensing cable and probe are dispenser parts. It is the main supplier for CIMC and
fast-responding, re-usable and ATEX approved, Sinopec. All the products have presence in domestic
allowing early accurately located detection of and international markets with API, CE, ADR, PEI
oil leaks. and ISO certification.
With its headquarters based in Paris and all
products manufactured in France, TTKs products hold a number of recognised inter-
national safety and specific approvals such as UL, TUV/GS, IEC, and ATEX.
TTK systems provide continuous monitoring to secure assets and protect the
environment in which they are installed, and can offer tailored solutions for various
projects.
Visit TTK at: STAND B34
Visit Zhejiang Jialong Mechnical Equipment Co

at: STAND D19
Verwater has been permanently based in

Singapore since 1992 but has been car- Zwick is a leading manufacturer of valves with
rying out tank jacking projects in Singapore, a product range that contains metal-seated triple
Malaysia and Brunei since the 1970s. It is offset butterfly valves known as series Tri-con,
focused on tank jacking works and tank foun- the check valves, called Tri-check and the Tri-block
dation repairs and since 1992, more than 220 series, Zwicks double block and bleed design.
tanks were jacked. The company relocated a The double block and bleed design features every
70 meter floating roof tank in Port Dickson, technical advantage which the series Tri-con has
Malaysia. In June 2016, the company shifted plus there is a true double block and bleed feature
a tank on one of the refinery sites in Singapore using the skid-method. The combina- which delivers zero leakage. By using this design,
tion of the unique Verwater jacking system together with its skid-system enabled the the former two valve system with a spool piece
company to shift the tank temporarily for foundation repair (piling) after which the tank becomes obsolete. With Zwicks unique design of
was placed back on its renewed foundation. the linkage between the two shafts, the user is able
to actuate both shafts with only one actuator and
Visit Verwater at: STAND A20 reach zero leakage with the two available sealing
surfaces.
Viscoy is a specialist supplier of remote

visual inspection (RVI) equipment. It offers
the full range of RVI products to address any
visual inspection requirements. Products
include small diameter endoscopes capable
of accessing the smallest cavities, remotely
controlled crawler systems and push cameras
for inspection of long pipeline networks as well
as powerful pan, tilt and zoom cameras for
inspection of large storage tanks or confined
spaces. Viscoy also offers customised inspec-
tion systems.
Visit Viscoy at: STAND D18 Visit Zwick at: STAND E15

Argus Africa Storage
EVENTS l XXXXXX XXXXXX
and Logistics 2016 argusmedia.com
DoubleTree Hilton Hotel, Cape Town, South Africa

16 November Investing in Infrastructure Summit
17-18 November AfricaConsulting
Storage and Logistics Conference
Events
Tank Storage Magazine Discount

Quote TSMASL20 to receive 20% off
Your headline speakers include:
Dipo Salimonu Shem Simuyemba, Fund Manager, Barbara Mommen, CEO, Ezekiel Adesina
Chief Executive, Nepad Infrastructure Maputo Corridor Senior Business &
Moteriba Terminals Project Preparation Facility Logistics Initiative Strategy Analyst,
& Logistics (NEPAD-IPPF) Nigeria LNG
Topics on the agenda include: Join us and benefit from:

Tank owners and operators: Explore the New! Investing in Infrastructure Summit: The realities
developments of ports and storage availability of financing the continents infrastructure projects
New! Operational steam: Building storage tanks, key Champagne round tables: Examine operational,
HSEQ guidelines, prevention not reaction trading and strategic issues with peers
New! Trading and Strategy streams: Floating storage, New! Live debates: How to overcome logistical
refining capacities and landscape, SPMs vs berthing challenges and get oil products to inland countries
Exhibitors Supporting Partners Official Publication Official Media Partner
Official Social Media Media Partner
View the agenda and register at www.argusmedia.com/africa-storage

EVENTS l ILTA REVIEW
Winners of the ILTA safety

excellence award
Arc Terminals Holdings NuStar Energy
MIXING
Benchmark River and Rail Odfjell Terminals
Terminals
Petro-Diamond Terminal
Demaco Terminal
BUSINESS
Company
Operations
Intercontinental Terminals Phillips 66 Company

Company
WITH
Sunoco Logistics Partners
Kinder Morgan Energy
Partners
Tesoro Logistics
Marathon Petroleum
NETWORKING
Company U.S. Venture
Motiva Enterprises Vecenergy
T
his years ILTA kicked off with a real life story from Brad Livingston,
who shared his experiences of being in a workplace accident.
Livingston was the victim of two back to back explosions while
performing hot work to repair a pinhole leak on a drip tank at a natural gas
well. He suffered broken bones and third degree burns on more than 60% of
his body.
His resounding message to delegates was to think of the ripple effects
that your actions have. The only reason you dont follow procedure is to
save time, he said. In the case of his own accident, by not gauging the tank,
he would have saved himself three minutes.
Is saving that time really worth all the hurt and pain an accident would
cause your friends and family?
SOMETHING A LITTLE DIFFERENT

One of the highlights of the second day of the event was the entertainment
from The Passing Zone, an act that featured on Americas Got Talent.
Not only did they show off their juggling and balancing skills they also
brought Earl Crochet from Kinder Morgan and Melinda Whitney onto the
stage much to the amusement of the audience!
A few photos from this years Monday night party, hosted by Tank Storage
Magazine, Easyfairs and VapourFlow

EVENTS l ILTA REVIEW
Hosted by:
4-7 APRIL 2017

Makuhari Messe Chiba
Tokyo Japan
Official Knowledge Partner: Organised by:
The 2017 Conference

Final Call for Papers
The Gastech 2017 conference includes a TECHNICAL SESSIONS INCLUDE:
broader choice of topics than ever, with four Coal Bed Methane/Coal Seam Gas LNG & Gas for Transport: Sea
Resources
times as many technical sessions running Digital & Data Management
LNG & Gas fro Transport: Land
LNG Shipping: Ship Design & Build
compared to 2015. Japan will host our Engineering, Procurement
LNG Shipping: Cargo Handling
& Construction
largest-ever conference, welcoming more LPG Shipping
Floating LNG
than 200 speakers and 2,500 delegates all Fuel Cell & Battery Technology
Gas & LNG Process Engineering
representing the natural gas & LNG value Gas & LNG Storage & Containment
Gas & LNG Process Control
Instrumentation
chain at core commercial and technical Gas from Unconventional Resources:
Heat Transfer/Exchange Technology
Technology & Solutions
levels. Gas from Unconventional Resources:
LNG /Cryogenic Technology
Risk Assessment Operations, Maintenance & Reliability
There is still time to apply to speak. Just review Gas to Liquids/Natural Gas Liquids Small-Scale LNG & Infrastructure
Gas Fired Power Generation: Smart Grids
the commercial and technical themes opposite, Engineering & Technology
Transmissions Systems & Pipelines
then upload your summary abstract to the Health, Safety, Security
& Environment: People
website. Details are on this form, so dont Health Safety Security Environment:
miss out our final deadline to accept any Asset Infrastructure
applications is 9 September.
COMMERCIAL SESSIONS INCLUDE:
The Future for Gas in the New Dawn of Gas & LNG Project Progress
Tighter Economics and Lower Carbon & Updates
Emissions
New Frontiers, Opportunities
Contracting, Pricing & Trading of & Investments in Projects
Gas & LNG
To find out more about the submission process, please email

the conference content team on content@dmgevents.com.
Or, visit our website: www.gastechevent.com/tsm2
EVENTS l TANKBANK REVIEW
A MEETING OF MINDS ON
THE MEDITERRANEAN
As Israel looks to move away from coal to natural gas, the country is looking for
further investment in its energy infrastructure
I
srael is undergoing an energy revolution and is poised to transform the It is the sink for crude oil, she said.
sector with more investment into storage and pipeline infrastructure. The Middle East is also a booming region for storage particu-
The countrys energy shift and its implications on the storage sector larly Fujairah. The storage industry has really taken off here over
as well as emerging global trends was a key talking point at this years the last 12 months, Ruhotas said.
Tankbank in Tel Aviv as industry professionals gathered to debate the current Fujairah is an example of this real take off. By 2018 it will have
market dynamics. increased by 55% on the back of blending for petroleum and fuel oil.
Yossi Rosen, from Israels Institute of Energy and Environment, said that Delek and PiGlilot Terminals Moshe Busany gave an overview
there is ample investment opportunity for private companies seeking to of the facilities operations in Israel followed by Eastport Globals
enhance and improve current infrastructure. Mike Beviss, who provided an overview of storage in Europe.
We are having a revolution but our infrastructure is not ready for this. We On the second day, delegates were treated to a guided tour
currently rely on one significant pipeline for natural gas and we need addi- of Old Jaffa, sponsored by the Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline Company,
tional pipelines only way to develop it is through the private sector. with a fascinating insight into the colourful history of ancient port
Additional pipelines could transform the industry and there is an invest- city.
ment opportunity for the country. They were then given a tour of Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline
Platts Andrew Bonnington provided an overview of the current global Companys Ashkelon terminal. EAPC serves as a land bridge
crude markets, and told delegates that there has been a 90% rise in oil to transport crude oil from producing areas to consumers in
prices since January 2016. He highlighted that the US has changed the Israel, Europe, southeast Asia and the far east through it pipeline
crude production landscape, and since 2012 there have been large increases system, which comprises three separate pipelines.
in its production to such an extent that it is now considered to be a swing The company has two oil terminals one in Eilat on the Red
producer. Sea and one in Ashkelon on the Mediterranean with a combined
However, he said that global demand is now slowing after hitting a five- capacity of 3.7 million m3 for crude oil and oil products. The two
year high in 2015. terminals are connected with a 42 pipeline. This is one of the
This was echoed by Ratio Groups MD Ellen Ruhotas, who observed that largest independent oil terminals in the Mediterranean Basin
supply and demand will come back into balance in 2017. Deputy general manager Effie Milutin said that Ashkelon
Despite demand waning, Asia remains the largest growth area for crude terminal underwent a five million barrels expansion five years ago,
oil demand. Ruhotas said that in April, China took delivery of a record amount and that plans are in place for an additional five million barrels to
of crude oil, with eight million barrels per day. be added.

EVENTS l CALENDER
EVENTS 2016/17
SEPTEMBER 2016 26th 27th October 2016 MEDIA PARTNER
6th 8th September 2016 MEDIA PARTNER Asian Downstream Week
Marina Bay Sands, Singapore
Asia Pacific Petroleum Conference
The Asian Downstream Week conference will be split into three streams to
Raffles City Convention Centre, Singapore
allow greater focus in each area.
www.gevme.com/the-32nd-asia-pacific-petroleum-conference-appec-2016 www.downstream-asia.com
7th-8th September MEDIA PARTNER 27th October 2016 MEDIA PARTNER
European Bulk Liquid Storage NISTM 6th Missouri Storage Tank Conference
Tarragona, Spain Blue Springs, Missouri
This two day event will bring together key industry stakeholders from the www.nistm.org
sector to address a need to invest in storage facilities and expansion of
terminals with a focus on safety and environmental standards.
www.wplgroup.com/aci/event/european-bulk-liquid-storage
NOVEMBER 2016
15th 17th November 2016 MEDIA PARTNER
27th-28th September OFFICIAL PUBLICATION
InterModal Europe
Tank Storage Asia Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Marina Bay Sands, Singapore www.intermodal-events.com
Tank Storage Asia is the fastest growing show in the StocExpo and
Tank Storage portfolio of events. The two day conference and exhibition 16-17th November OFFICIAL PUBLICATION
brings the Southeast Asian bulk liquid storage industry together to net-
work, learn and do business. Tank Storage Germany
www.tankstorageasia.com
Hamburg Messe, Hamburg, Germany
www.tankstoragegermany.com
28th-29th September OFFICIAL MEDIA PARTNER
NISTM 9th Annual Aboveground Storage 17th 18th November 2016 MEDIA PARTNER
Tank Conference and Trade Show Argus Africa Storage and Logistics
Galveston, Texas
Cape Town, South Africa
www.nistm.org
www.argusmedia.com
29th September MEDIA PARTNER
24th 25th November 2016 OFFICIAL MEDIA PARTNER
Tank Storage Association Oil Terminal 2016
E.ON Lounge, Ricoh Arena, Coventry
Saint Petersburg, Russia
www.tankstorage-event.org.uk
www.oilterminal.org/en
OCTOBER 2016 FEBRUARY 2017

1st-4th October MEDIA PARTNER 21st-23rd February MEDIA PARTNER
50th EPCA Annual Meeting IP Week 2017

Budapest, Hungary London, United Kingdom
www.epca.eu www.energyinst.org
3rd-5th October MEDIA PARTNER
Global LNG Tech Summit

MARCH 2017
Barcelona, Spain 28th-30th March OFFICIAL PUBLICATION
www.lngsummit.com
StocExpo Europe
10th-13th October MEDIA PARTNER Ahoy Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
API Tank, Valves, and Piping www.stocexpo.com
Conference and Expo

Las Vegas, Nevada, US
APRIL 2017
www.api.org
26th-27th April OFFICIAL PUBLICATION
18th 19th October 2016 MEDIA PARTNER
International Conference on StocExpo Middle East Africa

Dubai World Trade Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Flat Bottom Tanks
Tank World Expo will return to the Dubai World Trade Centre under the
Munich, Germany
new name of StocExpo Middle East Africa
www.tuev-sued.de/academy/conference-management/tank-storage-sys- www.stocexpomiddleeastafrica.com
tems/international-conference-on-flat-bottom-tanks

EVENTS l CALENDER
ADVERTISERS INDEX
Alma/Carbovac 19
STORAGE IS
Anton Parr 12 GETTING SOCIAL
Argus Africa 96
Asian Downstream Week 83
What the storage terminal sector has
been saying on Twitter.
ATEC Steel 48
AUMA 10 Follow @tankstorageinfo for the latest news & developments and
Belfa Construt 25 @TStorageAwards for more about our first awards event in 2017!
Blackmer 58
Borsig 56 @training8m
Brodie 65 A global products glut that has led storage tanks from
Cashco 64 Houston to Singapore to reach near capacity is also
CB&I 57 weighing
Chemie-Tech 61
Emco Wheaton 13,15
Emerson Process Management 51 @sarahkgregory
Fenelon Storage Tanks 11 Oil tankers sent the long way around Africa due to lack of
Flotech 43 sales, storage #oilandgas #brokers #shipping
Fort Vale 70
Gastec 98
Hayward Baker 69
Inter Tank 54
@HCarbonsMex
Investors interested to invest in storage, transport,
Intermodal Europe 89
distribution & logistics centres for oil reception from abroad
Kanon 14
Loadtec Front Cover
Matcor 35
Midwest Steel 72 @Stockriddler
Milton Roy 44 When we had 420 million barrels of oil in storage, oil was
Newson Gale 9 29 dollars a barrel. Now we got 521 million and oil is 43,
Nordic Storage 42
makes sense
Oil Terminal 2016 94
Oiltanking 73
Omni Valve 62
@Kalei53scop3
Wait ...what happens when crude oil storage gets filled
OPW 80
up?? Where does the extra oil go?
Oreco 19
Protego 87
Rosen 86
Rotary Outside Back Cover @TSWDT
RPR Technologies 23 Oil demand can shrink when storage reach maximum
SafeRack 4 capacity in the end of this year.
Silverwing 7
Solventas 75
Tank Connection 66
Tank Design House 2
@WSJ
The historic fall in oil prices has created a pileup of
Tank Storage Asia 21
inventories, but how much is unclear
Tank Storage Germany 77
TSA 82
TUV Sud 91
Vacono 52 @OilandEnergy
Verwater 17 US #Crude Imports continue to keep storage levels
Viking Inspection Inside Front Cover elevated as domestic #oil production falls second week in
Zwick 79 a row
Chemical Storage Supplement

Advanced Poymer Coatings 1 @chris1reuters
Arabian Chemical Terminals 3 Floating #oil storage is rising not falling and a response to
IFC Inflow Inside Front Cover severe global glut, says @MorganStanley #OPEC #Brent
Port of Tarragona Front Cover
TEPSA 8
Tank Storage Magazine (ISSN 1750-841X) is published six times a year (in February, March, May, August, October and November) by Easyfairs UK Ltd, 2nd Floor, Regal House, 70 London Road, Twickenham, TW1
3QS, UK. The 2016 US Institutional subscription price is $240. Airfreight and mailing in the USA by Agent named Air Business, C/O Worldnet Shipping USA Inc., 155-11 146th Street, Jamaica, New York NY11434.
Periodical postage pending at Jamaica NY 11431. Subscription records are maintained at Easyfairs UK Ltd, 2nd Floor, Regal House, 70 London Road, Twickenham, TW1 3QS, UK. Air Business Ltd is acting as our mailing agent.

EVENTS l XXXXXX XXXXXX
ROTARY AT A GLANCE
ROTARY is one of the region's leading oil and gas infrastructure

services companies with extensive international experience
offering fully integrated engineering design, procurement,
construction (EPC) and maintenance services to the oil and
gas, petroleum and petrochemical industries.
Headquartered in Singapore, Rotary has established a strong

presence in the Asia-Pacific region and continues to make its Rotary is ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS certified and is listed
mark as a global player. Established in 1972, Rotary has forged on the mainboard of Singapore Exchange since 1993.
a reputation built on its hallmark traits of providing quality
services, within budget, safely and on-time delivery. Today, Rotary's capabilities include:
Rotary boasts a total strength of about 6,000 employees, EPC for bulk liquid storage terminals
including a highly and multi-skilled workforce that forms the EPC for offsite & utilities
mainstay of its core EPC services. Front-end engineering design (FEED) & detailed engineering
Singapore remains a key market for Rotary while it actively Electrical & instrumentation works
seeks business opportunities overseas. Rotary has subsidiaries Civil, structural & building works
and associate companies in Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Maintenance of process plants & facilities
India, China, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Fabrication of modules
Australia and Myanmar. Specialised services
Rotary Engineering Limited

102
HQ: 17 Tuas Avenue 20 Singapore 638828 AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4
Tel: (65)6866 0800 Fax: (65)6866 0999 Email: bdd@rotaryeng.com.sg

TSM August-Sept Issue 4 Volume 12 LR

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The voice of the storage terminal industry

AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 Volume 12 Issue No.4

WORTH THE INVESTMENT RISK

REGIONAL FOCUS: ASIA

Visit us at the Tank

Heat Exchanger Inspection

Rope Access Solutions Steve Delves, Managing Director

Providing a Global NDT Service

Laser Surveying in Partnership with

2 AUGUST/SEPTEMBER VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4

17 Africa & Middle East

26 Oiltanking returns to Indonesia

30 Storage equilibrium in Singapore

32 Logistical expertise to satisfy Asias demand

36 Asia: The global energy driver

24 Future proofing tank storage operations

34 Tank storage worth the investment risk

AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4 01

Part of the Fenelon Group

0151 357 4439

02 AUGUST/SEPTEMBER VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4

59 All in one armour for secondary containment

63 LNG: The energy of tomorrow

67 Instilling industry-wide NDT best practice

71 Why jack a tank?

74 The importance of checking for corrosion under

AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4 03

MODULAR PLATFORMS AND STAIRS

THE UNIVERSAL SWING GATE

CUSTOMIZED INDUSTRIAL STAIRS

+44 (0) 1843 609672 | www.saferack.com

WORTH THE INVESTMENT RISK

Volume 12 Issue No.4

REGIONAL FOCUS: ASIA

Front cover courtesy of Loadtec

PUBLISHER ONLINE & CONTENT EDITOR

INTERNATIONAL SALES MANAGER PORTFOLIO MARKETING MANAGER

DATABASE MANAGER SUBSCRIPTION MANAGER

CONTACT SUBSCRIPTION RATES

t: +44 (0) 20 8843 8800 A one-year, 6-issue subscription costs 150

Easyfairs CONNECT WITH US

Tank Storage Magazine

AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4 05

Worth the risk

06 AUGUST/SEPTEMBER VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4

AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4 07

BP to sell UK storage terminals

China plans to grow strategic petroleum reserve storage

Magellan and LBC to expand crude oil storage

LOOP commissions extra crude storage capacity

US Gulf Coast petrochemical complex considered

For the latest tank storage news visit www.tankstoragemag.com

08 AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4

Dunkerque LNG facility starts up

The Madrid Spirit delivered 130,000 m3 of LNG originating from a

Thames Oilport expands diesel

BP to sell UK storage terminals 100

BP plans to sell part of its stake in several UK storage terminals

According to The Daily Telegraph the oil major also plans to

Storage terminal developments

For decades, AUMA actuators have excelled

10 AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2016 VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO.4

anzeige_halbe_Seite_tsm.indd 1 22.01.2016 10:46:54

0151 355 2685