St.

Paul University Manila

(St. Paul University Systems)

CURADA, Toni Grace S March 04, 2017 at 06:25 PM

Grade 11 St. Dominic Mr. Junlor C. Dacsa I

REFLECTIVE LEARNING JOURNAL

Week 11 (February 27 March 03, 2017)

On February 27 March 03, 2017 what we have tackled is about, the Two Types

of Alternative Hypothesis Tests, which are the Non directional and the Directional.

And what I have learned is that Non directional, also we can call a two tailed

test, is when the alternative hypothesis utilizes the (not equal) symbol. While, in

the Directional, also we can call as one tailed test, is when the alternative

hypothesis utilizes the > (greater than) or the < (less than) symbol. For me, to

understand what will I use to identify the two tailed and the one tailed (whether it

is left or right tailed) in the problem is that when there are words like greater,

efficient, improves, effective, increases, its identify the right tailed. But, if there are

also words like decrease, less than, smaller, it identifies the left tailed, but if any of

these words does not have in the given problems it simply means it is a two tailed.

Here is the example on identifying the two types of alternative hypothesis.

Example: The section of Anatomy in the grade 9, believes that, in this coming third

quarterly his grade will improves compare to his previous grade. That students grade

from his previous quarterly was 86.

Solution:
Step 1. State the null hypothesis in symbols

H0: = 86

Step 2. Determine whether the test is directional (one tailed) or non-directional (two
tailed).
Since in the problem used the word improves, it will be directional and also be
right tailed.

H1: 86 (alternative hypothesis)

Step 3. Show the normal curve of the alternative hypothesis.

Directional (right tailed)

We get the a = 0.05 because in our last topic we have discussed about
confidence level. Wherein we used the 95% (which in decimal is 0.05,
because of the 5%) since it is the commonly used confidence level.

Additional to the lesson that we have tackled is the Two Types of Statistical

Errors. Wherein the first type is called the Type I error, denoted by a (alpha), which

rejects the null hypothesis where in fact it is true. And the second type is called the

Type II error, denoted by (beta), which accepts the null hypothesis where in fact it is

false. In short, Type I error is when we reject the Truth, while in the Type II error is

when we accept the False.

For me to clearly explain what I understood, here is the example.

Example: We reject the mean IQ of statistics teachers is 120 when it really is 120.
Solution: The type of error in this problem is Type I error, because we reject the truth.

Another topic that I have learned is about z test and t test. A z test is

being used when the sample size is less than 30 (n < 30), while a t test is used when

the sample size is greater than or equal to 30 (n 30). To know how to apply the z

test and the t test in a problem is that, when the number of sample in the given is

one, or two or more but, greater than or equal to 30 we will use the z test. However,

when the number of sample in the given is also one, two or more but, less than to 30 it

means we will use the t test.

Gracelda S. Curada
Parents signature