Solution Final Exam.

2015
General
Fluid: Water @ 20 C
= 1000 kg/m3 = 9810 N/m3
patm = 1.013 bar g= 9.81 m/s2
pv = 0.024 bar = 3.1416
= 0.001 kg/m/s (N s/m2)

Point (1): Water surface in reservoir (1)

Z1 = -2 m
p1 = 0 bar
v1 = 0 m/s
Point (2): Water Jet Exiting from Sprinkler's Nozzle
Z2 = 4 m
p2 = 0 bar
v2 = 4Q/(dN2) m/s
dN = 50 mm

Applying Bernoulli's Eq. between points (1) & (2)

p1/ + Z1 +v12/2g + hP = p2/ + Z2 + v22/2g + hL

hP = p/ + Z + v2/2g + hL

Z = 6 m
p/ = 0 m
v2/2g = kN*Q2 m
kN = 8/(2gdN4)
= 13220.3

QBEP = 110 m3/h

Discharge Pipe
4" steel pipe sch 40 ID = 102.00 mm
L = 100 m
e = 0.045 mm
Asume v = 3.7 m/s .. (when operating @ BEP)
Re = 3.81E+05
f = 0.01767
fL/d = 17.32
K = 3.0
kD = 15514.62 s2/m5

Suction Pipe
5" steel pipe sch 40 ID = 128.00 mm
L= 10 m
e = 0.045 mm
Asume v = 2.4 m/s .. (when operating @ BEP)
Re = 3.04E+05
f = 0.01739
fL/d = 1.36
K = 1.0
 kS = 725.89 s2/m5

hL= (kD+kS)*Q2 .. Q in [m3/s]

System
Hsys = (DZ+DP/g) + (kS+kD+kN)*(Q/3600)2
p/ = 6.00
kS + kD + kN = 29460.8 s2/m6

1) Operation point

NPSH Hsys-
Q [m3/h] Hp [m] [m] Hsys
R 2
60.0 35.80 0.610 5.50 14.18 16.18
70.0 35.40 0.640 5.75 17.14 19.14
80.0 34.80 0.660 6.00 20.55 22.55
90.0 34.00 0.680 6.25 24.41 26.41
100.0 33.10 0.700 6.50 28.73 30.73
110.0 31.80 0.715 6.80 33.51 35.51
120.0 30.00 0.705 7.10 38.73 40.73
130.0 27.30 0.670 7.40 44.42 46.42

Hp Hsys Hsys(+2 m) N=1300 RPM

50.00

45.00

40.00

35.00

H [m]
30.00

25.00

20.00

15.00

10.00
50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 110.0 120.0 130.0 140.0

Q [m3/h]

Operation Point v2 = 15.14 m/s

Q = 107.00 m /h3 vD = 3.64 m/s
H = 32.00 m vS = 2.31 m/s
= 0.71 hLD = 13.706 m
NPSHR = 6.70 m hLS = 0.6413 m
P = 13.14 kW hL1-2 = 14.347 m
Cavitation:
 hLS = 0.64 m ZS = 0 m
vS = 2.31 m/s Z1 = -2 m
pS/ = -2.91 m-H2O p1 = 0 bar-G
pV/ = -10.08 m-H2O
NPSHA = 7.17 m No Cavitation

2) if the water level in the reservoir drops 2.0 m

Operation Point
Q = 104.00 m3/h vD = 3.54 m/s
H = 36.20 m vS = 2.25 m/s
= 0.80
NPSHR = 6.60 m
P = 12.82 kW
Cavitation: m
hLS = 0.61 m ZS = 0 m
vS = 2.25 m/s Z1 = -4 bar
pS/ = -4.86 m-H2O p1 = 0
pV/ = -10.08 m-H2O
NPSHA = 5.22 m Cavitation occurs !!!

3) Closing the gate valve gradually until Q=90 m3/h

Q = 90 m3/h vD = 3.06 m/s

vS = 1.94 m/s
Pd = ?
hP = p/ + Z + v2/2g
hp = 34 m
Z = 0 m
v /2g = 0.28
2
m m
p/ = (pd-ps)/ = 33.7 m ZS = 0 m
hLS = 0.45 m Z1 = -2 bar
ps/ = -2.65 m p1 = 0
pd/ = 31.07 m
3.05 bar

4) Changing Speed

N1 = 1450
N2 = 1300

1450 1300
Q Hp Q Hp

[m3/h] [m] [m3/h] [m]
60.0 35.80 0.610 53.793 28.776 0.610
70.0 35.40 0.640 62.759 28.455 0.640
80.0 34.80 0.660 71.724 27.972 0.660
90.0 34.00 0.680 80.69 27.329 0.680
100.0 33.10 0.700 89.655 26.606 0.700
110.0 31.80 0.715 98.621 25.561 0.715
120.0 30.00 0.705 107.59 24.114 0.705
130.0 27.30 0.670 116.55 21.944 0.670
 Q [m3/h] 0 112.5 145 195 230 270
H [m] 35.9 35.9 35.8 35.7 35.5 35
0.000 0.500 0.600 0.700 0.750 0.800
NPSHR [m] 1.6 1.6 1.8 2 2.1 2.5

Q [m3/h] H [m] NPSHR [m]

1 0.0 35.9 0.000 1.6
2 112.5 35.9 0.500 1.6
3 145.0 35.8 0.600 1.8
4 195.0 35.7 0.700 2.0
5 230.0 35.5 0.750 2.1
6 270.0 35.0 0.800 2.5
7 315.0 34.0 0.820 3.0
8 360.0 32.5 0.825 3.2
9 405.0 30.5 0.820 4.0
10 447.5 28.3 0.800 4.5
11 485.0 25.4 0.750 5.5
12 515.0 22.8 0.700 6.0
315 360 405 447.5 485 515
34 32.5 30.5 28.3 25.4 22.8
0.820 0.825 0.820 0.800 0.750 0.700
3 3.2 4 4.5 5.5 6