Designation: A789/A789M 14

Standard Specification for

Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel
Tubing for General Service1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A789/A789M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* 3. Ordering Information

2
1.1 This specification covers grades of average wall
thickness, or, if specified on the order, minimum wall
thickness, of stainless steel tubing for services requiring
general corrosion resistance, with particular emphasis on
resistance to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are suscep-
tible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated
temperatures.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in
brackets. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the M
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:3
A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
Sheet, and Strip
A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for
Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless
Steel Tubes
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 SAE Standard:4
SAE J 1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
(UNS)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A789/A789M13a1.
DOI: 10.1520/A0789_A0789M-14.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-
cation SA789 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
4
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
3.1 Orders for product under this specification should in-
clude the following, as required, to describe the desired
material adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of product (seamless or welded tubes),
3.1.3 Grade (see Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside diameter and average wall thickness,
unless minimum wall thickness is specified),
3.1.5 Length (specific or random),
3.1.6 Optional requirements (for product analysis, see Sec-
tion 8; for hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test, see
Section 10),
3.1.7 Test report required (see the Inspection section of
Specification A1016/A1016M),
3.1.8 Specification designation, and
3.1.9 Special requirements.
4. General Requirements
4.1 Product furnished under this specification shall conform
to the applicable requirements of Specification A1016/
A1016M, unless otherwise provided herein.
5. Manufacture
5.1 The tubes shall be made by the seamless or welded
process with no filler metal added.
6. Heat Treatment
6.1 All tubes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition
in accordance with the procedures shown in Table 2. For
seamless tubes, as an alternate to final heat treatment in a
continuous furnace or batch-type furnace, immediately follow-
ing hot forming while the temperature of the tubes is not less
than the specified minimum solution treatment temperature,
tubes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled
by other means.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements
prescribed in Table 1.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

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 A789/A789M 14
TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA
UNS
C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo N Cu Others
DesignationB
S31200 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 5.56.5 24.026.0 1.202.00 0.140.20 ... ...
S31260 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 0.75 5.57.5 24.026.0 2.53.5 0.100.30 0.200.80 W 0.100.50
S31500 0.030 1.202.00 0.030 0.030 1.402.00 4.35.2 18.019.0 2.503.00 0.050.1 ... ...
S31803 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.56.5 21.023.0 2.53.5 0.080.20 ... ...
S32001 0.030 4.006.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.03.0 19.521.5 0.60 0.050.17 1.00 ...
S32003 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 3.0-4.0 19.5-22.5 1.50-2.00 0.14-0.20 ... ...
S32101 0.040 4.0-6.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.35-1.70 21.0-22.0 0.10-0.80 0.20-0.25 0.10-0.80 ...
S32202 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 1.002.80 21.524.0 0.45 0.180.26 ... ...
S32205 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.56.5 22.023.0 3.03.5 0.140.20 ... ...
S32304 0.030 2.50 0.040 0.040 1.00 3.05.5 21.524.5 0.050.60 0.050.20 0.050.60 ...
S32506 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.015 0.90 5.57.2 24.026.0 3.03.5 0.080.20 ... W 0.050.30
S32520 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.020 0.80 5.58.0 23.025.0 3.5. 0.200.35 0.503.00 ...
S32550 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.56.5 24.027.0 2.93.9 0.100.25 1.502.50 ...
S32707 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.010 0.50 5.59.5 26.029.0 4.05.0 0.300.50 1.0 max Co 0.52.0
S32750C 0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.80 6.08.0 24.026.0 3.05.0 0.240.32 0.50 ...
S32760D 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.08.0 24.026.0 3.04.0 0.200.30 0.501.00 W 0.501.00
S32808 0.030 1.10 0.030 0.010 0.50 7.08.2 27.027.9 0.801.20 0.300.40 ... W 2.102.50
S32900 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 2.55.0 23.028.0 1.002.00 ... ... ...
S32906 0.030 0.801.50 0.030 0.030 0.80 5.87.5 28.0 30.0 1.502.60 0.300.40 0.80 ...
S32950 0.030 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 3.55.2 26.029.0 1.002.50 0.150.35 ... ...
S33207 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.010 0.80 6.09.0 29.033.0 3.05.0 0.400.60 1.0 ...
S39274 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.020 0.80 6.08.0 24.026.0 2.53.5 0.240.32 0.200.80 W 1.502.50
S39277 0.025 0.80 0.025 0.002 0.80 6.58.0 24.026.0 3.004.00 0.230.33 1.202.00 W 0.801.21
S82011 0.030 2.03.0 0.040 0.020 1.00 1.002.00 20.523.5 0.101.00 0.150.27 0.50 ...
S82441 0.030 2.504.00 0.035 0.005 0.70 3.04.5 23.025.0 1.002.00 0.200.30 0.100.80
A
Maximum, unless a range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (...) appear in this table, there is no minimum and analysis for the element need not be determined
or reported.
B
Designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
C
% Cr + 3.3 % Mo + 16 % N $ 41.
D
% Cr + 3.3 % Mo + 16 % N $ 40.

8. Product Analysis
8.1 An analysis of either one billet or one length of
flat-rolled stock or one tube shall be made from each heat. The
chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the
requirements specified.
8.2 A product analysis tolerance (see the annex table on
Chemical Requirements (Product Analysis Tolerances) in
Specification A480/A480M) shall apply. The product analysis
tolerance is not applicable to the carbon content for material
with a specified maximum carbon of 0.04 % or less.
8.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of
two additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes shall
be made. Both retests for the elements in question shall meet
the requirements of this specification; otherwise, all remaining
material in the heat shall be rejected or, at the option of the
producer, each billet or tube may be individually tested for
acceptance. Billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes that do
not meet the requirements of this specification shall be re-
jected.
NOTE 1For flange and flaring requirements, the term lot applies to all
tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size and wall thickness that are
produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat treatment is in a
batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size
and from the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace charge.
When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, or when heat
treated condition is obtained directly by quenching after hot forming, the
number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall be
determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table 3.
NOTE 2For tension and hardness test requirements, the term lot
applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall
thickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat
treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of
the same size and the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace
charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, or when
heat treated condition is obtained directly by quenching after hot forming,
a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the
same furnace at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed, or
all tubes of the same size and heat, hot formed and quenched in the same
production run.
9. Mechanical Tests Required
9.1 Tension TestsOne tension test shall be made on a
specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall
be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50
tubes (see Note 2).
9.2 Flaring Test (for Seamless Tubes)One test shall be
made on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot
(see Note 1) of finished tubes. The minimum expansion of the
inside diameter shall be 10 %.
9.3 Flange Test (for Welded Tubes)One test shall be made
on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot (see Note
1) of finished tubes.
9.4 Hardness TestBrinell or Rockwell hardness tests shall
be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot (see Note
2).
9.5 When more than one heat is involved, the tension,
flaring, flanging, and hardness test requirements shall apply to
each heat.
9.6 Reverse Flattening TestFor welded tubes, one reverse
flattening test shall be made on a specimen from each 1500 ft
[450 m] of finished tubing.

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 A789/A789M 14
TABLE 2 Heat Treatment TABLE 3 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the
UNS Designation Temperature F [C] Quench Continuous Process or by Direct Quench after Hot Forming
S31200 19202010 rapid cooling in water Size of Tube Size of Lot
[10501100]
2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside diameter not more than 50 tubes
S31260 18702010 rapid cooling in air or water
and 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and over
[10201100]
in wall thickness
S31500 18001900 rapid cooling in air or water
Less than 2 in. [50.8 mm] but over 1 in. [25.4 not more than 75 tubes
[9801040]
mm] in outside diameter or over 1 in.
S31803 18702010 rapid cooling in air or water
[25.4 mm] in outside diameter and under
[10201100]
0.200 in. [5.1 mm] in wall thickness
S32001 18001950 rapid cooling in air or water
1 in. [25.4 mm] or less in outside diameter not more than 125 tubes
[9821066]
S32003 18502050 rapid cooling in air or water
[10101120]
S32101 1870 [1020] min quenched in water or rapidly
cooled by other means
10.2 The hydrostatic test shall be in accordance with Speci-
S32202 18701975 rapid cooling in air or water fication A1016/A1016M, except that in the calculation of the
[10201080] hydrostatic test pressure 64000(441.2) shall be substituted for
S32205 18702010 rapid cooling in air or water
[10201100]
32000(220.6).
S32304 17001920 rapid cooling in air or water
[9251050] 11. Tensile and Hardness Properties
S32506 18702050 rapid cooling in air or water
[10201120] 11.1 The material shall conform to the tensile and hardness
S32520 19752050 rapid cooling in air or water properties prescribed in Table 4.
[10801120]
S32550 1900 rapid cooling in air or water 12. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
[1040] min
S32707 19752050 rapid cooling in air or water 12.1 Variations in outside diameter, wall thickness, and
[10801120]
S32750 18802060 rapid cooling in air or water
length from those specified shall not exceed the amounts
[10251125] prescribed in Table 5.
S32760 19602085 rapid cooling in air or water
[10701140] 12.2 The permissible variations in outside diameter given in
S32808 19202100 rapid cooling in air or water Table 5 are not sufficient to provide for ovality in thin-walled
[10501150] tubes, as defined in the table. In such tubes, the maximum and
S32900 17001750 rapid cooling in air or water
[925955] minimum diameters at any cross section shall deviate from the
S32906 18702100 rapid cooling in air or water nominal diameter by no more than twice the permissible
[10201150]
variation in outside diameter given in Table 5; however, the
S32950 18201880 air cool
[9901025] mean diameter at that cross section must still be within the
S33207 19052085 rapid cooling in water given permissible variation.
[10401140] or by other means
S39274 19202060 rapid cooling in air or water 13. Surface Condition
[10251125]
S39277 19752155 rapid cooling in air or water 13.1 All tubes shall be free of excessive mill scale, suitable
[10801180]
S82011 18502050 rapid cooling in air or water
for inspection. A slight amount of oxidation will not be
[10101120] considered as scale. Any special finish requirements shall be
S82441 1830 [1000] min rapid cooling in air or water subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the pur-
chaser.
10. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test 14. Product Marking
10.1 Each tube shall be subjected to the nondestructive 14.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification
electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type of test to be used A1016/A1016M, the marking shall indicate whether the tubing
shall be at the option of the manufacturer, unless otherwise is seamless or welded and the wall designation (average wall or
specified in the purchase order. minimum wall).

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 A789/A789M 14
TABLE 4 Tensile and Hardness RequirementsA 15. Keywords
Tensile Yield Elongation Hardness, max
Strength, Strength, in 2 in. or 15.1 duplex stainless steel; ferritic/austenitic stainless steel;
UNS Designation
min, ksi min, ksi 50 mm,
HBW HRC
seamless steel tube; stainless steel tube; steel tube; welded steel
[MPa] [MPa] min, %
tube
S31200 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 280 ...
S31260 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 290 30
S31500 92 [630] 64 [440] 30 290 30
S31803 90 [620] 65 [450] 25 290 30
S32001 90 [620] 65 [450] 25 290 30
S32003B 100 [690] 70 [485] 25 290 30
S32101
Wall # 0.187 in. 101 [700] 77 [530] 30 290 ...
[5.00 mm]
Wall > 0.187 in. 94 [650] 65 [450] 30 290 ...
[5.00 mm]
S32202 94 [650] 65 [450] 30 290 30
S32205 95 [655] 70 [485] 25 290 30
S32304
OD 1 in. [25 mm] and
Under 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 ... ...
OD over 1 in. [25 mm] 87 [600] 58 [400] 25 290 30
S32506 90 [620] 65 [450] 18 302 32
S32520 112 [770] 80 [550] 25 310 ...
S32550 110 [760] 80 [550] 15 297 31
S32707 133 [920] 101 [700] 25 318 34
S32750 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 300 32
S32760 109 [750] 80 [550] 25 300 ...
S32808 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 310 32
S32900 90 [620] 70 [485] 20 271 28
S32906
Wall below 0.40 in. 116 [800] 94 [650] 25 300 32
[10 mm]
Wall 0.40 in. [10 mm] 109 [750] 80 [550] 25 300 32
and above
S32950 100 [690] 70 [480] 20 290 30
S33207
Wall below 0.157 in. 138 [950] 112 [770] 15 336 36
[4 mm]
Wall 0.157 in. 123 [850] 101 [700] 15 336 36
[4 mm] and above
S39274 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 310 32
S39277 120 [825] 90 [620] 25 290 30
S82011
Wall 0.187 in. 101 [700] 75 [515] 30 293 31
[5.00 mm] and below
Wall above 95 [655] 65 [450] 30 293 31
0.187 in.
[5.00 mm]
S82441
Wall below 0.40 in. 107 [740] 78 [540] 25 290 ...
[10 mm]
Wall 0.40 in. [10 mm] 99 [680] 70 [480] 25 290 ...
and above
A
For tubing smaller than 12 in. [12.7 mm] in outside diameter, the elongation
values given for strip specimens in Table 4 shall apply. Mechanical property
requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 18 in. [3.2 mm] in outside
diameter or with walls thinner than 0.015 in. [0.4 mm].
B
Prior to A789/A789M04, the values for S32003 were 90 ksi tensile strength and
65 ksi yield strength.

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 A789/A789M 14
TABLE 5 Permissible Variations in Dimensions
Minimum WallE Permissible
Permissible Variations in
Size, Outside Permissible Variations Average Wall D
Variations
Cut Length, in.B Thin Walled
Group Diameter, in. in Outside Diameter, Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness,A
in Wall Thickness,A % [mm] TubesC
[mm] in. [mm] %
Over Under Over Under
1 Up to 12 [12.7], excl 0.005 [0.13] 15 30 0 [3]
18 0 ...

2 to 112 [12.7 to 38.1], excl

12 0.005 [0.13] 10 20 0 [3]
18 0 less than 0.065 in.
[1.6 mm] specified

3 112 to 312 [38.1 to 88.9], excl 0.010 [0.25] 10 20 0

3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.095 in.
[2.4 mm] specified

4 312 to 512 [88.9 to 139.7], excl 0.015 [0.38] 10 20 0

3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.150 in.
[3.8 mm] specified

5 512 to 8 [139.7 to 203.2], incl 0.030 [0.76] 10 20 0

3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.150 in.
[3.8 mm] specified
A
When tubes as ordered require wall thicknesses 34 in. [19 mm] or over, or an inside diameter 60 % or less of the outside diameter, a wider variation in wall thickness
is required. On such sizes a variation in average wall thickness of 12.5 % over or under, or a variation in minimum wall thickness of 25.0 % over and 0 % under, shall be
permitted.
For tubes less than 12 in. [12.7 mm] in inside diameter that cannot be successfully drawn over a mandrel, the average wall thickness may vary 15 % from that specified
or the minimum wall thickness may vary by +30 %, 0 % from that specified.
B
These tolerances apply to cut lengths up to and including 24 ft [7.3 m]. For lengths greater than 24 ft [7.3 m], the above over-tolerances shall be increased by 18 in. [3
mm] for each 10 ft [3 m] or fraction thereof over 24 ft or 12 in. [13 mm], whichever is the lesser.
C
Ovality provisions of 12.2 apply.
D
Applicable to tubing specified as average wall (see 3.1.4).
E
Applicable to tubing specified as minimum wall (see 3.1.4).

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

The following supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the
inquiry, contract, or order.

S1. Pneumatic Test

S1.1 The tubing shall be examined by a pneumatic test
(either air underwater or pneumatic leak test) in accordance
with Specification A1016/A1016M.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A789/A789M14, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved October 1, 2014)

(1) Reduced maximum carbon content of UNS S32760 from

.05 max to 0.030 max.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A789/A789M13, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved October 1, 2013.)

(1) Added UNS S82411 to Table 1, Table 2, and Table 4.

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 A789/A789M 14
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