CELLS All cells are contained by a CELL MEMBRANE that

keeps the pieces inside. When you think about a

Cells are the basic building
membrane, imagine it is like a big plastic bag with
blocks of all living thing.
some tiny holes. That bag holds all of the cell
The human body is composed of trillions of pieces and fluids inside the cell and keeps any nasty
cells. things outside the cell. The holes are there to let
They provide structure for the body, some things move in and out of the cell.
They take in nutrients from food,
They convert those nutrients into energy, What are organelles?
They carry out specialized functions
Cells also contain the bodys hereditary
material and can make copies of themselves.

What are the parts of cells?

Animal Cell Diagram

PLANT CELLS have a cell wall made of

specilizaed sugar called CELLULOSE.
The wall gives the plant strength to
There are many types of cells. The main two grow great heights. The wall also
categories are ANIMAL CELLS and PLANT CELLS. provides protection. Its like keeping
We say "animal-like" because an animal type of cell a balloon in a cardboard box!
could be anything from a tiny MICROORGANISM to
Plant cells are easier to identify because they have
a nerve cell in your brain. Students often take out
a protective structure called a CELL WALL made of
a microscope and look at single-celled microbes
cellulose. Plants have the wall; animals do not.
from pond water. Under the microscope, students
Plants also have organelles such as the green
might see hydra, amoebas, or euglena.
chloroplast or large, water-filled VACUOLES.
Chloroplasts are the key structure in the process
Neuron and
of PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
Brain Cell
 COLOR THE PARTS OF THIS COLOR THE PARTS OF THIS
ANIMAL CELL DIAGRAM PLANT CELL DIAGRAM

Briefly describe the function of the cell parts.

What is the purpose of each cell part? QUESTIONS: Answer these questions on opposite blank page.
1. Cell membrane 1. Name two things found in a plant cell that are not found in
2. Endoplasmic Reticulum an animal cell:
3. Ribosome
2. How does the shape of a plant cell differ from that of an
4. Golgi Apparatus
5. Lysosome animal cell?
6. Microtubule 3. What is the function of the chloroplasts?
7. Mitochondria 4. What is the function of the vacuole?
8. Nucleus
 CHROMOSOMES
Chromosomes are the things that make organisms
what they are. They carry all of the information
used to help a cell grow, thrive, and reproduce.
Chromosomes are made up of DNA. Segments of
DNA in specific patterns are called GENES. Your
genes make you who you are.
You will find the chromosomes and genetic material
in the NUCLEUS of a cell.
MITOCHONDRIA
Mitochondria are known as the
powerhouses of the cell.
They are organelles that act like a DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM which takes in nutrients, breaks them down,
and creates energy rich molecules for the cell.

Scientists count individual strands of

chromosomes.
You probably have 46 chromosomes (23
pairs). Peas only have 12. A dog has 78.
Chromosomes work with other nucleic acids in
the cell to build proteins and help in cell
division.

Watch these amazing animated videos about cells in action!

White Blood Cells Mitochondria

VOCABULARY INHERITED
TRAITS
TERM DEFINITION NOTES
cell Vocabulary
An inherited trait is a trait or character that is
genetically inherited or passed down
cell wall from generation to generation.
TERM DEFINITION NOTES
instinct
chloroplasts

migrate
chromosomes

mimicry
cytoplasm

trait
mitochondria

inherited
nucleus

acquired
unicellular
EXAMPLES of inherited traits:

dimples
LEARNED



Hitchhiker's thumb versus regular thumb
tongue rolling
longer second toe than big toe (or vice
BEHAVIORS
versa)
left-thumbed or right-thumbed when
interlocking fingers Reading a book was not something
earlobes as either attached or unattached inherited from mom or dad. The girl learned how to
read. Reading a book is a learned behavior.
An inherited trait is a characteristic of a living
thing possesses that is inherited
from their parents.

Inherited traits cannot be changed!

Practice genetics with this dog

breeding activity!
What are some behaviors that you have learned?

Watch this BRAIN POP movie and take the quiz

about heredity. Take this quiz to determine the difference between learned
and inherited behaviors and traits.