FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Department of Mechanical Engineering

B-Tech: Engineering: Mechanical

Learner Guide and Research Methodology.

ENGINEERING DESIGN PROJECT IV
(EMMCA4A)

2017
TABLE OF CONTENTS.

1. MODULE INFORMATION. 5

2. WORD OF WELCOME. 5

3. LEARNING OUTCOMES. 5

4. CONTACT PERSONS. 6

5. PREREQOUISITES. 6

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY COURSE PART ONE. 7

6. WHAT IS RESEARCH? 7

7. GENERAL REMARKS OR RULES. 8

7.1 GUIDELINES AND RULES AS WAS DISCUSSED WITH ALL

ENROLLED STUDENTS DURING THE FIRST MEETING. 8

7.2 FURTHER GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS OR RULES. 9

8. ASSESSMENT. 10

9. CALCULATION OF THE FINAL MARK. 12

10. ABSENCE FROM AN ORAL PRESENTATION. 12

11. LATE SUBMISSION OF THE PROJECT REPORT. 12

12. DISHONESTY. 13

13. REMARKS ON CHAPTEWR 2 REVIEW OF THE

RELATED LITERATURE. 13

14. LOG BOOK EXAMPLE PAGE. 15

15. GENERAL TYPING GUIDELINES. 16

15. SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES FOR THE B-TECH

DESIGN PROJECT. 18
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 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY COURSE PART TWO. 21

17. GENERAL REMARKS ON THE B-TECH PROJECT.

21

18. POLICY FOR CONTINUATION OF STUDY FOR THE ENGINEERING DESIGN

PROJECT. 22

17.1 INTRODUCTION. 22

17.2 CONTINUATION OF STUDY DIAGRAM. 23

19. GUIDELINES FOR THE ORAL POWER POINT

PRESENTATION. 25

19.1 PRESENTATION SKILLS. 25

19.2 MID-YEAR PRESENTATION. 25

19.3 YEAR END PRESENTATION. 27

20. CONTENTS AND FORMAT OF THE PROJECT REPORT. 28

20.1 REPORT CONTENTS. 28

20.2 FRONT MATTER. 28

20.3 BODY MATTER. 29

20.4 BACK MATTER. 29

20.5 PROBLEM STATEMENT. (AIN ACTION) 29

20.6 TITLE OF THE PROJECT. 29

20.7 SUB PROBLEMS. (MINOR ACTIONS) 29

20.8 RESOURCES OR TOOLS. 29

21. CONTENTS OF ALL THE REPORT PAGES. 30

21.1 COVER PAGE. 30

21.2 TITLE PAGE. 30

21.3 DECLARATION. 31

21.4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 31

21.5 ABSTRACT. 31

21.6 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 32

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 21.7 LIST OF FIGURES. 32

21.8 LIST OF TABLES. 32

21.9 GLOSSARY OF ABREVIATIONS OR SYMBOLS. 32

21.10 CHAPTER 1. 32

21.11 CHAPTER 2. 33

21.12 CHAPTER 3. 33

21.13 CHAPTER 4 TO CHAPTER N. 33

21.14 CHAPTER N + ONE. 33

21.15 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 33

21.16 ANNEXURES. 34

22. EXAMPLES OF ALL THE REPORT PAGES. 34

22.1 TITLE PAGE. 34

22.2 DECLARATION. 34

22.3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 35

22.4 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 36

22.5 LIST OF FIGURES. 37

22.6 LIST OF TABLES. 37

22.7 GLOSSARY OF ABREVIATIONS OR SYMBOLS. 37

22.8 USE OF HEADINGS. 38

22.9 NUMBERING OF FIGURES. 39

22.10 NUMBERING OF TABLES. 39

22.11 REFERENCES. 40

23. HOW TO USE MS WORD AS A TOOL. 41

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LEARNER GUIDE.
1. MODULE INFORMATION.

ENGINEERING DESIGN PROJECT 4 (EMMCA4A)

This Design Project is a one year compulsory research based project, and forms part of the
qualification, BACALAUREUS TECHNOLOGIAE: ENGINEERING: MECHANICAL.

2. WORD OF WELCOME.

The Department of Mechanical Engineering welcomes you as a Senior Learner enrolled for
the Engineering Design Project (Mechanical) to the Faculty of Engineering at the Vaal
University of Technology.

The department strives towards integration of existing knowledge with new knowledge and
to afford the learner the ability to:

Think logically, and

Gain knowledge of Mechanical Engineering theory and practice, in order to make a
positive contribution to the field of Mechanical Engineering, once you have completed
your studies.

3. LEARNING OUTCOMES TO BE REACHED.

On completion of this module you should:

1. Be introduced to the world of Mechanical Engineering Projects.

2. Be equipped with the necessary decision making techniques to make responsible

decisions.
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 3. Be able to identify the root cause of an existing Mechanical Engineering problem.

4. Be able to decide on the best action to be taken to solve a problem.

5. Be able to construct a logical step by step method to solve the problem.

6. Be able to identify the best available tools, which can be used for solving of the
different steps of the method.

7. Be able to make good use of the chosen tools to reach acceptable scientific results.

8. Be able to reach professional conclusions based on your investigations and design, and
to compile the work done, results and recommendations into a Project Report.

9. Compile the work done, results obtained and recommendations to be made into a
Research Based Project Report.

4. CONTACT PERSONS.

Title and Surname Office number Tel. nr. & E-mail address
(016) 950 9870
Mr JH Jacobs RE 226
jacobusj@vut.ac.za
Mrs Marise
(016) 950 9287
Engelbrecht RE 206
Marisee@vut.ac.za
(Secretary)

5. PREREQUISITES.

National Diploma in Engineering: Mechanical.

An average of 60% for all National Diploma subjects.

For part time students, at least two B Tech subject credits.

The learner should have access to the following technology:

Scientific calculator,

Access to a computer with word processing capability, and

Applicable software packages to solve specific Engineering problems.

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY COURSE PART ONE.

6. WHAT IS RESEARCH?

Research in Mechanical Engineering is an intensive investigation, to solve an existing

Engineering problem. It can further be defined as a well-planned, step by step method, in a
logical order, to result in an acceptable solution to an existing problem.

Research and design are closely related. Both processes are applied to solve an existing
problem. The whole process usually will commence according to the following basic steps,
as was the case in the subject Engineering Design II (EMMCA2A) namely:

Step 1. Recognition of a need. (Some difficulty experienced that needs to be

addressed).

Step 2. Identification of the main Problem or Title, (What must be done to solve the
problem a main action) as well as the Sub-problems. (The logical steps, or
Method, to be followed to solve the main problem minor actions).

Step 3. Gathering of all current existing and available information directly relevant to
the problem and sub-problems.

Step 4. Decision on preliminary ideas (concepts) for possible solution of the main
problem

Step 5. Evaluation of the ideas. (Deciding on the best concept).

Step 6. Designing, implementation and data collection. (By the use of Tools to be used
experimentation, software packages, etc.).

Step 7. Analysis of the data and comparison of the results.

Step 8. Making conclusions.

Step 9. Making recommendations.

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7. GENERAL REMARKS OR RULES.

7.1 Guidelines and regulations as was discussed during the first meeting with all enrolled
students.

It is a one year project, and can therefore only be initially registered for in January.

It is a double credit project (200 hours), and must thus consist of as much work in total
as two B Tech subjects.
Enrolment for EMMCA4A must be done for every semester of study.
The project MUST contain some B Tech subject level knowledge. (No S4student
should be able to complete the Project with only up to S4 subject knowledge).
The project topic should be in the Mechanical study fields namely:
Design, Maintenance, Thermal/Fluids, Vibration and Condition Monitoring.
It is not the responsibility of the University to find you a project. It is possible though,
that you can get involved in projects running in the laboratories. Consult with the lab
Technicians in this regard.
The project should address and solve a real problem in the Mechanical Engineering
field.
The student will work independently on the project and hand in chapters according to
the fixed schedule. Please adhere to the guidelines spelt out in the Learner Guide and
Research Methodology Course!!
A compulsory two session Research Methodology course will be offered after
enrollment, to equip the student with the basic principles to successfully complete
his/her project.
No student will be allowed to continue with the project, without attendance of the
Research Methodology Course, irrespective of the fact that he/she has attended such a
course before.
The student will deliver two oral power point presentations, one progress presentation
in May, and one final presentation in October.
A Draft Project Report, written according to VUT guidelines spelt out in the Study
Guide and Methodology Course, must be handed in one week before the final oral
presentation in October.

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7.2 Further guidelines and regulations.

Please adhere to the enclosed B Tech Design Project Schedule for 2017

All contact sessions are very important. This will ensure that you are on the
correct track, and that your Study Leader is up to date with your progress. At
least three personal contact sessions, spread over semester one (March, April and
May), and at least three personal contact sessions, spread over semester two
(August, September and October), of the schedule are compulsory and crucially
important. Should a contact session or due date for handing in of a chapter be
missed, he/she will be penalized. (Student not permitted to do the Oral
Presentation).

A log book must be kept by the student, for completion by the Study Leader during
every contact session. This log book is COMPULSORY to hand in on the day of the
Oral Presentation. No student will be allowed to do an Oral Presentation regarding the
project, without signed proof and comments by the Study Leader, of visits to the
Study Leader.

If a student is staying very far from the University, or a personal contact session is
impossible, the student must arrange with the study leader for an alternative date or
method of communication. The Study Leader must then sign the log book during the
next personal contact session.

Admission to the Oral Presentation session will only be allowed by permission of the
Study Leader, through the signing off of the log book for the specific semester.

Two Oral Presentation Sessions, to be done by the student, will be held every year, the
first one in May, and the second one in October.

The first presentation of the student will be a Progress Presentation, and if passed, the
second presentation will be the final presentation. A pass mark of 50% is required.

The presentations during May and October are COMPULSORY and on fixed dates,
as the moderators will also attend these presentations. Attendance of the total duration
of the presentation programs is compulsory for all students on the program, because
you as student can learn and benefit a lot from the presentations of the other students.

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 If a student has not progressed satisfactorily, according to the panel during the
presentation in May, he/she will have to repeat the Oral Progress Presentation in
October of the same year. (Refer to Assessment).

Final Oral Presentations can be done during any scheduled presentation session.

NB: Enrolment for the project must be done for each semester of study.

All work handed in must be typed according to the General Typing Guidelines and
Contents and Format of the Project Report explained during the compulsory Part
One and Part Two of the Research Methodology Course.

All documented work in the Report must be the students own work! In chapter two
Review of the Related Literature only existing known published knowledge
directly related to the project must be discussed. Acknowledgement (Reference)
must be given to the author for all contents of this chapter according to the Harvard
Referencing Style. (Google: Harvard Referencing Style).

Please refer to Dishonesty of this Learner Guide.

Two hard copies of the final Project Report, bound in the Comb Bind format, as
well as one soft copy on CD, attached to the inside of the back cover page of the
Project Report, must be handed in on the date stipulated in the Schedule of
Activities.

8. ASSESSMENT.

The Project Proposal will be discussed with you during your first contact session with
your Study Leader. Adjustments can be made to your plan of action during any time
of your study.

During the Progress Oral Presentation in May, your presentation will be evaluated by
an examination panel according to a set mark sheet. The oral mark obtained will be
the average mark of the panel. The mark given for the presentation, will contribute
towards the final mark. This presentation will also serve to establish whether you have
a well-planned method to follow, to at the end, reach a successful solution to the
problem. Positive remarks will be made by the panel or audience during the
presentation. Please take note of these remarks, for it can help to upgrade your
project. A mark of 50% is required to pass this Oral Presentation. Should a student fail

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 this presentation, he/she will need to do another Progress presentation during the next
scheduled Oral Presentation Session.

The average mark of the Progress and Final Oral Presentations, will contribute to 20%
of the Final Project mark.

An average pass mark of 50% for the two presentations is required. Should a student
fail any of the two oral presentations, he/she will have to again do another Progress or
Final Oral Presentation during the next presentation session.

No student will be allowed to do the Final Oral Presentation, without first passing an
Oral Progress Presentation.

During the Final Oral Presentation, your presentation will again be evaluated by an
examining panel, according to a set mark sheet. Your final oral mark will be the
average of the examining panel. This oral mark will contribute towards the final mark
for the project.

The final submitted Project Report will be marked by the Study Leader according to a
set mark sheet. This marked report will then be sent for moderation. Only after the
Report has been returned by the Moderator, your obtained final mark will be
submitted to the examination office for publishing on the ITS system.

The Project Report will contribute to 80% of the final project mark.

According to the rules of examination, no Lecturer or Study Leader is permitted

to disclose any remarks or information concerning the final mark obtained,
before the mark has not been published on the ITS system.

0.1: Sample Figure

: Sample Table

9. CALCULATION OF THE FINAL MARK.

The final mark will be determined as follows:

Average of the two Oral Presentations 20%

Final Project Report 80%

Total 100%

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 A minimum final total of 50% is needed to pass the Engineering Design Project.

NB: ONLY THE FINAL MARK WILL BE PUBLISHED ON THE ITS

SYSTEM.

10. ABSENCE FROM AN ORAL PRESENTATION

The Oral Presentations are COMPULSORY! The fixed dates are reflected in the B-
Tech Design Project Schedule of this Learner Guide. Early arrangements with the
employers must be made to ensure attendance of these presentations.

Should the Progress Oral Presentation be missed, the student will have to do the Oral
Progress Presentation again in October.

Should the Final Oral Presentation be missed, the student has to register again for the
same project during the next semester of study. A Final Oral Presentation can then be
scheduled during the next Progress Oral Presentation.

11. LATE SUBMISSION OF THE PROJECT REPORT.

Should a Project Report be submitted later than the Final Oral Presentation, or
according to alternative arrangements made with the Study Leader, the results might
only become available at the end of the next semester of study.

12. DISHONESTY.

With regard to the Engineering Design Project, dishonesty can result from the
following actions:

Making use of submitted work, or part thereof, for a qualification by previous

students at any Institution.

Plagiarism. This entails the use of knowledge or statements made by Authors of

Publications, directly copied into the Project Report, without giving
acknowledgement thereof through the Harvard Style of referencing. This is an
offence punishable by Law.

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 Any published information, must be summarised in your own words, and must be
referred to (Acknowledged through the Harvard Style of referencing). Only a
FEW short statements by the author, which cannot be expressed in any other way,
may be directly copied, but must then be shown in inverted commas, and also
referred to as above.

The Library can assist with the use of the software programme TurnitIn
Document Viewer to check for plagiarism. (Making use of a previously
published document by some other author).

13. REMARKS ON CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF THE RELATED

LITERATURE.

This chapter should NOT contain your own, or any other peoples views or ideas, but
ONLY provable published information.

When you compile chapter 2 you must address the following:

Your literature review must show evidence of an extensive search for existing
documented information regarding your Project Title and Sub-problems.

You must include the most recent literature.

You must consult a wide spectrum of sources i.e. books, periodicals, scientific journals,
articles, the internet, codes and standards, patent literature, company documents,
conference proceedings, government agencies, etc.

Discuss (Not copy) the literature relevant to each sub-problem separately.

Include only literature relevant to the problem. Dont do page filling. All information
must be referenced according to the Harvard style of referencing.

Your literature review must give a good background to enable any reader not familiar
with the field, to understand the theory, scope, depth, importance and relevance of the
project.

Usually there are contradictions in the literature, or there are older and newer theories.
Maybe there are alternative theories and/or methods. You must discuss and/or point these
out.

Sometimes it is helpful to discuss the history of a problem and/or theory. If this casts light
on your project, you should include it.
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 Discuss applications of the theory and/or technology. This is especially the case when you
are doing a research project.

14. LOG BOOK EXAMPLE PAGE.

LOG BOOK
Engineering Design IV (EMMCA4A)

Student surname and initials. ------------------------------------------

Student Number. ------------------------------------------

Study Leader surname and initials. ------------------------------------------

Date Time Comments by Study Leader Study Student

Leader Signature
Signature

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 Permission to do Oral Presentation.
This student is ready to do the
presentation.
Study Leader Signature ---------------------

15. GENERAL TYPING GUIDELINES.

(NB: Important! Must be adhered to!)

For typing of the report, use 1, 5 or double line spacing on one side only of A4 size paper.

The typeface used must be formal like TIMES NEW ROMAN or ARIAL.

Font size for headings should be between 14 and 20, and for body text 12.

MAIN HEADINGS to be in upper case and Sub-headings in lower case and bold.

Use different font sizes for headings and sub-headings.

Block all headings and text to the left-hand margin, as well as the text to the right hand
margin.

Write in the past tense. (The work has been done already!)

Margins:
o Top: 25 mm.
o Left & bottom: 40 mm.
o Right: 25 mm.

Do not use personal form I or we

No underscoring for any headings.

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 Use numbering as;
o 1.
o 1.1.
o 1.1.1. etc.

Number all figures according to the chapter number.

o E.g. Chapter 4, Figure 4, Figure 4.1, Figure 4.2, etc.

Show figure numbers and Titles below the figures.

o E.g. Figure 4: Shaft seal. (Refer to example page)

Number all tables according to the chapter number.

o E.g. Chapter 6, Table 6, Table 6.1, Table 6.2, etc.

Show table numbers and Titles at top of the table.

o E.g. Table 6: Pipe flow rate. (Refer to example page).

Page numbers should be shown at the bottom centre of each page.

Pages of the Front Matter are numbered from the Title page to the Glossary of
abbreviations and symbols. (Cover page numbered but not visibly).
o E.g. II to VIII.

Pages of the Body and Back matter are numbered numerically.

o E.g. 1 to 115.

NB: The Title page is numbered, but not visibly.

The Report should consist of plus or minus 120 pages.

Use the Harvard style of referencing in your Literature Review.

The title of the project should not start with A or An.

The title should only be about ten to twelve words long.

Leave a space between paragraphs.

16. SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES FOR THE BTECH DESIGN PROJECT.

You must make sure to adhere to this schedule, and follow the guidelines discussed
during the Research Methodology Course on:
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 Contents and Format of the Project Report
Scientific Writing Style.(Typing Guidelines)

Feb 10 Meeting with all enrolled students at 09:00 until 11:30 in Auditorium 100.

Feb 1017. Identification of a suitable project (Problem statement, namely an action to

be taken) by each student that is suitable for the B Tech Design Project IV.
Conducting of a literature study of existing knowledge, only directly
related to the Problem to be solved. (Consult books, periodicals, scientific
journals, the Internet, colleagues, companies, lecture notes, conference
proceedings, and government agencies).

Writing of the Project Proposal. (E-mailed to each student for

completion, after enrolment for the project).

Feb 20 Handing in of the project proposal by e-mail. (WORD FORMAT to

jacobusj@vut.ac.za). The proposal must be written according to the
guidelines discussed at the meeting on 8 February.

Feb 27 Allocation of study leaders. Students will be informed regarding their

study leader names, e-mail address, and contact telephone number.
Students must make an appointment with their study leaders for a
compulsory personal contact session, to take place before or on 6 March, to
discuss the project outline (WHAT, WHY and HOW) as well as the future
plan of action.

March 3
FIRST SESSION OF THE COMPULSORY RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY COURSE.
(09:00 to 13:00).
Venue: Izak Steyll Sport Stadium VIP Lounge.
NB: No student will be allowed to continue with his/her project
without attendance of this Research Methodology Course, whether
he/she has attended a methodology course before.

March 6 Personal contact session with Study Leader regarding the Title of the
project and the Method to be followed. (Compulsory and vitally
important)

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March 17 SECOND SESSION OF THE COMPULSORY RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY COURSE.
(08:00 to 13:00).
Venue: Izak Steyll Sport Stadium VIP Lounge.

NB: No student will be allowed to continue with his/her project

without attendance of this Research Methodology Course, whether
he/she has attended a methodology course before.

March 17 Handing in of draft Chapter 2. Review of the Related Literature.

This chapter can at any later stage be changed or amended to.

April 3 Personal contact session with Study Leader. Handing in of GANTT

CHART for project planning. (Compulsory and vitally important)

April 18 Handing in of draft chapter 3.

May 2 Personal contact session with Study Leader. (Compulsory and vitally
important)

May 15 Handing in of draft chapter 4.

May 19 COMPULSORY FIRST ORAL POWER POINT PRESENTATION.

(08:00 to 16:00)
(10 min period allowed per student).
Program and venues will be made available in good time.

July 31 Personal contact session with Study Leader.

Aug 7 Handing in of draft chapter 5.

Aug 21 Personal contact session with Study Leader. (Compulsory and vitally
important)

Sept 4 Handing in of draft chapter.

Sept 18 Personal contact session with Study Leader. (Compulsory and vitally
important)

Oct 9 Handing in of draft chapter

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Oct 16 Personal contact session with Study Leader regarding final adjustments of
chapters for compiling of the Project Report.

Oct 23. Personal contact session with Study Leader. (Compulsory and vitally
important)
NB: Compulsory Handing in of the Draft or Final completed Project
Report.
If permitted, adjustments must be made to the draft report, to be handed in
as the Final Project Report on 27 October 2017.

Oct 27. COMPULSORY SECOND ORAL POWER POINT

PRESENTATION.
(10 min period allowed per student).
08:00 to 16:30.
Program and venues will be made available in good time.
The Project Report will be scrutinized by the Moderator during the
presentation. The Report will then be marked by the Study Leader after the
presentation, and then sent for final moderation by the Moderator.

NB: Only the Final marks will be published, as per other subjects, on the ITS system of
the University.

According to the rules of examination, no Lecturer or Study Leader is permitted to

disclose any remarks or information concerning the final mark obtained, before the
mark has not been published on the ITS system.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY COURSE PART TWO.

17. GENERAL REMARKS ON THE B-TECH PROJECT.

The research report for the B-Tech is called a Project Report, for M-Tech a
Dissertation, and for D Tech a Thesis.

The person appointed to support the researcher is called:

For B Tech Design - A Project Leader.
For M Tech - A Supervisor.
For D Tech - A Promoter.

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 The format and contents of the Project report must be written according to the prescribed
guidelines, and must be adhered to. Refer to Contents and Format of the Project
Report.

It is important that you use the correct writing style when writing up your report. Refer to
General Typing Guidelines.

You must make sure that you use the correct spelling and grammar. Modern word
processors have both spelling and grammar checkers. Use them.

Consult Masters and Doctorate dissertations and theses as well as articles from scientific
journals for scientific writing style examples. You must use the same style of writing.

Use the Harvard style of referencing.

NB: The Project MUST contain some B Tech subject level

knowledge.

18. POLICY FOR CONTINUATION OF STUDY FOR THE

ENGINEERING DESIGN PROJECT. (EMMCA4A)

18.1 Introduction

The Engineering Design Project IV (EMMCA4A) is a compulsory part of the

qualification, Baccalaureus Technologiae: Engineering: Mechanical, at the Vaal
University of Technology. It is a one year Project and carries a double credit.

At a Mechanical Engineering Meeting of Engineering Design Study Leaders, held on

15 October 2014 at 12:00 in R001, and amended to at a Departmental Meeting held
on 3 December 2015, the following rules, for continuation of study in this project
were decided upon, and read as follows:

First registration for the Project can only be done during the first semester of
the specific year of study.

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 Enrolment for the Project must be done at the beginning of each following
semester of study.

A compulsory Research Methodology Course must be attended by all students

registered for the Project, whether he/she has attended a Research
Methodology Course before.

At the end of the first semester, a Compulsory Oral Progress Power Point
Presentation must be done by each student. All members of the judging panel
must complete a mark sheet for this presentation. The average of the marks
scored by the panel, will determine the Oral Progress Presentation mark. This
oral mark will contribute towards the final Project mark.

Should a student be absent from, or fails this Progress Presentation (pass mark
50%), he/she will not be allowed to do the Final Oral Presentation at the end
of the next semester. An Oral Progress Presentation must first be passed
before permission will be granted to do the Final Oral Power Point
Presentation. A second Progress Oral Presentation can then be done again at
the next presentation.

A Logbook must be kept by each student for every visit to his/her Study
Leader. The Logbook must be filled in by the Study Leader, reflecting the
discussions held and directions given, and must be signed by both Study
Leader and student. This Logbook must be handed in at every Oral Power
Point Presentation, and must give proof of at least three important visits to the
Study Leader, spread over the semester. If the number of visits is not proofed
by the Logbook, the student will not be permitted to continue with the
presentation.

At the end of the second semester, a Compulsory Final Oral Power Point
Presentation must be done by each student. At commencement of this
presentation, two hard copies of the Project Report, written according to the
prescribed guidelines and format, clearly described in the Learner Guide and
Research Methodology Course for the Project, must be submitted. One soft
copy on a Cd, must also be placed on the inside of the last cover page of one
of the hard copies of the Project Report. The Logbook kept by the student
must again be submitted at commencement of this presentation, and must give
proof of at least three important visits to the Study Leader.

All members of the judging panel must complete an evaluation sheet for this
Final Oral Power Point Presentation. The average mark of these individual
marks, will determine the Final Oral Presentation mark. A pass mark of 50%
is required. The average oral marks contribute 20% towards the Final project
mark. The Project Report will contribute 80% towards the Final Project mark.
A final Project Mark of at least 50% is required to pass the Project.

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 In the case where a student fails two consecutive Progress Power Point
Presentations for the same project, the student will have to register for a
totally new project, during the first semester of the following year of study,
and must again at the end of the first semester do a Compulsory Progress Oral
Power Point Presentation.

Should a student fail the Project, the student will be allowed to enrol again for
the same Project during the next semester. A Final Oral Presentation must
again be done, and the Project Report again be submitted as mentioned.
Should the student, during this second final opportunity again fail the Project,
he/she will need to launch an appeal, on the appropriate appeal form, through
the office of the Registrar, against exclusion from the Engineering Design
Project EMMCA4A.

Any other deviation from this Policy can only be decided upon by the Head of
the Department, in consultation with the Project Coordinator and the specific
Study Leader of the student.

Refer to the diagram shown below for some possible cases of continuation of studies.

18.2 Continuation of Studies (EMMCA4A) diagram.

Nomenclature:

E - Enrolment.

PP - Progress Pass.

PF - Progress Fail.

FP - Final Pass.

FF - Final Fail.

Abs - Absent.

X - Not enrolled.

Examples:

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 Year one Year two Year three
Case Semester 1 Semester 2 Semester 1 Semester 2 Semester 1
1 E - Pp E - FP
2 E - PF X E - Pp E - FP
3 E - Pp E - Ff E - Ff Apeal to
HOD
4 E - Abs E - PF E - Pp E - Ff E - FP
5 E - PF X E - PF New Project
6 E - Pp E - Abs E - Abs E - FF E - FP

19. Guidelines for the Oral Power Point Presentations.

The following is a guideline on the requirements for the Power Point presentation to be
conducted twice a year. This is for all B Tech students currently enrolled for the B Tech
Engineering Design Project. These presentations are crucial, as it provide all examiners,
moderators and students with valuable information regarding the specific project, and how
you as student conduct/will conduct the research.

19.1 Presentation skills

The following should be adhered to when doing the presentation:

Speak clearly and audible.

Do not use long sentences; rather make use of bullets and key words which you
then can discuss.

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 Know and learn your presentation before you start, dont read everything from the
board, the audience can also read.

Keep eye contact with the audience as frequently as possible.

Ensure correct use of spelling and grammar on all slides.

Practice your presentation beforehand.

Ensure to adhere to the time limit.

Note: Keep out any unnecessary slide show effects from the presentation, like
sliding in of text one row at a time. It is a waste of valuable time.

19.2 Mid-year presentation. (Can be a Progress or Final Presentation).

FOR THE PROGRESS PRESENTATION

This presentation will be held on 19 May 2017, and will report on the progress of
your project to date. By this time at least one third of your project should have been
completed i.e. Chapter 2 Literature review and Chapter 3 Sub-problem 1. By the
time you do this presentation, you should have a very good understanding of what is
required from your project, and how you are going to solve your logical sequence of
sub-problems. (Method) Your presentation should share this with the audience.

The presentation should be 10 minutes long and should contain approximately 8-10
slides, which in turn should contain at least the following information:

Slide 1 Project title (An ACTION), Name of student, Student number, Name
of study leader.
Slide 2 Summary List the titles of all your slides here, tell the audience
what you are going to discuss. This is like an index of a
book.
Slide 3 Problem What is your project about? The audience should get a
statement (or very good understanding of what your project is about
Aim) and what your objectives and goals are for the project.
Slide 4-5 Sub- If it is possible, your problem should be sub-divided into
problems. sub-problems (Minor actions). Discuss these sub-
problems as they will each form a chapter in your final
(Method)
report.

24
 Slide 6 Purpose and What is the value of your research to industry/other
value of the research projects?
study
Slide 7 Tools to be Mention any computer packages you will use during this
used project, which subject knowledge will be used and
mention any possible specific experiments, etc. you will
use in solving problems.
Slide 8 Progress to Report on where you are with your project.
date
Slide 9 Future Give an indication on what you still need to do for the
planning project, coupled to estimate completion dates.
Slide 10 Questions? The audience can now ask you questions or make
comments related to your project. Take notes on the
comments to ensure you remember them.

19.3 Year end Presentation. (Can be a 2nd Progress or Final Presentation).

FOR THE FINAL PRESENTATION

This presentation will be held on 27 October 2017, and will provide the examiners,
moderators and fellow students with information on what your main problem was,
and how you solved this problem. It should also provide the audience with the most
important results obtained from the study, and should present a well thought through
and informative conclusion to the project.

You will hand in your final corrected Project Report on this day, after which it will
be marked, and handed to the moderator for affirming or adjusting of your final mark.
If your final report is not handed in on this day, it will be postponed to the following
semester, which means that you would have to register for the project again the
following semester.

The presentation should be 10 minutes long and should contain approximately 10-15
slides which in turn will contain the following information:

Slide 1 Project title, Student name, Student number, name of study leader.
Slide 2 Summary List the titles of all your slides here, tell the audience
what you are going to discuss. This is like an index of a
25
 book.
Slide 3 Problem What was your project about? The audience should get
statement (An a very good understanding of what your project was
Action) about and what your objectives and goals for the
project were.
Slide 4-6 Sub-problems Discuss your sub-problems.

(Methodology)
Slide 7 Purpose and What is the value of your research to industry/other
value of the research projects?
study
Slide 8-9 Tools used Mention any computer packages you used during this
project, which subject knowledge was used and
mention any specific experiments, etc. you used in
solving problems.
Slide 10- Results What were the most important results obtained from
12 this research? How did you solve your initial problem?
Slide 13 Recommendati Is this research concluded, can it continue and are there
ons for further any aspects of the project that could be allocated to
studies future B Tech students?
Slide 14 Conclusion What were the most important results (findings) from
this research, and what value do your findings have for
industry or other research projects?
Slide 15 Questions? The audience can now ask you questions related to
your project.

20. CONTENTS AND FORMAT OF THE PROJECT REPORT.

20.1 Report contents.

Front matter.

Body matter.

Back matter.

26
20.2 Front matter.

Cover page.

Title page.

Declaration.

Acknowledgements.

Abstract.

Table of contents.

List of figures.

List of tables.

Glossary of abbreviations and symbols.

20.3 Body matter.

Introduction.

Review of the related literature.

Sub problems.

20.4 Back matter.

Conclusion.

Bibliography.

Annexures/Addendums.

20.5 Problem Statement.

This is a short statement of the current existing situation, and the envisaged ACTION
to be taken to solve this problem situation.

20.6 Title of the Project.

27
 The Title describes in short, 10 to 12 words, the MAIN ACTION to be taken to solve
the existing problem.

20.7 Sub Problems.

The Sub Problems are actually MINOR ACTIONS, or the METHOD, you intend to
follow to finally fulfil the MAIN ACTION.

20.8 Resources or Tools.

The following are examples of tools which can be used to help resolving the method:

Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, Power Point, Access, Project and Visio).

CAD/FEA/CFD.

- PTC Creo.

- Dessault Solid Works.

- Ansys.

Numerical Methods.

- MAT LAB\SIMULINK.

- PTC Mathcad.

Other

- Smart Draw. (Diagrams).

- Primavera. (Project planning).

- LabVIEW. (Data collection).

- AMS. (Data acquisition).

Other specific.

- Application / instrumentation software are available. Make use of as much as

possible..

28
21. CONTENTS OF ALL THE PROJECT REPORT PAGES.

(NB: IMPORTANT! ADHERE TO!)

The following headings should each be captured on a new page.

21.1 COVER PAGE.

The cover page should only contain:

Title of the project,

Full names of the candidate and
Date.

Do not make use of window dressing, e.g.: Strange font, pictures or

colouring.

21.2 TITLE PAGE.

This is the first inside page and should only contain the:

Title,
Full names,
Student number and
Qualification statement namely:

Project Report submitted in compliance with the requirements for the qualification:
Baccalaureus Technologiae: Engineering: Mechanical in the department of
Mechanical Engineering
at the Vaal University of Technology.

Name of the study leader and date.

21.3 DECLARATION AS HEADING.

This page should state: The material incorporated in this design project is my
own work, and has never been submitted to any other university/institution for
any other degree/qualification.

29
 Sign the page including date and place at the bottom.

21.4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AS HEADING.

On this page acknowledgement should be given to support from employer,

typist, statistician, etc.

21.5 ABSTRACT AS HEADING.

On this page you shortly summarise the Report and tell the reader what you
are going to tell him/her in detail in the rest of the report with reference to:

What,
Why,
How and
Results.

Maximum 150 words.

21.6 TABLE OF CONTENTS AS HEADING.

Here only the main divisions and page numbers should be indicated.

21.7 LIST OF FIGURES AS HEADING.

List all the figures like drawings and graphs with the Title and page number.

21.8 LIST OF TABLES AS HEADING.

List all the tables with the Title and page number.

30
21.9 GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS OR SYMBOLS AS HEADING.
All abbreviations and units used in the report should be listed here with an
explanation of the meaning.

When first mentioned in the text, write out the full meaning followed by the
abbreviation in brackets. Thereafter only the abbreviation can be used.

21.10CHAPTER 1 AS FIRST HEADING.

This chapter heading is Introduction and should contain a short preface,
purpose, statement of the problem, statement of the sub-problems, limitations
and assumptions.

21.11 CHAPTER 2 AS FIRST HEADING.

This chapter heading is Review of the related literature. Give a summary
of only current existing literature found concerning the problem or sub
problems. All information documented must be referred to (Give
acknowledgement to the author) according to the Harvard method.

21.12 CHAPTER 3 AS FIRST HEADING.

In this chapter sub-problem one should be addressed under an applicable
heading for this sub-problem. The chapter should contain an introduction,
restatement of the sub problem, methodology used, (experiments, calculations,
software programs, etc.), discussion of the results and a conclusion.

21.13CHAPTER 4 TO CHAPTER N AS FIRST HEADING.

Chapter 4 to Chapter n should each treat the rest of the sub- problems in turn
in separate chapters.

31
 21.14CHAPTER N+1 AS FIRST HEADING.
Conclusions and recommendations as heading. This chapter should be
short and direct, and contain the final conclusion based on the conclusions of
the previous chapters, and recommendations to be employed to solve the
problem. A financial impact regarding the alternatives should be done
including a recommendation. A future maintenance plan or guidelines should
also be included if possible, as well as further possible recommended research
to be done.

21.15BIBLIOGRAPHY AS HEADING.
The list should contain, in alphabetical order, all the text books, journals,
articles, periodicals, etc. consulted and referred to in the report.

21.16ANNEXURES AS HEADING.
An Annexure is an item like an information sheet, reference table, large
drawing or long calculation, which should not be included in a chapter, but
only referred to in the chapter as an annexure. The annexure should be
numbered A, B, C, etc. including a title.

22. EXAMPLES OF ALL THE REPORT PAGES.

22.1 EXAMPLE PAGE OF TITLE PAGE.

ULTIMATE COMBINATION OF DESIGN PARAMETERS OF A HYDROSTATIC

COIL PUMP.

Joseph Unknown (1234567)

32
 Project Report submitted in compliance with the requirements for the

qualification Bachalaureus Technologiae: Engineering: Mechanical

in the Department of Mechanical Engineering

at the Vaal University of Technology.

Study Leader: P G Unknown.

November 1999.

NB: Take notice of the placement of the contents!

22.2 EXAMPLE PAGE OF DECLARATION AS HEADING.

This page should state:

The material incorporated in this design project is my own work, and has never been
submitted to any other university/institution for any other degree/qualification.

Sign the page, including date and place at the bottom.

22.3. EXAMPLE PAGE OF ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.

The statement shown below is only an example. You can give acknowledgement as to whom
you prefer.

I thank the Lord for the strength and wisdom I needed to complete this research, for without
Him it would not have been possible.

Appreciation is also expressed towards the following:

The National Research Foundation for the funding of this research.

The Vaal University of Technology for the use of the fluid mechanics laboratory and the
maintenance workshop of the Faculty of Engineering.
33
 The staff of the maintenance workshop for their support.
Mrs. Susan van Zyl for typing the research proposal.
Mr. At Nel for language editing.
Mrs. Joanne Habig for processing the statistics.
My wife Babsie for her never-ending support and patience and typing the
dissertation.

22.4. EXAMPLE PAGE OF TABLE OF CONTENTS.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

34
22.5. EXAMPLE PAGE OF LIST OF FIGURES.

LIST OF FIGURES.
Figure 1.1: Coil Pump. 9

Figure 1.2: Q versus N. 12

22.6 EXAMPLE PAGE OF LIST OF TABLES.

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1: Results of test on first pump. 6

Table 3.2: Properties of sample tested. 25

35
22.7 EXAMPLE PAGE OF GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS OR SYMBOLS

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS OR SYMBOLS

Symbol Description Unit

b Width of retort fins mm
d Length of retort fins mm
n Number of retort fins
D Retort internal diameter mm
L Retort Length mm
hb Product bed height mm
T Retort material thickness mm
MRT Mean Residence Time min
MFR Mass Flow Rate T/hr
xd Dryness fraction of product

22.8 EXAMPLE PAGE FOR THE USE OF HEADINGS.

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PREFACE

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue
massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit
amet commodo magna eros quis urna. Nunc viverra imperdiet enim. Fusce est. Vivamus a
tellus. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis
egestas. (Author, 2015)

Proin pharetra nonummy pede. Mauris et orci. Aenean nec lorem. In porttitor. Donec
laoreet nonummy augue. Suspendisse dui purus, scelerisque at, vulputate vitae, pretium
mattis, nunc. Mauris eget neque at sem venenatis eleifend. (Author, 2015)

36
 Figure 1.2: Coil Pump.

22.9 EXAMPLE PAGE OF NUMBERING OF FIGURES.

220
200
180
160
140
120
Hm (mmHg) 100
80
60
40
20
0
200 300 400

D (mm)

Figure 4.2.3: Graph of

Hm versus D

22.10 EXAMPLE PAGE OF NUMBERING OF TABLES.

Table 5.3: Ratio between practical Q and theoretical Q.

37
 Q N D Q/ND^3 x10-4 Model / Theory

x10-2
12.24 0.8 0.31 51.3578 84.851
19.147 0.8 0.485 20.979 92.233
23.687 0.8 0.6 13.7078 95.927
21.22 0.71667 0.6 13.708 95.925
23.69 0.8 0.6 13.7095 95.915
25.66 0.86667 0.6 13.7073 95.93
13.32 0.8 0.6 7.7083 101.248
23.69 0.8 0.6 13.7095 95.915
37.01 0.8 0.6 21.4178 92.059
23.69 0.8 0.6 13.7095 95.915

22.11 EXAMPLE PAGE OF REFERENCES.

REFERENCES.

Hartveldt, F. & Deiters, A.B. 1997. Banking on the poor micro financing South
Africas water supply and sanitation. Waterlines, 15 no. 4: 6-7.

Hilton, D.J. 1986. The Inclined Coil Pump. Waterlines 5 no. 1:12-13.

Mortimer, G.H. 1984. The Coil Pump. Journal of the Institution of Water Engineers and
Scientists, 38 no. 44: 331-335.

Mortimer, G.H. & Annable, R. 1984. The Coil Pump - Theory and Practice. Journal of
Hydraulic Research, 22 no. 1: 9 - 22.

Mortimer, G.H. 1988. The Coil Pump in Developing Countries. Transmission, Distribution
and Pumping: 272-273.

38
 Rall, M. & De Jager, J. 1997. Greater expectations. Technology choices for community
managed water supply in the new South Africa. Waterlines, 15 no. 3: 24 28.

Reimer, M. 1985. The Stream-driven Coil Pump. Waterlines 4 no. 1: 20-22.

Schur, M.A. 1994. The cost of rural water supply: A case study in South Africa. Water SA, 20
no. 3: 179 186.

Steyn, A.G.W. 1984. Moderne Statistiek vir die Praktyk. Pretoria. J.L. van Schaik
(Edms) Bpk.

23. MAKING USE OF MS WORD AS A TOOL.

(This is a section, specifically regarding making use of MS WORD as a TOOL)

39