Essential Newborn Care

DEWI UMU KULSUM, S.Kep.,Ners., M.Kep

Essential Newborn Care

1. PERAWATAN NEONATAL ESENSIAL

PADA SAAT LAHIR

2. PERAWATAN NEONATAL ESENSIAL

SETELAH LAHIR
 THE ESSENSIAL

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENENTUKAN

KESEHATAN PERINATAL

12,9 juta perkiraan kematian anak-anak di bawah lima tahun umur

yang terjadi di seluruh dunia pada tahun 1990, diperkirakan bahwa
satu-ketiga terjadi pada bulan pertama kehidupan.
Kematian bayi terjadi dalam empat minggu pertama kehidupan,
sebagian besar terjadi selama minggu pertama
Sekitar setengah dari kematian perinatal terjadi selama periode
antepartum atau intrapartum; setengah lainnya terjadi selama
minggu pertama kehidupan tetapi ada kecenderungan penurunan
cepat kematian neonatus awal berkaitan dengan kematian janin
akhir.
KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN RI 2010
The Components of Essential Newborn Care. Published by the Basics Support
for Institutionalizing Child Survival Project (BASICS II) for the United States
Agency for International Development. Arlington, Virginia, June 2004.
 PROBLEM
The level of social and economic
development,
The quality of health services
The environmental
circumstances and cultural
practices.
 Causes Of Neonatal
Mortality And Morbidity
Very low birth weight
Asphyxia-related conditions
Infections
Immaturity-related conditions
Congenital anomalies
Hypothermia

The Great Majority Of Neonatal

Deaths In All Countries
 Birth asphyxia
Between 450 per thousand births :
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE),
Abruptio placentae,
Cord accidents and obstructed labour due to
cephalo-pelvic disproportion,
Aspiration of meconium or anaesthetics given to
the mother may also impair respiration.
Severe immaturity in very preterm infants is also
a cause of lack of spontaneous breathing at birth
 Low Birth Weight
(LBW) or Very LBW
Exposed to birth asphyxia, trauma,
hypothermia, hypoglycaemia,
respiratory disorders and infections
Preterm infants, of an intrauterine
growth retardation (small for
gestational age infants) or of both.
 Infections
Clinically relevant severe bacterial
infections (SBI) in newborn babies is
represented by pneumonia, sepsis and
meningitis
Asphyxia and hypothermia also are risk
factors for SBI
 Congenital Anomalies
About 11.5% of all newborns
Pencegahan :
Pemberian asam folat, imunisasi
rubella, menghindari alkohol, obat-
obatan, radiasi dan polusi
lingkungan) selama kehamilan,
diagnosis dini dengan USG
skrining pada kasus risiko
 Hypothermia
As body temperature below
36.5c
Particularly in LBW babies
Inadequate thermo regulation
Breastfeeding
Oxygen consumption and acid-
base equilibrium