-75 105 2013

ISSN 1726-6807 http://www.iugaza.edu.ps/ar/periodical/

. .
- -

gada725@hotmail.com Khalidsh6@gmail.com
:
) (500
:
) (T.test


.
%82.1
%76.1

.
.

.
Political Socialization And Its Relationship With
Assertiveness Among Secondary School Students In
Rafah Governorate
Abstract: The study aims at identifying the relationship of political
socialization with Assertiveness of the Palestinian Child. The study sample
consisted of 500 male and female students. A measure of political
socialization and Assertiveness measure which were used by the researchers
were of their preparation. And researchers used a number of the following
tools to deal with the quantitative study results: The mean, standard
deviation, percentages, ranks, and t-test.
The results of the study have come to the existence of a positive relationship
between political socialization and Assertiveness. and this means that the
greater political socialization the greater Assertiveness, in the sense that
whenever a positive upbringing was a positive self-affirmation. Also, the
results of the study found the high proportion of political socialization among
 . .
children in secondary schools, where the percentage reached 82.1 %. As well
, the results of the study concluded that the percentage of Assertiveness rate
among children in secondary schools reached 76.1%.
The study results showed a statistically significant differences in
Assertiveness variable among children in secondary schools due to the
variable Study level in favor of tenth class(grade) students. The results of the
study also showed a statistically significant differences in the self-affirmation
variable between males and females in favor of males. The results of the
study showed no statistically significant differences in the political
socialization due to the variables of the study which were represented in the
class(grade) level, gender, and economic level
:


.



.


.

..
). 2001 .(1


.



.

76


) .(George.H.Mead, 1984


) .1992
.(31


.

.
.

.



.
:

. :


:
.1
.2

77
 . .

.3

.4

.5

:
-1
-2
) (.
-3
) (.
-4
) (.
:
.1
.
.2 .
.3 .
.4 .
:
:
-1


.
-2 .

78


-3
.
-4
.
:
Political Socialization :
:
) 1983 .(892
: .
) (Langton

.
).(Langton,1969,p4
:
:
(Almond,Gabriel.Powel,1988,34).
:
(Watson,Hill,1984,153).


) 2005 ( 70


) ( 40
:
.
. Almond and Powel and Gabriel "

79
 . .

).(Almond ,Gabriel . Powel,1988 p36
Assertiveness :



) .2003.(74
:
. .

: :
-1 ): (2001

) (500 .

.


.
-2 ): (2001


. ) (350


.

80


-3 ): (2007

) (200 .

.
.
-1 ): (2010

)2006-2003( .
) (300
.

.


.
- 5 ) : (2012

) (200
.

. .
.
.

81
 . .

: :
-1 ): (2007

) (320
) (107 (213) .
.
.
) (.
- 2 ): (2012

) (20
) (10

. .


.
:

.


.
.

) (2001 .

) .(2007

82


) (2007 .
.

2012
2010 .

:


) 1990 .(19

) (Herbert Hyman 1959
(David Easton, Gebriel Almond)


.


).
.(1978
) (George.H.MEAD


) . 2001 .(11

83
 . .

.
:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4
.
-5 :
- .
- .
- ) 1999 . (105
:
:
.1 :


...
.2 :


) .2011 .(125-118

84


:
:
-1 :
.
-2 :

.
). 2005 .(9
-3 :


.
-4 :

.
). .(114-112



.
:
.
.
. .


). 1980.(82

85
 . .

) ( wolpe -

. )( " Lazarus ...
" ). 2003.(56 -51


.

.


....
:
-1 :
.
.
-2 :

). 1992 .(32


.

86


:
: .

.
:
) (10660

)2013-2012(.
:

)2013-2012( ) (18-15.
:
. : )(30
.
.
. :
) (500 .
:
) ( .

) (30
) (500
.
:


:

87
 . .

:
) (15 ) (15 .
) ( 1


27.6 138
35.4 177

37.0 185
%100 500
50.0 250
50.0 250
%100 500
44.0 220
31.6 158

24.4 122
%100 500
:
.
) (15 :
)(2


151 1
3016 2

88


:
: :
-1 ) ( Content Validity Logical :







.
-2 Internal Consistency :

) (30

).(SPSS
)(3
) (



** 0.598 -1
.
** 0.668 . -2

** 0.714 -3
.

** 0.754 -4
.

89
 . .

** 0.695 -5
.

** 0.478 -6
.

** 0.110 -7
.

** 0.778 -8
.
** 0.841 . -9

** 0.754 -10
.

** 0.696 -11
.

** 0.698 -12
.

** 0.210 -13
.

** 0.798 -14
.

** 0.701 -15
.
/// ** * 0.01 0.05
) (3
) sig ( .=0.05
) (
:

90


)(4
) (



** 0.794 . -1

** 0.845 -2
.

* 0.369 -3
.

** 0.810 -4
.
** 0.954 . -5
** 0.794 . -6
** 0.777 . -7
** 0.761 . -8
** 0.699 -9
** 0.612 . -10
* 0.302 . -11
* 0.451 . -12

** 0.669 -13
.
** 0.954 . -14
** 0.959 . -15
/// * 0.05 ** 0.01
) (4
) sig ( .=0.05

91
 . .

:
:
. :Cronbach Alpha

Cronbach Alpha spss
:
)( 5


0.788
0.795
) (5 ) (
) (0.788 )
( ) (0.795 .
:


.


:
+ 2 12 2
---------------- 1 = 2

= 2 1
= 2 2
=

92


) (30 )
(

.
)( 6


0.785 -1
0.845 -2

) ( 0.845). (0.785
:
) ( Spss-Version16

) = (30
:
-1 )(Internal Consistency
-2 ) . (Cronbache Alfa
-3 ) .( Split Half Method
-4) .(T.test
-5 .
-6 )( One Way ANOVA
-7 .
:
.

93
 . .

:
.

:
)(7

)Sig. (2-tailed
0.000 1 *0.430
0.000 *0.430 1

) (7
0.430
.


.

94


:

)(8





-1
7 86.4 0.71 4.32
.
14 70 1.3 3.5 . -2
-3
9 81 0.99 4.05
.
-4
6 87.3 0.74 4.36
.
-5
4 88.4 0.76 4.42
.
-6
8 84.4 0.89 4.22
.
-7
15 64.6 1.28 3.23
.
-8
13 71.4 1.24 3.57
.
-9
2 90.5 0.73 4.52
.

95
 . .

-10
3 89.1 0.72 4.46
.
-11
1 90.8 0.71 4.54
.
-12
5 87.6 0.78 4.38
.
-13
10 79.8 1.04 3.99
.
-14
12 78.3 1.02 3.92
.
-15
11 78.7 1.06 3.94
.
82.1 0.92 4.11
) (8 )(%82.1
) ( ) ( %90.8
2000 1987 2009-2008
2012 .

. )
( ) (% 84.4

.

96


) (
) (71.4



. ) (2010

. ) (1990

.
:

)(9





-1
7 81.8 0.88 4.09
.
-2
10 80.4 0.94 4.02
.
-3
8 81.6 0.96 4.08
.
-4
6 82 0.86 4.1
.
-5
9 80.5 1.05 4.03
.
3 83.4 0.92 4.17 . -6

97
 . .

4 82.8 0.98 4.14 . -7

-8
2 83.7 1.01 4.18
.
-9
12 75.1 0.95 3.76
.
13 75 0.95 3.75 . -10
-11
11 75.7 1.15 3.78
.
-12
14 53.5 1.34 2.67
.
-13
15 47.2 1.36 2.36
.
-14
5 82.4 0.94 4.12
.
-15
1 91.8 0.61 4.59
.
76.1 1.02 3.8

) .(%76.1 ) ( )(91.8


. ) (
) (%83.7 ) 1990(



.

98


:

:

) (.
.
)(10
) ( One Way ANOVA


F
0.04 2 0.0793
0.832 0.185 0.215 497 106.73

499 106.81

1.675 2 3.3509

0.015 4.236 0.396 497 196.59

499 199.94
): (10
) sig =(0.832 =0.05

)sig (0.015 =0.05
.
) 1990 (216


. ) sig (0.015
=0.05
.

99
 . .

) (11



3.882 3.751 3.953

-
3.953

- 0.019
3.751

- 0.141 0.605
3.882
.
:

:

) (.

) (T.test ) (
) (12 :

100


)(12
) -(

""

0.439 4.091 250
0.862 0.174
0.486 4.098 250

0.526 4.129 250
0.000 10.71
0.613 3.582 250
)(12
) sig =(0.862 =0.05

) sig = (0.000 =0.05
. ) 16(


.

..

.
:

:
)
( . .
)(13

101
 . .

) (One Way ANOVA

F

0.526 2 1.051


0.086 2.47 0.213 497 105.8


499 106.8

0.371 2 0.741


0.397 0.925 0.401 497 199.2

499 199.9
): (13
) .sig =(0.086 =0.05

) sig =(0.397 . = 0.05
) 1991 ( 11


.



:
-1

.
-2
.

102


-3

.
-4
....
.
-5


.

: :
-1. )" :(2011 :
.
-2 )" : (1983 " .
-3 ) " :(2005 "
.
-4 ) " : (1978 " .
-5 ) " : (1990 : " :
.
-6 ) " : (2007 "
.
-7 ) " : (1980 " .
-8 ) ": (2001 "
.
-9 ) " : (2012 "
3 6.
-10 ) ": ( 1994 " .

103
 . .

-11 ) " : (1990 "

) ( .
-12 ) " : (2001
) ( .
-13 ) " : (2007 "
) ( .
-14 ) " : ( 2005
.
-15 ) " : (1999 " .
-16 ) " : (2012
"
.
-17 ) " :(2003 " .
-19 ) " : (1992 "
- .
-20 ) " : (1991 "
86- .
-21 . ) " : (1995 "
.2
-22 ) ": (1993 " "
114 .
-23 ) " :(2010
" ) (
.
-24 ) ": (2001 "
.

104


:
25-Almond, G. &Gabriel, A.& Powel, G.(eds)(1988) Comparative Politics
today,4th ed Scott Foresman and Company, United State.
26- George . Herbert Mead , Mind, Self and Self and Society , Chicago :
The University of Chicago Pr8-Huston, l. : Self Esteem Locusof
Control and Conservation , Psychological Reports, vol (34) , N.3,
P.854-854. 1984.
27- Langton, K.(1969) Political Socialization ,Oxford University press ,
Oxford.
28-Watson, J. and Hill, A. (1984 )Dictionary of Communication and Media
Studies , The Chaucer Press, Britain.

105