Referencing
The
1. Books (MLA Format)
Last Name, First Name. Book
Title. Publisher City: Publisher
Name, Year Published. Medium.
Ex: Smith, John. The Sample Book.
Pittsburgh: BibMe, 2008. Print.
1. Books (APA Format)
Author last name, Author first
name. (Year). Title of
Book. State of Publication:
Name of Publisher.
Ex: Rowling, J.K. (2001). Harry Potter
and the socerer's stone. London:
Bloomsburg Children's.
Online Resources (MLA)
Last name, First name. "Article
Title." Website Title. Publisher of
Website, Day Month Year article was
published. Web. Day Month Year article
was accessed. <URL>.
Ex:
Cain, Kevin. "The Negative Effects of
Facebook on Communication." Social
Media Today RSS N.p., 29 June 2012.
Web. 02 Jan.
2013.<www.forbestoday.com>
Online Resources (APA)
Last, F. M. (Year, Month Date
Published). Article title. Retrieved from
URL
Ex: Cain, K. (2012, June 29).
Negative effects of Facebook on
communication.Social Media Today
RSS. Retrieved from
http://socialmediatoday.com
Journal (MLA)
Last, First M., and First M. Last. "Article
Title." Journal Title Series Volume.
Issue (Year Published): Page(s). Print.
Ex: Jacoby, William G. "Public Attitudes
Toward Government
Spending." American Journal of
Political Science 38.2 (1994): 336-61.
Print.
Online Journal (MLA)
Last, First M. "Article Title." Journal
Title Series Volume. Issue (Year
Published): Page(s). Website Title.
Web. Date Month Year Accessed.
Ex: Poiger, Uta G. "Rock 'n' Roll,
Female Sexuality, and the Cold War
Battle over German Identities." The
Journal of Modern History 68.3 (1996):
577. JSTOR. Web. 2 Jan. 2013.
Journal (APA)
Last, F. M., & Last, F. M. (Year
Published). Article title. Journal
Name,Volume(Issue), pp. Pages.
Ex:
Jacoby, W. G. (1994). Public attitudes
toward government
spending. American Journal of Political
Science, 38(2), 336-361.
Online Journal (APA)
Last, F. M. (Year Published). Article
title. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), pp.
Page(s). doi:# or Retrieved from URL
Ex: Poiger, U. G. (1996). Rock 'n' roll,
female sexuality, and the Cold War
Battle over German Identities. The
Journal of Modern History, 68(3), 577.
doi:10.1086/245343
Periodicals (MLA)
Last, First M. "Article Title." Magazine
Title. Date Month Year Published:
Page(s). Print.
Ex:
Rothbart, Davy. "How I Caught up with
Dad." Men's Health Oct. 2008: 108-13.
Print.
Online Periodicals (MLA)
Last, First M. "Article Title." Magazine
Title. Date Month Year
Published. Website Title Web. Date
Month Year Accessed.
Ex:
Rothbart, Davy. "How I Caught up with
Dad." Men's Health Oct. 2008. Google
Books Web. 16 Mar. 2010.
Periodicasl (APA)
Last, F. M. (Year, Month Published).
Article title. Magazine
Title, volume(issue), pp. Page(s).
Ex:
Rothbart, D. (2008, October). How I
caught up with dad. Men's Health,
108-113.
Online Periodicals (APA)
Last, F. M. (Year, Month Date
Published). Article title. Magazine Title,
Page(s). Retrieved from URL
Ex:
Rothbart, D. (2008, October). How I
caught up with dad. Men's Health,
108-113. Retrieved from
http://books.google.com
Thesis (MLA)
Last, First M. Title. Thesis or Diss.
Name of University, Year Published.
Web. Date accessed.
Rothbard, M. The Effect of Smoking to
a Persons health. MA Thesis.
University of Maryland, 2013. Web. 12
June, 2012.
Dissertation (MLA)
Last name, First Name. Title. Diss.
Name of University, Year Published.
Web. Date accessed.
Ex: Wilson, Peggy Lynn. Pedagogical
Practices in the Teaching of English
Language in Secondary Public Schools
in Parker County. Diss. University of
Maryland, 2011. Web. 4 Apr. 2011.
Citing a thesis or dissertation
from a database (APA)
Last, F.M. (Date
published). Title (Doctoral dissertation
or masters thesis). Retrieved from
database name. (Accession or Order
no.)
Knight, K.A. (2011). Media epidemics:
Viral structures in literature and new
media (Doctoral dissertation).
Retrieved from MLA International
Bibliography Database. (Accession No.
2013420395)
1. Division of Work. Specialization
increases output by making employees
more efficient.
2. Authority. Managers must be able to
give orders, and authority gives them
this right.
3. Discipline. Employees must obey
and respect the rules that govern the
organization.
4. Unity of command. Every employee
should receive orders from only one
superior.
5. Unity of direction. The organization
should have a single plan of action to
guide managers
and workers.
6. Subordination of individual
interests to the general interest.
The interests of any one
employee or group of employees should
not take precedence over the interests
of the
organization as a whole.
7. Remuneration. Workers must be
paid a fair wage for their services.
8. Centralization. This term refers to
the degree to which subordinates are
involved in
decision making.
9. Scalar chain. The line of authority
from top management to the lowest
ranks is the
scalar chain.
10. Order. People and materials should
be in the right place at the right time.
11. Equity. Managers should be kind
and fair to their subordinates.
12. Stability of tenure of personnel.
Management should provide orderly
personnel planning
and ensure that replacements are
available to fill vacancies.
13. Initiative. Employees who are
allowed to originate and carry out plans
will exert high
levels of effort.
14. Esprit de corps. Promoting team
spirit will build harmony and unity within
the organization.