WIRE LINE OPERATION COURSE

CHAPTER 2

WELL COMPLETIONS I WIRELINE UNITS

CONTENTS

Typical Well Schematic

The Wellhead
Completion Types
Tubing
Wireline Counter
Wireline Units
H2SSafety
 THE WELL

/Surface
A basic understanding of the sub-surface design
(or Conductor
Riser) and components is essential to all wireline
26"
operators. This will assist you to "visualise"
the action of your tools downhole.
\;,
'" "'".,,". .' . d, The well is drilled in stages and "cased" to
"".,' "
'''.'','""
..t.:.,,".
,",," , prevent hole collapse. The number and size of
, , J ... ,,,1 casings is determined by the final well depth, the
. '. ": ~,
' .,::t, : IJ formation conditions, and final well pressure and
:. I""',,, :-.,.. .::'.,;;.
,,'
service (oil or gas etc). Common sizes have been
chosen for this diagram.
.. : ,,'. ~ ,~:
0
(JO (!J 0 This diagram shows a typical "three casing" on-
'0"
~ O tJ 0 t:J
(')
shore well. The choice of how much cement
"overlap"in each casing is determined by forma-
tion conditions and well location. A good cement
Surface Casing
'0 0 20" bond between formatioil and casing is essential
Ij ~ IJ to prevent movement of fluids between producing

~
"
O 11 ':. '~" zones or to the surface.
)" () 0 f) () 0 ~ , I

'- ';t~ :1
Intermedia te A typical wellhead installation to suit this well is
I~ Casing shown on page 2-3.
, 1(, 13 3/8"

1 I~f.' 1 Annulus

4-t
1--+
-
-l,+
Tt-
+-
-
-- -,
.
.
-
- . ._-, '
~

~
~//: / /
"

~
~~
Ila,/'!/
/~",,/
.
~~ , :f

I
'
'\

) /'
,

"

."
,

,
.'"
,

2- 2
---
 ..

CASING INSTALLATION

The Christmas Tree is attached

Double Studded Adapter Flange to the top of the "Double Stud-
(DSAF) ded Adapter Flange (DSAF)U
shown here at the top of the
respective casing spools to suit the
completion type.
Tubing Hanger (TH)
This is a typical land well with
Tubing Hanger Spool (TUS) the cellar base shown. This puts
the DSAF approximately at ground
Tubing I Production Casing Annulus level for ease of flowline instal-
lation and subsequent wellhead
Tubing operations.

Casing Hanger

Casing Hanger Spool (CHS)

Production I Intermediate Casing Annulus

Production Casing

Casing Hangc:r

Casing Head Housing (CHH)

. . --Intermediate I SurfaceCasingAnnulus

Intermediate Casing

Surface Casin,

CeDar Base Note: Sizes have been omitted

as these can vary with
well design I depth.

2 - 3
 A WELL COMPLETION

-, ,
--..
-' - , -" -
,.
I ,
1-
To continue with the completion of the well,
the tubing and packer are now installed.
, The tubing is simply a smaller diameter pipe which
S. C. S.S.V.
'--, NIPPLE
--
I
is lowered inside the casing to a depth somewhere
above the perforations. Attached to the lower end
-- ( of the tubing. we see the packer.

~ -
I
I
I
~
PRODUCTION
CASING The packer carries one or more sets of slips
(teeth) and one or more rubber seal elements
, I
''G
which remain retracted until it is lowered
'-";"---r- into the casing to the depth at which it is
to be set. Once the tubing and packer are at
,-1-- +- \ +-
-SIDEt POCKET
the desired depth. the slips and the rubber
seal elements on the packer are acti-
-t t-' --MANDRELS vated. usually either by rotating the tubing
or by applying hydraulic pressure through
/- I the tubing bore. This, causes the slips on
the packer to expand and bite into the casing
~-t-i T' and also causes the rubber seal
ments of the packer to expand and seal off
ele-

t-+- -r-l- against the internal diameter of the casing.

f-r The packer is now firmly anchored in place
+ + 1- and sealed off in the casing. The gas and
I 4+ oil entering the casing through the perfo-
rations will flow up to the packer, where

i: \+:" i+T it ,must now enter the tubing and flow to

the surface.

i-l- ~ ~ The tubing - casing annulus is the space

/- -\- I ==-
\
between the outside diameter of the, tubing
and the inside diameter of the casing above
I
the packer. It is usually filled with a fluid,
-1- +--- J SLIDING such as water, mud, or diesel. This fluid
SIDE DOOR usually contains a corrosion inhibitor which
I- -\-t- I-f- protects the tubing and casing from corrosion.
J..
't' PACKER
I The hydrostatic pressure (weight) of the

-;~t-- "--1 --
- XN.L:-
NIPPLE
fluid tends to help hold the packer in place
and also provides a means of "killing ..
the well, whe,n necessary, by admitting the
PUP JOINT
4,\ RE ENTRY
annular fluid into the tubing string.
~-=- -- -GUIDE-
0 0 0 NOTE: Combination of SCSSV and gaslift only used
---:::::
~.
=-
-:::
-::.-'
,0
000
000
0

-
..PRODUCTION
~ ZONE
-==-
offshore. Not common on land completions.
For purposes of illustration only.

'><//
;.~//
//
///// ~ ~:;
',/ '/ /l_-
,/./
/ /
// //7//
/
PERFORATIONS
///~
///
//

2 - 4
 TUBING

As it is always the tubing in which wireline operations are carried out it is necessary
for the wirelineOperator to know more about the tubing.
-
SIZE - OD. the outside diameterof the pipe.
- ID. the internal diameter of the pipe.
- Nominal. approximateLD. rounded up to the nearest full size.
;~ -Indicates the "strength" and,type of steel used to make the tubing.
It is specified by a letter followed by a number:
eg : H - 40. J - 55, C - 75, L - 80. N - 80 , P - 105.

the lower the number the "~ofter " the steel. This number
is the tensile strength in 1000 Ibs per sq. in. Le. : N - 80
with a cross sectional area of I sq. in will take a
load of 80,000 Ibs.
Weigb1.per foot - determines the thickness of the tubing.

.!hi!1. -machinedto
is the" quality control" LD. which a bar of steel 32" long and
theO.D. of the driftsizewillpasswithouthangingup in thetubing. ALL
tubingand componentsrun in the well MUSTbe drifted. For practicalpurposesthe
drifts used on the rigs are shorter than 32" (Wireline Drift is determined by
nipple bore size - refer to chart below)

Threads - EU III External Upset has collar on outside and internal recess
... NU - Non Upset but otherwise same as EU.
- Yam= Premiumtype thread seal with collar. No internal recess
- HydrilCS =No collar. Metal to metal 3 point seal. No internal recess.

The following tables shows common tubing sizes.

Nominal Wt O.D. l.D. DRILLING WIRELINE
size ft DRIFT DRIFT

2-3/8" 4.7 2.375" 1.995" I.90 I" 1.875"

2-7/8" 6.5 2.875" 2.441" 2.347" 2.313"

3 -1 /2" 9.3 3." 2.992" 2.867" 2.750"
4 - I 12" 12.75 4.5" 3.958" 3.883" 3.813"
5-1/2" 15.5 5.5" 4.919" 4.825" 4.750"

2 - 5
 PROJECT 7 - COMPLETIONS

I. Why is -casing run in a -well?

2. How is casing attached to the formation?

3. Why is tubing run inside the casmg2

4. What is the purpose of a single packer?

..'

s. What is the purpose of two packers in one well?

','

6. Explain why the casing must be perforated.

-. ..
7. Explain "drift" as used by drilling,

8. Fill out the tubing ID and wireline drift for the following sizes of tubes.

I.D, Wire Drift

(I) 2-3/8"
(11) 2 . 7 I 8"
i
i
i (m) 3 - 1 I 2"
i

(IV), 4 - 1 / 2"
I

2- 6
l
 WIRELINE

Wireline may be referred to by a number of names. Solid single strand line may be
described as :

Slick line
Piano wire
Solid line
Wireline
Measuring line.

Multistrand wirelines are usually described as braided line (3' 16" most common).

As well depths have increased over the years since the tirst measuring lines were
brought into use, accompanied by increased working loads, it has become necessary
to develop wireline having a high strength' weight ratio. There is a need
for strength to accomplish the operation without the wire breaking, and a need
to keep the diameter of the wire as small as possible for the following reasons:
"
(a) It reduces the load of is own weight.
(b) It can be run. over smaller diameter sheaves, and wound on smaller
diameter spools or reels without overstressing by bending.
(c) It keeps the reel drum size to a minimum.
(d) It provides a small cross -section area for operation under
pressure.

The sizes of solid wirelinein most common use are: 0.092 in and 0.108 in diameter, and
are obtainable from the drawing millsin one-piecestandard lengths of 10000,12000,15000,
18000,20000 and 25000 ft.

The most popular material for wirelineis improved plow steel (I.P.S.), because of its high
ultimate tensile strength, good ductility, and relatively low cost. Experience indicates that
improvedplow steel usually performs better than the more expensivespecialsteel lines, even
in corrosiveconditions - although then it must be used with an appropriate inhibitor(Servo
CK352or CK356).For "SweetWells"IPS can be used with inhibitor for high loads and long
service.For "Sour Wells"IPS can be used with inhibitor for high loads and short operating
time. .

When selecting or operating with wireline, various factors, such as the following,
have to be considered:

Physical pr~perties Total stress

Resistance to corrosion Care and handling
Effect of bending

Due to the H2S content of many wells special materials such as 0.092" NITRONIC-50
manufactured by Briden Wire, or stainlesssteelsare used. Although these are not as strong
as LP.S. they have an excellentresistance to H2S corrosion.

2 - 7
 WIRELINE

The bendingstressesthat the line is subjectedto are the most common cause of breaking but
are generallythe least considered. Bending occurs whenever a line deviates from a straight
line condition, such as when it passesover pulleysor reel drum, or when it is flexed by hand.
It is necessaryto employ specificmechanicalequipment, such as the reel drum, hay pulley,
stuffing box pulley and measuringwheel, when carrying out wirelineoperations. Each time
-
the lin~passes over a pulley it is subjected to two bending stresses when it changes from
a straight to a curved path and again when it reverts to a straight path. It is subject to only
one when it leavesthe reel drum. So, for each trip in and out of the well, the line probably
suffers a minimum of fourteen bending cycles.

Stuffing Box WIRELINE BENDING

7 6 CYCLES

Hay Pulley Counter

5
4 2 Reel

It is a good work practice to cut and c;liscard50m of wireline each time a new knot is made.

NOTE: 6 "bedding" wraps of carefully aligned wire are recommended to provide firm base
and give indication of wire low level.

The followingtable shows the relativestrengths of LP .S. (Improved Plough Steel) wire and
H2S resistant alloy wirelines:

MATEIAL DIAMETER BREAKING RECOMMENDED WT/IOOOM CHARACTERISTICS

STRENGTH MAX LOAD DaN LB
DaN LBS (APPROX.)
DaN LB
I.P.S. 0.092 688 1547 500 1125 33 74 For non-corrosivewells
0.108 937 2109 800 1800 41.S 93 Relativelycheap.
Nitronic-50 0.092 645 1450 300 675 33 74 Good in H,S & Chlorides up to
390F.More sensitiveto acid at
higher temps. than stainless 18-18-2.
18-18-2 0.092 600 1350 444 1000 30.5 68.5 Good resistanceto H,S.
Stainless 0.108 764 1720 622 1400 42 94
Supa 50 Alloy 0.092 644 1450 489 1100 30.5 68.5 Verygood resistanceto H,S.
0.108 884 1990 733 1650 42 94

2-8
 WIRELINE

Fault and cause Result Correction

Damage to reels:
bending of flanges, Wire snagging during Use slings when handling
distortion of barrel. unwinding. reels or use ramps. Do not
Caused by dropping. drop.

Corrosion in store:
Carbon steel wire is oiled, Under worst conditions All types of wire: store reels
but if stored uncovered, there will be pitting of the upright (on edge) on level
corrosionwill developat surface and local reduction solid base in dry covered
varying rates depending' i~ strength. conditions. If permanent
upon climate. I store is not available,
Alloysteels are for use Slight damage at this stage support reels off the ground
under corrosive conditions, - scarcely visible - may under waterproof cover.
but they are not completely increase the risk of alloy The latter should be kept out
immune and where there' wire corrosion in service. of contact with the wire and
are wind blown salts slight fastened down just clear of
damage may occur. the ground to allow air to
circulate and minimise
condensation.

Corrosion in service:
Thereare inevitable hazards
of well conditions and
environment.
There may be development
of surface pitting. At worse
there may be stress-
corrosion or hydrogen
embrittlement causing
brittle failure.
When rewinding wire, wipe
off well contamination. If
carbon steel wire reels are
to be put back into store,
re-oilthewireduring rewind.
Do not leaveany wireline
down-hole during shutdown.

Wire winding practice:

Wire damage may be caused at various stages in winding on to service reel from supply
reel or in rewind during use. To ensure good spooling, it is recommended that an
intermediate capstan is used between the supply reel and wireline unit drum to develop a
high line tension without risk of cutting down. Practices are followed in the running of
wirelines that have to strike a balance between operational convenience and wire life.
To the user some of the possibilities listed here may seem unlikely to happen, but they
are given so that if any should occur their significance will not be ignored.

1) Uneven winding:
Variable tension and/or
poor control of wire
traversing the barrel.
Wiie pulls down between
adjacent turns, preventing
free running, causing snags
and possibly wire breaks.
Maintain a regular traverse
of the wire across the full
width of the barrel to give
uniform build up of layers.
Coarse pitch and tension in
wind on to reel will minimise
risk of wire pulling down.
(but see 5 overleaf).

2 - 9
 WIRELINE
Fault and cause Result
2) Loops, bends:
Insufficient braking on Over-running with risk of
supply reel. snarls forming in looped
wire. Even if the snarl is
straightened out by hand
there can be a significant
reduction in strength.
Over-run wire may be
pulled over a reel flange
and be sharply bent.
3) Wire abrasion:
Rubbing on ground, Reduction in wire strength
caused by slack wire. as a result of loss of
sectional area of steel.
Rubbing on reel side, Reduction in sectional area.
caused by incorrect
traversing.
4) 'Wild' wire:
Caused by slack winding Wire may be difficult to
or by reversing the control and lead to tangles
natural curvature of the and snagging.
wire.
5) Wire indentation:
Caused by 'cross-cutting' Reduction in strength.
between adjacent layers
of wire.
6) Friction on pulleys:
Embrittlement of wire
Possible during 'jarring'.
surface.
Shock loads can produce
high surges out of all
proportion to the assumed
loads on the wire and may
cause failure.
7) Fatigue cracks:
Caused by repeated Wire failure, particularly if
bending under high other factors noted above,
stress. arp contributing.
. be 120: 1, to reduce the
2 - 10
Correction
Whatever the method used
to keep the wire under
tension during winding, a
brake on the supply reel is
desirable so that too much
slack wire does not appear
between two reels.
Keep tension and always
wind from 'top' to 'top' of
reels.
In service, rewind on top of
reel.
Angle of wire during
traverse and total traverse
must be controlled.
Always wind wire in the
direction of its natural
curvature. Never wind from
the top of one reel to the
underside of the other.
Avoid excessive tension in
winding and excessive
'jarring' when operating
down-hole tools.
Avoid excessive 'jarring'.
Cutting back the wire
between uses minimises
the chance of cumulative
damage.
Ratio of pulley and wire
diameters should preferably
significance of bending
stresses.
 BRAIDED LINE

The use of multistrand wirelinefor "heavy" fishingjobs has become more popular over the
last few years. Becauseof the forces involved,a well is sometimes killed before the fishing
job is attempted.The most common sizeof wireused in 3/16 in, with occassionaluse of 1/4".

, The conventional 3/16 in cable comprises 16 (9 + 6 + 1) strands. The core and the right
-lay inner wires are thinner than the left -lay outer wires. By using right and left lay the
twisting tendency of the wire under load is prevented.

0.04 in
Max breaking - 5062 lb (2250 DaN) for LP.S.
Working load - 4000 lb (1778 DaN) for LP.S.

4~
3/:6 in ~
3/16 in CABLE 0.03 in

A few years ago a British Ropes subsidiary introduced Dyform cable. Around the single centre
core are nine thinner right-lay wires, the outer wires are also right-lay, but thicker. The
finished cable is pulled through a die, and by doing this the following improvements are made.
- 20OJoincreasein break'ingload, because there is more steel in the same
diameter
- Smooth external periphery and closer tolerance of outside diameter, reducing
leakage at the stuffing box (

- Higher crush resistance because of the increased steel content of the cable
Low twist tendency because of the Dyform process.

Max breaking - 6300 lb (2800 DaN)

Working load - 4800 lb (2133 DaN)

l--:t~
3~
3/16 in DYFORM CABLE
0.05 in

CAUTION: Never carry out gas cutting, or welding operations near spools of wireline. Heat
or metal spray coming in contact with the wire could significantly change the
condition of the steel and cause early failure in use.
Never electric arc weld on a wireline unit with wire spooled on the drum. Serious
weakening of the wireline will occur.

2 - 11
 STANDARD WIRELINE COUNTER
r

The wirelinecounter is an essential component which accurately displaygthe depth of the wire-
line tools as they are run into the weU:They are available to read metres or feet

The most common design (refer page 2 - 13for details) is the standard counter.head.

Pressure Wheel

Counter Wheel

Pressure Wheel

For use with solid wireline(Slickline)up to and including 0.092" the wire is wrapped once around
the counter. :

For use with braided line and slickline greater than 0.092 wire passes straight through and is
held by one pressure wheel only.
For Braided line the following design is most common. A weight indicator is often incorporated
to measure the deflection force on the middle sheave.

Counter Wheel
WeightIndicator Cell
Pivot

Tension

Pressure Wheels

2 - 12
:><--
 WIRELINE COUNTERHEAD

This design, in itsvarious forms, isthe most commonly used counter for solid wireline operations.

Before use check the following:-

Counter wheel is free to rotate
Rotation is being transmitted freely to the odometer.
Direction of rotation is correct.
Cable is not kinked.
Odometer is fully re-engaged after zeroing.

"(/!~
(5(.",
~(A
'~
~

~.
, ......

",.
~~
~

~ -
.v ~.I~~ ~ . :r,
,
.

.fJ/
f~.J'"
"
ITEM
V DESCRIPTION
".

OTY
@
<.: "',"
., ~6'(~

1
2
WHEELASS'( SHEAVE0.092IN DIALINEMEASURESFEET
WHEELASSf PRESSURE0.092IN DIALINE
1
2
It is essential that counter wheel matches
3 SPINDLEFOR SHEAVEWHEEL(DIRECTDRIVE) 1 the line diameter in use. An wheel of the
4 NU'J:HEX-JAM-7I16.2ONF-PL 2
5 NU'J:ELASTIC S1OP-5I8-18 NF-PL 1 incorrect diameter, or a worn wheel, will
2
6
7
PLATE GUIDE BLOCK
BOLTTENSIONBLOCK10 FRAME 2
give an unacceptable accumulated error,
-
8 SCREW-RH-MACI:t , 1()'32NF x 3I8-PL 2 especially in deep wells.
9 FRAME-HEAD ASSY, 1
10 BOLT-ARM1'0 BLOCK 2
11 PIN-ROLl.11S x 5I8-'59-028-12!5-0825 2
12 COLLAR-TENSION BOLT 2 Counter wheel diameters:
13 BLOCK TENSION 2
14 BLOCK-SPINDLE & GUIDE-PRESSURE WHEEL 2
15 ENCLOSE BLOCK (FOR CABLE DRIVE) 1 7" Nominal for: 0.082/0.092line
16
17
BEARING-BAlL-8503-.668B x 1.574 OD. x .563 W
RING-SPACER.QUTSIDE
2
1
16"Nominal for: 0.105/0.108/0.125
18 KEY-sTEEL-' 5 WOODRUFF 1 & braided iine
19 SPINDLE FOR SHEAVE WHEEL (CABLE DRIVE) 1
20 BEARING FOR PRESSURE WHEEL 2
21 SCREW-RH-MACH-' 1()'32 NF 4

2 - 13
 WIRELINE UNIT

The wireline winch is your single most important piece of equipment. Its relia-
bility can be extended by making basic checks of oil and diesel levels etc. a habit
EACH TIME YOU RIG UP.

BEFORE STARTING CHECK THE FOLLOWING POINTS DAILY

.

Engine
'"

-Oil Level
-
- Water Level
- Fan belt (condition and tension)
- Battery fluid level.
- DIESEL
- Check Emergency Shut Down not tripped.
POWER PACK - HydraulicOil Level (should be above I I 2 full).
REEL PACK - Ensure gear in neutral
- Handbrake ON
- Check drive chain tension - adjust as necessary.

Observe routine maintainance schedules which will prolong the life of

your equipment and minimize breakdowns on location. Maintenance is based' on the
following guidelines:
50 hours - Change engine oil clean or change filters (oil, fuel, air)
150 hours - Grease and adjust drive chain
- Grease hydraulic motor bearing.
- Grease drum and drive shaft bearings.
500 hours - Change hydraulic oil and filters.

You should know how to do basic maintenance and solve minor engine faults.
Everyone should be able to bleed diesel to the injectors in the "unlikely" event
that the unit runs out of fuel or has an airlock.

The following explanation/diagrams,refer to a "Camco" type unit which has a 2-way

and 4-way valve in the circuit. New Camco units, and many others use a 4-way valve
and hydraulic relief valve only. ,

REMEMBER: Select direction with 4-way valve and use hydraulic relief valve and
, gears to control tension and sp~ed. 4-way valve SHOULD NOT be
used in partially shifted position.

i 2 -14
I
 HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT

A. Refer to Hydraulic Circuit Diagram p 1-36

To follow the path of the hydraulic oil through the circuit start at the hydraulic
oil tank in the lower left corner.

(I) Oil is gravity fed to the hydraulic pump.

(11) The pump is a positive displacement vane type connected directly to the
output shaft of the diesel engine.
(Ill) From the pump, oil is fed through the high pressure hose to the Reel Unit.
NOTE: (R2V Relief Valve will dump pressure in excess of 1500 psi back to
return line).
(IV) R2V Relief Valve on Reel Unit is set to maximum (1500 psi) but can be
manually overridden by hydraulic bypass valve on control panel.
THIS CONTROL DETERMINES PRESSURE AVAILABLE AT THE
MOTORLe: FORCEON THE WIRELINE.

(V) Main supply of oil is fed to the 4-way valve which determines
the direction of oil flow through the remainder of the circuit.
On Low Pressure Return :

. (I) . Returning oil passes through

,
an oil cooler.

(11) From the cooler it passes through a micro filter - 3/4" Choke on filter
'.,1
bypass ensure a portion of the oil constantly flows through filter.
(111) Oil returns to tank. .

CAUTION : If hydraulic oil level is permitted to drop insufficient retention

time will elapse prior to oil recirculating. This may result in trapped
air bubbles circulating through system. This will cause cavitation (noise)
in the system and will result in immediate loss of power.

If not rectified immediately damage can occur to expensive hyoraulic

components. .

2 -15
 RUNNING IN

B. RUNNINGIN - Using Hydraulics to control speed.

Refer to diagram on p. 1-37

Set controls on panel as follows:

I. Put 4-way valve in NEUTRAL (centre position)
2. Put 2-way valve in SHUT position (towards Operator).
3. Engage top gear.
4. Release Brake

S.U Ease 2-way valve towards OPEN position

(away from Operator) to control drum speed.

fu-planation of Oil Flow

(1) The weight of the toolstring rotates the motor (now acting as a "pump" )

(11) Oil is drawn through check valve "C: Oil can also be drawn through
4-way valve which is open to all ports. (Oil will automatically be drawn
from the line of least resistance).

(m) Oil output rate is controlled by the 2 - way valve which directly controls
drum speed.

In SHUT position (towards operator) no oil can pass, so dmm is stationary.

In OPEN position (away from operator) full oil flow, so drum will rotate
freely.

SPEED is controlled by varying the volume of oil permitted to pass

through the 2 - way valve.

2 - 18
 PULLING OUT

'C. PULLING OUT

Refer to diagram on p I - 40.

Set controls on panel as follows:
,
l. Back out Relief Valve nAn .

2. Pull both, control levers back towards operator.

3. Engage required gear (I - 2 - 3)

4. Screw Relief Valve nAn IN until pressure just begins to register
on panel hydraulic pres~ure gauge.
5. Release brake and adjust hydraulic pressure to control line force.

gplanation of Oil Flow:

(I) When relief Valve" An is backed out all oil from power pack is by-
passed to return line.

(11) As relief valve nA" is screwed in oil is forced through the 4-

way valve.

(111) 4-way valve 'position (towards operator) directs oil through the check
valve; through the motor, back through 4-way valve to
return line.

(IV) -
In SHUT position(towardsoperator)2 way valve forces all of the oil
through motor.

As this valve is opened oil bypasses motor (thus slowing drum speed)
and returns to the tanks.

'--'-'--~-'-""" , ,. ... ~ ... ,.-. .,...--

2 - 19
 JARRING DOWN

D. RUNNINGIN - USING ENGINE e.g. FOR JARRING DOWN.

Refer to Diagram on p I - 41.
Set control on panel as follows:
I. Engage required gear - check 2 way valve is back .(towards operator)
'2. Push 4-way valve forward (away from operator)
3. Push 2-way valve forward while releasing the brake.
4. Note: Relief Valve must be adjusted to provide desired force (speed).

Exp-Ianationof Oil Flow.

=-

(1) 4-way valve directs oil flow to rotate motor i!1reverse direction.

(11) Check valves prevent rectumof oil to tank. .

(111) Exhaust from motor is controlled by 2-way valve which thus controls
drum speed.
CAUTION: Excessive speed In downward direction can cause wire to
unspool off drum faster than gravity will cause tools
to fall, or jars to close.

OBSERVE HAY PULLEY CAREFULLY WIDLE JARRING DOWN

GEARBOX PATTERN:

1-,--Rt I towards

3~2 operator

(1) Engage Gears slowly - MnudgingM hydraulic controls if necessary to

mesh gears.
(11) Keep all braking I jarring movements smooth to avoid shock
loading wire.
(111) While pulling out ~ reduce hydraulic pressure frequently to avoid
overoull if tools hang up.

NafE: This gear pattern may vary with each type of unit.

2 - 22
 PROJECT 10 - WIRELINE UNIT

1 -
List the DAILY pre start check points.
(1)

(11)

(m)

(IV)

(V)

(VI)

2. If the diesel engine will not start, what 2 things should you check first?

(1)

(11)

3.. How many forward gears does the wireline unit have?

4. If the engine runs out of diesel what must you do to re - start?

5. Whatis the purpose of the "4 - way valve"in the hydrauliccircuit?

6. Whatis the purpose of the "2 - way valve"in the hydrauliccircuit?

"'.

2 - 23
 PROJECT 10 - WIRELINE UNIT

1 -
List the DAILY pre start check points.
(1)

(11)

(m)

(IV)

(V)

(VI)

2, If the diesel engine will not start, what 2 things should you check first?

(1)

(11)

3, How many forward gears does the wireline unit have?

4. If the engine runs out of diesel what must you do to re - start?

5, What is the purpose of the "4 - way valve" in the hydraulic circuit?

6. Whatis the purpose of the "2 - way valve"in the hydrauliccircuit?

""

2 - 23
 ~2S EMERGE,NCY TREATMENT

I. PUT ON BREATHING APPARATUS BEFORE ENTERING DANGER

AREA TO RESCUE A VICTIM OF H 2 S.
2. Move the victim to fresh air at once.

3. H2S is heavier than air so will be thicker at ground level.

4. If victim is not breathing, start ar1ificial respiration and keep' it up until

he starts breathing or until a doctor arrives.

5. H2S in strong concentrations can kill your sense of smell instantly so your nose
is not an adequate warning device.

6. Summonmedicalhelp.

7. If available, use a resuscitator.

8. Use your H 2 S monitors.

9. TOXICITYTABLE
ppm %
1 .0001 Can smell.
10 .001 Allowable exposure - 8 hours.
DangeruveI - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.:- - - - -
100 .01 Kills smell in 3 - 15 minutes
burns eyes and throat. ;~
500 .05 Loses sense of reasoning and
balance, Respiratory disturbances
in 2 - 15 minutes.
700 .07 Becomes unconcious quickly.
1000 .1 Unconscious at once. Pennanent
brain damage may result.

POISON GAS
Wear your breathing apparatus
I
2- 24
 PROJECT 11 - H2S SAFETY

From class discussion, manual and audio-visual presentation answer the following ques-
tions:-

1. What does H2S smell like?

2. Should you movean unconsciouswork mate to fresh air BEFORE or AFfER putting
on your breathing apparatus?

3. Explain your answer to Question 2.

4. Is H2S visible?

S. Will your nose alwaysprovide~dequate warning of the presence of H2S gas?

6. Why is a gas detector necessary when working in potential H2S areas.

\ '
I

7. Is H2S heavier or lighter than air?

8. Would it 'be wise to jump into the cellar if H2S is detected?

2 - 2S
 ADVANCED MEASURING
DEVICE

-.J

1,","--
REVOLUTIONARY
SLlCKLlNE
TECHNOLOGY
FROMHALLlBURTON
Set and retrieve packers,
plugs, and monobore
flow controls. Perforate,
cut casing and tubing.
All with depth accuracy
comparable to electric
line... wtth.the efficiency
. of slickline~
H
alliburtPn
. Advanced Slickline
Tedmology
. .produces depth
. measurements so.
accurate you can now use slicldine
procedures for many services
traditionally reserved for.electric
liIle;opera~ons. Procedure for pro-
cedure, when compared to electric
line, Halliburton's new slickline
tedmology'substantiallylowers
your total C.ost.
Key developments make this
revolutionary advance in slickline
utility possible:
. An Advanced Measurement
System that makes slicldine'
depth readings comparable to
. electric line depth readings.
A Slickline Collar Locator that
pinpoints tubing or casing
collars.
. A Downhole Power Unit that
eliminates the need forexplo-'
sives to set'packersand plugs.
. An Electronic Triggering Device
that fires perforating and cutting.
charges.
. A Data/Job Logger that pro-
duces real-time slicldine collar
logs or customer job summary.
. A Wire Inspection Device that
detects abnormalities in slickline
to facilitate wire management
and reduce pre~ature failures.
Unprecedented slickline
accuracy
Halliburton's Advanced
Measurement System (AMS) uses
microprocessor tedmologyto take
the guesswork out of slickline depth
measurements. Yes, we still count
wheel ~.But, the processor not
only counts wheel turns, it also
instantly .and cOntinuously adjusts.
for.the effect of ambient tempera-
tureon counter wheel size and for
. tenSlon-causedline Stretchmea-
sured,with. an electronic load
.. sensor.
Depth, tension and line speed are
. .ogged and a haId copy printed in
real.time, guiding the operator and
providing a peImanentjob record.,
Correlate to the original log
to identify collar locations
.Halliburton;s exclusive Slickline
Collar Locator further enhances data
accuraCY;'AsitPasses a.tubing or
,Casingrollar;itincreaseslineten-,
siore~Thetension spikes are record-
ed hfrealtime on the permanent job
logso the operator alwayskriows
the precise tool location in relation
to the tubing or casing collars.
Set packers and plugs with-
out explosives
The remarkable Halliburton
Downhole Power Unit eliminates
the need to use explosive charges to
set packers and plugs; So you don't
pay for an operator qualified to han-
dle explosivesor for costly security
precautions. The slow controlled
force provided by an electro-
mechanical powertrain improves
setting performance for downhole
.
equipment, such as packers, w~re
improved element compression and
a more unifoIm slip set are obtained.
Perforating and cutting
services perfolD\edwith
slickline
The Halliburton Electronic
Triggering Device employs s1ick-
line to run and fire perforating and
cutting charges when explosives
are a requirement. The triggering
device also can be used to fire
explosive-activated tools used to
set plugs and packers. The device~s
redundant safety system prevents
premature firing.
Produce a pelD\anent job
record
Data'recorded through the Job
LOggercan either be printed. hard-
copy or stored to floppy disCas a
permanent well file. The data can.
also be merged with data from
doWnhole memory tool sUJVeysto
produce API quality production
well lOgsfor diagnostic or flow
analysis. .
EVen more built in reliability
Halliburton's new wire inspection
device has prevented. fishing tripS
and has greatly reduced lost pro-
duction time.caused bysJickline ..
failure. The device can be used:for' .
periodic electronic inspection to
detect line abnormalities.
fuadditfun,. a perinanent record of
each line's job history, when utiliz".
ing AMS and Job Logger, provides
a basis for predicting wire failures
due to normal; job-related stresses
and exposure to hostile well
'
environments.
Thl! State..:of-the-art Advanced
Slickline Service System offered
byHalliburton provides the
most efficient mecms fOT precise
depth correlation, setting plugs
and packers,
perforating,
and producing.
high quality
memory
production
logs.
,-~ liliii
HALUBURTON ADVANCED SUCKUNE SERVICE SYSTEM
The system that provides services traditionally performed by E-Line services, but with slickline.

.. Data I Job Logger

Wirelnspeaion Device
Advan~
g_o
-"' (~.
-"'
Measuring System (AMS) Panel

~ 0
0@
. -~
"w' 00. .

~
...
-r.-

. tdet'llOl'Y.Produdion Logging

. Pi'essure
... CCllGamma Ray

.
. Teft1Pet'ature
FullOOre spinner

Sliddine
Collar
locator

DownJwIe
Po-
Unit

1.1 Cl<02S29
 H'A.LLI DU.It,TON

AdvancedA1easurement
System i

surement. Operational safety fea-

Halliburton's Advanced
Measurement System
(AMS) for slickline services
combines microprocessor
technology with the con-
ventional measuring wheel.
AMSPanel
Electronic Load Sensor - The cell
provides data for determining
actual line tension by measuring
total load in pounds. The depth
panel computes line tension
based on the load data and rig-up
angle.
tures that have been incorporated
are: 1) a lOO-foot [30 meter] surface
alarm that warns the operator of
approaching the surface and 2)
excessive tension override, which
can be tied into the hydraulic drive
and will stall the hydraulic drive of
the slickline drum if line tension
exceeds the operator's setting.
Industry RS-232 and RS-422 serial
port communication is used for
recording direction, depth, line
speed, line tension, time, and units
of measurement. The data can be
used for customer job records or for
memory production logging corre-
lation's. Class I, Division II (Zone
II) hazardous rating is available on
the portable AMS version.

Three primary components make

up the system: the depth panel, the
optical encoder, and the wire ten-
sion measuring sensor.
Depth Panel -The panel
receives real-time data signals
from the optical encoder and
from the tension load sensor. A
microprocessor uses the data, as
well as data on direction and line
speed, to continuously calculate
depth. The processor corrects
depth readings for the effect of
ambient temperature on mea-
surement wheel size, elastic
stretch of the slickline, and ten-
sion on the line.
Encoder - Driven by the measuring
wheel, the encoder provides raw
depth information.
Design Features
The Advanced Measurement
System (AMS) comes in a standard
console mount package or as a
portable system. The system is
compatible with all commonly used
slicklines and braided lines and
with 2-, 3-, and 4- foot - circumfer-
ence measuring wheels. Digital
displays include depth, line ten-
sion, and line speed. Analog line
CombinationDeothandLine
tensions gauges for total line ten-
sion and incremental line tension TensionNleasurement
Assembly
are provided for clarity and with EncoderandLoadSensor
response sensitivity necessary dur-
ing slickline operations. The sys-
tem can be used with different
encoders (pulse per revolution can
be changed) and adapts easily to
existing counter assemblies. The
unit can be switched between
English and Metric units of mea-

E-Linedeoth-measurement
I accuracy
I. at s/icklineorices.

I
i
.. . H'A.LLI.R:Ud~rcrN.

DPU!Svstem
EconomicalandDependable
Setting
andRetrieving
forDownholeTools.
. Can reduce your cost for setting packers and bridge
plugs by 15 to 50% when compared to electric line
with explosive setting tools
. Improves safety with its non-explosive operation
. Operates on economical slickline
. Reduces service tool rental charges
Halliburton's new Downhole Power Unit (DPU"') can
help cut your costs for setting packers, bridge plugs,
cement retainers, sump packers, and whipstocks. It's
also an economical method for setting and retrieving
the new Monolock'" device, and for shifting sleeves
of downhole tubulars. The DPU offers several

.
important benefits:
Eliminates the need for electric wireline and an
explosive-operated setting tool. The DPU can be run
on slickline, braided line, or coiled tubing. This
means it offers the economy of slickline and the
versatility to meet operational requirements.
. Improves safety. Eliminates transportation
and handling of explosives and does not require
explosive-trained personnel.
. Offers proven, dependable operation. The DPU
system already has been used to set over 100 tools
without a flaw. In several cases, multiple tools have
been set with the same set of batteries in the DPU.
Plus, the unit uses standard off-the-shelf batteries.
The unit is equipped with a timer/accelerometer /
pressure actuation system designed to assure the tool
won't set until it's supposed to set. Plus, the electronics,
the batteries, and the electric motor all are proven
downhole performers.
. Offers positive setting of slips and elements. The
DPU system applies slow, controlled force requiring
about 10 minutes to complete a full setting stroke and
to apply full force. Setting stroke is fully adjustable
within the maximum usable stroke.

CostSavinf!
v innovationsin Comoietion
I Products
Benefits
..
Unsurpassed Depth Measurement Accuracy

...
Accuracy for Nippleless Completion's
Increased Operational Efficiency and Safety
Depth, Line Speed, and Line Tension Data Transmission and Storage
Reliability and Repeatability

Case History
The first Advanced Measurement Systems w~re placed on the Alaskan North
Slope, and are now being deployed globally.

North Slope - Pulling Gas Lift Valves

A common operation on the North Slope involves pulling and replacing gas-lift valves. In this case study, the opera-
tor pulled and replaced 6 gas-lift valves ranging from depths of 2,000feet to 8,600 feet (609 m to 2,621m) using .108-
inch-diameter stainless steel slickline. Precise depth correlation was achieved using the incremental line tension
indicator. AMS depth data (in feet) for the gas-lift valves as compared to the conventional mechanical counter was
as follows:

True Depth Mech. Depth Mech. Variance AMS Depth AMS Variance
2058 2048 -10 2057 -1
2990 2973 -17 2987 -3
4997 4969 -28 4992 -5
6248 6219 -29 6249 +1
6863 6831 -32 6860 -3
8565 8538 -27 8565 -3

Note how mechanical depth variance increases with depth. This is indicative of elastic stretch differences at various
depths. The AMS depth measurement's are within :t 5 feet/10,OOO feet.

Halliburton's advanced measurement system brings unparalleled accuracy to slickline procedures,

accuracy that makes slickline a low-cost alternative to E-line for many services. For additional
information, contact your Halliburton representative - your Solution Connection.SM

GHALlIBURTON
Sales of Halliburton products and services will be in accord solely with the terms and conditions
contained in the contract between Halliburton and the customer that is applicable to the sale.

TT200 @ 1995 Halliburton Energy Services Printed in U.S.A.

 . Reduces service tool rental changes. The DPU is
field convertible between the running and retrieving
For more information about how the
modes. Depending on tool size, the DPU can new DPU system can help set and
generate 60,000 or 30,000 lbf in either direction. retrieve downhole tools safely and
. Helps optimize operating speed for the most
efficient operations. The DPU timer control can be
dependably at a significantly lower
cost, contact your local Halliburton
preset for several time intervals to match virtually
any operating environment.
representative-your Solution Connectiorl.
. Assures dependable operation in the well. Operation
of the DPU can be visually checked on the surface
before the system is run downhole. Although the
timer switch is actuated by a pressure switch and
normally governed by an accelerometer, the timer
can be manually triggered on the surface..

* DPU System Specifications

Type 20SL Type 10SL

Max OD 3.663 in. 2.73 in.
(93.0 mm) (69.3 mm)

Closed length 79.5 in. 69.0 in.

(2.02 m) (1.75 m)

Extended length 86 in. 75 in.

(2.19 m) (1.91 m)
Usable stroke 8.75 in. 6.0 in.
(222 mm) (152mm)

Working pressure 10,000 pSI 10,000 psi

(689.4 bar) (689.4 bar)

Setting force 60,000 Ibf 30,000 Ibf

(266880 N) (133440 N)
Servi ce std* std'
Powersource 30 VDC 30 VDC

Temperature 250F 250F

(121C) (121C)

, Intermediate H2 Service

f:jHALLlBURTON'"
Salesof Halliburton products and services will be in accord solely with the terms and conditions
contained in the contract between Halliburton and the customer that is applicable to the sale.

CPP5634 0 1995 Halliburton Company Printed in U.S.A.