INTERACTIVE SCHEMATIC

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 RENR5514-01
September 2003

312C Excavator
Hydraulic System
CBA1-UP
CAE1-UP
BNN1-UP
FDS1-UP
CBT1-UP
BWH1-UP
DBN1-UP

2003 Caterpillar, All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A.

COMPONENT LOCATION

Part Machine Schematic

Description
Number Location Location
Accumulator Gp 087-4456 1 B-4
Cylinder & Seal GP - Boom 170-9834 2 F-3
Cylinder & Seal GP - Bucket 170-9803 3 F-2
Cylinder & Seal GP - Stick 170-9835 4 F-3
Filter & Valve GP - Pilot 158-8987 5 A-4
Filter Gp - Oil 126-2075 6 A-4
Filter Gp - Oil - Hyd Return 173-3434 7 A-5
Manifold GP - Ctrl - Pilot Oil 158-8251 8 B-4
Motor GP - Swing 170-9893 9 F-7
Pump GP - Main Hydraulic 173-0663 10 B-2
Switch AS - Pressure(Implement) 170-9335 11 D-4
Switch AS - Pressure(Travel) 170-9335 12 C-4
Swivel GP 162-4696 13 E-5
Tank & Filter GP - Hydraulic 168-9526 14 A-5
Valve GP - Check - Cooler Bypass 171-0002 15 C-1
Valve Gp - Main Control 171-0016 16 D-2
Valve GP - Pilot (Boom/Bucket) 165-9522 17 C-6
Valve GP - Pilot (Stick/Swing) 165-9522 18 C-7
Valve Gp - Pilot Travel 165-9522 19 D-6
Valve GP - Pressure Reducing(Boom Priority) 148-6218 20 C-2
Valve GP - Shuttle 185-0462 21 B-6
Valve GP - Solenoid(Swing Parking Brake) 121-1492 22 B-4
Valve GP - Solenoid(Travel Speed) 121-1491 23 B-4
FLUID POWER SYMBOLS
BASIC COMPONENT SYMBOLS

MAIN AUX.
PUMP: VARIABLE and
PUMP or MOTOR FLUID CONDITIONER SPRING CONTROL VALVES RESTRICTION LINE RESTRICTION 2-SECTION PUMP PRESSURE COMPENSATED
(FIXED)

VARIABILITY SPRING LINE RESTRICTION PRESSURE HYDRAULIC PNEUMATIC LINE RESTRICTION ATTACHMENT
(ADJUSTABLE) (VARIABLE) COMPENSATION ENERGY TRIANGLES VARIABLE and PRESSURE
COMPENSATED

VALVE ENVELOPES
VALVES
VALVE PORTS

ONE POSITION TWO POSITION THREE POSITION TWO-WAY THREE-WAY FOUR-WAY

CONTROL VALVES CHECK VALVES

AB AB

P T P T
BASIC SPRING SHUTTLE PILOT
NORMAL POSITION SHIFTED POSITION INFINITE POSITION
SYMBOL LOADED CONTROLLED

FLUID STORAGE RESERVOIRS

VENTED PRESSURIZED RETURN ABOVE FLUID LEVEL RETURN BELOW FLUID LEVEL

MEASUREMENT ROTATING SHAFTS

PRESSURE TEMPERATURE FLOW UNIDIRECTIONAL BIDIRECTIONAL

COMBINATION CONTROLS

SOLENOID SOLENOID SOLENOID SOLENOID and SERVO THERMAL DETENT

or MANUAL and PILOT PILOT or MANUAL

MANUAL CONTROL SYMBOLS

PUSH-PULL LEVER MANUAL SHUTOFF GENERAL MANUAL PUSH BUTTON PEDAL SPRING

RELEASED PRESSURE PILOT CONTROL SYMBOLS

REMOTE SUPPLY PRESSURE

EXTERNAL RETURN INTERNAL RETURN SIMPLIFIED COMPLETE INTERNAL

SUPPLY PRESSURE

ACCUMULATORS CROSSING AND JOINING LINES HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC CYLINDERS

SPRING LOADED GAS CHARGED LINES CROSSING LINES JOINING SINGLE ACTING DOUBLE ACTING

HYDRAULIC PUMPS HYDRAULIC MOTORS INTERNAL PASSAGEWAYS

FIXED VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT FIXED VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT INFINITE THREE TWO

DISPLACEMENT NON-COMPENSATED DISPLACEMENT NON-COMPENSATED POSITIONING POSITION POSITION

UNIDIRECTIONAL UNIDIRECTIONAL

FLOW IN ONE PARALLEL CROSS FLOW ALLOWED IN

BIDIRECTIONAL BIDIRECTIONAL DIRECTION FLOW FLOW EITHER DIRECTION
ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS
Hydraulic Symbols (Electrical)

G M
Transducer Transducer Generator Electric Motor
(Fluid) (Gas / Air)

Pressure Switch Pressure Switch Temperature Switch Electrical Wire

(Adjustable)

Electrical Symbols (Electrical)

Pressure Temperature Level Flow

Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol

Wire Number Identification Codes

Electrical Schematic Example Hydraulic Schematic Example

Current Standard Current Standard

Harness identification code
This example indicates
wire 135 in harness "AG". Wire
Circuit Number Wire Color
Identification

325-AG135 PK-14
325-PK
Circuit Identification Wire Color Wire Gauge
Number

Previous Standard
Wire Color
Wire

325-PK-14
B A
Circuit Number Wire Gauge
Identification (EXAMPLE VALVE)
 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

TRAVEL MOTOR (LEFT) TRAVEL MOTOR (RIGHT)

(9) MOTOR GP - SWING
170-9893
R/G R/G

F F
Dr T T

Au
PS PS (4) CYLINDER & SEAL GP (2) CYLINDER & SEAL GP (3) CYLINDER & SEAL GP
STICK BOOM BUCKET
170-9835 170-9834 170-9803

M2 M1 M1 M2

E F

B C A

A B A B

(13) SWIVEL GP
162-4696
E E

(11) SW AS
PRES (IMP)
170-9335

PP

dA1 PA1 PSW PB1 dB1 aL3 bL3 BL3 AL3 dB

(19) VALVE GP
PILOT TRAVEL
D 165-9522 (16) VALVE GP D
MAIN CONROL
171-0016

TT TP

R2
(17) VALVE GP
PILOT (BOOM/BUCKET)
B3 B2
B4 B1 165-6522
(18) VALVE GP HL
B5 B6
PILOT (STICK/SWING) HR
165-6522
JR3
JL1
JLT JRP
C C
(20) VALVE GP
JL4 JL2 JR2
JR4 PRESS REDUCING
R1 148-6218
JLP JL3 JRT JR1

bR5 bR4 PTA PR PL dST1 aL5 bL5 aL6 bL6

P2

T
(15) VALVE GP
P1 CHECK
P
171-0002
B3 B2
B4 B1 (12) SWITCH AS
B5 B6
PRESS (TRAVEL)
170-9335

(23) VALVE GP
M2 A3 PS
SOL (TRAVEL)
M4
121-1491
(22) VALVE GP
SOL (SWING) A2 X2
P2 P1 Pi1 Pi2 PSA1 PSA2 121-1492
B B
A1

A2

A3

A5

A6

A8
A4

A7

(8) PILOT OIL

DR1 MANIFOLD GP
DR2 CONTROL (10) PUMP GP - MAIN
(21) VALVE GP
B6

B7

B8
B1

B2

B3

C
B5
B4

DR3 158-8251
SHUTTLE HYDRAULIC
DR4
185-0462 173-0663
DR5 Si

DR6
(1) ACCUM GP
RELIEF VALVE 087-4456 Dr
TOUT2 TOUT1 PIN S3

(5) FILTER & VALVE GP A1

DrB4 M5
PILOT DrB7 J
158-8987 DrB1 X1

DrB3 M3
LINE PATTERNS
DrB5
M1
(6) FILTER GP Main Connector / Pressure Line
OIL Pilot / Load Sensing Pressure
PG
126-2075 Drain / Return Lines

Component Group
A (14) TANK & (7) FILTER GP A
FILTER GP OIL RETURN
168-9526 173-3434

THIS SCHEMATIC IS FOR THE 312C EXCAVATOR HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

MEDIA NUMBER: RENR5514-01
SCHEMATIC PART NUMBER: 158-8235, CHANGE: 02, VERSION: -
Components are shown installed on a fully operable machine with the key and engine off, transmission shifter
in neutral and with parking brake set.
Refer to the appropriate Service Manual for Troubleshooting, Specifications and Systems Operations.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1
MACHINE COMPONENT LOCATIONS
VIEW ALL CALLOUTS

17 18 21
19
20 2

16 9
15 11 3

12

13

7
14
5
1
8
10
MAIN CONTROL VALVE

RBL2

MR

NRL PTA
bL6 bL5 bR4 bR5

bL4 bL3 bL2 bL1 bR1 bR2 bR3

PP PSW RBr3
RBL4
RBL3

CLa2

bL4 bL3 bL2 bL1 bR1 bR2 bR3

PBR3
RBL4 dB1 PB1
PBR3
PP PSW
RBL3
BL2
BR3
FA1
BRC BR2 ARC
BL1 BR1
dA1
BL4 BL3 LCb1
LCa2 LCBR LCs LCPa1

LCO
AL4 AL3 AL2 AL1 AR2
AR1
LCa1

AR3
RAL3

aL4
aL3 aL1 aR1 aR2 aR3
RAL4 RAL2
PILOT MANIFOLD
VIEW ALL CALLOUTS

PAC

DR2
DR6

T-OUT(2)

T-OUT(1)
PSA1
22
DR1 DR5
PSA2

Pi2

P-IN

Pi1

DR4

P2

23

P1