Professional Documents
Culture Documents
that operates in three dimensions. It is one of changing throughout history. The classic
the plastic arts. Durable sculptural processes materials, with outstanding durability, are
originally used carving (the removal of metal, especially bronze, stone and pottery,
material) and modeling (the addition of with wood, bone and antler less durable but
material, as clay), in stone, metal, ceramics, cheaper options. Precious materials such as
wood and other materials but, since gold, silver, jade, and ivory are often used
Modernism, there has been an almost for small luxury works, and sometimes in
complete freedom of materials and process. larger ones, as in chryselephantine statues.
A wide variety of materials may be worked More common and less expensive materials
by removal such as carving, assembled by were used for sculpture for wider
welding or modeling, or molded, or cast. consumption, including hardwoods (such as
oak, box/boxwood, and lime/linden);
Sculpture in stone survives far better than terracotta and other ceramics, wax (a very
works of art in perishable materials, and common material for models for casting, and
often represents the majority of the surviving receiving the impressions of cylinder seals
works (other than pottery) from ancient and engraved gems), and cast metals such
cultures, though conversely traditions of as pewter and zinc (spelter). But a vast
sculpture in wood may have vanished almost number of other materials have been used
entirely. However, most ancient sculpture as part of sculptures, in ethnographic and
was brightly painted, and this has been lost. ancient works as much as modern ones.
[2]