Module 17.

1: Fundamental

1. A ducted propeller
a) gives more thrust at low RPM than an unducted propeller
b) although safe to personnel gives less thrust at low RPM than an unducted propeller
c) can only be used for vectored thrust

2. When the propeller is in reverse, the thrust

a) acts on the flat face
b) is decreased as the aircraft forward speed is decreased
c) acts on the cambered section

3. Slip is
a) the amount by which the distance covered in one revolution falls short of the geometric
pitch
b) a part of the propeller
c) the airstream in the wake of the propeller blade

4. A propeller blade absorbs more power at

a) all blade angles, as all blade angles absorb equal power
b) a low blade angle
c) a high blade angle

5. CTM causes the blade to

a) bend rearwards at the tips
b) bend forwards at the tip
c) rotate about its pitch change axis

6. A propeller blade absorbs more torque at

a) all blade angles, as all blade angles absorb equal torque
b) a low blade angle
c) a high blade angle

7. A single engined aircraft fitted with a right hand propeller will

a) roll to the left
b) not have any tendency to roll
c) roll to the right

8. What is the propeller ground clearance for a tailwheel aircraft?

a) 7 inches
b) 9 inches
c) 18 inches
9. The maximum airspeed of the aerofoil section of a propeller blade is at the
a) master station
b) tip
c) root

10.What is propeller radial clearance?

a) 1/2 inch
b) 1 inch
c) 2 inches

11.What is the minimum longitudinal clearance?

a) 1 inch
b) 2 inches
c) 1/2 inch

12.The ground (sea) clearance of a seaplane propeller is

a) 1 inch
b) 18 inches
c) 9 inches

13.High speed propellers are designed to

a) operate at supersonic tip speeds
b) rotate at high RPM
c) operate at high forward speeds

14.The amount of thrust produced depends on

 a) aerofoil shape, thrust and angle of attack
b) pitch angle, RPM and thrust
c) angle of attack, RPM and aerofoil shape

15.Variations in blade angle of attack occur with

a) propeller design, airspeed
b) airspeed, RPM
c) aerofoil shape, RPM

16.Aerodynamic twisting moment tends to

a) decrease blade angle
b) increase blade angle
c) decrease angle of attack

17.When in the windmill position ATM

a) assists CTM
b) opposes CTM
c) is not related to CTM

18.What is the blade angle in reverse position?

a) +15
b) +83
c) -15

19.The optimum angle of attack for a fixed pitch propeller is

a) 6 - 10 degrees
b) 2 - 4 degrees
c) 15 degrees

20.The optimum pitch angle for a fixed pitch propeller is

a) 6 - 10 degrees
b) 45 degrees
c) 2 - 4 degrees

21.A left handed propeller is one that

a) rotates clockwise when viewed from the front
b) rotates clockwise when viewed from the rear
c) is fitted to an engine on the left side of the aircraft

22.For the same speed of rotation, the most efficient propeller blade type is one having
a) a low camber
b) a high camber
c) a medium camber
23.Propeller airstream velocity, when compared with air velocity during flight, is
a) lower
b) higher
c) the same

24.At a constant speed and a fixed pitch, a high cambered propeller will
a) absorb more power than a low cambered propeller
b) absorb less power than a low cambered propeller
c) have more torque than a low cambered propeller

25.Most stressed area of vibration from a piston engine is

a) 6 inches from blade tip
b) 12 inches from blade tip
c) 3 inches from blade tip

26.The geometric pitch of a propeller is 75 inches. At 2400 RPM what distance is the propeller
likely to move in one second?
a) 50 inches
b) 3650 inches
c) 2450 inches

27.Forces acting on a propeller are

 a) torsion, tension and thrust
b) centrifugal, twisting, and bending
c) torque, thrust and centrifugal

28.A fixed pitch propeller is usually

a) at an optimum angle at take-of
b) at too fine an angle at take-of
c) at too coarse an angle at take-of

29.The master element station is usually situated

a) at 0.7 blade span away from blade tip
b) at 0.7 blade span away from blade root
c) at 0.7 blade span away from centre of hub

30.If the rev/min. of a variable pitch propeller decreases, the blade angle will tend to
a) decrease
b) increase
c) remain unchanged

31.The blade angle at the root is

a) less than the tip
b) same from tip to root
c) greater than the tip

32.If the rev/min. of a fixed pitch propeller decreases, the blade angle will tend to
a) decrease
b) remain unchanged
c) increase

33.If the rev/min. of a variable pitch propeller decreases, the blades' angle-of-attack will tend
to
a) remain unchanged
b) increase
c) decrease

34.Humidity is related to
a) pressure
b) temperature
c) density

35.What force on a propeller blade turns the blades to a fine pitch?

a) Torque
b) CTM
c) ATM

36. If the rev/min. of a fixed pitch propeller decreases, the blades' angle-of-attack will tend to
a) decrease
b) remain unchanged
c) increase

37. Blade angle and angle of attack of fixed pitch propeller is

a) 6-10 degrees and 2-4 degrees
b) 15 degrees and 4 degrees
c) 4-6 degrees and 6-10 degrees

38. The reduction gear ratio is the ratio between

a) the propeller and the engine rev/min
b) the blades' fine and coarse pitch
c) the disc area and the blade area

39. Power is
a) torque x rotational speed
b) torque divided by rotational speed
c) torque minus rotational speed

40. Which produces most drag on a piston engined aircraft in normal flight?
a) Engine
 b) Propeller
c) Both propeller and engine produce same amount of drag

41. The purpose of propeller twist is

a) to maintain Angle of Attack at the same value along the blade
b) to maintain Blade Angle along the blade
c) coarsen the blade angle at the root

42. The forces acting on a propeller blade are

a) thrust, aerodynamic and tension
b) bending, twisting and centrifugal
c) thrust and torque

43. Blade angle at the root is

a) low
b) high
c) master blade angle

44. Blade angle is taken from the chord and

a) relative airflow
b) plane of rotation
c) propeller shaft

45. An ofset fin is used to counteract propeller slipstream efect

a) on approach to landing
b) at high power and low speed
c) cruise power settings and speeds

46. What forces act on a propeller blade?

a) Thrust and torque
b) Bending, CTM and ATM
c) Bending, thrust, torque

47. ATM and CTM

a) are unified forces which always act together
b) are unrelated forces
c) only act in a unified manner when the propeller is windmilling

48. CTM will

a) cause the tips to rotate at supersonic speeds
b) turn the blade about the pitch change axis
c) try to bend the blade away from the engine

49. From reverse pitch, to return to normal pitch it

a) passes through coarse then fine
b) passes through coarse
c) passes through fine

50. When in reverse pitch, CTM will tend to move the propeller blades towards
a) a negative pitch
b) a positive pitch
c) a position depending on rpm

51. If the blade angle is increased

a) lateral stability decreases
b) the pitch becomes coarser
c) the pitch becomes finer

52. As a propeller blade moves through the air, forces are produced, which are known as
a) thrust and torque
b) lift and drag
c) lift and torque

53. A rotating propeller imparts rearwards motion to a

a) small mass of air at low velocity
b) small mass of air at high velocity
 c) large mass of air at low velocity

54. Propeller efficiency is

a) the ratio of output speed to input propeller speed
b) the ratio of the work applied to the geometric pitch to useful work on the C.S.U.
c) the ratio of the useful work done by the propeller to work done by the engine on the
propeller

55. Geometric Pitch is the distance moved

a) in one revolution
b) in one revolution without slip
c) in one revolution when slip is maximum

56. As propeller rotation speed increases the centrifugal turning moment on the blades will
a) increase
b) remain constant through r.p.m. range
c) decrease.

57. Propeller torque is the resistance ofered by the propeller to

a) changing pitch
b) feathering
c) rotation

58. The angle between the resultant airflow direction and the propeller blade plane of rotation
is known as
a) helix angle or angle of advance
b) blade angle
c) angle of attack

59. The propeller is 'feathered' when the blades are at

a) 90 to plane of rotation.
b) 20 to plane of rotation
c) 0 to plane of rotation

60. At constant rpm, advance per revolution depends on

a) the angle of advance.
b) forward speed.
c) SHP

61. Aerodynamic Twisting Moment

a) turns the blade to low pitch.
b) turns the blade to windmill
c) turns the blades to high pitch

62. Propeller blade angle

a) is constant along the blade length
b) increases from root to tip
c) decreases from root to tip

63. Coarse pitch is used for

a) maximum economical cruise in level flight
b) take of and climb
c) landing and power checks

64 Reduction gearing allows the

a blade tips to operate below the speed of sound
b blade tips to operate above the speed of sound
c blade tips to rotate slower than the root of the propeller blade

65 Efective pitch is
a geometric pitch plus slip
b pitch measured at the master station
c distance moved in one revolution

66 Prior to using the universal propeller protractor

 a determine the reference blade station
b check date stamp for serviceability
c ensure the propeller blade is at the horizontal

67 A windmilling propeller has

a a small positive angle of attack
b a small negative blade angle
c a small negative angle of attack

68 The thrust face of a propeller blade is the

a blade face or flat side
b root to which the gear segment is fitted
c blade back or curved side

69 Solidity of a propeller can be increased by

a increasing blade angle
b increasing blade chord
c increasing blade thickness

70 Windmilling causes
a maximum propeller drag
b Centrifugal Twisting Moment
c propeller underspeeding

71 Torque acts
a in opposition to the direction of rotation
b in the same direction as the plane of rotation
c at right angles to the plane of rotation

72 The purpose of blade twist is to

a reduce angle of attack at the blade root
b to even out thrust distribution across the propeller
c to ensure that tip speed does not go faster than Mach 1

73 Which of the following functions requires the use of a propeller blade station?
a Indexing blades
b Measuring blade angle
c Propeller balancing

74 How is the blade station measured?

a In inches from the centre of the hub
b In inches from the tip
c As a percentage of blade length from the tip

75 Blade stations are measured from the

a shank
b tip
c centre of the hub

76 The RPM of a windmilling propeller is primarily related to

a TAS
b IAS
c EAS

77 Thrust is greatest
a the same all along the length
 b at 70 to 80% of propeller length
c in the first 50%

78 CTM changes the pitch of a blade

a towards the feather plane
b bending forward
c about its twisting axis

79 The velocity of the slipstream behind the aircraft in relation to the ambient air is
a less
b greater
c equal

80 High speed aerofoils are employed at

a the tips
b the root
c the master station

81 A right hand propeller

a is always fitted to the starboard engine
b rotates clockwise when viewed from the front
c rotates clockwise when viewed from the rear

82 Given that blade angle is measured from the centre of the hub, the blade angle at the
blade shank is considered to be
a Master Station value
b lowest
c highest

83 A windmilling propeller will create

a more drag in feather
b more drag in coarse pitch
c more drag in fine pitch

84 The pressure face of a propeller is

a the flat face
b the leading edge
c the camber face

85 In blade station numbering the stations nearest the hub are

a lowest
b highest
c datum

86 A propeller mounted forward of the engine is known as

a a tractor propeller
b hydromatic propeller
c a pusher propeller

87 Contra-rotating propellers are

a propellers on a twin engined aircraft revolving in opposite directions
b two propellers on the same shaft on one engine-each revolving in a diferent
direction
c propellers geared to rotate in the opposite direction to the engine
88 The chord line of a propeller is
a a line joining the tips of the blades
b a line joining the tip to the root of the blade
c a line joining the leading and trailing edges

89 An aerodynamic braking propeller goes through

a the fine pitch position to act as a brake
b the coarse pitch position to act as a brake
c the feathered pitch position to act as a brake

90 The plane of rotation is defined as

a the angle at which the blade strikes the airflow
b the plane in which the propeller rotates
c the plane in which thrust force acts

91 The propulsive efficiency of a propeller-turbine engine is higher than that of a jet-

turbine engine at aircraft speeds
a above approximately 450 mph
b below approximately 450 mph
c within the range 450 mph and 700 mph

92 Thrust bending force on a propeller blade

a intensifies the centrifugal forces to some degrees
b tends to bend the propeller blade forward at the tip
c can be used in propeller design to reduce some operation stress

93 What is the ground clearance for a Tricycle Geared Aircraft?

a 9 inches
b 7 inches
c 1 inch

94 What conditions are applied to a propeller blade windmilling?

a Negative angle of attack, thrust positive
b Positive angle of attack, thrust negative
c Negative angle of attack, thrust negative

95 In a variable pitch propeller system, a decrease in propeller RPM will

a decrease blade pitch
b increase negative torque
c increase blade pitch

96 The primary purpose of a propeller is to

a create lift on the fixed aerofoils of an aircraft
b change engine horsepower to thrust
c provide static and dynamic stability to aircraft

97 To achieve reverse pitch the blade angle must be

a less than 0
b more than 90
c more than 17

98 The primary purpose of a feathering propeller is to

a eliminate the drag created by a windmilling propeller when an engine fails in flight
b prevent further engine damage when an engine fails in flight
 c prevent propeller damage when an engine fails in flight

99 The purpose of fine pitch stop is to

a maintain maximum RPM at takeof
b maintain constant speed in flight
c prevent the propeller moving below flight fine pitch in flight