COLUMN NO.

COLUMN DESIGN RENEW THE LICENCE

C1
b (mm)= 350 Minimum c/c distance Pu, Axial (kN)
Eff. Cover, d' between Longi. Rebars REINF. INPUT
D (mm)= 450 (mm) = (mm)
1816
fck (MPa)= 20 50 50 MAX. BARS ON 'b'
FACE = 5
LOAD COMB 1 2 3 4 5 6
Pu (kN) = 500 1000 1500 1550 1200 1450 1 3 2 3 1
Mux (kN.m) = 155 45 52 60 75 50 20 0 0 0 20

1
0 75 45 45 75 50 16 As (mm2) 16

MAX. BARS ON
Muy (kN.m) =

5
'D' FACE =
0 2060 0

4
MuxL (kN.m) =
16 1.31 % 16

5
MuyL (kN.m) =
20 0 0 0 20

1
Pu/Puz = 0.25 0.49 0.74 0.76 0.59 0.72 1 3 2 3 1
AlphaN = 1.08 1.49 1.90 1.94 1.65 1.86
REINF. POSITION
LHS =
CHECK = REV.REINF REV.REINF REV.REINF REV.REINF REV.REINF REV.REINF
 Pu-Mux : INTERACTION DIAGRAM

2500

2000
Pu (kN)

4; 1550
1500 3; 1500
6; 1450

Pu-Mux
5; 1200

1000 2; 1000

500 1; 500

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Mux (kN.m )
 Pu-Muy : INTERACTION DIAGRAM

2500

2000
Pu (kN)

4; 1550
1500 3; 1500
6; 1450

Pu-Muy
5; 1200

1000 2; 1000

500 1; 500

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Muy (kN.m )
 Pu-Mux INTERACTION TABLE

b(mm)= 350
D(mm)= 450
fck(Mpa)= 20

steel row,no. Asi, mm2 di, mm

RX1 628 50
RX2 401.92 166.666667
RX3 0 225
RX4 401.92 283.333333
RX5 628 400
di= from max. comp. Fibre
k ( xu/D >1) Pu Mu e,max es,1 es,2 es,3 es,4 es,5 fs,1 fs,2 fs,3 fs,4 fs,5 a,1 a,2 a,3 a,4
k>=1 5 2071 2 0.002188 0.002139 0.002025 0.001969 0.001912 0.001799 332.89 328.70 326.60 324.30 317.22 175 58.3 0 -58
2.5 2046 8 0.002414 0.002307 0.002056 0.001931 0.001806 0.001556 339.08 329.83 325.21 317.68 299.65 175 58.3 0 -58
1.5 1947 26 0.002800 0.002593 0.002109 0.001867 0.001625 0.001141 347.50 331.77 321.47 306.20 228.15 175 58.3 0 -58
1.2 1832 46 0.003111 0.002823 0.002151 0.001815 0.001479 0.000807 352.35 333.33 318.24 292.37 161.32 175 58.3 0 -58
1.1 1759 57 0.003277 0.002946 0.002173 0.001787 0.001401 0.000629 353.42 334.16 316.51 280.22 125.77 175 58.3 0 -58
1 1648 75 0.003500 0.003111 0.002204 0.001750 0.001296 0.000389 354.87 335.28 314.19 259.26 77.78 175 58.3 0 -58
k<1 0.9 1469 99 0.003500 0.003068 0.002060 0.001556 0.001051 0.000043 354.49 329.96 299.65 210.29 8.64 175 58.3 0 -58
0.85 1373 110 0.003500 0.003042 0.001975 0.001441 0.000907 -0.000160 354.27 326.83 288.81 181.48 32.03 175 58.3 0 -58
0.8 1273 120 0.003500 0.003014 0.001880 0.001313 0.000745 -0.000389 354.02 322.28 262.50 149.07 77.78 175 58.3 0 -58
0.775 1220 125 0.003500 0.002998 0.001827 0.001242 0.000657 -0.000514 353.88 319.02 248.39 131.30 102.87 175 58.3 0 -58
0.75 1166 130 0.003500 0.002981 0.001772 0.001167 0.000562 -0.000648 353.74 315.54 233.33 112.35 129.63 175 58.3 0 -58
0.7 1051 140 0.003500 0.002944 0.001648 0.001000 0.000352 -0.000944 353.41 307.83 200.00 70.37 188.89 175 58.3 0 -58
0.65 927 150 0.003500 0.002902 0.001506 0.000808 0.000110 -0.001286 353.04 294.92 161.54 21.94 257.26 175 58.3 0 -58
0.6 803 157 0.003500 0.002852 0.001340 0.000583 -0.000173 -0.001685 352.60 267.90 116.67 34.57 310.14 175 58.3 0 -58
0.55 688 159 0.003500 0.002793 0.001143 0.000318 -0.000507 -0.002157 352.09 228.62 63.64 101.35 333.54 175 58.3 0 -58
0.5 569 160 0.003500 0.002722 0.000907 0.000000 -0.000907 -0.002722 350.83 181.48 0.00 181.48 350.83 175 58.3 0 -58
0.45 444 159 0.003500 0.002636 0.000619 -0.000389 -0.001397 -0.003414 348.61 123.87 77.78 279.42 357.52 175 58.3 0 -58
0.375 282 152 0.003500 0.002463 0.000043 -0.001167 -0.002377 -0.004796 344.16 8.64 233.33 341.66 360.90 175 58.3 0 -58
0.3 114 139 0.003500 0.002204 -0.000821 -0.002333 -0.003846 -0.006870 335.28 164.20 340.07 360.90 360.90 175 58.3 0 -58
0.2 -98 115 0.003500 0.001556 -0.002981 -0.005250 -0.007519 -0.012056 299.65 353.74 360.90 360.90 360.90 175 58.3 0 -58
0.1 -452 55 0.003500 -0.000389 -0.009463 -0.014000 -0.018537 -0.027611 77.78 360.90 360.90 360.90 360.90 175 58.3 0 -58
Puz, Axial , code 2028
Pu, Axial , code 1816
 a,5 Pus,1 Pus,2 Pus,3 Pus,4 Pus,5 Pu,s Mu,s (Pu)conc (Mu)conc
-175 209 132 0 130 199 671 2 1401 1
-175 213 133 0 128 188 661 5 1385 3
-175 218 133 0 123 143 618 14 1329 12
-175 221 134 0 118 101 574 22 1258 24
-175 222 134 0 113 79 548 26 1211 31
-175 223 135 0 104 49 511 32 1137 43
-175 223 133 0 85 5 445 41 1023 58
-175 222 131 0 73 -20 407 46 967 64
-175 222 130 0 60 -49 363 52 910 68
-175 222 128 0 53 -65 339 55 881 70
-175 222 127 0 45 -81 313 58 853 72
-175 222 124 0 28 -119 255 65 796 75
-175 222 119 0 9 -162 187 73 739 76
-175 221 108 0 -14 -195 120 80 682 77
-175 221 92 0 -41 -209 63 83 625 76
-175 220 73 0 -73 -220 0 86 569 75
-175 219 50 0 -112 -225 -68 87 512 72
-175 216 3 0 -137 -227 -144 86 426 66
-175 211 -66 0 -145 -227 -227 81 341 58
-175 188 -142 0 -145 -227 -326 73 227 43
-175 -49 -145 0 -145 -227 -566 31 114 23
 Pu-Muy INTERACTION TABLE

D(mm)= 450
b(mm)= 350
fck(Mpa)= 20

steel row,no. Asi, mm2 di, mm

RY1 1029.92 50
RY2 0 133.333333
RY3 0 175
RY4 0 216.666667
RY5 1029.92 300
di= from max. comp. Fibre
k ( xu/D >1) Pu Mu e,max es,1 es,2
k>=1 5 2071 2 0.002188 0.002125 0.002021
2.5 2044 7 0.002414 0.002276 0.002046
1.5 1932 23 0.002800 0.002533 0.002089
1.2 1803 41 0.003111 0.002741 0.002123
1.1 1723 51 0.003277 0.002851 0.002142
1 1605 66 0.003500 0.003000 0.002167
k<1 0.90 1422 86 0.003500 0.002944 0.002019
0.85 1324 96 0.003500 0.002912 0.001931
0.8 1222 105 0.003500 0.002875 0.001833
0.775 1168 110 0.003500 0.002855 0.001780
0.75 1113 114 0.003500 0.002833 0.001722
0.7 997 124 0.003500 0.002786 0.001595
0.65 871 133 0.003500 0.002731 0.001449
0.6 739 143 0.003500 0.002667 0.001278
0.55 647 146 0.003500 0.002591 0.001076
0.5 569 147 0.003500 0.002500 0.000833
0.45 498 146 0.003500 0.002389 0.000537
0.375 399 141 0.003500 0.002167 -0.000056
0.3 298 132 0.003500 0.001833 -0.000944
0.2 62 105 0.003500 0.001000 -0.003167
0.1 -561 27 0.003500 -0.001500 -0.009833
Puz, Axial , code 2028
Pu, Axial , code 1816
 es,3 es,4 es,5 fs,1 fs,2 fs,3 fs,4 fs,5 a,1
0.001969 0.001917 0.001813 332.3725 328.5247 326.6008 324.592 318.0906 125
0.001931 0.001816 0.001586 337.9452 329.4535 325.2076 318.3147 302.5512 125
0.001867 0.001644 0.001200 345.9714 331.0386 321.4713 307.6015 240 125
0.001815 0.001506 0.000889 351.3047 332.3155 318.235 294.969 177.7778 125
0.001787 0.001433 0.000723 352.5968 332.9947 316.5136 286.5248 144.6809 125
0.001750 0.001333 0.000500 353.9 333.9116 314.1897 266.6667 100 125
0.001556 0.001093 0.000167 353.4139 328.4392 299.6474 218.5185 33.33333 125
0.001441 0.000951 -0.000029 353.1279 325.2201 288.8115 190.1961 5.882353 125
0.001313 0.000792 -0.000250 352.8063 319.3908 262.5 158.3333 50 125
0.001242 0.000704 -0.000371 352.6298 316.0353 248.3871 140.8602 74.19355 125
0.001167 0.000611 -0.000500 352.4417 312.456 233.3333 122.2222 100 125
0.001000 0.000405 -0.000786 352.025 303.4068 200 80.95238 157.1429 125
0.000808 0.000167 -0.001115 351.0483 289.5259 161.5385 33.33333 223.0769 125
0.000583 -0.000111 -0.001500 349.3999 255.5556 116.6667 22.22222 294.3842 125
0.000318 -0.000439 -0.001955 347.4519 215.1515 63.63636 87.87879 326.0761 125
0.000000 -0.000833 -0.002500 345.1143 166.6667 0 166.6667 345.1143 125
-0.000389 -0.001315 -0.003167 342.1203 107.4074 77.77778 262.963 355.3583 125
-0.001167 -0.002278 -0.004500 333.9116 11.11111 233.3333 338.016 360.9 125
-0.002333 -0.003722 -0.006500 319.3908 188.8889 340.0681 360.2194 360.9 125
-0.005250 -0.007333 -0.011500 200 355.3583 360.9 360.9 360.9 125
-0.014000 -0.018167 -0.026500 294.3842 360.9 360.9 360.9 360.9 125
 a,2 a,3 a,4 a,5 Pus,1 Pus,2 Pus,3 Pus,4 Pus,5
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 342 0 0 0 328
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 348 0 0 0 312
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 356 0 0 0 247
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 362 0 0 0 183
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 363 0 0 0 149
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 364 0 0 0 103
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 364 0 0 0 34
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 364 0 0 0 -6
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 363 0 0 0 -51
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 363 0 0 0 -76
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 363 0 0 0 -103
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 363 0 0 0 -162
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 362 0 0 0 -230
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 360 0 0 0 -303
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 358 0 0 0 -336
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 355 0 0 0 -355
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 352 0 0 0 -366
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 344 0 0 0 -372
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 329 0 0 0 -372
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 206 0 0 0 -372
41.66667 0 -41.66667 -125 -303 0 0 0 -372
Pu,s Mu,s (Pu)conc (Mu)conc
670 2 1401 1
660 5 1385 3
604 14 1329 10
545 22 1258 18
512 27 1211 24
467 33 1137 33
398 41 1023 45
358 46 967 50
312 52 910 53
287 55 881 55
260 58 853 56
201 66 796 58
132 74 739 59
57 83 682 60
22 87 625 59
0 89 569 58
-14 90 512 56
-28 89 426 51
-43 88 341 45
-166 72 227 33
-675 9 114 18
 COLUMN DESIGN
b(mm)= 500 MuxL D(mm)= 500 Muyl column no.
D(mm)= 500 cover b(mm)= 500 SAMPLE
fck(Mpa)= 25 55 fck(Mpa)= 25 PROBLEM 1
row,no. Asi, mm2 di, mm row,no. Asi, mm2 di, mm
RX1 1923 55.0 RY1 2453 55.0 25 20 20 20
RX2 981 152.5 RY2 628 152.5 25
6790
RX3 981 250.0 RY3 628 250.0 25
RX4 981 347.5 RY4 628 347.5 25 2.72 %
RX5 1923 445.0 RY5 2453 445.0 25 20 20 20
Asc / % 6790 2.72 Asc / % 6790 2.72
di= from max. comp. Fibre di= from max. comp. Fibre
k ( xu/D >1) Pu Mu k ( xu/D >1) Pu Mu
5.00 4990 8 k>=1 5.00 4989 9
2.50 4928 24 2.50 4924 27
1.50 4677 76 1.50 4646 87
1.20 4385 131 1.20 4332 148
1.10 4206 164 1.10 4142 184
1.00 3942 211 1.00 3863 236
0.900 3511 275 k<1 0.900 3421 304
0.850 3275 306 0.850 3179 338
0.800 3010 336 0.800 2913 373
0.775 2870 352 0.775 2772 390
0.750 2725 367 0.750 2626 408
0.725 2574 383 0.725 2474 426
0.700 2416 399 0.700 2314 445
0.675 2250 416 0.675 2148 464
0.650 2074 433 0.650 1971 484
0.625 1897 449 0.625 1795 502
0.600 1747 459 0.600 1657 513
0.575 1599 466 0.575 1524 521
0.550 1452 472 0.550 1398 526
0.500 1128 480 0.500 1128 534
0.300 -71 422 0.300 168 482
Puz, Axial , code 4825 Puz, Axial , code 4825
Pu, Axial , code 4320 Pu, Axial , code 4320
LOAD COMB 1 2 3 4 5 6
Pu 3500 3500 4000 4000 4320 4320
Mux 275 0 200 0 143 0
Muy 0 292 0 210 0 150
Muxl : Col. D 276.21 276.21 200.99 200.99 143.18 143.18
Muyl : Col. I 292.11 292.11 210.30 210.30 150.78 150.78
Pu/Puz 0.73 0.73 0.83 0.83 0.91 0.91 Pu, Axial
AlphaN 1.88 1.88 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 4320
LHS 0.99 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.99 1.00

COLUMN DESIGN
b(mm)= 500 MuxL D(mm)= 500 Muyl column no.
D(mm)= 500 cover b(mm)= 500 SAMPLE
fck(Mpa)= 25 55 fck(Mpa)= 25 PROBLEM 2
row,no. Asi, mm2 di, mm row,no. Asi, mm2 di, mm
1 1923 55.0 1 2453 55.0 25 20 20 20
2 981 152.5 2 628 152.5 25
6790
3 981 250.0 3 628 250.0 25
4 981 347.5 4 628 347.5 25 2.72 %
5 1923 445.0 5 2453 445.0 25 20 20 20
Asc / % 6790 2.72 Asc / % 6790 2.72
di= from max. comp. Fibre di= from max. comp. Fibre
k ( xu/D >1) Pu Mu k ( xu/D >1) Pu Mu
5.00 4990 8 k>=1 5.00 4989 9
2.50 4928 24 2.50 4924 27
1.50 4677 76 1.50 4646 87
1.20 4385 131 1.20 4332 148
1.10 4206 164 1.10 4142 184
1.00 3942 211 1.00 3863 236
0.900 3511 275 k<1 0.900 3421 304
0.850 3275 306 0.850 3179 338
0.800 3010 336 0.800 2913 373
0.775 2870 352 0.775 2772 390
0.750 2725 367 0.750 2626 408
0.725 2574 383 0.725 2474 426
0.700 2416 399 0.700 2314 445
0.675 2250 416 0.675 2148 464
0.650 2074 433 0.650 1971 484
0.625 1897 449 0.625 1795 502
0.600 1747 459 0.600 1657 513
0.575 1599 466 0.575 1524 521
0.550 1452 472 0.550 1398 526
0.500 1128 480 0.500 1128 534
0.300 -71 422 0.300 168 482
Puz, Axial , code 4825 Puz, Axial , code 4825
Pu, Axial , code 4320 Pu, Axial , code 4320
LOAD COMB 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Pu 3500 3500 4000 4000 4320 4320
Mux 246 196 180 145 129 104
Muy 123 196 90 145 65 104
Muxl : Col. D 276.21 276.21 200.99 200.99 143.18 143.18
Muyl : Col. I 292.11 292.11 210.30 210.30 150.78 150.78

Pu/Puz 0.73 0.73 0.83 0.83 0.90 0.90 Pu, Axial

AlphaN 1.88 1.88 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 4320
LHS 1.00 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00
column no.
SAMPLE
ROBLEM 1

25
25
25
25
25
 Pu, Axial
4320

column no.
SAMPLE
ROBLEM 2

25
25
25
25
25
Pu, Axial
4320
1. GENERAL :
The design of rectangular RCC column for axial load and uniaxial bending is carried out using Pu-Mu
Interaction Diagrams using SP 16. For axial compression and biaxial bending the procedure is to use the above
mentioned Interaction diagrams to calculate limiting uniaxial bending moment( Muxl and Muyl) about each
axes separately for given Pu and to satisfy inequality equation of IS-456 i.e. (Mux /

Muxl) + (Muy / Muyl) < 1.
2. Design of Columns using 'SP 16' :

In SP 16, Pu-Mu interaction charts are presented for steel grade Fe 250, Fe 415 and Fe500 for
d/D = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 . The reinforcement arrangement is idealized as :
1. Reinforcement on two opposite faces : Chart No. 27 to 38
2. Reinforcement on all four faces equally distributed : Chart No. 39 to 50.
Limitations of 'SP 16' :
1. The charts for case 1 can be used for uniaxial bending only. However small bending Moment in the
other direction may be, There is no way to design a column for Biaxial Bending for this arrangement of
reinforcement.

2. When the charts are used for Mux (BM @ Major axis) for case 1, the reinforcement will be on the
smaller (width- b) faces. These charts do not accommodate reinf. to be provided on larger (Depth-D)
faces from detailing aspects. If a Column with D = 900mm, minimum four bars are required on each
D-face, the charts can not account for these internal bars which may be of smaller diameter.

3. It is evident that larger diameter bars on the highly stressed face makes efficient use of
reinforcement, even larger diameter bars in corner are used with advantage for biaxial bending, it can
not be accommodated by use of SP16.
4. There would be confusion in arranging the reinforcement as equally distributed for rectangular
section with large D/b ratio.

5. When the analysis and design is carried out using professional software, the intricacy of Column
design is such that a designer would be confident only if he checks the design by his own design tools
for different cases. The column design is carried for various load combinations at junction with beam
at top and bottom and at @ mid height section. More over most of the software normally use the
internal forces at the nodes instead of the beam face.

An effort is made to develop a spreadsheet for design of RCC columns to over come the above
mentioned limitations.
3. COLUMN DESIGN SPREADSHEET:

The formulation adopted is for Limit State of Collapse as per IS 456. The Pu-Mu has been calculated
considering concrete as well as each individual reinforcement bar separately.
Concrete Grade M20, Steel Grade Fe 415 is considered.
The column cross section accommodates up to maximum three internal equally spaced reinforcement
bars on each face apart from the four corner bars. No. of bars on opposite faces are same, i.e. on any
face no. of bars would be 2 to 5. At a time six load combinations are included but process can be
repeated for any numbers in the same sheet.

Pu, Mux and Muy input values are Positive only.

4. DESIGN PROCESS :
Give Input Data in white space, with red font. The last row will indicate whether the reinf. provided is
adequate or otherwise modify grade of concrete or increase reinforcement.
In case percentage of steel < 0.8 % and > 4 %, the user will be warranted to REVISE REINF.

5. WORKSHEETS IN THIS BOOK:

* The Worksheet 'Mux' shows data, steps and output calculation points for Interaction diagram Pu-
Mux diagram which is interpolated for Muxl.
* The Worksheet 'Muy' shows data, steps and output calculation points for Interaction diagram Pu-
Muy diagram which is interpolated for Muyl.
* The worksheet 'Sample Problem' shows the design output for understanding the problem.
6. DISCLAIMER
* TO BE USED BY QUALIFIED STRUCTURAL ENGINEER FOR DESIGN AS PER OF IS - 456. CHECK BEFORE USE.

* NO LIABILITY OF DEVELOPER OF ANY TYPE UNTILL A LICENCE AGREEMENT IS SIGNED BETWEEN USER AND
DEVELOPER, AND THAT THE USER IS FORMALLY TRAINED FOR USE OF THIS SPREAD SHEET, INCL. ITS ADVANTAGES
AND ITS LIMITATIONS.

K. N. Sheth, Civil Engg. Dept., D.D. University, Nadiad - 387001

Email : knsheth123@gmail.com , kn_sheth@yahoo.com