ESc201 : Introduction to Electronics

Frequency Domain Response Contd..

Shilpi Gupta
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
IIT Kanpur

Feb 2, 2017
1
Recap: Frequency domain analysis

Transfer function is a useful tool for finding the frequency

response of a system

Phasor (V or I) Phasor (V or I)

Transfer function has a magnitude and a phase

2
Recap: How to determine the transfer function?

3
Recap: Plot Magnitude

4
 HdB
3dB 0
10 3dB -20 -20 dB per decade
100 3dB -40

5
3dB point 1
3 dB
RC
10
corner frequency or half
HdB power frequency
0 HdB
3dB 0
-10 10 3dB -20
100 3dB -40
-20

-30

-40 1 2 3 4 5
10 10 10 10 (rad/s) 10
6
Example

HdB

20

-20dB/decade

7
-20dB/decade

8
9
 -20dB/decade

-40dB/decade

10
Adding more RC stages, makes the characteristics sharper

11
Sketching of Transfer function:
Bode Magnitude Plot

20Log10 ( H ( ) ) 20 20 Log10 (1 ( 3 ) 2 ) 20 Log10 (1 ( 4 ) 2 )

10 10

20
-20dB/decade

-20dB/decade
-20dB/decade
-40dB/decade
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Sketching of Transfer function
Bode Magnitude Plot

20
-20dB/decade

-20dB/decade
-20dB/decade
-40dB/decade

-60dB/decade
13
Bode Magnitude Plot

20N dB/decade

14
Determine transfer function?

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 Bode Magnitude Plot

20 dB/decade

3dB

-20 dB/decade

High Pass Filter

16
High Pass Filter 17
Bode Plot segments

20t dB/decade

20n dB/decade -20m dB/decade

-20r dB/decade

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Example:

20 dB/decade +6 dB

-20 dB/decade -20 dB/decade

-34
-20dB/decade

19
Assignment-4 uploaded on course website.

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 Experiment 4

RLC Circuit and Maximum Power Transfer

(Feb 6-10, 2017)

 Useful Concepts
Maximum Power Transfer for sinusoidal input
Maximum power is transferred to the load when load is complex
conjugate of source impedance

Maximum Power Transfer for sinusoidal input when load is

Resistive
 Useful Concepts
Resonance
Resonance is a condition in which capacitive and inductive
reactance cancel each other to give rise to a purely resistive
circuit

Series Resonant Circuit

1 1
Resonant frequency: j OL j 0 O
OC LC

Zeq R
 Useful Concepts

Current and voltage are in phase (power factor is unity) and

current is maximum at resonance !
Quality (Q) factor: Sharpness of resonance

1
L I m2 L
Q 2 2 O
1 2 R
I m R TO
2 25
 Resonance frequency and Q factor of RLC circuit

C Rp

Vs
CH1 from FG CH2

Find (experimentally and theoretically):

Bring a semi log-paper for plotting 1. Resonance frequency
2. Q factor
3. Rp for maximum power transfer to load
 Maximum Power Transfer: RL circuit

Rp

Vs
CH1 from CH2
FG

Keep FG frequency at the resonance value determined for RLC circuit

Find (experimentally and theoretically): Rp for maximum power transfer to load

 Maximum Power Transfer: R circuit

Rp

Vs CH2
CH1 from FG

Keep FG frequency at the resonance value determined for RLC circuit

Find (experimentally and theoretically): Rp for maximum power transfer to load

Enjoy!

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