12/22/2016 CEMENTSANDANDAGGREGATEFORNOMINALMIXCONCRETEGRADESCIVILRnDCIVILRnD

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CEMENTSANDANDAGGREGATEFORNOMINALMIXCONCRETEGRADES
PostedonOctober22,2016byPrakashKumarSekar

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Followingisasimplemethodtocalculatecement,sandandaggregatefornominalmixconcreteotherwiseknown
asprescribedconcretemix.

NominalmixconcretevsDesignmixconcrete
Nominalmixconcreteispreparedbyapproximateproportioningofcementsandandaggregatetoobtaintarget
compressive strength. Concrete grade up to M20 can be mixed using nominal mix method for ordinary
constructionpurposes.Designmixconcreteispreparedbyproportioningmaterialsbasedoncodalprocedure(in
indiaitisIS456&IS10262).

Understandingconcretemixratio
Basedonstrength,concreteisclassifiedintodifferentgradeslikeM5,M7.5,M10,M15etc.,MstandsforMixand
thenumberstandsforcharacteristiccompressivestrength(fck)oftheconcretein28daysindirectcompression
test.IftheratioforM20concreteis1:1.5:3then1partcement,1.5partsandand3partaggregate(crushedstone)
involumeisbatchedformixing.

GRADE MIXRATIO

M5 1:5:10

M7.5 1:4:8

M10 1:3:6

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M15 1:2:4
M20 1:1.5:3

NominalconcretemixdesignforonecubicmeterofM20concrete

Ittakes1.52cubicmetreoftotalmaterialtoprepareonecubicmeterofconcrete,becausecementandsandfills
thegapsbetweenaggregate(coarseaggregate).

LetsdesignM20gradeconcrete.RatioforM20concreteis1:1.5:3

Volumeofcement =(cement/(cement+sand+aggregate))xtotalmaterial

=(1/(1+1.5+3))x1.52

=0.277cu.m

Volumeofsand =(sand/(cement+sand+aggregate))xtotalmaterial

=(1.5/(1+1.5+3))x1.52

=0.415cu.m

Volumeofaggregate =(aggregate/(cement+Sand+aggregate))xtotalmaterial

=(1/(1+1.5+3))x1.5

=0.830cu.m

CorrectionandConversionforpracticalpurposes

1.Cementisoftenboughtin50kgbags.Volumeofacementbagis0.0347cum.

No.ofCementBagsneeded =0.277/0.0347

=7.98(approximately8bags~400kg)

Hencewerequire7.98bagsofcementtoprepareonecubicmeterofM20concrete.

2.Involumebatching,presenceofmoistureinsandwillincreasethevolumeofsand(bulkingofsand)hencewe
mayendupwithlesssandthancalculated.Hencealwaysusedrysandorincludetheeffectofbulkingofsandin
calculation.

3.Conversionofsandandaggregatetounitsmaybenecessarybecausesandandaggregateisoftenboughtin
units.1unit=100cubicfeet,1cubicmeteris35.32cubicfeet.

VolumeofSand =Volumeofsandx35.32

=0.415x35.32

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=14.66cftor0.1466unitofsand

Henceweneed14.66cubicfeetor.1466unitofsandtoprepareonecubicmeterofM20grade

Volumeofaggregate =Volumeofaggregatex35.32

=0.830x35.32

=29.32cft=0.2932unitofaggregate

Henceweneed29.32cubicfeetor.2932unitofaggregatettoprepareonecubicmeterofM20gradeconcrete

QUANTITY CEMENT SAND AGGREGATE

1cu.mofM20 0.277cu.m 0.415cu.m 0.830cu.m

1cu.mofM20 7.98Bags 14.66cft 29.32cft

1cu.mofM20 7.98Bags 0.1466unit 0.2932unit

10cu.mofM20 79.8Bags 1.466unit 2.932unit

Amountofwaterneededformixingconcrete
Water/Cementratioisaratioofweightofwatertocement.W/Cratiochangesbasedonthedesiredworkability.

Quantityofwaterper50kgofcementinlitres.(IS456)

GRADE WATER(L)

M5 60

M7.5 45

M10 34

M15 32

M20 30

Calculationofsandandaggregateperbagofcement
IS456Codebookrecommendsthefollowingquantitiesoftotalaggregateper50kgofcementtoproducenominal
mixconcrete.

GRADE TOTAL(F.A+C.A)

M5 800kg

M7.5 625kg

M10 480kg
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M15 330kg

M20 250kg

Note:Generalratiooffineaggregatetocoarseaggregateis1:2.Ratiocanbeadjustedbetween1:1.5to1:2.5based
onthegradingoffineaggregateandsizeofcoarseaggregate.Choosewaterfromabovetable.

ForM20GradeConcrete

SandisconfirmedtoZoneII(averagegrading).Fromtheabovetableweknow250kgoftotaldryaggregateis
needed.

Sandper50kgbag =(1/(1+2))x250kg

=83kg~85kg

Aggregateper50kgbag =(2/(1+2))x250kg

=166kg~165kg

Note:Alwaysusedryriversandbecausemoistureinsandmayincreaseitsweight,messupthewatercementand
causesbulkingofsand.

CEMENT SAND AGGREGATE

perbag(50kg) 85kg 165kg

WeighbatchingcementsandaggregateforM20Concrete
Thoughweighbatchingisaaccuratewaytocalculatematerialsrequiredforconcrete,itisonlyfollowedin
importantconcreteworksandinmixingplants.Proportioningofmaterialsforweighbatchingshouldbedone
throughdesignmixprocedure.

1.Bulkdensityofcementisapproximately1440kg/m3
2.Therearedifferntvarietieswhenitcomestosandlikeriversand,manufacturesand,drysand,wetsand,
coarsesand,finesandetc..,bulkdensityofsandvariesfrom1500kg/m3to1800kg/m3.Letsassumethebulk
densityofsandtobe1600kg/m3.
3.Bulkdensityofcoarseaggregatevariesfrom1600kg/m3to1800kg/m3.Letsassumebulkdensityofaggregate
tobe1600kg/m3.

WeightofCement =Volumeofcementx1440

=0.277x1440

=398kgofcement~7.96bags

Weightofsand =Volumeofsandx1600

=.415x1600

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=664kgofsand

Weightofaggregate =Volumeofaggregatex1600

=.830x1600

=1328kgofaggregate

QUANTITY CEMENT SAND AGGREGATE

1cu.mofM20 398kg 664kg 1328kg

Ifyoulookcloselyyouwillnoticethatabovethreemethods,volumebatching,weightbatching
byIS456andapproximateweighbatchingbyassumedbulkdensity,givesthesameanswerif
youapplytheproperconversionbetweenthem.

References

1.IS10262(2009):Guidelinesforconcretemixdesignproportioning
2.IS4562000PlainandReinforcedConcrete

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AboutPrakashKumarSekar
IamapostgraduateinStructuralEngineering.Icreatedthiswebsitetospreadtheknowledgeaboutcivilengineering.Ifyouhave
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6ResponsestoCEMENTSANDANDAGGREGATEFORNOMINALMIXCONCRETEGRADES

NiravPatelsays:
September9,2015at6:38PM

howcanicalculatesandandaggregatepercuminkilogram
Reply

vajidalisays:
September10,2015at2:39AM

Howcanweightcalaculatesandandaggregatepercum
Reply

PrakashKumarSekarsays:
September10,2015at3:45PM

SincemanyreadersareaskingthesamequestionIhaveupdatedthearticle.

http://civilrnd.com/calculatecementsandandaggregatefornominalmixconcrete/ 5/6
12/22/2016 CEMENTSANDANDAGGREGATEFORNOMINALMIXCONCRETEGRADESCIVILRnDCIVILRnD

Thoughweighbatchingisaaccuratewaytocalculatematerialsrequiredforconcrete,itisonlyfollowedin
importantconcreteworksandinmixingplants.Proportioningofmaterialsforweighbatchingshouldbe
donethroughdesignmixprocedure.HoweverIS456providesaneasywaytomeasuresandandaggregateby
weightperbagofcement.Readthearticleagain.
Reply

Anonymoussays:
December17,2016at1:00PM

thanxprakashsirforyourhelptostudentslikeus
Reply

PrakashKumarSekarsays:
December17,2016at2:27PM

Iamgladyoufindthisarticlehelpful.
Reply

RushikeshSangalesays:
December17,2016at7:21PM

HowtheTOTALMATERIALiscalculated
Reply

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