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Introduction
Motivation:
The objective of this experiment is to determine the mass of iron in an iron tablet ( 1). On
the bottle, it states the amount of iron in milligrams (mg) in each tablet. After doing the
experiment, the amount on the bottle will be compared to the measured amount, and the
percent error (the accuracy) will be calculated. The second portion of the experiment will be to
determine the concentration of iron in an unknown sample, Sample A. A spectrophotometer will
be used to measure the absorbance for the tablet and Sample A, and these will be compared
with the absorbance of known concentrations.
Background:
3+ 2+
The iron in the tablet and in Sample A are in Fe
state. To reduce it to Fe
Ascorbic
acid C6 H 6 O6 is added (2). Phenanthroline is added to allow the spectrometer to get a reading
and compare the intensity of the colour against the known solutions ( 3). This reaction can be
summed up by the following formula:
+
2++C 6 H 6 O 6 +2 H 3+ 2+
3++C 6 H 8 O 6 2 Fe ~ changing Fe to Fe
2 Fe
3+
Fe ( phen )3
2++3 phen ~ phenanthroline is used to display colour for the spectrophotometer.
2 Fe
1
Context:
By using the formulas given above in the Background and tested by the
spectrophotometer, the light intensity will be calculated by spectrophotometer. This will produce
the absorbance of the solutions and unknown solutions. After the known absorbances are
compared and graphed, the formula from the graph will be used to determine the molarity of the
unknown solutions. With the molarity and absorbance, we can find the mass. This is done using
colorimetry and spectroscopy.
Volume pipet
Consentration Stock x
Volume volumetric
mol
Solution 1: 0.00
L
mol
Solution 2: 5.10 x 106
L
5 mol
Solution 4: 2.55 x 10
L
5 mol
Solution 5: 5.10 x 10
L
2. Calibration Curve
See appendix.
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3. Iron (II) Tablet Concentration
y = 11690x + 0.0005 y tablet = 0.312
Consentrationtablet = x
5
x=2.66 x 10 M
Consentrationunknown= x
x=2.91 x 105 M
g 55.85 g
Mass=mols x =m g ~ Mass=0.000 665 mol x 1 mol =37.14 m g
mol
6. Percent Error
Calculated Result Accepted Result
%Error= x 100
Accepted Result
3
37.1435.00
= x 100 =6.11
35.00
Mass of Iron
3 3 1.53 x 10
5 0.183
Conclusion
The purpose of this lab was to find the mg of iron, Fe (2+) in a tablet and in an unknown solution
(Sample A). By making solutions with known concentrations and testing them in a
spectrophotometer, I derived a formula. By using the formula and measuring the absorbance in
Sample A and the tablet, I determined the concentration. Using a formula for molarity to mass
(Section 5 above), I determined the mass of iron in the tablet. The bottle stated that each tablet
contains 35 mg of iron. The mass of iron in the tablet was 37.14 mg. The measured
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concentration of the tablet was 2.66 x 10 M and the concentration of Sample A was
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2.91 x 10 M. The measured mass was within reason, with an error of 6.11%.
References
(1) VIU Chemisty Department. Lab H: Spectrophotometer Determination of Iron in an Iron Tablet,
Fall 2016 ed; Nanaimo, British Colombia, 2016.
(2) Scanlon, C; Gebeyehu, Z; Griffin, K; Dabke, R. B. Volumetric Titrations Using Electrolytically
Generated Reagents for the Determination of Ascorbic Acid and Iron in Dietary Supplement
Tablets: An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment. Journal of Chemical Education. 2014,
Volume: 91, Issue: 6, Pages: 898-901
(3) Dabke, R. B; Gebeyehu, Z; Thor, R. Coulometric Analysis Experiment for the Undergraduate
Chemistry Laboratory. J. Journal of Chemical Education. 2011,
Volume: 88, Issue: 12, Pages: 1707-1710.
(4) Arnold, R. J; Arndt, B; Blaser, E; Blosser, C; Carlton, D; Sog Chung, W; Fiorenza, G; Heath, W;
Jacobs, A; Kahng, Koh, E; Le, T; Mandla, K; Mccory, C; Newman, L; Pithadia, A; Reckelhoff, A;
Rheinhardt, J; Skljarevski, S; Stuart, J; Taylor, C; Thomas, S; Tse, K; Wall, R; Warkentien, C.
Overcoming Matrix Effects in a Complex Sample: Analysis of Multiple Elements in
Multivitamins by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Journal of Chemical Education 2011,
Volume: 88, Issue: 4, Pages: 484-487.
(5) Physical Constants of Organic Compounds. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics.
97th ed.; [Online]; Haynes, W. M., Ed.; CRC Press: Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL, 2016;
http://www.hbcponline.com (accessed November 26, 2016)
Appendix
For the reference pages 2, 3, 4 they will be stapled and marked to this report.
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