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AbstractIndoor air pollution is a global health concern, released from the stove causes health impacts especially on
causing health hazards to people who are exposed to the women and children who are in close proximity with the stove
pollutants which are released by burning biomass. In rural areas [1,5]. Health impacts such as low birth weight for new born
most people use traditional biomass cook-stoves which release babies have proven to be global health concern affected by
carbon-mono-oxide and other poisonous pollutants into the air as
indoor air pollution [6,8]. The aim of the study is to design the
a result of incomplete combustion of solid fuels. Accurately
determining the usage of stove is important in assessing the temperature data-logger to monitor the thermal energy
exposure to pollutants. The temperature data-logger system liberated from biomass cook-stove. The typical biomass cook-
embedded in the cook-stoves is one of the recent methods used to stove generally called as Chula (Fig. 1).
monitor the usage of cook-stoves. This method of monitoring the
usage of cook-stoves can be used as an alternative to survey
methods and questionnaires which rely mainly on householders
memory, and are subjected to bias. The data-logger mainly
measures the temperature of the cook-stove changes over a
period of time, and also the duration of the usage of stove, which
are then stored in the memory of the data logger. As a result, the
temperature profile of the cook-stove can be determined. The
data can be retrieved at any point of time and at any location
from the temperature data-logger through global system for
mobile (GSM) technology. This information can be used for the
analysis of the stove utilization patterns by the householders. The
major advantage of the proposed data-logger seems to be a
precise and unbiased method of assessing the stove usage, and
also it provides statistically reliable information with smaller
sample sizes than surveys. Fig. 1. Biomass cook-stove (Chula).
Index Terms Biomass, temperature data-logger, cook-stove, II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
wireless communication.
The proposed temperature data-logger system shown in
I. INTRODUCTION Fig. 2 gives precise measurement of stove usage hence it can
be used to replace the survey methods and questionnaires
Indoor air pollution is a global health concern, causing
which rely mainly on householders memory, and are subjected
health hazards to people who are exposed to the pollutants
to bias. The GSM technique plays a key role for transmitting
which are released by burning biomass. In rural areas most
and receiving the information from temperature data-logger
people use traditional biomass cook-stoves which release
built-in the stove. The main advantage of this concept is the
carbon-mono-oxide and other poisonous pollutants into the air
real time direct measurement of the temperature profile of the
as a result of incomplete combustion of solid fuels. Accurately
stove through GSM technology. This brings an improvement in
determining the usage of stove is important in assessing the
temperature management over traditional stoves [10]. GSM
exposure to pollutants [1,9]. The main objective of the paper is
module uses SIM 300 modem to transmit and receive the data.
to develop a thermal energy monitoring device which monitors
AT commands are used to control the modem. Here, the
the temperature and the duration of cooking profile. The
temperature is monitored directly which is simultaneously
proposed paper shows a prototype which monitors the
displayed in the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and can be sent
temperature and also transmits these datas wirelessly using
as a message by GSM technique. As monitoring the
Global System for Mobile (GSM) modem. Most of the rural
temperature profile of the cook-stove is the main objective, the
people use traditional stove for cooking purpose. The
temperature which is continuously monitored by using
pollutants released from the stove and also the thermal energy
temperature sensor LM35 is sent through SMS for every 5
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International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 10, Number 10 (2015)
Research India Publications ::: http://www.ripublication.com
minutes to a particular mobile as an indication of stove usage is dumped into it. GSM technology plays a key role in wireless
by the householders. This operation is processed by PIC transmission. The datas transmitted is displayed as a database
microcontroller in which the program written in Embedded C using Visual Basic (VB) software.
Fig. 2. Block diagram of the proposed temperature data-logger for biomass cook-stove.
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International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 10, Number 10 (2015)
Research India Publications ::: http://www.ripublication.com
mobile device [2]. SIM300 provide RF antenna interface with prototype and schematic diagram of the temperature data-
two alternatives: antenna connector and antenna pad. The logger for the biomass cook-stove are shown in Fig. 4 and Fig.
antenna connector is MURATA MM9329-2700. Customers 5.
antenna can be soldered to the antenna pad. The SIM300 is
designed with power saving technique, the current
consumption to as low as 2.5mA in SLEEP mode [3]. The
SIM300 is integrated with the TCP/IP protocol, Extended
TCP/IP AT commands are developed for customers to use the
TCP/IP protocol easily, which is very useful for those data
transfer applications.SIM 300 provides physical interface like
a keypad, SPI LCD interface and two serial ports.
B. Software used
MPLAB IDE Program: The program is written in
Embedded C in MPLAB IDE.MPLAB. Integrated
development environment (IDE) is an integrated toolset for
the development of embedded application employing
Microchips PIC microcontroller [1]. MPLAB IDE is a very Fig. 4. Proposed prototype of the temperature data-logger for the biomass
powerful software development tool for Microchip products cook-stove.
(microcontrollers). It consists of tools like text editor, cross-
assembler, cross-compiler and simulator. Hitech C cross
compiler is meant for Microchip. The compiler tool is used to
convert C Language to HEX File. The HEX file is dumped
into the PIC microcontroller using pic kit2.The version of
MPLAB IDE Tools used isV8.70.
The software performs the following operations in an
infinite loop:
Initiate analogue-to-digital conversion and obtain the
result
Calculate the equivalent voltage value from the ADC
result
Calculate the temperature in degree Celsius from the
voltage value
Display the temperature on the LCD Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of the temperature data-logger for the biomass
cook-stove.
The Hi-tech C cross-compiler provides floating-point
library support that is required for doing the above III. RESULT
calculations. The data-logger monitoring setup gives precise and
AT Commands: AT stands for attention unbiased measurements of stove usage. It also facilitates the
establishment of live database of cook stove usage using VB
AT+CSMS - Select short message service
software. The system can be controlled and monitored via SMS
AT+CMGF - Set short message service mode (1 for text from anywhere that covered by GSM service. In our project we
Mode, 0 for PDU mode) have just proposed the prototype for monitoring thermal energy
AT+CMGS - Sent short message from traditional stove. This technology promises to be of great
AT+CSCA - Short message service number use to groups interested in the standardization of methods to
The LM35 and the PT-100 temperature sensor are quantify carbon emission reductions and other changes due to
connected to (RA3) and (RA1) port of the PIC microcontroller improved stoves, for evaluating dissemination strategies and
respectively. The output from the sensor is obtained from the for behavioral research. The temperature sensor (LM35 and
microcontroller. The internal Analog to Digital convertor PT-100) is connected to PIC microcontroller and varying
(ADC) inside the microcontroller converts the voltage value temperatures of the stove is sent to GSM modem this is
into temperature in degree Celsius scale. The GSM modem and simultaneously displayed in LCD and also send as message.
LCD are connected to microcontroller. The LCD is connected The temperature database received from the proposed data-
to the Port D of the microcontroller. The temperature can be logger system shows the periodic temperature readings of the
monitored directly which is simultaneously displayed in the biomass cook-stove transmitted by the GSM modem (Fig. 6).
LCD and message is sent to the mobile by using GSM
technique. The VB software in the front end provides the GUI
interface for displaying the sensed temperature. The proposed
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International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 10, Number 10 (2015)
Research India Publications ::: http://www.ripublication.com
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International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 10, Number 10 (2015)
Research India Publications ::: http://www.ripublication.com
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