SCENARIO

CASE:
A student had a motorcycle accident with a bruise in the 4th left intercostals
space, just lateral to the sternum. Her mother consult the physician because
she thought that something bad may be happened with his heart.

LEARNING TASK :
1. What structures may have been injured?

2. Describe the location and functions of the heart.

3. What are the important contents of mediastinum?

4. Identify the major external features of the heart.

Pericardium = double walled serous membrane covering heart.
Superficial = fibrous pericardium
Deep-layer= parietal layer and visceral layer
Ada cavum pericardium diantara superficial and deep-layer.
3 lapis jantung, epicardium (serous pericardium), myocardium (bulk
of the heart) dan endocardium (endothelial layer).
Major vessels :
o Superior venae cavae
o Inferior venae cavae
o Right and left pulmonary veins (4)
o Pulmonary trunk (left and right pulmonary artery)
o Ascending aorta (brachiocepalic, left common carotid artery and
subclavian artery)
o Sinus coronaria
o Artery coronaria (
Heart has an apex, base and 3 surface ( ) and 4 borders.

5. Comprehend the features of the chambers of the heart.

6. Discuss the surface anatomy of the heart and the great vessels and its
clinical
implications.
7. Compare the pulmonary and systemic circulation.
8. Identify the auscultatory point of mitral, aortic, pulmonal, and tricuspid
valves.
9. Identify the intercostals space and important lines according to the heart
lining.

SELF ASSESSEMENT:
1. Identify the structures that build the arterial system and how the
oxygenated blood flows
through the body?
2. Identify on heart specimens: the four chambers of the heart; the
atrioventricular,
pulmonary, and aortic valves; papillary muscles and tendinous cords. Discuss
their
functions.
3. Identify and list all the openings in and out of each cardiac chamber.
4. Named the three layers of the hearts wall from deep to superficial.
5. Describe the structures, locations and functions of the skeleton of the
heart.
6. The heart has an apex, base, surfaces and borders, identify the structures
that formed
each of them.
7. Describe how the percussion of the heart performed.
8. Identify the atrioventricular and interventricular grooves and list the
structures lie in them.
9. The surface anatomy of heart: identify in your friend chest the important
lines:
midclavicular line, midsternal line, sternal line, parasternal line, axillary line,
sternal
angle, jugular notch (incisura jugularis), and intercostals space. Feel and
locate the apex
beat of the heart.