Bloody Sunday (Irish: Domhnach na Fola) was a day of violence in Dublin on 21 November 1920, during

theIrish War of Independence. In total, 31 people were killed, including eleven British soldiers and police,
sixteen Irish civilians, and three Irish republicanprisoners.

The day began with an Irish Republican Army (IRA) operation, organised by Michael Collins, to assassinate
the 'Cairo Gang' a team of undercover British intelligence agents working and living in Dublin. IRA
members went to a number of addresses and shot dead fourteen people: nine British Army officers, aRoyal
Irish Constabulary (RIC) officer, two members of the Auxiliary Division, two civilians, and one man (Leonard
Wilde) whose exact status is uncertain.[1]

Later that afternoon, members of the Auxiliary Divisionand RIC opened fire on the crowd at a Gaelic
football match in Croke Park, killing fourteen civilians and wounding at least sixty. [2] That evening, three IRA
suspects being held in Dublin Castle were beaten and killed by their captors, who claimed they were trying
to escape.

Overall, while its events cost relatively few lives, Bloody Sunday was considered a great victory for the IRA,
as Collins's operation severely damaged British intelligence, while the later reprisals did no real damage to
the guerrillas but increased support for the IRA at home and abroad. [3

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incident on 30 January 1972 in the Bogside area of Derry,County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. British
soldiers shot 26 unarmed civilians during a peaceful protest march against internment.

Fourteen people died: thirteen were killed outright, while the death of another man four months later was
attributed to his injuries. Many of the victims were shot while fleeing from the soldiers and some were shot
while trying to help the wounded.

Following a 12-year inquiry, Saville's report was made public in 2010 and concluded that the killings were
both "unjustified" and "unjustifiable". It found that all of those shot were unarmed, that none were posing a
serious threat, that no bombs were thrown, and that soldiers "knowingly put forward false accounts" to
justify their firing.[9][10] On the publication of the report, British prime minister David Cameron made a formal
apology on behalf of the United Kingdom.[11] Following this, police began a murder investigation into the
killings.

Bloody Sunday was one of the most significant events of "the Troubles" because a large number of civilian
citizens were killed, by forces of the state, in full view of the public and the press. [1] It was the highest number
of people killed in a single shooting incident during the conflict. [12] Bloody Sunday
increased Catholic and Irish nationalist hostility towards the British Army and exacerbated the conflict.
Support for the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) rose and there was a surge of recruitment into the
organisation, especially locally.[13]

In response to escalating levels of violence across Northern Ireland, internment without trialwas introduced
on 9 August 1971.