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2.1 ANALYSING LINEAR MOTION 2.

2 UNDERSTANDING PRESSURE
IN LIQUID

2.1 Mastery Practice 2.1 pg 27 3.2 Mastery Practice 3.2 pg 84

1 (a) The tea level is high above the tap. The tea exert
1. AB a high pressure at the tap.
Motion : Constant acceleration
Displacement : 2.4 + 4.0 + 5.6 = 12.0 cm (b) When there is very little tea, the pressure exerted
Average velocity : 12.0 cm = 40 cm s-1 on the tap by the tea is very small. If the
3 x 0.1 s container is tilted, the tea level above the tap
Acceleration : u = 2.4 = 24 cm s-1 increases and hence the liquid pressure
0.1 increases.

v = 5.6 = 56 cm s-1
0.1
2 (a) Pressure = h g
A = 56 24 = 160 cm s-2
= 8000 x 1025 x 10
2 x 0.1
= 8.2 x 107 Pa

(b) Force = Pressure x area


BC
= 8.2 x 107 x 0.16
Motion : Constant velocity
= 1.312 x 107 N
Displacement : 7.2 x 3 = 21.6 cm
Average velocity : 21.6 cm = 72 cm s-1
3 x 0.1 s
Acceleration : 0 3.2 Challenge Yourself pg 85

_____________________________________________ 1. Water from tap


2. u = 30 m s-1 , v= 0 , t = 6 s, s = ?

Using s = ( u + v)t
s = (30 + 0)6
= 90 m
The obstacle is 10 m from the car. sprinkler

2.2 Mastery
(i) Water flows in from the top.
1. Pave the soft ground with wooden planks of large
(ii) The water column above the sprinkler exerts
pressure to the sprinkles.
surface area.
(iii) The pressure forces the water sprinkling
out .
This will increase the area of contact.
(iv) The higher the water column, the bigger the
When the area of contact increases, pressure
pressure.
decreases.

Hence pressure on the ground is reduced while the

wheelbarrow is pushed over the planks.


3.3 UNDERSTANDING GAS 3.4 APPLYING
PRESSURE & ATMOSPHERIC PACALS PRINCIPLE
PRESSUR

3.3 Mastery Practice 3.3 pg 91 3.4 Mastery Practice 3.4 pg 95

1. (i) The air molecules in the tyre are in random 1. (a) Pascals Principle states that pressure applied to
motion.
an enclosed liquid is transmitted equally to
(ii) They collide all over the inner surface of the every part of the liquid.
tyre and among themselves.
W2 W1 A1 W1
(b) therefore
(iii) The collisions result in a change of momentum A2 A1 A2 W2
and produce force.
1
(iv) The force hence creates the gas pressure. W2 1
=3 =
W2 3

2. Pressure of gas X A1 : A2 = 1 : 3
= Atmospheric pressure + 10 cm Hg
= 76 cm Hg +10 cm Hg
= 86 cm Hg 2. Pressure at the slave cylinder
=Pressure at the master cylinder
100
=
(0.4) 2
3.3 Challenge Yourself pg 91
625
= N cm 1

1. (a) (i) Air inside the hose is being pumped out.
(ii) Pressure inside the hose is reduced. Force at each slave cylinder = pressure x area
(iii) Atmospheric pressure outside is higher. 625
(iv) Atmospheric pressure then forces the = ()(1.6)2

water to rise up in the hose and flow out = 1600 N
of the well.

3.4 Challenge Yourself pg 96


(b) Atmospheric pressure can only support a
maximum water height of 10m. If the water
level drops until it is more than 10 m below 1. (a) (i) An input force is applied to compress the
the well, water cannot rise to reach the top of air.
the hose. Hence water cannot be pumped out (ii) The pressure exerted is transmitted to the
anymore. output piston.
(iii) The output piston has a larger cross-
sectional area.
(iv) Thus a very large output force is produced
at the output piston.

(b) Open the release valve to let out the


compressed air.
Oil will flow back to the oil reservoir and
platform will be lowered down.

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