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The factor formulae are not in the specification for C3 but they
are in the formulae booklet for you to use in an examination
if you wish.
The factor formulae change the sum or difference of two sines or
cosines into the product of two sines or cosines.
C3
You can use a similar method to find a product for sin A - sin B
and also for cos A cos B.
The factor formulae are:
Exercise 2.7
1 Write these expressions as the product of two trigonometric
functions.
C3
4 Simplify
a sin 2x + sin x b cos 7x + cos 3x
cos 2x + cos x sin 7x + sin 3x
sin 5q sinq
b 4 cos 3q
sinq cosq
INVESTIGATION
8 To tune a musical instrument, a musician sounds two
notes at slightly different frequencies. The two notes first
reinforce and then cancel each other out over time to
C3
create the phenomenon of a beat. The beat slows down
and disappears as the two notes become in tune.
Let the volumes of the two notes be rsin w1t and rsin w2t
where w1 and w2 are the frequencies of the notes. The
volume that the listener hears is
(w1 + w2)t (w - w2)t
V = rsin w1t + rsin w2t = 2rsin 2
cos 1
2
(w - w2)t
As w1 - w2 0, cos 1 oscillates at a slower and
2
slower frequency until,
when w1 - w2 = 0 (that is, w1 = w2), the two notes become
in tune.
Let r = 4, w1 = 2 and w2 = 3
Use a computer to draw the graph of V = 4sin 2t + 4sin 3t,
initially for -3000 < t < 3000
Investigate the effect on V as w2 is gradually reduced from
3 to 2.