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Abstract The aim of this paper is to show the operation of AM invention of radio. The technology was based on the already
transmitters and receivers by means of Multisim and present existing inventions of the telegraph and the telephone.
their respective output waveforms. Transmitters perform the According to some researchers, the amplitude modulation
amplitude modulation by multiplying the carrier signal and technique originated from the experimental and theoretical
modulating signal then the product is transmitted through an
work of Leblanc, back in 1886, Mayer (1875) and Rayleigh
antenna. In this paper, the AM transmitter is composed of two
parts. First is the oscillator circuit, the purpose of this circuit is to (1894). In 1900s, the development of the technique is attributed
produce the carrier wave. A comparator is used due to the reason to Lee de Forest where commercial radio stations begin
that it produces a stable oscillating signal. The second part of the broadcasting in Pittsburgh 1920. [1]
transmitter circuit is the audio amplifier circuit. This is where the
output if the oscillating circuit is fed into. The base of the In amplitude modulation (AM), the message signal is
transistor is the input of the audio amplifier circuit and this is impressed on the amplitude of the carrier signal. This results in
where the carrier signal is connected. In this circuit, the function a signal whose amplitude is a function of the message signal.
generator serves as the modulating signal, a 1 kHz sine wave. The The modulation is done because the audio signal being of low
output of the audio amplifier circuit is the amplitude modulated
frequency cannot be transmitted to longer distance so the audio
signal and it also serves as the input of the AM receiver circuit.
Receivers take in the transmitted signal from the channel and signal is amplitude modulated with RF signal and then
processes it to retrieve the information signal. When the transmitted into the air.
amplitude modulated signal passes through the receiver circuit,
the signal is demodulated in order the retrieve the original Because of these, the concept of AM is essential and worth
information and then amplified. The AM receiver used in this studying. This paper will explain the design of the operation of
paper has three parts. First is the tuned RF amplifier, the RF AM transmitters and receivers. The design has also been
section is composed of an inductor and capacitor which forms the simulated.
tank circuit. This tank circuit acts as a bandpass filter and filters
out all the unwanted radio frequencies. Second is the envelope
detector, it is composed of a diode and an RC circuit. Its purpose II. AM TRANSMITTER
is to recover the transmitted signal that rides on the carrier by
means of extracting the envelope of the received signal. Lastly the AM transmitter being an Amplitude Modulated transmitter
output of the envelop detector is fed into an amplifier. It amplifies where the amplitude of the Radio Frequency signal is
the recovered signal to a level where it is more understandable modulated, usually used in the lower frequency bands where
and better perceived by the output devices. the frequency is too low for Frequency Modulation (FM). [2]
2. AM Modulator
B. Schematic Diagram
1. Carrier Oscillator Circuit
III. AM RECEIVER
For the AM Receiver, it receives the amplitude modulated
signal and is able to demodulated and recover the original
information signal and then amplified. [3]
A. Block Diagram
Fig. 5. Block diagram and operation of AM Receiver
REFERENCES
[1] L. Der, Frequency Modulation (FM) Tutorial, Silicon
Laboratories, Inc.
[2] T. H. White, Reginald Fessenden
Fig. 8 Schematic diagram of Envelop Detector [3] Bersekerus, An Audio Radio signal Modulated by Amplitude
K. Markowitz, Operational Diagrams of Radio Transmitters &
Receivers