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4
2007 INTERNATIONAL MAGAZINE ON DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING

SOLAR HEATING

DBDH - direct access to

district heating technology
www.dbdh.dk
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The Chairmans column
Mr. Lars Gullev, Managing Director,
VEKS, and Chairman of DBDH
Two important tools facilitating meet-
ing the first comprehensive EU Energy
and Climate Policy decided by the State
Leaders in February this year (20%
increased renewable energy, 20% re-
duction in the CO2 emissions and 20%
reduction in the energy consumption by
2020) are the European Commissions
promulgated directives:
2002/91/EC on Energy Performance
in Buildings: with the aim to cost-ef-
fectively reduce the (daily) environmental
impact of the energy use for buildings
2004/08/EC on the promotion of co-
generation based on useful heat demand
in the internal energy market: recognize
the importance of CHP technology and
of district heating more than doubling
the energy efficiency
In the ECs own words the overall pur-
pose for the above two directives (to-
gether) was recently stated to encour-
age greater use of renewable energy in
heating, thus creating the need for the
buildings directive to be implemented in
a way that stimulates the integration
of efficient and flexible district heating
systems in residential and tertiary-sec-
tor building.
Hence, it is a two-fold mystery for the
energy sector and for all residents in
Denmark who wish to build a new house
that the official Danish Enterprise and
Construction Authority (DECA) in the
Regulation of 1998 BRS (incl. amendment
no 9 promulgated as per 1 January 2006)
is free to do the exactly opposite of
the promulgated above two directives.
DECAs own website dictates a very dif-
ferent attitude: www.deaca.dk.
(a) The BRS define the land register
as boundary to fulfill the requirements,
thereby setting aside both cost-ef-
fectiveness and integration of efficient
and flexible heating systems encouraging
greater use of renewables.
(b) Annex E of the BRS wrongfully con-
stitutes that the Primary Resource
Factor (PRF), a measurement (encom-
passing both fuel source and final energy
supplied) for overall energy supply to
buildings, of oil, natural gas and district
heating are all equal (PRF = 1). In other
words, new dwellings will only be able to
fulfill the BRS requirements in isolation
without acknowledging the efficiency
gain and fuel flexibility from shared heat-
ing. Calculations by Ramboll show a PRF
= 0.13 for the Western Suburban Area of
Copenhagen (VEKS).
(c) E U d i r e c t i v e o n S t r a t e g i c
Environmental Assessment
Calculations by Ramboll estimates the
land-register approach conveys (un-
necessary) extra costs for building
envelope of minimum 30,000 USD per
house in order to individually meet the
new requirements in Denmark. Should
one neighbor wish to install solar ther-
mal heating and sell any excess heat to
his good friend next door, the man next
door cannot fulfill the requirements
E N E R G Y
because when the clean and renewable
energy crosses the land-register, it
will be measured as individual oil or gas
consumption (PRF =1).
A recently developed and very compre-
hensive study for Europe
(www.ecoheatcool.org) very clearly
shows that average PRF for district
heating systems is much lower than
common energy systems in Europe by a
factor 4.5. Utilization of excess heat and
renewables lowers the value of PRF.
DECA would maybe label this develop-
ment a Brave New World (see also
District Humor, page 29). This statement
must be challenged.
Whose interests does it serve to force
individuals only to invest in energy saving
measures in the building? It is certainly
not the environment, it is not for eco-
nomical reasons? A reason could be that
the responsibility of buildings always has
been in a separate ministry and that no
law forces this ministry to administer the
building code in the interest of the whole
society and the environment. Experience
from other countries shows that min-
istries develop their own sub-sectors
unless they are forced to co-operate
by law. It seems that EU is fully aware of
this and that one of the objectives of the
EU directive on Strategic Environmental
Assessment is to break down the barri-
ers between ministries and their sector
plans.
We have now got a ministry of Climate in
Denmark, presumably in order to ensure
that we reduce our CO2 emissions in
the most cost effective way. It seems
that this ministry should take over all
responsibility of energy related issues in
the building code, unless the government
ensures sufficient co-ordination.
A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
 INTERNATIONAL MAGAZINE
ON DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING

Contents
HOT|COOL is published four times a year by:
The Chairmans Column 2
DBDH
Gregersensvej, Indgang 3 DK-2630 Taastrup Combating climate change cost-effectively
Phone +45 4355 0888 Fax +45 4355 0889
dbdh@dbdh.dk www.dbdh.dk
with heat recycling 4
Solar energy contributes
Editorial Committee:
Lars Gullev, VEKS to cleaner district heating 6
Lone Vlcker, DFj
Jes B. Christensen, DBDH Large solar thermal systems
Kathrine Windahl, DBDH - Development and perspectives 8
Editor-in-Chief:
EU aim at great expansion of
Lars Gullev, VEKS
large-scale solar thermal plants 12
Coordinating Editor:
Kathrine Windahl, DBDH DBDH welcomes new member 17
Total circulation:
Wireless mapping of the
7,000 copies in
50 countries energy consumption of buildings 18
ISSN 0904 9681
Layout: DBDH/Galla-Form
DBDH welcomes new member 23
memb er p rof ile
Pre-press and printing:
Kailow Graphic A/S Grontmij | Carl Bro 24
Translations: DB DH co -op eration
Kathrine Windahl, DBDH
International District Energy Association 26
LATEST NEWS 28
District humor 29

List of members 30

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7 www.dbdh.dk
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Combating climate change cost - effectively
with heat recycling
The threat of disruptive climate change,
the erosion of energy security and the
growing energy needs of the developing
world all pose major challenges for en-
ergy and environmental decision makers.
Despite important steps taken interna-
tionally to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions in the past decade, global
carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have
increased by over 20% over the same
time span. Last year, the International
Energy Agency (IEA) forecasted that the
carbon intensity of the worlds economy
will increase dramatically (CO2 emissions
in 2050 at almost 2.5 times current lev-
els) due to greater reliance on coal for
power generation.
A business-as-usual approach is there-
fore clearly unsustainable, and must be
altered with a portfolio of existing and
emerging technologies. In particular,
energy supply efficiency improvements
offer tremendous promise. The average
global efficiency of fossil-fuelled power
generation has remained stagnant for
decades at 35-37%. Put another way,
about two-thirds of the fuel that is
burned to produce power is lost-vented
as waste heat. The transmission and
distribution of this electricity from
remote power stations create further
losses of 5-10%. On the other hand the
final demand for heat dominates the
demand side of the energy system, with
more than 40% of all primary energy
(mainly oil and natural gas) being used for
heating purposes. Thus, recycling heat
losses to cover heat demands in the in-
dustrial, service and residential sectors
would make a significant contribution
towards improving the efficiency of our
energy system and reducing the use of
fossil fuels.
By recycling heat that would be wasted
otherwise, combined heat & power (CHP)
and district heating & cooling (DHC)
Ms. Sabine Froning, Managing Director,
Euroheat & Power
are attractive, proven technologies that
lead to both energy and cost savings. In
terms of cost-effective GHG reduction
potential in the short term, CHP and DHC
are alongside renewable energy and
energy efficiency - core elements of the
policymakers toolbox for responding to
climate change and the need to reduce
the use of fossil fuels.
Despite the benefits of realizing the
untapped potential for CHP/DHC and
other forms of local energy supply (e.g.
waste incineration, geothermal), around
90% of global power generation today
is still based on large plants located re-
motely from consumers. While interest in
promoting CHP and DHC is not new, sig-
nificant challenges remain, highlighted by
the fact that global CHP investment has
remained stagnant for the past decade
and DHC has grown only modestly.
To help advance these crucial tech-
nologies beyond current levels, IEA
launched the International CHP/DHC
Global Average Power Plant Efficiencies
50%
40%
30%
20%
92 93 94 95 96
Natural gas Brown coal
E N E R G Y
Mr. Tom Kerr, Analyst,
International Energy Agency
Mr. Matthew Gray, Analyst,
International Energy Agency
Collaborative in March 2007 to raise
the profile of CHP and DHC as low-cost,
low-carbon energy technologies. The
Collaborative will deliver a significantly
improved global set of CHP/DHC data
and indicators, including global CHP/DHC
capacity (existing and potential) and the
CO2 emissions reductions attributable
to this capacity. As of October 2007, the
Collaborative had 10 Partners, including
Euroheat & Power, and approximately
40 collaborating organizations, such
as DBDH.
A variety of barriers still exist for CHP/
DHC largely because the economic, policy
and regulatory structures established
over decades to manage the develop-
ment of traditional energy systems are
not always well suited for decentralised
generation. The work of the Collaborative
will highlight the key grid access/plan-
ning, environmental, educational and
other barriers and identify the most
successful national and regional policies
to address them. Expected outcomes
97 98 99 00 01 02 03
Hard coal
A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

include an increased understanding
among policymakers and industry of the
lessons to be learned from successful
government/private sector efforts to
advance CHP/DHC.
To assist in reaching its objectives, the
IEA hosted a Policy Makers Roundtable
for CHP and DHC on October 10-11,
2007. The Roundtable convened over 70
participants from 20 countries to dis-
cuss and document global best practice
policies to advance CHP and DHC as ef-
ficient energy supply and climate change
solutions. The Roundtable identified
characteristics of successful policies
related to power system requirements
for purchasing CHP output, local financ-
ing options, integration of CHP/DHC into
GHG emissions trading schemes, and
other topics. Additional issues addressed
included the quantifying of CHP/DHC
benefits, successful communication to
policymakers, and the leadership role
of cities.
Selected findings from the Policy Makers
Roundtable will be incorporated into a
forthcoming IEA report, scheduled for
publication in 2008, that will highlight
global CHP/DHC potential and policy
models for success. This work will con-
tribute to the IEAs climate change and
clean energy Programme of Work for the
G8 Ministers.
Energi Viborg is a multi-utility
company and your partner for
solving problems concerning:
Electricity supply
Water supply
Wastewater treatment
Production of heat and power
Energi Viborg A/S I Bssemagervej 8 I DK-8800 Viborg I Tel.: +45 8929 2929 I Fax. +45 8929 2939 I www.energiviborg.dk
J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7
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Moreover, it is intended to be utilized For more information on the IEAs
globally as a tool for policy makers in- International CHP/DHC Collaborative,
terested in energy supply and climate including a summary of the Roundtable,
change solutions. visit: www.iea.org/G8/CHP/chp.asp
On the European front, Euroheat & For more information on the activi-
Power has provided necessary ground- ties of Euroheat & Power, including the
work with the Ecoheatcool study. This Ecoheatcool study, visit:
study, which has been co-financed by www.euroheat.org or contac
the European Commission, quantifies the office@ euroheat.org
possible contribution of DHC to achieving
the EUs 2020 targets. The results speak
for themselves: Euroheat & Power
Att.: Ms. Sabine Froning
Doubling district heat sales in the ho- Avenue de Tervuren
rizon 2020 and further improving the B-300 1150 Brussels, Belgium
performance of DHC systems in 32 Phone: +32 (0)2 740 2110
European countries will reduce primary Fax: +32 (0)2 740 2119
energy supply by 2.6% or 50.7 Mtoe/year sabine.froning@arcor.de
(equal to the primary energy supply of
International Energy Agency
Sweden), import dependency by 105.4
Att.: Matthew Gray or Tom Kerr
Mtoe/year (equal to primary energy sup-
9, rue de la Fdration
ply of Poland) and carbon dioxide emis-
75739 Paris Cedex 15, France
sions by 404 million tons, corresponding
Phone: +33 1 4057 6773
to 9.3 % of the current emissions (equal-
matthew.gray@iea.org
ing current emissions of France from
fuel combustion).
On the basis of these findings and in sup-
port of the IEAs Collaborative, Euroheat
& Power constantly seeks to take the
dialogue with policy makers in Brussels
further with a number of new initiatives,
including a dinner-debate in cooperation
with Danish MEP Britta Thomsen and ef-
forts to establish a European Technology
Platform for DHC.
16250 HARTLY & MLLER A/S
www.dbdh.dk
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Solar energy contributes

to cleaner district heating
Global warming calls for new thinking and development of even more
clean sources for district heating (DH) production than seen today.

Mr. Lars Gullev, Managing Director, VEKS, and

Chairman of DBDH

More than 300,000 m2 of solar collectors
have now been installed in Denmark and
more than 75 % of these are installed
in connection with one-family houses.
During the recent years a couple of
middle-size systems have been installed,
and in the coming years we can expect
to see several large-scale solar collec-
tor systems. These systems will produce
large amounts of heat and therefore be
connected to exist-
ing or new DH pipe
networks.
Furthermore VEKS has commenced a
pre-study, placing focus on the environ-
mental and financial consequences by
establishing a large solar collector sys-
tem in the western part of Copenhagen.
The solar collector system with a size
of 20,000 m is estimated to an annual
2
heat production of 10,000 MWh which is
equivalent to the heat consumption at
500-600 one-family houses.
Solar heating integrated
in DH systems
Common for the Danish solar heating
systems integrated in the DH systems
is a relative simple construction where
the DH water is pre-heated by the solar
collector. Several factors influence the
production capacity. The solar heating
share of the annual production highly
depends on potential heat storage and

Positive Danish
experiences
Today in the city
of Marstal, the DH
company has more
than 10 years of ex-
perience with the
integration of solar
heating in the DH
system. During the last couple of years, An important part of the pre-study is the size of the storage. If heat storage is
the solar collector system has been also to find potential locations for the available, the share of solar heating can
expanded and consist now of 18,365 m2 solar collector system. be increased considerably. The annual
collectors which today is the largest share of solar heating amounts to ap-
solar collector system in the world. The With the figures given at the moment in proximately 30% at Marstal DH Company,
solar heat production covers 30% of the the pre-study the heat production costs as mentioned before. Among the conclu-
total annual heat production. In the city for such a large-scale solar collector sions in the report is mentioned that
of Brdstrup, a 8,000 m solar collec-
2
system are only approximately 30% of the capacity of heat storage facilities
tor system connected to the local DH the costs compared with solar collec- is very important for the profitability
network was inaugurated in the summer tors for individual houses. Furthermore, in solar heating in combination with DH
2007 after only one year of construc- the calculations so far indicate a heat systems.
tion time. In the city of Gram, another production prize from the solar collec-
large-scale solar collection system will tor system including capital costs at the
be taken into operation in 2008. same level as heat from alternative heat
producers.

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

At the same time Energinet.dk has
published a study putting focus on the
consequences by introduction of solar
heating in areas with DH based on CHP.
Together Energinet.dk and the Danish
Energy Authority have created a report,
dated May 2007, with the title Solar
heating Status and Strategies.
Fact-box
As the owner of the overall infrastruc-
ture, Energinet.dk maintains the security
of supply and ensures the smooth opera-
tion of the Danish market for electricity
and gas.
Energinet.dks tasks:
maintaining the overall security of
supply of electricity and gas in the short
and the long term
developing the infrastructure of the
Danish electricity and gas transmission
creating objective and transparent
conditions for competition within the
energy markets and monitoring this
competition works
carrying out coherent and compre-
hensive planning, taking account of
future transmission capacity require-
ments and the long-term security of
supply
supporting environmentally friendly
electricity production and the develop-
ment and demonstration of technolo-
gies for environmentally friendly energy
production
calculating the environmental impact
of the energy system as a whole
Summary Fuel flexibility, energy efficiency and reduction of the consumption of fossil fuels are on the
agenda for almost all governments. One way to reach these targets are to focus on DH.
DH prompts fuel flexibility; DH leads to energy efficiency when based on CHP and DH is a precondition
for an increased utilisation of renewable energy in the society. The future will show large-scale solar
collector systems integrated in DH systems which will benefit the environment.
For further information please contact:
VEKS, Att.: Mr. Lars Gullev, Roskildevej 175, DK-2620 Albertslund, Phone: +45 4366 0366, Fax: +45 4366 0369, lg@veks.dk
Summarizing the results
of the study
The overall conclusion of the study is
that the DH consumers as well as the
energy producers and the environment
will benefit from the increasing utilisa-
tion of solar heating in the DH systems.
Solar heating in DH systems, based on
CHP with a high share of renewable
power production from wind in particular,
contributes positively to the function of
a market-oriented power market. Here
success factors are flexibility and the
ability to react quickly on prize signals
from the market.
The report from the working group
points out several interesting and ex-
citing new results concerning the inte-
gration of solar heating in DH systems
based on CHP.
The transition to a market-oriented
power sector requires a production sys-
tem with high flexibility. The high flexibility
is necessary because of quick changes in
prize signals from the market.
A couple of conclusions from the
report are the following:
The analysis shows that in power sys-
tems with a high share of wind-based
power production as in Denmark an
increasing share of solar heating in the
DH system will create a better balance
in the power system. The explanation is
that an increasing share of solar heating
in the DH systems will reduce the ties
between heat and power production at
the CHP plants.
Solar heating collectors ought to be
constructed as large-scale systems
connected to DH systems.
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The solar collector technology is
developed and available at commercial
conditions.
It is important that regulations for new
buildings give credit to renewable energy
and in this connection heat from large
solar collectors produced outside the
building in question.
Also in the future energy taxes ought
to be put on fuel instead of heat produc-
tion. If heat production is subject to heat
taxation, the basis for a further enlarge-
ment of the utilisation of solar heating
will be completely ruined.
Integration of solar heating in CHP
systems can be established with a rea-
sonable economy for the DH companies.
Integration of solar heating in areas
with CHP will have a positive economic
and environmental effect for the society
at the present price conditions.
Preconditions to achieve
these advantages are:
The DH plants must be constructed
with a heat accumulator with a capacity
for 24 hours or, if necessary, a seasonal
storage depending on the size of the
solar collector system.
The solar collectors must be installed
as large-scale solar collectors systems
in connection with CHP plants or as large
regional systems connected to existing
or new DH pipe networks.
Compared with individual solar collec-
tors, the large solar collector systems
are more efficient and have much lower
installation and operation costs.
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Large solar thermal systems

- Development and perspectives
With existing and future national and European goals and ob-
ligations for use of renewable energy for heating (and cool-
ing), large-scale solar heating is an interesting option in fu-
ture district heating in Europe. Studies show that based on
the policy development there is a growing potential for solar
heating in district heating. And Denmark is at the forefront
both in regards to operational systems (sites) and production
Mr. Jan Michael Runager, Mr. Jan Erik Nielsen,
facilities (ARCON A/S). Director, Arcon Solvarme Head of Department, PlanEnergi

The major strengths of solar heat are: it is renewable, it is Market development Denmark
available everywhere, it does not smell or make noise, and - not As seen in figure 1, the market for large solar thermal systems
least it is environmentally friendly with low CO2 emissions. has been up and down for the last 20 years. Right now, however,
And with growing oil prices, solar thermal district heat pro- the market seems to take off - at least in Denmark.
duction has also become a very cost effective solution.
systems larger than 1.4 MW (2000 m3)
Installed capacaity / MW
Background
40
Large-scale solar heating systems were introduced in the late
35
1970s due to the interest in developing solar heating systems
30
with seasonal storage. Together with Sweden and the Neth- 25
erlands, Denmark had a leading role in the early demonstra- 20
tions. In the 1990s, the interest in large-scale solar heating 15
increased in Germany and Austria, and about 100 new plants 10
with more than 500 m2 of solar collectors have been put into 5
operation since the mid-90es. At present there are about 120 0
1985

1989

1990

1996

1997

1999

1998

2000

2001

2003

2002

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009
plants with more than 500 m2 of solar collectors in operation
in Europe. Out of these, 10 are placed in Denmark.
DK SE NL GR DE AT

Figure 1. Installed large systems (only systems larger than 4

MW (2,000 m) included.

Most of the capacity (90%) shown in fig. 1 is installed in central

Solar heating
plant of Brdstrup
The Danish large-scale solar heating plants are used in small
district heating systems and all collectors are ground mounted.
The first Danish plant, 1,000 m2 of ground mounted collectors,
was built in 1987. And today 20 years later the plant still pro-
duces heating for the citizens. In 1995 Marstal Fjernvarme de-
cided to establish about 8,000 m2 solar collectors and a 2,100
m3 water storage tank to cover up to 15% of their heating
load. The plant is now extended to 18,300 m2 (12.8 MW(th)) and
so far is the largest solar heating plant in the world. More have
joined since then; a recent one being Brdstrup with 8,000 m2
delivering 4 MW a year.
district heating systems.
There is a substantial number of new systems in the pipeline in
Denmark. In 2008 44,000 m (30.8 MW) is planned, distributed
the following way:
Location Output MW Size (m2)
Copenhagen (VEKS) 14.0 20,000
Gram 7.0 10,000
Strandby 5.6 8,000
Hillerd 2.1 3,000
Snderborg 2.1 3,000
In 2009 a very large system will most likely materialise in the
town Dronninglund consisting of 40,000 m (28.0 MW).

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
3 }| x|
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P
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Large solar thermal systems - Development and perspectives
Danish and European perspectives
Danish perspectives
In the official Strategy for solar thermal by the Danish En-
ergy Agency, a vision is to cover 10% of the district heating
load by solar thermal in 2030. This corresponds to 2.7 TWh (10
PJ), requiring an installed capacity of approx. 3.2 GW (4.5 mill
m of collectors). To reach this capacity an annual growth of
12-13 % from the 30.8 MW in 2008 is needed - on an average
more than 150 MW / 220,000 m must be installed per year to
reach the vision.
Looking another 20 years ahead: in 2050, the potential solar
thermal district heat production is estimated to be close to
40% of the district heating load, corresponding to 7 TWh (25
PJ) from 10 mill. M of collectors.
European perspectives
The European Solar Thermal Technology Platform was estab-
lished in 2006. One of the working groups is dealing specifically
with district heating and cooling. This group 2E is right now
making a study on the potential solar thermal contribution to
the district heating production in Europe.
In the draft document so far released from the working group,
a long-term target of at least 5% contribution from solar is
given. This corresponds to 28 TWh (100 PJ).
learn more about dbdh on:
www.dbdh.dk
Not all of the abovementioned systems are decided upon yet,
but the chances are high that all of them will be established in
the coming years. And it will only be the beginning: we will see
even more systems in the coming years see Danish and Eu-
ropean Perspectives.
The background for this expected positive market development
is the increasing fossil fuel energy prices and the decreasing
solar energy prices: While the price of fossil fuels and biomass
has increased dramatically lately, the costs for heat delivered
from large solar thermal systems have been reduced by 30%
during the last 10 years. The result is that solar thermal dis-
trict heat production is now - in many cases - very cost effec-
tive. Furthermore, the use of solar offers flexibility in a system
with combined power and heat production contribution, having
a high fraction of wind generated power .
Danish know-how
One of the major players in this market is the Danish com-
pany Arcon, which was acquired by SolarCAP A/S, owned by
VKR Holding, in 2007 and is a world leader in large solar heating
systems. The company was founded in 1974 and is located in
Skrping.
Arcon is among the top three companies in the world in re-
gards to knowledge about projecting and building large system
for central heating purposes. The annual production capacity
is more than 50,000 m2 and by the end of 2008 the capacity
will exceed 100,000 m2.
ARCON estimates that the Danish market for large-scale solar
heating is more than 5 mill m2. So the expectation for 2008 is
only the beginning of a fast growing market.
The owners of the decentralised central heating plants have
become more aware of the benefits from solar thermal as part
of their plant. It provides the citizen with cheaper heating and
reduces the pollution, particularly from CO2.
The growing demand combined with the political awareness
creates a good framework for potential growth. But it is im-
portant that we make sure that no regulations obstruct the
development. The Barcelona Agreement, the coming EU RESHC
Directive and national policies point in one direction: we have
to use more renewable energy also for heating purposes.
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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The Climate Summit (COP15), which is to For further information please contact:
be held in Copenhagen in 2009, is a ma-
jor opportunity to show the world that ARCON Solvarme A/S
we are focusing on and fully committed Att.: Jan Michael Runager, Skrping Nord 3, DK-9520 Skrping
Phone: +45 9839 1477, Fax: +45 9839 2005, jmr@arcon.dk
to solar heating a small niche were
Denmark is still dominating the market.
PlanEnergi Zealand
There is a huge potential based on our Att.: Jan Erik Nielsen, Aggerupvej 1, DK-4330 Hvalsoe
long tradition for central district heat- Phone: + 45 4646 1229, Fax: + 45 4646 1239, jen@planenergi.dk
ing and the use of renewable energy
sources.

City of Brdstrup
Solar part of district heating
8000 m (641 collectors)
Large scale benefits in regards
to investment
Delivers 4 mio. kWh a year
Price for 1 kWh solar heating
17.5 re (0,02 EUR) A World of Heat & Power
Annual savings consumer
675 DKK (91 EUR)
Expected life time of system
exceeds 20 years
Saves the environment for
4,500 tons of CO2 a year

BWSCs main activities are the supply and construction of turnkey

combined heat & power plants, including operation and maintenance
services to the energy industry worldwide. The projects can be supplied
to burn either heavy or diesel fuel, gas, biogas, biodiesel and biomass.
Development of power producing companies is an integral part of
BWSCs activities, and BWSC is part owner of a number of international
power production companies also undertaking long-term Operation &
Maintenance Contracts.

Burmeister & Wain Scandinavian Contractor A/S Gydevang 35 DK 3450 Allerd Denmark
sales@bwsc.dk www.bwsc.dk

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7 www.dbdh.dk
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EU aim at great expansion of
large-scale solar thermal plants
Since January 2005, Denmark together with 10 Eu-
ropean partners - has participated in the IEE (Intelli-
gent Energy for Europe) promotion project SOLARGE
for large-scale solar thermal plants in Europe. The
work is now in the final phase and Denmark has been
represented by Ramboll Denmark. The work has been
funded by the IEE with 40%.
This article is an introduction to the targets and
achievements of SOLARGE at a European level. In ad-
dition, the article describes the implementation of the
programme in Denmark, where focus has been on the
very large solar thermal systems integrated into district heat-
ing systems.
The SOLARGE programme
SOLARGE is being implemented across Europe through the
following cooperation:
European Partner Consortium
ADEME France
Ambiente Italia srl Italy
Berliner Energieagentur GmbH Germany
Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft e. V. (BSW) Germany
Ecofys Netherlands B.V. Netherlands
Ecofys S.L. Spain
ENERPLAN France
European Solar Thermal Industry Federation (ESTIF) Belgium
Ramboll A/S Denmark
target GmbH Germany (project coordination)
University of Ljubljana Slovenia
The European Union has set the target to provide at least 12%
of its primary energy consumption from renewable energy
sources by 2010. More than 40% of the total final energy con-
sumption in Europe is used in the building sector the most
promising field for implementing solar thermal energy.
Solar energy holds a vast potential for climate protection, job
creation and regional economic development. The development
of a market for solar thermal applications began with small
systems in the private building sector. This development is now
moving in the direction of collective solar thermal systems,
which are still in a state of demonstration, even though an
enormous potential exists, and overall cost efficiency is gen-
erally improving with the size of the system.
Mr. Henrik Steffensen, Engineer,
District heating systems, Ramboll
With a view to national and European energy and
climate protection policies, the development and
implementation of collective solar thermal sys-
tems can play an important part in the future. The
project SOLARGE, running from January 2005 to
December 2007, is incorporating all relevant as-
pects of such a role. Current projects and the
conditions for projects have been analysed, re-
sulting in advice and recommendations. SOLARGE
has taken its background in existing project results in the
participating countries and has taken this approach further,
leading to a systematic and international comparison between
projects for the first time.
Solar heating plants all over Europe have more than 19 million
square meters of collector area. These plants replace around
800,000 tons of oil per year, corresponding to more than
2.5 million tons of CO2, while heating half a million households.
The total maximum capacity is in the area of 13.5 GW thermal
energy.
The purpose of SOLARGE has been and still is to stimulate
and motivate the solar thermal market in the EU countries,
first of all in the partner countries, but later on hopefully also
in the other countries, especially in the former CIS countries,
which are about to invest significantly in energy efficiency and
conservation programmes in the housing sector.
The main objective of SOLARGE is to support the market
roll-out of Collective Solar Thermal Systems (CSTS) by the
following steps:
Analysis of current projects and identification of market
obstacles and opportunities
Identification of factors for success with regards to
technology, project development and realization
Information and communication with the target
roups in Europe
A survey and demonstration of European best
practice projects and solutions
Support to national and European energy policy development
Development of proposals to improve existing
political framework conditions for CSTS applications
Europe-wide dissemination of results
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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SOLARGE was launched at a kick-off meeting in Hanover in the
beginning of 2005. Five project meetings have been held since
then. The scope for SOLARGE was initially defined as thermal
plants from 30 m2 up to around 500 m2, mainly as individual
plants in the building sector, such as multi-dwelling buildings,
hotels, public and private office buildings, schools, etc. in Eu-
rope.
SOLARGE has been realised within six work packages:
1. Market and good practice analysis:
Estimation of potentials, identification of obstacles
and chances of success
2. Capacity building for the supply side:
Marketing and optimised project development
3. Awareness campaign towards the investors:
Information, PR and consultancy
4. Market stimulation and market roll-out:
Support to project development
(focal point: Southern Europe)
5. Consultancy for the policy:
Formulation of proposals for national and regional
strategies, support of political decision processes
6. EU-wide dissemination of the project results:
Interactive project website, market studies,
good practice database

All information and project results are to be published on the

multilingual website: www.solarge.org

In Denmark the 200 largest solar plants cover 68,000 m2 and

produce 30,000 MWh. A list can be found on the website among
a handful of good practice examples described in more detail.

Clean, reliable and affordable heating

CTR Metropolitan Copenhagen Heating Transmission Company

CTR
Sthr Johansens Vej 38
DK 2000 Frederiksberg
Phone +45 3818 5777
Fax +45 3818 5799
ctr@ctr.dk
www.ctr.dk

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7 www.dbdh.dk
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EU aim at great expansion of large-scale solar thermal plants
Danish implementation of
large solar heating systems
The main contribution from Ramboll was to supply informa-
tion about the large-scale solar plants in Denmark. In Denmark
around 60% of all dwellings are supplied with district heating.
In these systems only 0.5 MWh produced on fossil fuels is used
per MWh heat sold to the customers. This is due to a flex-
ible system that makes it possible to utilise energy from many
kinds of energy resources like waste, straw, biomass, solar and
geothermal heat in well-operated and well-maintained plants.
At the same time energy savings and energy labelling of build-
ings and a new building directive will lead to a lower demand
over time and help the phasing out of fossil fuels.
The target groups for SOLARGE have been:
Housing and hotel industry, public authorities
Manufacturers of solar thermal equipment
Planners, architects, engineers
Collective Solar Thermal System on multi-dwelling building in Helsingr,
Denmark. The building complex is also supplied with district heating,
partly based on renewable energy.
Denmark: National contacts and activities like networking,
meetings, direct mailing, cooperation and planning were initi-
ated with the following institutions and organizations:
Government:
Danish Energy Agency (DEA, Authority under the
Ministry of Transport and Energy)
Engineers and Planners
Danish Association of Architects
Danish Society of Engineers (IDA)
Danish Association of Consulting Engineers (FRI)
Danish Technical University (DTU)
Danish Technological Institute (TI)
Industry and Craftsmen:
Confederation of Danish Industries (DI)
Danish Federation of Small and Medium-Sized
Enterprises (Danish Association of Craft Guild
- Hndvrksrdet)
Danish Solar Manufacturer Association
(Dansk Solvarmeforening):
- ARCON Solvarme A/S, BATEC A/S, GJ TEKNIK A/S
(producer of CSTS)
Energy Utility Companies
Danish District Heating Association (Dansk Fjernvarme)
Demand Side
Association of Danish Municipalities
(Kommunernes Landsforening)
Danish Dwelling Associations: (Boligforeninger)
ABF, LLO, AB GRUPPEN etc.
House-Owner Associations
(Almennyttige Boligselskaber): KAB, AAB, DAB etc.
Danish Hotel and Restaurant Association (HORESTA)
Future
It is the wish of the SOLARGE partners that a SOLARGE II
could get support from early 2008 to continue the work. It is
the plan to also focus on field-based large-scale solar thermal
plants (< 1,000 m2) in connection with district heating systems
and combined with other renewable energy and CHP produc-
tion. In addition, the potential for use of solar energy for air
conditioning and cooling would be investigated.
In this special sector, Denmark holds a leading position. Not
only does Denmark host the worlds largest solar thermal
plant in Marstal, but a number of companies and organisations
have now a comprehensive knowledge and experience, when it
comes to large-scale solar heating.
Marstal CSTS (18,189 m2)
J O U R N A L N 0 . 3 / 2 0 0 7
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The Danish experience of large-scale field mounted solar heat-
ing systems integrated in district heating systems could be
relevant to many other towns and cities in Europe with district
heating supply systems.
A major advantage of the large-scale solar thermal plants is
the relatively low heat production costs. In the figure below is
shown the relationship between plant size and heat production
costs. In future we may expect to obtain further price reduc-
tions, if the solar heating plant is to be used also for cooling
purposes.
ProduCtion price per MWH output based on size of plant
A large solar heating plant of 5,000 m2 or more and with 20
years depreciation may offer a production price in the range
of 35-45 /MWh. The alternative production of heat from bi-
omass or natural gas is 35-50 /MWh. The heat sales price
from such district heating plants is typically twice the produc-
tion costs.
Another solar thermal plant of 10,000 m2 is planned to be in-
stalled at a gas-fired CHP plant (20 % solar fraction). The solar
plant is expected to reduce the heat sales price by 3 /MWh. In
this case no grants are available. The existing thermal storage
can serve the solar thermal plant during summer and the CHP

Euro per MVH

plant for the rest of the year.

180
170
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1000

5000

10000

15000

20000

Size of plant m2
07:28:46 November 29, 2007

07:28:46 November 29, 2007

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For more information about how the new APV Zephyr plate heat exchanger
can give you more power out of less space, contact:

APV
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DK-6000 Kolding
T: +45 70 278 444
www.apv.com F: +45 70 278 445

1 J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7 www.dbdh.dk 1

APV Annonce.indd 2 29/11/07 7:27:39

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EU aim at great expansion of large-scale solar thermal plants
In relation to SOLARGE, Denmark tries to show good examples from various large- Brdstrup
scale solar thermal projects. In Marstal for instance solar thermal energy covers (8,000 m2 DKK, 3.6 millon in grant)
more than 30 percent of the production, and when it comes to fuel savings the frac- in operation 07
tion is higher. The reason is that the boiler efficiency is often lower during summer- Gram
time, where the load is low and standby and network losses are relatively high. (10,000 m2, DKK no grant).
Project proposal authority appraisal
Several other cities in Denmark with district heating systems are following in the Snderborg
footsteps of Marstal, and since 2005 more than 15,000 m2 have been installed as field (11,000 m2, DKK no grant).
plants, while additional 85,000 m2 are planned to be installed. The established plants Detailed project is being prepared
include: Strandby
(8,000 m2, including absorption heat
pump, DKK 3.6 million grant) authority
appraisal
Dronninglund
(40,000 m2 and 75,000 m3 storage and
heat pump. DKK no grant)
With care, any building or Hillerd

installation will last longer (3,000 m2, EU subsidized)

we care about industrial water treatment Even in the greater Copenhagen area
a project proposal is being prepared
for a plant to be ready before the
UNworld Climate Conference in 2009.
The collector area is planned to be
20,000 m2.

In total some 30 million EUR are invest-

ed in large-scale solar thermal plants
covering 100,000 m2 in these years.

For further information please

contact:

Rambll
Att.: Mr. Henrik Steffensen
The significance of good water quality Teknikerbyen 31
Variations in the pH-value and in the appearance of minerals demands for high DK-2830 Virum
quality water treatment. Not only does the formation of corrosion harm the
Phone direct: +45 4598 8763
systems; but as little as just one millimetre of scale causes an increased energy
consumption of approx 10%. Thus the overall operation costs as well as the lifetime Fax: +45 4598 8535
of the systems will improve considerably when proper water treatment is applied.
HST@ramboll.dk
Photo: Recently the district heating system at the summer palace Tsarshoye Selo
at St. Petersburg was renovated. Now, Hydro-X water treatment helps maintaining Att.: Mr. Flemming Ulbjerg
a high standard of operation.
Englandsgade 25
DK-5100 Odense C
Phone direct: +45 6542 5887
Fax: +45 6542 5999
HST@ramboll.dk
HYDRO-X A/S Tylstrupvej 50 9320 Hjallerup Denmark
Tel.: +45 98 28 21 11 Fax: +45 98 28 30 21 E-mail: info@hydro-x.com

www.hydro-x.com

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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DBDH welcomes new member

TVIS is a heat transmission company established in 1983 with The primary industrial surplus heat is supplied from the Shell
the purpose of supplying district heating based on the utilisa- Refinery in Fredericia. The combined heat and power is pro-
tion of industrial surplus heat and heat from combined heat and duced at DONGs natural gas fired CHP plant, Skrbkvrket
power production supplemented with local peak and reserve in Fredericia. The use of surplus heat has replaced burning of
production. approximately 130 million litres of fuel which means a consider-
able reduction of the CO2 emission and other environmentally
TVIS is jointly owned by the mu- damaging emissions.
nicipalities of Fredericia, Kolding,
Middelfart, and Vejle situated cen- TVIS administration centre is placed in Fredericia. The company
trally in Denmark in a geographic has 14 employees.
area often referred to as the
Triangle Area. The population of this The TVIS project has contributed to drawing attention to the
region is 350,000. socio-economic and environmentally sound development of
Danish district heating systems, as well as to creating ideas for
The total heat transmission system the reduction of global environmental problems.
consists of nearly 80 kilometres
double pipe lines with five pumping stations and 47 exchange
and valve stations transmitting heat from the production
plants to the local district heating systems in the four mu-
nicipalities. The local district heating companies distribute to
approximately 55,000 consumers of domestic heating including
institutions and businesses. TVIS heat capacity is approximately
6000 TJ per year.

Together We Can Solve

the Challenges of Tomorrow
ABB undertakes a variety of projects within
district heating from small to large-scale
turnkey projects.

We offer a wide range of automation solu-

tions and products all based on the latest
IT technology.

ABB in Denmark is the worldwide research

and development center for district heating and
cooling automation within the ABB Group.

ABB A/S, Meterbuen 33, DK-2740 Skovlunde, Phone: +45 4450 4450, e-mail: abb.dk@dk.abb.com

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7 www.dbdh.dk
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Wireless mapping of the

energy consumption of buildings

The building of the Danish Society of Engineers

These days, with focus on energy saving, environmentally Mr. Jens Peter Fischer Hansen,
Managing Director, Brunata
friendly and energy efficient buildings and heat consumption
reduction, buildings are better insulated and thus become in-
creasingly draft-proof. Any unintentional energy consumption
should be avoided.

Increasing the energy efficiency of buildings require methods

and systems which can map energy consumption and energy
waste in buildings in a simple way. Brunata has therefore de-
veloped a wireless data transmission system which provides
completely new opportunities for very detailed logging of a
very large number of data. The data can be presented on any
PC with internet access. The system is a very suitable tool for
continuous monitoring of the energy efficiency of a building.
Assertion 1: A rooms share of a buildings total energy con-
sumption can be determined by the allocation accounts princi-
ple based on measurements.
Assertion 2: When the buildings total energy efficiency is
known, a rooms energy efficiency can be determined by the
allocation accounts principle based on measurements. This is
reverse heat allocation accounts.
To measure is to know
Use of Brunatas measuring system provides extensive infor-
mation about the energy consumption in a simple and eco-
nomic way.
The Danish Society of Engineers, a professional association
of engineers and other specialists, situated in Copenhagen,
thought that their own buildings energy consumption was low
compared with other similar office buildings. However, meas-
urements showed that it was twice as high as expected from
the calculations for the building. This variation of the energy
efficiency was intensely debated in the engineers professional
journal Ingeniren during February 2006.

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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To examine the matter in depth, we Brunatas system is unique in using elec- The heat cost allocator measures the
installed a series of electronic radio- tronic radio-based meters to register heat energy supplied by the heating
based heat cost allocators on every the temperature every tenth minute supplier. The heat cost allocator is able
single radiator on the third floor of and calculate an average temperature to distinguish between regular heat
Ingenirhuset. In addition, a number for the past 24 hours. These measure- consumption and heat originating from
of comfort meters for measuring the ments can be logged via the internet, e.g. sunlight.
room temperature were installed, along which provides a series of very exact
with comfort meters in the ventilation measurements that can be used to draw By combining the room temperature
system. Finally, outside temperature graphs showing the development. and the outside temperature with the
measuring was organised and a pulse energy supplied, it is possible to calcu-
collector was installed to register the late the buildings energy efficiency.
electricity consumption for the third
floor. In this way, a true picture of the
energy consumption could be estab-
lished. Instead of a total energy con-
sumption measurement, the mapping of
each individual rooms energy consump-
tion made it possible to develop a more
targeted and effective effort to solve
the problem.

In connection with energy efficient

properties, it is necessary to have com-
plete control of the various parameters
for the various meters in order to en-
sure optimal exploitation of the heat.

Calculations on the basis of empirical

data are better than calculations based
on more or less subjective assumptions
about building sections and the influ-
ence of building methods on insulation
effect and energy efficiency. Empirical
measurement data provide a better
picture of when and how much energy
is used, and thus such data provide a
better basis for achieving better energy
efficiency for the whole building.

Measurement of a buildings en-

ergy efficiency
A buildings total energy consumption
is the sum of the individual rooms con-
sumption. In order to identify where the
energy is used, it is necessary to meas-
ure at room level, and meters are able
to do that.

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7 www.dbdh.dk
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20 Wireless mapping of the energy consumption of buildings
System description
Heat cost allocators can be read directly. Meter data are ra-
dio-transmitted wirelessly from the meters to strategically
located receivers. In the case of a partially cabled system, the
data are transferred via a network to a centrally located con-
troller box. Depending on the conditions, the controller box is
connected to the internet, the GSM/GPRS network or an ac-
cessible telephone socket. Data are sent through these to a
selected database server.
In principle, any type of consumption meter can be connected to
the system, as long as it is radio-based or has a pulse output:
Heat cost allocators measuring the heat emission
from the individual radiator
Heat energy meters used to measure the
district heating supplied
Electricity meters
Water meters
Comfort meters for measuring room temperature,
outside temperature and ventilator system temperature
Humidity meters
Selected data can be collected from the server to provide an
overview of the energy consumption in every kind of building,
enabling the customer to make an active effort to reduce the
energy consumption in order to make an active effort reducing
the energy consumption.
Test results
The measuring results for The Danish Society of Engineers
Building provided food for thought. First of all, the measure-
ments revealed that the temperature was not lower at night.
The temperature never dropped below 20.5 C and in one part
of the room it never dropped below 22.5 C. The assumption
was that the temperature dropped to 16C, but the measure-
ments showed that none of the comfort meters went below 21
C, and the average temperature was 22.5 C. If the tempera-
ture had dropped to 16 C at night, the average temperature
at night would have been approx. 18 C.
In other words, the energy consumption was 24 % higher than
it should have been.
As a solution, the heat emission from the radiators was there-
fore reduced, but the room temperature did not drop cor-
respondingly. To achieve a lower temperature at night, it was
therefore necessary to work out when the return tempera-
ture to the radiators should be reduced. However, if the return
temperature to the radiators is regulated solely on the basis
of the outside temperature, an important factor is missing, i.e.
the electricity consumption, as a significant part of the heating
may conceivably be generated by electricity-consuming equip-
ment. It may thus be necessary to introduce control which is
not only dependent on the outside temperature, but also on
the electricity consumption.
It is possible to reduce the energy consumption by lowering the
return temperature to the radiators at night. A reduction of
the temperature at night to 16 C results in an average tem-
perature of approx. 18 C, which can produce an energy saving
of approx. 24 per cent.
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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Daily status monitoring

The monitoring of a rooms interior climate status
round the clock makes it possible to adjust the
heat consumption pattern and produces greater
awareness of the heat emission from electric-
ity-consuming equipment, e.g. in connection with
heating. When can the heating be turned down/off?
When is the latest for turning on the heating in or-
der to achieve the desired temperature level be-
fore the employees turn up for work?

A unique system
The radio-transmitted wireless heat cost allocator
system is unique in allowing the energy consump-
tion for the individual heat source to be related to
the comfort achieved in the form of temperature,
air humidity and ventilation. This information makes
it possible to monitor the heat energy emitted by
the individual radiator continuously and thus de-
tect banal functional faults such as defective ra-
diator valves or radiators emitting too much or too
little heat.

MAKING MODERN LIVING POSSIBLE

Free Access Intelligent Dialog

Danfoss offers a range of advanced
electronic controllers enabling remote
monitoring, control and additional
service of district heating systems
Intelligent solutions intelligent
communication
Danfoss district heating systems provide
the ultimate in control. We dont just supply
controllers, but unique software which
facilitates remote monitoring and control
of district heating systems. The Danfoss
communication solution services urban
areas with public buildings, commercial
buildings, housing neighbourhoods,
apartment blocks or rural communities.
Danfoss has and will supply the most
advantageous solution for you.
Learn more about the
Danfoss Communication Solutions on
www.dh.danfoss.com/comm-solutions

E-mail: heating@danfoss.com www.dh.danfoss.com

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22 Wireless mapping of the energy consumption of buildings

Future
Independent surveys have demonstrated potential savings in
the order of 2030 % in both office buildings and residential
properties in the form of blocks of flats. It should be noted
that these potential savings are in addition to the relatively
banal savings that can be achieved by ordinary adjustments.
The potential savings can, in principle, be divided into adjust-
ment-determined and behaviour-determined savings. Building
conditions and inappropriate building structures such as ther-
mal bridges, leaky weather strips in windows etc. are some of
the major contributors to energy inefficiency.
A new project is aiming to realise these potential savings, part-
ly through measures (adjustments) which can be implemented
immediately if they are identified, partly through technology-
based measures such as new controls, etc. which require some
product maturing.
The purpose of such a project is to improve the operation of
the heating systems in buildings by developing and demon-
strating model-based methods of energy saving, effect reduc-
tion and better management of building (cooling, comfort and
energy supply).

For further information and techni-

Knowledge taking people further
cal background material please contact:

Brunata A/S
Att.: Mr. Jens Peter Fisher Hansen
Vesterlundvej 14
DK-2730 Herlev

Phone: +45 7777 7000

Fax: +45 7777 7001
brunata@brunata.dk

Or visit our website www.brunata.dk or

www.brunata.com

Solar heating---

International energy consulting

Energy planning Outlining the future
Renewable energy A sustainable development

see all
District heating and cooling Security of energy supply
Power production and distribution Meeting a growing demand

members
Energy management Increasing energy efficiency

of dbdh
Rambll, Teknikerbyen 31, DK-2830 Virum, Denmark
Tel +45 4598 8300, Fax +45 4598 8535, www.ramboll.com

on pages 30-31

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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DBDH welcomes new member

Danish Technological Institute and district heating technology
Danish Technological Institute, DTI, employs more than 850
people, and including 140 specialists the institute Denmarks
largest provider of RD&D and technological services within
the area of energy.
Training courses
DTI carries out series of training courses in different district
heating topics such as user installations, measurements and
regulation. The Institute also conducts seminars, project days
and conferences dealing with current district heating topics.

Annually, the Institute handles more than 14,000 assignments
for clients, and on an annual basis 38,000 people participate in
training courses and conferences. At the same time, DTI par-
ticipates actively in national and international programmes, e.g.
the European Commissions Framework Programme to develop
new tools and concepts for energy efficiency. For many years,
DTI has been an active partner within the district heating trade.
The laboratories have a number of specialists employed with
the knowledge and experience of district heating, and together
with other specialists the Institute is among one of the leading
district heating institutes internationally. Moreover, experience
is based on the participation in many R & D projects related to
district heating.
Consultancy
DTI offers knowledge and consultancy in most of the district
heating technological fields, e.g. Demand Side Management,
energy savings, maintenance, control in district heating plants,
microbial corrosion in district heating systems, renewables
and emissions.
Testing and inspection
DTI has accredited test facilities for a series of district heating
components. With the wide range of laboratories and equipment,
the Institute also offers special testing of district heating
components and systems e.g. pre-insulated pipes.
Calibration
District heating meters are tested and calibrated at the Primary
Laboratory for Water Flow of Denmark located at DTI . The
Institute, as the only one in Europe, carries out on site calibra-
tion of large district heating meters of up to a diameter of 1000
mm, using LDV technology.

Consultants: Energy, Water and Environment

Together we can make the world a better place. District heating
As one of the worlds leading consultancy com- Co-generation
panies it is our obligation to give you optimised Energy efficiency
solutions with respect to your individual needs. Boiler plants
Consumer installations
Read more at www.grontmij-carlbro.com Water systems
JI and CDM projects

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7 www.dbdh.dk
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DBDH member company profile
Grontmij | Carl Bro
Located beautifully in the woods in the
outskirts of Copenhagen, Grontmij|Carl
Bro is part of the Dutch company
Grontmij, one of the largest players in
the European consultancy market. The
company offers consultancy services
within the spheres of building, con-
struction, water, the environment, en-
ergy and industry, and are represented
in the Netherlands, Denmark, the UK,
Germany, Belgium, Poland, Ireland, Swe-
den and Vietnam, among others.
District heating
Over the last 25 years Grontmij|Carl
Bro has been a consultant in all aspects
of the district heating implementation
process: planning, design, supervision
and administration.
Looking at the three main points in the
energy policy: competitiveness, security
of supply and environmental impact, dis-
trict heating has proven its strengths
on the two last mentioned areas, and is
challenged today especially on competi-
tiveness. This means that district heat-
ing systems must be optimized continu-
ously in all aspects. Therefore, in order
to asses any possible improvement
opportunities, Grontmij|Carl Bro has,
among other things, participated in the
development of benchmarking for the
district heating sector internationally.
Grontmij|Carl Bro has worked with dis-
trict heating system since 1980 as one
of the largest consultants in the field.
One of the largest customers has been
the Western Copenhagen Transmission
company VEKS, where Grontmij|Carl
Bro had a leading part in the planning,
design, tendering, supervision and com-
missioning of the entire system.
The latest development on the Danish
scene is that district heating is super-
seding areas supplied by natural gas.
Peter Sonne, Project Manager, reports
of the fact that right now district heat-
ing pipes are being uncoiled in areas of
Western and Northern parts of greater
Copenhagen. These projects involves
Grontmij|Carl Bro and another large
engineering company (also a member of
DBDH), Ramboll, as consultants. Parallel
with these new projects, adjustments
and improvements of existing systems
are continuously ongoing. One example
is the main pumping station in the VEKS
system in Rdovre where new pumps
were installed. As Peter Sonne says,
the situation of consumption, distribu-
tion and supply is changing constantly.
Technical and administrative adjust-
ments have to follow up.
Grontmij|Carl Bro also provides consul-
tancy to the district heating companies
regarding energy savings which have
been imposed upon the district heating
sector since 2006.
District cooling is a hot topic these
years, both in order to be able to deliver
an environmentally sound solution and
also to increase the utilization of the
district heating system.
E N E R G Y
Therefore Grontmij|Carl Bro sees dis-
trict cooling as a natural part of the
utility system palette and through which
the company can offer frontline tech-
nology.
Grontmij|Carl Bro and
district heating internationally
Since 1990 the company has enhanced
their activities to Eastern Europe and
Asia where all kinds of projects have
been undertaken related to design of
new systems as well as rehabilitation of
existing systems.
These years Grontmij|Carl Bro is deeply
involved in projects in Romania. Among
the most significant clients are the dis-
trict heating company of Bucharest, RA-
DET, and the municipality of Bucharest,
which recently commenced an energy
strategy project.
One of the exemplary relations has been
to Kozani, Greece. Seven years after
commissioning of the district heating
system, Grontmij|Carl Bro was asked
to assist review and updating the sys-
tem activities, as the town development
then required the district heating sys-
tem to apply to large system technol-
ogy. An eight-point development plan
was drafted which included strengthen
of the transition pipe system hydraulic
network analysis, main pumps, customer
relations, tariffs, systems assistance
to contract negotiations with the CHP
plant. During the last 6 years the activ-
ity plan has been implemented and new
issues have been initiated. The latest ac-
tivity between Kozani and Grontmij|Carl
Bro was a feasibility study about district
cooling. The relation to Kozani is also ex-
emplary because Grontmij|Carl Bro co-
operates closely with local consultancy
companies.
Mr. Peter Sonne,
Project Manager,
Grontmij | Carl Bro
A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

Grontmij|Carl Bro and
The environment
One area in which Carl Bro is very in-
volved is the area of environment. The
company is at the front when it comes
to everything regarding climate change;
environmental impact, JI and CDM
projects. Grontmij|Carl Bro has estab-
lished a climate change task force as
this issue involves a variety of exper-
tise to the subject from a large number
of departments. According to Peter
Sonne, the environmental engagement
and involvement can be divided into two
headlines:
1. Energy savings, emission and CO2 re-
ductions and
2. Climate change related subjects,
which focus on the impact from the
climate change, like flooding, drought,
wind etc.
Additional information
For further information about
Grontmij | Carl Bro A/S
please visit www.grontmij.com.
www.dbdh.dk
Vesterbrogade 6D, 9th floor DK-1620 Copenhagen V Tel.: (+45) 33 32 17 11 Fax: (+45) 33 32 19 10 www.ees.dk
EPD - DBDH Annonce 185mm x 65mm_rev.indd 1
J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7
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Grontmij is Europes fifth largest consultant engineering company in terms of turn-
over and the sixth largest in terms of the number of employees. The groups total
turnover is EUR 720 million and the number of employees is approximately 7000. In
Denmark alone Grontmij | Carl Bro employs around 1200 employees. The group ex-
ports a broad range of consultancy services, organises international projects and
has project offices across the world.
Goal The goal of Grontmij | Carl Bro is to create value for the customers. For this
reason, the staff consists of individuals with various professional backgrounds. In
addition to engineers, there are economists, biologists, geologists, computer sci-
entists and legal experts. Grontmij | Carl Bro wishes to be seen as an attractive
and responsible workplace that retains its employees through offering professional
challenges, training and a personnel policy that provides scope for flexible, individu-
ally adapted solutions.
Across borders Employing about 6300 employees in more than 80 offices world-
wide, Grontmij creates bright solutions that are both meaningful and functional.
Grontmijs international and national advisory services require innovative thinking
and cultural understanding. Therefore, the employees enhance their abilities by rep-
resenting Grontmij | Carl Bro locally and working internationally.
The framework Project-based work forms the core of the organisation. The cre-
ativity, expertise and experience of our employees in cooperation with our custom-
ers form the basis of an effective and efficient working method. Grontmij | Carl Bro
is a flexible, dynamic network organisation and encourages an intensive exchange of
expertise, know-how and capacity.
One-Stop Event Management
Export Promotion Denmark has delivered at more than
600 international promotions and exhibitions in 80 countries since 1975
Albania Algeria Angola Argentina Australia Austria Azerbajdjan Belarus Belgium
Bosnia Brazil Bulgaria Canada Chile China Colombia Cte dIvoire Croatia Cuba
Czech Republic Denmark Egypt England Estonia Finland France Germany Ghana
Greece Holland Hungary India Iran Iraq Israel Italy Japan Jordan Kazahkstan
Ke n y a K u w a i t L a t v i a L e b a n o n L i b y a L i t h u a n i a M a l a y s i a M e x i c o M o n g o l i a
Morocco Myanmar New Zealand Nigeria Norway Oman Peru Poland Por tugal
Quatar Romania Russia Saudi Arabia Scotland Singapore Slovakia South Africa
S o u t h Ko r e a S p a i n S w e d e n S w i t z e r l a n d S y r i a Ta i w a n T h a i l a n d Tu r k e y U g a n d a
U k r a i n e U n i t e d A r a b E m i r a t e s U n i t e d S t a t e s Ve n e z u e l a V i e t n a m Ye m e n Yo g o s l a v i a
Export Promotion Denmark
05-12-2007 14:33:28
www.dbdh.dk
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dbdh co-operation
Sustain, Energize and Grow
By Mr. Robert Smith, Chair, International District Energy Association
The whole world is talking about energy, climate change and
sustainability. Denmark has long been at the forefront of the
discussion, as over the past 30 years it has become one of the
worlds leaders in renewable energy technology and conserva-
tion. DBDH has contributed by serving as a leader in district
energy and combined heat and power, bringing technical knowl-
edge and product resources to bear on energy efficiency and
sustainability throughout the country and around the world.
Although the United States, admittedly, has been slower to
embrace some energy issues, the situation is changing. The
International District Energy Association (IDEA), established
in 1909, has long been a voice promoting energy efficiency and
the need to protect our environment. We sense a stronger mo-
mentum and support than ever before for using district energy
and CHP to reduce the collective carbon footprint and ensure a
sustainable energy future. The discussion has finally moved from
industry trade journals to The Wall Street Journal.
For Americans, it is now about more than just about sticker
shock at the gas pump: People are becoming better educated
on energy and environmental matters. The knowledge is reaching
all age groups and walks of life, and the issues are not going to
disappear. This presents a great opportunity to tout district
energy and CHPs success stories, stories that spread the word
about solutions that exist and can be implemented without
further delay.
Time is right for renewables
Energy consultant Paul Weinberger recently shared with me
that the United States was essentially energy independent in
1950; today, we rely on imports for as much as two-thirds of the
petroleum and about one-third of the total energy we consume.
Where is our energy future? Is it nuclear power? Although there
have been some improvements, commercial nuclear technology
remains essentially unchanged from 30 years ago. Are fuel cells
the answer? This technology was demonstrated as far back as
1839. Efforts have been under way for more than three dec-
ades to develop practical fuel cells for both stationary power
and transportation applications, but widespread commercial
markets have yet to appear.
Photovoltaic, wind, solar and other renewables technologies
have made impressive gains over the past few decades in the
U.S., but even these advances can largely be described as incre-
mental. What has made these and other nontraditional energy
technologies more economically attractive in the U.S. is that
they are now competing with vastly higher conventional energy
costs, with the expectation that future regulatory requirements
may further narrow the gap.
We are definitely living in a time of major change. It is a time when
mankinds collective activities have bumped up against two global
limitations: (1) the depletion of finite energy resources and (2)
the ability of our surroundings to absorb the consequences of
our energy use. Sources like the International Energy Agency
say that global carbon dioxide emissions have increased more
than 20 percent over the last decade, and industry experts say
this will be 2-1/2 times the level by 2050.
It is indisputable that mankind has substantially affected our
environment, both locally and globally, and while the earth is
amazingly resilient, we cannot continue on this path indefinitely.
Some say the single greatest challenge of this century will be
to reverse the effects of global warming. District energy and
CHP can play a significant role, but more of us have to spread
the word and tell the story.
Impact over the generations
There is a aative American philosophy called the Seven
Generations Rule that is worth contemplation. It essentially
requires that decisions be made based on consideration of how
the consequences of actions will make their impact over seven
generations. Our goal and the goal of all who feel any sense of
obligation to succeeding generations should be to achieve a
responsible balance between the economic and social benefits
of energy use and its environmental impact. This will require a
long-range energy strategy that is sustainable with respect to
our consumption of finite resources and also to the burdens we
place on our environment.
At least three key issues are at stake:
1. Conservation. How can we promote economic
growth without being wasteful?
2. Efficiency. How can we get the most out of the energy
we must use?
3. Environmental stewardship. How can we achieve and
maintain a prosperous lifestyle without further degrading
the planet?
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

These issues are well-understood and have been successfully
addressed in many countries, including Denmark. The countrys
success in developing alternative energy sources, for instance, is
an example for the world. Denmarks leadership made headlines
in the U.S. when it was featured in a November 2006 Fox News
story, which pointed out that the country could stand to teach
the U.S. a few lessons when it comes to alternative energy. Fox
News reported that renewable sources account for a greater
share of Denmarks energy consumption every year. Since the
oil crisis of the 1970s, Denmark has worked tirelessly to advance
technologies such as wind power, solar energy, geothermal, and
the burning of waste products and biomass in combined heat
and power systems.
For the world in general, the good news is that there is suf-
ficient technology in hand and knowledge of effective efficiency
and conservation measures to at least start down the path
towards sustainability; the bad news is that, at least so far, not
all countries have had the will or the means to do so.
There is no single magic bullet to solve all our energy problems.
Each option, from nuclear to renewables, has its own advan-
tages, disadvantages and inconveniences. However, a serious
commitment to a portfolio of relatively modest initiatives
including district energy and CHP can collectively make a
huge difference.
The U.S. will have to increase its proportionate use of renew-
able and other nontraditional energy sources, as well as devise
ways to use its large coal and nuclear resources in a more
environmentally benign manner. However, energy conservation
and lifestyle changes can have the largest near-term beneficial
effect.
International District Energy Association
With headquarters outside of Boston, Massachusetts,
USA, the 1,000-member IDEA was founded in 1909 and
comprises district heating and cooling executives, manag-
ers, engineers, consultants and equipment suppliers from
22 countries. Headed by President Robert P. Thornton, its
core mission is to support the growth and utilization of
district energy as a means to conserve fuel and increase
energy efficiency to improve the global environment. www.
districtenergy.org
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Automotive fuel economy standards will have to change:
Approximately half the current petroleum consumption in the
U.S. is for gasoline and diesel fuel. Waste heat utilization must
improve too. About two-thirds of the energy used in the U.S. in
thermal cycles to generate electricity is rejected as waste heat;
greater utilization of this thermal energy for useful purposes
(e.g., industrial processes, space heating/cooling, aquaculture)
in combined heat and power systems is very beneficial, as DBDH
and IDEA members already know.
In the U.S. and beyond, the focus should be on sustainability how
to manage finite resources, use them wisely and not further
degrade our planet. In some countries it will require a major at-
titude adjustment, more so than technological breakthroughs,
to make this happen.
Reflecting this focus, IDEAs overarching theme for 2007-2008
is Sustain, Energize, and Grow. Our organization is emphasizing
efficiency, the environment and economic balance. And if we do
so effectively, we will energize and grow the district energy and
CHP industry and our association.
The time to endorse the positive benefits of district energy
particularly those that embrace combined heat and power,
renewable fuels and environmental balance is now. There are
incredible new systems being constructed all over the world,
and right here in the U.S. there is a great need to renew, rebuild,
and revitalize aged and inefficient energy infrastructure. The
opportunities have never been better, and IDEA is committed to
working with DBDH and other industry professionals around the
world to capitalize on these opportunities together.
Robert Smith is serving as the 2007-2008 chair of the U.S.-based
International District Energy Association. Smith is vice president of
RMF Engineering, a Baltimore, Maryland-based consulting engineering
firm specializing in the analysis, planning and design of complex buildings
and campus utility generation and distribution systems. He has been an
IDEA member since 1995 and has served on the associations board of
directors since 2002. He may be reached at rdsmith@rmf.com.
www.dbdh.dk
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NEWS LATEST NEWS LATEST NEWS LATEST NEW

DISTRICT HEATING SECTOR

VISIT IN VORONEZH
In the beginning of November, eight DBDH companies partici- Also included in the district heating sector visit was a round
pated in a district heating sector visit to Voronezh, Russia. The table meeting at the Regional Administration. During the
visit was arranged in close cooperation with the Danish Em- meeting an introduction were given to the existing district
bassy of Moscow and the Regional Administration of Voronezh. heating systems in Voronezh and some of the challenges the
The Danish delegation was headed by the Danish Ambassador region is facing: Approximately 600 boiler stations need to be
Mr. Per Carlsen, and Mr. Anders Hasselager, Senior Policy Advi- renovated or exchanged, and will in future be fuelled by natural
sor from the Danish Energy Agency. DBDH participated with a gas instead of coal and oil. An entirely new power plant is to be
representative group of our member companies: APV, Aalborg constructed.
Engineering, Broen, Danfoss, Kamstrup, Logstor, Vestforsyning
& 7-Technologies. Please visit our website (www.dbdh.dk) where you can read
much more about the event. It is also possible to download the
The visit included a Russian-Danish conference on energy seminar program and all the presentations.
savings and energy efficiency as well as a Danish exhibition,
in which the Russian guests were invited to meet the Danish
companies for individual business talks during the breaks of
the conference. Also the Acting Governor, Mr. Leonid Selitren-
nikov, the Vice Governor Mr. Alexander Tsapin, and the Danish
Ambassador Mr. Per Carlsen took time to visit all the stands
and get a brief talk with the Danish representatives. More
than 150 guests from the district heating sector in Voronezh
were present during the conference and during the networking
breaks. By the end of the conference, DBDH hosted a farewell
reception for all participants in the seminar. Delicious Russian
specialties were served, and the talks between Russian and
Danish business partners went on lively. In Moscow, parts of the Danish delegation visited the Red Square.

Please receive our Seasons greetings

And best wishes for a

happy
Senior Policy Advisor Mr. Anders Hasselager; Export Manager Ms. Pia
Zimmermann; The Acting Governor Mr. Selitrennikov, the Vice Gover-
New Year
nor Mr. Alexander Tsapin, and the Danish Ambassador Mr. Per Carlsen
visited the Danish exhibition. Here with Mr. Bent Have Johnsen, Aalborg
Engineering.

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
TEST NEWS LATEST NEWS LATEST NEWS LATESt
WS LATEST NEWS LATEST NEWS LATEST NEWS LATEST NEWS P
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ANNUAL MEETING OF THE POLISH

DBDH IN BEIJING
Together with the Confederation of Danish Industries, Danida
and the Danish Embassy in Beijing, DBDH organized the event
Sino-Danish Energy and Environment Forum in Beijing on the
10th of September.
DISTRICT HEATING ASSOCIATION
From 16-19 September, DBDH participated in the annual meet-
ing of the Polish district heating association (the 11th IGCP
Forum) in Miedzyzdroje. The meeting included a conference and
a concurrent exhibition.

The morning session primarily focused on district heating and This year the conference had seven themes:

co-firing CHPs, whereas the afternoon session focused on sus- New energy regulations

tainable city solutions. Around 150 persons from all over China Promotion of district heating

participated in the event. Not only representatives from min- Emission reductions

istries, associations and companies adjacent to Beijing joined; Co-generation

the seminar also included participants from Heilong jiang, Renewable energy sources

Shandong, Henan, Tianjin, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia. Energy efficiency

Speakers touched on the subjects of introducing biomass into Security within the district heating system

coal-fired CHPs as well as how to build up sustainable cities in

China. China has many ambitious targets for reaching a bet- The opening and the first theme included the presentation

ter environment simultaneously keeping the energy level high and panel participation of the Polish Minister for Energy and

to feed the express economic development in China. From the Economy. The district heating sectors opportunities regard-

Danish side, the Minister for Environment H.E. Connie Hede- ing renovating old plants and systems and increasingly using

gaard gave a speech on the Danish achievements of experi- biomass were pronounced important areas of a high priority.

encing approx. 70 % economic growth without consuming more

energy over the last 30 years.

District
humor

DBDHs Managing Director, Mr. Jes B. Christensen and the Danish

Minister for the Environment, Ms. Connie Hedegaard

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7 www.dbdh.dk
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List of members
Aalborg Engineering A/S Phone +45 9631 3950 Fjernvarme Fyn Phone +45 6547 3000
Supplier of boilers and boiler systems Fax +45 9631 3951 Municipal district heating supply Fax +45 6547 3001
ae@aalborg-engineering.dk kontakt@fjernvarmefyn.dk
www.aalborg-engineering.com www.fjernvarmefyn.dk

ABB A/S Phone +45 4450 4450 Focus Energy A/S Phone +45 9714 2022
Monitoring and control for Fax +45 4450 4311 Biomass-based boiler systems Fax +45 9714 2686
district heating networks abb@dk.abb.com post@focusenergy.dk
www.abb.com www.focusenergy.dk

Albertslund Fjernvarme Phone +45 4364 8692 Forsyningen Esbjerg Kommune Phone +45 7614 2414
District heating company Fax +45 4364 3888 Municipal district heating supply Fax +45 7614 2511
michael.poulsen@albertslund.dk forsyningen@esbjergkommune.dk
www.esbjergkommune.dk

APV Phone +45 7027 8444 GJ Teknik A/S Phone +45 6253 2346
Plate heat exchangers Fax +45 7632 4110 Solar heating plants and systems Fax +45 6253 1929
per.f.hedegaard@invensys.com mail@g jteknik.dk
www.apv.invensys.com www.g jteknik.dk

Broen A/S Phone +45 6471 2095 Grontmij | Carl Bro Phone +45 4348 6060
Ballomax valves Fax +45 6471 2195 Consulting engineers and planners Fax +45 4348 6660
broen@broen.dk cbg@carlbro.dk
www.broen.com www.carlbro.com

Brunata A/S Phone +45 7777 7000 Grundfos A/S Phone +45 8750 1400
Heat cost allocators, heat meters, Fax +45 7777 7001 Submersible pumps, centrifugal Fax +45 8750 1490
water meters and heat and water brunata@brunata.dk pumps and circulators tkynden@grundfos.com
accounting service www.brunata.com www.grundfos.com

BWSC Phone +45 4814 0022 Houe & Olsen A/S Phone +45 9619 5300
Heat & power plant developer, turnkey Fax +45 4814 0150 Consulting engineers specialising in Fax +45 9619 5311
and operation contractor sales@bwsc.dk geothermal energy ho@houe-olsen.dk
www.bwsc.dk www.houe-olsen.dk

Cowi Phone +45 4597 2211 Huhnseal ApS Phone +45 4390 4720
Consulting engineers and planners Fax +45 4597 2212 Mechanical seals Fax +45 4390 4775
cowi@cowi.dk huhnseal@huhnseal.dk
www.cowi.dk www.huhnseal.dk

CTR Phone +45 3818 5777 Hydro-X A/S Phone +45 9828 2111
Metropolitan Copenhagen Fax +45 3818 5799 Boiler water treatment Fax +45 9828 3021
Heating Transmission Company ctr@ctr.dk info@hydro-x.dk
www.ctr.dk www.hydro-x.dk

Danfoss A/S Phone +45 7488 2222 Kamstrup A/S Phone +45 8993 1000
Heating controls, metering Fax +45 7449 0949 Supplier of energy meters & automatic Fax +45 8993 1001
and pump speed control danfoss@danfoss.com meter reading systems for heat, cooling, energi@kamstrup.dk
www.danfoss.com water and gas www.kamstrup.com

Desmi A/S Phone +45 9632 8111 Korsr Forsyning A/S Phone +45 5836 2500
Pumps and pump systems for Fax +45 9817 5499 Municipal district heating supply Fax +45 5836 2501
transmission and distribution desmi@desmi.com info@korsoerforsyning.dk
networks www.desmi.com www.korsoerforsyning.dk

DONG Energy Phone +45 7622 2301 Kbenhavns Energi Phone +45 2795 2750
Fax +45 7622 1980 Copenhagen Energy Fax +45 2795 2012
market@dongenergy.dk ke@ke.dk
www.dongenergy.dk www.ke.dk

DTI
Phone +45 7220 2000 Logstor A/S Phone +45 9966 1000
info@teknologisk.dk Preinsulated transmission Fax +45 9966 1180
www.teknologisk.dk and distribution pipes lr@logstor.com

Energi Randers Phone +45 8911 4811 OKR Cleaning ApS Phone +45 8692 4422
Energy company producing and selling Fax +45 8911 4800 Boiler cleaning Fax +45 8692 2919
heat and power energiranders@energiranders.dk okr@email.dk
www.energiranders.dk www.okrcleaning.dk

Energi Viborg A/S Phone +45 8929 2929 Rambll Phone +45 4598 6000
Municipal district heating supply Fax +45 8929 2939 Consulting engineers and planners Fax +45 4598 6700
energi@energiviborg.dk ramboll@ramboll.dk
www.energiviborg.dk www.ramboll.dk

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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7-Technologies A/S Phone +45 45 900 700 Vestforbrnding Phone +45 4485 7000
Quality software for profitable Fax +45 4590 0701 Power and heat supply based on Fax +45 4485 7001
operation of industriel plants sales@7t.dk waste incineration vestfor@vestfor.dk
and utilities www.7t.dk www.vestfor.dk

Siemens Flow Instruments A/S Phone +45 7488 5252 Vestforsyning A/S Phone +45 9612 7319
Flow measurement Fax +45 7488 5250 Municipal district heating supply Fax +45 9612 7301
bent.vestergaard@siemens.com ss@vestforsyning.dk
www.siemens.com/flow www.vestforsyning.dk

Silhorko-Eurowater A/S Phone +45 8793 8300 Xergi A/S Phone +45 9935 1600
Pure water treatment info@eurowater.com Delivery and operation of turnkey Fax +45 9935 1699
www.eurowater.com energy and environmental plants xergi@xergi.dk
www.xergi.com

TVIS Phone +45 7594 0711 DBDH Phone +45 4355 0888
Heat transmission company tvis@tvis.net Secretariat Fax +45 4355 0889
of Denmarks triangle area. www.tvis.net dbdh@dbdh.dk
www.dbdh.dk

VEKS Phone +45 4366 0366

West Copenhagen Heating Fax +45 4366 0369
Transmission Company veks@veks.dk
www.veks.dk

Individual The installation of 57,000

Brunata heat cost allo-

heat metering
cators in apartments in
five Romanian cities has
delivered energy savings

makes sense of 24%.

Allowing households to
A recent project in Romania proves once control their heat con-
again that individual heat metering makes sumption and pay accord-
both environmental and financial sense. ingly is common sense.

Call us on tel.
+45 7777 7000 or visit
www.brunata.com to
learn more about Brunata
and the Phare project in
Romania.

After all who would not

want to make money by
making an effort for the
environment?

Brunata Futura+ the heat

Vesterlundvej 14
cost allocator of the future DK-2730 Herlev

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 0 7 www.dbdh.dk
 Im dreaming of a white Christmas
LOGSTOR is the worlds leading manufacturer of
energy-conserving pre-insulated pipe systems used in
district heating and cooling, and a wide range of oil,
gas, industrial and marine applications.
Using polyurethane foam of exceptional specifications
combined with a supremely effective diffusion barrier
on both flexible and straight pipes, LOGSTOR pre-
insulated pipe systems can help reduce energy losses
by as much as 25% compared to traditional district
heating pipe systems.
[ We document the difference ]
www.logstor.com
Irwing Berlin 1946
P i n d P r o m o t o r . d k 15904
for my grandchildren, too
Greenhouse gas emissions are an increasing threat to the cli-
mate of the world. It is predicted that they will cause average
global temperatures to rise by as much 1.4C by 2100.
The Kyoto Protocol came into force in February 2005, commit-
ting the 156 ratifying countries to cut their overall emissions of
carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulphur hexafluoride,
HFCs and PFCs by 5.2% (compared to 1990 levels) by 2012.
The EU countries, for example, must cut back on CO2 emis-
sions by 336 million tons each year in 20082012.
World Bank figures prove that the most effective way to brake
such CO2 emissions is CHP-based district heating using pipe
systems that keep energy losses to a minimum. In fact, more
than 50% of the EU emissions reduction targets can be achiev-
ed simply by doubling the coverage of district heating from
10% to 20%.