2016 3

1
2


3

.............................................................................5
.........................................................7
1.1 ..............................................................7
..............................8
....................................................9
............................................................9
..........................................10
..................................................10
...............................................10
............................................11
1.2 .................................................11
.............................................................11
.............................................................12
............................................12
............................................13
..........................................................14
.......................................................14
..................................................................14
.......................................................15
2.1 .................................................................15
2.1.1 ..........................................15
2.1.2 .....................................................15
2.1.3 .....................................................17
2.1.4 ...............................................17
2.1.5 &.............................................18
2.1.6 ..........................................18
2.1.7 ...............................................19
2.1.8 .....................................................19
2.1.8 .............................................19
2.2 .................................................................20
2.2.1 ................................................................20
2.2.2 ...............................................20
2.2.3 .............................................................20
2.2.4 ..........................................................20
.............................................................21
3.1 .................................................21
3.2 ....................................................22
.......................................................................22
...............................................................22
....................................................22

4
 .............................................................22
..................................................................23
3.3 .................................................................23
3.4 ............................................................24
3.4.1 ...............................................24
3.4.2 ...............................................26
3.5 .................................................27
.......................................................27
....................................................28
...............................................................29
.............................................................30
4.1 DIY.................................................................30
4.2 ............................................................31
4.3 .......................................................31
...................................................32
................................................................................. 34
...........................................................................35

1
2016 3 ,.
7


1.1

United Nations Population

Division International Organization

for Migration

16

19

19 20

1 4

500 40%

19

20

20

20

1970 1978

1990

6000

21

1950

1993

2002 58

15

08

10


1990

2013 6 5

87%

2014

60%

70%

11


130

1.2

2015

12


2013

90

13


2015

21966

2016 2

5 53

14


PM2.5 2014 90%

10% 80%

40

306%

15


16


2.1

2.1.1

11 5 18

2.1.2

17


1.

SCIENTIFIQUE

2.

18

18 8

18
 18

2.1.3

2.1.4

19
 2 2 2

3 10 5

(carte de residence)

39.5

119

2.1.5 &

2.1.6

20


()

2.1.7

2013

33

2.1.8

1981 1997 2008

2.1.9

21
22
 2.2

2.2.1

2.2.2

2.2.3

2.2.4

23


24

3.1

1.

2.

3.

4.

25


3.2

VISA

PRpermenant resident

PR

26


90

27


3.3

DIY

DIY

DIY

28
 3.4

3.4.1

29


3.4.2

30


31
 3.5

32


10%

33
 1 10

5 5

2013

34


35


4.1 DIY

DIY

DIY

1.

100%

2.

3.

50

36
 4.2

1.

2.

3.

4.3

DIY

37
 DIY

38


18

5 ( 5 ) 5

30

1.

2.

39


3.

4.

5.

6.

40


11

2003

41


42


43


44