2016 3

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.......................................................... 5
........................................... 7
1.1 ............................................... 7
........................ 8
....................................... 9
............................................. 9
................................ 10
...................................... 10
.................................... 10
.................................. 11
1.2 ...................................... 11
.............................................. 11
.............................................. 12
.................................. 12
.................................. 13
............................................ 14
.......................................... 14
.................................................. 14
.......................................... 15
2.1 .................................................. 15
2.1.1 ..................................... 15
2.1.2 ......................................... 16
2.1.3Tier 1 ............................................... 17
2.1.4Tier 2 ............................................... 19
2.1.5 10 .................................. 20
2.1.6 ....................................... 20
2.1.7 ............................. 21
2.1.8 ................................... 21
2.2 .................................................. 22
2.2.1 ................................................. 22
2.2.2 ..................................... 22
2.2.3 ............................................... 22
2.2.4 ............................................. 22
.............................................. 23
3.1 ...................................... 23
3.2 ........................................ 24
...................................................... 24
................................................ 24
........................................ 24
.............................................. 24
.................................................. 25

3
 3.3 .................................................. 25
3.4 .............................................. 26
3.4.1 ..................................... 26
3.4.2 ..................................... 28
3.5 ...................................... 29
.......................................... 29
........................................ 30
................................................ 31
.............................................. 32
4.1 DIY................................................... 32
4.2 .............................................. 33
4.3 .......................................... 33
....................................... 34
............................................................. 36
......................................................... 37

1
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1.1

United Nations Population Division

International Organization for Migration

16

19

19 20

500

7
 40%

19 20

20

20

1970
1978

1990

6000

2000

1950

1993

2002 58

15

08

1990

2013 6 5

87%

2014

60%

70%

130

10


1.2

2014

11


2013

90

2015

21966

12


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53

13


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10% 80%

40 306%

14


2.1

2.1.1

UK Ancestry Visa

18

18

17

1992

15


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18

16 ()

18

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18

16
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Life in the UK Test

2012 7 9

Life in the UK Test

2.1.3Tier 1

Tier 1

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Tier 1 Entrepreneur

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17
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20

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180

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18
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18

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19
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10

10 GAP 10

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10 180 10

540

LIFE IN UK B1

28

2.1.6

5 2011

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15

20
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2.1.7

3 2 5

2.1.8

21
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32
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34
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35


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2003

36


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