Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter provides information about the research methods being used throughout the

study. The methods being used aims to gather enough information from existing Credit

Guarantee Schemes and/or Credit Providers to be able to propose an enlightened framework for

an effective credit guarantee scheme program in Metro Cebu.

The first part of this chapter discusses the environment in which the study is conducted. It

will be followed by research subject then followed by the research instrument used for the study

that helps the researchers to obtain important the data to be used in the study. And Lastly, the end

of this chapter shows the research procedures that highlights data gathering process and how

those data are being treated.

Research Environment

The study aims to give enlightened framework for an effective Credit Guarantee Program

in Metro Cebu which is a booming metropolitan and has been known to be the fastest growing

large city in the nation in terms of annual economic growth. The study will identify existing

Credit Guarantee Schemes that are currently in Metro Cebu and to conduct a study in this

environment.

MSMEs compose the largest population and is the biggest employer sector thus making it

play a vital role in reducing poverty, creating jobs, and promoting inclusive economic growth in

Metro Cebu. Even with this large population and how greatly it affects the economic growth

therein, MSMEs in Metro Cebu had remained fragile, immature and undeveloped. MSMEs in the
area still have not realize their full potential and have not enhance their competitiveness in the

industry. The study will then cater on existing Credit Guarantee Schemes listed in Bangko

Sentral ng Pilipinas which plays an important role in part in helping MSMEs achieve their full

potential and making them be able to compete even with larger enterprises throughout Metro

Cebu. This would then lead the researchers to propose an enlightened framework for an effective

Credit Guarantee Program in Metro Cebu.

Research Respondents

The researchers discuss the sampling method to be applied and the selected respondents

in their study.

Sampling Method and Sample Selection. Sampling is a process used in statistical

analysis in which a predetermined number of observations from the respondent that will be taken

from a larger population of respondents. In selecting the Sample, the researchers find it

impossible for them to get hold of the total population of the credit providers in Metro Cebu

since even the Government does not have a master list of those credit providers.

Accordingly, the researchers have determined that the samples will be taken from the five

(5) Credit Guarantee Schemes in Metro Cebu that are listed in the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas

(BSP). The researchers made sure that the sample size taken from the population of respondents

would obtain enough information to represent the whole population. Even though there are

numerous other Credit Provider, the researchers selected five (5) Credit Guarantee Schemes

taken from the BSP which are the most known and used Credit Guarantee Providers of MSMEs

in Metro Cebu in order for it to represent the entire population.

 The five (5) Credit Guarantee Schemes selected by the researchers which are listed in the

Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas are the following:

1. Credit Surety Fund (CSF)

2. Quedan Corporation (QuedanCor)
3. Small Business Guarantee and Finance Corporation (SBGFC)
4. Philippine Export-Import (PhileEXIM) Credit Agency
5. Industrial Guarantee and Loan Fund (IGLF)

Research Instrument

The research instrument to be used by the researchers are Questionnaires. The researchers

determined five credit providers in Metro Cebu namely Credit Surety Fund (CSF), Quedancor,

Small Business Corporation (Sgbfc), PhilExim and The Industrial Guarantee and Loan Fund

(IGLF).

Questionnaires. These are set of printed or written questions to be given to Credit

Guarantors in Metro Cebu with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or

statistical study. The questionnaires compose of three parts which will examine the problems

stated in the first chapter.

Profiles of Credit Guarantee. The first part determines the demographic information of

the Credit Guarantee providers distinguishing the name of the institution, type of institution,

affiliations, years in operation, name of Credit Guarantee Scheme for MSMEs, number of

employees handling in Metro Cebu, clients, sectors to fund and reasons to give credit guarantee.

Credit Guarantee Practices. The second part looks into the practices of the Credit

Guarantee Scheme which overviews the Guarantee Fund Models that composes of Enterprise-

Oriented Guarantee Funds, Ex-Ante Guarantee Schemes, Ex- Post Guarantee Schemes, Funded
Scheme, Individual Guarantee Scheme, Institution- Oriented Guarantee Fund, Mutual Guarantee

Associations, Portfolio Guarantee Scheme and Unfunded Scheme.

Constraints. The third part of the questionnaire goes over the constraints experienced by

the Credit Guarantee Scheme. The constraints will be identified if it will happen before the

Credit Guarantee is obtain or if it will happen during the duration of the Credit Guarantee or after

the Credit Guarantee is being given to the borrower of the fund. Using the material, this will help

the researchers gather information and gives the researchers data to be analyzed and interpreted

to make satisfying results.

Interview. This seeks to describe and to further understand the meanings of the subject.

Its main task is to understand the meaning of what the respondents say. These tool is useful for

getting the story behind a participants experiences. The researchers can pursue in-depth

information around the topic and are useful as follow-up to certain respondents to further gain

more information from the respondents responses from the questionnaires.

Research Procedures

Data collection: The researchers selected Credit Guarantee Schemes which are obtained

from the list of Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP). From these selected Credit Guarantee

Schemes, the researchers have decided to give questionnaires to obtain the needed information

and will be followed up by interview in order to further investigate and gather more important

information.

Data Analysis. The researchers will analyze the data from the questionnaires and
interview using qualitative and quantitative data analysis, respectively.
 The ordinal data collected from the questionnaires are then being tabulated from the data
variables in the data. The researcher has then decided to use frequency distribution on the results
of the questionnaires given to the respondents and would then use narrative on the result of the
interview given.