BT15CME026 SIVA REDDY

BT15CME027 G. SHIVANI
BT15CME029 HATIM GHASIA
BT15CME030 HEMANT AGRAWAL
BT15CME031 HITENDRA PAGOTE
 EXPERIMENT NO. 7

IMPACT OF JET

Aim:

To study the effect of force on the flat plate vane with impact of jet .

Apparatus Required:

Impact of jet apparatus, weights and stop watch.

Theory:

The momentum equation based on Newtons 2nd law of motion states that the algebraic
sum of external forces applied to control volume of fluid in any direction equal to the
rate of change of momentum in that direction.

The external forces include the component of the weight of the fluid and of the forces
exerted externally upon the boundary surface of control volume.

If a vertical water jet moving with velocity V made to strike a target (Vane) which is
free, to move in vertical direction, force will be exerted on the target by the impact of jet.

Applying momentum equation in z- direction, force exerted by the jet on the vane, Fz is
given by

F = Q (Vzout- VZ in)

For flat plate, Vz out = 0

Fz = Q (0-v)

FZ = Qv

For hemispherical curved plate, vz out= -v, vz in= v

Fz = Q [v+ (-v)]
FZ = 2 Qv

Where Q= Discharge from the nozzle (Calculated by volumetric method)

V= Velocity of jet = (Q/A)

The set up primarily consists of a nozzle through which jet emerges vertically in such a way that
it may be conveniently observed through the transparent cylinder. It strikes the target plate or
disc positioned above it. An arrangement is made for the movement of the plate under the action
of the jet and also because of the weight placed on the loading pan. A scale is provided to carry
the plate to its original position i.e. as before the jet strikes the plate. A collecting tank is utilized
to find the actual discharge and velocity through nozzle.
 Impact of Jet

Procedure:

i. The apparatus was cleaned and all the tanks were made free from dust.
ii. The drain valves provided were closed.
iii. The desired vane was fixed on the apparatus
iv. 3/4th volume of tank approximately was filled with water and it was ensured that no
foreign particles were present.
v. It was ensured that all the switches given on the panel were switched off.
vi. The main power supply was switched on.
vii. The pump was switched on.
viii. The flow of water through the channel was regulated with the help of given flow placed
on the plate.
ix. The valve was controlled so that the applied weight on the top was counter balanced by the
impact of jet.
x. The flow rate was measured using measuring tank and stopwatch

Results & Discussion:

1. Impact of jet on vane was studied. This experiment demonstrates the principle of
conservation of linear momentum by measuring the force generated on a circular target
plate due to an impinging water jet and comparing the measured data with the
theoretical result.

2. The effect of force of jet on various types of vane can be calculated and compared
with the theoretical values and therefore the efficiency of jet can be measured.