Earths Atmosphere

Do Now Aim:
On a Separate How is Earths
Piece of Paper: atmosphere
Write your name. divided, and
why is the
Describe in atmosphere
detail 2 ways that
important?
weather can
impact you.
 Analyze the image to the left. Describe
the thickness of Earths atmosphere
compared to the Earth itself.

Earths atmosphere is broken down into 4 different layers.

Thermosphere

Mesospause
Mesosphere

Stratospause
Altitude

Stratosphere
Tropospause
Troposphere
 Why is each layer important?
1. Troposphere: Where we live.
All weather occurs
_______________________
clouds
Most _________ are present
2. Stratosphere: 2nd layer
____________is
Ozone layer humans
found in this layer (Protects ________from
____________)
UV radiation
3. Mesosphere: 3rd layer
Not much is known
4. Thermosphere( Ionosphere ): Outermost layer
Absorbs energy from Sun (X-rays, UV rays)
Aurora
_______forms from particle interaction with Suns rays.
 Ozone hole

Ozone layer
-A large hole in the _____________ over
Antarctica was discovered in the 1980s.
- This Ozone hole allowed for
__________
UV rays to pass through the
atmosphere and mutate cells of
living organisms (including
humans).

-1987: Every country in the United Nations

signed the Montreal Protocol to limit the use
of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

-CFCs (found in refrigerants and hairsprays)

interacts with ozone breaking apart the O3.
 Energy and Temperature
Do Now Aim:

Questions 1-5 on How does

pg 20. energy affect
the
temperature?
 Types of Energy
Notes, Pg. 3

Conservation of Energy: Energy is not created nor

destroyed- its converted from one form to another.
Kinetic Energy
______________: motion
Energy in __________
Potential Energy
_________________: stored
Energy ________ based on an objects
position
________.
Roller
Coaster
Heat/ Energy Transfer
There are three type of energy transfer:
Conduction
_____________: Direct transfer of energy when atoms
collide. Best in solids.
Convection
_____________: Transfer of energy through a fluid due to
differences in density.
Radiation
___________: Energy transferred by electromagnetic waves.
No medium needed. Can transfer through empty space.
Energy moves from high energy (source) to low energy (sink)
___________________________________________________
Try to obtain dynamic equilibrium.
In the diagram on the left
(top)
circle the source of heat.
Draw in red arrows in the
aluminum bar to show direction
of heat flow.
In the diagram on the left
(bottom)
Determine what the
temperature of each cup will
be once they reach
equilibrium. Write the
temperature beneath each cup.
 What is temperature?

movement of the molecules of a substance,

A measure of the average ______________________________
F, C, or K .
measured in ________________

**Temperature conversions are in your ESRT**

 Electromagnetic Energy
Do Now Aim:

Complete page 19, Why is

Questions 7-11. electromagnetic
energy
important for
humans?
 Electromagnetic energy
Incoming energy that
Electromagnetic energy: ____________
weather
drives Earths _________.
Sun
mainly from the _____.
All objects including our _____,
____________, Sun give off
electromagnetic radiation over a wide range of
wavelengths
_____________that make up the
Electromagnetic spectrum
______________________.
What is Electromagnetic
Radiation?
 wavelength
crest

Video review: trough

Speed of light
Electromagnetic waves travel at the _________________
(________________).
3.0 x 108 m/s
On the diagram to the left label Crest, Trough, and Wavelength.

Define Wavelength: Distance between crests

Define Frequency: # of crests that pass a certain point per

second.
 Relationship between temp. and
electromagnetic energy
Wavelength
proportional to the _____________.
: Energy is _____________
small wavelength = ________
_______ hotter
greater energy = ________.

Thinking Question:
Predict which candle is
hotter. Explain your
answer by discussing
wavelength and energy
 Pg. 14 of ESRT
Name the 7 different types of Electromagnetic radiation in
order of increasing wavelength.
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
Harmful to Humans?

What wavelengths are most harmful to humans?

___________
ultraviolet
Absorbs UV radiation. in the
Earths Atmosphere _____________________
___________
Ozone layer
 What happens to
Electromagnetic energy as it
enters Earth?
Reflection
__________
Refraction
__________
Absorption
__________
Scattering
___________

Why is the sky blue?

Describe the difference between Absorption, reflection and refraction
Complete pages 16 and 17
 Phases of Matter
Do Now Aim:

Complete How do can

Questions 8-12 on waters phase
page 17. changes impact
the temperature
of an area.
What happens during a phase change?
___________
Latent heat is gained or released.
gained energy.
Examples of _________
Solid to liquid
_____________: Melting
________
Liquid to gas
_____________: Vaporization
____________
Solid to gas
_____________: Sublimation
____________
releasing energy
Examples of ___________
_____________:
Gas to liquid _____________
Condensation

Liquid to solid
_____________: Freezing
_________
Gas to solid
_____________: Deposition
___________
 What changes does evaporation cause in
the atmosphere
gained (absorbed) as liquid
Potential energy is __________
Water vapor (gas)
water changes to __________________.

air cool .
Energy gained from _____. Causes air to _______

cooling process.
Evaporation is a __________

What changes does condensation

cause in the atmosphere?
released as water vapor changes to
PE is ___________
liquid water
_____________.
warming process.
condensation is a ____________
 What happens to
temperature during a
phase change?

Temp does NOT change

____________________________________
changes bonds temperature
All Potential Energy (PE) is used to _________________,
____________________.
doesnt change

break bonds between molecules.

gained Used to _________
PE is _________.
formed
released Bonds between molecules are __________
PE is ___________.
Temperature only changes after
_________________________________ a phase change, not during.
ESRT PG 1
 Dew Point and Relative Humidity
Do Now Aim:
Complete pg. 7. How does the
Dew Point and
Complete Pg. 14 and 15, Relative Humidity
Questions 1-7. relate to
atmospheric
moisture.
What is Dew Point?
temperature
Dew Point: ____________ needed for ____ condense
air to __________.

Example: Glass of ice water is cold enough to reach the dew point,
so condensation forms.
Dew point
__________ amount of water vapor (moisture) in the air
measures the _______________________________
 Human reaction to Dew Point
Humans react with discomfort to
high dew points

Thermoregulation: People sweat,

sweat evaporates, body cools.

At higher dew points, sweat does

not evaporate and the body
doesnt cool.

Low dew points = dry air.

Dry air causes skin to crack and

become easily irritated.
Respiratory paths dry out.
 Relative Humidity
Measurement
________________ water vapor
of how much ______________the
air
_____can hold at a certain temperature.
_______
saturation
represents how close the air is to __________.
filled
Saturated air: Air _______with water
________. Relative humidity =
100
____%
You need a RH of 100% to have rain form in clouds.
 How do we measure relative humidity?
Sling psychrometer
By using a __________________.

Dry bulb thermometer and wet bulb thermometer mounted

together.
actual temperature
Dry bulb tells _____________________.
_________
__________tells
Wet bulb Water evaporated
how much _____________________
decreases as water evaporates.
Temperature __________
Difference between two bulbs is indication of the amount
of water vapor in the air
 Lets Practice! Dew Point and Relative Humidity ESRT (Pg. 12)
Example 1: The temperature is measured to be 18C, while the wet bulb is
measured to be 12C. Determine the dew point and relative humidity

Dew Point = ________________

Dry Bulb = _____________
Relative Humidity = __________________
Wet Bulb = _____________

Difference between Dry & Wet bulbs = ________

Example 2: The relative humidity is 47% and the air temperature is 4C. What is
the dew point?

Dew Point = ________________

Dry Bulb = _____________
Relative Humidity = __________________
Wet Bulb = _____________

Difference between Dry & Wet bulbs = ________

Lets Practice!!!!!
 Pressure Systems and Wind
Do Now Aim: Agenda:

Finish Yesterdays lesson How do pressure 1. Do Now

systems affect air
motion. 2. Mini-lesson
Check HW
3. Video
4. Reading
5. Worksheet
High Pressure vs. Low
Pressure systems
Watch the video and fill in the chart as best you can.
 low pressure.
high to _____
Winds blow from ______
ow pressure
L H igh pressure
I nward air O utward air
C ounter C lockwise rotation
C lockwise rotation
High Pressure = Anti-cyclone Low Pressure = cyclone

Happy Weather Lousy Weather

Cool Dry Warm Moist

 Why do the winds curve?
Coriolis Force = ___________________________
______________ Apparent deflections of winds due to the
____________________.
rotation of the Earth
Curves to the right
Northern Hemisphere = _____________________.
Curves to the left
Southern Hemisphere = _____________________.