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 (d) What are the various types of plain carbon steel? List important mechanical properties and
their common industrial applications.
20
2. (a)

(b)

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3. (a)

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(b)
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4. (a)
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30

SECnONB
5. Answer any three of the following:
(a) During orthogonal machining with an HSS Tool, the rake angle was 50, the unreformed chip
thickness was 0. 2 5 mm and width of cut was 4 mm. Assuming shear strength of work
material to be 350 N/mm2 and coefficient of friction to be 0.5, estimate cutting force and
thrust force.
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20
(b) List various types of chips that are formed in cutting and the conditions in which they occur.
20
(c) Following is information regarding a manufacturing enterprise:
Total fixed costs= Rs. 4,500
Total variable costs= Rs. 7,500
Total sales= Rs. 15,000
Uru ts sold= 5, 00 0
Ftnd out

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(t) Break-even pomt m umts
(u)
(111)
(tv)
Profit
Volume of sales to earn a profit of Rs 6, 00 0
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(d) A work measurement study was conducted tn a manufactunng com any for 8 hours and
following observations were made:
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Idletime: 15%
Performance rating: 12 0%
Allowance tune: 12% of standard time
Number of units produced: 3 20
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Calculate the standard time for the task. ~
20
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6. (a)
x

(b) Prove that in ED

e ~ ing esistance-cap acitance relaxation circuit with a constant DC source,
for maximum p ' !fe ' v , the discharge voltage should be 72% of supply voltage.
.e

How is th MRR ted by variation in resistance, mean current, capacitance and spark
gap?
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M1 M1 M!! M4 MS
Ob
Jt 30 !7 40 28 40
J2 40 24 Z7 21 Stl
J3 40 S2 33 30 35
J4 25 58 to 36 36
JS 29 62 41 34 99
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 PAPi:~ mil
SEC110NA
I Answer any three of the following -
(a) With the help of Maxwell's relation of thermodynamics, prove

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coefficient, IJ.J of a gas is given by the foll owin~ expression:

~J=(~)k=~:[;(;)J ~0
(b) A 0 8 kg metal bar kept initially at !50 0C is removed sudden! y fro an o en and quenched

.c
by immersing it in a closed tank containing 12 kg of water keptiniti li 00C. The metal
and water can be modeled as incompressible and the specifi0 of ~ter and metal are 4.18
kJ/kg-K and 05 kJ!kg-K respectively. The heat transfer o tank may be neglected.
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Work out the following
20
~~umptions made
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Draw the system and system boundary
The final temperature of metal bar
The entropy produced
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(c) Draw the characteristic curves b etw the o ng parameters for an SI engine
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(i) Air standard efficiency v mp sion ratio
(u) Relative effictency vi~ ratio
(111) Brake thermal ef, ten vs oad
(tv) Volumetnc e~nv~ ngme speed
x

(v) Peak-e~ ature vs Equtvalence ratto

Dtscuss st gmfic~s n each case m the hght of destgn parameters
.e

45
(d) A rect cotp er plate I 0 em x 50 em, having a mass of I kg and at a temperature of
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I 0 C, st ded vertically in still air at 20 C so that 50 em side is vertical. Neglecting

feet, find heat transfer coefficient due to natural convection and initial rate of
of the plate in C/minute
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~J for copper= 38 3 Jlkg-K

\. -n?e properties of air at mean temperature 60C are
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p = 106 kg/m3, v = 18.97 x 10"6 m2/s

Pr = 0.696, Cp = 1.005 kJ!kg-K
k = 28.96 x 10"3 W/m-K
IJ. = 20.1 x 10"6 N-s/m2 .
You may use the following correlation:
Nu = 0.1 (Cr Pr) 113
Will the result change if I 0 em side is vertical? Why?
20

................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................:.:;
2. (a) A counterflow heat exchanger acting as a recup erator, of gas turbine receives compressed air
operating at steady state at 65 0 K, 12 bars and exits at 8 50 K, 11.6 bars. Hot combustion from
the exhaust of gas turbine enters as a separate stream at I 000 K, 1.1 bars and comes out at I
bar. The mass flow rate of each stream is 2 00 kg/s. The heat transfer from the outer surface of
the heat exchanger to surroundings may be neglected. The changes in kinetic and potential
energy are negligible. Take To = 228 K and Po = I bar. Assume ideal gas model for
combustion gas. Work out the following:
30
(i) Draw the system and show the temperature distribution for each stream
(ii) The exit temperature of combustion gas

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(iii) The net change in the flow energy rate from inlet to outlet for each stre
(iv) The energy distribution rate
(v) Comment on the results
(b) During summer to cool water for drinking purpose, 2 kg of ice G3t -3 tn an insulated

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container which is subjected to atrno spheric pressure of I bar.
Assume sp ectfic heat of tee ts 2 09 3 kJ!kg-K and I atent hea0 as ~ 5 kJ!kg Work out the
followmg

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,. 30
(1) Draw the system and showtheprocess r -Q'~ tce and water
n B
(u) The temperature of the mtxture
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(111) The change of entropy for mstant, usp c
3. (a) Derive an expression for air-fuel ratioR~by a simple carburetor, neglecting the effect
of compressibility Discuss the lim~~~~tmple carburetor. What are the modifications
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incorporated for its use in au~
tom~~ es? O+ IO+I
1 0
(b) A four-stroke petrol engin 30 kW at 2600 r.p.m. The compression ratio of the
engine is 8 and its fuel o is 84 kglh with calorific value of 44 MJ!kg. The air
consumption of the a . easured by means of a sharp edge orifice is 2m3 per mm. If
x

the ptston displa~vo ume ts 2 hters, calculate

6X 5
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(1) etnc ctency

- el ra'lio
i~....~~~ean effective pressure
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B - e thermal efficiency
~"'::!!ll. Relative efficiency
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e ambient temperature of air can be taken as 27C, R for air as 287 J/kg-K andy= 14. The
barometer reads 755 mm of mercury.
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4. A counterfoil, concentric tubes heat exchanger is designed to heat water from 20 'C to 80c
using hot oil flowing through the annulus. The oil temperature gets reduced from 160 'C to
140 C. The nominal diameter of the inner tube is 20 mm and the corresponding overall heat
transfer coefficient is 5 00 W/m2 - K. The heat transfer rate from the oil is 30 00 watts.
Determine the length of the exchanger. Because of fouling after some days the outlet
temperature of water reduced to 65 C for the same flow rates and same inlet conditions.
Determine the outlet temperature of oil, the fouling factor and the new heat transfer rate.
Sketch the heat exchanger arrangement and the temperature pro files.
30
 (b) The temperature of a gas flowing through a pipe was measured by a mercury-in-glass
thermometer, dipped in an oil-filled steel tube welded radially to the pipeline. The
thermometer indicates a temperature I ower than the gas temperature. How large is the error in
the temperature measurement if the thermometer reads 8 5 C and the temperature of the pipe
wall is 40 C? The steel tube is 125 mm long and has a 15 mm thick wall. The thermal
conductivity of this tube material is 56W/m-K and the local heat transfer coefficient between
the gas and the tube is 23-5W/m2 -K.
In what way the thermometric error can be reduced?

SECnONB

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5. Wnte any three of the foll owmg-
(a)
u
For flow through a compressor cascade, show that hft and drag coeffictenO;;ve
followmg expresstons '-J
20

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And CL=z(~)~~:-~(~)~:::~tan~ c;0 +

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C
D
=~(:..)col
C COS
a,.
2
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where

~C.,= Cw1 - Cw2

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a,= Mean flow angle

~=Total pressure lo s ~~ nt
(b) An ammonia ice plant op rate~iinple saturation cycle at the following/temperatures:
Condensing temp erator. ,.,_..,
x

Evaporation te~.i =y l5C

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It produces I 0 t~ ice per day at -5C from water at 30 C. If the COP of the system is
5, determt :
20
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ii M'ass flow rate of the refrigerant, kg/mm

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i~e: Isentropic discharge enthalpy. k.Jikg

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Cp = 4.187 k.Jikg-K for water = 2 00 0 kJ/kg-K for ice

Latent heat of fusion of ice = 335 kJ!kg
Sensible enthalpy at 40 C = 600 kJ!kg
Enthaipy of sat. vapour at -15 C = 1675 k.Jikg
(c) Explain the concept of effective temperature (ET) used in air-conditioning practice. Discuss
the parameters on which it depends.
20
(d) 2
A superheater is to be designed using metallic coils (heat flux !50 kW/m ) of inside diameter
50 mm and wall thickness 5 mm. The steam leaving the superheater coils is at 60 bars, 50 0C
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and flows at a velocity of I 0 m/s. If the steam mass flow rate is 90 kg/s, find the number and
length of coils.
For steam at 60 bars, take the following values-dry saturated steam h = 2784.3 kJ/ kg, at
500e superheated steam temperature= 3422.2 kJ/ kg and specific volume Vrop = 0.05665
m31kg. The steam enters the superheater as dry and saturated.
20
6. (a) A vee refrigerating machine using R-12 refrigerant pro duces I 0 tonnes of refrigeration at I 0
oe when the ambient is at 35e. A temperature difference of minimum 5e is required at the
evaporator and condenser for spontaneous heat transfer The refrigerant 1s dry satur~the
outlet and to the 1nlet of compressor The ad1abattc effic1ency of the compresso~ ....~ ~e

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enthalpy at the end of 1sentrop1c compression 1s estimated to be 370 kJ/ kg

:)eternu::p r
'-J
p 20

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(ii)

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(b) Explain cooling load estimation for comfort air-conditioning in the

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~ab:i~e concept of different Sensible Heat Factors (SHFs) and Importance m

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atr-condittonmg system
30
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7 :l'P n the concept of types of s1m1lanttes between model and prototype What do you mean
6y"d1storted model? What are 1ts advantages? It 1s proposed to des1gn a ship The proposed
ship (prototype) 1s havmg a length of !50 m and a wetted surface area of 2 00 0 m2 wtth a
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speed of 40 kmlh A model of I 2 0 1s to be tested m the I ab oratory at a velo a ty

correspondmg to the w<Ne resistance The total drag of the model 1s 50 N Deternune the
following:
15 + 25
(i) Wave resistance drag of the model
(ii) Wave resistance drag of the prototype
(iii) Friction drag of the prototype
Give,
 . . d I 2
Fncllon rag, R1 = -CIJPAV
2
where
A= Wetted surface area
CD =Average friction drag coefficient
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for Re < 2 x 101
=(Ret
0.0 I
for Re < 2 x I 01

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(Re/'
1=\oo<~>l = I 00 0 kglm3
l-Ime~> I= 1.110 x 10"6 m2 /s
3
1=\>r= =I 0 20 kg/m

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~ = 1.125 x 10"6 m2/s
(b) Define Rayleigh flow. Give one practical example of Ray! ~:- +

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Show that the Mach numbers at the maximum enthal~~um entropy points on the
Rayleigh line are }v and I. 0 respectively. ~
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8. (a) An axial flow compressor compresses th~ ;~all stagnation pressure I 0 bars with
overall stagnation isentropic efficiency. 8~The inlet stagnation pressure and temperature
are I bar and 30 0 K. The mean bl spee ti~ 00 ml s. The degree of reaction is 0. 5 at the
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mean radius with air angles of 0 I 0 at rotor inlet and outlet with axial direction

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resp eel! vely The work don~ 08 The hub -tip ratio 1s 0 4 The mass flow rate 1s 50
kgls Work out the followm'#

(1) Draw the !nle.-::i.=.~t velocity tnangles and show the compreSSion process on T~~
diagram~~=}.
x

(u) The stag a n 1 lytroph1c efficiency

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(lll) Th umb stages

(1v) e ade~e1ght m f1rst stage of the compressor
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(b)
Ks 0,0 er kW It meets the followtng demands
1 Serv1ce sector Total load 400 kW at 30% load factor
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N Cottage mdustnes Total load 36 MW at 50% load factor

(iii) Household: Total loads 6 MW at 20% load factor. The operative cost of the plant is
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Rs. 30,00,0 00 per annum and annual rate of interest and depreciation is I 0%. If as per
promotion policy of government, a flat rate is to be charged from all categories of
consumers, calculate the overall production cost. If the power is sold at the rate of
production cost estimate the loss/gain each sector consumer will get per kWh for
power consumed.
30