CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

A. Background

The birth of a baby is a time of happy parents, especially babies

are born healthy. Babies who will grow into adult children through
a long process, with the exclusion of family environmental factors.
Fulfillment of basic needs of the child (teaser-loving-custody) by
the family will provide the best environment for the child, so the
development of the child be as optimal as possible. But not all
babies born in good health. Some babies are born with the
disorder during prenatal, natal and postnatal. This situation will
give an impulse for further development of the child. (Saiffudin,
2006) The process of birth is influenced by pregnancy. In
pregnancy there is no interference, the expected normal birth
through the normal birth process, where the baby was born at
term, with energy expenditure and the mother straining bladder
contraction of the uterus without experiencing severe asphyxia or
birth trauma. (Goddess, 2010) At the time of childbirth, injury or
birth trauma is sometimes unavoidable and more often found in
labor disturbed by one of the causes. Handling of labor are
perfectly able to reduce the frequency of such events. Based on
Indonesia Health Profile 2006 AKI Indonesia is 307 / 100,000 live
births in 2002, while the IMR in Indonesia amounted to 35/1000
live births. The direct causes of maternal deaths are most
common in Indonesia is 28% hemorrhage, eclampsia 24%, and
11% infection. Cause of infant mortality is low birth weight
38.94%, 27.97% birth asphyxia. This shows that 66.91% of
perinatal mortality is influenced by the condition of the mother
during childbirth. (MOH, 2008) Abnormalities in the mother and
baby can occur at some time after birth even though normal
delivery. In general, normal infants born at term are the sole
responsibility of a midwife to the safety and also the mother in
normal labor. Currently maternal and infant mortality rate in
Indonesia is still very high and even the highest in Southeast Asia.
In Indonesia, according to calculations by CBS acquired AKI in
2007 amounted to 248 / 100,000 live births. As for IMR, based on
the calculation of the BPS, in 2007 obtained IMR 26.9 / 1,000 live
births. It makes the mother should be extra careful with her baby
in her care.

B. Composition Purpose

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1. General Purpose
That mothers who have children for very guarded treatment.

2. Special Purpose
In order to be haati mothers caring for their infants.
I understand how to care for the child properly.
You know which areas will be considered when treatment.
Mothers are always ready when the baby has a disease.

C. Benefits of Writing

More students can apply the knowledge that has been given
during a training during the lecture. And can perform basic skills
practice in the field. And mothers to be more careful in the care of
the baby so the baby feels comfortable and the baby was healthy
and did not have a condition that can harm the baby and her own
mother.

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 CHAPTER 2
DISCUSSION
2.1CareNewborns

Various Baby Care and how to care for babies from birth to toddler.
Having a healthy baby and funny is a dream for every mother in the
world, for it is as a mother we need to know a good treatment for the
development of the baby. For information Beautiful friend who has
become a mother I congratulate you because a friend has become a
perfect woman.

Caring for a baby is not something that is difficult and easy to do, it just
takes a little bit special expertise in treatment, such as patience,
thoroughness and compassion. For friends who will be mothers and not
knowing how to care for babies right and proper, companions can follow
the way of caring for a baby following:

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- Lifting Babies

For expectant mothers, raised baby is not something unusual thing to

do, especially if we do not have the slightest experience of the baby.
Therefore here is how to lift the baby is good and right.
Stand facing him, one hand down the head and neck, and the other
hand to a baby's bottom.
Lift slowly and gently toward your chest, then turn his head towards
the curve of the elbow, then prop the body with the arms of the mother.
When you put it, hold the head and this ass. Pull it first hand from the
buttocks, then pull the hand under the head.

- Bathing Babies

Bathing the baby is a difficult thing to do, especially if we do not have

the slightest experience to bathe the baby, for the mother needs to
know exactly how to bathe a baby right.
Before the mother bathing the baby, should prepare in advance all
bathrooms purposes, such as towels, soap, baby clothes to cosmetics
baby. After that prepare warm water (36 degrees - 37 degrees Celsius)
or warm in the elbow mother, and gradually deliver the baby clothes.
Bathing babies from the face, head, chest and others.
After that clean the eye area from the outside in by using a cotton
swab that has been moistened.
Wash of the head, face, neck, chest, arms, back, and consider a
district folds.
Use a shampoo on the head and body parts Soap baby using a
washcloth that has been moistened with warm water.
Afterwards, rinse with water to clean and dry using a soft towel.

- Caring Ropes Navel

For newborns, would still have the umbilical cord attached to the body,
for it I will give you information how to take care of the umbilical cord is
a good following.
After bathing, clean surroundings and the base of the umbilical cord
with gauze soaked in water, then drain and wrap back with new gauze.
The area of the umbilical cord should be kept dry and clean, do not
cover the area with a diaper.

- Changing Diapers

Changing diapers is easy, but it also takes a bit of skill to replace it,
because if it is not cleaned properly, the baby's skin will be scratched.
Change wet diapers every time.
Clear the first areas affected babies pee with clean water and dry with
a small towel or paper towel.
When dry, put powder in the groin area and the back to avoid skin

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abrasions.

-Sleeping Babies

A baby takes time to sleep 16 hours a day, with a restless night's sleep,
wake up several times interspersed. Babies do not have a sleep
schedule that remains until the baby was 5 week.For make baby feel
more comfortable while sleeping, the mother should be able to try the
method below.
Give your baby with warm water with a few drops of baby bath.
After bathing, baby massage with baby oil or lotion.
Create an atmosphere that is comfortable quiet in his bedroom.
The mother can try to read fairy tales and sing lullabies, or sprinkle
baby with baby powder.
Mothers should use a soothing scent of baby products, but safe and
clinically tested.

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Moms and Dads,
A baby's first year is a period of decisive importance in the future
development, especially the development of physical, language,
intellectual, social, and attitudes. Development and growth is very rapid
at this age.
If in the early days of this baby is not getting proper nutrition and
enough, do not get appropriate care, stimuli were given less or do not
get the proper treatment of disease, this could be a big loss for us
because this period can not be repeated.
Preparing for a baby early on during the 'golden period' growth and
development is very important.
For optimal infant growth. Weight and height optimal, not under or
over.
For babies grow up healthy and intelligent.
To support the baby's health in general, present and future, including
immune to many diseases and not sickly.
Increase physical skills, creativity and cognitive baby.
socio-emotional relationships baby better with parents and the
environment.

"Babies are unique human beings who have their own world and can not
be equated with the adult world."
Children are not miniature adults, he is different!
Treating and caring for the baby should be a fun thing and minimal
problems if we as parents can act appropriately. Baby care may be
difficult but not as difficult and as bad as we imagine.
What we need is a little patience and a desire to broaden how to care
for the child properly.
Smart moms will know what should be done and what is best for the
baby. Insight and knowledge about infant care is needed for optimal
infant growth, healthy and smart. In addition ..
Moms are smart and have a good insight about babies

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 Do not be surprised if you find new things that actually normal in
infants.
Do not be worried and upset because the baby crying, fussy, do not
want to breastfeed, do not want to eat her food, her weight is not
increasing, less breast milk and other problems because they know
what to do to resolve it.
Do not be quick to panic and know what to do if he finds a baby gets
sick or other health problems.
We can anticipate when faced with a particular situation in infants,
such as fever after immunization, speech delay, when started running
and others.
Moms become more confident and relaxed, psychology baby becomes
better because of her positive energy.
Know what to expect from your baby's development each step.
Reduce the cost of consulting a doctor who does not need. Besides of
course ..
There will be more time Moms and Dads can give to explore all the
potential baby.
All of this makes baby care more fun and stress-free, family life
becomes happier.
In the care of infants, various problems may arise. Moms are not alone
because almost all mothers experience the pressures and difficulties in
caring for and raising her baby. In a new mother, it will be even more
difficult to be lived.
It takes a complete guide, systematic yet practical so that it can be
applied directly in the care of the baby.
To meet it, I wrote the book The Complete Guide to Baby 1 Year One will
be a friend Moms and Dads in raising their children.
Thus this article on infant care and how to care for babies from birth to
toddler. Hopefully this article can be made use of for friends and can be
used as an ingredient refernsi before becoming real moms.

2.2 Infant Care Everyday

1. Taking care of the umbilical cord

After birth, the umbilical cord is usually not taken. And, the release time
can vary, approximately 5-21 days. Hence, the umbilical cord should be
treated 2 times a day. How? - Telentangkan child. Clean the sides of the
edge of the umbilical cord with a cotton ball that has been dipped in
cold water (mature yes). It may also, use cotton swabs spiked with
alcohol 70%. - Replace the cotton balls or cotton swabs every other area
of your wash. - Dry with a towel that lembut.- Soak sterile gauze into
70% alcohol and use it as close cord. Wrap the gauze on the cord, fold
upwards, and paste with a special plaster. If you remember earlier, the
mother closed the umbilical cord with an octopus or some sort of
strappy elastic net. Now, the action was no longer recommended by the
doctor.

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To a doctor if:
Baby fever.
The base of the umbilical cord looks red.
out smelling liquid or blood from the base of the umbilical cord.
The baby always cries when skin in skeitar cord touched with a finger.
When babies cry because they feel cold exposed alcohol, this is normal.

2. Bathing your baby

Events bath often make a scene. So, prepare everything first. What is it?
Shower devices, as towels, soap, and a baby shampoo, is placed near
kecil.Lalu of the bath tub, pour the chilled water in the tub, then hot
water. By doing so, the base is not a hot tub. Ideally, the temperature of
the water bath the baby until the age of 2 months is 40 C. After that
age, it should really be lowered to 27 C. Measure the water
temperature with a thermometer or your elbow. Only then can the
shower event starts.

This is where safe to do so:

Flush the child's body with water, then wash hair (see "Wash your
hair"). Soap entire body of the child with baby soap, including the folds
in the feet, hands, thighs, and neck. The whole activity is carried on top
of baby Tafel.
Lift your child in a way tuck your left hand under his neck, then hold
on tight armpits. Well, your right hand can hold his body.
Enter your baby into the tub. Support the head and armpit with your
left hand while the right hand cleaning soap all over the body.
To clean the back, turn the baby's body by means of buffering to hold
the body and armpits with your left hand. Well, you can start right hand
clean deh.

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 Remove the child from the water, then wrap a towel. - Dry the body by
means of pressing a towel.

3. Wash your hair

Hair washing young infants actually easier. In addition, not a lot of
moving, her hair too little. Do not panic fontanel see the little guy who is
not meeting ya. Skin that protects the fontanel sturdy enough anyway.
Well, wash your baby's hair with baby shampoo. Hold the head tightly
and keep not to shampoo into the eyes. Although the baby shampoo is
made of a special potion so soft and do not create an eye sore, he could
be shocked so conceded shampoo. Tears was blaring.

4. Eyes
Here are a source of tears, located above the eyes. Every 3 seconds, the
source of the tears shed tears, which then flows into the channel at the
end of the middle of the eye near the nose. In newborns, because in the
womb had never cried, the tears have not been producing source. Thus,
the channel is still closed. It could also, sometimes open but then closed
again, so that the tears that should have been flowing so stagnant.
"Tears of this 'strange'. He kills germs for a few minutes, but after
passing a few minutes, he did not kill again, even into food germs. So, if
the tear is not stagnant or flowing, grow germs and cause eye droppings
. It can harm the cornea, "said pediatrician who also practice in RS
International Plastica this.
Because it is necessary for massage in the corner of the eye area by
using non-nailed finger length or cotton buds moistened with lukewarm
water. Massage gently from the corner of the eye downward and toward
the nose, for 5-10 times. Perform approximately 2 weeks, because after
that, generally tear ducts have remained open and functioning. To clean
the droppings eyes, use a cotton swab soaked in sterile boiled water.
Always use a sterile cotton for each eye. How:
Clean the eye from the inside to the outside with a cotton ball that has
been dipped in warm water.
Replace the cotton whenever cleaning the eyes, in order to avoid
displacement kuman.- Use paper towels to dry eye.

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5. Nose
The interior of the nose have cleaning power itself and does not need
special care. If there is liquid or dirt comes out, clean the exterior. Do
not use cotton buds, small rolled-up tissue or your fingers to remove dirt
from inside the nose. You will just push the dirt further into limiting
membrane or even scratch the sensitive nose.
If the baby has a lot of mucus from a cold that inhibit breathing, suck
out a way to gently sucked by the mother or the baby nasal aspirator.
Close the door nostril with a finger, then suction side. So alternate.
Never once sucked both holes at once, because it is dangerous. Mucus
can go up to the middle ear, causing ear infections tengah.Caranya:
To clean the nostrils, use cotton swabs which has also been dipped in
warm water. Do not deep and too hot yes. Nostrils child can hurt later.
Replace the cotton swabs for the other nostril.

6. Ear
Like the nose, inner ear also can not be cleaned. You should clean up if
dirt that has reached "door" out or after a "bend" in the outer ear canal.
Use cotton buds were given a warm water to soft dirt so much, so easily
removed. Ask your doctor for help to clean the dirt inside the ear and
hard.
While the ears can be cleaned every time bathing the baby. Use cotton
buds or cotton wool soaked in warm water. Do it gently. How:
Clean the ear alone. The ear canals should not be tampered with, for
fear you even hurt.
auricle (front and rear) cleaned with cotton swabs smeared baby oil.
Replace stemmed cotton new to the ears lainnya.- Dry your baby's
ears with a soft towel.

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7. Cut the nails
You need to be extra careful, because the child usually baseball like that
cut his nails. In fact, the baby nails grow really fast. Stages of the small
nails cut as follows:

Let her nails rather soft, cut after a shower. Press the finger that would
cut his nails with the thumb and forefinger of your left, while the right
hand you begin to cut it. Choose a nail clipper round the edges, and
sterilized before yes with 70% alcohol.
Cut the white part of the nail. Do not forget, reserving a little of that
section.
Clean the dirt under the nails with a cotton swab dipped in lukewarm
water.

8. Remove the crust cap

Many experienced by infants aged 3 weeks to 3 months, but will

disappear after 6-7 months of age. Typically, the crust hat appeared on
the forehead, yellowish, and greasy. If chipped, something like dandruff
deh. Clean several times a week. The trick?

crusty skin smeared baby oil. To be soft, let stand for 15 minutes.

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 Comb your child's hair so that the crust bandwagon Rinse hair
terkelupas.- let no crust is left behind.

9. Drying baby

These activities are very healthy for the child, because the body needs
vitamin D to be fulfilled. Is not the sun is a source of vitamin D are the
best? In fact, the sun can also reduce levels of bilirubin (yellow pigment)
in the blood of yellow baby. Of course, you can not arbitrarily drying
your baby. It's the rules:

- Do it gradually and do not stay long. A maximum of 5-15 minutes.

- Do it between the hours of 07:00 to 8:30. While not too hot.
- Wearing clothes that absorb sweat, like cotton.
- Do not apply any cream to protect the skin. It could even be irritation.

10. mouth
Actually the baby's mouth does not need special care. Moreover, to use
sterile gauze soaked in lukewarm water to clean the sediment milk on
the tongue surface. One-one will make my tongue blisters. "Deposition
of milk does not need to be cleaned. After 3 months of age, milk

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precipitate no more, because the baby has started eating solid food. So,
given enough water to clean the mouth," said Adi Tagor. After the baby
is teething, around the age of 6 months, gums and teeth should be
cleaned once a day with sterile gauze soaked in boiled water.
Important note, Adi Tagor, until the age of one month, the baby's mouth
and lips easily once overgrown with fungus candida. This fungus is
derived from adults, found in the mucous membranes and more often
found in the vagina. If the mother does not clean hands after touching
the vagina, then holding hands and baby put his hand to his mouth,
then "rested" was the candida fungus in his mouth. Symptoms appear
from the appearance of white foam in the area of the lips and mouth.
Candida fungus can be treated with medication from the doctor.

11. Buttocks
This area is prone to problems, because it is often in contact with a wet
diaper and exposed to various irritation of chemicals and
microorganisms that cause infections of urine / feces, and friction with
diapers or clothes. Usually there will be itchy and red around the
buttocks.
Although not all babies experience it, but in some babies, itching and
red in the buttocks tend to recur arise. Important precaution is to
maintain this area remains dry and clean. If prevention efforts do not
succeed, you can do are:
* Do not use diapers all day. Enough during the night or traveling.
* Do not change, change brands of diapers. Use only one brand that is
suitable for your baby.
* Better use cloth diapers. If forced to wear diapers, loosen the thigh for
ventilation and often to replace it (every time he finished urinating /
large).
* There is no harm in occasionally let her ass open. If necessary, let him

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sleep with open buttocks. Make sure the room temperature is warm
enough so that he was cold.
* If the inflammation of the skin due to diaper your baby does not
improve within 1-2 days or in case of blisters or small rash, call your
pediatrician.
* It is also important dietary factors considered. Mothers who breastfeed
their babies with breastfeeding should avoid foods that contain fat, sour
and spicy as it can make the baby frequent bowel movements that ass
so sore. It should be treated with prescription drugs. Source:
Enformasi.com.
Then, to better understand and complete knowledge of caring for a
newborn, how to bathe and clean the newborn, how to use and the
effect of using baby oil, baby lotion and baby powder you can follow the
program nurse the baby.
Also discussed how to determine normal circumstances baby in the
early weeks of birth as the baby's head, breathing baby with sound
grok-groknya including knows how to treat a baby's umbilical cord to
release it safely without causing infection. Knowing a good
breastfeeding management, know how to correct breastfeeding,
breastfeeding positions. Know overcome the problems that arise related
to breastfeeding as: baby does not want to suckle, confused nipple,
nipple pain, dam ation, breast swelling, infection of the nipple, nipple
price / sunset, mastitis, and so forth.
In this program, in addition to discussing the introduction of solid foods
to infants, also in complete discussed on infant care, such as how to
improve the intelligence of babies, Increase physical skills, creativity
and cognitive baby, baby care how to do good and right from the start
toe to tip head. In addition, this program helps parents to be able to
detect and treat common health problems are often encountered in
infants such as fever, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, seizures fever,
cough, runny nose, diaper rash issues including problems at the
beginning of the birth such as jaundice, etc.

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12. Eat More, Eat Again
In the first months, hunger is a major cause of infant crying. Therefore,
offered baby eating is the most effective way to stop crying, even if it
means you have to breastfeed as often as possible; morning, afternoon,
evening and night. Why do babies eat again eat again? This is because,
hunger is a new sensation for him. In the mother's womb the baby
accustomed to receiving continuous dietary intake of the placenta, so
never feel hungry.

When born into the world, the baby's digestive system is not yet
accustomed to digest large amounts of food, then "empty" some time.
To help the baby adapt to these differences, the first few weeks you do
not need to eat baby menjadual hours. Feed him as often as possible.
Baby feeding schedule will be formed at the age of approximately five
weeks.

13. Time to Remove Water

CHAPTER new baby pee and also not know the schedule. However,
frequent urination is a good thing, a sign of well-fed infants. Do not
delay changing the baby, so the baby is not crying because of wet and
uncomfortable. Observe also urine and feces because they can be a
means of measuring the condition of the baby, for example, are too
yellow urine indicates infants less liquid. Faeces exclusively breastfed
babies softer and not too smelly. After the baby pee or BAB,
immediately wash the genitals. Pepper the buttocks and crotch with
cream to prevent diaper rash.

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14. Baby Dress Code
What yes, newborns should be swaddled all day? What exactly should
dress in layers and always wear a blanket? Ayahbunda, tropical climate
in our country is actually incompatible with baby clothes dibuntel-
wrapping style. When the hot air and the baby is in a non-AC room, try
to check the back of the neck baby, if it is hot and humid, meaning he
swelter. If so, remove and replace his bed clothes with a lighter. Make
sure the baby clothes made of natural materials, such as 100% cotton,
which absorbs sweat, easily washed and ironed. Guide to dress for
another traveling. Wear a coat or cardigan, socks, shoes and hat on her
baby to prevent colds.

15. Cosmetics Babies

Cosmetics baby many kinds, there is a baby bath, baby shampoo, baby
oil, baby lotion, baby powder, baby cream, baby cologne and hair
lotions. Actually, not all needed by the baby, so it is wise to choose.
Regardless of brand, use a product that has been clinically tested or
Clinical Proven Mild (CMP). If the baby reacts negatively when applied
certain cosmetics, for example arising red blotches on the skin, then it
is likely he was allergic to the cosmetics content. Discontinue use.

Switch on the baby cosmetics that are free of chemicals (green

product). Still related to minimizing contact with chemicals baby, avoid
also use freshener products or fabric softener. Chemicals in it too
"strong" and can irritate baby's skin.

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16. Activities that hated Babies
Most babies do not like to show off-wear, bathing, shampooing, given
eye drops and nasal drops nose. He could go berserk! The solution, do
this activity quickly, but remain cautious. Distract the baby to engage
her in conversation, give hugs and kisses.

17. Comfortable Environment

It is important to create an environment that is comfortable for the
baby. Keep the baby's environment is not too crowded or noisy, too cold
(less than 20 degrees Celsius) or too hot (over 31 degrees Celsius).
Babies can also cranky because of glare, because that sure lamplight or
sunlight falls right into his eyes. Comfortable environment also means
free mosquito and insect bites. You can do fogging at home a few days
before the baby comes. Not recommended to use insecticides in the
nursery because the poison can be attached to baby items. Use only
netting fabric.

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18. Baby Baby
Function toy is not only entertaining but also introduces baby to a
variety of shapes and train the eye muscles to be more focused. For
that, choose toys with bright colors. Toys chugging (musical mobile)
which are suspended in the bed will stimulate baby's senses of sight
and hearing. Teddy bear soft fun baby when he outlined it. Rattle,
handheld toy that sound when shaken, also entertain and train the
baby's senses. But it does not always need expensive toys, you know.
Babies also very amused look at her reflection in the mirror, the shadow
on the wall and drops of rain. And, of course, there is nothing more
exciting than when he was a baby playing with his father and mother.

19. Sleep Ritual

Total sleep time a new baby is 16 hours a day, with a restless night's
sleep, interrupted several times to wake up. After 5 weeks of age, then
the baby has a fixed sleep pattern, ie sleep early at night and waking up
2-3 times at midnight. Bedtime ritual can help baby sleep more quickly
and with quality. Stages, bathe the baby with warm water that has been
spilled baby bath, baby massage with baby oil or lotion, after that
create a calm atmosphere in the bedroom. You can read fairy tales, sing
lullabies or baby sprinkle with baby powder. Use the scent of baby
products that soothe, but safe and clinically tested Clinically Proven Mild
or (CMP).

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20. Recognize Newborn Diseases
Colic, diaper rash, nasal congestion, eye infections, tongue moldy and
fever after immunization are some new baby subscription disease.
When experienced, with a fussy baby will cry unusual. Quickly find out
and overcome. If Little diaper rash, clean the diaper open, and let him
without a diaper - wind cooling it - temporarily. Blocked nose, eye
infections, fever after immunization and moldy tongue can be
anticipated by prescription from a doctor. While colic are generally not
curable, can be overcome by making the baby comfortable; rocked, fed,
or rubbed her stomach.

21. People Around Baby

Baby is adorable, but, treat him appropriately. If too many people are
carrying and invite joke, if a little clothes replaced, a little fed, or if the
father and mother overreacted to his cries, the baby can be stressful
too. In addition, the feeling of delicate baby making can "catch" the
mood of the mother as the closest. When a bad mood due to fatigue
such mothers, babies can know and he went along with fussy. So, keep
your mood near the baby. If you need a break, leave the baby in the
other caregivers in the home.

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 CHAPTER 3
CLOSING
3.1 Conclusion
Treatment is the process works, how to care, maintenance,
implementation (Kamisa, 1997). So baby care is extra careful and
also very difficult, jjadi on this matter of learning that mothers get
the baby in the care process should be careful and conscientious
mother should also be in the care of this baby so the baby
nyyaman and rilexs. You also need to take care of a baby with a
very meticulous and thorough.

3.2 Suggestions
1. For the readers of this paper, if it has an interest to write /
research on this study, the authors hope to examine more deeply
about the research (in the writing of the paper).
2. The authors hope this paper is a pilot for writing papers (other
studies further / in).
3. If there is a deficiency in this paper, the authors hope that
readers are looking for a solution of this paper shortage by
increasing the reading of the other references.

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