4 BiSC 2070 Biochemistry Exam 1 - 02/08/12 Key 1 + Choose the one Best Answer G |.) When a ketohexose in the linear form undergoes mutarotation the resulting organic functional groups 4 isa intermolecular hemiacetal G4) intramolecular hemiketal intermolecular hemiketal XK intramolecular acetal SG intramolecular hemiacetal 2, What two products are formed during the reaction between a fatty acid and an alcohol? ester and hydrogen c. ether and water & hydrogen and alkane €b) ester and water gh ether and hydrogen 3. Which of the following is a soap? CH Hp Hh Hp Het ° We eee epee Ong ee ot Hee °c" “G" *G=S~0 Na Hy He Hy Hp Heo ° Hp Hp Hp Hp » ef. CL LCL Le -S—0 Na HsC" “CH” “CH” CH a 1 1 i CHy © CHs CH ° Hp oH ow eel eba eke } Hye ¢* oH He Hp Hp Hp He Hp | Hp Hp Hp teeter eo ot eee oe ety et tt Hc ¢ ¢ Gc Neaain Hy H Hy Hp Hy Hy ' Hy Hee. What compound is the precursor ofthe steroids found in the human body? isoprene b. testosterone. terpene . cholate erotestra(3) Which of the following molecules is found only in the outer leaflet of a cellular membrane? a, cholesterol “o. phosphatidylserine “s, protein ©) _ slycosphingolipid d. plasmalogen ; 9 6. oe are very hydrophilic. very hydrophobic \y,_ all of the above & soluble in nonpolar solvents. b&e gD Which of the following substances do‘fottontribute to the structure of biological membranes? a.) cellulose glycolipids . proteins cholesterol A, phospholipids disaccharide oligosaccharide x starch £8) Whats the term for carbohydrates consisting of greater than ten units glycosidically bonded? yy glycogen @ polysaccharide ‘What two functional groups define a monosaccharide? a. hydroxyl and carboxylic acid d. amino and hydroxide b. alkene and phosphate © hydroxyl and carbonyl c. acid and carbonyl 10. What polysaccharide found in animals has a structure very similar to amylopectin? a. glucose glycogen c._ starch 4d. amylose e. cellulose 11, The two essential fatty acids are: ia : a. palmitoleate and oleate (C4) o-linolenate and linoleate b. linoleate and stearate e. stearate and oleate ¢. arachidonate and eicosanoids i 2. is a homopolysaccharide that provides a source of dietary fiber. i a. Starch (b.) Cellulose" c. Dermatin a. Sucrose e. Glucose G, 13: hich one of the following is an INCORRECT sttemeat? 7 vitamin A is necessary for normal skin integrity vitamin D is necessary to maintain normal calcium levels. ‘vitamin Eis an anti-oxidant. & vitamin K is necessary for normal clotting. all of the above statements are correct. ied. The products of the reaction included stearate, 1} A mixture of lipids was isolated and saponi sine, phosphatezand gholing? Which of the following palmitate, oleate, linoleate, linolenate ,sphii was in the original lipid mixture. A triacylglycerols \,plasmalogens & waxes ®)_sphingomyclins d._phosphatidylcholines t 15. Which form of D-glucose in the ring configuration has the anomeric -OH group Glow we ring? & G@) a b. B oY a5 16, What process is used to synthesize an saturated fats from unsaturated fats? a. addition b. halogenation (€_) hydrogenation d. hydrolysis e. esterification* Refer to the disaccharide below to answer the next five questions, Questions 17 thru 21. 17. Inthe figure above, the first (left) monosaccharide unit is a(n) a, — ketopentose \. aldopentose ‘x aldoheptose. ketohexose Y, aldohexose 18, In the figure above, the second (right) monosaccharide unit is a(n) Sa Ketopentose ©) aldopentose Y aldoheptose. ketohexose [. aldohexose 19, Hydrolysis of the disaccharide above gives the monosaccharides Ya glucose and ribose “S._ mannose and ribose \&, ribose and ribose Ny, galactose and ribose @) fructose and ribose 20. The disaccharide above contains a(n) __-glycosidic linkage. a al b. Blo4 &) 294 d. P24 e B2o5 G1). Can this disaccharide undergo mutarotation and be a reducing sugar? @ Yes b. No 22. ‘The major energy storage form in animals is: a. waxes ¢. glucose €. sphingomyelins b. phospholipids @ wiglycerides 23. Which heteropolysaccharide is an anticgagulant? a. — Chondroitin Sulfate €LON1S we Heparin e. Keratan Sulfate b. Dermatin Sulfate 4. Hyaluronic Acid Beusriy geseanpioat T Covtal Gear nga 24, Heteropolysaccharides (SSCL ud Transpare ney, G@) are “antigenic determinants”. MA “a. are never covalently linked to some other molecule. x. can not be signal molecules. ‘Y, are cellular repulsion molecules. & decrease the solubility of the molecules to which they are attached. Wor Cast 5) Which ofthe following correctly deseribes membrane proteins? a. They can interact with only one of the leaflets of the membrane. b. They can be tethered to a fatty acid imbedded in the membrane. c. They can pass completely through the lipid bilayer. ® Ary of the above, depending on the specific membrane protein. €. None of the above, depending on the specific membrane protein26. Which of the following correctly matches the monosaccharide term with its definition? 4, _ketose~ monosaccharide with a ketone functional group. aldose ~ monosaccharide with a carbonyl group on the end carbon cc. tetrose —has the formula (CH,O), where n= 4. aa d, pentose —a five carbon sugar. ‘ aa ©) Allotthe choices are correct. VI to @7) The hydroxyl (-OH) group on the last chiral carbon of pentoses and hexoses \ determine whether the sugar is D or L. (b) _reacts with the carbonyl group when these molecules cyclizes. is to the “right” in the Fischer projection of a D sugar ab © alof the above. 28. The molecule depicted below is: on Hp ! 4 AEX CHL aby LN tN oN oN eS Ort ON aetngmerne st G cetmertienit esatt ert +l 4 NH a. palmitoleate 4. linoleate G1 sphingosine e. arachidonate ¢. ‘oleate 29. What is compound depicted below? H H a, oleate d. yinolenate linoleate ©) None of the choices are correct. cc. G-linolenate/ / 30. Amphipathic lipid molecules have a polar “head” and a nonpolar “tail.” True b. False 31. Which of the following force(s) DO NOT stabilize(s) the lipid bilayers in membranes? van der Waals interactions(hydrophobic interactions) between the hydrophobic tails. b. dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding between the polar heads and surrounding water, ¢. electrostatic and hydrogen bonding between the polar heads. @) covalent bonding between the polar heads and surrounding water. all of the above he An animal cell membrane limits the migration of ions and polar molecules into and out of the cell. has a double layer of triacylglycerol molecules in which the hydrophobic groups extend into the aqueous medium and the hydrophilic groups intermingle close together. %%, incorporates glycogen molecules particularly branched in (14) oxygen bridges. 7 consists of a phospholipid trilayer interspersed with molecules of protein and cholesterol. all of the above are true statements 33. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT: None of the lipids can be used as an energy source. “b, Most of the energy stored in the body is in the form of lipids. “x Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for storing energy. Lipids are stored in fat cells called adipocytes. \ Lipids release more than twice the energy than carbohydrates when oxidized. 34. Arachidonic acid is the precursor for all of the following EXCEPT: 7 MOSH a. prostaglandins c, leukotrienes © steroids b. eicosanoids d. thromoboxanes: W 0 RO Non 7 G5) Some of the function of lipids in the cell membrane is(are) to 6-H C-A control the follow of molecules into and out of the cell. 1 ay & & store energy. © - oth ct ©. serve as antigenic determinants C e-otl d. absorb vitamins. 7 tt c- Ot (Both a and c are correct. c- OW i thot Chow 36. What type of bond holds the two monosaccharides together in a disaccharide? a. amide bond c._ ester bond €. hydrogen bond b. electrostatic bond © alycosidic bond b 37. Glucose and mannose have identical structures except for the configuration around chiral carbon atom number _ inl 3 4 eS 38. The Sphingolipids are amphipathic because they contain and a. glycerol, sphingosine 4d. bile salts, cholesterol b. saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids & polar regions, nonpolar regions c. _ single bonds, double bonds39. Which of the following is the moni highy \ched polymer of glucose? starch celluloké ‘fc glycogen 4. amylopectin, amylose 8-12 40. What is the molecular formula of fructose, and how is fructose related to glucose? “XL CoHicOg; fructose & ghicose are enantiomers. 17 0 it OM b. Goli0,; fructose & glucose are epimers. ¢ Cth x _ CoHn0,; fructose & glucose are anomers. c-O os O° XR CHO; fructose & glucose are isomers. oo ie ©) CoHn0gi fructose & glucose are isomers. : ect © ‘ 41. The structure given below represents a(n): 1 c-on e- OW fi : e- ON" CHOW du,04 Rs ChOLIWL th 2 CH gn HC och, He 2 CH, = iy Oeid 7 reseaig Pasee Haste re A 8, FAMYy je ceeee Mg feeder eee We vetting Eee a OS a TS ¢ Oar eri omime-ait chs nf, Ae i, of, of, \Ong CAIN VINY| GILO Kol a. wax ¢. phosphatidylcholine ~ e. phosphatidylserine b. _ triacylglycerol @) plasmalogen z oxidation of the hydroxyl group on C3 group reduction of the aldehyde group SUQ(LY (LIGOnol ester formation with sulfuric acid (sulfate). h substitution of an amino group for a hydroxyl group. reduction of one of the hydroxyl (OH) groups to form a deoxy sugar. p©@ g of the following are possible modifications to monosaccharides EXCEPT: b. ¢, 43. Which glycosaminoglycan is found in cartilage where it acts as a cushion? @ Chondroitin Sulfate c. Heparin e. Keratan Sulfate Dermatin Sulfate d. Hyaluronic Acid 44. One mole of which of the following lipids will yielqon3/fnole of fatty acids when saponified? a. phosphatidylcholine 2. tiacylglycerol © b. phosphatidylethanolamine 2 €)wax | c. _ phosphatidylserine 7. 45. Which of the following is a nonreducing disaccharide? ) a. lactose b. maltose \ mannose Y, ribose ©) sucrose ~~/ 46, Which of the following is the principal carbohydrate of mammalian milk? a, glucose @) lactose ¢. maltose dd. mannose fe, sucrose 47. When a long-chain alcohol is made to react with a long-chain fatty acid the product is a: a. cholesterol b, phosphoglyceride ¢. steroid d. triglyceride.) wax @) In the amphipathic lipids, the polar region of the molecule is composed of: a. fatty acids ¢c. polar alcohols €. all of the above b. monosaccharides @ b&e 49, Organisms which live at high temperatures tend to have higher proportions of saturated fatty aci their membranes. = mae z fa.) True b. False &) a. a(l4) ‘ye a(l96) © a1+4) & a6) Ba) “, BA6) 51. Which of the words provided best describes the molecule shown? CH,OH 1 c=0 t H-C-OH 1 H-C-OH Hl H-C-OH 1 CH,OH a. aldohexose ©) ketohexose \y, Defructose & aldopentose: Xt ketopentose 52, Cholesterol is used as which of the following? a. A component of plasma membranes. b. The precursor for the synthesis of the steroid hormones. c. The precursor for the synthesis of bile salts. @ All of the above %. None of the above " ® saturated fatty acids have higher melting points than unsaturated fatty acids because their molecules fit closely together in a solid b. they have more hydrogen atoms. ‘dX, they have fewer hydrogen atoms. 4) the eis double bonds give them an ieregular “kinky” shape. ‘a, the trans double bonds give them an irregular shape. 54, What class of saponifiable lipid is NOT amphipathic? a. ether lipids c. phosphoglycerides & triacylglycerols >. gangliosides 4. sphingomyelinsglycerol and 3 fatty acids glycerol and the salts of 3 fatty acids glycerol and 2 fatty acids © glycerol and the salts of 2 fatty acids c. glycerol and 1 fatty acid : q 55. Plt a triglyceride is saponified the products rd ~ N