Indiana Jones

Harrison Ford as Indiana Jones in Raiders of the Lost Ark

First appearance
Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)
Created by
George Lucas
Steven Spielberg
Portrayed by
Films:
Harrison Ford (ages 36 58)
River Phoenix (age 13)
TV series:
Neil "Boulie" Boulane (infant)
Boutalat (toddler)
Corey Carrier (ages 8 10)
Sean Patrick Flanery (ages 16 21)
Harrison Ford (age 50)
George Hall (age 93)
Voiced by
Video games:
Doug Lee (Emperor's Tomb)
David Esch (Esch)
John Armstrong (Staff of Kings)
Information
Full name
Henry Walton Jones Jr.
Nickname(s)
Doctor Jones
Indy
Junior
Henri Defense[1]
Mungo Kidogo[2]
Captain Dynamite, Scourge of the Kaiser[2]
Jonesy[3][4][5]
Occupation
Archaeologist
Historian
College Professor
Title
Doctor (Ph.D.)
Colonel (U.S. Army) Spy (French Secret Service WW1)
Family
Henry Walton Jones, Sr. (father) (deceased)
Anna Mary Jones (mother) (deceased)
Susie Jones (sister deceased)[6]
Spouse(s)
Deirdre Campbell Jones (1926)[7]
Marion Ravenwood Jones (1957 present)
Children
Susan Jones (daughter) Henry Walton "Mutt" Jones III (son)
[8]
Religion
Catholic (nominal)[9]
Nationality
American
Henry "Indiana" Jones Jr. (also shortened to Indy) is a fictional character and
the protagonist of the Indiana Jones franchise. George Lucas created the charact
er in homage to the action heroes of 1930s film serials. The character first app
eared in the 1981 film Raiders of the Lost Ark, to be followed by Indiana Jones
and the Temple of Doom in 1984, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade in 1989, The
Young Indiana Jones Chronicles from 1992 to 1996, and Indiana Jones and the King
dom of the Crystal Skull in 2008. The character is also featured in novels, comi
cs, video games, and other media. Jones is also featured in the Disney theme par
k attraction, Indiana Jones Adventure at Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea, as well
as the Disneyland Paris attraction Indiana Jones et le Temple du Pril.
Jones is most famously played by Harrison Ford and has also been portrayed by Ri
ver Phoenix (as the young Jones in The Last Crusade) and in the television serie
s The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles by Corey Carrier, Sean Patrick Flanery, and
George Hall. Doug Lee has supplied the voice of Jones for two LucasArts video g
ames, Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis and Indiana Jones and the Infernal
Machine, David Esch supplied his voice for Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb,
and John Armstrong for Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings.[10]
The character is distinguished by his appearance (bullwhip, fedora, satchel[11][
12] and leather jacket), sense of humor, deep knowledge of many ancient civiliza
tions and languages, and fear of snakes.
Since his first appearance in Raiders of the Lost Ark, Indiana Jones has become
one of cinema's most famous characters. In 2003, the American Film Institute ran
ked him the second greatest film hero of all time.[13] He was also named the 6th
Greatest Movie Character by Empire magazine.[14] Entertainment Weekly ranked In
dy 2nd on their list of The All-Time Coolest Heroes in Pop Culture.[15] Premiere
magazine also placed Indy at number 7 on their list of The 100 Greatest Movie C
haracters of All Time.[16]
Contents [hide]
1
Appearances
1.1
Attractions
1.2
Film
1.3
Literature
1.3.1
Graphic novels
1.3.2
Movie-tie-in novelizations
1.3.3
Original novels
1.4
Television
1.5
Video games
2
Character description and formation
3
Origins and inspirations
3.1
Historical models
4
Costume
5
Casting
6
Cultural impact
6.1
Archaeological influence
6.2
Fandom
7
References
8
External links
Appearances[edit]
Attractions[edit]
Main article: Indiana Jones Adventure

Action on the set of Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular at Disney's Hollywood
Studios, Orlando, Florida.
Indiana Jones is featured at several Walt Disney theme park attractions. The Ind
iana Jones Adventure attractions at Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea ("Temple of t
he Forbidden Eye" and "Temple of the Crystal Skull," respectively) place Indy at
the forefront of two similar archaeological discoveries. These two temples each
contain a wrathful deity who threatens the guests who ride through in World War
II troop transports. The attractions, some of the most expensive of their kind
at the time,[17] opened in 1995[18] and 2001,[19][20] respectively, with sole de
sign credit attributed to Walt Disney Imagineering.[citation needed] Disney did
not originally license Harrison Ford's likeness for the American version;[citati
on needed] nonetheless, a differentiated Indiana Jones audio-animatronic charact
er appears at three points in both attractions. However, the Indiana Jones featu
red in the DisneySea version does use Harrison Ford's likeness but uses Japanese
audio for all of his speaking parts.[citation needed] In 2010, some of the Indy
audio-animatronics at the Disneyland version were replaced with ones resembling
Ford.[21]
Disneyland Paris also features an Indiana Jones-titled ride where people speed o
ff through ancient ruins in a runaway mine wagon similar to that found in Indian
a Jones and the Temple of Doom. Indiana Jones and the Temple of Peril is a loopi
ng roller coaster engineered by Intamin, designed by Walt Disney Imagineering, a
nd opened in 1993.
The Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular! is a live show that has been presented
in the Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park of the Walt Disney World Resort wi
th few changes since the park's 1989 opening, as Disney-MGM Studios. The 25-minu
te show presents various stunts framed in the context of a feature film producti
on, and recruits members of the audience to participate in the show. Stunt artis
ts in the show re-create and ultimately reveal some of the secrets of the stunts
of the Raiders of the Lost Ark films, including the well-known "running-from-th
e-boulder" scene. Stunt performer Anislav Varbanov was fatally injured in August
2009, while rehearsing the popular show.[22] Also at Disney's Hollywood Studios
, an audio-animatronic Indiana Jones appears in another attraction; during The G
reat Movie Ride's Raiders of the Lost Ark segment.[23]
Film[edit]
1981 film Raiders of the Lost Ark
1984 prequel film Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
1989 film Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
2008 film Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull
2019 untitled Indiana Jones film
A native of Princeton, New Jersey, Indiana Jones was introduced in the 1981 film
Raiders of the Lost Ark, set in 1936. The character is an adventurer reminiscen
t of the 1930s film serial treasure hunters and pulp action heroes, whose resear
ch is funded by Marshall College (named after producer Frank Marshall),[24] a fi
ctional college in Connecticut, where he is a professor of archaeology. He also
attended the University of Chicago.
In this first adventure, he is pitted against the Nazis, who are commissioned by
Hitler to recover evidence related to Aryan roots of Nazism. (see Nazi archaeol
ogy). In consequence, Dr Jones travels the world to prevent them from recovering
the Ark of the Covenant (see also Biblical archaeology). He is aided by Marion
Ravenwood and Sallah. The Nazis are led by Jones's archrival, a Nazi-sympathizin
g French archaeologist named Ren Belloq, and Arnold Toht, a sinister Gestapo agen
t.
In the 1984 prequel, Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom, set in 1935, Jones tr
avels to India and attempts to free enslaved children and the three Sankara ston
es from the bloodthirsty Thuggee cult. He is aided by Short Round, a young boy,
and is accompanied by singer Willie Scott (Kate Capshaw).
The third film, 1989's Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, set in 1938, returned
to the formula of the original, reintroducing characters such as Sallah and Mar
cus Brody, a scene from Professor Jones's classroom (he now teaches at Barnett C
ollege), the globe trotting element of multiple locations, and the return of the
infamous Nazi mystics, this time trying to find the Holy Grail. The film's intr
oduction, set in 1912, provided some back story to the character, specifically t
he origin of his fear of snakes, his use of a bullwhip, the scar on his chin, an
d his hat; the film's epilogue also reveals that "Indiana" is not Jones's first
name, but a nickname he took from the family dog. The film was a buddy movie of
sorts, teaming Jones with his father, often to comical effect. Although Lucas in
tended to make five Indiana Jones films, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade was
the last for over eighteen years, as he could not think of a good plot element t
o drive the next installment.[25]
The 2008 film, Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, is the latest
film in the series. Set in 1957, 19 years after the third film, it pits an olde
r, wiser Indiana Jones against Soviet agents bent on harnessing the power of an
extraterrestrial device discovered in South America. Jones is aided in his adven
ture by his former lover, Marion Ravenwood (Karen Allen), and her son a young grea
ser named Henry "Mutt" Williams (Shia LaBeouf), later revealed to be Jones' unkn
own child. There were rumors that Harrison Ford will not return for any future i
nstallments and LaBeouf will take over the Indy franchise.[26] This film also re
veals that Jones was recruited by the Office of Strategic Services during World
War II, attaining the rank of Colonel in the United States Army. He is tasked wi
th conducting covert operations with MI6 agent George McHale against the Soviet
Union.
In March 2016 it was officially announced that there is a fifth Indiana Jones fi
lm currently in development, with Ford and Spielberg set to return to the franch
ise. The film will be released on July 19, 2019.[27]
Literature[edit]
Graphic novels[edit]
Indy also appears in the 2004 Dark Horse Comics story Into The Great Unknown, co
llected in Star Wars Tales Volume 5. In this non-canon story bringing together t
wo of Harrison Ford's best roles, Indy and Short Round discover a crash-landed M
illennium Falcon in the Pacific Northwest, along with Han Solo's skeleton and th
e realization that a rumored nearby Sasquatch is in fact Chewbacca.
Movie-tie-in novelizations[edit]
The four Indiana Jones film scripts were novelized and published in the time-fra
me of the films initial releases.[28] Raiders of the Lost Ark was novelized by Ca
mpbell Black based on the script by Lawrence Kasdan that was based on the story
by George Lucas and Philip Kaufman and published in April 1981 by Ballantine Boo
ks; Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom was novelized by James Kahn and based o
n the script by Willard Huyck & Gloria Katz that was based on the story by Georg
e Lucas and published May 1984 by Ballantine Books; Indiana Jones and the Last C
rusade was novelized by Rob MacGregor based on the script by Jeffrey Boam that w
as based on a story by George Lucas and Menno Meyjes and published June 1989 by
Ballantine Books. Nearly 20 years later Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Cry
stal Skull was novelized by James Rollins based on the script by David Koepp bas
ed on the story by George Lucas and Jeff Nathanson and published May 2008 by Bal
lantine Books. In addition, in 2008 to accompany the release of Kingdom of Skull
s, Scholastic Books published juvenile novelizations of the four scripts written
, successively in the order above, by Ryder Windham, Suzanne Weyn, Ryder Windham
, and James Luceno. All these books have been reprinted, with Raiders of the Los
t Ark being retitled Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark. While these
are the principal titles and authors, there are numerous other volumes derived f
rom the four film properties.
Original novels[edit]
From February 1991 through February 1999, twelve original Indiana Jones-themed a
dult novels were licensed by Lucasfilm, Ltd. and written by three genre authors
of the period. Ten years afterward, a thirteenth original novel was added, also
written by a popular genre author. The first twelve were published by Bantam Boo
ks; the last by Ballantine Books in 2009. (See Indiana Jones franchise for broad
descriptions of these original adult novels.) The novels are:[29]
Rob MacGregor (author)
Indiana Jones and the Peril at Delphi, February 1991.
Indiana Jones and the Dance of the Giants, June 1991.
Indiana Jones and the Seven Veils, December 1991.
Indiana Jones and the Genesis Deluge, February 1992.
Indiana Jones and the Unicorn s Legacy, September 1992.
Indiana Jones and the Interior World, December 1992.
Martin Caidin (author)
Indiana Jones and the Sky Pirates, December 1993.
Indiana Jones and the White Witch, April 1994.
Max McCoy (author)
Indiana Jones and the Philosopher s Stone, May 1995.
Indiana Jones and the Dinosaur Eggs, March 1996.
Indiana Jones and the Hollow Earth, March 1997.
Indiana Jones and the Secret of the Sphinx, February 1999.
Steve Perry (author)
Indiana Jones and the Army of the Dead, September 2009.