Asep Steel Handbook

ASEP
STEEL HANDBOOI(
Metal Deck - p215
Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.
Unit T-10, New Manila Condominium

21 N. Domingo St., Quezon City
The information included in this publication has been prepared
on generally accepted engineering principle!' and provisions of
applicable codes and standard specifications for steel
construction, While the information found herein is believed to
be accurate, the Association of Structural Engineers of the
Philippines, Inc, strongly recommends that competent
professional judgement and verification of the accuracy,
suitability and applicability of the given information for the
specific application shall be utilized. Anyone makiny use of this
information assumes all liability arising from such use.
ASEP STEEL HANDBOOK
Copyright @1994
by
Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc, (ASEP)

Unit T-10, New Manila Condominium
21 N, Domingo St., Quezon City
All rights reserved, Printed in the Philippines. This book or any

part thereof must not be reproduced in any form without
written permission of the publisher.
ASEP Steel Handbook

~ H-
PREFACE
The Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc., (ASEP)

is a non-profit organization founded in 1961 with the primary objective of
upgrading the practice of structural engineering in the Philippines.
As part of its efforts to meet this objective, the association published the
Handbook of Steel Shapes and Sections in 1987. The main purpose of the
original publication was to provide local practitioners, suppliers, and fabricators
with a set of produced steel products. With the handbook, the need of
substitutions due to unavailability and it'> corresponding cost and delay can thus
be reduced 'or eliminated .. Alternatively, it may be used to select substitute
sections designed using otr er design manuals and tables. A second purpose for
the publication was to provide the local practitioner with a design aid in
International System of Units (SI) compatible with the National Structural Code
of the Philippines (I\ISCP).
This publicatio 1, ASEP Steel Handbool(, represents the second edition of
the 1987 handbook. While its purpose and objectives are basically identical to
those of the original publication, changes in the local steel market conditions
as well as in design practices and technology necessitated revisions in the
shapes and sections.
Majol revisions include, for one, modification in the thickness of plates
and sheets used for the fabricated shapes to work towards the establishment
of a truly metric standard ra ther than a metricized equivalent of english unit
standards. Secondly, in an ')ffort to work towards compatibility to current
international standards and practices the rolled shape sections have been
considerably expandl"!d to include locally available imported sections and metal
deck sections has been added. Thirdly, in an effort to increase the usefulness
of the handbook, design examples has been added while retaining the design
table and data in the original publication.
In the preparation of this second edition, both solicited and unsolicited
COl'lments and suggestions coming from suppliers and fabricators, as well as
designers, were instrumental to some of the revisions presented. As future
periodic revisions of this Steel Handbook by a responsible technical committee
is expected, comments, corrections, recommendations, additions, deletions and
any other relevant information which may be used to improving this handbook
continue to be welcomed by the association. Such comments are assured to
receive the same careful consideration by the technical committee.
FIDEL R. SARAUSAD
Overall Committee Chairman and Vice-President (1994-1995)
Association of Structural Engineers of the Philipp'ines
ASEP Steel Handbook

~ iii .
ACKNOWLEDGEMErlT
ASEP acknowledges all those who have contributed to th( publication

of this ASEP STEEL HANDBOOK, which is actually an expanded Jersion of the
ASEP HANDBOOK STRUCTURAL STEEl. SHAPES AND SECTIONS published
in 1987.
Special gratitude to Engr. Hermenegildo P. Manzano, Jr. who initiated the

project during his tenure as President (1993-1994) and who had been involved
ex-officio in the committee deliberations.
Sincere thanks to the Directors, incumbent and ex-officio, who read and
reviewed the manuscripts and who also offered many helpful suggestions.
Credit likewise goes to the following generuus sponsors of the project,

through their representatives, for their financial assistance:
Sponsor Representative
Phil. Inst. of Steel Construction Engr. Sam00n P. Lazo, President

National Steel Corporation Mr. Anthony S. Dizon, VP Marketing
Engineering Equipment, Inc. Engr. Rogelio M. Murga
PAG-ASA Steel Corporation Engr. Gabriel Y. Tong, General Manager
Capitol Steel Corporation Mr. Alvin Cheng, General Manager
Philmetal Products, Inc. Mr. Bobby Valdez
Condeck Interna'tional Mr. James Na
Finally, deep appreciation is due to the Overall Committee Chairman and

Vice President, Engr. Fidel R. Sarausad, for his coordination and supervision,
and to the val'ious Technical Committee Chairmen, for their dedicated
professionalism, hard work, patience and persistence in pushing this project to
final fruition.
ROMER S. MONTOYA
Exec. Committee Chairman and President (19S4 - 1995)
Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines
ASEP Steel Handbook

- iv -
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In behalf of the Officers and Directors, we wish. to .express ASEP's

sincere gratitude to all those who, one way or the other, made possible the
publication of this ASEP STEEL HANDBOOK seven years after the publication
of the ASEP HANDBOOK OF STRUCTURAL STEEL SHAPES AND SECTION in
1987.
Sincere gratitude goes to the committee that handled this project, chaired
by Engr. Fidel R. Sarausad, the ASEP Secretary (in concurrent capacity) and
assisted by hand-picked dedicated experts from among the Officers, Directors
and Members of the ASEP. The Committee did an outstanding job in finishing
the project according to schedule. It provided once more the adage: "If there
is a will, there is away."
Credit likewise goes to sponsors of the project: (1) Philippine Institute of

Steel Construction (PISC) through its President, Engr. Samson P. Lazo, (2)
National Steel Corporation (NSCI through its Marketing Vice President, Mr.
Anthony S. Dizon, (2) Engineering Equipment, Inc. (EEl) through its President,
Engr. Rogelio M. Murga, (4) PAG-ASA Steel Works, Inc. through its Sales
Manager, Mr. Robin Y. Tong, (5) Capitol Steel Corporation through its General
Manager, Mr. Alvin Cheng, (6) Phil metal Products, Inc. through its Vice
President for Marketing, Mr. Bobby Valdez, and (7) Condeck International
through its Vice President for Sales & Marketing, Mr. James Na, all of whom
provided the much-needed financial assistance that made possible this
handbook's publication.
Finally, credit is likewise due to the ASEP Officers and Directors for their
patience in reviewing the manuscript, and the pieces of advice given especially
on new sections that were included to this handbook.
HERMF.NEGILDO P. MANZANO, JR.

Exec. Commi~tee Chairman and President (1993 - 1994)
Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines
ASEP Steel Handbook

-v -
ASEP STEEL HANDBOOK COMMITTEE
Hermenegildo P. Manzano, Jr. Fidel R. Sarausad

Executive Comrnittce Chairman Overall Committee Chairrnan
Members
Ernesto F. Cruz Romer S. Montoya

Ronaldo S. Ison Hubert M. Palpal-Iatoc
Alfredo B. Juinio, Jr. Jobelito M. Sta. Ana
Arturo H. Libongco Mario D. Taruc
Enrique C. Medina
1993-94 ASEP OFFICERS and DIRECTORS
Hermenegildo P. Manzano, Jr.

President
Romer S. Montoya Fidel R. Sarausad Alfredo B. Juinio, Jr.

Vice President Secretary Treasurer
Directors
Jose S. Abad Octavio A. Kalalo

Antonio A. Abola Teodoro S. Legua
Rolando E. Cruz Jose F. N.abanta
Roberto P. Bernardo
ExOfficio Director
ASEP Steel Handbook

- vi -
CONTENTS
ABBREVIA TIONS
FOREWORD
PART 1
Built-Up Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 to 1-52
PART 2
Cold-Formec: Plate Shapes .... , . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 to 2-20
PART 3
Cold-Formed Light Gage Shilpes . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 to 3-40
PART 4
Rolled Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 to 4-80
PART 5
Metal Decks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 to 5-22
PAI:T 6
Steel Flat Products .... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 to 6-48
PART 7
Design Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 to 7-42
PART 8
Welded Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. 8-1 to 8-26
PART 9
Miscellaneous Tables and Data . 9-1 to 9-60
ASEP Steel Handbook

- vii -
ABBREVIATIONS
c/c center to center

cm centimeter
cU.m. cubic: meter
excl. exclusive
incl. inclusive
kg Idiogram
kg/m kilogram per meter
kN kilo Newton
m meter
max maximum
min minimum
mm millimeter
MPa mega Pascal
N Newton
Pa Pascal
psi pounds per square inch
rad radians
sq.m. square meter
temp As temperature steel
Typ typical
W weight
ACI American Concrete Institute

AISC American Institute of Steel Constnlr:tion
AISI American Iron and Steel Institute
ASEP Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
AWS American Welding Society
BS British Standards
JIS Japanese Industrial Standards, 1991
NSCP . National Structural Code of the Philippines, Vol. 1, Fourth
Edition, 1992
PNS Philippine National Standards
ASEP Steel Handbook

wviii
w
FOREWORD
GENERAL
This ASEP Steel Handbook is intended primarily to serve as a guide in the

selection and use of locally available structural steel products. These products
are divided into five classes based on the method of. manufacture and/or
maximum thickness of the section. The first five parts of this handbook
correspond to these classes as follows:
Part 1 Built-Up Shapes

Part 2 Cold-Formed Plate Shapes
Part 3 Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes
Part 4 Rolled Shapes
Part 5 Metal Decks
Each of these parts presents a series of tables of computed and/or

compiled data. These data consist of sectional dimensions and properties
chosen and arranged to enable rapid and convenient selection of structural steel
members. For increased usefulness, several other tables, formulas, and design
information are presented in Parts 6 to 9 of this handbook.
As an updated edition of the ASEP Handbook of Steel Shapes and

Sections, this handbook has considerably been expanded and contains several
major revisions. The major revisions include the following:
1. The thickness of steel plates for the built-up and bent plate have
been modified. The thickness adopted corresponds to the bar
sizes of reinf'lrcing steel bars primarily to facilitate recollection.
This adaptation eliminates thickness with fractions of millimeters.
The maximum thickness adopted for built-up sections was also
increased from 44 to 45 millimeters. The maximum thickness used
for bent shape~ has been reduced from 25 to 20 millimeters.
2. The thickness of steel sheets for light gage sections have been
modified. The pdopted thickness range from 2.0 to 6.0 millimeters
in increments of 0.5 millimeter. This compares with the thickness
used in the first edition which range from 1.2 to 4.7 millimeters
with varying increments of 0.2 or 0.3 millimeter.
ASEP Steel Handbook

. ix ~
Foreword
3. The range of overall depths of built-up BW and BH sections has

been modified. The overall depths of BW sections adopted range
from 200 to 1,000 millimeters in increments of 50 or 100
millimeters from the previous range of 100 to 920 millimeters
with variable increments. The overall depths of BH sections
adopted from 200 to 700 millimeters compared to the previous
195 to 425 millimeters.
4. Built-up wide flange Tee, BWT, section properties has been added.
The rolled shapes and sections has considerably been expanded

with the adoption of sections from the AISC Manual of Steel
Construction, 9th edition, except for the angle sections. Although
the standard AISC designations were adopted, the tabulated
section properties are in SI units.
6. Part 5, presenting two metal deck shapes has been added to the
handbook. Metal decks are cold-formed light gage shapes and
normally vary with the manufacturer. The handbook limited the
shapes to those shapes locally available.
7. The discussion on steel flat products, originally incorporated

within the rolled shapes, has been considerably expanded to
include excerpts from standard specifications. This expansion
merited the separation of the discussion to a new Part 6 of the
handbook.
8. Design examples has been added in the new Part 7 of the

handbook. Each of the five design examples include detailed
discussions and references to the different parts of this handbook
as well as the NSCP.
9. The discussion on welded joints, previously presented with the

miscellaneous tables and data, is presented in a separated Part 8
of this handbook. An expanded miscellaneous tables and data is
presented in Part 9.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-x .
Foreword
CLASSIFICATION AND DESIGNATIONS
The hI/owing classifications and designations are used for the different
structural shapes presented in this handbook.
Class Shape Designation
Built-Up Wide-Flange BW H x W
Heavy Column BH H x W
Wide Flange Tee BWT H x W
Cold-Formed Plate Angle BA H x B x t
Channel BC H x B x t
Cold-Formed Light Stiffened Cee LC HxBxCxt

Gage
Stiffened Zee LZ HxBxCxt
Rectangular Tube LR H x B x t
Square Tube LS HxBxt
Rolled Wide Flange W d x w
S-Shape S .d x w
Channel C d x w
Structural Tee WT d x w
Angle L H x B x t
Pipe - standard PS d
Pipe - Extra Strong PE d
Pipe - Double-Extra PD d
Metal Deck SD SD Nw x t
CD CD Nw x t
ASEP Steel Handbool,

. xi .
Foreword
Where: B is the flange width of the section; shorter leg

of angles; shorter side of tubular sections, in
mm.
C is the overall depth of lip of light gafJe
sections, in mm.
d is the depth of rolled sections, in inches.
H is the depth of the section; longer leg of
angles; longer side of tubular section, in mm.
is the overall widths of m'ltal decks, in mm.
is the base metal thickness of the section, in
mm.
W is the nominal wei(,ht per unit length, in kg/m.
w is the nominal weight per unit length of rolled
sections, in Ibs/ft.
FABRICATED SHAPES
The sections and shapes presented in the first three parts of this
handbook may be referred to as fabricated shapes as they are made from rolled
flat products. These sections are limited therefore by the availability of these
flat products, and the availability and limitations of the equipment required in
the fabrication of these shapes and sections.
There are two general metllods of producing structural shapes from flat
. steel products. One is by welding together plates into the desired shape, and
the other is by cold-forming plates, coils sheets, or strips.
Shapes produced by weldments are referred here as 'Built-Up' shapes

and are limited to the use of plates having a thickness greater than or equal to
6.0 millimeters.
Shapes may also be cold-formed by passing the flat steel products in rolls
until the desired shape is attained, or by press brake bending. For consistency
with common practice, however, these shapes are divided into two classes
depending on the thickness of the base metal used. Cold-formed plate shapes
are produced from plates with thickness greater than or equal to 6.0 millimeter.
Cold-formed light gage shapes, on the other hand, are produced from coils,
sheets, or strips with thickness less than or equal to 6.0 millimeter.
ASEP Steel Handbook

"xii -
Foreword
For plates, the following thickness, in millimeters, were adopted: 6, 8,10,12,

16,20, 25, 28, 32,40,45. "'or light gage sections the following thickness, in
millimeters, were adupted: 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0.
Because of the general flexibility of the fabrication methods, an infinite

variation of shapes and sections can bo produced. The shapes presented have
been limited to those commonly used for each classification.
For the sections, the dimensions were chosen such that the optimum
utilization of the available flat products is attained. Furthermore, the dimensions
were chosen such that certain limits given in the provisions of applicable codes
and specifications are not exceeded. These limits are discussed more fully in
the text accompanying each part of this handbook.
Note that the fabrit:ated sections presented are not standard stock
sections. The designer is also in no way limited to the tabulated shapes and
sections. Use of special shapes and sections may be advantageous in some
cases where substantial economy may be derived from its use. Furthermore,
special shapes and section3 may also be required to meet requirements
particular to a given protl(>m.
ROLLED SHAPES
Rolled shapes are defined here as those produced by passing red-hot

blooms or billet steel through rolls until the desired shape is attained. Except for
the angles, the shapes and section0 adopted are those from the 9th edition of
the AISC Manual of Steel Construction. The AISC sections adopted include the
W, S, C, WT and pipe sections.
As stated above, the designation used in this handbook is identical to

those used in the AISC Manual, although the section dimensions and properties
are presented in the SI units.
SECTION AND PROPERTIES
The sectional properti(>s tabulated were calculated based on generally

accepted engineering princi)les and were generated using micro-computers.
Simplifications and/or assun'ptions particular for each class of shapes are
discussed in the desGriptive material preceeding each part of this handbook.
ASEP Steel Handbook

- xiii -
Foreword
~'''''Incalculating the theoretical weight of the steul sections, a mass density

ot 7850 l<g/m 3 was used.
\
WORKMANSHIP AND TOLERANCES
The dimensions and properties shown on the tables are theoretical values
and those of the finished products will be subjected to the usual variatio:ls.
Tolerances not covered shall be based on applicable specifications relating to
each class and. shall be specified by the designer with proper regard to
fabrication and erection requirements.
STEEL flAT PRODUCTS
Flat structural steel products are locally available as hot-rolled plates,

coils and sheets. In addition, cold-rolled coils and sheets a'e also manufactured
locally. The detailed discuJsion on flat products and available sizes can be
found in Part 6. The fabricated shapes are based on these products.
i'
I
II
ASEP Steel Handbook

" xiv"
Built-Up Shapesl-1A
PART 1
BUILT-UP SHAPES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-1-
I-IB Built-Up Shapes
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-2-
Buil t-Up Shapes 1'-1
CONTENTS
Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Scope and Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Sectional I:imensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Sectional Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Comments on the Design Tables ... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Dimensional Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Tables of Dimensions and Properties
BW - Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
BH - Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
BWT- Shdpes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1- 3 4
Beam Selection Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-44
Values of Ca Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-48
Allowable Compress:.ve Stress Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-49
ASEP Steel Handbook

-3-
1-2 Built-up Shapes
NOMEHCLATURE
Symbol Definition Units
Cross-sectional area
Area of compression flange
Flange width
C'c Slenderness ratio of compression elements as
defined in Appendix A of 1992 NSCP, Chapter 4.
Axial compressive stress permitted in a prismatic
member in the absence of bending moment
Specified minimum yield stress of structural steel
Depth of .the section
Clear distance between flailges
Moment of inertia about the X-X axis
Moment of inertia about the Y-Y axis
Effective length factor for prismatic member
Actual unbraced length of compression member mm
Haximum unbraced length of the compression flange
at which the allowable bending stress may be taken
as O.66F y based on NSCP Sect. 4.5.1.4.1 mm
Maximum unbraced length of the compression flange
at which the allowable bending stress may be taken
as O.60F y mm
Beam reSisting moment N-m
Ratio of effective profile area of dn axially
loaded member to its total profile area,
Appendix A, 1992 NSCP
First moment of area of the beam flange about
the neutral axis
Os Axial stress reduction factor where width-
thickness ratio of unstiffened elements exceeds
limiting value given in Sect. 4.9.12,
Appendix A of 1992 NSCP
Radius of gyration of a section comprisinrr the
compression flange plus 1/3 of the compression
web area, taken about an axis in the plane of
the web
Radius of gyration about the X-X axis
Radius of gyration about the Y-Y axis
Elastic section modulus about X-X axis
ASEP Steel Handbook

-4-
Built-Up Shapes 1-3
Elastic section modulus about V-V axis mm 3

Height of web excluding weld thickness
~lange thickness
Web thickness
Minimum fillet weld size
Weight of the section per unit length
Plastic section modulus about the X-X axis
Plastic section modulus about the V-Y axis
.ASEP Steel Handbook

-5-
1-4 Built-Up Shapes
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-6-
Built-Up Shapes 1-5
BUILT-UP SHAPES
General
Built-up shapes aTe herein defined as structural steel

sections made up of steel plates with thickness ranging from 5.0
mm to 45.0 mm, weld~d together to form ------
structural shapes.
Considering that locally produced rolled shapes are normally
limited to depths of about 200 mm, built-up sections are fre-
quently used as a substitute for rolled sections.
Some fabricators use modern equip~ent, such as multiple head

gas cutting machines and automatic welding machines, needed in
the production of built-up uhapes. These modern equipment have
considerably increased the economy and efficiency of production
of built-up sections. With the tables presented in this Part I
of the Steel Handbook, designers may directly select and specify
a built-up section. Alternatively, the tables may be used to
facilitate the substitution of built-up sections for rolled
sections.
Scope and Classification
As defined above, l:here is an infinite number of possible

shapes which could be presented. For simplicity, however, this
Steel Handbook is limited to the most commonly used built-up
shapes, i.e. the bi-symmetric I shape and the wide flange Tee
shape.
Three specific built-up shapes are presented in this Steel

Handbook, the BW, BH, and BWT shapes. The BW sections are in-
tended primarily for use as beam members, while the BH sections
are normally intended for use as columns. The BWT sections are
intended for use as truss top and bottom chord elements. The
classification and designation relating to these shapes are given
below.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-7-
1-6 Built-Up Shapes
Built-Up Wide Flange BW HxW

Heavy Column BH HxW
Wide Flange Tee BWT HxW
The designation of built-up sections are based on outside

depth and weight per meter length rather than on all dimensions
of the built-up section as is used in other standards. The adopt-
ed form is simpler and is one which is familiar to local design-
ers.
The BW and BH sections are distinguished by the ratio,

rx/r y ' of the radius of gyration about the x-x and Y-Y axes,
respectively. BW sections have rx/ry ratios greater than or
equal to 3.0, while BH sections have rx/ry ratios less than 3.0.
The grou'ping, however, does not imply that the BW sections

are to be used only as beams, and BH sections as columns. Par-
ticular loading or lateral support conditions or other require-
ments may dictate the shape of a given member.
The built-up tee (BWT) sections presented are assumed to be

obtained by cutting BW sections similar to rolled tee sections.
The depth of BWT sections are therefore half of those correspond-
ing BW sections.
The minimum quality requirement for built-up shape fabrica-

tion is structural steel conforming to ASTM A36 and/or JIS G3101
W
SS 400 (formerly JI8 G3101 S8 41). .\
ASEP Steel Handbook

-8-
Built-up Shapes 1-7
Locally rolled plates are available for these grades of

structural steel which have minimum specified yield stresses, Fy '
of 248 MPa and 245 MPa, respectively. The sectional properties
and limits of built-up shapes and sections are based on these
values. Further information regarding materials for built-up
shapes is given in Part 6.
Sectional Dimensions
A najor consideration in the choice of dimensions of the

sections is the optimum utilization of locally available plates.
Again, to facilitate easy recall in detailing and design and to
simplify splices between connections, out-to-out" depth at pre-
dictable increments is adopted in this Steel Handbook.
With the "out-to-()ut" depth, the clear distance between

flanges will vary depending on the flange thickness resulting in
a lower yield of the web plates. Thi.s situati_oD iE unlike the
case of rolled wide-flange and S-shapes whose clear distances
between flanges are kept constant for each family of Ul.O nominal
depths. The constant clear distance be-tween fl.an"e<\ of rolled
sections is due to ehe rolling equipment uEed in its manufacture
where sectional differences within i1 family are achieved by
modifying the flange dimensions and the web thi.cknesses.
Built-up sections, however, are not subject to these limi-

tations. It is believed that the use of a constant "out-to-out"
depth would provide greater ease in detailing, fabrication and
erection. Furthermore, it is believed that the cited util i zation
of plates could still be improved by choosing a proper cutting
layout or by using the remaining plate materials for secondary
structural elements such as gussets and stiffeners.
Aside from the utilization of available plates, the dimen-

sions of the flanges of both BW and BH sections were proportioned
to satisfy the limit on the width to thickness ratio for unstiff-
ened elements of the compression flange according to NSCP Sect.
4.5.1.4.1. This limiting ratio, of l70/IF y ' equals to 10.8 for
structural steel conforming_ to ASTM A36.
ASEP S~eel Handbook

-9-
1-8 BUilt-Up Shapes
For the web dimensions of BW sections, the thicknesses were

limited such that the allowable shear stress may be taken as
O.40Fy without. the use of stiffeners. The maximum ratio of the
clear distance between flanges to web thickness h/tw equal to
lOOO/IF y ' For a yield stress of 248 MPa, this ratio has a value
of 63.5. Note that stiffeners should still be provided as re-
quired by other provisions of the code, particularly NSCP Sects.
4.10.5 and 4.10.10.
For the web dimensions of BH sections, the thicknesses were

limi ted so that the depth to thickness ratio of the web, h/tw'
does not exceed the value specified by NSCP formula 4.5-4b. This
limi ting ratio, 675/IFy ' has a value of 42.8 fo~ Fy equal to 248
MPa.
Sectional Properties
The properties, ratios, and weights of the sections were

computed considering the dimensions of the flange and web plates
only. The weld material was excluded. In a competitive design
and construction environment, some designers would include the
capacity of the weld material.
For built-up tees, values of Os and C'c for steel with mini-
mum yield stress, Fy equal to 248 M~a are also tabulated. For
sections with width to thickness ratio of unstiffened projecting
elements of compression flange exceeds 330/IFy as specified in
NSCP Sect. 4.9.1.2, the allowable stress is governed by the
prOV1Slons of Appendix A, Section A2, A5 and A6 of Chapter 4,
Part 2 of the NSCP. Where no values of <)9 and C'c are shown, the
built-up tee conforms to NSCP Sect. 4.9.1.2 and is considered as
fully effective.
Welds
The dimension "w" given in the tables of dimensions and

properties is the minimum leg size of fillet \lields as specified
in NSCP Table 4.l7.2A. The actual size of fillet welds must be
specified by the designer. To facilitate this calculation, the
quantity Of/Ix are tabulated for each BW and BH sections. Of is
ASEP Steel Handbook

10
Built-Up Shapes 1-9
the first moment of ared of a flange about the X-x axis.
Groove welds may also be used to connect the flanges to the

web plate. If required, groove welds shall be as specified by
the designer.
Comments on the Design Tables
Aside from the tables of dimensions and properties, a Beam

Selection Table for the BW sections is included to facilitate the
selection of flexural members designed on the basis of NSC? Sect.
4.5.1.4.1. For ease of use, the quantities required to check the
compact section criteria are included, together with the limit-
ing values of. the unbraced lengths.
For the design of compression members, a table of the allow-

able stress as a functioL with the slenderness ratio, K1/r, is
also included.
ASEP Steel Handbook

11-
1-10 Built-Up Shapes
DIMENSIONAL TOLE~\~CES
Built-Up Shapes
A. CROSS-SECTIONAL TOLERANCES
I I
I -----------,-1 1 I
I I I I
IVariation from Specified Dimensions I I I
~I------~I---------I I I
IH,a Depth, mm I B,Flange Width, mm I E, Web IF,b Combined I
lOver Under I Over Under IOff Center I Tilt and I
I mm I mm I mm I Warpage, mm I
I ~I- - - - - - - 1 I I
I I I I I
I 3 3 I 6 3 I 6 IB/100, but notl
I I I Ilessthan6mml
I I [ I I
a H is measured parallel to the web at the web center line.
F is the maximum offset at the toe of the flange from a

line normal to the plane of the web through the intersec-
tion of the web center line and the outside face of the
flange.
ASEP Steel Handbook

12-
Built-Up Shapes 1-11
B. STRAIGHTNESS TOLERANCE
I
IMember Length Permissible Variations in
I nun Straightness, nun
I
IColumns Less than 9,100 1 nun x (total length in m)
I 9,100 to 13,700 10 nun
I Over 13,700 10 nun + 1 nun x (total length
I in m - 13.7 m)
I
IBeams wlo
I specified
ICamber or
I Sweep All 1 nun x (total length in m)
I
C. CAMBER AND SWEEP TOLERANCES
I I I
IVariable Member IPermissible Variations f~'om Specified I
I I Camber or Sweep,nun I
I I I
ICamber Beams except I 2 nun x (test length in m), but not I
I below a I less than 6 nun I
I I I
I Beams with I I
I top flange I I
I embedded in I 0.5 nun x (total length in m) , but I
I concrete b I not less than 6 nun I
I I I I
I Sweep I Beams I 1 nun x (total length in m) I
I
a Tolerance over specified camber of beams need not exceed

the greater of 1 mm x (length to the nearest end in m) or
19 mm. The toler<nce under the specified camber is 0 mm.
b Must not have a designed concrete haunch. Specified

tolerance is for over and under specified camber.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-13-
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

14
Built-up Shapes 1-13
TABLES
OF
DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-15-
tf~'
III
I
I
I
x--- : ---x T hH
"i~t:,=~JJJ
BW SHAPES
Wt-;= Dimensions
Proptrties
L_1__-J
Weight Ivea Web Flal1ge Distances
Deslgnetion W A H t.", B ~ h T w B/~ HIt.", H/At
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm '11m 1/mm
BW 1oo0x 519 517,94 55,980 1,000 28 450 45 910 994 8 5,00 35,71 0.049
x 497 496,51 63,250 1, (XX) 25 450 45 910 894 8 5,00 40,00 0.049
x 463 463,15 59,000 1,000 25 4BO 40 920 904 8 5,63 40,()() 0,058
x 393 393,29 50,100 1,000 20 460 35 930 914 8 6.43 50,00 0,063
x 373 373,03 47,520 1,000 20 450 32 936 920 9 7,00 50,00 0,0S9
BW 900 x 496 495,96 63,190 900 28 4~ 45 910 794 8 5.00 3;;1,14 0,044
x 444 443,53 58,500 900 25 450 40 920 904 8 5.63 3$,00 0,050
x 410 410,16 52,250 900 25 450 35 esc ~14 8 6.43 36,00 0,r:/S7
x 379 3n.59 46,100 900 20 450 35 830 914 8 6,43 45,00 0,057
x 357 357,33 45,520 900 20 450 32 836 820 9 7,00 45,00 0,063
x 330 330,33 42,090 900 20 450 28 944 929 8 8,04 45,00 0,071
x 304 300,83 38,704 900 16 450 28 944 82S 8 8,04 56,25 0,071
x 283 283,39 36,100 900 16 450 25 850 834 8 9,00 56,25 0,090
BW 900 x 347 347,28 44,240 900 28 300 35 BOO 814 8 4,29 3;;1,14 0,086
x 315 314,7.9 40,100 900 25 300 32 836 820 e 4,69 36,00 0.094
x 264 264,39 33,680 900 20 300 28 944 82S 9 5,36 45,00 0,107
x 239 237,99 30,304 900 16 300 29 944 82S 9 M6 56,25 0,107
x 225 224,(51 28,600 900 16 300 25 950 934 9 6,00 56,25 0,120
x 202 202,22 25,760 900 16 300 20 960 944 9 7,50 56,25 0,H50
ASEP Steel Handbook

Built-up Shapes 1-15
8WSHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Elastic Properties Plastic Modulus

Axis X-X Axis V-V
I SIS z" z.. Designation
x10S x103 r x10s x103 r x103 x10 3 HxW
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm mm 4 3 mm mm 3 mm3
0.99 116.1 10,999 21,999 406.3 685 3,045 101.9 25,135 4,.735 BW 1000 x 516
0.69 119.2 10,611 21,522 413.4 685 3,043 104.0 24,514 4,696 x 497
0.67 116.0 9,921 19,643 410.1 509 2,705 101.5 22,570 4,194 x 463
0.66 116.7 6,577 17,354 415.2 532 2,355 100.1 19,523 3,537 x 393
0.95 117.6 6,115 15,231 413.3 467 2,153 101.2 16,320 3,334 x 373
1.00 119.2 6,S46 19,219 370.0 585 3,044 104.1 21,905 4,715 BW 900 x 495
0.99 119.1 7,610 17,355 371.6 509 2,705 100.6 19,693 4,176 x 444
0.95 117.S 7,007 15,746 368.3 53:3 2,367 101.0 17,929 3,673 x 410
0.99 119.6 S,648 15,219 377.3 532 2,365 105.2 17,068 3,627 x 378
0.96 116.9 S,401 14,224 37M 467 2,162 100.4 15,994 3,324 x 357
0.95 117.5 5,794 12,676 371.1 426 1,893 10o.s 14,549 2,919 x :300
0.96 119.7 5,594 12,430 39:).2 426 1,691 104.9 13.637 2,669 x 304
0.95 116.5 5,127 11,393 376.6 390 1,669 102.61:2,734 2,566 x m
0,66 74.0 5,264 11,699 345.0 159 1,060 so. 0 13,905 1,739 BW 900 x 347
0.95 74.2 4,835 10,745 347.2 145 967 SO.2 12,701 1,571 x 315
0.67 75.0 4,197 9,326 353.0 1';:.7 9 61.3 10,99S 1,344 x 264
0.92 76.9 3,996 6,881 363.1 126 942 64.S 10,174 1,314 x 239
0.69 75.9 3,691 a,202 359.2 113 752 62.6 9,.0153 1,179 x 225
0.63 73.7 3,172 7,049 350.9 90 502 59.2 9,236 955 x 202
ASEP steel Handbook

-17-
Ili-:t='c=~r=-TTr
x - - - - !J- - - - x T h H
I~ I
wi~I~~JU
BWSHAPES
Dlmen$lons
Propertils
L~~---J
Weight Area Web FlanQe Distances
Designation W A H tw B tf h T w B/2tf HIt,., H/~
HxW kgfm mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1/mm
BW 9:Xl x 296 296.42 37,760 aoo 20 360 32 736 720 6 5,63 40,00 0.069
x 2~ 275,06 35,040 eoo 20 300 26 744 726 6 6,43 40,00 0,079
x 252 251.70 32,064 9:Xl 16 360 26 744 726 6 6,43 50,00 0.079
x 236 235,50 30,000 eoo 16 360 25 750 734 e 7,20 50,00 0,069
x 212 211.95 27,000 eoo 12 360 25 750 734 6 7,20 66,67 0,069
BW 9:Xl x 212 211.95 27,000 eoo 16 300 25 750 734 6 6,00 50,00 0,107
x 100 189,66 24,160 aoo 16 300 20 760 744 e 7,50 50,00 0,100
BW 700 x 281 260,72 85,760 700 20 360 32 636 620 B 5,63 35,00 0,061
x 261 260,75 00,216 700 16 360 32 636 620 B 5,63 43,75 0,061
x 239 239,14 30,464 700 16 360 26 644 626 8 6,43 43,75 0,069
x 219 218,92 27,999 700 12 360 26 644 626 8 6,43 59,00 0,069
x 203 202,53 25,900 700 12 360 25 650 634 6 7,20 $,$3 0,079
BW SOD x 244 243,66 31,040 BOO 20 360 26 544 526 8 6,43 30,00 0,060
x '227 226,58 28,864 BOO 16 360 26 544 526 B 6,43 37,50 0,060
x 210 210,38 26,900 BOO 16 360 25 550 534 8 7,20 37,50 0,067
x 193 193,11 24,600 BOO 12 360 25 550 534 8 7,20 50,00 0,067
x 166 165,79 21,120 BOO 12 360 20 560 544 8 9.00 50.00 0,0El3
,, l , ,
\ : , , i,
\ \ \ ,I
\
, ! ,
ASEP Steel HanCbook

-18-
"~~~r-)11
wtL~:_~-W
BWSHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
l-w
Elastio Properties Plastic Modulus
a/I Axis X-X Axis y-y
xi 03 rt I S
3
I
s
S z" 3 z., 3 Designation
/mm mm xi OS xi 0 r x10 xi 03 r xi 0 xi 0 HxW
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm mm3 mm4 mm 3 mm3
1.09 94,4 4,064 10,160 329,1 249 1,385 81.3 11,556 2,147 BW 800 x 296
1,05 93,1 3,591 9,229 324,6 218 1,212 78,9 10,549 1,889 x 275
1.09 95,0 3,554 8,895 332,9 219 1,211 92,5 9,996 1,962 x 252
1.07 94,0 3,288 8,166 330.0 195 1,091 eo,6 9,225 1,668 x 236
1.12 96,2 3,126 7,914 340,2 195 1,091 94,9 8,663 1,647 x 212
1,03 76,9 2,916 7,039 322,9 113 752 64,6 9,063 1,173 BW eoo x 212
0,97 74,9 2,411 6,027 315.9 90 602 61,1 6,990 949 x 190
1,28 95,5 3,001 8,574 289,7 249 1,395 83,5 9,718 2,1'37 BW 700 x 281
1,32 97,0 2,915 8,329 296.3 249 1,394 86.6 9,313 2,114 x 261
1.29 96,1 2,633 7,524 294,0 218 1,211 84,6 8,433 1,856 x 239
1.33 97,9 2,644 7,270 302,1 218 1,210 89.4 8,018 1,839 x 219
1.31 87,1 2,326 6,645 300,3 194 1,081 96,8 7,343 1,643 x 203
1,50 95,7 1,919 6,395 248,6 218 1,212 83,8 7,245 1,859 BW 600 x 244
1.55 97,2 1,865 6,217 254,2 219 1,211 86,9 6,950 1,949 x 227
1,51 96,4 1,711 5,702 252,6 195 1,091 85,2 6,395 1,655 x 210
1.56 98,1 1,655 5,517 259.4 194 1,080 89,9 6,093 1,640 x 193
1.51 96,7 1,387 4,624 25('),3 156 964 85,8 5,117 1,316 x 166
ASEP Steel Handbook

-19-
"IJ=r ol-n
x---
y
I----X T h H
__ - --~'-=
i --111 8WSHAPES
Wt,:c----1-- _ ..... Dimensions
Propwtlu
l-~----l
Weight Area Web Flange Dietancee
Designation W A H tw B tf h T w B/~ HIt,. H/Ar
HxW kgfm mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1/mm
BW 600x 196 196,44 23,750 600 20 255 25 5SO 53<1 9 e,10 ~,OO 0.094
x 169 169,17 21,550 600 16 205 25 550 ~ 9 5,10 37,50 0,094
x 150 150.41 19,160 600 16 255 20 560 544 9 6,39 37,50 0,119
x 133 132,92 16,920 600 12 255 20 560 544 9 6,39 50,00 0,119
x 119 117,56 14,976 600 12 255 16 569 554 7 7,97 50,00 0,147
BW 600 x 157 157,39 20,050 600 16 225 25 550 634 8 4,50 37,50 0,107
x 140 140,12 17,850 600 12 225 25 5t'O 534 8 4,50 50,00 0,107
x 123 123.40 15,720 600 12 225 20 560 544 8 5,63 50,00 0,133
x 101 101 ,11 12,980 600 10 225 16 569 554 7 7,03 60,00 0,167
8W 600 x 90 99,60 11,440 600 10 190 16 569 554 7 5,63 60,00 0,209
x 79 79,13 10,090 600 10 190 12 576 566 5 7,50 60,00 0.279
8W 450 x 191 191.37 23,104 450 16 300 29 3$<, 378 9 5.36 29,13 0,054
x 168 167,99 21,400 450 is 000 25 400 394 8 6,00 29,13 0,060
x 155 155.43 19,900 450 12 300 25 400 394 9 6,00 37,50 0,060
x 133 132,92 16,920 450 12 300 20 410 394 9 7,50 37,50 0,075
x 109 100,17 13,790 450 10 300 16 419 404 7 9,39 45,00 0,094
BW 450 x 101 101.42 12,920 450 12 200 20 410 394 9 5,00 37,50 0,113
x 95 94,99 12,100 450 10 200 20 410 394 e 5,00 45,00 0,113
x 63 93,05 10,590 450 10 200 16 419 404 7 S,25 45,00 0,141
ASEP Steel Handbook

-20-
II~ TI
11
i:1- - - - x
x -:..- - - T h H
BWSHAPES
Dimensions
Jill
Wt-;:::II _I-Iw
L ~ I
Proper~es

Axie x-x Axie Y- Y
I
x10 S
SIS
xi OS r xi OS xi OS r
z.
xi 03
Zy
xi OS
Designation
HxW
mm4 mm s mm mm4 mms mm mms mms
1.36 64,9 1,332 4,439 236.8 69 545 54,1 5,179 969 BW 600 x 196
1,44 85.4 1,278 4,255 243,4 89 543 56,7 4,976 848 x 189
1.35 64,7 1,092 3,641 230,8 55 435 53,9 4,212 69S x 150
1.43 66,7 1,034 3,44$, ~47,2 55 434 57,2 3,999 670 x 133
1.36 65,1 679 2,931 242,3 44 347 54.4 3,351 541 x 119
1,40 57,8 1,152 3,641 239,7 48 424 48,7 4,444 668 BW 600 x 157
1.47 59.4 1,097 3,656 2'17,9 48 423 51.6 4,142 653 x 140
1.40 58,1 93S 3,109 243,S 38 338 49,2 3,551 52S x 123
1.37 57,8 787 2,558 244,0 30 270 48,6 2,909 419 x 101
1,31 45,1 844 2,147237,3 18 173 36,9 2,488 273 BW 600 x 90

1.19 43,2 533 l,n8 229,9 12 130 34,1 2,100 209 x 79
2,13 61.8 631 3,692 1aG,S 126 941 73,9 4,166 1,265 BW 450 x 191
a09 81,0 763 3,893 188,9 113 751 72,5 3,a28 1,151 x 168
a15 82,3 742 3,298 193,S 113 750 75.4 3,668 1,139 x 155
a07 81,2 624 2,n3 192,0 90 600 73,0 3,094 915 x 183
aos 80,9 51S 2,261 193,0 72 480 72,3 2,520 730 x 109
1.96 52,8 439 1,951 164,3 27 267 45,5 2,224 415 BW 450 x 101
201 53.4 426 1,900 169 0 27 267 47,0 2, 140 410 x 95
1.92 52,3 362 1,811 18-'3 1 21 214 44,9 1,8-26 330 x as
hSEP Steel Handbook

-21-
ff
i 7-=rl1f
x- - - -It --- xT
=J ,_lJ I
h H
w eWSHAPES
Wt -l Dimensions
-'--~T--~-"---'~~ ---.- t
Properties
L-~--1
Weight Nee Web Fiance Distances
Designation W A H tw B ~ h T W B/2tl HIt., H/~
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1/mm
BW 450 x 70 70.49 9,SSO 450 10 150 16 419 404 7 4.69 45.00 0.199
x 55 5M1 7,009 450 9 150 12 426 416 5 6.:25 56.:25 0.250
x 51 50.55 6,440 450 9 150 10 430 420 5 7.50 56.:25 0.300
BW $50 x 75 75.20 9,580 850 10 200 16 319 304 7 6.25 35.00 0.109
x 70 70.21 6,944 :350 9 200 15 216 804 7 5.25 43.75 0.109
x 59 58.15 7,408 350 6 200 12 325 316 5 6.33 43.75 0.146
BW 350 x 54 54.39 6,929 350 6 180 12 325 316 5 7.50 43.75 0.162
x 49 48.96 6,240 :350 6 180 10 330 320 5 9.00 43.75 0.194
x 44 43.60 5,590 350 6 160 10 330 320 5 9.00 59.33 0,194
ew 350 x 34 34.39 4,390 350 6 120 10 330 320 5 6.00 59.33 0,292
x 31 30.60 3,924 350 6 120 9 334 324 5 7.50 56.33 0.395
BW 300 x 51 51.24 6,529 300 9 180 12 276 266 5 7.50 37.50 (), 139
x 47 46.91 5,976 300 6 180 12 275 266 5 7.50 50.00 0.139
x 41 41.45 5,260 300 5 180 10 280 270 5 9.00 50.00 0.167
BW 300 x 29 26.89 3,660 300 6 100 10 260 270 5 5.00 50.00 D.300
x 25 25,94 3,304 300 5. 100 9 294 274 5 6.25 50.00 0,375
x Zl 22.98 2,926 300 6 100 6 266 279 5 9.33 50,00 0,500
ASEP Steel Handbook

-22-
-T1-
y
,~-
Irt=-+-
WI
= ~lll=-1-1
:
x---- :----x Th H
BWSHAPES
Dimensions i -c _
W jew
I
,ill
Properties
I
.;---------~
~ I
Elastic Proper~es Plastic Modulus

OJI Axisx-x AxisY-Y
. x108 rt I SIS ~ Zy Designation
/mm mm x10 6 x10 8 r x106 xi 03 r xi 08 xi 08 HxW
mm4 mm8 mm mm4 mm 3 mm mm8 mm3
1.91 89,1 297,0 1,276 178.9 9,0 120 31.7 1,478 190 BW 450 x 70
1. 76 37,9 224,2 997 178,9 6,8 90 31.1 1,151 142 x 55
1.66 36.9 199.2 861 175,4 5,6 75 29,6 1,030 119 x 51
2,60 53,5 205.4 1,174 146,4 21.4 214 47.2 1,322 328 BW 350 x 75
2.67 54,3 200.1 1,143 149.6 21,3 213 48.9 1,271 325 x 70
2,53 53.1 160.2 916 147.1 16.0 160 46.5 1,024 245 x 58
2.49 47.4 146.5 837 1454 11.7 130 41.1 943 200 BW 350 x 54
2.39 46.6 128.0 732 143.2 9.7 108 39.5 830 167 x 49
2,51 47,9 122.0 697 147,9 9,7 108 41.7 775 165 x 44
2,34 30,7 97,3 499 141,2 2,9 48 25,7 571 75 BW 350 x 34

2,20 29,9 74,9 427 13:),0 2,3 39 24,3 496 61 x 31
3,00 48,0 103.6 691 1260 11.7 130 42.3 774 199 BW 300 x 51
3,11 49.9 100.1 669 129.5 11.7 130 44,2 736 197 x 47
3. 01 48.3 86.7 678 128.1 9.7 108 42.9 640 165 x 41
2.73 25.5 53.0 854 120.1 1.7 33 21,3 408 53 BW 300 x 29

2.56 24,9 45,6 304 117.4 1.3 27 20,1 355 43 x 26
2.33 23,7 37,9 253 113,7 1.0 20 18.5 301 33 x 23
ASEP Steel Handbook

-23-
"~~r=o~m
-li 1 6WSHAPES
w
i-;= JI~~
-': -I.
, -
Dimensions
Properties
L-~---J
Weight Area Web Flange Distance;
Designation W A H ~ B t f h T w B/2tf H/~ H/A, .
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm min mm 1/mm
SW 2rox 42 42.45 5,409 2ro 9 1ro 12 226 216 5 6.25 31.25 0.139
x 39 39.90 4,956 2ro 6 1ro 12 226 216 5 6.25 41.67 0.139
x 34 34.38 4,380 250 6 150 10 230 220 5 7.50 41.67 0,167
SW 250 x 27 26,53 3,380 250 6 100 10 230 220 5 5.00 41,67 0.250
x 24 23.58 3,004 250 6 100 8 234 224 15 6.25 41.67 0.313
x 21 20.63 ~628 2ro 6 100 6 238 228 5 8.33 41.67 0.417
BW 200 x 39 39.31 5,008 200 8 150 12 176 166 5 6.25 25.00 0.111
x 32 32.03 4,080 200 6 150 10 180 170 5 7.50 33.33 0.133
8W 200 x 31 30,90 3,936 200 6 120 12 176 166 15 5,00 33,33 0,139
x 27 27,32 3,490 200 6 120 10 190 170 5 6.00 33,33 0,167
x 24 23,74 3,024 200 6 120 9 194 174 5 7,ro 33,33 0,206 i
8W 200 x 27 27.00 3,440 200 8 100 10 180 170 5 5.00 25.00 0.200
x 24 24.18 3,080 200 6 100 10 100 170 15 5.00 33.33 0.200
x 21 21.23 ~704 200 6 100 e 194 174 5 6,25 33.33 0.250
ASEP Steel Handbook

,
.Y
,
;
1
IIP-li
wi- :
y
1 m
BWSHAPES
Dlmen$lons
Properties y
I G
I
Elastic Prcperties Plastic Modulus
OJI Axis x-x AxisY-Y
xi OS rt I S I S ~ z., 3 Designation
/mm mm x1(f xi OS r xi 06 xi 03 r xi 03 xi 0 HxW
mm 4
mm s mm mm4 mm s mm mm3 mms
3,65 40,1 59,7 470 104,2 6,9 90 35.4 581 139 BW 250 x 42
3,77 40,9 56,9 454 1O{, 1 6,9 90 36,9 505 137 x S9
3,65 40,3 49,3 394 106,1 5,6 75 35,9 439 115 x 34
3,44 26,0 34,9 279 101,6 1.1 S3 22,2 319 52 BW 250 x 27

8.24 25.4 29,8 239 99,7 1.3 27 21,1 276 42 x 24
2.98 24.4 24,6 197 96,9 1.0 20 19,5 281 32 x 21
4,77 40,7 35,5 315 84,2 6,9 90 36,7 400 138 BW 200 x S9
4,75 40,9 30,0 SOC 85,9 5,6 75 37,1 334 114 x 32
4,90 32,7 29,2 Z92 84,7 3,5 59 29,6 317 ee BW 200 x 31

4,63 32,3 '2.1. 6 246 94,1 2,9 49 29,9 277 74 x '27
4,43 31,7 20,8 208 93,0 2,3 38 27,6 235 59 x 24
4,33 25,9 22,0 220 79,& 1.7 33 22,1 255 53 BW 200 x 27

4,58 26,6 21,0 210 82': 1,7 S3 23,3 239 52 x 24
4,30 26,0 17,9 179 81,3 1.3 27 22,2 204 42 x 21
ASEP Steel Handbook

-25-
"~~~lr~, rTI BH SHAPES

wt-c=J:l_ w -111
-~--r-~m .. _... j .~"--+
Dimensions
Properties
L---~----J
Weight Area Web Flanae Dietanoes
Desi gnation -w A H tw B tf h T w B/2I f HIt". H/~
BH 700 x 700 700,22 69,200 700 32 700 50 600 594 9 7,00 21,89 0,020
x 691 691,39 96,900 700 29 700 50 600 594 9 7,00 25,00 0,020
x 629 62963 90,090 700 29 700 45 610 594 9 7,79 25,00 0,022
x 614 614,26 79,250 700 25 700 45 610 594 9 7,79 29,00 0,022
x 508 508,29 64,750 700 25 700 35 630 614 8 10,00 29,00 0,029
x 484 483,66 61,600 700 20 700 35 630 614 8 10,00 35,(1() 0,029
BH 600 x 536 636,00 68,280 600 28 600 45 610 494 8 6,67 21.43 0,022 '
x 524 523,99 66,760 600 25 600 45 610 494 9 6,67 24,00 0,022
x 479 479,95 61,000 600 26 600 40 520 504 9 7,50 24,00 0,025
x 458 459.44 59,400 600 20 600 40 520 504 9 7,50 30,00 0,025
x 413 412,91 52,600 600 20 600 35 530 ,314 9 9,57 30,00 0,029
x 396 3&5,59 49,120 600 20 600 32 536 520 9 9,39 30,00 0.031
BH 450 x 423 423,27 53,920 450 16 600 40 370 ~ 9 7,50 29,13 0.019
x 412 411,65 52,440 450 12 600 40 370 354 9 7,60 37,50 0.019
x 366 365,50 46,560 450 12 600 35 390 364 9 9,57 37,50 0,021
ASEP Steel Handbook

-26-
j
t4=-:t-=---=:;-r:::=~ ITl
x---. I ____ X T h H
1
=jl~--=:o-UJ
8H SHAPES
Dimensions wi-
I
Properties
L-~-J
Q~I Axis X-X Axis y-y
x1(il rt I S I S z" 3 ?y, Designation
/mm mm xi OS xi oj r xi OS xi 03 r xi 0 xi 0 3 HxW
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm mm3 mm3
1.42 1934 7,984 22,812 299,2 2,860 8,171 179,1 25,630 12,404 8H 700 x 700
1.44 194,4 7,912 22,607 301.9 2,~9 8,170 181 ,~ 25,270 12,368 x 691
1,41 193,5 7,297 20,950 301.9 2,574 7,353 179,3 23,237 11,145 x 629
1.42 194,4 7,241 20,698 304,2 2,573 7,352 191,3 22,958 11,120 x 614
1.(37 192.0 5,943 16,981 3030 2,002 5,719 175.9 19,773 8,673 x 508
1.40 193.9 5,939 16,693 307,9 2, 001 5,718 180,2 18,277 8,638 x 484
1.B7 100,0 4,477 14,923 256.1 1,621 5,403 154,1 16,806 8,200 8H 600 x 536
1.59 166.9 4,444 14,813 258,0 1,621 5,402 155,9 16,611 8,180 x 524
1.SS 165.9 4,083 13,542 258.1 1,441 4,802 153,7 15,130 7,281 x 479
1.69 167.3 4,004 13,O~6 261.9 1,440 4,801 157,0 14,792 7,252 x 459
1.~ 100.3 3,6Q.4 12,014 261.9 1,260 4,201 154,8 13,270 6,353 x 413
1.62 16~,7 3,357 11,19:) 261.4 1,152 3,841 153,2 12,342 5,914 x 396
2.35 169.9 2,091 9,294 196.9 1,440 4,800 163.4 10,388 7,224 8H 450 x 423
2.37 17M 2,074 9,219 198,9 1,440 4,800 165,7 10,251 7,213 x 412
2.33 170.2 1,888 8,300 20D.3 1,260 4,200 164,5 9,148 6,314 x 365
ASEP Steel Handbook

-27-
If9:= 1
~111
I
w
I
I
X---_.I---X T h H
I
-1~-lU
BH SHAPES
wiL Dimensions
y Proper~"
I IB
Alee.
Weight A Wflb Flange Dililtancee
Designation W x10S H Iw B ~ h T w B/2tt HIt,. H/At
HxW kgfm mm 2 mm mm mm rf'lm mm mm mm 1/mm
BH 450 x 441 441.17 (56,200 450 32 450 6') ~ 334 8 4,50 14,06 0.020
x 430 400,19 ~,900 450 29 450 50 350 334 9 4,50 16.07 0,020
x 397 397,Oe 5O,eeO 450 29 450 'lei 360 344 9 e,oo 16,07 0,022 i
x 369 399.69 49,500 450 ~ 450 'Ie 380 344 9 e,oo 19,00 0,022
x 322 321,96 41,000 450 2!5 450 ~ 300 384 8 6,43 19,00 0,029
x 007 :306.94 39,100 450 20 450 35 380 364 8 6.43 22,50 0.029
x 007 306.94 39,100 450 20 450 35 380 3S4 8 6,43 22,50 0.029
x 280 259.68 33,060 450 20 450 29 394 378 8 8.04 22,50 0,036
8H 350 x 237 236,99 00,190 350 25 360 32 28S 270 8 5,63 14,00 0.030
x 226 ~,77 29,760 350 20 360 32 296 270 8 5,63 17,50 0,030
x 204 204,41 26,040 350 20 360 29 294 278 8 6.43 17,50 0,035
x 204 204.41 26,040 350 20 360 29 294 278 8 6,43 17,50 0,035
x 198 188.40 24,000 350 20 sec ~ 300 284 8 7,20 17,50 0.039
x 179 179.98 22,800 350 16 360 2!5 300 284 8 7,20 21,86 0.039
x 170 169,56 21,600 350 12 360 25 300 294 8 7,20 29,17 0.039
x 142 142,24 18,120 350 12 350 20 810 294 8 9,00 29.17 0.049
x 1S7 137,38 17,500 350 10 360 20 310 294 8 9,00 35,00 0,049
8H 350 x 149 149,02 18,984 350 18 255 29 294 278 8 4,55 21.88 0,049
x 140 139,79 17,808 350 12 255 29 294 278 8 4,55 29,17 0.049
x 128 128,35 16,350 350 12 2!55 2!5 300 294 8 e,10 29,17 O.~
x 124 123,64 16,7!50 350 10 255 25 300 294 8 5,10 35,00 O,~
x 104 104.41 13,300 350 10 255 20 310 294 9 6.38 ~,OO 0.069
ASEP Steel Handbook

-28-
Ift--35-~ir -n
'(
x---j:r----x
f
T h H
wiL~CCjt.~-Jll
BH SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties ,
l---~-J
Elastic Properties Plastic Modulus
OJI Axis X-X AxisY-Y
. x103 rt I 8 I 8 Zy Designation
6 3 6
z" 3
/mm mm xi 0 xi 0 r x10 xi 03 r xi 0 xi 0 3
HxW
mm 4 mm 3
mm mf!l4 mm3 mm mm3 mm3
2.34 124.8 1,924 8,550 185.0 760 3,879 1j 6.3 9,980 5,152 BH 450 x 441
2.36 125.4 1,909 8,486 186.7 760 3,878 117.8 9,858 5,131 x 430
2,31 124,8 1,776 7,895 187.4 684 3,040 116.3 9,108 4,627 x 397
2,32 125.3 1,765 7,844 188,8 684 3,040 117,5 9,011 4,613 x 389
2,22 123.8 1,474 6,!'i50 189,6 532 2,365 1139 7,439 3,603 x 322
2.25 125.0 1, 151 6,449 192,6 532 2,364 1166 7,258 3,582 x 307
2,25 125.0 -, ,451 6,449 192.6 532 2,364 116.6 7,258 3,582 x 307
2,17 123.6 1,226 5,447 192.5 426 1,891 113.4 6,093 2,874 x 260
2,89 98,9 633 3,618 14'.. 'l 249 1,384 90.9 4,175 2,118 BH 350 x 237
2,94 99.9 623 3,562 147.2 249 1,383 93,1 4,072 2,102 x 226
2,87 99,2 566 3,,'136 147,5 218 1,211 915 3,678 1,844 x 204
2,87 99,2 566 3,236 147.5 218 1,211 91,5 3,678 1,844 x 204
2,91 99,6 521 2,979 147,4 195 1,081 90,0 3,375 1,650 x 189
2,96 99.6 512 2.927 149.9 195 1,081 92.4 3,285 1,639 x 179
2.91 100,6 503 2,876 152.6 194 1,080 94.9 3,195 1,631 x 170
2,91 99.7 422 2,413 152.7 156 864 92.7 2,664 1,307 x 142
2,85 100.4 417 2,385 154.4 156 864 94.3 2,616 1,304 x 137
2,94 69.9 405 2, 314 146.1 77 608 63.9 2,645 929 BH 350 x 149
2,90 70,9 396 2,266 149,2 77 607 65,9 2,558 921 x 140
2,94 70.4 364 2,082 149,3 69 542 65,0 2,342 824 x 129
2,99 70,9 360 2,056 151.2 69 542 662 2,297 820 x 124
2,79 70,1 303 1,731 150,9 55 434 64.5 1,923 658 x 104
ASEP Steel Handbook

-29-
trt J-=:'-~-lTl
x----I ---x 1 h H
wi~ oj! -iw jJ I

===::::J _'" __ +
BH SHAPES
Dimensions
Prop$I'ties
L: 8 _ ... _.~
__ I
Weight Area Web Flanae Distanoes

Designation W H tw B tf h HIA,
A
2 T !IW BI2tf HIt"
HxW kglm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1/mm
BH 300 x 333 332.94 42,400 300 32 360 50 200 194 9 3.60 9.39 0.017
x 327 326.56 41,600 300 29 360 50 200 194 8 3.60 10.71 0.017
x 300 300.60 39,280 300 28 3eo 45 210 194 8 4.00 10.71 0.019
x 296 295.55 37,650 300 25 360 45 210 194 8 4.00 12.00 0.019
x 259 259.74 32,960 300 25 360 39 224 209 e 4.74 12.00 0.022
x 250 249.94 31,840 300 20 360 38 224 208 8 4.74 15.00 0.022
x 218 217.92 27,760 300 20 360 32 236 220 8 5.63 15.00 0.026
x 197 196.56 25,040 300 20 360 28 244 228 8 6.43 15.00 0.030
x 191 180.55 23,000 300 20 360 25 250 234 8 7.20 15.00 0.033
BH 300 x 170170.19 21,680 300 20 300 28 244 228 9 5.36 15.00 0.036
x 163162.53 20,704 300 16 300 29 244 228 8 Me 16.75 0.036
x 149149.15 19,000 300 16 300 25 250 234 8 6.00 16.75 0.040
x 141141.30 16,000 300 12 800 25 250 234 6 6.00 25.00 0.040
x 119119.69 15,120 300 12 300 20 260 244 6 7.50 25.00 0.050
x 115114.61 14,SOO 300 10 300 20 260 244 8 7.50 30.00 0.050
x 96 96.40 12,280 300 10 300 16 268 254 7 9.39 30.00 0.063
x 92 92.19 11,744 300 8 300 16 268 254 7 9.39 37.50 0.063
BH 300 x 85 85.09 10,840 300 10 255 16 :':013 254 7 7.97 30.00 0.074
x 61 90.99 10,304 300 9 255 16 ;268 254 7 7.97 37.50 0.074
BH 300 x 79 77.56 9,980 300 10 225 16 269 254 7 7.02 30,00 0,093
x 64 64.06 8,160 300 10 225 12 276 266 5 9.,19 30.00 0.111
x 60 59.72 7,609 300 9 2Z'S 12 276 2661 5 9.39 37.50 0.111
ASEP Steel Handbook

-30-
-~i[=ll1
t(t-- 1_ L
I \~r---
:1- - - - x T h H
-ilJ
x- - -
SH SHAPES 1w
Dimensions
w+-.-
+c
-:r-
=-i.... =:-J '_.
Properties
L-~~---l
Elastio Properties PI astio Modu Ius
Qll Axis X-X Axis y-y
x1Q3 rl I S I S Z. 3 Zy Designation
3
/mm mm xi 06 xi 03 r xi 06 xi 03 r xi 0 xi 0 HxW
mm 4
mm 3 mm mm 4
mm 3
mm mm3 mm 3
3,80 101,0 591 3,942 118,1 389 2,163 95,8 4,820 3,291 SH 300 x 333
3,82 101.3 589 3,924 119,0 389 2,162 96,7 4,780 3,279 x 327
3,71 100,8 546 3,643 121.1,5 343 1,903 95.4 4,370 2,893 x 295
3,73 101,1 544 3,627 121.3 342 1,902 96,2 4,336 2,ee4 x 290
3,61 100,5 496 3,308 122,7 296 1,643 94,7 3,898 2,497 x 259
3.55 101,2 492 8,277 124,3 296 1,642 96.4 3,835 2,485 x 250
3.53 100,5 438 2,917 125.6 249 1,383 94,7 3,366 2,097 x 218
3,44 100,0 398 2,re6 126,1 218 1,211 93,3 3,039 1,839 x 197
3,37 99.4 367 2,449 126.4 195 1,081 92,0 2,788 1,645 x 181
.
3.40 82,7 336 2,240 124,5 126 841 76,3 2,582 1,294 SH 300 x 170
3.45 83,4 331 2,209 125,5 126 841 78,0 2,523 1,276 x 163
:3,:38 8:3,0 305 2,035 126,7 113 751 770 2,313 1,141 x 149
3,44 83,9 300 2,000 129,1 113 750 79,1 2,250 1,134 x 141
3,32 83,1 253 1,688 129,4 90 600 77.2 1,883 909 x 119
3,3S 83.6 250 1,668 130,9 90 600 78,5 1,949 907 x 115
3,25 82,9 210 1,399 130,7 72 480 76,6 1,543 727 x 96
3,30 93,5 207 1,377 132,6 72 480 78,3 1,507 724 x 92
3,21 69,9 181 1,205 129,1 44 347 63,9 1,338 527 BH 300 x 85
3,25 70,5 178 1,184 131,3 44 347 65,5 1,302 524 x 81
3,17 51.3 151 1,075 127,9 30 270 55,5 1,202 412 SH 300 x 78
3,00 60,0 130 964 125.0 23 203 52,9 968 311 x 54
3,08 60,9 126 840 128,7 28 203 54,7 930 808 x 50
ASEP Steel Handbook

-31-
r'.
i1rwt- C-r
x- - -
y
J[ ---r
n
-J-
xT hH
vr~i~--111
SH SHAPES
Dim$n$ion$
y
Prop$l'~n
I B
I
Weight Area ~Fianae Distanoes
Designation W A H tw B tf h r w B/2tf H/t,.., H/~
SH 250 x 157 157.31 20,040 250 20 255 32 196 170 9 3.99 12.50 0.031
x 143 142.56 19,160 250 20 255 28 194 179 8 4.55 12.50 0.035
x 125 125.21 15,950 250 16 255 25 200 194 8 5,10 15,63 0.039
x 119 119.93 15,150 250 12 255 25 200 184 8 5.10 20,83 0,039
x 100 99.85 12,720 250 12 255 20 210 194 8 6,38 20,83 0.049
x 81 81.17 10,340 250 10 255 16 219 204 7 7.97 25.00 0.061
x 78 77.75 9,904 250 8 255 16 218 204 7 7.97 31.25 0.061
BH 250 x 67 67.35 8,580 250 10 200 16 218 204 7 6.25 25.00 0.078
x 52 51.87 6,608 250 8 200 12 226 216 5 8.33 31.25 0.10<1
x 46 45,84 5,940 250 8 200 10 230 220 5 10.00 31.25 0.125
SH 200 x 97 97,34 12,400 200 16 200 25 150 134 8 4,00 12,50 0.040
x 83 82,90 10,560 200 16 200 20 160 144 8 5,00 12,50 O.~O
x 78 . 77.87 9,920 200 12 200 20 160 144 8 5.00 16.67 0,050
x 75 75.36 9,600 200 10 200 20 160 144 8 5.00 20.00 0.050
x 63 63.43 8,060 200 10 200 16 168 154 7 6.25 20,00 0.063
x 51 51.50 6,560 200 10 200 12 176 166 5 9.33 20.00 0.083
x 49 48.73 6,206 200 8 200 12 176 168 5 8.33 25.00 0,083
SH 200 x 39 39.31 5,008 200 8 150 12 175 166 5 6.25 25,00 0,111
x 37 36.55 4,656 200 6 150 12 176 166 5 6.25 33,33 0,1111
x 32 32,03 4,080 200 6 150 10 190 170 5 7,00 33.33 0.133 !
.-
ASEP Steel Handbook

-32-
tit ~- ---:r---=
w 111
x- - - :1- -- .- - x T h H
BH SHAPES
Dim.nslons
Properties
Wj _ -c' Jll
.+. !____ ~_.,....~_===:J
,
y
I B
-l
Elastio Properties. Plastic Modulus
OJI Axis X-X Axis y-y
x10s rt I S ! S Z. Zy Desig nati on
/mm mm x10 6 x10" r x10 6 x10s r x10 3 x103 HxW
mm4 mm 3
mm ml':1 mm4 3
mm mm3 mrn3
4,32 71.0 20 i,O 1,649 101.4 99.6 695 66.5 1,952 1,059 BH 250 x 157
4,19 70,5 139,0 1,512 102.0 77.5 1309 65,3 1,773 930 x 143
4,15 70.7 172,7 1,392 104,1 69,2 542 65.9 1,594 826 x 125
4,22 71.4 170.0 1,S60 105("- 69,1 542 67,5 1,554 820 x 119
4,06 70,9 144,5 1,156 106.~ 55.3 434 65.9 1,305 658 x 100
8,96 70,5 120.5 964 108.C, 44.2 347 65.4 1,074 526 x 81
4,02 71.1 118.8 9'50 109.5 44.2 347 66.8 ! 1,050 524 x 78
8.88 54.7 96,4 771 106.0 21,4 214 49.91 868 325 BH 250 x 67
8.77 54,4 75.7 606 107,1 16.0 160 49.2 673 244 x 52
3,65 53,9 65,7 526 106,1 13,3 133 47,8 596 204 x 46
5,36 I 55,6 91,6 916 81,1 33.4 334 51.9 965 510 BH 200 x 97
5,10 54,9 70,5 705 81.7 26,7 267 50,3 822 410 x 93
5,21 55,6 69,2 692 83,5 26,7 267 51.9 797 406 x 78
5,26 55.9 69.5 685 84.5 26.7 267 52.7 784 404 x 75
5,05 55.4 58,3 583 84.9 21.3 213 514 659 324 x 63
4,80 54.5 47,0 470 84,7 16,0 160 49.4 529 244 x 51
4,89 55,1 46.1 461 86,2 16,0 160 50.8 513 243 x 49
4,77 40,7 35,5 355 84,2 6.8 90 36,7 400 138 8H 200 x 39
4,69 41,3 34,6 346 96,2 6.8 90 38,1 385 137 x 37
4,75 40,9 30,0 300 85,9 5,6 75 37,1 334 1j 4 x 32
ASEP Steel Handbook

-33-
n
y
"~45='1r---~1
X-----'Ir'---X T hH
w~=J!L=~J_U
SH SHAPES
Dimensions .
j Y
_ _ ll___ -1,
Proper tin
lA, Flange ~
I '"'''\:i''' Area
,'_~
Web
Designation W A H tl'! B tf h T w B!2t f H!t,., H!Ar
HxW kg!m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 1!mm
8H 200 x 27 27,32 3,480 200 6 120 10 180 170 5 6,00 33,33 0,167
x 24 23,74 3,024 200 6 120 8 184 174 5 7,50 33.33 0.206
i i
ASEP Steel Handoook

-34-
--
lTI
y
t,l wl~c:=-t-=
9H SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
:.~l~'lli
I J Y
+--_..L __.
Elastio Properties Plastio Modulus

Q/I Axis X-X AxisY-Y
x103 rt I S I S 2" 3 Z" Dasig nati on
/mm mm x10 6 x10 3 r x10 6 x103 r x10 X103 HxW
mm4 mm3 mm mm4 mm3 mm mm3 mm3
-
4,63 32.3 24,6 246 641 2.9 46 26,9 277 74 BH 200 x 27
4A:3 31.7 20,6 209 63,0 2.3 36 27.6 235 59 X 24
ASEP Steel Handbook

-35-
"FFT- -t-r
w
1 y
x--- : ---x-l
I
I
H BWTSHAPES
Dimensions
-1: -tw I Properties
I _~
Weight Area Stem Flan> e Dletancsra

Designation W A H tw tJ2 Area B tl tJ2 h T w
HxW kg/m mm 2 mnl mm mm mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm
8WT 500 x 249 249,26 31,625 500 25 ~2,5 12,500 450 45 22,5 455 447 e
x 230 230.40 29,350 500 20 10,0 10,000 450 45 22,5 455 447 e
x 214 213,52 27,200 500 20 10,0 10,000 450 40 20,0 460 452 e
x 197 196,64 25,050 500 20 10,0 10,000 450 35 17,5 465 4~ e
x 197 19652 23,760 500 20 10,0 10,000 450 32 16,0 469 490 8
BWT 450 x 238 239.44 30,375 450 25 12,5 11,250 450 45 22,5 405 397 8
x 222 221.76 29,250 45,1 25 12,0 11,250 450 40 20,0 410 402 e
x 206 205.67 26,200 450 20 10,0 9,000 450 40 20,0 410 402 e .i
x 199 198,79 24,050 450 20 10,0 9,000 450 35 17,5 415 407 e
)( 119 179,67 22,760 450 20 10,0 9,000 450 32 16,0 419 410 e
x 16iS 16iS,16 21,040 450 20 10,0 9,000 450 29 14,0 <22 414 e
x 152 151.91 19,352 450 16 9,0 7,200 450 29 14,0 422 414 e
x 142 141,69 19,050 450 16 9,0 7,200 450 25 12,5 425 417 e
8WT 450 x 149 147,59 19,900 450 20 10,0 9,00D 300 35 17,5 415 407 e
x 141 140,99 17,960 450 20 10,0 9,000 300 32 16,0 419 410 e
x 132 132,19 16,940 450 20 10,0 9,000 300 29 14,0 422 414 e
x 119 119,94 15,152 450 16 9,0 7,200 300 29 14,0 422 414 e
x 112 112,26 14,300 450 16 9,0 7,200 300 25 12,5 425 417 e
x 101 101.11 12,980 450 16 9,0 7,200 300 20 10,0 430 422 e
ASEP Steel Handbook

-36-
lire: ~rI
,--y=]
I 8
wi y
BWTSHAPES
,--]:1 . - ,-I ,
Dimensions
Properties -~W-Iw
y
--l
Elastic P'operties 21T2E
C'c = - -
Axis X-X AxisY-Y O,Oly
H/~ I I S I S O. = 1.0 Designation
x106 x103 r y x10 6 x103 r HxW
mm 4 mm3 mm mm mm4 mm 3 mm O. C'o
20,00 654,9 1,690 143,9 112,4 342,3 1,521 104,0 - - - - ---- BWT 500 x 248
25,00 552,8 1,382 137,2 100.0 342,0 1,520 108,0 0,845 137 x 230
25,()(J 545,1 1,379 141,6 104,6 304,1 1,351 105,7 0,845 1:,7 x 214
25,00 534,6 1,372 146,1 110,3 266,1 1,183 103,1 0,845 137 x 197
25,00 526,6 1,366 148,9 114,5 243,3 1,081 101,2 0,845 137 x 187
19,00 493,~ 1,372 126,2 97,5 342,2 1,521 106,1 - - - - ---- BWT 450 x 239
19,00 476,6 1,369 129,9 101,6 804,3 1,352 103,8 ---- - - - - x m
22,50 402,5 1,119 123,9 90,4 304,0 1,351 107,7 0,951 129 x 206
22,50 395.9 1,116 128,3 95,2 266,1 1,182 105,2 0,951 129 x 189
22,50 '390,7 1,112 131,0 98,6 243,3 1,081 103.4 0,951 129 x 179
22,50 382,0 1,105 134,7 104,3 212,9 946 100,6 0_951 129 x 165
28,13 323,6 905 129,3 92,5 212,8 946 104,9 0,703 150 x 152
28,13 317,5 900 132,6 97,3 190,0 844 102,6 0,703 150 x 142
22,50 354,9 1,005 137,4 116.8 79,0 527 64,8 0,951 129 BWT 450 x 149
22,50 348,9 1,059 139.4 1t'0,7 72,3 482 63.4 0,951 129 x 141
22,50 339,9 1,049 141,9 126,8 63,3 422 61,8 0,951 129 x 132
28,13 290,2 965 139,4 114,3 63,1 421 64,6 0,703 H50 x 119
28,13 293,3 957 140,9 119,5 56.4 376 62,9 0,703 150 x 112
28,13 269,5 839 1-14.4 130,2 45,1 301 59,2 0,703 150 x 101
Where no value of C', 01 C, 10 ohown, the oectlon complies with NSCP Sectk>n 4,9,1,2
ASEP Steel Handbook

-37-
8
I~-I
~!~ c::==:; =:::J~"
,x- - - :'f - - - x--+' I 8WTSHAPES

- :,- t .
tJ w.
r Dimensions
Properties
: ~-.------ .
y
Weight Area Stem Flange Distances

Desl gnatlon W A H tw tJ2 Area S tf t~2 h T w
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm2 mm mm mm mm mm mm
8WT 400 x 149 149,21 19,990 400 20 10,0 9,000 380 32 16.0 '369 3eO 9
x ~38 137,53 17,520 400 20 10,0 8,000 3eO 28 14,0 372 364 9
x 126 125.85 16,032 400 16 8.0 6,4C'O 860 29 140 872 364 9
x 118 117,75 15,000 400 16 8,0 6,400 860 25 12,5 375 387 9
x 106 105.99 18,500 400 12 6,0 4,800 360 25 12,5 875 387 8
8WT 400 x 106 10M9 13,500 400 1e 9,0 6,400 300 25 12,5 375 387 9
x 95 94,93 12,090 400 16 9,0 6,400 300 20 10.0 390 372 9
SWT 350 x 140 140,36 17,990 350 20 10,0 7,000 380 82 16.0 318 310 9
x 130 130,37 16,609 350 16 9,0 MOO 380 32 16.0 319 310 9
x 120 119,57 15,232 350 16 9.0 5,600 380 29 14.0 322 314 8
x 109 109.46 13,944 350 12 6.0 4,200 380 28 14.0 322 814 9
x 101 101.27 12,900 350 12 6.0 4,200 360 25 12,5 325 317 9
8WT 300 x 122 121.83 15,520 300 20 10.0 6,000 380 28 14.0 272 264 8
x 113 113,29 14,432 300 16 9,0 4,900 380 29 14,0 272 364 8
x 105 105,19 13,400 300 16 9,0 4,900 3eO 25 12,5 275 267 9
x 97 96,56 12,300 300 12 6,0 3,600 360 25 12,5 275 267 e
x 93 82,90 10,560 300 12 6,0 3,600 3eO 20 10.0 290 272 8 i
ASEP Steel Handbook

38-
8
r--Y-i
w! ~~]F
1Ft I -'-1
Y
8WTSHAPES '-----!----X-1 !I
Dimensions
Properties -'If I..;
I
Y
-J
Elastic Properties C'o =2rc
--
2E
Axis X-X AxisY-Y O.O/y

HIt". I S I S OR = 1.0 Designation
x10 6 x10 s r y x10 6 x10 s r HxW
mm4 mm s mm mm mm 4 mm s mm 0, C'o
20.00 263.7 962 119.2 94.0 124.7 693 81.3 ---- ---- 8WT 400 x 149
20.00 257.7 956 121.3 98.9 109.1 606 79.9 ---- ---~- x 138
25.00 219.0 702 1169 88.3 109.0 606 82.5 0.845 137 x 126
25.00 214.9 698 119.7 92.5 97.3 541 80.6 0.845 137 x 118
33.33 173.2 540 113.3 79.2 97.3 540 84.9 0.501 178 x 106
25.00 204.0 693 122.9 101.4 56.4 376 64.6 0.845 137 8WT 400 x 106
25.00 194,2 671 126.8 110,7 45,1 301 61.1 0,845 137 x 95
17,50 180,1 663 ~OO.4 78,2 124,6 692 83,5 ---- - - - - 8WT 350 x 140
21.89 151,9 542 95,6 69,6 124.5 692 86,6 0,978 128 x 130
21.89 149.6 540 99.1 73.2 109,0 605 84.6 0.978 128 x 120
29,17 119.6 416 S2,6 62.5 108.9 805 88.4 0.654 156 x 109
29,17 118,1 415 95.7 65.4 97.2 540 86.8 0.654 156 x 101
15,00 113.7 487 85,6 66,6 109.0 606 83.8 ---- ---- BWT 300x 122
19,75 9M 398 91.5 59,2 109,0 605 86,9 ---,,- ---- x 113
19,75 94,7 397 94,1 61,9 97,3 541 95,2 ---- ---- x 105
25.00 75,6 306 79,4 527 97,2 540 89,9 0,945 137 x 97
25.00 73,7 304 83.6 57,7 77.9 432 95,8 0,845 137 x 93
I Where no value of C', or Q, 10 ohown, the oectlon complleo with NSCP Sect. 4,9,1,2
ASEP Steel Handbook

-39-
I y----r
8
,- - r---,--1- ,
"9col~otl
W I
-it- 'w
Y
H 8WTSHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
y
Welghl Area Slem Flan e Distances

Deaignalion W A H Iw t,)2 Area 8 I, 1,/2 h T w
H ;(W kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm2 mm mm mm mm mm mm
eWT 300 x 93 93,22 11,975 300 20 10,0 6,000 255 25 12,5 275 267 9
x ~ 94,59 10,775 300 16 9,0 4,90 255 25 12,5 275 267 9
x 75 75,20 9,590 300 16 9,0 4,900 255 20 100 290 272 9
x 66 66.41 9,460 300 12 6,0 3,600 255 20 10,0 290 272 9
x 59 59,79 7,499 300 12 6,0 3,600 255 16 9,0 294 277 7
8WT SOOx 79 79,70 10,025 300 16 8,0 4,900 225 25 12,5 275 267 8
x 65 65,05 9,28S 300 12 6,0 3,600 225 22 11,0 279 270 8
x 60 60.03 7,647 300 12 6,0 3,600 225 19 9,5 291 274 7
x 51 50,55 6,440 300 10 5,0 3,000 225 16 8,0 284 277 7
eWT 300 x 45 44,90 5,720 300 10 es.o s.oOO 190 16 8,0 294 277 7
x 40 39,56 5,040 300 10 5,0 3,000 180 12 6,0 299 283 ~
eWT 225 x 91 90,69 11,552 225 16 ao 3,600 300 29 14,0 197 199 e.
x94 84,00 10,700 225 16 8,0 3,600 300 25 12,5 200 192 8
x 78 77.72 9,900 225 12 6,0 2,700 300 25 12,5 200 192 e
x 66 66,41 8,4S0 225 12 6,0 2,700 SOO 20 10,0 205 197 e
x 54 54,09 6,990 225 10 5,0 2,250 300 16 9,0 209 202 7
eWT 225 x 51 50,71 6,460 225 12 $,0 2,700 200 20 10,0 205 197 e'
x 47 47.49 6,050 225 10 S,O 2,250 200 20 10,0 205 197 e
x 42 41,53 5,290 225 10 5,0 2,250 200 16 9,0 209 202 7'
ASEP Steel Handbook

AO
Ilt~
i--'~--;-------r
~
I Il r ....-
WI
:C=::=Jt-= ] I Y
x--- I----x---l-
eWTSHAPES 1:1 H
Dimensions
Properties
--t'Iii: f-
:11
tw
1
_....__ .
,
Elastic Properties C' a =2rc2E

--
Axis X-X Axis y-y Qsaly
HIt" I S I S a. = 1.0 Desl gnation
x10 6 x103 r y x106 x10 S r HxW
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm mm 4 mm 3 mm as C'o
15.00 101.4 465 92.4 82.0 34.7 272 54.1 ---- ---- BWT 300 x 93
18.75 86.6 383 89.7 73.8 34.6 272 56.7 ---- ---- x 95
18.75 83.1 378 93.1 80.1 27.7 217 53.8 ---- ---- x 75
25.00 67.7 294 89.5 69.6 27.7 217 57.2 0.845 137 x 66
25.00 64.8 290 93.0 76.3 22.1 174 54.4 0.845 137 x 59
I
19.75 83.6 377 91.3 79.3 23.8 212 49.7 ---- ---- BWT 300 x 79
25.00 66.5 291 89.6 71.4 20.9 186 50.3 0.945 137 x 65
25.00 64.7 269 92.0 75.6 18.1 161 48.6 0.945 137 x 60
30.00 54.9 243 92.3 741 15.2 135 48.6 0.618 160 x 51
30.00 51.3 236 94.7 52.5 7.8 87 3$.9 0.618 160 BWT 300 x 45
30.00 47.7 229 97.3 91.7 5.9 65 34.1 0.618 160 x 40
14.OS 39.9 220 58.7 44.7 63.1 420 73.9 ---- ---- BWT 225 x 91
14.06 39,4 221 60.7 46.1 56.3 375 72.5 ---- -_._- x 84
19.75 31.4 170 56.3 39.8 56.3 375 75.4 ---- --~,-
x 78
18.75 3Q.9 169 6J.4 42.7 45.0 300 73.0 ---- ---- x 66
22.50 26.1 143 61.6 42.1 36.0 240 72.3 0.951 129 x 54
18.75 26.0 163 65.9 52.8 13.4 134 45.5 ---- ---- BWT 225 x 51
22.50 24.5 138 63.6 48.1 13.4 134 47.0 0.951 129 x 47
22.50 23.7 137 66.9 52.4 10.7 107 44.9 0.951 129 x 42
Where no value of C'. or Q, is shown, the section complies with NSCP Sect. 4.9. 1.2.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-41-
8
I--;----r
IfF= : =]
":~f,-r
i
,I Ii
8WT SHAPES
Dimensions
- 'k 1
L~ VI ____ . Properties
y
Weight Area
Designation W A
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm
HI
8WT 2~x 85 85,25 4,490 225 10 5,0 2,250 150 16 8,0 209 202
x 28 27,51 3,504 225 8 4,0 1,800 150 12 6,0 213 209
x 25 25,28 8,220 225 8 4,0 1,900 150 10 5,0 215 210 22
2S
BWT 175 x 88 37,60 4,790 175 10 5,0 1,750 200 16 8,0 159 152 2S
x 35 35,11 4,472 175 8 4,0 1,400 200 16 8,0 159 152
x 29 29,08 3,704 175 8 4,0 1,400 200 12 6,0 163 158 17,
21,
8WT 175 x 27 27,19 3,464 175 8 4,0 1,400 180 12 6,0 163 158 21.
x 24 24,49 3,120 175 8 4,0 1,400 180 10 5,0 165 160
x 22 21,90 2,790 175 6 3,0 1,050 180 10 5,0 165 160 21.1
21.1
BWT 175 x 17 17,19 2,190 175 6 3,0 1,050 120 10 5,0 165 160 29,'
x 15 15,40 1,962 175 6 3,0 1,050 120 8 4,0 167 162
[ 29.1
i 29,1
8WT 150 x 26 25,62 3,264 150 8 4,0 1,200 180 12 6,0 138 133
x 23 23.46 2,988 150 6 3,0 900 180 12 6,0 138 133
x 21 20,72 2,640 150 6 3,0 900 180 10 5,0 140 135
8WT 150 x 14 14,44 1,840 150 6 3,0 900 1no 10 5,0 140 135
x 13 12,97 1,652 150 6 3,0 900 100 9 4,0 142 137
x 11. 11,49 1,464 150 6 3,0 900 100 6 3,0 144 139
ASEP Steel Handbook

42
B
-r
-r= --1
I y
tp=-_J 'j--
I
,----
]y
x--+
IV
x--- I_ __ -
8WTSHAPES . I
1 H
Dimensions
Properties ->~<-IW
y
----
Elastic Properties C' a =2rr2E
--
Ieee
w Axis X-X AxisY-Y O,Oly
n mm I s3 I S = 1.0 Dulgnation
HIt." Q.
xl0 S xl0 r y xl OS xl0 3 r HxW
4 3
mm4 mm3 mm mm mm mm mm Q, C'o
02 7
oe 5
22,50 21,90 182,4 69,7 00.4 4,52 60.2 81.7 0.951 129 8WT 225 X 85
:10 5
29.18 17.54 106.9 70.9 60.7 8.88 45.1 81.1 0.708 150 X 28
29.1 :3 . 16.78 104.9 72.2 6~.1 2.82 87.6 29.6 0.708 150 x 25
52 7
52 7
17,50 11.55 8:3.7 49.1 87.0 10.68 . 106.8 47.2 ---- - - - - BWT 175 x 88
58 5
21.99 9.72 68.4 46.6 8.2.9 10.67 IOS.7 48.9 0.978 128 X 85
21.99 9.89 67,9 508 86.9 8.01 00,1 46.5 0.978 128 X 29
158 5
160 5
21.99 9.14 67.2 51.4 88.9 5.84 64.9 411 0.979 129 8WT 175 X 27
100 5
21.99 9,94 1'>6.5 5S.2 42.0 4.87 54.1 39.5 0.979 128 X 24
29.17 7.15 (,,1.5 50.6 86.0 4.86 54.0 41.7 0.654 156 X 22
100 5
162 5 175 X 17
29.17 6.41 49.1 54.1 44.6 1.44 24.0 25.7 0654 156 BWT
29.17 6.09 48.2 55.7 48.7 116 19.8 24.8 0.654 156 X 15
188 5
138 5
18.75 5.89 49.6 42.5 81.4 5.84 64.9 42.8 - - - - ---- BWT 150 X 26
185 5
25.00 4. 71 88.2 8S.7 26.e 5.98 64.8 44.2 0.845 187 X 28
25.00 4.61 89.0 41.9 29.9 4.96 '54.0 42.9 0.845 187 X 21
185 5
187 5
25.00 8.95 85.6 46.8 8.S.2 0.84 16.7 21.8 0.845 187 BWT 150 X 14
139 5
25.00 8.76 85.0 47.7 42.7 0.67 18.4 20.1 0.945 187 X 18
25.00 8.49 88.9 49.9 47.3 0.50 10.1 19.5 0.845 137 X 11
I
Where no value of C', or 0,10 ohown, the oectlon complieD with NSCP Sect. 4.9.1.2
ASEP Steel Handbook

-43-
BWTSHAPES
Dimeniions
Properties
Weight Area Stem Flan e Distances

Desi gnation W A H tw lJ2 Area B tf tf/2 h T w
HxW kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm HIt,.
BWT 125 x 21 21.23 2,704 125 9 4,0 1,000 150 12 6,0 113 103 (5
x 19 19.45 2. 479 12!5 6 3,0 750 150 12 6,0 113 108 5 1M3
x 17 17,19 2,190125 6 3,0 750 150 10 5,0 115 110 5 20,83
20,83
BWT 125 x 13 1;3,27 1,690 125 6 30 750 100 10 5,0 115 110
x 12 11.79 1,502 125 6 3,0 750 100 9 4,0 117 112 20,83
x 10 10,31 1,314 125 6 3,0 750 100 6 3,0119114 20,83
20,83
BWT 100 x 20 19,66 2.504 100 9 4,0 eon 150 12 13,0 ee 83
x 16 16,01 2,040 100 6 3,0 600 150 10 5,0 90 95 12,50
1M7
BWT 100 x 15 15.45 1,969 100 6 ;3,0 60012012 6,0 ee 93
x 14 13,66 1,740 100 6 30 600 120 10 5,0 90 95 16,67
x 12 11.97 1,512 100 6 8,0 600 120 8 4,0 92 97 16.67
15,57
BWT 100 x 14 13,50 1,720 100 9 4,0 800 10010 5,0 90 85
x 12 12,09 1,540 100 6 3,0 600 100 10 5,0 90 95 12,50
x 11 10,61 ~,352 100 6 3,0 600 100 9 4,0 92 97 15.57
1S,S7
w
ASEP Steel Handbook
-44-
p
l--y----r
l:t:==t:..':::::::j:r=:=::::J --It
w, I, Y I
8WT SHAPES x---I:I---x-I H
Dimensions !I 1
~!r\w
Properties
I:, -t
y
Elastic Properties C'o =-

2n2E
-
cas

w Axis X-X AxisY-Y O.Oly

'n mm HIt,., I S I S O. =i.D Designa~on
x1D 6 xi03 r y xlD 6 x1D3 r HxW
mm4 mm3 mm mm mm 4 mm3 mm O. C''0
)8 5
09 5 1M3 3.33 34.0. 35.1 269 3.39 45.1 354 ---- ---- BWT 125 x 21
10. 5 20.93 2.67 26.2 32.8 23.1 3.38 45.0. 36.9 ---- ---- x 19
20.93 2.62 26.1 34.S 24.7 2.81 37.5 35.8 ---- ---- x 17
10. 5
12 5 20.83 236 25.0. 87.4 30..5 0.84 16.7 22.2 ---- ---- BWT 125 x 13
14 5 20.93 2.27 24.7 38.8 33.2 0..67 13.4 211 ---- ---- x 12
20.93 2.12 24,1 40.,1 37,0. D. !SO 10..0. 19.5 ---- ---- x 10.
83 5
85 5 12.50 1.74 21.9 26.4 20.1 3.39 45.1 36.7 ---- ---- BWT 100. x 20.
16.67 1.37 16.9 25.9 19.2 2.91 37.5 37.1 ---- ---- x 16
93 5
95 5 lS.67 1.32 16.4 25.9 19.4 1.73 28.8 29.6 ---- ---- BWT 100 x 15
97 5 lM7 1.31 16.4 27.4 20.5 1.44 24.0. 28.8 ---- ---- x 14
lM7 1.27 16.3 29.0. 2~.3 115 19.2 27.6 ---- ---- x 12
85 5
95 5 12.50. i.54 20.8 29.9 25.9 0..84 16.7 22.1 ---- ---- BWT 100 x 14
97 5 16.67 1,2!S 16.1 29.5 22.5 0.93 16.7 23.3 ---- ---- x 12
16.67 1.21 16.0 23.9 24.4 0..67 13.4 22.2 ---- ---- x 11
,
Where no value 01 C', or a,lo ohown, the oeetion eomplleo with NSCP Sect. 4.9.t.2
ASEP Steel Handbook

-45-
BEAM SELECTION TABLE
F = 248 MPa
B/2t,
B/2t, H/~ rl Designation Sx L. L"
1/mm mm H't!N xi 03 m m
mm3
7,:
MO. 0,049 118, 11 8W 1000 x 518 21,999 5,72 11.27
6,0
5.00 0,048 119,22 8W 1000 x 497 21,622 5,72 11,27 6,0
M3 0,056 117,95 BW 1000 x 463 19,843 5,72 10.02
5,00 0,044 119,25 BW 900 x 496 19,219 5,72 12,52
7,~
5.63 0,050 119,09 SW 900 x 444 17,355 5,72 11.13 6,(
6.43 0,063 118.74 BW 1000 x 393 17,554 5,72 8,76 .
7,~
6,~
7,03 0,069 117.77 BW 1000 x 373 16,231 5,72
6,4
6,43 0,057 117,63 BW 900 x 410 15,748 5,72
6.43 0,057, 119,81 BW 900 x 878 15,219 5,72
7,(1
. 7.2
7,08 0.063 118,91 SW 900 x 8(17 14,224 5.72
7,2
9,04 0,071 117,45 BW 900 x 380 12,876 5,72
9.0
8.04 0,071 119,66 BW 900 x 304 12,430 5,72
5,11
4,29 0,086 74,02 BW 900 x 847 11,699 3,81
5,1 (
9,00 0,080 118,51 BW 900 x 283 11,393 5,72 4,(I(
4,69 0,094. 74,18 BW 900 x 815 10,745 3.81
5,3!
5.63 0,069 94,36 BW 800 x 296 10,160 4.57
4.&
5.36 0,107 74.96 BW 900 x 264 9,826 3,81
6.se
6.43 0.079 98,10 BW BOO x 275 9,229 4.57
6.88
6,43 0.079 94,99 BW 800 x 252 8,995 4,57 7.01
6.00
6.00
5,36 0,107 76,91 BW 900 x 238 8,881 3.81 5.19
5,63 0,061 95,51 SW 7r:tJ x 281 8,574 4,57 9,16
9,16 M3
5,63 0,061 97,08 BW 700 x 261 9,329 4,57
7.97
6,00 0,120 75,89 BW 900 x 225 9,202 3. 81 4.64
4,(17 6,26
7,50
7.20 0,089 94,00 SW 800 x 236 8,166
ASEP Steel Handbook

-46-
6/2tl H/~ rl Designation Sx ~ Lu

3
L" 1/mm mm HxW x10 m m
m mm3
7,20 0,089 ~$,21 BW 800 x 212 7,814 4,57 6,26

11,27 98,06 700 x 239 7,524 4,57 8.01
6,43 0,069 BW
11,27 6.43 0.069 97,86 BW 700 x 219 7,270 4.57 8.01
10.02
12,e'~ 3.81 3.71
7,50 0.150 73.66 BW 900 x 202 7,048
11.13 6,00 0,107 73,95 BW 800 x 212 7,039 3.81 5.22
8,76 700 x 203 6,645 4.57 7.15
7.20 0.078 97,14 BW
6.43 0.060 95.67 BW 600 x 244 6,395 4,57 9.35
8,01 0,060 97,17 BW 600 x 227 6,217 4,57 9,35
6.43
9,74
9,74 7,50 0.133 74,89 BW 800 x 190 6,027 3.91 4,17
7,20 0,067 96,37 BW 600 x 210 5,702 4,57 8,35
8,90 5,517 4,57 8,35
7,20 0,067 98,10 BW 600 x 193
7,79
9,00 0.083 96.68 BW 600 x 136 4,624 4.57 6.68
7,79 5,10 0,094 64,87 BW 600 x 186 4,439 3.24 5,91
6,49 66.37 BW 600 x 169 4,255 3.24 5.91
5,10 0.094
6.98 4,50 0,107 57,85 BW 600 x 157 3,941 2.86 5,22
5,94 0,054 61,65 BW 450 x 191 3,692 3.91 10.39
5,36
8,01
4,50 0,107 59.40 BW 600 x 140 3,656 2.86 5,22
5,19 3,641 3,24 4,73
6,36 0,1 '8 64.74 BW 600 x 150
7,01
6,38 0,118 66.66 BW 600 x 133 3,446 3.24 4,73
7,01 6.00 O.ose 81.03 BW 450 x 168 3,393 3.81 9.27
B.OO O.ose 82.32 BW 450 x 155 3,299 3.81 9.27
5,19
9,16 5.93 0,133 58,12 BW 600 x 123 3,109 2,86 4.17
9,16
7,97 0,147 65,10 BW BOO x 118 2,931 3,24 3,79
4,64 7,50 0,075 81,23 BW 450 x 133 2,773 3,81 7.42
6,26
ASEP Steel Handbook

-47-
.,.i
Fy = 249 MPa
B/2tf H/~ rt Designation Sx ~ Lu B/~
1/mm mm HxW x103 m m
mm3
7,00 0,167 57,90 BW 600 x 101 2,556 2,96

9,39 0,094 90,93 BW 450 x 109 2,291 3,91
5.63 0.209 45.09 BW 600 x 90 2,147 2.29

5.00 0,113 52.60 BW 460 x 101 1,951 2.54
5,00 0.113 53.36 BW 450 x 95 1,900 2,54
E
7.60 0.279 43.23 BW 600 x 79 1,n6 2,29 e
6.25 0,141 52,32 ew 450 x 93 1,611 2,54 e
S
4.69 0,199 38,12 BW 450 x 70 1,276 1. 91 5
6,25 0,109 53,48 BW 350 x 75 1,174 2,54 7
6,25 0,109 54,25 BW 360 x 70 1,143 2,54
6,25 0.250 37,75 BW 450 x 55 997 1.91 a
8,33 0,146 53,12 BW 360 x 59 916 2.54 6.
7,50 0.300 36,83 BW 450 x 51 991 1.91

7,50 0.16.2 47.41 BW 350 x 54 837 2.29
9,00 0,194 46,59 BW 350 x 49 732 2,29

,
9,00 0,194 47,n BW 350 x "t': 697 2,29
7,50 0,139 49,00 ew 300 x (;1 691 2,29
7.50 0,139 49.93 BW 300 x 47 669 2.29
9,00 0.167 48,34 BW 300 x 41 579 2.29

6.00 0.292 30,68 BW 3~ x 34 499 1.52
6,25 0,139 40,09 BW 250 x 42 470 1.91
6,25 0,139 40,91 BW 250 x 39 454 1.91
7,50 0,365 29,94 ew 360 x 31 427 1,52

.7,50 0,167 40,32 ew 260 x 34 894 1.91
6,25 0,111 40,73 ew 200 x 39 355 1.91
ASEP Steel Handbook

-48-
l
,
Hni.ltUp ~;hapes 1-47
BEAM SEU:iCTION TABLE
'-""'U
B/2t, H/~ rl Designation Sx L" Lu
m 1/mm mm HxW x103 m m
mm 3
5,00 0, :300 25.52 BW :300 x 29 :354 1. 27 1,85

3,34
5,94 6,25 0, :375 24,60 BW :300 x 26 :304 1,27 148
7,50 0,1 :3:3 40,92 BW 200 x :32 :300 1,91 4,17
2,67 5,00 0,1:39 32,70 BW 200 x 31 282 1,52 4,01
4,95 5,00 0,250 26.08 BW 250 x 27 279 1.27 2,23
I
4,95
8,3:3 0,500 23,7:3 BW 800 x 23 253 1.27 1.11
6,00 0.167 32,30 BW 200 x 27 246 1. 52 3.34
2,00
3,96 6,25 0,818 25,39 BW 250 x 24 239 1. 27 1.78
5,00 0,200 25,92 BW 200 x 27 220 1. 27 2,78
5,00 0,200 26,57 BW 200 x 24 210 1,27 2,78
2,97
7,50 0,208 31.73 BW 200 x 24 208 1.52 2,67
5,09
5,09
2.~, 833 0,417 24,43 BW 250 x 21 197 1,27 1,34
6,25 0,250 26.03 BW 200 x 21 179 1.27 2,23
3.82
1.85
3,4:3
2,96
2,66
4,01
4,01
3.:34
1,91
4,01
4,01 I
1. 5:3
3,S4
5.01
ASEP Steel Handbook

49
.....
I.
VALUES OF e, TABLE
For Determining Allowable Stress for Main and Seoondary
Members Wh.n KI/r ~ e, for St,,1 of Any YI.ld 8tress
Coy equation F, = e,F ~

tS1Lr. tS1Lr. tS1Lr. tS1Lr.
e e e e e e e e
2
,01 ,599 ,26 ,549 ,e.;1 .472 ,76 ,375 3
,02 ,597 ,27 ,(;;46 ,52 .469 ,77 ,371 4
,03 ,596 ,29 ,543 ,53 ,465 ,79 ,366 5
,04 ,594 ,29 ,540 ,54 .462 ,79 ,362
,05 ,593 ,30 ,539 ,55 ,459 ,90 ,357 6
7
,06 ,591 ,31 ,535 ,56 .455 ,91 ,353 8
,07 ,589 ,32 ,532 ,57 .451 ,82 ,348 9
,09 ,588 ,33 ,529 ,58 .447 ,83 ,344 10
,09 ,586 ,34 ,527 ,59 .444 ,84 ,389
,10 ,594 ,35 ,524 ,60 .440 ,95 ,335 11
.,
1"
,11 ,592 ,36 ,521 ,61 .436 ,96 ,330 13
,12 ,590 ,87 ,519 ,62 .482 ,87 ,325 14
,13 ,579 ,39 ,515 ,63 ,429 ,99 ,321 15
,14 ,576 ,39 ,512 ,64 .424 ,89 ,316
,15 ,574 .40 ,509 65 .420 ,90 ,811 16
17
,16 ,572 .41 ,506 ,66 .416 ,91 ,306 18
,17 ,570 .42 ,502 ,67 .412 ,92 ,801 19
,18 ,568 ,43 .499 ,68 ,408 ,98 ,296 20
,19 ,565 .44 .496 ,69 .404 ,94 ,291
,20 ,563 .45 .493 ,70 ,400 ,95 ,296 21
22
,21 ,561 .46 .489 ,71 ,396 ,96 ,281 23
,22 ,558 .47 .486 ,72 ,392 ,97 ,276 24
,23 ,556 ,48 ,488 ,73 ,888 ,98 ,271 25
,24 ,553 .49 .479 ,74 ,394 ,99 ,266
,25 ,551 ,50 .476 ,75 ,397 1.00 ,261
I'm;n widlh 10 IhicknQoo ralioo Qxcood :n~ limits 01 NSCP Soct. 4,9, uoo (Kllr)/C', in liou of (Kt/r)/C, vatuoo and
aquation F, C,a,a,F (N6CP Appendix Sect AS)
ASEP Steel Handbook

-50-
AI.LOWABLE COMPRESSIVE STRESS TABLE
r
136,89 61
2 136,40 62
,375 3 135,90 63
,371 01 135,39 64
,366 ~ 134,87 65
,362
,35~ e 147,06 36 134,35 66 116,03 96 92,89
7 146,74 37 133,82 67 115.33 97 92,04
,353 e 146,41 88 133,29 68 114,63 98 91.18
,348 9 146.08 39 132,75 69 113,93 99 90,32
,344 10 145,74 40 132,21 70 113,22 100 89,45
,339
,335 11 145,39 41 131,66 71 112,50 101 88,58
12 145,03 42 131,10 72 111.78 102 87,70
,330-- 13 144,67 43 130,54 73 111.05 103 86,81
,325 14 144,30 44 129,97 74 110,32 104 85,92
,321 1e 143,92 45 129,39 75 109,58 105 85.03
,316
,311 16 143,53 46 128,81 76 108,84 106 84,13
17 143,14 47 128,23 77 108,OS 107 83,22
,306 18 142,74 48 127,63 78 107,34 108 82,31
,301 19 142,33 q9 127,04 79 106,58 109 81.39
,296 20 141.91 50 126.43 80 105,82 110 80,46
,291
,286 21 141.49 51 125.82 81 105,05 111 79,53
22 141.0(; 52 125,21 82 104,27 112 79,60
,281 23 140,~2 53 124,59 83 103,49 113 77.66
,276 201 140,18 54 123,96 94 102,71 114 76,71
,271 25 139,73 55 123,33 85 101.92 115 75,76
,266
,261 56 122,69 96 101.13 116 74,80
57 122,05 87 100,33 117 73,93
58 121,40 99 99,52 118 72,86
aD and
59 120,75 89 98,71 119 71,89
60 120,09 90 97 20 70,90
ASEP Steel Handbook

-51-
T
ALLOWABLE COMPRESSIVE STRESS TASLE
F = 248 MPa
126 64,87 156 42,32 126 66,88 156 51,61 196

127 63,85 157 41,78 127 66,1'1 157 51,27 187
128 62,86 158 41,25 128 65,48 158 50,93 188
129 61.89 159 40,74 129 64,80 159 50,60 189
130 60,94, 160 40,23 130 64,15 16O 50,29 190
131 60,01 161 39,73 131 63,51 161 49,98

132 59,11 162 39,24 132 62,88 162 49,67
133 58,22 163 38,76 133 62,27 163 49,39
134 57,36 164 38,29 134 61.67 164 49,09
135 56,51 165 37,93 135 61.09 165 48,81
136 55,68 166 37,37 136 60,52 166 48,54

137 54,87 167 36,93 137 59,97 167 48,27
138 54,08 168 36,49 138 59,43 168 48,01
139 53,30 169 36,06 139 58,90 169 47,76
140 52,54 170 35,64 140 58,38 170 47,51
141 51,80 171 35,22 141 57,913 171 47,28

142 51.07 172 34,91 142 57,39 172 47,04
143 50,36 173 34,41 143 56,9: 173 46.92
144 49,67 174 34,02 144 56,44 174 46,60
145 48,98 175 33,63 145 55,98 175 46.38
148 48,31 176 33,25 146 55,53 176

147 47,6$ 177 32,87 147 55,10 177
148 4702 178 32,50 148 54,67 1'19
149 46,39 179 32,14 149 54,20 179
45,77 190 31.79 150 53.95 190
ASEP S'teel Handbook

-52-
IJllilt--Up Shapes 1-51
.ALLOWABLe: COMPRESSIVE STRESS TABLE
F
, y '" 248 MPa
Main Members Seoondary Members
KI/r 121 to 200 KI/r 121 to 200
~ II
KI
I F, !SJ. F, I- KI F, KI F,
'a r (MPa) r (MPa) r (MPa) r (MPa)
3.45 181 31.44 191 28.23 181 45.23 191 43.77
3.07 182 31.09 192 27.94 182 45.06 192 43.65
30,75 I 183 44,89 193 43,54
2.69 183 193 27.65
2,32 184 30,42 194 27,3$ 184 44,73 194 43.43
i1,96 185 30,09 195 27,08 185 44.58 195 43.;33
!)1.61 186 29.77 196 26,81 186 44.43 193 43,24

51.27 187 29.45 197 26.3~ 187 44.29 197 43,15
50,93 188 29.14 198 26.27 188 44.15 198 43.06
50,60 189 28.83 199 26.0i 189 44.02 199 42.99
50.29 190 2853 200 25.75 190 43.89 200 42.91
49,98
49,67
49,36
49,09
46,61
48,54
46,27
48,01
47.76
47,51
47,26
47,04
46.62
46,60
46,36
46,16
45,98
45,76
45,59
45,41
ASEP Steel Handbook

-53-
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-54-
Cold Formed Plate Shapes 2-1A
PART 2
COLD - FO RM ED PLATE SHAPES
ASEP Steel Handbook

55
""-----_._ .. _. . ........ - .........

2-113 Cold-Formed l']uLl> Shilpes
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-56-
Cold-Formed Plate Shapes 2-1
CONTENTS
Nomenclature . . . . . . . . '" . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2 - 3
Scope and Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Sectional Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Sectional properu.E's . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
BA-Ghapes (Equal Legs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
BA-Shapes (Unequal Legs) ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
BC-Shapes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-16
~SEP Steel Handbook

57
- - - - - - - - - - ---_ ........ .
T
2~-2 Cold-ForTn(~(j t)1 ate! ~)lldP(~E;
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition
A Cross-sectional area
B Flange width of channel or length Co
of shorter leg of angle rnm
H Depth of the channel or length
of longer leg of angle rnm
Specified minimum yield stress of structural steel MPa
Moment of inertia about U-U axis rnm 4 Co
Moment of i.nertia about V-V axis rnm 4
Moment of inertia about X-X axis rnm 4
Moment of inertia about Y-Y axis rnm4
Inside radius of bend rnm
Radius of gyration about U-U axis rnm
Radius of gyration about V-V axis rnm Con
Radius of gyration about X-X axis rnm 45.0
Radius of gyration about Y-Y axis
Elastic section modulus about X-X axis concerns
Elastic section modulus about Y-Y axis eating
Base metal thickness rnm relative
w Flat width of elements exclusive of fillets rnm
W Weight of the section per unit length kg/m
Distance from centroid to outer face of the
section along the X-X axis rnm For
Distance from centroid to outer the
face of the section along the Y-Y axis rnm the
a Angle between the X-X axis and the
principal U-U axis rad
of
Only
Part
ASEP Steel Handbook

-58-
COLD-FORMED PLATE SHAPES
Units
General
Cold-formed plate shapes are normally used as substitutes

mm
for particular families of rolled shapes like angles and channels
because of the limit3d ranges of sections available for the
mm
latter.
MPa
mm 4
Cold-formed plate shapes are defined here as sections made
mm 4
from steel plates with thickness ranging from 6.0 mm to 20.0 mm
mm 4 formed by cold rolling or by press brake bending into the desired
mm 4 shapes. Shapes cold-formed from thinner plates are designated as
mm
light gage shapes and are ccvered in Part 3 of this handbook.
mm
mm Compared to built-up sections which use plate thicknesses up
to 45.0 mm, a maximum plate thicl<ness of 20.0 mm was adopted for
mm
COld-formed plate sections. This maximum was adopted due to
mm
concerns on possible material damage and the difficulty of fabri-
mm 3
mm 3 mm 3 cating shapes using thicker plates. Furthermore, because of the
relatively thicker steel material used compared to the light gage
mm
shapes only, simple shapes requiring few bends are included in
mm
this handbook.
kg/m
For the design of cold-formed plate sections, the provisions
mm
of the American Iron and Steel Institute's (AISI) Specification
for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members are recom-
mm
mended.
rad
Scope of Classification
(Inly two families of simple structural shapes are given in

this Part 2: the angles and the channel. The classification and
designations relating to these shapes are given below.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-59-
T
I,
2-4 Cold-Formed Plate Shapes
Cold-Formed Angle BA HxBxt

Plate Channel BC HxBxt
1
A total of 77 bent-plate sections are presented in
Steel Handbook. Ofchese, 23 are BA shapes having equal
with depths ranging from 50 mm to 200 mm, and 27 are BA
having unequal legs with depths ranging from 75 mm to 225
The remaining 27 sections are BC shapes with depths ranging
70 mm to 390 mm.
T
Materials
The minimum quality requirement for cold-formed plate

cation is structural steel conforming to ASTM A36 and/or
G3101 SS400 (formerly JIS G3101 SS41). Locally rolled plates
available for these grades of structural steel, which have mini-
mum specified yield stress, Fy , of 248 MPa and 245 MPa, respec-
tively. The sectional properties and limits of cold-formej
shapes are based on these values. Further informatio~ regarding
materials of cold-formed plate shapes is given in Part 6 of this
Steel Handbook.
SE
Sectional dimensIons used in this Steel Handbook are "E

although relatively fewer in number to the sectional
adopted from the 1st Edition. Th
A consideration in the choice of dimensions is the uti1iza-::

tion of locally-available steel plates. Yield is computed using ef:
1829 mm wide plates, equal width strips, and an allowance of 3 rom fo]
per cut. seci
ASEP Steel Handbook

-60-
The sectional dimensions are also chosen such that the

maximum allowable compressive stress on the unstiffened elements
may be taken as 0.60F y based on the AISI provisions. Thus, the
legs of the angles and the flanges of the channels were propor-
tioned such that the flat width to thickness ratio, wit, does not
exceed 166/fFy' This limiting ratio has a value of 10.54 for Fy
equal to 248 MPa.
In this Steel Handbook, the plate thicknesses of the base

this metal now adopts metric dimensions and increments ranging from
legs 6.0 rom to 20.0 rom as compared with 6.3 rom to 25.0 mm in the 1st
shapes Edition. Based on current observations of locally-produced mate-
15 rom. rial, this maximum limit of 20.0 mm is considered as the current
J from practical limit because of the difficulty of bending thicker
plates to the required radius.
The radii of bends, R, given in the tables are minimum

values and are measure,l from the inside face of the bends. In
coordination with the metal fabricators, the inside bend radius
fabri- of these cold-formed plate shapes are now uniformly made as 2.0
or JIS times the material thickness compared with the 1.5 times to 2.0
es are times the material thickness in the 1st Edition. These limits are
mini- imposed to avoid "necking" and micro-cracking of the material at
respec- the bends during cold-forming.
plate
garding
f this Sectional Properties
Sectional properties used in this Steel Handbook are now

computed utilizing selected metric dimensions and increments
based on ASTM A36M-87 steel plates as compared with the 1st
Edition which were done using selected ASTM A36 steel plates
similar with "English" dimensions and increments.
lens ions
The properties, ratios, and weights of these cold-formed
plate shapes are computed using the so-called "area method" based
ltiliza- on the actual dimensions of the section taking into consideration
I using the effect of the bend. The so-called "linear method" normally
of 3 mm used for light gage sections is not used for the determination of
the sectional properties of these shapes.
ASEP Steel Handhook

-61-
For the angles, the moments of inertia and the radii of

gyration about the principal centroidal axes are given. The
tangent of the angles made by the x-x axis and the U-U axis are
also given in the tables.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-62-
i of
The
:; are
TABLES
OF
ASEP Steel Handbook

-63-
1
y
x
r--"tr-
J ""
T I
- fl , I / '~_,_OO'
/'(
/ "
.
I x-~w
h
~1~(~~~, -\-
/ ;I,'-,_L_." _____, ~-
Xl '
BASHAPES
Dimensions
.. ~ u -1".. -------,,::.] --to
Properties
1 Y [J
---,.-"-~-------
- '1 Equal Angl ..
C.ntrold Axis U-U

DMlgnatlon W.lght Area Radius I
Hx B x t W A R x, y, tan x1(il r
mm 2 mm mm mm a mm~ mm
kg/m
SA 200 x 200 x 20 !58,29 7,171 40.0 OC!,7 OC!,7 1.000 4!5,729 79,9
9,120
X 16 4$,07 !5,969 32,0 ~,!5 ~,!5 1,000 37,763 60,2
7,961
x 12 ~,34 4,501 24,0 !56,3 56,S 1.000 29,217 60,6
6,478
SA 170 X 170 X 20 4$,97 5,971 40,0 !53.4 !53,4 1,000 27,299 67,6
5,161
x 16 38,(54 4,909 32,0 51.1 51,1 1.000 22,679 68.0
4,600
x 12 29,68 3,781 24,0 48.8 48,9 1.000 17,651 68.3
3,813
BA 125x 125x 20 32.74 4,171 40.0 42.4 42,4 1.000 10,092 49,2
1,656
x 16 27.23 3,469 32,0 40,0 40.0 1.000 8,531 49.6
1,561
x 12 21.21 2, 701 24,0 37.7 37.7 1,000 S. 742 50.0
1,360
x 10 18.00 2,293 20,0 36.6 36.6 1.000 5,762 50.1
1,215
BA 100x 100x 16 20,95 2,669 32,0 33.9 33,9 1.000 4,133 39.4
678
x 12 16.50 2, 101 24,0 31.5 31.5 1.000 3,320 39.7
623
x 10 14,07 1,793 20.0 30.4 00.4 1.000 2,958 39.9
570
X 9 11.52 1,467 16.0 29.2 29.2 1,000 2, SOC! 40,1
498
SA 75 x 75x 16 14,67 1,969 32,0 29,0 29,0 1.000 1, !576 29.0
29,5
212
X 12 11.79 1,501 24,0 25,4 25.4 1,000 1,3ee
21~
X 10 10,15 1,293 20,0 24,2 24,2 1.000 1,141 29.7
205
x -9 8.39 1,067 16.0 23,1 23,1 1,000 954 29,9
187
X 6 6,48 82!5 12,0 21.9 21.9 1.000 7<47 00,1
157
ASEP Steel Handbook

-64-
y
, +___ -t~--~'~~~'-i-
"l
1
I I
I
/
u
/ ><
SA SHAPE::S
Dimensions
,I
'I' x
I
i
_
t-
-t"
'"
Rj2'(fo}),
1:.
Ij
-):E-- -+- x
"
(l
c
1.--,. u/ '>=.:;::::--=---::::---ol" _.
Properties
Equal MgllS
I
L - .....
Y
-J '
'u-u Axis V-V Axis X-X Axis y-y
I I S I S Designation
r x1 (il r x1(il x1 (il r x1 (il x10J r Hx S x t
mm mm4 mm mm4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
79.9 9,120 35.7 27,42(; 196.9 61.9 27,4215 196.9 61.9 SA 200 x 200 x 20
eo.2 7,961 36.9 22,962 161.8 62.4 22,962 161.6 62.4 x 16
eo.6 6,479 87.9 17,949 124.2 63.0 17,949 124.2 63.0 x 12
,
67.6 !S, 161 29.4 16,225 189.1 ~.1 16,22!5 189.1 52.1 SA 170 x 170 x 20
68.0 4,600 80.6 18,640 114.7 52.7 18,640 1147 52.7 x 16
68.3 3,918 81.9 10,782 00.6 58.8 10,732 00.6 58.3 x 12
,
49.2 1,656 19.9 5,974 71.1 37.5 5,974 71.1 37.5 SA 125 x 125 x 20
49.6 59.4 38.1 5,046 59.4 36.1 x 16
, 50.0
1,561 21.2 5,046
1,360 22.4 4,051 46.4 38.7 4,051 46.4 36.7 x 12
50.1 1,215 28.0 8,499 39.4 39.0 3,499 39.4 39.0 x 10
39.4 679 15.9 2,406 86.4 30.0 2,406 36.4 30.0 SA 100 x 100 x 16
'?Ill 7 623 17.2 1,972 28.9 3O.S 1,972 28.9 30.6 x 12
39.9 570 17.9 1,714 24.S 30.9 1,714 24.S 80.9 x 10
40.1 499 19.4 1,429 20.2 81.2 1,429 20.2 81.2 x 9
29.0 212 10.6 994 19.0 21.9 994 19.0 21.9 SA 75 x 7!5x 16
29.~ 21$ 12.0 761 15.4 22.5 761 15.4 22.5 x 12
29.7 205 12.6 678 18.8 22.9 678 18.8 22.9 x 10
29.9 197 18.2 570 11.0 28.1 570 11.0 28.1 x 9
30.1 157 18.9 452 M 28.4 452 8.5 28.4 x 6
ASEP Steel handbook

-65-
T
I
BASHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Equal Angles
Centroid Axis l/-U

Designation Weight Area Radius I
H xS x t WAR x, y, tan xid' r
k m mm 2 mm mm mm a mrrf mm
SA 50x 50x 12 7,08 901 24,0 19,6 19,6 1.000 331 11'1,2 40
x 10 6,22 793 20,0 18,2 18,2 1.000 300 19,oj 42
x 8 5,24 667 16,0 17,0 17,0 1.000 258 19,7 oj2
x 6 oj,12 525 12,0 15,8 15,8 1.000 'il!J7 19,9 39
ASEP Steel Handbook

-66-
y
-t~'-,-
.+ ----- fi I
I "1,1I"" : y:
/'
-r
I
I' -1 (-I , 1 /45.00'
SA SHAPES
1 X-I---->I~--,-X
~
>~::=r~~~~~_
/1'
Dimensions c
-- u --r-----~ -
Properties
J
1 Y
I
Equal Anglts I
+ -~--- .--
H
u-u Axis V-V Axis X-X Axis y-y

r x103 r xi 03 xi 03 r xi 03 xi 03 r Hx B x t
, mm mm4 mm mm4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
19,2 40 6.7 186 6.1 14,3 186 6,1 14,3 SA 50x 50x 12
19,"' 42 7.3 171 ~.4 14.7 171 5.4 14.7 x 10
19,7 42 8.0 150 4.6 15.0 150 4.6 15.0 x 8
19,9 39 8.6 123 3.6 15.3 123 3.6 153 x 6
ASEP Steel Handbook

-67-
,
x y
I-v, ",
-+---"'-t
I u
L-
J /
) ><
~':,':"f',
/,,
Ridl('!'o,
} SA8HAPES
/
~_" -::X-=:J
c i)imensions
v l ",-"
Propertil'B
w-J Unequal Angles
Centroid Axis U-U

Designation Weight Area Radius I
Hx Sx t W A R x, y, tan x10J r
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm a mm' mm
BA 225 x 100 x 20 44,52 5,671 40,0 20.4 92,0 0,256 29,936 72,7
x 16 :36.6(5 4,669 32,0 19,4 89,0 0,251 ~,OO5 73.6
x 12 28,27 3,601 24,0 18,4 86,1 0,246 19,989 74,5
SA 190 x 100 x 20 39.02 4,971 40,0 2;3,3 75,8 0,342 19,314 62,3
x 16 32.26 4,109 32.0 22.0 72,8 0.333 16,390 63,2
x 12 24.97 3,181 24,0 20,8 70,0 0,324 12,994 63,9
SA 170 x 100 x 20 35.88 4,571 40.0 25.3 66.6 0.412 14,634 56,6
x 16 29.75 3,789 32.0 2;3.9 63.8 0,401 12,446 57,3
x 12 2309 2,941 24.0 22.5 611 0.391 9,887 59,0
x 10 19.57 2,493 200 21.8 598 0,386 8,469 59,3
SA 145 x 100 x 16 26,61 3,389 32.0 26.7 52,7 0.526 8,571 50,3 1,219
x 12 20.74 2,641 24.0 25.1 501 0,514 6,824 50,9 1,056
x 10 17.61 2,243 20.0 24.3 48.9 0.509 5,853 51.1 942
x 8 14,34 1,827 113,0 23,5 47.6 0,504 4,816 5UI 004
SA 125 x 100 x 16 24.00 3,069 32,0 29,5 442 0,680 6,232 45,1 994
x 12 18,85 2,401 24,0 27,6 41.6 0,669 4,974 45,5 862
x 10 16,04 2,043 20,0 26.7 40.4 (',664 4,270 45,7 795
x '8 13.00 1,667 16.0 25,7 39,2 0,659 3,517 45.9 685
ASEP Steel Handbook

-68-
T
x
rv,
y
_ 't-_C,t'
II u
/
" I /(
-)i -t '\. I / a
I ~
}
H X ) ' -- -- I .- X
- - /'L
SA SHAPES
Dimensions L /S~~r:~~~
Properties
L,;,..1
u "
Unequal Angles v
J-U Axis V-V Axis X-X Axis y-y

I I S I S . D&$ignatlon
r x10J r x10J x10J r x10' xi oJ r Hx Sx t
mm mm' mm mm' mm' mm mm' mm' mm
72,7 2,174 19,6 29,202 212,1 70,5 3,909 49,1 26,3 SA 225x100x 20
73,6 1,990 20,1 23,913 175.9 71.6 3,271 40,6 26.5 x 16
74,5 1,533 20,6 18,940 136.3 72.5 2,582 31.6 26.8 x 12
62,3 1,833 19,2 17,481 153,0 59,3 3,666 47,8 27,2 SA 190 x 100 x 20
63,2 1,627 19,9 14,920 127.4 60,3 3,097 39,7 27,5 x 16
63,9 1,356 20,6 11,887 99,1 61,1 2,462 311 27,8 x 12
58,6 1,613 18,8 12,741 123,3 52,8 3,506 46,9 27,7 SA 1"10 x 100 x 20
57,3 1,460 19,6 10,925 102,9 53,7 2,981 39,2 28,0 x 16
59,0 1,235 20,5 8,740 90,2 54,5 2,381 30,7 28,5 x 12
58,3 1,091 20,9 7,511 68,1 54,9 2,049 26,2 28,7 x 10
50,3 1,218 19,0 6,9n 75,6 45,4 2,812 38,4 28,8 SA 145 x 100 x 16
50,9 1,056 20,0 5,618 59,2 46,1 2,262 30,2 29,3 x 12
51.1 942 20,5 4,843 50.4 46,5 1,952 25,8 29,5 x 10
51.3 904 21.0 4,000 41.1 46,9 1,616 211 29,7 x 9
45,1 994 18,0 4,575 56,6 38,6 2,651 87,6 29,4 SA 125 x 100 x 16
45,5 892 19,2 3,700 44,5 39,3 2, 147 29,7 29,9 x 12
, 45,7 795 19,7 3,207 37.9 39,6 1,859 25,3 30,2 x 10
45,9 685 20,3 2,659 31.0 39,9 1,543 20,8 30,4 x 8
ASEP Steel Handbook

,69,
r
y
~.
v
,
,
r "
J
1;(
/
H -i t', I / 4~.OO
LX -R;1t~~,-I-X
J,;'"
} BASHAPES
. / .
c Dimensione
U , ,
Properties
l-YI~-1 Unequai Angies
Centroid Axis U-U Ax

DlSlgnatlon Weight Area Fladlus I
HxB xl W A FI Xc Yc tan x1tY r x1(
kgfm mm 2
mm mm mm a mnl' mm mn
SA 100 x 75 x 16 17,91 2,269 32,0 23,1 39,5 0,626 2. 754 34,9
x 12 14,14 1,901 24,0 21,2 35.9 o.eoe 2. 2!36 3M
x 10 12,11 1,543 20,0 20,3 34,5 o.eOO 1,959 3M
x 9 9,95 1,267 16,0 19,4 33,2 M9S 1,630 35,9
X 6 7,66 975 12,0 19,6 32,0 0,596 1,270 36,1
SA 75 x 50x 12 9.43 1,201 24.0 14.7 00,3 0.524 761 ~,2

x 10 8.19 1,043 20,0 13,& 28,8 0.509 679 25,5
x 8 6,81 867 16.0 13,C 27,5 0.498 579 ~,e
x 6 5,30 675 12.0 12,3 26,1 0,495 460 26,1
ASEP Steel Handbook

-70-
,-
r v
,
t
"
Xc
y
I
1
1
1 ;(
/
u
'lA SHAPi:S
Oimensions
1'~~~'L'--'c'1
~'1;olj,
' i"
/1'
C
r---"',
-1
, - u/
Properties
Unequal Angles
I y v
+ - - - ,... ~
-U Axis V-V Axis X-~ Axis y-y

r x10J r x10J x10' r x10) x10' r H xB x t
mm mm4 mm mm4 mm 3 mm i1'1m4 mm 3 mm
$4.9 366 12.7 2,091 83.8 30.3 1,039 20.0 21.4 BA 100 x 75x 16
3M 345 13.8 1,740 27.1 31.1 961 16.0 21.9 x 12
35,6 ~O 14.4 1,525 23.3 31.4 754 13.8 22.1 x 10
~.9 293 14.9 1,290 19.2 31.8 633 11.4 22.4 x 8
36.1 233 15,5 1,006 14.8 32.1 498 8.8 22.6 x 6
25.2 sa 8.6 616 13.8 22.6 233 6.6 13.9 BA 75x SOx 12
25.5 96 9.1 557 12.1 23.1 208 5.9 14.1 x 10
25.9 79 9.6 480 10.1 23.5 178 4.9 14.3 x 8
26.1 EJ8 10.1 386 7.9 23.9 143 3.9 14.5 x 6
hSEP Steel Handbook

71-
xy
i-"
Iw-
X --
1
- 1
*1
_11- - - - x H
J';2t(CM) --J BC Shapes

Dimensions
Propllrties
LU
Centroid
Designation Weight Area Radius
Hx B x t W A R x, Y,
k 1m mm 2 mm mm mm
BC 390 x 130 x 20 89.03 11,342 40.0 35.9 195.0

x 16 73.31 9,339 32.0 33.8 195.0
x 12 56.54 7,203 24.0 31.8 195.0
BC 310 x 95x 20 65.48 8,342 40.0 28.0 155.0 s::

x 16 54.47 6,939 32.0 25.9 155.0 81
x 12 42.41 5,403 24.0 23.6 155.0 ee
BC 240 x SOx 16 44.42 5,659 32.0 27.5 120.0 40
x 12 34.96 4,443 24.0 25.3 120.0 33
x 10 29.72 3,785 20.0 24.3 120.0 29
BC 200 x 75 x 16 35.63 4,539 32.0 24.5 100.0 21,

x 12 28.28 3,603 24.0 22.2 100.0 19,
x 10 24.22 3,085 20.0 21.1 100.0 16,
BC 175 x 75 x 12 25.93 3,303 24.0 23.7 97.5 13,

x 10 22.26 2,835 20.0 22.5 87.5 11,
x 8 18.33 2,335 16.0 21.4 87.5 10,i
BO 140 x 70 x 12 21.69 2, 763 24.0 24.2 70.0 6,1

x 10 18.73 2,385 20.0 23.0 70.0 6,(
x 8 15.50 1,975 16.0 21.8 70.0 ,
5'
ASEP Steel Handbook

-72-
xy
,(FF:~-\-r
\1'.'->: i<-' !
iI I
X _. -- r-:- --1- _.... - :< H
Be Shapes II I H'f2\(mox)
"I.:'
I
,
j
\ ....:=:~~=::J ___...__ .
Dimensions
y
Prcpertle$ I
I B I
"f-.--.----.---t-
Axis X-X Axis y-y

I S I S Dee/gnat/on
y, x1Ql xi Ql r xi Ql xi oJ r Hx Bx t
mm mm 4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
195.0 217,428 1,115.0 139.5 15,627 188.1 37.1 Be 390 x 130x 20

195.0 198,071 954.2 141.2 12,607 131.1 'dI3.7 x 18
195.0 148,953 783.3 143.8 9,301 94.7 35.9 x 12
155.0 92,604 597.4 105.4 5,551 82.9 25.8 Be 310 x 95x 20

155.0 81,394 525.1 108.3 4,881 70.8 28.5 x 18
155.0 88,999 430.3 111. 1 3,788 52,9 28.4 x 12
120.0 40,436 337,0 84.5 3,980 63.4 26.15 Be 240 x OOx 16
120.0 :33,797 281.8 97,2 3,050 472 26.2 x 12
120.0 29,637 247,0 99,5 2,522 39.4 25.8 x 10
,
100.0 21,:336 213.4 68,6 2, 131 42.2 21.7 Be 200 x 75x 16

100.0 19,342 183.4 71.4 1,750 33.', 22.0 x 12
100.0 18,294 182.9 72,7 1.471 27,3 21,8 x 10
97.5 13,104 149.9 63,0 1,702 33.2 22,7 Be 175 x 75x 12

97.5 11,709 1339 64.3 1,421 27.1 22.4 x 10
97.5 10,014 114.4 85.5 1,119 20.9 21.9 x 9
70.0 8,992 99.9 50.3 1,333 29.1 22.0 Be 140 x 70x 12

70.0 8,339 f'O.5 51.5 1,112 23.7 21.6 x 10
70.0 5,494 ,9.5 52.7 973 19.1 21.0 x 8
ASEP Sleel Handbook

73-
y
-+~,;+,
.~'--.---".~, -+~--t
((-.,--~ -r i ,
lw II '
-)0. '(._. ;
I
I
, .... 1/ I .\ ,',
,
~:
j.r 1of2t (mm)
t_'",.. L._,._~ , i
,I 8CShapes
Dimensions
----r------" -_-t
'( , Proplrties
t
/ Il ,I
Centroid
Designation Weight Area Radius
Yx Bx t W A R x, y,
kgfm mm 2 mm mm mm
BC 120 x 60x 10 1559 1,995 20.0 20.6 60.0

x 8 12.99 1,655 160 19.4 60.0
x 6 10.18 1,291 12.0 18.2 60.0
BC 100 x SOx 10 12.45 1,585 20.0 18.2 50.0

x 8 10.48 1,885 16.0 17.0 50.0
x 6 9.25 1,051 12.0 15.9 50.0
BC 70 x 40 x 10 9.52 1,095 20.0 16.9 85.0

,
x 9 7.34 93e: i6.0 15.5 35.0
x 6 M9 751 I 12.0 14.1 35.0
II
i
,
I
I ,
,I
I .
I
,
.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-74-
,
Be Shapes
D'l1enslons
Properties
Axis X-X Axis y-y

I S Deeignation
Y, r x1cY x1cY r HX B x t
nm mm mm 4 mm' mm
30,0 3,722 62,0 43,3 701 17,8 18,8 Be 120x SOx 10

30,0 3,281 54,7 44,5 558 13,7 18.4 x 8
50,0 2,897 45,0 45,7 405 9,7 17,7 x 6
50,0 1,943 39,9 35,0 395 12,4 15,8 Be 100x 50x 10

50,0 1,758 35,2 36,3 325 9,8 15,6 x 8
50,0 1,479 29,6 37,e; 2'10 7,0 1e;,1 x 6
35,0 ~4 16,7 23,2 182 7,9 12,9 Be 70x 40x 10

35,0 ~3 16,1 2'1, e; 1e;9 6, e; 13,0 x 8
35,0 '199 1'I, 2 2M 121 4,7 12,7 x 8
ASEP Steel Handbook

-75-
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-76-
Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes 3-1A
PART 3
COLD - Fa RM ED
LIGHT GAGE SHAPES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-7'1-
T
3-1B Cold-Formed LightGage Shapes
NOTES
ASEP Steel HandbooK

-78-
Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes 3-1
CONTENTS
Nomerlclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Gen.eral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3- 3
and Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Kat:erials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Methods of Cold-Forming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
ional Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
ional Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Slitting Guide For Lip Se~tions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Dimensional Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
LC-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
LZ-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
LR-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
LS-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38
ASEP Steel Handbook

-79-
T~ '.
3-2 Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition
A Cross-sectional area T
B Flange width of section or shorter leg
of tubular section mm
Effective design width of element mm
Overall depth of stiffening lip mm
Depth of section or longer leg of tubular
section mm
Clear distance between flanges mm TI
Basic design stress MPa cc
Specified minimum yield stress of strlctural steel MPa
Moment of inertia about the X-X axis mm4
Moment of inertia about the Y-Y axis mm4
Inside radius of bend mm Th
Radius of gyration about x-x axis mm
Radius of gyration about Y-Y axis mm
Radius of gyration about Z-Z axis mm
Elastic section modulus about x-x axis mm 3
Elastic section modulus about Y-Y axis mm 3
Base metal thickness of section mm
w Flat width of element exclusive of fillets mm
W Nominal weight per unit length kg/m
section along the X-X axis mm
section along the Y-Y axis mm ce
a Angle between the X-X axis and the
princ~pal Z-Z axis rad
ree
ign of
ASEP Steel Handbook

-80-
COLD-FORMED LIGHT GAGE SHAPES
Uni
This part of the Steel Handbook deals with light gage struc-
steel shapes cold-formed from coils or sheets which thick-
rom ranging from 2.0 rom to 6.0 mm. Shapes bent from plates
mn mm to 20.0 mm are designated as cold-
mM plate shapes and covered in Part 2 of this Steel Hand-
rom
rom The use of conve.1tional built-up shapes is uneconomical in
MPa cases because of the very low stress developed even for the
MPa tnhT~Rt available section. In such situation, light gage sec-
rom 4 normally used.
rom4
rom The performance of light gage shapes under load, however,
rom differs in several significant respects from that of heavy rolled
rom ions. Because of its slender flat elements, light gage sec-
rom tend to buckle at stress levels lower than the yield point
rom 3 when subjected to compressive, bending, shear, and bearing
rom 3 .tresses. This local buckling does not, however, necessarily
rom 'Man failure as addi.tional loads may still be carried even by the
rom "buckled" member. The design criteria for these sections are
kg/rn therefore based on the post-buckling strength of the members
after local buckling has occurred. Furthermore, as these are
rom normally ope,1 sections, torsional buckling or torsion-flexural
buckling may be significant depending on the relationship of the
rom shear center to the centroid of the section.
rad Light gage steel cnnstruction also differs from that of

in the shapes of the sections used, connections, and
fabrication practi:es. As a result, design specifications for
heavy hot-rolled and built-up steel construction do not apply.
The provisions of the !\merican Iron and Steel Institute's Speci-
fication for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members
are recommended for use in conjunction with the analysis and
desi~1 of light gage steel sections.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-81-
Scope and Classification
Cold-formed light gage structural steel members can

divided into two product categories: framing members and
face members. The latter are generally used for roof
floor decks, wall panels, and siding material.
Due to the relative ease of producing a great variety

cOld-formed sections, several shapes have been developed
used. These include cees, zees, angles, hats, tubes, tees,
I-sections. Frequently, these sections are stiffened with
or other edge stiffeners to inhibit premature local buckling.
Because of their wide popularity and usage in the count

this Steel Handbook presents only four of the simpler light
shapes. Two of the four shapes, the lip-cee and the lip-zee
shapes are primarily used as flexural members. The
two, the square tube and the rectangular tube sections are es
tially utilized as compression members. The latter closed
tions, however, may also be used as flexural members. The
sifications and designations relating to these shapes are
below.
A total of 281 light gage sections are given in this

Handbook. Of these, 107 are LC sections with depths ranging f (
65 rom to 255 rom. There are 107 LZ sections with depths ranging (
from 65 rom to 200 rom. For the tubular sections, 34 are LR .
tions and 33 are LS sections. ThG LR sections have depths ranging R
from 25 IlUn to 175 rom whi te the LS sections have depths
from 24 rom to 100 rnm. The latter two closee sections are
on the sizes available from local manufacturers.
ASEP Stee: HanQbook

82
.~ can TJe minimum quality requirement for light-gage structural

,d members is structural steel conforming to JIS G3101
Light gage shapes are normally manufactured from hot-
coils Which are locally available in 930 mm widths and
~1cknesses ranging from 1.2 mm to 9.0 mm. However, to minimize
~T'rn,~ion problems and to insure structural durability, light
jed sections used as structural members should not be thinner
~s I
2.0 mm. On the other side, to avoid inefficient structural
:h Ilrl,pl~r1ties when inside radius of pressed li.ght gage sections are
,ng. icated, light gage section plate thickness should not be
!:t.l],lCKer than 6.0 mm. To minimize "necking" and micro-cracking at
bend radius and prevent change of properties in' the affected
of the bent portion, the inside radius (in coordination with
1 io-ze)e', fabricators in the country) are made equal to 2.0 times the
~mai
p'OLcematerial thickness.
When strength is not of prime consideration, or for non-

81;rtlct:ural members, the minimum requirement is commercial quali-
,(CQ) hot-rolled conforming to JIS G3131 SPHC and JIS G3141
(or PNS 127 Class 1), respectively. Further information is
in Part 6 of this Steel Handbook.
ltion The specified yield strength, F y ' of SS 400 steel is taken

245 MPa. For the SPHC and SPCC (or PNS 127 Class 1) steels,
specified yield stress, Fy is taken as 1,70 MPa.
3xCxt
3xCxt
3xt Cold-Forming
3xt
There are two methods generally used in the manufacture of
cold-formed sections. These are:
3
(1) By roll rolling, and

(2) By press brake bending.
Roll forming is u8ualiy confined to a limited number of

because of the cost of the rolling equipment. If the
e set of rolls needed for each shape is available, the
production of large quantities of identical shapes is best accom-
plished by roll forning.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-83-
Forming in press brakes, is how3ver, more

moderate production runs of limited quantities of a given
This is so because, in the semi-manual use of the press
only a minimum change of tooling is needed to a"commodate
fabrication of a great variety of shapes. lts major
are the lower dimensional quality control and the higher
tibility to micro-cracking of the materials at the corner
which may affect the structural integrity of the shapes.
As with the other f3bricated shapes, one of the

siderations in the choice of sectional dimensions is the
utilization of locally manufactured sh8ets or coils.The
sections could result in an average 93% coil utilization
maximum of about 98% and a minimum of about 88%). These
ages may, however, will differ because of existing current
widths and could be improved by proper y'.anning of fabri
procedures.
Other considerations in the choice of the sectional 1'<
sions are based on the provisions of the AlSI Specifications!.

For one, the lip stiffeners of the LC and LZ sections
satisfy a minimum overall depth to be considered effective as
"lipstiffener." The IIp dimensions were so chosen that they
effectfve for stresses not exceeding O. 60F y' however, under.
stresses the full dimensions of the lip mayor may not be
effective in the computation of the effective section properti
Note that the full unreduced section properties are

'used in the calculation of deflections.
Sectional Properties
The calculation of areas, moments of inertia

sectional properties are usually done using appropriate
cations. .,,"
ASEPSteelHandbook
-84-
al for The section properties of thin-walled shapes .are computed

shape. so-called "linear method." In this method, the various
brakes, elements which compose the section are replaced by straight-
. te the or curved-line elements. Calculating the total length,
awbacks of inertia, etc., of these line elements, the appropriate
:suscep- of the actual section can be obtained by
bends these quantities by the thickness. This procedure
followed in this Part 7 of the Steel Handbook.
It should be noted that the actual area of thin elements

compressive stresses must frequently be replaced by a
reduced effective area for calculating the effective cross-
r .con- sectional properties as required by the AISI, and thus should be
optimum computed and considered in the design. The computed design
:adopted stresses based on the effective section properties shall not
with a exceed the basic allowable stresses specified
ercent-
t coil
ication Guide For Gip Sections
The following discussion is intended primarily as a guide to

dimen- fabricators and manufacturers of light gage sections in the
:ations. slitting of locally available coil products. Two tables are
'lS must herein presented giving the theoretical width of strips and the
:'e as a recommended slitting schedule.
ley are
:r these Table 3-1 gives th! theoretical blank width required for
fully particular LC or LZ section. Note that the width of the
)erties. increases as the thickness of the steel decreases. This
is useful in determining the combination of sections which
:e also would optimize utilization of coils.
Table 3-2 presents the recommended slitting schedule for

coil widths assuming uniform blank wi.dths are to be produced.
The table gives the number of identical strips to be cut from the
and the expected yield in percent. As shown, the yield
i other.' be as high as 98%. Note that further economy may be at-
lmplifi- by combining sections ane, the use of Table 3-1 as noted
" .i.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-85-
Dimensional Tolerances
The tabulated dimensions and propertie.s are

values and the finished product will normally have some
variations from these tabulations. To guide the designer
fabricator, a set of recommended dimensional tolerances are gi
below.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-86-
Table 3-1
Theoretical Width of Strips
),tical
31ight I
r and 1Size. mm t. Thickness, moo
given IHxBxC 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0
1 1
1255x90x25 1 435 439 4/+/,.. 1,48 452 456 460 464
InOx75x25 / 370 374 379 ~83 387 391 395 399 403
1200x75x25 /
371 375 379 383
/200x75x20 /
369 373
/200X70x15 /
345
/185x50x20 /
279 284 288 292 296 300 304 308
/175x50x20 1 278 282 286 290 29/, 298
/150x75x25 /
300 304 309
/150X75x20 /
290 29/, 299 303 315
1150x65x20 /
274 279 283 287 291 295 299 303
1150x50x20 /
240 ?44
1150X50x18 1 2/,0 261
1125x50x20 / 219 224 228 232 236 240 2!~/l
1125x50X15 1 218 222 226 230

/120x60x20 1 230 23', 239 2/,3 755
1120x /,Ox20 1 190 194 199 203 207 211 215 219 223
1100x50X15 1 193 197 201 205 209 213
. 1 90x45x15 /
173 177 181 185 189 193
) 1 75x38x15 1 1/+!1- 148 152 156 160 164
.. 65x30x15 118 12:> 126 130 13 /, 138
1 1
I
ASEP Steel Handbook

87
I
3-10 Cold-Formed [,ight Gage Shapes
Tahle 3-2
Recommended Slitting Schedule
I
ISize, mm Coil ,Number of Yield
IHxBxC Width,mm Strips %
I
1255x90x25 1 930 2 94
1220x75x25 1 1,220 3 91
1200x75x25 1 1,220 3 91
1200x75x20 1 1,220 3 91
1200x70X15 1 1,055 3 98
1185>:50x20 1 1,220 4 91
1175x50x20 1 1,220 4 91
1150x75x25 1 1,220 4 98
1150>:75x20 1 1,220 4 95
1150>:65>:20 1 1,220 4 90
1150x50x20 1 1,220 5 98 f
1150 >:50>:18 1 1,220 5 98
1125x50x20 1 1,220 5 90
1125x50x15 1 930 4 94 1
1120x60x20 1 1,220 5 94
1120x40x20 1 1,220 6 93
1120x40>:20 1 930 4 89
1100X50X15 1 1,220 6 95
I 90x45x15 1 930 5 93
1 75x38>:15' 1 930 6 93
1 75>:38x15 1 1,220 7 92
1 65x30x15 1 930 7 89 L
1 65x30x15 1 1,220 8 88
ASEP Steel ilandbook

-88-
Cold-Formed Light Gag~ Shapes 3-11
DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES
Cold-P0rmed Light Gage Shapes
I FORMING TOLERANCES
ield I
% I i
I I
94
91
91
I
I
I
I T~rl
I I { H
91 I I
98
91
91
I
I
I
I
I j):'' ' ;' 'Cif.Jp __
------------------------
J
98 I I PermIssible VarIations Over and Under I Out-of-Squareness
95 I I Specified Oimensions I of Corners
90 mm/mm
98
I 1---- -----1
I I H, Depth I B, Flange WIdth C, Lip 1
98 I I mm I mm mm I
90 I ~I-------~I------~ ---1------~
94 I IUnder 150 mm, excl 1.51 1
94 I 1150 to 300 mm, excl 2.0 I 1.5 2.0 1
0.026
93 I 1300 mm and over 3.0 I 1
89 I
I
95 I
93 I TOLERANCES
93 I
92 I I
89 I ;I Length Permissible Variation Over SpecIfied
88 I Length, mm a
" mm
:I~------------------------
;J7, 000 and over 40
lover 7,000 1,0 mm + 5 rom x (total length in m - 7)
.I~-----------------------------------------------------------------~
! a Permissible variation under specified length is 0 mm for all lengths.

,
., STRAIGHTNESS TOLERANCE
Tolerance 2.0 mm x (total length in m).
ASEI' Ste(~I Handbook

-89-
NOTES
ASEP Steel Hardbook

-90-
TABLES
OF
DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTI ES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-91-
tfr
Hill: ,
,~'
:
. . -rot
_.' -\) c
Ie, - '
!
I
,
h i '
X-"'~T---Xj LC SHAPES
rn
:~ R~it(rn()x)
~
0.tr'-qzz~
I ~, Full Stotlon
!I
t--
Y
B
J Properties
DMlgnatlon W A A x.
HxSxCld k~m mm 2 mm mm
LC 2~ x90x ~x 6,0 2MO 2,611 12,0 ! 2

x ~,~ 19,97 2,417 11.0 2
xM 17,41 2,219 10,0 .! 2,
x 4,15 1~,91 2,0115 9,0 11
X 4,0 14,19 1,~07 9,0 l'
x 3.5 12,53 1,596 7,0 1!
x 3,(}v 10,93 1,380 6,0 'H
x 2.5 , 9,11 1,161 5,0 !. 1i
l i .-)
LC220x75x25x6.0 1"1.44 2,221 12,0 1~

x 5,5 16,16 2,059 11.0 1~
x 5,0 14,96 1,993 10,0 13
x 4,5. 13.52 1,722 9,0 11
x 4,0 12,115 1,547 . 9,0 10
x 3.5 10,74 1,369 7,0 9,
x 3.0 9,30 1,195 6,0 9,
x 2,15 7,93 999 M 7,
x 2.0 6,33 f1J7 4,0 5,
LC 200 x 715 x 2~ x 3.15 10,19 1,296 7,0 7,

x 3,0 . 1,1215 6,0 6,'
x 2.5 949 5,0 5,:
x 2.0 767 4,0 4, ~
. LC 200 x 75 x 20 x 2. ~ 7,25 923 5,0 5,e

x2.0/ 5,96 747 4,0 4,e
ASEP Steel Handbook

-92-
,~-1l
LC SHAPES
Full Seollon
'-.: --, j
' II 11'{"'O~
I ':J
ewdp'''''Jd' _._
Properties
~l
antroid Axis X-X Axis y-y
xo I S I S DMignation
mm x1 (ii x10J r x1 (ii x1 (ii r HxBxCxt
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
~,2 24,255 190,2 96,4 2,,, 57 36,4 30,0 LC 255 x 90 x 25 x 6,0

~,3 22,653 177.7 96,8 2,237 34,6 30,4 xM
~,4 20,976 164,5 973 2,103 32,5 30,8 x 5,0
~,4 19,223 150,$ 97,7 1,955 303 31,2 x 4,~
~,~ 17,395 136.4 98,1 1,794 27,8 31,5 x 4,0
~,5 15,490 121,5 98,5 1,619 251 31.9 x 3,5
25.6 13,509 1060 98,9 1,430 22,2 32,2 x 3,0
25,7 11,,151 89,8 99,3 1,227 19,1 32,5 x 2,5
21.7 14,963 136,0 82,1 1,393 26,1 25.0 LC 220 x 75 x 25 x 6,0

21.7 14,025 127,5 82,5 1,331 25,0 25.4 x 5,5
21.8 13,032 118,5 83,0 1,259 23,7 25,8 x 5,0
21.8 11,983 108,9 83,4 1,177 221 26,1 x 4,5
21.9 . 10,978 99,9 83,8 1,096 20.5 26.5 x 4.0
22,0 9,718 88,3 84,3 985 19,6 26,8 x 8.5
22,0 9,501 77.3 84,7 875 16,5 27,2 x 3,0
22,1 7,227 65,7 85,1 754 14,2 27,(5 x 2,5
22,1 5,897 53,6 8SS 624 11,8 27,8 x 2,0
7,749 77.5 77.3 955 18,4 27,1 LC 200 x 75 x 25 x 3,5

6,785 67,9 77.7 848 16,3 27,4 x 3,0
5,774 57,7 7e,0 731 14,1 27,8 x2.5
4,716 472 79,4 605 11,7 28,1 x 2.0
5,624 56,2 78,1 965 12,(5 28,8 LC 200 x 7(5 x 20 x 2,5

4,595 460 78,4 552 10.4 27,2 x20
ASEP Steel Handbook

-93-
t
-
xy
-t;~L"",
~y4"
I
.- I
-r--l
_.
C
x- - -:- - - -..}{..--"'..,H
+("~J~
LC SHAPES
W,c:7/@ ~
Full StOtlon
r . Properties
L~--J
Area
D$sl~natlon W A R Xo
2
Hx8xCxt kg/m mm mm mm
LC 200 x 70 x 15 x 3,0 9,13 1,035 6,0 6,'

LC 195 x 50 x 20 x 5,5 12,06 1,537 11.0 e, ~
xM 11.13 1,418 10,0 e,~
x 4,5 10,16 1,295 9,0 5, e
x 4.0 9.16 1,167 8,0 5'-
x 3.5 8.13 1,036 7.0 . 4,8
"
x3.0 7.07 900 6.0 .. 4,2

x 2,5 5.97 761 5.0 .. S,5
x 2.0 4.84 617 4.0 ..... '. 2,9
LC 175 x 50 x 20 x 4.5 9.81 1,250 9.0 5,11

x 4,0 8. 1,127 8.0 4,51
x35 7. 1,001 7.0 4,21
x 3.0 6.83 870 6.0 S,7:
x 2.5 5.77 7St\ 5,0
S. 1e
x 2,0 4,68 597 4,0 2,8~
LC 150 x 7.5 x 25 x 6,0 14,14 1,901 12,0 5,91

x 5,5 1S,14 1,674 11.0 M7
x 5,0 12,11 1,54:3 ~o,o
5,20:
" LC 150 x 75 x 20 x 6,0 13,67 1,741 12,0 5,74;
-1.\ J x 5,5 12,71 1,619 11.0 5,411
x 5,0 11.72 1,493 10,0 '. e,D84
x 4,5 10,69 1,S62 9,0 4,88::
x 3.0 7, 945 8.0 ,S73
ASEP Steel Handbook
-94-
LC SHAPES
Full Section
Properties
lntroid AxieX-X Axis y-y

I S I S Designation
x1dl x1dl x1 dl x1 dl Hx8xCxt
1e,5 6, 11 0 61.1 76,9 575 11.2 23,6 LC 200 x 70 x 15 x 3,0
13,5 6,741 72,9 66,2 374 10.2 156 LC 195 x 50 x 20 x 5,5

1U 6,:321 69,3 66,8 363 10,0 160 xM
13,5 5,962 63,4 67,3 349 9,5 16,4 x 4,5
13,6 5,366 58.0 67,8 328 g,O 16.8 x 4.0
13,6 4,831 52,2 69,3 304 9,3 17,1 x 3.5
13,6 4,258 46,0 68.8 274 7.5 17.5 x30
13,7 3,846 39,4 69,2 241 6.6 17.8 x 2.5
1,3,7 2,998 32.4 69,7 202 5.6 18.1 x 2.0
13,9 5,100 59,4 639 342 9.5 16.5 LC 175 x 50 x 20 x 4,5

14,0 .01,680 53,5 6.01,4 323 9.0 16.9 x4.0
14,0 4,217 48,2 6.01,9 298 8,3 17,3 x 3.5
14,1 3,720 42,5 65,4 270 7,5 17.6 x 30
14,1 :3, 199 36.4 65,8 237 6,6 17.\1 x 2.5
14,1 2,621 30,0 66,3 199, 5,5 19.3 x2.0
26,0 5,912 79,9 57,3 1,213' 24,(3 25,9 LC 150 x 75 x 25 x 6,0

26,1 5,571 74,3 57,7 1,160 23,7 t'I:),3 x 5,5
26,2 5,202 69A 59,1 1,099 22,5 26,7 x 5,0
5,747 76,6 57A 1,081 21.'l 24,9 LC 150 >< 75 x 20 x 6,0

5,419 72,3 57,9 1,039 20,6 25,3 x 5,5
5,06.01 67,5 58,2 989 19,6 25,7 x 5,0
4,693 62,4 59,6 929 19.5 26,1 x 4,5
3,373 45.0 59.7 699 11.0 27,2 x 3,0
ASEP Steel Handbook
-95-
'''"---------- - - - - - - - - - -t- ------,,,,

xy
-t--<'-
7;z}(""W2P~
1- i - I
Jl
LC SHAPES
Full Seo1ion
Proper .:ies
x - - : -:- - - - x
~ R_:21('~ J H
"'"*"'"
l-~
entroid AxieX-X Axie Y-Y
I S I S D9Si~nation
xi OS x10S r xi OS xi OS r Hx6xCxt
mm 4 mm 3 mr1 mm 4 mm 3 mm
4,945 64,6 58,7 710 16,0 21,7 LC 150 x 65 x 20 x M

4,539 60,5 57,1 690 15,3 22,1 x 5,0
4,206 56,1 57,5 643 14,5 22,5 x 4,5
a47 51.3 57,9 599 13.5 22,8 x 4,0
$,461 46,2 59,$ 548 12,4 23,2 x $,5
3,049 40,7 58,7 491 11.1 23,5 x :3.0
2,609 34,8 59,1 426 9,7 23,9 x 2,5
2, 142 28,6 59.4 355 8,1 24,2 x 2.0
4,191 55,9 53,9 354 10,1 15,7 LC 150 x 50 x 20 x 6,0

8,988 53,1 54,4 349 10,0 16.1 x 5,5
3,914 52,2 54,4 325 9,2 15,7 LC 150x50x 19x5,5

2,525 33,7 56,8 243 6,9 17,6 x 3,0
16,4 2,524 40,4 45,7 326 9,7 16.4 LC 125 x 50 x 20 x 5,5

16,4 2,396 39,2 46,2 317 9,5 16,9 x 5,0
16,5 2,230 35,7 ~,7 305 9,1 17,2 x 4,5
16,6 2,05'3 32,9 47,1 299 9,6 17,6 x4,0
16,6 1,964 29,8 47,5 2fl7 9,0 18,0 x 3,5
16,7 1,654 26.5 47,9 241 7,2 18,3 x 3,0
16,7 1,425 22,9 49,3 212 6,4 19,6 x 2,5
2, 139 34,2 46,7 259 7,4 16,2 LC 125 x 50 x 15 x 4,5

1,975 31,6 47,2 246 7,1 16,7 x4,0
1,793 29,7 47,6 ~30 6,6 17,1 x 3,5
1,593 25.5 49,0 210 6,0 17,4 x3,0
ASEP Steel Handbook
-97-
LC SHAPES
Full Section
Properties
Area
Deslgnetlon w A 11
Hx8xClIi kg/m mm 2 mm
LC 120 x 60 x 20 x 6,0 1,391 12,0

I}"
x5,5 1,299 11.0 . Eoj I
xM 1,193 10.0 ze
x4,5 1,092 9,0 Z~
x 3,0 765 6,0 , 2,3
1,7
LC 120 x 40 x 20 x S,O 1,141 12,0
x 5,5 1,069 11.0 1,9
x 5,0 993 10,0 1,9
x 4,5 912 9,0 1,8:
x 4,0 927 9,0 1,7"
x3,5 739 7,0 1,51
x 3.0 645 6,0 1,4e
x25 B49 5,0 1,26
x20 447 4,0 1, 1~
93
"-... LC 100 x50 x 15 x 4,5 967 9,0 16,
x 4,0 797 9,0 16, 1,24
xM 703 7,0 1e, 1,15:
x $,0 615 6,0 17, 1,05'
x2.5 523 M 17,1 '. 931
~ x2.0 427 4,0 17,1 91l
6n
ASEP Steel Handbook

-98-
\
x y
i-'~t
l";tffZ~Q-r
l ~ I
x - -; --:- - - - x H
LC SHAPES 0'~ I
.f<o12t{max) fl I
Full Section . ~\;~;-,~pBz;~;1 ~~_~.
Properties
L:~-l
Axie X-X Axis y-y
I S I S Designation
xi OS x10S r xi OS xi OS r Hx8xCxt
20,6
2,775 46,3 44,9 540 13,7 19,9 LC 120 x 60 x 20 x 6,0
20,7 20,2 xM
2,640 44,0 45,3 526 18,4
20,9 x 5,0
2,497 41.5 45,7 506 12,9 20.6
20,9 x 4,5
2,319 89,6 46,1 491 12,8 21.0
21.1 .<17,2 9,6 22,0 x 8,0
1,705 29,4 872
12,9 I
1,995 38,3 41.9 170 6.3 122 LC 120 x 40 x 20 x 6.0
12,9
1,919 32.0 42.4 172 6.3 12,7 x 5.5
12,9
1,828 30.4 42.9 171 6.3 13.1 x 5.0
13,0 x 4.5
1,717 28,6 43.4 167 6,2 13.5
13,0
1,693 26.5 48,9 160 5,9 13.9 x 4.0
13,1
1,452 24.2 44,3 150 5,6 14,2 x 3.5
13,1
1,294 21,.6 44.9 137 5.1 14,6 x 3,0
13,2 x 2,5
1,120 18.7 45,2 122 4.5 14.9
13,2
930 15,5 45,6 103 3.9 15,2 x 2,0
16,7
1,241 24,9 87,8 239 7,1 16,6 LC 100 x 50 x 15 x 4,5
16,9 x 4,0
1,152 28.0 39,3 227 M 17,0
16,9
1,051 21.0 00,7 212 6.4 17,4 x 3,5
17,0 x 3,0
939 19,9 39,0 194 5,9 17,7
17,1
912 16,2 39,4 171 5,2 19,1 x 25
17,1 x 2,0
675 3,5 89,9 145 4.4 19,4
ASEP Steel Handbook

~99-
L
,3-22 Cold-Formed Light Gage Shapes
~-F-r
I __
i
X - - / -1- -- - - X H
RJ21{mO~
+,zy,_
LC SHAPES
FJII Seotlon
Properti.s
L-~-J
Des! gnation W A FI Xo I
Hx8xCxt kg/m mm 2 mm mm xiC
LC SO X 45 X 15 X 4,5 6,10 777 9,0

x4,0 5,55 707 6,0
X 4,5 4,97 633 7,0
X 3,0 4,36 555 6,0
x2,5 3,71 473 M
X 2,0 3.04 367 4,0
LC 75 X 38 x 15 x 4,5 5,08 647' 9,0 ,

x 4,0 464 591 6,0 <
x 3,5 418 532 7,0 ~
x3,0 366 466 6,0 S

x2,5 3,14 401 5,0 3
x 2,0 2,56 329 40 2
LC 65 x 30 X 15 x 4,5 530 9,0 21

x4,0 487 6,0 2(
xM 441 7,0 2
x3,0 390 6,0 Z
X 2,5 336 5,0 it
x2,0 277 4,0 i
ASEP Steel HandJ)ook

-100-
LC SHAPES
Full Section
Propertie$
ntroid Axis X-X Axis y-y

I S I S Designation
x1~ x1 ~ r xll)~ x1 ~ r HxBxCxt
mm 4 mm s mm mm 4 mm s mm
1e>. e; 979 19.5 33.6 171 5,9 14.9 LC 90x 45 x 1e; x4,5
1e>. e; 920 19.2 34.0 164 5,6 15,2 x4,0
752 16.7 34,5 155 5,3 156 x4,5
15.6
1e>. 7 674 15,0 34.9 142 4.9 16,0 x3.0
1M 597 13,0 35.2 127 4,3 16.4 x2.5
15.9 490 10, 9 35,6 108 3.7 16,7 x2,0
13.9 491 12,9 27,3 99 4,1 12,3 LC 75 x 38 x 15 x 4,5

13.9 454 12,1 27,7 97 4,0 12,9 x4,0
421 11 ,2 28,1 93 3. 8 13,2 x3,5
13.9
14.0 392 10,2 28,6 86 3,6 13,6 x3,0
335 9,9 28,9 78 3,2 139 x2,5
14.0
282 7,5 29,3 67 2,8 14,3 x2,0
14.1
11.2 267 9,2 22,5 46 2,5 9,3 LC 65x 30 x 15 x4.5

258 7,9 23,0 47 2,5 9,8 x4,0
11.3
11.3 243 7,5 2M 47 2,5 10,3 x 3,e;
223 6,9 23,9 44 2,4 10,7 x3,0
11.4
11.4 199 6,1 24,3 41 2,2 11,0 x2,5
169 5,2 24,7 36 1.9 11.3 x2,0
11.5
ASEP Steel Handbook

-101-
i
z,i~-
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"--
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Ful Seotion
LJ
I " -
'z
Properties
Weight Area Fladiue AxisZ-Z

Deeignation W A FI tan r
Hx8xCxt kg/m mm 2 mm a mm
LZ 200 X 70 X 15 X 8, 8,18 1,085 6,0 0,287 18,99 e

LZ 185 X 50 X 20 X 5,5 12,06 1,587 11,0 0,212 12,74 6
X 5,0 11,18 1,418 10,0 0,215 13,12 ~
X 4,5 10,16 1,295 9,0 0,219 13,47 5,
X 4,0 9,16 1,167 9,0 0,222 13,81 5,
X 8.5 8,13 1,086 7,0 0,225 14,1:3 4,
X 8,0 7,07 900 6,0 0,228 14,43 4,
X 2,5 5,97 761 5,0 0,231 14,72 3,
X 2,0 4,84 617 4,0 0,285 15,00 ~
LZ 175 X 50 X 20 X 4,5 9,91 1,250 9,0 0,237 13,53 5,

X 4,0 8,95 1,127 9,u 0,240 13.97 4,1
X 8,5 7,96 1,001 7JJ 0,243 14,19 4,:
X 3,0 6,83 870 6,0 0,247 14.49 3, j
X 2,5 5,77 786 5,0 0,250 14,79 ' 3,1
x20 4,69 597 4,0 0,253 15,06 2,e
LZ 150 X 75 X 25 X 6,0 14,14 1,801 12,0 0,488 19,64 5,9
X 5,5 13,14 1,674 11.0 0,491 19,99 5,5
X 5,0 12,11 1,548 10,0 0,494 20,31 '. ' 5,2
LZ 150 x75x 20x 6,0 13,67 1,741 12,0 0,461 19,73 '
X 5,5 12,71 1,619 11.0 0,465 19,10
X 5,0 11.72 1,493 10,0 0,469 19,46 '
X 4,5 10,69 1,362 9,0 0,472 19,79 '
X 3,0 7,42 945 6,0 0,482 20,71
ASEP Steel Handbook

-102-
y
-t-B_j-
z'r:~:'l
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x---c!----x
1
' 11
Ii
LZ SHAPES I-I - ,
Full Section R~'l(~
~, c
L::J"~
Properties
Axis x-x Axis y-y

r I S I S .Designation
mm xi OS x10S r xi OS xi OS r HxBxCxt
18,99 6,110 61.1 76,8 875 12,8 29,1 LZ 200 x 70 x 15 x 8.0
12,74 6,741 72,9 66,2 550 11.6 18,9 LZ 185 x 50 x 20 x 5,5

18,12 6,321 68,3 66.8 535 11.3 19,4 x 5,0
13,47 5,862 63,4 67,3 513 10,7 19.9 x4,5
18,81 5,366 58,0 67,8 484 10,1 20,4 x 4,0
14,13 4,881 52,2 68,3 449 9,8 20,8 x 3,5
14,43 4,258 46,0 68,9 407 9,4 21.3 x 8,0
14,72 3,648 89,4 69,2 358 7,3 21.7 x 2,5
H5,00 2,996 32,4 69,7 802 6,~ 22,1 x 2,0
13,53 5,109 58.4 63,9 513 10,7 20,3 LZ 175 x 50 x 20 x 4,5

18,87 4,690 53,5 64,4 484 10,1 20,7 x 4,0
14,19 4,217 48,2 64,9 449 9,3 21.2 x3,5
14,49 3,720 42,5 65,4 407 8.4 21.6 x 3,0
14,79 3,199 36.4 65,8 358 7,3 22,1 x 2,5
15,06 2,621 30,0 66,3 302 6,2 22,5 x 2,0
19,64 5,912 78,8 57,3 2,167 30, 1 34,7 LZ 150 x 75 x 25 x 6,0

19,98 5,571 74,3 57,7 2,072 28,7 35,2 x 5,5
20,81 5,202 69.4 58,1 1,963 27,1 35,7 x 5,0
18,78 5,747 76.6 57,4 1,881 26,1 32,9 LZ 150 x 75 x 20 x 6,0

19,10 5,419 12,3 57,9 1,806 25,0 33,4 x 5,5
19,48 5,064 67,5 58,2 1,718 23,7 33,9 x 5,0
19,79 4,683 62,4 58,6 1,615 22,2 34.4 x 4,5
20,71 3373 45,0 59,7 1 218 16,6 (35,9 x 3,0
ASEP Steel Handbook
-103-
y
[l
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I ,,- . Properties
LJ~j 'z
Weight Area Radius

Designation W A R
HxBxCxt kg/m mm 2 mm a
LZ 255 X90 x 25 X 6.
X 5.5
20.50
18.97
2,611
2,417
12.0
11.0
0.297
0.300
24.08
24.41
2
2;
X 5.0 17.41 2,218 10.0 0.302 24.74 21
X 4.5 15.81 2,015 9.0 0.304 25.06 1!
X 4.0 14.19 1,807 8.0 0.307 25.37 r
X 3.5 12.53 1,596 7.0 0.309 25.67 1i
X 3.0 10.83 1,380 6.0 0.311 25.96 1:
X 2.5 9.11 1,161 5.0 0.314 26.24 l'
LZ 220 X75 X25 X 6.
X5.5
17.44
16.16
2,221
2,059
12.0
11.0
0.292
0.294
l'
, i~
X 5.0 14.86 1,993 10.0 0.297 1~
X4.5 13.52 1,722 9.0 0.300 11
X 4.0 12.15 1,547 9.0 0.302 10
X3.5 10.74 1,:369 7.0 0.305 9
X3.0 9.30 1,195 6.0 0.307 9
X2.5 7.93 999 5.0 0.310 7
X2.0 6.33 807 1 4.0 M13 5,
LZ 200 X 75 X 25 X 3.5 10.19 1,298 7.0 0.347 7,
x3.0 9.93 1,125 6.0 ').349 6,
X2.5 7.44 948 5.0 0.352 ! ' 5,
X2.0 6.02 767 4.0 0.355 4,
r)f LZ 200 X 75 X 20 X 2.5 7.25 923 5.0 0.335 5,
X 2.0 5.96 747 4.0 0.339 4,
ASEP Steel Handbook

-104-
y
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I~ ,-
Propertin ~ '1
L~J
Axis X-X Axie Y-Y
r I S I S Designation
mm xi OS xi OS r xi OS xi OS r HxBxCxt
. mm 4 mm 3
mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
24.09
24.41
24,255
22,653
190.2
177.7
96.4
96,8
3,646
3,464
41 9
39.7
37,4
37,9
LZ 255 x 90 x 25 x 6,
x 5.5
24.74 20,976 164.5 97.3 3,261 37.3 38.3 x 5.0
25.08 19,223 150.8 97,7 8,037 84.6 38.8 x 4.5
25.37 17,395 136.4 98,1 2, 791 31.7 39.3 x4.0
25,67 15,490 121.5 98,5 2,523 28.6 39,8 x 3,5
25,96 13,509 106.0 98.9 2,233 25.2 40.2 x 3,0
26,24 11, ~51 89.8 99,3 1,920 21,6 40,7 x 2,5
20,12 14,963 136,0 82,1 2,167 30,1 31,2 LZ 220 x75x 25x 6,0
20,46 i 4,025 127,5 92,5 2,072 29,7 31,7 x 5,5
20,79 13,032 118,5 93,0 1,963 27,1 (32,2 x 5,0
21,11 11,983 108.9 93,4 1,838 25.3 32.7 x4,5
21,42 10,878 98,9 8:3,8 1,699 23,3 33,1 x 4,0
21,72 9,718 98,3 84,3 1,544 21.1 33,6 x 3,5
22,01 8,501 77.3 84,7 1,373 18,7 34,0 x 3,0
22,29 7,227 65,7 95,1 1,186 16,1 84,5 x2,5
22,~ 5,897 53,6 8M 983 13.3 34,9 x 2.0
21,71 7,749 77.5 77.3 1,544 21.1 34.5 LZ 200 x 75 x 25 x 3,5

22,00
22,29
6,795
5,774
67,9
57,7
77.7
78,0
1,373
1,1 ee
18.7
16.1
34,9
35.4
x 3,
x 2,5

22,55 4,716 47.2 78.4 983 13.3 35.8 x 2.0
21.49 5,624 56.2 78,1 1,055 14.3 33,8 LZ 200 x 75 x 20 x 2,5

21.n 4,595 46.0 78.4 877 11.8 34.3 x 2,0
ASEP Steel Handbook

-105-
.,
I
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'" _. Properties
1_B.1 'z
j j
Designation W A R
HxBxCxt kg/m mtn 2 mm a mm
X
m
LZ 150 x 65 x 20 x 5.5 11.85 1,509 11.0 0.394
x 5.0 10.93 1,393 10.0 0.398
x 4.5 9.98 1,272 9.0 0.401
x 4.0 9.01 1,147 8.0 0.405
x 3.5 7.99 1,018 7.0 0.409
x 3.0 6.95 885 6.0 0.412
x 2.5 5.87 748 5.0 0.415
." x2.0 4.76 607 4.0 0.419
LZ 150 x 50 X 20 X 6.0 11. 31 1,441 12.0 0.283

xM 10.55 1,344 11.0 0.297
L.Z 150 X 50 X 19 X 5.5 10.39 1,322 11.0 0.277 ,

~
X 3.0 6.15 793 6.0 0.297 ,-
L.Z 125 x50x20x 5.5 9.47 1,207 11.0 0.371
2
X 15.0 9.77 1,119 10.0 0.375 2,
X4.5 9.04 1,025 9.0 0.379 2,
x 4.0 7.28 927 8.0 0.383 2,
x 3.5 6.48 826 7.0 0.387 1,
x 3.0 5.65 720 6.0 0.391 1,
x 2.5 4.79 611 5.0 0.394
1, '
L.Z 125 x 50 x 15 x 4.5 2,'
x 4.0
x 3.5
x3.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-106-
8 y
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Full Seotion
Properties
W'"
Axis X-X Axis y-y
I S I S Designation
mm x1dl xi dl r xi dl xi dl r HxBxCxt
mm4 mm 3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
16.79 4,945 64.6 56.7 1,190 19.1 28.1 LZ 150 x 65 x 20 x 5.5

17.16 4,539 60.5 57.1 1,139 18.2 28.6 x 5.0
17.50 4,206 56.1 57.5 1,077 17.2 29.1 x 4.5
17.93 3,947 51.8 57.9 1,004 158 29.6 x 4.0
19.15 8,461 46.2 59.3 ~21 14.6 30.1 x3.5
19.44 3,049 40.7 58.7 825 13.0 30.5 x 3.0
19.73 2,609 34.9 59.1 719 11.3 31.0 x2.5
19.00 2,142 29.6 59.4 600 9.4 31.4 x 2.0
12.46 4,191 55.9 53.9 559 11.9 19.7 LZ 150 x 50 x 20 x 6.0

12.99 3,993 53.1 54.4 550 11.6 20.2 x 5.5
12.51 3,914 52.2 54.4 506 10.7 19.6 LZ150x50x18x5.5

14.29 2,525 33.7 56.8 381 7.9 22.0 x 3.0
12.95 2,524 40.4 45.7 550 11.6 21.3 LZ 125 x 50 x 20 x 5.5

13.24 2,386 38.2 46.2 535 11.3 21.9 x 5.0
13.61 2,230 35.7 46.7 513 10.7 22.4 x 4.5
13.95 2,056 32.9 47.1 484 10.1 22.9 x 4.0
14.27 1,864 29.8 47.5 449 9.3 23.3 x 3.5
14.57 1,654 26.5 47.9 407 6.4 23.6 x3.0
14.96 1,425 22.6 48.3 a56 7.3 24.2 x 2.5
12.70 2, 139 34.2 46.7 420 9.8 20.7 LZ 125 x 50 x 15 x 4.5

13.09 1,975 31.6 47.2 400 6.3 212 x40
13.44 1,793 29.7 47.6 374 7.7 21.7 x 3.5
13.77 1,593 25.5 48.0 341 7.0 22.2 x 8.0
ASEP Steel Handbook

-107-
3-30 Cold-For:med Light Gage Shapes
LZ SHAPES
FuliSeoticn
Propertle.
i
Designation W
HxBxCxt kgjm mm a
LZ 120 x60 x 20 x 6.0 10.84 1,381 12.0 0.479

x 5.5 10.12 1,289 11.0 0.400
X 5.0 9.36 1,193 10.0 0.487
x 4.5 8.57 1,092 9.0 0.491
x 3.0 6.01 765 6.0 0.502 i
LZ 120 x40 x 20 x 6.0 8.96 1,141 12.0 0.296 1

x 5.5 9.39 1,069 11.0 Q.3oo 1
x 5.0 7.79 993 10.0 0.304 1
x 4.5 7.1 e 912 9.0 Moe 1
x 4.0 6.49 627 8.0 0.313 1
x (j.5 5.80 739 7.0 0.317 1
x 3.0 5.07 645 6.0 0.321 1
x 2.5 4.30 549 5.0 0.325 1,
x 2.0 a51 447 4.0 0.329
LZ 100 >t 50 x 15 x 4.5 6.81 967 9.0 0.470 1,

x4.0 6,19 787 8.0 0.475 1,
)( S,5 5.52 703 7.0 0.480 1,
xs,o 4.83 615 6.0 0.485
x 2.5 4.11 523 E.O 0.490
x 2.0 3.35 42.7 4.0 0.494
ASEP Steel Handbook

108-
l.Z SHAPES
Full Section
Properties
Axie x-x Axie y-.y

r I S . D0si 9nation
mm r x1 cfl x1 cfl r HxSxCxl
mm mm 4 mm 3 I1'1m
14.00 2,775 46.3 44.8 969 17.0 26.5 LZ 120 x 60 x 20 x 6.0

15.20 2,640 44.0 45.3 941 16.4 27.0 x 5.5
15.57 2,<,87 41.5 45.7 905 15.7 27.5 x 5,0
15.92 2,318 38.S 46.1 859 14.9 28.0 x 4.5
16.85 1,705 28.4 47.2 665 11.4 29.5 x 3.0
9.60 1,995 33.3 41.8 281 7.6 15.7 LZ 120 x40x 20x 6.0
10.09 1,919 32.0 42.4 282 7.6 16,2 x 5.5
1M1 1,826 30.4 42.9 279 7.4 16.8 x 5.0
10.90 1,717 28,6 43.4 272 7.2 17.3 x 4.5
11.26 1,593 26.5 43.9 280 6.9 17.7 x 4.0
11.60 1,452 24.2 44.3 245 6.~ 19.2 x 3.5
11.91 1,294 21.6 44.8 224 5.8 18.6 x 3.0
12,20 1,120 19.7 45.2 200 5.1 19.1 x 2.5
12,47 930 15.(5 45.6 170 4.4 19.5 x2,0
12,42 1,241 24.8 37.9 420 8.8 22.0 LZ 100 x50x 15x 4.(5
12,00 1,152 23.0 39.3 400 9.3' 22.(5 x 4,0
13.15 1,051 21.0 38.7 374 7.7 23.0 x 3.5
13.49 938 18.0 39.0 341 7.0 23.5 x 3.0
13.79 812 16.2 39.4 302 6.2 24.0 x 2.5
14.07 675 13.5 39.8 256 5-2 24.5 x 2.0
ASEP Steel Handbook

109-
''
". --I
"
""
1- I
')
, 0
x-----" 1 ._- -- -- x
":,~"~'
~2ZZJt.
-
" _
~
H
LZ SHAPES
Full Section
Properties
L_G j'z
Weight Area Radius AxisZ-Z
Designation W A R tan r
Hx8xCxt kgfm mm 2 mm a mm
LZ90x45x15x4,5 6,10 m 9,0 0.409 11,10

x4,0 5,55 707 8,0 0.484 11.49
x3,5 4,97 633 7,0 0.489 11,45
x3,0 4,36 555 6,0 0,484 12,19
x2,5 4,71 473 5,0 0,499 12.'19
x2,0 3.04 007 4,0 0,504 12,79
LZ75x38x15x4,5 5,09 647 9,0 0,504 9,19

x4,0 4,64 591 9,0 MOO 9,62
xM 4,19 532 7,0 0,515 10,00
x3,0 3,69 469 6,0 0,520 10,3t5
x2,5 3,14 401 5,0 0,526 10,00
x2,0 2.59 329 <1,0 0,531 10,94
LZ 65 X 30 X 15 X 4,5 4,16 ~O 9,0 0.471 7,04

x4,0 3,93 497 9,0 0.476 7,55
X 3,5 3.45 441 7,0 0,492 7,98
. )( 3,0 3,06 390 5,0 0.49S 9,35
. x2,5 2.63 336 5,0 0,493 aS8
x2,0 2.17 277 4,0 0,499 9,99
ASEP Steel Handbook

-110-
_I 8
z,' ~zz@
t:,'""-:~
y
I
1
,
LZ SHAPES
Full Seo!lon
Properties
x---~
"I:o"(~ 11
1-)':'
----x
I<~ "'-
H
LLl 'z
Axis X-X Axis Y-Y

r I S I S Designation
mm x1(f x1(f r x1 (f xi (f r HxBxCxt
11.10 878 19.5 33,6 306 7,2 19,9 LZ 90x 45 x 15 x4.5

11,49 820 192 34,0 294 6,8 20,4 x4,Q
11.45 752 16,7 34.5 277 S.4 20,9 x3,5
12,18 674 15,0 34,8 254 5,8 21.4 x3,0
12.49 587 1M 35,2 226 5.2 21,9 x2,5
12,78 490 10,9 35,6 193 4.4 22.3 x2,0
9,19 481 12,8 27,3 164 5,2 16,9 LZ75x38x15x4,5

9,62 454 12.1 27,7 179 5,0 17.4 x4,0
10,00 421 11.2 28,1 171 4,7 17,9 x3,5
10,35 382 ;0,2 29,6 159 4,4 18,4 x3,0
10,00 335 8,9 28,9 143 3,9 18,9 x2,5
10,94 282 7,5 29,3 123 3,3 19,3 x2,0
7,04 267 8,2 22,5 89 3,2 ;2,9 LZ 65 x 30 x 15 x 4,5

7,55 258 7,9 2(:l,0 89 3,2 13,2 x 4,0
7,98 243 Hi 23,5 67 3,1 14.0 x 3.5
223 6.9 23.9 92 2,9 14,5 x3,Q
8,35
aS8 199 6,1 24,3 75 2.6 15.0 x2,5
8,98 169 5,2 24,7 00 2.3 15.4 x2,0
-
ASEP Steel Handbook
-111-
T

>-
t-
x-
-
I
I
I
--1-- -x
--r H
I LR SHAPES
R::2!(moxt.
'Z%
I
---I-
Full Seotlon
y
Properties
1 B J
Weight Area Radius Moment of Inertia
Designation W A R Ix Iv
Hx8xt kg/m mm 2 mm x10S x10S x'
mm 4 mm 4 m
LR 175x50x4,0 13,09 1,667 8,0 5,500
x 3.5 11,56 1,473 7,0 4,935
x3,0 10,01 1,275 6,0 4,335
x2.5 8,42 1,073 5,0 3,701
x 2,0 6,80 867 4,0 3,0:31
LA 100 x 50 x 3.0 6.48 825 6,0 1,024

x 2.!5 5.48 698 M 994
x 2.0 4.45 567 4.0 7:32
LA 50 x 40 x 4.0 4.61 597 9.0 174

x'M 4.15 529 7.0 164
x :3.0 3.65 4b!5 6.0 150
x2,5 3.13 3.99 5.0 134
x 2.0 2.57 327 4.0 114
LA 50 x 20 x 2.5 ~,34 299 M 77

x 2.0 1.94 247 4.0 69
LA 40 x 25 x3.5 2,77 353 7,0 57 2S

x 3.0 2.48 315 6.0 55 2S
x 2,5 2,14 273 5.0 51 24
x 2.0 1.78 '227 4.0 45 21
LA 4Ox20x2.5 1,95 249 5.0 42 14

x 2,0 1.62 207 4.0 37 12
ASEP Steel Ha,dbook

-112-
J
.
~~
tc
x-
1
- 1 1
--1-- -x
1H
LA SHAPES
J
1
.
, R::2\(mox(
Full Section
Properties 1
y
,I B
I
Section Modulus Radius of Gyration
Sx Sv Dttignation
x10' x1 as rx rv HxBxt
mm 3 mm 3 mm mm
745 62,as 29,80 57,4 21.1 LA 175 x 50 x 4,0

S74 56,40 26.98 57,9 21.4 x 3,5
599 49,55 23,90 58,3 21,6 x 3,0
514 42,30 20,58 58,7 21.9 x 2,5
425 34,65 16,99 59,1 22,1 x 2,0
349 20.47 13,96 35,2 20,6 LR1 00 x 50 x 3,0

303 17,68 12,12 35.6 20,8 x2,5
252 14,64 10,09 35,9 21.1 x2,0
122 6,95 6,10 17,2 14,4 LR 50 x 40 x 4,0

m 6,55 5,77 17,6 14,8 x3,5
106 6,01 5,31 16,0 15,1 x3,0
95 5,35 4,73 19,3 15,4 x2,5
91 4.55 4,04 18,7 15.7 x2,0
19 309 1.76 16,1 7,7 LR 5Ox20 x2,5

16 2,71 1,57 16,6 8,0 x 2,0
26 2,85 2,11 12,7 8,6 LR 40x25 x3,5

26 2,74 2,07 13,2 g,O x 3,0
24 2,54 1,93 13,6 9.4 x 2,5
21 2,23 1,71 14,0 9,7 x 2,0
14 2,10 1.37 13,0 7.4 LR 4Ox20 x2,5

12 1,87 1,25 13,5 7,8 x 2.0
ASEP Steel Handbook

113-
T
#'~!::Z'1~ ---r
t- ''- ~ I
I , I
x-,--:--,-x r I '
LA SHAPES
R"21(mo<21~
';:Jy
,,;' dodf3?@?' ...- --_. t
Full Section
Properties
L'Jl._-J,
Weight Area Radius
Designation W A R
HxBxt kg/m mm 2 mm
mrr
LR 40 x 18 x 2.5 1.87 238.2 5.0 38.4
x 2.0 1. 56 198.8 4.0 :.l4.5
LR 40 x 16 x 2.0 1.50 190.8 4.0 31.S
LA 38 x 18 x 2.5 1. 79 228.2 5.0 33.3

x 2.0 1.50 190.8 4.0 30.1
LR 32x25x3.5 2.33 297.4 7,0 30,0

x 3,0 2.10 267,4 S.O 2S,8
x 2,5 1,83 233,2 5,0 28,2
x 2,0 1.53 194.8 4,Q 25,3
LR 32 x 16 x 2, 0 1.25 158.8 4,0 172
LR 28 x 18 x 2,5 1,40 178.2 5.0 14,;

x 2,0 1.18 150,9 4.0 13,3
LA 25 x 16 x 2. 0 1. 03 130.8 4.0 8.7
ASEP Steel Handbook

-114-
r YZk -Iy
LR SHAPES
Full Seotion
t: '-1
.

I
x- >--1-- ",-x
I
..J-;;;7 "
R= 2\(mox~;;
"%?}zz:..W&u>-,
I
H
Froperties
L---.~-l
Inertia Section Modulus Radi us of G ra ti on
Iv Sx Sy Designation
x103
mm 4 x103 x103 rx ry HxBxt
mm 3 mm 3 mm mm
10,5
9,6 1,92 116 12,7 6,6 LR 40x18 x2,5
1,73 1,07 132 7,0 x 2,0
7,2
1.58 0,90 12,9 6,1 LR 40x 16 x2,0
9,9
9,1 1,75 1,10 12,1 6,6 LR 38 x 18 x2,5
1.58 1. 01 12.6 6,9 x 2.0
1.88 1.60 10,1 8,2 LR 32x25 x3.5

1.86 1.60 10,6 8,7 x 3,0
1.76 1,53 11.0 9,0 x 2,5
1,58 1,38 11.4 9,4 x 2.0
1.07 0,70 1C,4 6.0 LR 32x16 x2.0
1.01 0,76 8,9 6,2 LR 28 x 18 x2,5

0,95 0,73 9,4 6,6 x 2,0
0,70 0,53 8,2 5,7 LR 25x16 x2,0
ASEI' Steel Handbook

115
I
y
I
I
r!f&>ZH.fZXZ$:; - ,.. ~ r
t_~IJ I
~"-2~f:o~ ; -
x - .'
,
x III
t-i
x-
LS SHAPES
$".tK:z'it<
I -----r Full Seotlon
I Properties
y
1 8
1 J
Weight Area r
Designation W A R Ix=~ Sx=Sy rx=ry
HxBxt kgJm mm 2 mm x1 x10' mm
mm 4 mm 3
LS 100 x 100 x 4,0 11.52 1,467 9,0 2,166 43,76 L.!

x :3,5 10,19 1,299 7,0 1,966 39,32
x 3,0 9,93 1,125 6,0 1,729 34,59
x 2,5 7.44 948 5,0 1,478 29,56
x 2,0 6.02 767 4,0 1,212 24,24
LS 75 x 75 x 4,0 9,38 1,067 9,0 859 22,99 L.S

x3,5 7,44 949 7,0 779 20,79
x 3,0 6.49 925 6,0 692 19,46
x 2,5 5,49 698 5,0 599 15,94
x 2,0 4,45 567 4,0 495 13,19
LS
LS 50 x 50 x 4,0 5,24 667 8.0 216 8,64 19,
x 3.5 4,70 598 7,0 201 9,06 18,
x3.0 4.12 525 6.0 183 7.34 19,
x 2.5 3.52 448 5,0 162 6,47 19,
x 2,0 2.98 367 4.0 137 5.47 19,
LS32x32 x 4.0 2,98 379 8.0 40 2,49

x 3.5 2.72 346 7,0 40 2,50
x30 2.43 309 6.0 39 2.41
x 2.5 2.10 268 5.0 36 2.24
x 2.0 1.75 223 4,0 32 1.97
ASEP Steel Handbook

-116-
'. y
ITII
I
I - I
,
x- ~"~;i:o~: -x LS SHAPES
"'~
I
- Full Seotion
I Properties
y
I 8
I
Weight Area Radius I S r
Designation W A R IX=J Sx=Sy rx=ry
HxBxt kg/m mm 2 mm Xl x1 (iI mm
mm 4 mm 3
39,6 LS29x28 x 4,0 2,49 315 8,0 222 1,59 9,4

39,9 x 3,5 2,29 290 7,0 23,4 1.67 9,0
39,2 x 3,0 2,05 261 6,0 23,4 1. 67 9,5
39,5 x 2,5 1.79 229 5,0 22,3 1.59 9,9
39,9 x 2,0 1,50 191 4,0 20,0 1. 43 10,2
29,3 LS25x25 x3,5 1. 95 248 7,0 14,3 1.14 7,6

29,7 x 3,0 1.77 225 6,0 14,9 1.19 9,1
29,0 x 2,5 1. 56 199 5,0 14,7 1.17 9,6
29,3 x 2,0 1. 31 167 4,0 13,5 1. 09 9,0
29,5
LS 24 X24 x 3,5 1.94 234 7,0 11,9 0,99 7,1
190 x 3.0 1.67 213 6,0 12,6 1.05 7,7
13.3 x 2,5 1. 48 189 5,0 12,6 1.05 8,2
18,7 x 2,0 1.25 159 4,0 11.7 0,97 9,6
19,0
19,3
103
10,7
11.2
11.6
11.9 .
ASEP Steel Handbook

-117-
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-118-
Rolled Shapes 4-IA
PART 4
ROLLED SHAPES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-119-
4-1B Rolled Shapes
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-120-
CONTENTS
Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
General ........ " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Scope and Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Sectional Dimensions and Properties .. '" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Dimensional Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
W-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '" ... 4-12
S-Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-38
Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " ... 4-42
Structural Tees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-46
Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " '" " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-66
Pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-76
ASEP Steel Handbook

-121-
4-2 Rolled Shapes
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition
B Width of the flange section or the
length of shorter leg of the angle mm
bf Flange width of the rolled section
d Nominal diameter of the rolled section
H Nominal depth of section; or length
longer leg of angle
I Moment of inertia
PS Designation for standard Vleight pipe
PD Designation for double-extra strong pipe
PE Designation for extra strong pipe
r Radius of gyration mm
r t
Radius of gyration of a section comprising
the compression flange plus 1/3 of the
compression web area, taken about an axis
in the plane of the web mm
S Elastic section modulus mm 3
Base metal thickness of the rolled sect .on iuc:u.,~
Base metal thickness of the section mm

Flange thickness mm
Web thickness mm
Nominal weight of the section per unit length kg/m
w Nominal weight of the rolled section per
unit length
x Distance from the outer face of channel web
or angle leg to the centroid along the
X-X axis mm
y Distance from the outer face of channel
'I
flanges Or angle leg to the centroid along
gi
the Y-Y axis mm
u Angle of Z-Z axis with respect to Y-Y axis rad
ASEP Steel Handb00k

-122-
.... -
Rolled Shapes 4-3
ROLLED SHAPES
Units General
Rolled steel shapes are herein defined to include structural

steel sections produced by passing red-hot blooms (for larger
rum sections) or billets (for smaller sections) through rolls until
inches the desired shape is attained.
inches
The available shapes and sizes of locally produced rolled
rum shapes are limited. These include channel sections up to a depth
rum!'
of 150 rum, flat bars up to a maximum size of 100 mm, angle sec-
tions up to a maximum of 100 rum, square bars up to a maximum of
25 rum. As a result, the number of sections presented in the 1st
Edition was limited as they were based on locally produced sec-
rum tiom.
To increase the usefulness of the handbook, Part 4 has been

considerably expanded to include the angles (which can be pro-
rum duced locally up to 100 rum) and the AISC Standard W shapes, WT
rum 3 shapes, S shapes, and pipes. All designations are identical to
inches the AISC Manual of Steel Construction, 9th Edition but the dimen-
rum Sions/elastic properties and weight are converted to S.l. units
rum
rum
kg/m Scope and Classification
Ibs/ft The following stiuctural steel rolled shapes normally

produced abroad and imported in the country are: wide flange, WT,
S, channel, angle nnd pipe sections.
rum
The classification and designations relating to these shapes
are given below.
rum
rad
ASEP S1:ee1 Handbook

-123-
I
4-4 Rolled Shapes
I
I Class Shape Designation
I
I
I Rolled Wide Flange W dxw
I S Shapes S dxw
I Channels C dxw
[ Structural Tees WT dxw
I Angles L HxBxt
I Pipes-standard strength PS d
I Pipes-extra strength PE d
I Pipes-double extra strength PD d
A total of 674 steel sections are presented in this

Handbook. Of these, 291 are W shapes, 31 are S shapes, 29
channels, 206 are WT shapes, 80 are angles and 37 are pipes.
shapes have depths ranging from 105.7 ffiffi to 1,016.0 ffiffi. S
have depths ranging from 76.2 ffiffi to 622.3 ffiffi. Channels 11
depths ranging from 76.2 ffiffi to 381.0 ffiffi. WT shapes have
ranging from 52.8 ffiffi to 475.0 mm. Angles have depths ranging
20.0 mm to 200.0 ffiffi. Pipe sections have depths ranging from
mm to 304.8 mm.
Materials
The minimum quality requirement for rolled shapes is

tural steel conforming to the billet specifications for PNS
Grade 230 (structural Grade, formerly PTS 230). Locally
rolled shapes are available only for structural steel
minimum specified yield stress, Fy ' is 230 11Pa.
Sectional Dimensions and Properties
Except for the angles which can be locally produced up to

maximum depth of 100 mm, the shapes, dimenSions, and propert
of steel sections presented in this Part 4 of the Steel
are based on the data compiled from AISC, Manual of Steel
struction, 9th Edition but converted to S.l. units.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-124-
Rolled Shapes 4-5
For the locally produced angles, the adopted sections have

dimensions which are in increments of 25 mm. The increment of
angles' thicknesses were made to be similar to that of the
plate thicknesses of thebuil t-up shapes to facilitate easy
I recall in detailing and design.
I
I
I Dimensional Tolerances
I
I The tabulated dimensions and properties are theoretical
I and the finished product will normally have some slight
I variations. To guide the designer and fabricator, a summary of
I the dimensional tolerances as given by the ASTM Specifications A6
is also given below. Such close tolerances are adopted to avoid
Steel overlaps in angle legs and thickness dimensions in keeping with
~9 are internationally accepted standards as can be found say in ASTM.
les. W a detailed discussion on these tolerances as well as other
shapes fabrication requirements reference to the ASTM A6 specifications
:; have and AISC Manual of Steel Construction, 9th Edition is hereby
depths suggested.
ng from
m 12.7
struc-
,PNS 49
;lroduced'
whose
;up to a
operties
:Handbook
'e1 Con-
ASEP Steel Handbook

-125-
4-6 ROlled Shapes
DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES
Rolled Shapes
ROLLING TOLERANCES
I i
Nom
I 1 I Permissible Variations a F + F'I E, Web I G,max I Variations from Specified Web
IShapelNominal Size, 1_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IOut-of-1 off IDepth over IThickness, Over and Under, mm
I I mm I ",mm I B,mm 18QUarebi center I Specified, 1_________________ 1
i I lOver Under lOver Under[max, mwl max,mm I mm I 5 and lOver 5
I I I I I I I I under I to 10
f-f-----f-----f----f---f I f---I--- 61
IW IUp to 310 i4 3 I 6 5 I 6 I I I I
IS 175-1BO,incl i 2 I 3 J 1 O.OJ 1 I I
I lover IBO-360 i J i 4 il 0.03 I I I
Ie Ito and under I 1 I I I 0.03 I I 0.2 0.4
I lover 40-75, i 2 I 2 I 0.03 I I 0.4 0.5 0.5
I I excl I I I I I 7
I [75-180, incl i 3 I 3 I 0.03 I I
I lover 180-360 i 3 I J 4 I 0.03 I I
IL c 125 and under I 0.8 0.8 I 0.8 O.B I 0.0261 I 0.2 0.2
I lover 25-50, I 1.2 1.2 I 1.2 1.2 I 0.0261 I 0,2 0.2 0.3 a
I I incl I I I I I
I lover 50-75, i 1.6 1.6 I 1.2 1.2 I 0.0261 I 0.3 0.4 0,4 b
I I ml i I I I I 9, (
I lover 75-100, 1 3. 2 2.4 3.2 2.4 I 0.0261 I . fOl
I I inc! I I I I
I lover 100-150,1 3.2 J.2 3.2 3.2 I 0.5901 I ': c
I I incl I I I I ; var
I lover 150 1 4. 8 J.2 4.B 3.2 0.5901 I 1,5
ASEP Steel Handbook

-126-
Holled Shapes 4-7
a H is measured at center line of web for Wand S shapes; at the back of

web for C and L shapes. Measurement is overall for C shapes under 75
mm. B is. measured paralle" to flange. G is measured parallel to web.
b F + F' applies when channel flanges are toed in or out. For channels
16 mm and under ir depth, the permissible out-of-square is 0.047 mm/mm
I
of depth. Tolerance is given per mm of flange width for Sand C shapes.
I
I
c For unequal angles, tre longer leg determines the nominal size classi-
I
fication. Out-of-square tolerance is per mm of leg length.
I
I
I
CUTTING TOLERANCES
I
I
I I I ,
I IShapelNominal Sizeal Variation from Specified Given Length, mm
mm ,
[ied Web I I I I I
der, mm I I I 11,500 to 3,000 13,000 to 6,000. 6,000 to 9,000, 9,000 to iI,OOO 112,000 to 15,000
I i I exel incl incl incl
--I Over Under Over Under Under Over Under
Over 10 I I I Over Under Ove r
I f-I
, Ib
--1 Ii I 610 and 10 10 10 10 10 10 I. 10 ( Ib 10
I I I under
I All columns 13 13 13 13 13 13 ( Ie 13 (ic 13
I I
I I I
I IS,C, LI Under 75 16 0 25 0 38 0 51 0 64 0
0.5 I I I
I 75 and 13 13 6 13 6 19 2\ 6
I I
over
I
I
I
0.3 I a Nominal size pertains to greatest sectional dimension.
I b W shapes with a nominal size of 610 mm and under with lengths over
0.4 I
9,000 mm, permissible variation over specified length. 10 mm plus 2 mm
I for each additional 1,500 mm or fraction ttlereof.
I
I c W shapes used dS columns with lengths over 9,000 mm permissible
I variation over specified length. 13 mm plus 2 mm for each additional
I 1,500 mm or fraction thereof.
I
ASEP Steel Handbook

-127-
4-8 Rolled Shapes
END OUT-OF-SQUARE TOLERANCES
r---.----------.------------------- I
I Shapes Permissihle Variation for Ends Out-of-Square I
I mm/mm of Depth I
Ir-----~------------------------------------------~I
a
I W 0.016 I
I S O . 17 I
I C 0.017 I I
b
I
~
0.026
_ _ _ _ _L -___________________________________________
I
~
I
I
I
I
a for W shapes, permissible vari?tion is mm/mm of depth or flange I
whichever is greater. I
I I
b for angles, permissible variation is mm/mm of the longer leg 1 I Shape I
I I
I ~
IW I
I I
-I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
S,C, L IC
I
I
I
I SI
I
I
I
I
ASEP Steel Handbook

-128-
Rolled Shapes 4-9
STRAIGHTNESS TOLERANCES
~---------
r- "
"""
f-,,- ,,-"
""
-s."p
I ""
"
H L
H ,.)
NOt flN,q
I (S) S>W1: (C) (lwmn (l) NlC(I
1-1 -~I------r'-----""------------------,----' ------ .. ---..--- -------1

',g length. I Shape I Variable Slc'ion or Permissible Vlriations I
I I Nominal Size , a mm
1-: -----fl---------r--------------
Ii I Camber and Sections with flange .idth , I
I Sweep less than 150 II r: mm x (total length In m.1 I
I I
I Sections with a flange width I
I appro!. equal to depth dnd I
I specified on order as columns; i I
I Length of 13,710 I. and nuder ,;1 ". x (total leng~ll in . ), but over 10 mm I
I I
I , I
I I Length over 13,720 II 11C II I (1 mm I (total length in I - 13,72 m,)) I
I I I I
IS, C, L I Cambe r Unde:' 75 mm 16 II in any 1,500 mm, or 4 II x (tot,length in m.)1
I I I
I I 75 aiJd over 12 mm x (total length in m.l
I
I i i I
I I Sweep Ali ,Due to the extreme variations in flexibility I
I I iof thrse shapes, tolerances for sweep are I
I I [,ubject to negotiatIons between manufacturer I
I jand purchaser for th;: individual sections I
L __....l_________....!.___.. ____________ ......J____ .... ____.....____..... _____..______________
a For L shapes, nominal size pertains to longer leg.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-129-
4-10 Rolled Shapes
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-130-
Rolled Shapes 4-11
TABLES
OF
ASEP Steel Handbook

-131-
4-12 Rolled Shapes
,
'f ".: -r
k1
r~r""
~..::~
i
i
I
x . _...
dl x IT W SHAPES
, Dimensions
I ~. :'w ---.-- -l k
... __ .__.. _, .. _ c=: __ ~~-==:J Properties
l__~f -- -I
~
Web Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thlokness Width Thlokness
dxw W A H tw bf ~ rt
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm mm x1
ml
,
W 40 x 828 489,2 62,198 1,016,0 28,1 454,9 43,9 120,1 1,11
x298 444,5 56,516 1,008,1 21,1 4~2,9 40,0 119, 10,Oi
x 268 399,9 50,839 1,000,0 19,1 450,9 85,9 118, 8,~
x 244 868,8 46,258 992,1 18,0 449,8 82,0 117, '7,99
x 221 :328,8 41,806 982,2 18,0 449,8 27,1 11 ~, '6,90
x 192 286,7 :36,452 970,3 18,0 449,8 21.1 112,52 . ~,61
W 40x 655 974,:3 128,971 1,107,9 50,0 429,5 99,9 23,51

x~9:3 983.0 112,258 1,091,9 4M 423,9 92,0 20,971
x 531 791,6 100,645 1,075,4 40,9 419.4 78.9 18,431
x 480 710,4 90,322 1,062,0 37,1 415,5 67,1 1~441
x 436 649,5 92,590 1,050,0 34,0 412,5 61.0 1,1,73'
x 397 588,6 74,889 1,040,1 81.0 409,4 55,9 3,815
x 362 587,9 68,397 1,000,0 28,4 406,9 51,1 2,026
x:324 488,6 61,484 1,020,1 25,4 404,0 46,0 10,655
x 297 443,5 56,387 1,011.9 28,6 402,0 41.9 9,656
x 277 412,6 52,452 1,009,1 21.1 402,1 40,0 9,115
x249 872,0 47,290 1,000,3 19,1 400,1 :36,1 9,116,
x 215 321.2 40,839 990,1 16,5 400,1 81.0 8,951,
x 199 296.3 37,677 982,2 165 400,1 27,1 ,6,201,
W 40 x 193 272,5 34,645 990,1 16.5 300.0 31.0 ~,535,

x 167 249,2 31,677 980,2 16,5 3(10,0 26,0 4,828,:
x 149 222,3 28,258 970,3 16.0 300,0 21.1 4,070,'
ASEP Steel Handbook

-132-
,
Rolled Shapes 4-13
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Designation
S i S dxw
xi 03 xi 0 3
xi 03
mm 3 mm mm' mm3 mm
120,14 11,155,002 21,958,7 423,51 690,944 3,037,8 105.40 W 40 X 328

119,39 10,072,800 19,983,7 422,17 620,185 2,738,7 104,76 x 298
118,62 8,948,976 17,898,0 419,~5 549,425 2,437,0 103,96 x 268
117,60 7,991,643 16,110,6 415,65 486,991 2,165.4 102,60 X 244
115,82 6,909,442 14,069,3 406,54 411,237 1,828,5 99,18 x 221
112,52 5,619,124 11,582,2 392,62 320,498 1,425,1 93,77 X 192
112,52 23,517,076 42,453.4 435,72 1,190,422 5,556,2 98.03 W 40 x 655

111.2~ 20,97e,064 38,424,9 432,29 1,040,903 4,946,6 96,66 X 593
109,98 19,439,052 3',292,5 428,03 915,709 4,866,8 95,39 X 531
108,71 1M41,141 :)0,962,6 426,65 807,489 3,886,8 94,55 X 480
107,70 14,734,592 28,065,9 422.41 715,918 3,471,1 93,11 x436
105,93 13,319,406 25,611.8 421,87 640,996 3,131.4 92,55 X 397
105,92 1~029,088 23,357,5 419,4,) 574,399 2,823,3 91.65 X 362
105,16 10,655,524 20,891,1 416,30 507,802 2,513,9 90,88 x324
104,39 9,656,569 19,086,0 413,83 453,692 2,257,2 89,70 X 297
104,90 9,115,468 18,084,5 416,88 432,881 2,153,1 90,85 X 277
104,14 8,116,513 16,228,2 41 4,29 385,430 1,926,7 90,28 x249
103,99 6,951,065 14,041,1 412,56 331,320 1,656,2 90,07 X 215
102,62 6,201,848 12,628,5 405,72 289,281 1,446,0 87,62 X 199
M3t5,878 11,182,5 399,74 139,854 932,4 63,54 W 40 X 183

4,828,285 9,851,6 390,41 117,793 785,3 60,98 x 167
4,070,743 8,390,7 379,55 95,317 635,4 58,08 X 149
ASEP Steel Handbook

-133-
-
1
4-14 Rolled Shapes
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Web Flan!;ll Flange

Designation Weight Area Depth Thickness Width Thickness
d~ W A H tw bf ~
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm
W 36x B48 1,263.6 160,645 1,078.2 64.0 460.5 115.1

X 798 1,187.4 150,967 1,066.0 60.5 456.9 109.0
x720 1,070.7 136,129 1,046.2 55.0 451.5 99.1 7,5
x650 964.2 122,580 1,027.9 50.0 446.4 899 353,7
X 588 872.8 110,968 1,011.9 45.5 442.0 820 "', 8, i 06,0 1
X 527 781.5 99,355 995.9 40.9 437.4 73.9 " M41,61
x 485 720.6 91,613 984.0 38.1 434.5 68.1
X 439 649.5 82,580 971.9 34.5 430.9 62.0
X 393 593.6 74,193 960.1 31.0 427.5 5M
x 359 532.8 67,742 950.0 28.4 424.9 51.1
X 328 499.2 62,193 942.1 25.9 422.4 47.0
X 300 449.1 56,969 933.2 24.0 42:3.0 42.7
x 280 418.1 53,161 927.6 225 421.5 39.9
x 260 389.2 49,355 921.0 21.3 420.4 36.6
X 245 365.9 46,516 916.4 20.3 419.4 34.3
x 230 343.0 43,613 911.9 19.3 419.3 32.0
W 36 X 256 392.6 49,645 950.7 24.4 310.3 43.9 "'6,992,69

x 232 345.6 43,935 942.9 22.1 307.8 39.9 . '" 6,243,47
x 210 313.6 39,871 931.9 21.1 309.4 34.5 '.,'.5,494,251
X 194 299.2 36,774 926.9 19.4 307.7 32.0 5,036,401
X 192 272.0 34,581 922.9 18.4 306.7 30.0 4,703,4H
x 170 253.7 32,258 918.7 17.3 305.6 27.9 4,370,43(
x 160 239.5 30,323 914.7 16.5 304.9 25.9 , 4,tee,25!
x 150 224.3 29,518 910.6 15.9 304.2 23.9 " 3, 782, 73~
613 903.0 15.2 303.5 201
ASEP Steel Handbook

-134-
Rolled Shapes 4-15
114==1
R~
1
1 11
dJ
x ____ 1 ---x T d
W SHAPES
Dimensions -:-Iw
Properties l==~-===.l _ k .
L~
Designation
rt I dxw
mm x10 3 x10 3
mm4 mm3 mm
28,053,9S18 52,038.6 417.89 1,893,863 8,225.2 108.58 W 36 x 848

26,056,097 49,995,7 415,45 1,749,172 7,652,3 107,61 x 799
23,017,599 44,002.3 411.20 1,531,132 6,785.1 106,08 ' x 720
20,353,717 39,602,5 407.49 1,344,429 6,023.4 104.73 x650
1e, 106,067 35,796.3 403.94 1,196,260 6,367,7 103,39 x 599
15,941,664 32,014.6 400.56 1,036,416 4,739,0 102,13 x627
14,443,230 29,366,2 397,U6 936,621 4,310.8 101. 11 x486
12,903,174 26,555,2 396.29 929,301 3,944,6 100.16 x 439
11,446,364 23,944,1 392,79 729,405 3,407,7 99.09 x 393
10,322,539 21,731.7 390.36 663,483 3,075.9 98.22 x 359
9,365,207 19,991,6 399,05 591,049 2,799,5 97,49 x 329
9,449,499 19,109.( 395. 1~ 541,101 2,559,4 97,46 x 300
7,866,n4 16,961.6 394.69 499,479 2,370.0 96.93 x 290
7,200,904 15,686,9 381.97 453,692 2,159.4 95.99 x 260
6,701,326 14,625,3 379,56 420,394 2,004,7 95,07 x245
6,243,471 13,693,3 379.36 391,258 1,870.7 94.72 x230
6,992,699 14,710,6 379,14 219,770 1,416,5 67,21 W 36x256

6,243,471 13,244.5 376.97 194,796 1,265,7 66,59 x 232
5,494,255 11,791.5 371.22 171 ,071 1,105.8 65.50 x 210
e,036,400 10,969.4 370.07 156,097 1,014.5 65.15 x 194
4,703,415 10,193.9 369.90 144,432 941.9 64.63 x 182
4,370,430 9,514.4 369.08 133,194 871.7 64.26 x 170
4,De8,256 9,973,4 365,93 122,799 905,7 63,63 x 160
3,762,732 9,264,3 363,25 112,392 739,9 62. 79 x 150
7,190.7 356,03 652 617,1 136
ASEP Steel Handbook

-135-
4-16 Rolled Shapes
It-
(-~-I
R [
[
[
=tkl
=0
i-;:---If
[
x--- W SHAPES
Dimensions
[ _::;J .- k .
Properties
G-J
Web Flange Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thick less Width Thickness
dxw W A H tIl bf ~
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm
W 33 x 619 918.5 116,774 89.9

x 567 842.4 107,097 962.9 46.0 423.5 83.1
x 515 766.3 97,419 948,9 41.9 421.4 75,9
x 468 695.2 88,387 935.0 38,6 418.0 69,1
x 424 629.2 80,000 923,0 35,1 414.4 63,0
x 387 573.4 72,903 913,1 32,0 411.5 57,9
x 354 527,8 67,097 903,0 29,5 408,9 53,1
x 318 474.5 60,322 893.1 26.4 406,0 48,0
x 291 434,4 55,226 884,9 24,4 404,0 43,9
x263 392,8 49,93(: 8n.1 221 401.4 39,9
x 241 359.8 45,742 868.2 21.1 402,8 35.6
x 221 329,8 41,935 861.8 19,7 401.4 32.4
x 201 299,9 38,129 855.5 18,2 399,9 29,2
W 33 x 169 251.2 31,935 859.0 17.0 292,1 31.0

x 152 226.8 28,839 850,6 16,1 293,8 26,8
x 141 211.1 26,839 845,8 15.4 293,0 24.4
x 130 194.4 24,710 840,5 14,7 292.4 21.7
x 118 176,1 22,387 834.6 14.0 291,6 18,8
W30x581 862,7 1OS,677 898,9 50.0 411,5 89,9

x 526 781,5 99,355 882,9 45,5 406,9 82,0
x 477 710,4 90,322 868,9 41.4 403,0 74,9
x 433 644.5 81,935 855.0 38,1 399.4 68.1
x 391 578,5 73,548 843,0 34,5 396,0 620
x 357 527,8 67,097 833,1 31,5 392,9 56,9
x ,4 52.1
ASEP Steel Handbook

-136-
Rolled Shapes 4-17
=n
y
1.1-
11- R~ I
I
I
W SHAPES
Dimensions
x---~i -~--11
1 w
I k
Properties
L~-J
Designation
rt I S dxw
mm x10 3 x103
mm mm3
. 17,398,474 35,612,5 386,UO 1,194,584 5,562,7 101.14 W33x619
15,691,925 32,593,1 382,78 1,073,977 5,047,6 100,14 x567
14,026,999 29,564,9 379.46 953,170 4,523,9 99,92 x 515
12,528,566 26,799,1 376,49 844,950 4,042,8 97,77 x 469
11,196,625 24,261.4 374,11 749,217 3,615,9 96,77 x424
10,114,424 22,154,0 372,49 674,295 3,277.3 96,17 x 387
9,115,469 20,189,3 369,59 607,698 2,972,4 95,17 x354
8,116,513 1("176,0 366,81 536,939 2,645,0 94.35 x 318
7,367,296 .6,651.1 365,24 482,929 2,390,2 93,50 x 291
M76,~7 14,995.9 362.91 429,719 2,136,1 92.66 x 263
5,910,496 13,615,5 359,46 387,928 1,926,2 92.09 x 241
5,327,762 12,364.3 356.41 349,634 1,742.1 91.31 x 221
4,786,661 11,190,3 354,31 311,757 1,559.2 90,42 x 201
3,866,790 9,003,0 347,97 129,032 893,5 63,56 W 33 x 169

3,396,448 7,996,0 3<13.19 113,631 773.5 62. 77 x 152
3,100,924 7,332,5 3(39, ~1 102,393 699,9 61,77 x 141
2,792,913 6,645,9 3(36,20 90,739 620,6 60,60 x 130
2,45!i,765 5,994.9 331.20 77,935 5(33,9 59,96 x 119
13, 735,637 30,561,0 353,99 1,053,066 5,119,2 97,99 W 30 x 561

12, 195,581 27,626.2 350,35 928,196 4,562.3 96,66 x526
10,863,640 25,005.5 346,91 919, ~76 4,069.4 95,29 x 477
9,856,569 22,588,5 343,30 729,405 3,647,5 94,29 x 433
8,615,991 20,441.3 342.27 645,159 3,259,4 93,66 x 391
7,741,905 19,585,9 3(39,69 579,562 2,945.1 92.86 x 357
688 1 993,2 3(36,54 51 127 ,644,1 91.43 x 326
ASEP Steel Handbook

-137-
T ---
4-18 Rolled Shapes
f= c:::_ '
tf I
R I
11
x---_i.:--' IJ
I
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
y
1 b,
1
Web Flange Flange
Dulgnatlon Weight Area Depth Thickness Width Thickness
d~} W A H tw br ~
kg/m mmz mm mm mm mm
W30x 292 434.9 55,290 813.1 25.9 397.5 47.0

x 261 399.2 49,494 902.9 23.6 394.9 . 41.9
x 235 350.1 44,516 795.0 21.1 392.4 39.1
x 211 314.6 40,000 795.9 19.7 393.7 33.4
x 191 294.7 36,193 779.3 19.0 392.0 30.1
x 173 257.9 32,774 773.2 16.6 39o.e 27.1
x 149 220.7 29,064 779.0 16.5 266.2 30.0
x 132 197.4 25,097 769.9 15.6 267.9 25.4
x 124 195.2 23,549 766.3 14.9 267.1 23.6
x 116 173.5 2:;064 762.3 14.4 266.6 21.6
x 109 160.9 20,452 757.7 13.9 266.1 19.3
x 99 147.7 19,774 753.1 13.2 265.4 17.0
x SO 134.0 17,032 . 750.1 11.9 264.2 15.5
W27 x 539 901.9 101,935 926.0 50.0 397.5 99.9

x 494 735.8 93,549 812.0 46.0 383.4 83. 1
x448 664.9 84,516 798.1 41.9 379.5 75.9
x407 603.9 76,774 794.1 39.6 375.9 69.1
x 368 549.0 69,677 771.9 35.1 372.5 63.0
x 336 500.9 63,677 762.0 32.0 369.4 57.9
x 307 457.7 59,193 752.1 29.5 366.9 53.1
x 291 419.2 53,290 744.0 26.9 364.5 49.0
x 258 384.1 48,839 738.1 24.9 362.5
x 235 350.7 44,591 729.0 23.1 360.4
x 217 323.9 41,161 722.1 21.1 358.5
19.1 356.5
ASEP Steel Handbook

-138-
Rolled Shapes 4-19
,i---- ~--::J
'I- - -
,
y
- I
Rl1,
--- 11 k
-lI
I
W SHAPES
Dimensions x- ~)!-I:-
Properties
J~-J
Desillnation
rt
mm I S dxw
x103 x103
mm mm4 mm3 mm
6,201,848 15,254.8 334.92 457,855 2,363.1 91.00 W 30x 292

5,452,632 13,582,3 331.J5 399,166 2,074,1 89.81 x 261
4,869,908 1g251.3 330.75 355,878 1,861.3 89.41 x 235
4,287,184 10,910.3 327.38 315,087 1,642.4 88.75 x 211
3,616,842 9,795.6 324,74 260,124 1,466.6 87.99 x 191
3,413,099 9,929.5 322.71 249,906 1,309.0 97.15 x 173
2,780,426 7,138.4 314.76 94,495 709.9 58.02 x 148
2,401,655 6,239,9 309.35 81,591 609.3 57.01 x 132
2,231,000 5,922.9 307,90 75,339 564,1 56.56 x 124
2,052,021 5,383.8 304.96 68,262 512.1 55.62 x 116
1,860,554 4,911.1 301,62 60,770 456.7 54.51 x 109
1,660,763 4,410.5 297,42 53,279 401.5 53.27 x 99
1,506,758 4,017.5 297.43 47,867 362.4 5301 x 90
10,613,901 25,699.5 322.69 979,249 4,532.9 92.92 W 27 x 539

9,531,700 23,477.1 319.20 786,677 4,103.7 91.70 x 494
8,491,121 21,278.3 316.97 695,106 3,663.3 90.69 x 448
7,533,789 19,216.4 313,26 616,023 3,277.6 99.58 x 407
6,701,326 17,363.2 310.12 545,263 2,927.6 88.46 x 368
6,035,356 15,840.8 307.86 486,991 2,636.7 87.45 x 336
5,452,632 14,499.9 306, ~ 0 437,043 2,392.4 96.66 x 307
4,953,154 13,314,9 8C'4,97 396,669 2,176.5 86.29 x 281
4,495,299 12,213.8 303.39 357,543 1,972.7 85.56 x 258
4,020,796 11,046.1 300,32 319,666 1,774.0 84.68 x235
3,691,973 10,225,7 299.49 293,027 1,634.7 94.37 x 217
930 117.5 297.51 257 1 443.1 x1
ASEP Steel HAndbook

-139-
___ ,. -, ____ "'r"" ..

~
~
T
-
I
4-20 Rolled Shapes
=n
y
IfF R
I
dJ
x--- : ---x r d
W SHAPES
:-Iw Dimensions
I k
Properties
y
1 bf
1
Web Flenge Flenge
Deslgnetlon Weight Aree Depth Thickness Width Thickness
dxw W A H t,. bf ~
kg/m mrrr mm mm mm mm
W 27x 178 265.4 88,742 705.4 184 857.8 80.2

x 161 240,5 80,581 700,8 16,t/ 856,1 27,4
x 146 217.7 27,677 695,5 15.4 854,7 24.8
x 129 191.8 24,887 701.8 15,5 254,8 27.9
x 114 170.0 21,618 693,2 14,5 255.9 28.6
x 102 152,2 19,855 698,1 18,1 254,4 21.1
x 94 140,6 17,871 688.8 12.4 258,7 18.9
x 84 125.9 16,000 679.4 11,7 253,0 16,3
W24x 492 780,7 92,908 758,1 50,0 859,5 89,9 7,950,

x450 669,8 85,161 738,9 46,0 354,5 83,1 7,117,
x408 603.9 76,774 724,9 41,9 350.5 75,9 6,285,
x 870 548,0 69,677 710,9 88,6 847,0 69,1 5,577,~
x885 499,8 68,484 699,0 85,1 848,4 68.0 ' 4,958,
x306 455,7 57,935 6139,1 32.0 340,5 57,9 4,453,'
x279 416.1 52,908 678,9 29,5 387,9 58.1 8,995,1
x 250 373,0 47,419 669,0 26,4 884,9 48,0 3,538,1
x 229 341.0 43,355 660,9 24,4 333,0 43,9 3,194,'
x207 808,0 39,161 658,0 22.1 880,5 89,9 2,839,1
x 192 285,7 36,323 648,9 20,6 328,9 87,1 2,605,\
x 176 262,4 33,355 641.1 19,1 327,4 34,0 2,864,'
x 162 242,1 30,774 685.0 17,9 329,1 81.0 2,151,!
x146 218,2 27,742 628.4 16,5 827,7 27,7
x 131 195.4 24,839 621,8 15.4 326.5 24.4
x 117 174,6 22, 194 616,2 14,0 325,1 21.6
x 104 155,8 1 742 828,9 19,1
ASEP Steel Handbook

-140-
Rolled Shapes 4-21
It!==t(=
y
=n
'-~'I~-lJ
' R'
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties =IC
I k
L_:LJ
Desl gn ati on
rt I dYJN
mm x103 x103 r x103 r
mm4 mm
2,909,458 f..,237.4 293.64 231,008 1,291.3 82.74 W 27 x 178

2,613,933 7,459.9 292.36 206,867 1,161.8 82.25 x 161
2,343,383 6,738.7 290.98 184,391 1,039.7 81.62 x 146
1,981,262 5,646.2 285.03 76,587 602.3 56.04 x 129
1,702,387 4,911.7 280.6: 66,181 517.4 55.34 x 114
1,506,758 4,379.5 279,01 57,856 454.8 54,67 x 102
1,361,077 3,980.9 275.97 51,613 406.9 53.74 x 94
1,196,260 3,497,2 272,29 44,121 349.8 52.51 x 84
7,950,020 21,112,8 292,53 695,106 3,877.9 86.50 W 24x 492

7,117,557 19,265,3 289,10 620,185 3,498,9 85,34 x450
6,295,095 17,340,6 286,12 549,425 3,135,1 84,60 x408
5,577,501 15,691.4 282.93 482,828 2,782,9 83,24 x370
) 4,953,154 14,172.1 279,32 428,718 2,496,9 82.18 x335
l 4,453,676 12,926,1 277.26 382,517 2,246,9 91.26 x 306
1 3,995,822 11,771,5 274,83 342,558 2,027,6 80.47 x279
:l 3,533,905 10,564.4 272,99 301,352 1,799.7 79.72 x 250
9 3,194,170 9,635,9 271.01 270,967 1,627.4 7906 x 229
9 2,838,698 8,694,3 269,24 240,582 1,455,9 78.38 x 207
1 2,605,609 8,055.7 267,83 220,603 1,341,5 77.93 x 192
2,364,194 7,375.4 266,23 199,375 1,217,9 77.31 x 176
2,151,916 6,777,7 264.44 184,391 1,120.6 77.41 x 162
.7 1,906,340 6,067,S 262,14 162,746 993.3 76.09 x 146
.4 1,673,250 5,382,0 259,55 141,519 866.9 75,48 x 131
,6 1,473,459 4,792.4 257,66 123,621 760,5 74.63 x 117
222.9 255.65 107, 665.7 x
ASEP Steel Handbook

-141-
I
4-22 Rolled Shapes
Iii ~i
y
:0 --n
'-1:i WC~ =-~ t"-..I
-
c--
-
-I
"
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
L~l
Web Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thickness Width Thlokness
dxw W A H tw bf ~ rt
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm
W 24 x 103 153,6 19,546 623,1 14,0 226,6 24,9 1,246,

x 94 140,6 17,671 617,5 13,1 230,3 22,2 L123,
x 64 125,3 15,935 612,1 11.9 229,1 19,6 '988,
607,6 11.2 228,3 17,3 . a74,
x 76 113,7 14,452
x 66 102,0 12,966 602,7 10,5 22'.',7 14,9 761,
10,9 179,9 1s.o . 645,'
x 62 92,4 11,742 603.0
82,2 10,452 598,7 10,0 177.0 12.8 551,(
x 55
W 21 x 402 599,9 76,129 660,9 43,9 340.5 79,5

x 364 543,0 69,032 646,9 40.4 336,9 72,4 91.1
x 333 496,9 63,161 635,0 37,1 333.5 66,5 90.1
x 300 447,6 56,903 623,1 33,5 329,9 60,5 99,
x275 410,0 52,129 612,9 31.0 327,4 55,6 aa 71,S
x 248 369.4 46,968 603,0 27,9 324,5 50,5 97, 2,613,7
x 223 331.9 42,193 593,1 25.4 321.9 45,5 ge, 2,476,5
x 201 300.4 39,193 595,0 23,1 319.4 41,4 95. >2,210,1 i
x 182 272,0 34,581 577.1 21,1 317,5 37.6 95, 1,958,7
x 166 247.6 31,484 571.0 19,1 315.5 34,5 84, 1,781,4'
x 147 219,2 27,871 560,3 16.3 317.8 29,2 94. 1,510,9:
x 132 196.9 25,032 554,5 16.5 31M 26.3 1,340,2!
x 122 182.2 23,161 560.7 15.2 314,7 24.4 1,232,0<
546,4 14,0 313.4 22,2 ,111,~
x 111 165.9 21,097
x 101 151,2 19,226 542.5 12,7 312,2 20.3 1,OO7,2E
ASEP Steel Handbook

-142-
. --- - - ----------._--
y
llj=~y==n
x -- - Jr--- x T d
J~=ll
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
L_~L.J
Designation
I S I S dX'N
x103 x10 3 x10 3 x10 3
mm4 mm3 mm mm4 mm 3 mm
1,248,694 4,008.0 252.74 49,532 433.4 50.34 W 24 x 103

1,123,825 3,639.9 250.77 45,369 394.0 50.39 x 94
996,468 3,223.2 248.81 39,292 343.0 49.66 x 84
874,086 2,877.2 245.93 34,339 300.8 48.74 x 76
761,704 2,527.6 242.36 29,303 257.4 47,54 x 69
645,159 2,139,9 234.40 14,360 160,6 34,97 x 62
561,912 1,877.1 231.86 12,112 136.2 34.04 x 55
5,078,023 15,367,0 259,27 529,614 3,104.9 93.33 W 21 x 402

4,495,299 13,898.0 255.18 466,179 2,767.5 82.18 x364
3,999,994 12,598.4 251.65 413,734 2,481. 2 80,93 x 333
3,529,642 11,329,3 249,06 363,370 2,202,9 79,91 x300
3,171,683 10,349.8 246.66 326,742 1,996.0 79.17 x275
2,813,724 9,332.4 244,76 288,865 1,780.4 78.42 x 248
2,476,577 8,351.3 242,27 253,485 1,574,9 77.51 x 223
2,210,189 7,556.2 240,5E 225,597 1,412.6 76.86 x 201
'. 1,968,775 6,823,0 2S860 201,040 1,266.4 76.25 x 192
1,791,471 6,239,8 237,87 191,061 1,147,9 75,93 x 166/
1,510,920 5,393,3 232,93 156,503 984.9 74.94 x 147
1,340,265 4,834,1 231.39 138,605 877.2 74.41 x 132
1,232,045 4,474,5 230,64 126,951 906.9 74,04 x 122
1,111,339 4,067,9 229,52 114,047 727,9 73,52 x 111
1,007,280 3,713.5 228,89 103,225 661,3 73.27 x101
ASEP Steel Handbook

-143-
4-24 Rolled Shapes
IIF=-1-
R I
I
y
I
=n k
x----i -~-dJ
I --tw
W SHAPES
Dimensions
I k Properties
y
bl
Web
DeslQnatlon WelQht Aria Depth Thlcknln Width Thickness
dx!N W A k t,. bl ~
kQ/m mm2 mm mm mm mm
W 21 x 93 100.5 17,613 549.1 14.7 213.9 23,6

I 86
x 93 123.3 15,677 544,3 13,1 212,2 21.2
1,5
x 73 109.1 13,871 539.5 11, t) 210.7 19.8
17.4
, L 56
x68 101.5 12,903 536,7 10.9 210.1
611
x52 92.9 11,806 533,1 10,2 209,3 15.6
" 55:
x57 94,7 10,774 534.9 10,3 11lS,5 16.5
491
x50 74.6 9,484 529.1 9.7 1SS.9 13,6
40~
x44 55.0 9,397 524,9 c,9 16(5,1 11.4
35e
W18x311 464.3 59,032 566.9 38.6 304.9 69.6
2,99E
x 293 422,2 53,677 555.0 35,6 302,0 53,5
2,56~
x 259 3~,2 49,958 545,1 32.5 299,0 59.4
2,29~
x234 349.1 44,397 524.9 29,5 295,9 53,6
2,036
x 211 315.1 40,064 525,0 26.9 293.5 49.5
1,902
x 192 296,2 36,397 516,9 24,4, 291,0 44,5
1,510
x 175 260.3 33,097 509.0 22.6 288,9 40.4
1,435
x 158 235.0 29,871 500,9 20,6 287.0 36.6
1,273
x 143 213.6 27,161 '19M 19.5 2~,0 3M
1,144,
x 130 193.8 24,645 499.0 17.0 283.5 30,5
1,023,
W19x119 178,1 22,645 491.8 16.6 286,1 26.9
911,
x106 157,8 20,054 475,7 15.0 284,5 23,9
795,
x 97 144,6 18,387 472.2 13.6 283,1 22.1
728,
x 86 129,4 15,323 467,1 12.2 281.7 19,6
1635
x 76 113,2 14,397 462,5 10,9 290,3 17,3 -.. "'.~ !
553,i
ASEP Steel Handbook

-144-
Rolled Shapes 4-25
"i-~rc,,-
,
y
I=n,
x--- t---x T d
=J~C':_J
W SHAPES
Dimensions
jJ
L-_'L_ I
Propertien
, Y
Designation
I dxw
xi 03 xi 03
mm4 mm mm4 mm
861,599 3,138,2 22117 38,668 3616 46,86 W 21 x 93

761,704 2,798,9 220,48 33,981 319,3 46,49 x 93
, 665,970 2,468,8 219,12 29,386 278,9 46,03 x 73
616,023 2,295,6 218,50 26,930 256,4 45,68 x 68
553,598 2,076,9 216,34 23,933 228,7 45.02 x 62
498,991 1,820,9 212,60 12,737 153,0 34,38 x57
40~,572 1,548,2 207,81 10,364 124,9 33,06 x 50
350,993 1,337,2 204,54 9,616 104,4 3205 x 44
2,896,971 10,220,4 22153 330,904 2,170,6 74,87 W 18 x 311

2,563,996 9,239,6 218,56 293,027 1,940,6 73.89 x 283
2,293,435 8,414,7 216,41 261,393 1,748,4 73.06 x 258
2,039,534 7,625,9 214,36 232,257 1,569,8 72,34 x234
1,802,282 6,865,8 212,10 205,202 1,398,3 71,57 x 211
1,610,816 6,232,6 210,40 183,142 1,259,7 70,94 x 192
1,435,998 5,642.4 208,30 162,746 1,126,7 70,12 x 75
1,273,668 5,085,5 206,49 144,432 1,006,5 69,54 x 158
1,144,636 4,624,8 205,29 129,448 908,4 69,04 x 143
1,023,929 4,187,8 203,83 115,712 816,3 68,52 x 130
j 200,63 105,307 736,2 68,19 W18x119

911,547 3,783,9
) 795,002 3,342,5 199,06 91,571 643,7 67,56 x 106
1 728,405 3,085,2 199,04 83,663 5910 67,45 x 97
S 1636,834 2,726,8 197,52 72,840 517,1 66,80 x 86
:3 553,588 2,393,9 196,16 63,267 451,4 66,31 x 76
ASEP Steel Handbook

-145-
-

4-26 Rolled Shapes
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
y
Web Flange Flange

Designation Weight Area Depth ThloknesJ Width Thickness
dlNl W A H til' ~
kg/m mn-r mm mm mm x1
W 18 x 71 105,5 13,419 20,6

x 65 96,9 12,323 466, 1 11.4 192,8 19,1
x 60 89,3 11,355 463,3 10,5 191,9 17,7
x 55 82,2 10,452 460,0 g,g 191,3 16,0 3i
x 50 74.6 9,484 456,9 9,0 190.4 14,5 3~
W18 x 46 68,5 8,710 458,7 9,1 153,9 15,4 29

x 40 59,9 7,613 454,7 8,0 152,9 13,3 25
x 35 52,3 6,645 449,6 7,6 152,4 10,8 21
,
"7"'"'\
,
W1~ x 100 149,2 18,968 431.0 14,9 264,8 25,0

. x 89 133,0 16,903 425,5 13,3 263,3 22.2
x 77 114,7 14,581 419,6 11.6 261.5 19,3
x 6,7 100,0 12,710 414,9 10,0 260,0 16.9
W16 x 57 85.3 10,839 417,3 10,9 199,8 18,2 3H

x 50 74.6 9,494 413,0 9,7 179,6 16.0 27'
"x~-45 67,5 9,591 409,7 8,9 178,7 14,4 2~
x 40 59,9 7,613 406,7' 7,7. 1n,7 12.8 .. 21~
x 36 53,9 6,839 402,8 7,5 1n,4 10,9 . 18E
x 31 46,3 5,994 403,4 7,0/ 140,3 11.2 . 1SS
x 26 39,0 4,955 399.5 6,4 139,7 a,a : 125
W 14 x 730 1,091.0 139,709 569,5 454,4 124,7

x 665 994,6 126,451 549,7 449,3 114,8
x605' 90U 114,838 531,4 44?,3 105,7
97,0
ASEP Steel Handbook

-146-
Rolled Shapes 4-27
Ir1=
y
R II =n
W SHAPES
Dimensions I W
I _k
Properties
y
I br I
Designation
dm
r
mm
,50 ,
445,369 1,911,0 190,11 22,909 x
409,572 1,769,1 199,92 20,953 x
370,446 1,610,6 199,26 19,699
332,995 1,457,6 197,39 16,691
299,357 1,292,2 194,46 9,365 121,7 32. 79 W1Sx 46

254,734 1,120,4 192,92 7,950 104,1 32.32 x 40
212,279 944,3 179,73 6,SS9 93,6 30,96 x 35
620,195 2,977.9 180,92 77,419 584,7 63,99 W16x100

541,101 2,543,4 179, Ei2 67,946 515,4 6:3. 35 x 99
462,017 2,202,2 179,01 57,440 439,3 62,76 x 77
397,095 1,914,6 176,75 49,532 391.0 62.43 x 67
315,503 1,512,1 170,61 17,940 199,5 4M9 W16x 57

) 274,297 1,329,8 170,06 15,494 172,4 40,41 x 50
i4 243,912 1,190,7 1-69,60 13,652 152,9 39,99 x 45
,9 215.609 1,060,3 169,29 12, 029 135,4 39,75 x 40
is 186,472 925,9 16t.12 10,199 115,0 39,62 x 36
i2 158,097 773,9 162,97 5,161 73,6 29,62 x 31
is 125,296 629,9 159,01 ' 3,992 57,2 29,38 x 26
119,01 W14x730
117,16 x665
115,49 x 605
113,77 x 550
ASEP Steel Handbook

-147-
-
1
4-28 Rolled Shapes
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Web Flange Flange

Designation
T~~~$S
Weight Area Depth Thlokness I
(- ,
dxw ,W A H ". -----------
til" ,: bf rt
kg/m mm 2 mm mm I mm x10 3
mm4
W 14 x 500 746,0 94,839 497,8 55,6 432,1 88,9 3,417,~

x 455 680,0 86,451 483,1 51.2 427,6 81,5 2,992, i
x 426 634,3 80,645 474,2 47,6 424,1 77.1 2,747,1
x398 593,7 75,484 464,6 45,0 421.4 '72.3 2,497,~
x 370 553,1 70,322 455,2 42,0 418,5 67,6 2,264,~
x342 512,5 65,161 445,5 39,1 415,5 62. 7 2,039,E
x 311 463,8 58,968 434,8 35,8 412,2 57.4 1,e02,~
x283 422,7 53,742 425,2 32,8 409,2 52,6 1,598,G
x 257 383.6 49,774 415,1 29,8 406.:3 48,0 1,4HS, 1
x 233 3476 44,193 407,4 27,2 400,6 43,1 t~.~
x 211 314,6 40,000 399,3 24,9 401.3 39,6 1,107,
x 193 288,2 36,645 393,2 22,6 399,0 36.6 998,1
x 176 262,9 33,419 386.6 21.1 397,5 38.3 990,~
x 159 237,0 30,129 380,5 18,n 395.4 30,2 790,(
x 145 216,7 27,549 375.4 17.3 393,7 27,7 711, j
W'14 x 132 196,9 25,032 372.4 16.4 374,0 26,2 636,E

x 120 179,1 22,774 367,8 15.0 372,6 23,9 574,~
x 109 162,4 20,645 363,7 13,3 371.0 21.8 516,1
x 99 147,7 18,774 359."1 12,3 370.0 19,8 462,C
x 90 134,5 17,097 356,1 11.2 368,8 18,0 415,9
W14x 82 122,3 15,548 363,5 21.7

x 74 110,6 14,064 19,9
x 69 101,5 12,903 19,3
61 16,4
ASEP Steel Handbook

-148-
Rolled Shapes 4-29
~ 11
If~~ iC-x
y
Tk d
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
-:tdJ
I . k
L~
Designation
I I dxw
xi 03 xi 03 r xi 03 x103 r
mm4 mm' mm mm 4
mm 3 mm
3,417,260 13,729.4 189.82 1,198,747 5,5485 112.43 W14x500

2,9')2,704 12,389.6 196.06 1,065,552 4,993.9 111. 02 x 455
2,747,127 11,586.4 184.57 982,306 4,632.4 110.37 x 426
2,497,389 10,750.7 181. 89 903,222 4,286.8 109.39 x 398
2,264,299 9,949.6 179.44 829,301 3,958.4 109.53 x 370
2,039,534 9,156.2 176.92 758,379 3,626.4 107.53 x342
1,a02,282 8,290.2 174.82 670,133 3,251.5 106.60 x 311
1,599,329 7,519.0 172.46 599,373 2,929.5 105.61 x 293
1,415,187 6,902.1 170.34 536,939 2,643.1 104.92 x 257
1,252,857 6,150.5 168.37 478,666 2,372.0 104.07 x 233
1,107,176 5,545.6 166.37 429,719 2,136.6 103.53 x 211
999,955 5,091.2 165.11 397,511 1,942.4 102.93 x 193
890,735 4,609.0 163.26 348,802 1,755.0 102.16 x 176
790,840 4,156.9 162.01 311,341 1,574.8 101. 65 x 159
711,756 3,792.0 160.74 291,799 1,431.5 101.14 x 145
102.97 636,934 3,420.2 159.50 229,095 1,219.8 95.46 W 14 x 132

102.62 . 574,399 3,123.4 159.91 206,035 1,105.9 95.12 x 120
102.11 516,127 2,838.2 158.11 186,055 1,003.0 9493 x 109
101. 462,017 2,568.9 156.87 167,325 904.5 9441 x 99
10t 415,915 2,335.4 155.95 150,676 817.1 93.99 x 90
r 153.66 61,602 478.8 62.94 W14x 82

:l 153.49 55,775 436.1 62.97 x 74
3 152.72 50,364 395.2 62.48 x 68
4 151. 88 ,537 350.8 62.10 61
ASEP Steel Handbook

-149-
4-30 Rolled Shapes
IfF =fccc-o
R/
y
:
-Ik-r
~.
I
x--- : ---x T d W SHAPES
-l-~:':J =Ll
Dimensions
Prop'lI'tles
L~L-J
Flange Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thlcknesll Width Thickness
dxw W A H t" bf ~ rt
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm mm
, W 14 x 53 79,2 10,064 353,6 9.4 204,7 16,9 2~

x 49 71.6 9,097 3!5Q,3 9,6 204,0 15,1
201
x 43 63,9 9,129 347,0 7,7 203,1 13,5 17E
x 39 56,9 7,226 359,1 7,9 ' 172,0 13,1 16C
x 34 50,7 6,452 355,1 7,2 171,3 11,6 , 141
x 30 44,9 5,710 351.5 6,9 170,9 9,9
121
x 26 39,0 4,961 353,3 6,5 127,6 10,7 101
x 22 32,9 4,197 349.0 5,8 127,0 9,5
92,
W 12 x 336 501,4 63,742 427,2 45,1 340,0 75,1 1,699,

x 305 ' 454,7 57,906 414,5 41.3 336,2 68,7 1,477,
x 279 415,6 52,839 402,6 38,9 333,8 62.7 ' 1,294,
x 252 37e.o 47,906 391.4 35,4 330,3 57,2 1,132,
x 230 343,5 43,677 392,3 32.6 327,5 52.6 1,007,
x 210 313,6 39,871 373,6 30,0 324,9 4a3 890,
x 190 293,2 36,000 365.3 26,9 321,9 44,1 786,1
x 170 253,7 32,259 356,4 24.4 319,3 39,6 696,'
x 152 ' 226.9 29,939 348,2 22.1 317',0 35.6 595,:
x 136 202,5 25,742 340,6 20,1 315,0 31,9 516,'
x 120 179,1 22, 774 333,2 1BO ' 312,9 29,1 445,:
x 106 159,3 20,129 327.4 15.5 310.4 25,1
3ae,~
x 96 143,1 19,194 322,9 14,0 309,9 22.9 ~4S,i
x 97 129,9 16,516 319,3 13,1 308,0 20,6 309,C
x 79 117,7 14,969 314,5 11.9 306,9 18,7 275,~
x 72 107,1 13,613 311,2 10,9 305,8 17.0 248,4
1 307,8 9,9 304,8 15.4
ASEP Steel Handbook

-150-
~.-,----"
Rolled Shapes 4-31
"'>1
11f-
y
I 11
W SHAPES
Dimensions
,--Ji~-dJ
. I k
Propertle~
Y
bl
Designation
I dxw
3
x10 x103 x10 3
mm3 mm mm 4 mm 3 mm
225,181 1,273.6 149.58 24,017 234.7 48.85 W14x 53

201,972 1,152,6 149,97 21,394 209,7 49,49 x 49
179,147 1,026.8 149,04 18,814 185.3 48.11 x 43
160,249 895.0 148,92 11,113 129.2 39.22 x 38
141,519 797,1 149,10 9,699 113,2 39,77 x 34
121,123 699,2 145,t':I4 9,159 95,5 37,90 x 30
101,977 577.3 H3.37 3,709 58.1 27.34 x 26
92,930 474,7 140,65 2,914 45,9 26,38 x 22
1,689,900 7,911. 5 162,82 495,315 2,913.6 88,15 W 12x336

1,477,622 7,129,7 159,99 437,043 2,599,9 86,95 x 305
1,294,490 6,430,6 156.52 390,009 2,336,8 85,91 x 279
1,132,149 5,795,1 153,89 344,640 2,086,8 84.91 x 252
1,007,280 5,269,6 151.86 308,844 1,886,1 84.09 x230 \
990,735 4,769.4 149,47 276,379 1,701.3 93,26 x 210
788,677 4,307.0 147.82 245,160 1,523.7 82,52 x 190
696,782 3,854.0 145.91 215,192 1,347.9 81.68 x 170
595,211 3,419,9 143,66 199,969 1,192.2 90,95 x 152
516,127 3,030.7 141. 60 165,660 1,051.8 80.22 x 136
445,368 2,673,3 139.84 143,600 917.9 79.41 x 120
399,344 2,372,3 139,90 125,296 807,3 79.99 x 106
346,721 2,149,2 139,05 112,392 727,6 78,59 x 96
308,011 1,935.4 136.56 < '1{), 31 2 651.4 77.93 x 87
275,545 1,752,3 135.63 99,906 596,1 77.50 x 79
249,490 1,597,0 135, :; 91,165 530,9 i7,22 x 72
,851 1 441.5 134,18 424 475,2 76.66 x 65
ASEP Steel Handbook

-151-
-
l
4-32 Rolled Shapes
lk-r
y
4--~r
x---l---x
JL dJ
T d W SHAPES
Dimensions
=~~:-~ -I, . Properties
L~J
Web Flange Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thlcknen Width Thickness
dxw W A H t\\l bf ~ rt
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm
; ,io
W 12)( 58 86.3 10,968 309.6 9.1 254.3 16.3 . 197,

x 53 79,2 10,064 306,3 ,~ 2'53.9 J<),6 176,
x 50 74.6 9,484 309.6 9,4 205,2 16,3 1'6'3,
x 45 67,0 8,516 306,3 8,5 204,3 14,6 .145,
x 40 59,9 7,613 303.3 7,5 203,3 13,1 129,
x 35 52,3 6,645 317,5 7,6 166.6 13,2 119,
x 30 44,6 5,671 313,4 6,6 165.6 11,2 99,.1
x 26 38,9 4,935 310.4. 5,9 9,7 ,(94,~
,- -.....
,".
x 22_ 32,9 4,181 312,7 6,6 102.4 10,8 64,S

x 19 28.3 3,594 308,9 6,0 101.7 8,9 54,1
x 16 23. 9 3,039 304,5 .5,6 101.3 6,7 42.E
x 14 21,1 2,694 302,5 5,1 100,9 5,7 36,E
I
W10x112 167.0 21,226 299.5 19,2 264,5 31.8 298,0
x100 149,2 19,969 291.9 17,3 262,6 29,4 259,3
x 131.4 16,710 275.3 15,4 260,7 25,1 222,2
x 77 114,7 14,581 269.2 13,5 258,8 22,1 189,3
x S8 101. 5 12,903 264,2 11.9 257,3 19,6 163,91
x 60 99.3 11,355 259,6 10.7 258,0 17,3 141,9:
15,6 126,1 :
)( 54 80,2 J0, 194 256,3 9.4 254,8
x 49 73,1 9,290 253,5 9,6 254,0 14,2 113,21
x 45 67,5 8,581 256.5 8,9 203, i' 15,7 103,2,
)( 39 58,4 7,419 252,0 9.0 202,8 13,5 86,99
x 33 49,3 6,265 247,1 7.4 i02,2 11.0 70,75
x 30 44,9 5,703 265,9 7,6 147,6 13.0 . '70,75
iI 910 262.4 6,6 1.2
)i
ASEP Steel Handbock
l
:,.'
~,",
i
,
-152-
Rolled Shapes 4-33
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Designation
dxw
mm
197,710 1,277.2 134.26 44,537 350.3 6372 W 12 x 58

176,999 1,155,1 182,56 89,875 814.1 62.95 x 53
11)3,995 1,059.4 131.50 23,434 228.4 49.71 x 50
145,681 951.2 130.79 20,812 203.7 49.44 x 45
129,082 95Q.9 130,19 18,856 190,6 49.10 x 40
118,626 747,3 183.61 10,198 122.4 39.18 x 35
,99,063 632.2 / 132.17 8,449 102.0 38.60 X 30
2
\ 94,91.1 " 547.1 181.17 7,201 87.4 88.20 x 26
7
8 64,982 415.8 124.62 1,940 37.9 21.54 X 22
9 54,110 350.3 122.70 1,565 30.8 20.87 x 19

7 42,872 291.6 118,77 1,174 23.2 19,65 X 16
7 36,979 243,8 117,22 982 19.5 19.18 X 14
.8 299,022 2,066.0 , 118.49 98,231 742.8 68.03 W10x112

.4 259,312 1,889,7 116,92 96,160 656,2 67.40 X 100
,.1 222,268 1,614.7 115.38 74,505 571.6 66.77 x 88

:.1 199,385 1,407.0 113.91 64,100 495.4 66.30 x 77
1,6 168,995 1,241.4 112,74 55,775 433.5 65.75 x 68
141,985 1,098.5 111. 80 48,283 377.2 65.21 x 60
126,118 984.1 111. 28 42,872 336.5 64.85 X 54
113,215 898.2 110.89 38,976 306.1 64.69 -x 49
108,225 904,9 109.68 22,227 218.2 50.8S X 45
86,992 690.4 108.28 18,730 184.7 50.25 X 39
70,759 572.7 106,27 15,284 150.7 49,31 X 88
'70,759 582,2 111. 39 6,951 94.2 34.91 X 30
456.6 1 ,869 80.1 34.57 X 26
ASEP Stnel Handbook

-153-
4-34 Rolled Shapes
=nLt-
y
'IIF
1
x--- I____ x T d
W SHAPES
-: -I",
(==:.:~_.,_."...::) = k
DimElnsions
Properties
L~LJ
Flange Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thlokness 'Mdth Thickness
dxw W A H t,. be ~
258,3 6,1 146,1 9,1 49,1

W10x 22 32,9 4,187
6,4 102,.1 10.0 - 40,01
x 19 28,5 3,626 260,1
256,8 6,1 101,9 8,4 34,01
X 17 25,3 3,219
22,4 253.7 5,8 101.6 6,9 2EW
x 15 2,845
4,6 10o.s 5,3 22,3!
x 12 18,0 2,284 250.7
100,0 228,6 14,5 210.3 23,7 113,2

W 8x 87 12,710
222,3 209,9 20,S 94,91
x 56 86.9 11,032 13.0
206.0 17,4 76,51
x 49 71.6 9,097 215.9 10.2
g09, 9,1 205,0 60,7",
x 40 59,4 7,549 19
'--' -..-
'-"
'~2,e!
x 35 92,3 6,S45 206,2 7,9 203.7 12.S
7,2 203.1 11.0 45,7!
x )" 31 46.3 5,890 203.2
7.2 166,0 11,8 ,40,71
x 28 41.9 5,323 204.7
-,x 201,4 165.0~ , 10,2 34,41
24 35,9 4,568 6.2
'.-....:~. x 21 31.3 3,974 210,3 S.4 - 133:9 10,2 31,3'
26,7 206.8 5.8 133.4 9.4 25,7E
x 18 3,394
22,5 206,0 6,2 102.0 8.0 HI,9j
x 15 2,865
202.9 5.9 101.6 6.5 1S,4E
x 13 19.5 2,477
5.2 12,8~
x 10 15,0 1,910 200.4 4.3 100.1
22,2~
W6x 25 4,735 154.4 11.S
9,3 17,2~
x 20 3,797 152,9
6,6 12, 11
x 15
10,3 13,3E
x 16
7,1 9,1.6
x 12
x 5.5 e::
ASEP Steel Handbook
-154-
Rolled Shapes 4-35
W SHAPES
Dimensions
,--1,
11-
~~dJ
,
'"-~=J1
R~ I - k
Properties
L~-1
Designation
rt Y S 1 S dxw
3
mm x103 x10 x10 3
mm3 m mm3
49,115 /seo.S 100.SI 4,745 65.0 SS.66 W10x 22

40,093 309.2 1u~.14 1,786 35.0 22.19 x 19
34,099 265.5 102.91 1,482 29.1 21.46 x 17
28,678 226.1 100.40 1,20S 23. 7 20.56 x 15
22,393 179.6 99.02 907 18.0 19.93 x 12
11 S,215 990.5 94.S8 36,878 350.7 5S.87 W 8x 67

94,901 953.9 92.75 31,259 299.4 53.23 x 58
76.597 709.5 91.75 25,349 246.1 52.79 x 48
) 60,770 579.9 89.73 20,437 199.4 52.0S x 40
,
)
~2,961 512.7 99.19 17,731 174.1 51.66 x 35
) 45,795 450.6 99.17 15,442 152.1 51.20 x 31
40,791 398.5 97.54 9,032 109.8 41.19 x 28
3
2 S4,464 342.2 86.86 7,617 92.S 40.8S x 24
31,342 298.1 99.91 4,067 60.7 31.99 x 21
2
4 25,765 249.2 87.13 S,317 49.7 31.26 x 18
0 19,979 vl94.0 9S.51 1,419 27.8 22.26 x 15
5 16,493 162.5 81.57 1,136 22.4 21.42 x 13
12,820 127.9 81.98 870 17.4 21.34 x 10
2
22,227 274.2 69.5', 7,118 92.2 39. 77 W6x 25
6
17,232 .-219.9 67.46 5,536 72.4 39.23 x 20
.3
12, 112 159.3 65.10 3,879 51.0 36.84 x 15
.6
13,361 167.5 66.10 1,944 36.0 24.56 x 16
.3
9,199 120.1 63.38 1,24!: 24.5 23.32 x 12
.1
91.1 83 912 1 22.97 x 9
ASEP Steel Handbook

-155-
4-36 Rolled Shap0R
tli- R~
x---_:_~--x
I
I
I
91j I W SHAPES
I W Dimensions
I -'k
c=::::.l---=:l - - . Pro ptlrtles
0L-J
Web Flan~e Flange
Designation Weight Area !;lepth Thlokness Width Thiokness
dxw W A H t" bf 4 rt I
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm x1Q3
mm'
W5x 19 28.1 3,574 130.8 6.9 127.8 10.9 35. 10

x 16 23.7 3,019 127.3 6.1 127.0 9.1 34. 6
W 4x 13 194 2,471 105.7 7.1 103.1 6.6 27. 4
ASEP Steel Handbook

-156-
Rolled Shapes 4-37
W SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties
Designation
rt I S I dxw
mm x10' x10' x10' xi 0'
mm4 mm3 mm mm4 mm 3
10,905 166.7 55.24 8,800 59.5 82.61 W5x 19

8,866 189,8 54,19 3,126 49,2 32,18 x 16
4,703 89.0 48,68 1,607 31.2 25.50 W4x 18
ASEP Steel Handbook

-157-
4-38 Ro.lled Shapes
S SHAPES
Dimensions
Propertie$
Designation Weight Aria Depth Thioknen Thiokness

dxw W
kg/m
A
mm2
H
mm mm
t..v bf
mm
~
mm
't
mm
S 24 x 121 180.7 22,968 622.3 20,3 204,5 27,7

x 106 158,3 20,129 622,3 15,7 199,9 27,7
S 24 x 100 148.7 18,903 609,6 18,9 184,0 22,1

994,'
x 90 134.5 17,097 609.6 15,9 161.0 22,1
x 60 119,2 609,6 22,1 936,!
15,161 12.7 177.6
674,(
S 20 x 96 143,1 19, 194 515,6 20,3 162,9 23,4
x 66 129.4 16,323 515,6 166 179,3 23.4 695,1
657,e
S 20x 75 111.6 14,194 509,0 16,1 162,2 20,2
x 66 506,0 12,9 156,9 20,2 532,7
99.4 12,516
495,3
S 18 x 70 104.5 13,290 457,2 19,1 158,8 17.6
395,4:
x 54,7 81.7 10,367 457.2 11.7 152.4 17.6
334,61
S 15x 50 74.6 9,484 381.0 140 143.3 15,8
x 42,9 2J2,21
63,9 9,129 361.0 10,4 139,7 15,6
166,0~
S 1.2x 50 74.6 9,464 304,8 17,4 139.1 16.7

126,ge
x 40,6 60,9 7,742 304.9 11.7 133,4 16,7
113,21
S 12 x 35 52.3 6,645 304,8 10.9 129.0 13,8
x 31.6 95,31
47.4 6,032 304,6 6,9 127,0 13,6
90,731
ASEP Steel Handbook

-158-
Rolled Shapes 4-39
4
I( = C _ I '
R( )
R'11
:Y k
S SHAPES
Dimensions
Properties Grip
x---:-_:,
,I
I
-:--11
w
k
y
1 b,
1
I Designation
rt
I S I S dxw
mm
x10' x10' x10' x10'
mm4 mm' mm 4 mm'
1,815,291 4,227,2 289,80 84,672 889,1 89,95 S 24 x 121

1,228,720 3,932,9 246,56 32,091 321,1 39,93 x 106
994,793 3,263,9 229,40 19,854 215,9 32,41 S 24 x 100

936,521 3,072,6 234,04 19,699 206.5 33,06 x 90
874,096 2,867,7 240,11 17,565 197,6 34,04 x 90
695,106 2,696,3 195,46 20,895 229,5 33,99 S 20 x 96

6~,646 2,551,0 200,72 19,490 217,3 34.55 x 96
532,776 :,097,5 193,74 12,404 152,9 29,56 S 20x 75

495,315 1,950,1 199,93 11,530 145,1 30,35 x 66
895,430 1,696,0 170, 10,031 126,3 27,47 S 19 x 70

334,650 1,463,9 179,4') 9,658 11 S,6 28,87 x 54,7
202,288 1,061,9 146,05 6,535 91,2 26,25 S 15 x 50

196,055 976,7 151, 29 5,994 958 27,15 x 42,9
126,951 933,0 115,70 6,535 94.0 26,25 S12x 50

113,215 742,9 120,93 5,661 94,9 27,04 x 40,9
95,317 625,4 119,77 4,109 63,7 24,96 S 12 x 35

90,739 595,4 122,65 3,896 61,4 25,41 x 31,9
ASEP Steel Handbook

-159-
4-40 Rolled Shapes
11f=- ~-":)
R( I
-l~1
_.
I
X----: ---x r d
S SHAPES
l~~~ --lJ
Dimensions
c<;pi - Properties
l-~l-J
Web lange
Desl~nation Weight Area Depth Thioknen Thickness
dxw W A H t.,., bf ~ rt
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm mm
S 10 x 35 52.3 6,645 254.0 15.1 1256 1.2.5 61,

x25,4 37,9 4,813 254,0 7,9 118.4 12,5 51,
S 8 x 28 34,4 4,368 203,2 112 105.9 10.9 27,

x 18,4 27,5 8,490 203,2 6,9 101.6 10,9 23,
S 7 x 20 29.8 3,794 177,9 11.4 98.0 10.0 17,

x 15,3 22,9 2,903 177.9 6,4 93,0 10,0 15,:
SSx17.25 25.7 3,271 152.4 11.9 90.S 9.1 10,1

x 12,5 19,6 2,369 152,4 5.9 84,6 9,1 9,
S 5 x 14,75 22.0 2,800 127.0 125 83.4 8.3 St~

x10 14.9 1,897 127,0 5.4 76,3 9,3 S,1
S 4 x 9,5 14,2 1,800 101.6 8.3 71.0 7,4 2,e

x 7,7 11.5 1,458 101.6 4,9 67,6 7,4 2,E
S 3 x 9.5 11.2 1,426 76.2 8.9 63,7 6.6 1,2

x 5,7 8,5 1,077 76.2 4.3 59,2 6,S 1,0
ASEP steel Handbook

-160-
Rolled Shapes 4-41
II t=-c::: II
R{ I
"11
-" k
S SHAPES
Dimensions
Proper~es Griri=--
I
x----'----X T
-:-Iw
I_~ _
-uk
d
U~
Duignation
rt I dxw
mm xi 03 xi 03
mm mm' mm3 mm
61,186 481.8 95.96 3,480 55.4 22.88 S 10 x 35
ei1,613 406.4 100.56 2,826 47.7 24.23 x 215.4
27,013 265.9 78.64 1,794 33.9 20.27 S 8x23

23,97ei 23M 82.98 1,553 30.6 21.09 x 19.4
17,648 198.5 69.::0 1,319 269 18.65 S 7 x20

1ei,276 171.9 72.154 1,099 236 19.46 x115.3
10,947 143.7 57.95 961 21.2 17.14 S6x17.25

9,199 120.7 62.33 758 17.9 17.99 x 12.5
6,327 99.6 47.54 695 16.7 15.75 S 5 x 14.75

5,120 90.6 51.95 509 13.8 16.86 x10
2,926 55.6 39.62 375 10.6 14.43 S 4 x 9.5

2,531 49.8 41.66 316 9.3 1472 x 7.7
1,220 32.0 29.25 246 7.7 1313 83 x 9.5

1,049 27.5 31.21 187 6.3 13.18 x 5.7
ASEP Steel Handbook

-161-
I
- -,
4-42 Rolled Shapes
CHANNELS
Dimensions
Properties
Desillnation Weight Area Depth .:,i"
dxw W A H bf
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm x
C 15 x 50 74.6 9,484 381.0 18.2 94.4 20.27

x 40 59.9 7,613 381,0 13,2 89,4 19,7~
x 33.9 50.5 6,426 381.0 . 10.2 86.4 .19,96
C 12 x 30 44.8 5,690 304,8 13,0 60,5 12,7 17,12

x25 37.3 4,742 304,8 9,8 n4 1a7 17,12
x 20.7 309 3,929 304.8 7.2 747 12.7 17,73
C 10 x 30 44,8 5,690 254,0 17.1 no 11.1 16.48

x 25 37.3 4,742 254.0 13.., 73.3 11.1 15.67
x 20 29,8 3,794 254,0 9,6 69,6 11.1 15,39
x 15,3 22,8 2,897 254.0 6,1 66,0 11.1 16,10
C9x20 29.8 3,79~ 228.( 11.4 67.3 14,91

x15 22,4 2,845 228,6 7,2 63,1 14,98
x 13.4 20.0 2,542 229.6 5,S 61.9 15,~7
C 8 x 1.8,75 28,0 3,555 203,2 12.4 64,2 . 14,35

x 13,75 20.5 2,606 203,2 7,7 59,5 14,05
x 11,5 17.2 2,181 203,2 5,6 57,4 14,50
C7x14,75 220 2,794 177.8 10,6 58,4 13,51

x 12,25 18.3 2,323 177.8 8.ll 55.7 13,34
x 9,8 14,6 1,852 177.8 5,3 53,1 1:1,72
ASEP Steel Handbook

-162-
Rolled Shapes 4-43
- y
q~'=n
f
Rfl
-
-
k
CHANNELS
DimensiCJr's
Propertin
':~t!11
Gr ip.i=:--
I
~:=--=.::J
---
k
e9U~-l
, ilokness Designation
dxvv
~
mm x x103 x10 3
mm mm4 mm mm4 m mm
20,27 168,157 882,7 133,16 4,579 625 21.97 C 15 x 50

19,74 145,265 762,5 138,13 3,842 55,8 22,46 x 40
19,99 131,113 688,3 142,84 3,384 51.6 2295 x 33,9
12,7 17,12 67,429 442,4 108,86 2,139 34,1 19,39 C 12 x 30

12,7 17,12 5~,,~37 393,3 112,43 1,861 31.2 19,81 x 25
12,7 17,73 53,694 352,3 116,90 1,615 28,7 20,27 x 20,7
11.1 16,48 42,872 337,6 86,80 1,640 274 16,98 C 10 x 30

11.1 15,67 37,960 298,9 89.47 1,399 24,6 17,18 x 25
11.1 15,:39 ' 32,841 258,6 93.04 1,170 21.8 17.56 x 20
11,1 16,10 28,054 220,9 98.41 949 19,2 19,10 x 15,3
10,5 14,81 25,348 221.9 81.74 1,007 19,4 16,29 C 9 x 20

10,5 14,88 21,228 185,7 86,:38 803 16,9 16,80 x15
10,5 15,27 19,937 174,4 88,56 733 15,9 16,98 x 13,4
9,9 14,35 18,314 1eo,3 71,77 824 16,7 15,22 C 8 x 18,75

9,9 14,05 15,026 147,9 7593 637 14,2 15,63 x 13,75
9,9 14,50 13,569 133,6 78,88 549 13,0 15,87 x 11,5
9,3 1:3.51 11,321 127,3 63,65 574 12,9 14,33 C 7 x 14,75

9,3 13,34 10,073 113,3 65,85 487 11,6 14.48 x 12,25
9,3 13,1'2 8,866 99,7 69,19 404 10,4 14,77 x 9,8
ASEP Steel Handbook

-163-
!
4-44 Rolled Shapes
il
- y
~
111= : ~
x- - _1- - - - xT d
Grip
w
t - -:1
~==--...:J
-.j
___
k
1 CHANt-.E'LS
DimE'nsiona
Properties
eJ~_J
Web FI Fillnge
DlSlgnlltion Weight Area Depth Thickness Width Thlckne ..
dxw W A H t,. be ~
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm mm
C 6 x 13 19,4 2,471 152.4 11,1 54,8 8,7 13.06

x 10,~ 1~, 7 1,994 1~2.4 6,0 51,7 6,7 12,67
x 6,2 122 1,548 152,4 5,1 48,8 8,7 1298
C ~x 9 . 13,4 1,703 127,0 6,3 47,9 6,1 12.14

x6,7 10,0 1,271 127,0 4,6 44,5 9,1 12.29
C 4 x 7,2~ 1M 1,374 101,6 9,2 43,7 7,~ 11.66

x ~,4 e,1 1,026 101.6 4,7 40,2 7,~ 11.61
C3x 6 6,9 1,135 76,2 9,0 40,5 6,9 11,~6

x ~ 7,5 948 76,2 6,6 3e,0 6,9 11,13
x 4,1 6,1 781 76,2 4,3 35,6 6,9 11,07
ASEP Steel Handbook

-164-
Rolled Shapes 4-45
x- -
~
- y
1(;=="Rl-! '.
1
_1- - - -
=n xT d
CHANNELS
Dimensions Iw' - i lk I
Pr-,pertles Grip,t==t'.':::i== 2J
e~!L~-l
;:Iang.
,iokness D.slgna~on
I dxw
~
mm x1Q3 r
8.7 1S.06 7,242 95.0 54.14 437 10.6 1 :3.30 C 6 x 13

8.7 12,67 6,327 83.0 56.33 362 9,4 13.47 x 10.5
8.7 12.98 5,453 71.6 59.35 287 8.1 13.62 x 8.2

8.1 12.14 3,704 58,3 262 7,4 12.40 C5x 9
8.1 12.29 3,118 49,1 200 6,3 12.54 x 6,7
7,~ 11.66 1,911 37,6 37,29 179 5,6 11.41 C4x7,25

7,~ 11. 61 1,602 31.5 39,51 133 4.7 11. 39 x5,4
6,9 11.~6 862 22.6 27,56 125 4.4 10,49 C3x 6

6,9 11.13 770 20,2 28,50 104 3.9 10,47 x5
5,9 11.07 691 18.1 29,74 83 3.4 10.31 x 4.1
ASEP Steel Handbook

-165-
4-46 Rolled Shapes
'" r---y-----1
b,
'I '=1f
"."--t..-+-------
x-------::,.x -~ 'I:dl
,.
_,_,1-
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimensions
' ,
,
Properties
~ --"",. ...... _---;
y Cut from W Shapes
Web
Deslgnetlon Weight Area Depth Thlokness
dxw W A H tw
WT 18 x 179,5 267.4 34,000 475.0 28,4 424,9 51.1 ,347

x 164 244,6 31,097 470,9 25,9 422,4 47,0 ,912
x 150 223,8 28,452 466,6 24,0 423,0 427 . 511,965
x 140 209.1 26,581 463,8 225 421.5 39,9 ,504
x 130 193,8 24,645 460,5 21.3 420.4 3ae ,20e
x 122,5 192,7 23,226 456,2 2O,3 419.4 34,3 414,1eO
x 115 171,5 21,806 455.8 19,3 418,3 320 . 300,760
WT 18 x 128 191,3 24,323 475,<. 24,4 310,3 43.9

x 116 173.0 22,000 471.4 22.1 307,8 39,9
x 105 156.8 19,935 466,9 21,1 31>9.4 34,5 '
x 97 144,6 18,397 463,3 Hl,4 307,7 320 '.
x 91 136.0 17,290 461.5 ~9.4 306,7 30,0
x 95 126,9 16,129 459,2 17.3 305,6 27,9 .
x 90 119,2 15,161 457,2 113.5 304,9 2e,9 .
x 75 112,1 14,258 455,2 15,9 304,2 23.9
x 67.5 101,0 12,939 451.4 15,2 303.5 20,1
WT16,5x 177 264.4 33,613 ,;51.4 29,5 408,9 53,1 . 549,425

x 159 237.0 80,129 446.5 26.4 406,0 4QO ' ,829
x 145,5 217,2 27,613 442,5 24.4 404,0 43,9 ,043
x 131 ,e 196.4 24,969 438,4 221 401,4 39,9 ,506
x 120.5 179.6 22,939 434.1 21.1 402,9 35,S 538
x 110,5 164,9 20,969 430,9 19,7 401.4 324 ' 3:32,e69
x 100,5 149,7 19,032 427,7 19,2 399,9 29,2 '. 301,769
ASEP Steel Handbook

-166-
Rolled Shapes 4-47
I~
tft- ": :::iTt
STRUCTURAL TEES X--~ : ___ ~I
I d
Dimensions
Properties
Cut from W Shapes
-i-,
y
Iw
-1
Designation
tf S I S dxw
mm xi 03 r y xi 03 xi 03 r
3 4 3
mm mm mm mm mm mm
51.1 624,347 1,710,5 135,51 1OS,98 327,158 1,539,9 98,09 WT 18 x 179,5
47,0 581,912 1,543,8 134,42 106.93 295,941 1,401.2 97,55 x 164
42.7 511,965 1,415,5 134,14 104,90 269,718 1,275,3 97,36 x 150
39,9 474,504 1,316,5 138,61 , ')3,38 249,323 1,183,0 96,85 x 140
36.6 441,205 1,233,7 138,80 102,87 226,846 1,079,2 95,94 x 130
34,3 414,150 1,163,8 133 53 102,36 211,029 1,006,3 95.32 x 122,5
32.0 398,760 1,098,0 133,52 101,85 1!?5,629 935,4 94,72 x 115
43,9 499,478 1,426,0 143,30 124,97 109,885 708,3 67,21 WT 19 x 128
39,9 449,530 1,298,1 142,94 122,43 97,398 632,9 66,54 x 116
34,5 409,938 1,198,3 143.41 123,70 95,744 554,3 65,59 x 105
32.0 37M25 1,099,6 142,92 121,92 77,935 505,9 65,06 x 97
30.0 351,716 1,033,4 142,63 121 ,16 72,424 472,3 64,72 x 91
27,9 327,158 964,8 142,42 120,14 66,597 435,8 64.26 x 85
25.9 309,011 914,5 142,53 120,40 61,196 401,5 63,53 x 90
23.9 290,530 870,5 142,75 121,41 56,191 369.4 6278 x 75
20.1 '265,139 914,9 143,70 125,98 47,034 3OS,9 60,53 x 67,5
53.1 ' 549,425 1,589,3 127,85 105,66 303,433 1,484,1 95,01 WT 16,5 x 177
4QO 492,828 1,401.8 126,59 102,11 268,469 1,322,5 94.40 x 159
43,9 437,043 1,276,4 125,81 100,08 241,930 1,197,2 93,58 x 145.5
39.9 392,506 1,151.5 125.39 97,54 215,192 1,072,2 92,84 x 131,5
35,6 382,539 1,078,0 125,99 97,79 193,964 963,1 92,16 x 120,5
32.4 332,569 995,7 125.94 96.77 174,017 971,0 91,31 x 110,5
29.2 301,768 909,7 125,92 96.01 156,087 780,6 90,56 x 100,5
ASEP Steel Handbook

167
I
4-48 Rolled Shapes
bl
r y I
'~~1=31
x--~ ---x-l :
I d
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimensions
i-,
y
tw
-1 Properties
Cut from W Shapes
I
Designation Weight Area Depth Thickness Width
dxw W A H Iw bf
kg/m mm z mm mm
WT 16.5 x 84.5 125.8 16,000 429.5 17.0 .1

x 76 113.7 14,452 425.2 16. 1 293.8
x 70.5 105.5 13,419 422.9 15.4 293.0
x 65 97.4 12,387 420.1 14.7 292.4
x 69 87.8 11,161 417.3 14.0 291.6
WT 15 x 117.5 175.1 22,258 397.5 21.1 382.4 2SO,54C

x 105.5 157.3 20,000 392.9 19.7 383.7 253,901
x 95.5 142,6 18,129 389.6 18.0 382.0 228,511
x 86.5 128.9 16,387 386.6 16.6 380.6 206,867
WT15x 74 110,1 14,000 389,4 16.5 266,2 93,964

x 66 98.4 12,516 384.8 15.6 267.8 175,233
x 62 92.4 11,742 383.0 14.9 267.1 164,828
x 58 66.8 11,032 381.0 14.4 266,6 155,254
x 54 80.7 10,258 378.7 13.8 266.1 45,265
x 49.5 73.6 9,355 376.4 13.2 265.4
WT13.5x 108.5 161.9 20,581 360.9 21.1 358.5 ; 200,948

x 97 144.6 18,387 358.9 19.1 358.5 .184,807
x 89 132.4 16,839 353,1 18.4 357.8 72,320
x 80.5 120,3 15,290 35Q.3 16.8 356,1 1501,838
x 73 109.1 13,871 347.7 15.4 354.7
ASEP Steel Handbook

-168-
Rolled Shapes 4-49
b,
~
tip": ~
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimensions '--"j: .--,-1
I d
Properties
C: It from W ShepGs
-i- --1
,
Iw
Deslgnetion
S I S dxw
mm x103 y x103 x10 3
mm3 mm mm mm4 mm3 mm
270,134 837.4 129.94 106.93 64,516 441. 7 6S50 WT 16.5 x 84.5

2<16,409 7n.3 1SO.~9 109.20 56,607 39M 62.59 x 76
229,760 731.8 1SO. 85 108.97 51,196 3495 61.77 x 70.5
213,527 690.2 131.29 110.74 45,369 310.3 60.52 x 65
1~,21 3 642.6 182.2~ 113.54 38,9~9 267.2 59.08 x 59
290,540 900.1 112.27 96.87 1n,731 929.6 99.36 WT15x117.5

2~,901 929.2 112.67 96.36 1~,335 920.1 99.69 x 105.5
229,511 750.3 112.27 95.09 139,954 782.2 97.93 x 95.5
206,967 693.9 112.36 94.07 124,453 654.0 97.15 x 96.5
, 30.0 193,964 664.6 117.71 97.54 47,034 353.4 57.96 WT15x 74

254 175,233 613.2 119.32 99.06 40,791 304.6 57.09 x 66
23.8 164,928 590.4 119.48 99.06 37,627 281.7 56.61 x 62
21.6 1~,254 552.7 119.63 100.09 34,173 256.4 55.66 x 59
19.3 145,265 524.7 119.00 101.85 30,395 229.4 54.42 x 54
17.0 134,027 491.8 119.69 100.89 26,597 200.4 53.32 x 49.5
200,949 741.1 100.76 78.99 146,513 817.4 94.37 WT 13.5 x 108.5

184,807 519.0 100.25 79.76 128,616 721.5 83.64 x 97
l 172,320 6~.3 101.16 77.47 115,712 646.9 92.90 x 99
1 1~,939 564.4 100.63 75.95 100,225 579.8 92.17 x 90.5
7 139,854 512.7 100.41 74.93 92,403 521.0 91.62 x 73
ASEP Steel Handbook

-169-
I
4-50 Rolled Shapes
I y
tfF R 1
:
x- -- 1 STRUCTURAL TEES
1
- I - tw
Dimensions
1
Properties
,1 Cut from W Shapes
y
Designation Weight Area Depth

dxw W A H t\ll
kg/m mm z mm mm
WT13.5x 64,5 95,9 12,194 850,8 15,5 254,8

85,8 448
x 57 10,9:39 846,7 14,5 255.9
x 51 75,1 844,2 18,1 254.4 20,291
9,677
x 47 70,0 8,908 841.9 12,4 258,7 07,888
258,0 99,479
x 42 52,9 9,000 :3:39, 1 11.7
89,906
WT12x 88 180,9 16,646 820,5 19,1 827.4
:329,1 32,778
x 91 121.8 15,419 817,5 17.9
x 78 109,1 18,97"1 :314,2 827,7 21,956
16.5
x 65,5 97,9 810,9 . 5,4 09,995
12,452 826.5
59,5 97,:3 99,058
x 11,097 808,1 14,0 :325,1
89,241 '
x 52 77.6 9,971 :30M 12,7 :32:3.9
79,668
WT12x 51.5 76,6 9,742 811,4 14,0 228,6
70,0 94,911
x 47 9,90:3 :308,9 1:3, 1 2:30,,:3
x 42 62,9 806,1 11,9 229,1 77,419
8,000
x 88 56,8 7,226 808,8 11.2 228,8 69,094
x :34 50,7 10,5 227,7 ' 62,851
6,452 301,2
57,024
WT12x 81 46,2 5,877 801.5 '10,9 178,8
x 27,5 41.1 5,226 299,2 10,0 177,9
ASEP Ste.el Handbook

-170-
Rolled Shapes 4-51
tl'f= ": -tki1

STRUCTURAL TEES
x--~j:----Z-l' dI
Dimensions
Properties
I
- I1-1 W 1
,I -_.
Cut /rom W Shapes y
Designation
tl dxw
mm
134,443 509.0 105.00 86.11 38,377 301.8 56.10 WT13.5x 64.5

120,291 462.9 105.35 86.87 33,049 258.4 55.22 x 57
107,388 415.3 105.34 95.60 28,970 227.8 54. 71 x 51
99,479 389.7 105.71 86.61 25,806 203.4 53.84 x 47
99,906 358.6 106.01 88.39 21,977 173.7 52.41 x 42
:. 132,778 529.1 89.31 69.60 99,896 610.2 77.47 WT12x 88

121,956 489.9 88.94 68.58 91,987 559.0 77.24 x 81
109,885 44M 89.01 67.56 81,165 495.4 76.49 x 73
99,063 406.7 89.19 67.31 70,759 433.4 75.38 x 65.5
e~241 365.3 89.17 66.55 62,018 381.5 74.76 x 58.5
7M69 328.1 89.27 65.79 54,110 334.1 74.04 x 52
. 94,911 361.4 93.36 76.45 24,849 217.4 50.50 WT 12x 51.5

I
77,419 332,4 93.25 75.95 22,685 197.0 50.49 x 47
69,094 299.6 9293 75.44 19,646 171.5 49.56 x 42
,. 6~851 276.2 S3.26 76..20 17,190 150.6 48.77 x 38
~7,024 255.1 94.01 77.72 14,651 128,7 47.65 x 34
255.3 96.32 87.89 7,159 90.1 34.90 WT12x 31

231.6 96.53 99.90 6,035 67.9 33.98 x 27.5
ASEP Steel Handbook

-171-
I
--
r
4-52 Rolled Shapes
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimensions
Properties
Cut from W Shapes
Web Flange
D8Slgna~on Weight Area Depth Thickness Width
dxw W A H tw bf
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm
WT10.5x 83 123.8 15,742 285.5 19.1 315.5 94,C

x 73.5 109.6 1:3, 935 290.2 18.3 317.8 84,9
x 66 98.4 12, 516 277.1 16.5 316.0 ,75,3
x 61 90.8 11,548 275.:3 15.2 314.7 '69,0
x 55.5 82.7 10,516 273.1 14.0 313.4 62,4
x 50.5' 75.6 9,613 271.3 12.7 312.2 . 56,1!
WT10.5x 46.5 69.5 8,839 274.6 14.7 213.9 .59,9:

x 41.5 61.9 7,871 272.0 1~.1 212.2 52,8!
x 36.5 54.3 6,903 269.7 11.6 210.7 45,71
x 34 50.7 6,452 268.2 10.9 210,1 42,8i
x 31 46. 3 5,890 268.4 10.2 209.3 . 39,O~
WT 10.5 x 28.5 42.5 5,4C0 267.5 10.3 166.5 37,6~

x 25 37,3 4,748 264,4 9,7 165.9 33,42
x 22 32.9 4,187 262.4 8.9 165.1 29,59
WT 9x 71.5 106.6 13,548 247.4 18.5 285.0 ,.59,10

x 65 96.9 12,323 244.13 17.0 283.5 52,86
x 59.5 88.8 11,290 240.8 16.6 286.1 '49,53:
x 53 79.2 10,064 237,7 15.0 284.5 43,281
x 4M 72,6 9,226 236.0 13.6 283,1 39,04:
x 43 64.5 8,194 233.4 12.2 281.7 34,29;
ASEP Steel Handbook

-172-
Rolled Shapes 4-53
bj
I
31
y
114== ";
STRUCTURAL TEES x--~ : ---x-1'
I d
Dimensions - I -I
Propertle$
Cut from W Shapes ,
y
I W
I
-1
Flange
Thickness Designation
~ dxw
mm y xi 0' xi 0'
mm mm mm 4 mm' mm
34,5 94,069 419,5 77.30 60,71 90,322 572,6 75,75 WT10,5x 93

29,2 94,911 398.9 7906 60,71 79,252 492,5 74,94 x 73,5
26.3 75,339 345,7 77.59 59,19 69,094 437,3 74,30 x 66
24,4 69,094 317,9 77.35 57,91 63,267 402,1 74,02 x 61
22.2 62,435 299,5 77.05 56,64 57,024 363,9 73,64 x 55,5
20,3 ~6,191 260,3 76.45 55,37 51,613 330.6 73,27 x 50,5
23,6 59,937 292,4 92,35 69,60 19,313 190.6 46,74 WT 10,5 x 46,51
21,2 ~:; 961 259,5 9~,35 67,56 16,941 159,7 46,39 x 41,5
18.8 45,795 224,9 91.44 6604 14,693 139,5 46,14 x 36,5
17,4 42,972 211. 9 91.52 65,79 13,496 129,'; 45,72 x 34
15,6 39,043 194,3 91.42 6553 11,946 114,2 45,04 x 31
16.5 37,627 192,9 93,47 72,39 6,369 76,5 34.34 WT10,5x 29,5
13.6 33,423 175.9 93,90 74.42 5,203 62,7 33,10 x 25
11.4 29,594 159,5 94,07 75,69 4,297 51.9 i 32,00 x 22
59,105 304,2 66,05 53,09 64,932 455,'i' ' 69,23 WT 9x 71.5

52,961 273,5 65,50 51,31 57,956 4092 69,52 x 65
1
49,532 261.9 66, 51.56 52,445 36(" IS 69,16 x 59,5
43,299 230,6 65.59 50,04 45,795 321.9 67,45 x 53
39,043 209,3 6:;,05 49,51 41,623 294,1 67,17 x 49,5
34,297 194,2 64,70 47,24 36,462 259,9 66,71 x 43
ASEP Steel Handbook

-173-
4-54 Rolled Shapes.
b
I-~---I
If~
-r-- =+--
-
RI I =t-t-l
-~
k'
STRUCTURAL TEES
x--- :1 ----x-1 d Dimensione
- \ -Iw
,1
'(
--J Properties
Cut from W Shapes
Web lang' Fill

Designation Weight Area Depth Thlokness Width Thl
dxw W A H Iw bf If
231,1 10,8 290,3 29,88

WT 9x 38 56,8 7,226
6,710 234.4 12,6 193,9 32,54
x 35,5 52,8
6,161 232,9 11.4 192,8 29,421
x 82.5 48.5
44,8 5,690 231.6 10.5 191.9 28,931
x 30
5,226 229,9 9,9 191.3 24,761
x 27,5 41.1
37,2 4,729 229,3 9,0 190,4 22,261
x 25
229,4 9,1 153,9 21,68~

WT 9x 23 34.4 4,369
29,9 3,794 227,3 9,0 152,9 1B,64,
x 20
26,1 3,323 224,8 7,6 152.4 16,691
x 17,5
74,6 9,4~4 215.4 14,9 264,9 31,967

WT 9x 50
x 44,5 66,5 8,452 212.9 133 263,3 27,971
38,5 57,3 7,290 209,8 11,6 261,5 23,684
x
33,5 49,9 6,349 207,3 10,t,) 260.0 20,229
x
28,5 42,5 5,406 208,5 10,9 180,9 20,270

WT 8x
37,4 4,755 206.5 9,/ 179,6 17,607
x 25
x 22,5 336 4,277 204,7 8,8 178,7 ,15,734
x 20 29,9 3,800 203,2 7,7 177.7 13,777
x 19 26.9 3,406 201.4 7,'!> 1i7.4 12,737
WT 8x 15,5 231 2,942 201.7 7,0 140,3 11,405

x 13 19,5 2,477 199,1 M 139,7 9,791
ASEP Steel Handbock

-174
T"'-'- - - - - - - - - -
Rolled Shapes 4-55
r----;-r =f;
11(-0.
L-
R~r
'
kr
y
eTAUCTUAAL TEES
Dimensions
Properties
Cut from W Shepes
'--l,:] ,
y
Flange
Thlokness Deslgne~on
I dxw
Ii
mm x103 xi 03 y xi 03 xi 03
mm4 mm3 mm m mm4 mm3 mm
17.3 29,A95 181.2 84,31 45,72 31,717 228.3 88,25 WT 9x 39

20.6 32,l549 193,9 89,85 57,40 12,529 129,2 43,21 x 35.5
19,1 29,429 188,2 89,11 55,98 11,405 119.3 4303 x 32,5
17.7 28,930 152,3 89,90 54,98 10,408 108,5 42,76 x 30
18,0 24,766 141. 5 69,94 54,96 9,365 97,9 42,33 x 27.5
14,15 22,269 127,6 69,82 153,95 9,325 97.4 41.96 x 25
15.4 21,696 127.4 70.46 59,19 4,703 61.1 32,81 WT 9x 23

13,3 19,647 110,2 70,11 59,17 3,975 52,0 32,37 x 20
10,8 18,891 101.1 70,97 80,71 3,192 41,9 30,99 x 17,5
31,967 197,3 59.06 44.70 39,751 292,7 63,92 WT 9x 50

27,971 184,9 57,53 43,18 33,840 257,0 63,28 x 44,5
23,884 140,6 57,00 41.40 28,803 220,3 82.86 x 38,5
20,229 120,7 51),45 39,62 24,766 190,5 62,46 x 33,5
20,270 127,3 61.23 49,28 9,991 99,5 40,79 WT 9x 29.5

17,607 111.1 60.95 49,01 7,742 96,2 40,35 x 25
15,734 99,9 60,65 47,24 8,928 76,4 39,95 x 22,5
13,777 97,6 60.21 45,97 5,994 67,5 39,72 x 20
12, 737 92,9 61.15 4775 M79 57,2 39,61 x 19
11,405 75,9 82,26 51.31 2,591 36,9 29,62 WT 9x 15,5

9,791 67.0 62,94 53,09 1,999 29,6 29,40 x 13
ASEP Steel Handbook

-175-
T

-

4-56 Rolled Shapes
b,
1,-1
"tc~r =+'1
R I
X----I----X-f
I
-.
d
Y
STRUCTURAL TEES
y
i, tw --1 Dimensions
Properties
Cut from W Shapes
Web Flange
Designation Weight Area Depth Thloknen Width
dxw W A H tw bl
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm
WT 7 x 265 543,0 284,7 78,0 ~07,e

69,032 454.4 1
x 332,5 496,3 63,097 274,8 71,9 449,3 11 259,E
x 302,5 451,1 57,355 265,7 65,9 442,3 105, 218,1
x 275 410,5 52,193 257,0 60,5 436,9 97,0 . 193,9
x 250 373,0 47,419 249.9 55,6 432,1 9aS . 156,0
x 227,5 339,5 43,161 241,6 51.2 427,6 91,5 133,6
x 213 317,7 40,387 237,0 47,6 424,1 77.1 119,4
x 199 296,9 37,742 232,4 45,0 421,4 72.3 . 106,9
x 195 276,1 35,097 227,6 42,0 419,5 67,6 " 9M
x 171 255,3 32,452 222,8 39,1 415,5 62. 7 I 94,4!
x 155.5 231.9 29,494 217,4 35,9 412,2 57.4 . 73,21
x 141,5 211,1 26,939 212,6 32.9 409,2 52.6' .63,61
x 128,5 191,8 24,387 208,0 29,8 406,3 4aO' 55,3!
x 116,5 173,5 22,064 203,7 27,2 403,6 43,7 48,21
x 105,5 157,3 199,6 24,9 39,6 . 42,4~
20,000 401.3
x 96,5 . 37,3i
144,1 18,323 196,6 22,6 399,0 36.5
x 88 131.4 16,710 198,3 21,1 397,5 33, 33,5C
x 79,5 119,7 15,097 190,2 19,9 395,4 30.2 29,21
x 72,5 109,1 13,742 197,7 17,3 393,7 27,7 ,26,01
WT 7x 66 99,4 12,516 196,2 16,4 374,0 ' .24,OS

3]2,6 ,". 21,51
x 60 99,9 11,419 183,9 15.0
x 54,5 81,2 10,323 181,9 13,3 371.0 18,85
x 49,5 74,1 9,419 179,9 12,3 370,0 17,02
x 45 67,0 . 15,15
9,516 179,1 11.2 368,9
ASEP Steel Handbook

-176-
Rolled Shapes 4-57
r~1
STRUC1URAL TEES ',j~~r,~l[
Dimensions
Proper~es
Cut from W Shapes
-i,
y
lw
-1
Flange
Designation
Thlokness
I 8 dm
tf
r y xi 03 xi 03
mm
mm mm mm 4 mm3 mm
307,595 1584.6 66.75 88.14 982,306 4323.5 119.29 WT 7 x 265

124.7
258,896 1346.5 64.06 92.55 865,761 3962.4 117.14 x 332.5
1, 14.9
218,105 1158.8 61.67 77.47 765,866 3463.1 115.56 x 302.5
105.7
183,974 996.3 5:1.37 72.39 678,457 3105.8 114.01 x 275
x 250 /
97.0
156,087 861.9 57.37 67.92 599,373 2774.2 112.43
89.9
133,610 751.5 55.6~ 63.75 532,776 2491. 9 111.10 x 227.5
81.5
119,458 678.7 54.39 60.96 491,153 2316.2 110.28 x 213
77.1
106,971 614.8 53.24 58.42 453,692 2153.3 109.64 x 199
72.3
95,317 554.3 52.11 55.63 413,734 1977. 2 109.57 x 185
67.6
84,495 498.0 51.03 53.09 375,857 1809.2 107.62 x 171
62.7
73,257 437.7 49.85 50.04 335,899 1629.8 106.74 x 155.5
57.4
63,683 395.1 48.71 47.24 300,519 1468.8 105.82 x 141.5
52.6
55,359 338.4 47.64 44.45 268,469 1321.5 104.92 x 128.5
48.0
48,283 298.4 46.78 4UI1 239,749 1188.1 104.24 x116.5
43.7
42,456 265.7 46.07 39.88 213,527 1064.2 103.33 x 105.5
39.6
37,378 235.4 45.17 37.85 193,964 972.3 102.89 x 96.5
36.8
33,507 213.5 41, 78 36.32 174,401 877.5 102.16 x 88
33.3
29,219 187.4 43.99 34.29 i 55,671 787.4 101. 54 x 79.5
30.2
26,014 167.9 43.51 32.77 140,686 714.7 101.18 x 72.5
27.7
24,058 1'SU.8 43.84 32.77 i 14,047 609.9 95.46 WT 7x 66
21,519 141.2 43.41 31.50 102,809 551.8 94.89 x 60
18,855 123.1 42.74 29.72 92,820 500.4 94.82 x 54.5
17,024 112.8 42.51 28.96 83,663 452.2 94.25 x 49.5
15,151 100.8 42.18 27.69 75,338 408.6 94.06 x 45
ASEP Steel Handbook

177
4-58 Rolled Shapes
STAUGTURAL TEES
Dimensions
Properti",
Cut from W Shapes
Web Fla.nge
Designation Weight Area Depth Thlokness Width
dxw W A H tw br
kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm
WT 7x 41 60,9 7,742 181.6 1(3,0 257,(3

x 37 55,3 7,032 179,9 11.4 255.9
x 34 50,7 6,445 179,3 10,5 254,9
x 30,5 45,5 5,781 1763 9,5 253,9
WT 7x 26,5 39,6 5,039 1769 9,4 204,7

x 24 35,9 4,561 175,0 8,6 204,0 11,491
x 21.5 32,0 4,071 173.5 7,7 203,1 10,36,
9,11 i
WT 7x 19 , 28,3 3,600 179,1 7,9 172,0
x 17 25,4 3,226 177.5 72 171,3 9,691
x 15 224 2,952 175,9 6,9 170,9 e,69~
7,901
WT 7x 13 19,5 2,484 176,5 6,5 127,6
x 11 16.5 2,097 174,5 5,9 127,0 7,201
e,1eC
WT 6 x 168 250,7 31,871 213,6 45,1 340.0 75,1
x 152,5 227,3 213,903 207,3 41.3 1336,2 69,7, 79,09~
x 139,5 208,1 26,452 201.2 38,9 333,9 62,7 67,425
x 126 187,8 23,871 195,6 35.4 330,3 57, ' 5~ee5
x 115
x 105
172,0
156.8
21,971
19,935
191.
19B,7
32,6
30,0
327,5
324,9
526
493
50,~e4
44,121
x 95 1416 18,000 18~,S 26,9 321.8 44,1 39,335
x 95 126.9 16,129 178,1 24.4 319,3 39,6 32,992
x 76 113,7 14,452 174,0 22,1 317,0 3M ,29,220
24,350
ASEP St~el Handbook

-178-
Rolled Shapes 4-59
I~I
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimenaionli
Properlles
CuI from WShapes
"~~rJ ,
'(
Desillnation
If
I dx#
mm
xi 03 r y xi 03 xi 03 r
3
mm mm mm mm4 mm 3 mm
17,149 117,2 47,06 35,31 30,884 240,1 63,16 WT 7x 41

14,984 102,4 46,16 33,53 27,846 217,7 62,98 x 37
13, (,"69 93.2 45,88 32,77 25,265 198,2 62,61 x 34
12,029 83.2 45,62 31,75 22,352 176,1 62,19 ,x 30,5
11,489 91,1 47,75 35,05 11,997 117,1 49,77 WT 7x 26,5

10,364 73,7 t;7,67 3429 10,697 104,9 48,43 x 24
9,115 65,0 47,32 33,27 9,407 92,6 49,07 x 21,5
9,698 69,3 51,90 39,12 5,536 64,4 39,21 WT 7x 19

9,699 62,7 51.93 39,96 4,970 56,9 39,95 x 17
7,909 59,3 52,66 40,13 4,075 47,7 37,90 x 15
7,201 54,2 53,84 43.69 1,852 29,0 27,31 WT 7x 13

6,160 47,5 54,20 44,70 1,457 22,9 26,36 x 11
79,084 510.4 49,91 58,67 246,825 1451.9 88,00 WT 6 x 168

67,429 442,5 49,30 54,96 219,521 1299,9 96,95 x 152,5
.'. 5~699 393,6 47,10 52,07 195,213 1169,6 85,91 x 139,5
)
50,364 343,1 4E,93 48,77 172,320 1043.4 8496 x 126
44,121 304,7 4491 46,23 154,422 943.0 94,03 x 115
l
39,335 269,1 43.95 43,69 139,199 950,7 93.26 x 105
3
32,882 232.4 42.74 41,15 122,788 763,1 82,59 x 95
3
,29,220 202,4 41,93 39,61 107,904 675,3 91,75 x 95
J
24,350 176.9 41.05 36,32 94,495 596,1 90,86 x 76
ASEP Steel Handbook

-179-
4-60 Rolled Shapes
I~I
tlF ,; =trt-r
,"~: --,-JI d
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimensions
-i-,
y
tw
-1 Properties
Cut from W Shapes
Web FIMge
Designation Weight Area Depth Thiokm~S$ Width
dxw W A H tw bl II
2 mm mm mm mm
kg/m mm
WT 6x 69 101.5 12,903 170,2 20,1 315,0 31,8 21,01

x 60 99,3 11,355 166.6 19,0 312,9 28,1 l8,O!
x 53 79,2 10,064 163,6 15,5 310.4 25,1 15,1 (
x 49 71.6 9,097 161,3 14,0 309,9 22.9 13,31
x 43,5 65,0 9,259 159,0 13,1 309.0 20,6 12,0~
WT 6x 39,5 59,9 7,494 157,2 11.9 306,9 1B7 10,73

x 36 53,9 6,939 155,7 10,9 305.9 17,0 9,65
x 32,5 49.4 6,155 153,9 9,9 304,9 15.4 9,57
WT 6x 29 43,2 5,497 154,7 9,1 254,3 7,95

x 26,5 39,5 5,019 153,2 9,9 253.9 7,36
WT 6x 25 37,2 4,735 154,7 9,4 205,2 7,79,

x 22,5 ( 33,5 4,265 153,2 9,5 204,3 6,901
x 20 29,9 3,900 151.6 7,5 200,3 5,99-
WT 6x 17,5 26,2 3,335 159,9 7,6 166,6 e.s6(

x 15 22,3 2,939 156,7 6,6 165,6 5,611
x 13 19.4 2,465 155,2 5,9 164,9 4,97(
WT 6x 11 16,4 2,090 156,2 6,6 102,4 4,97C

x 9,5 14,2 1,900 154,4 6,0 101,7 4,20~
x ,9 12,0 1,523 152,1 5,6 101.3 3.621
x 7 10,6 1,342 151,1 5,1 100,9 3,192
ASEP Steel Handbook

-180-
Rolled Shapes 4-61
bl
I y I
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimensions
Properties
,2f-,-r,
IfP=;: =~
-i- -1 Iw
Cut from W Shapes ,
y
Flange
t, I S dxW
min r y x103 x103
mm mm mm4 mm3 mm
:31.8 21,061 155.0 40.40 :34.29 82, 8:30 525.9 80.12 WT 6x 68

29.1 19,064 1:34.7 39.99 32.51 71,592 457.6 79.40 x 60
25.1 15,109 11:3.:3 :38.75 30.2:3 62,851 405.0 79.0:3 x 53
22.9 1:3,:319 100.5 38.26 28.70 56,191 363.8 78.59 x 48
20.6 1~029 91.9 39.17 27.94 49,949 324.3 77.77 x 43.5
18.7 10,739 92.4 37.98 26.92 44,953 293.0 77.50 WT 6x 39.5

17.0 9,657 74.4 37.59 25.91 40,593 265.4 77.03 x 36
15.4 9,574 66.5 37.32 25.02 36,295 239.2 76.79 x 32.5
7,950 61.9 39.03 26.16 22,269 175.1 63,65 WT 6x 29

7,367 57.9 39.31 25.91 19,937 1!'7. 0 63.03 x 26.5
7,784 62.:3 40.55 29.72 11,738 114.4 49.79 WT 6x 25

6,909 555 40.25 29.70 10,406 101.9 49.39 x 22.5
5,994 43.3 39.72 27.4:3 9,157 90.1 49.09 x 20
6,660 53.0 4'!.69 '33.02 5,079 61.0 39.02 WT 6x 17.5

5,619 45.1 44.49 82.26 4,246 51.3 39.67 x 15
4,870 39.5 44.45 .31.75 3,605 43.8 39.24 x 13
4,870 42.4 49.27 41.40 970 19.9 21.54 WT 6x 11

4,204 :37.4 48.33 41.91 78:3 15.4 20.86 x 9.5
3,621 33,5 49,76 44,20 597 11.6 19.63 x 9
3,192 30.0 49,77 44,70 491 9.7 19,13 x 7
ASEP Steel Handbook

-181-
--
!
4-62 Rolled Shapes
r,~--l
"Fl~~tr
x--~ :----x-r
I d
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimensions
--1
-: -tw
,
y
Properties
Cut /rom W Shapes
Designation Weight Area Depth Thlokneu Width

dxw W A H tw bf
kg/m mm z mm mm mm mm
WT 5x 56 83,7 10,645 144,3 19,2 264,5 11,9(

x 50 74,6 9,494 141,0 17.3 262,6 10,H
x 44 65,5 9,823 137,7 15.4 260,7 ,
eS!:
x 38,5 57,3 7,290 134,6 13,5 259,8 7,2;:
x 34 50,7 6,445 132,1 11,9 257,:;: 6,2C
x 30 44,9 5,690 129,9 10,7 256.0 5,36
x 27 40,1 5,103 128,0 9,4 254,8 4,62
x 24,5 36.6 4,652 126,7 9,6 254,0 4,16
WT 5x 22,~ 33,6 4,277 128,31 8,9 203,7 4,24

x 19,5 29,1 3,697 126.0 9,0 202,9 3,67
x 16.5 24,6 3,129 123,4 7,4 202,2 3,20:
WT 5x 15 224 2,852 132,8 7,6 147,6 3,86:

19,3 2,459 131,1 6,6 146.6 .,3,27:
x 13
x 11 16,4 2,090 129,0 6,1 146,1 2,86-
WT 5x 9,5 14,3 1,913 130,0 6,4 102,1 2,79(

x 8,5 127 1,613 128,3 6,1 101.9 2,52~
x 7,5 11,2 1,426 126,7 5,8 101.6 ' 2,26E
x 6 9,0 1,142 125,2 4,8 100.6 1,911
WT 4x 33,5 49,9 6,348 114,3 14,5 210,3 4,537

x 29 43,4 5,516 111,,3 13,0 209,8 3,796
x 24 35,8 4,549 109,0 10,2 206.0 2,951
ASEP Steel Handbook

-182-
Rolled Shapes 4-63
bl
1 y 1
c::---'C ~
1--
IlL- -, k
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimensions
"j:'l --,J d
Properties -"~
'I W
J
Cut from W Shapes '
y
.
Designation
i dY::w
mm r xi 03 xi 03
31.8 11,904 104.8 33.44 30.73 49,115 371.4 67.93 WT 5x 56

2Q<1 10,198 90.9 82.79 28.70 42,972 326.5 67.23 x 50
25.1 8,658 78.2 32.25 26,92 37,169 295.1 66,83 x 44
0.0 7,242 66,2 31.52 25.15 31,967 247.0 66,22 x 38,5
19.6 6,202 57.2 31.02 23.67 27,904 216.1 65.69 x 34
17.3 5,369 50.0 30.72 22,45 24,193 189.9 65.19 x 30
15.6 4,620 43.3 30,09 21.23 21,519 169,9 64.94 x 27
1<1.2 <1,162 39.2 29.91 20.50 19,439 153.1 64.64 x 24.5
4,246 40.3 31.51 23.04 11,113 109,1 50.97 WT 5x 22.5

3,679 35.5 31.55 22.25 9,365 92,4 50.33 x 19.5
3,209 31.7 32.02 22.07 7,617 75.3 49.34 x 16.5
3,B63 36,8 36.80 27.94 3,476 47.1 34.91 WT 5x 15

3,:272 31.4 3(:),49 26.92 2,934 40.0 34.55 x 13
2,864 28,1 37,02 27.18 2,377 32.5 33,72 x 11
2,790 28.5 3~.16 32.51 895 17.5 22,22 WT 5x 9.5

2,522 26.6 39.54 33.53 741 14,5 21.43 x 8,5
. 2,268 24. 7 39,89 34.80 604 11.9 20,58 x 7.5
1,911 20.0 39.82 3454 454 9,0 19,94 x 6
4,537 50,1 26.73 23,77 18,439 175,4 53,90 WT 4x 33,5

3,796 42.6 26.23 22.20 15,609 149.5 53.20 x 29
2,951 32.3 25.04 19.74 12,695 123.3 52.93 x 24
ASEP Steel Handbook

-183-
4-64 Rolled Shapes
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimensions
Properties
Cut from W Shapes
~--------~------~------r-----~~We~b~~~~~~
Designation Weight Area Dept" Thickness

dxw W A H tw bf
kgjm mm 2 mm mm mm
WT 4x 20 29,8 3,787 104,9 9,1 205,0

2,SE
x 17,5 26,1 3,316 103,1 7,9 203,7
2,QC
x 15,5 23,1 2,942 101,6 7,2 203,1
1,7E
WT 4x 14 20,9 2,658 102,4 7,2 166.0
1,~
x 12 19,0 2,294 . 100,6 6,2 165,0
1,46
WT 4x 10,5 15.6 1,997 105,2 6,4 133,9
1,62
x 9 13.3 1,697 103,4 5,9 133,4
1,41 i
WT 4x 7,5 11.3 1,432 102,9 6,2 102,0
1,36l
x 6,5 9,7 1,239 101,3 5,8 101.6
1,20(
x 5 7,5 955 100,1 4,3 100,1
8ll!
WT Sx 12,5 18,6 2,369 81.0 8,1 154,4
946
x 10 14,9 1,897 78,; 6,6 152,9
5,8 152,1
73::
x 7,5 11.2 1,426 75,9
587
wT 3x 8 12,0 1,529 79,8 6,6 102,4
703
x 6 9,0 1,148 76,5 5,8 101,6
549
x 4,5 6,8 865 74,9 4,3 100,1
395
WT 25 x 9,5 14. 1 1,787 65,3 69 127,8
420
x 8 11.9 1,510 63,5 6,1 127,0
350
WT 2x 6,5 9,7 52,8 7,1
ASEP steel Handbook

-184-
- ----------.
-- . .
...---------------~------.-- .
Joo
Rolled Shapes 4-65
bl
I y
, I
IfF I
STRUCTURAL TEES
Dimensions
X ---
R' I
I
I
__ -xtll d
- I tw
Properties
CuI from W Shapes y
I
,
I
-l
Flange
If I ~
mm r y x103 x10 3
mm~ m
2,395 27,7 25.10 18,67 10,198 99.5 51.89 WT 4x 20

2,002 23.4 24,57 17.49 9,OOe 97,0 51,71 x 17,5
1,781 21.0 24.60 16.04 7,700 75,9 51.16 x 15,5 I
1,756 21,0 25,70 19,64 4,495 54.2 41.12 WT 4x 14
1,469 17,7 25,36 17,65 3,904 46,1 40,91 x 12
l 1,623 19,3 29,59 21,11 2,035 30,4 32,00 WT 4x 1Q.5

.4 1,419 17,3 29,92 21,19 1,657 24.9 31,25 x 9
0 1,365 17,6 30,97 25,35 709 13,9 22.24 WT 4x 7,5

[6
1,203 16,0 31.16 26,16 570 11.2 21.45 x 6,5
,1 995 11.8 80.61 24,21 437 8,7 21,39 x 5
4 949 14,5 20.02 15.49 3,550 46.0 39,72 WT 3x 12,5

'.9 733 11.4 19.66 14,22 2,764 36.2 38,17 x 10
1 597 9,5 20,29 14.17 1,940 25,5 36.98 x 7,5
.4 703 11.2 21.44 17.17 920 19,0 24.53 WT 3x 8

.6 549 9,3 21.87 17.20 624 12,3 23,31 x 6
), 1 395 6,7 21.37 15.92 459 9,2 23,01 x 4,5
7.8 420 7,9 15,33 12.37 1,898 29.7 32.59 WT 2.5x 9,5
1,0 350 6,7 15,22 11. 63 1,561 24,6 32.15 x 9
221 13.39 11.18 903 15,6 25,53 WT 2x 6,5
ASEP Steel Handbook

-185-
4-66 Rolled Shapes
y
z,
-r1
I
x y
\ 1
~,'\Rl
l
L";~ -- -~ t k
H
ANGloES
--I::::\~ -- EqulIll.egs
I Y
-T.'~Q \ Dimensions
1 J\'
- - Y -
Properties
Weight Area Depth Width Thickness

Designation W A H B t Aj A2
HxBxt kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm
lo20 x 20 x 3 0.88 112.31 20.0 20.0 3.0 1. 75
1.215 x 25 x 3 1.12 14Z31 25.0 2M 3,0 1.715 :i

.8.0:
lo30 x 30 x 3 1.36 173.68 30.0 30.0 3.0 2150 "
1<1.~
x5 2,18 277.68 30.0 30.0 5.0 2,50
21.~
)( 6 2.56 326.68 30.0 30.0 6.0 2.50
2<1.9<:
lo40x 40 x 3 1.84 234.86 40,0 40.0 3.0 3000
378,86 5,0 3.00
34.41:
x 5 2,97 40.0 40.0
6,0 . 54.27
x 6 3.52 44786 40.0 40.0 8.00
63.14
.' ..
lo50 x 50 x 3 2.33 296.26 50,0 50,0 3,0 3.50
68.61
x5 3.77 480.26 50.0 50.0 5,0 3.50
109.64
x 6 4.47 559.26 50.0 50.0 6.0 3.50
12Q41
x 8 5.82 741. 26 50,0 50.0 8.0 3.50
162.83
x 10 7.11 905.26 50.0 50.0 10.0 3.50
193.60
1.65 x 6!5 x 5 4.97 633.69 65.0 65.0 M 4.50
247.<14
x 6 5.91 752:69 65.0 65.0 6.0 4.50
291.97
x 8 7.73 984.69 65.0 65.0 8.0 4.50
374.99
x 10 9.49 1,209.69 65.0 65.0 10.0 4.50
450.93
x 12 11.18 1,424,69 65.0 65.0 12.0 4.50
520.45
ASEP Steel Handbook

-186-
--
i
Rolled Shapes 4-67
ANGLES
EO,ual Legs
Dimensions
Propertie$
I S Deslgnlltlon
x10S x1o' r y x tan Hx8xt
mm~ mm 3 mm mm mm mm a
3,92 0,29 5,90 5099 3,92 0,29 5,90 5,99 3,93 1,000 L20x 20 X 3
9.03 0,45 7,51 7,23 9.03 0,45 7,51 7,23 4,94 1.000 L25x 25 x 3
"
1<4,05 0,65 9,99 9,35 14,05 0,65 9,99 9,35 5,91 1,000 L30 X30 X 3
21,64 1,04 8,83 9,18 21,64 104 8,8:3 9,18 5,75 1,000 I X5
24,94 122 8,74 9,56 24,94 122 8,74 9,56 5,75 1,000 x6
:34,46 1.18 12,11 10,73 :34,46 1.18 12,11 10,73 7,83 1.000 L40x 40 X 3
54,27 1.91 11.97 1~';2 54,27 1,91 11,97 11,62 7,7:3 1,000 X5
63,14 2,26 11,87 12,02 63,14 2,26 1.87 12,02 7,70 1.000 X6
sa,61 1,86 15,22 1:3,08 68,61 13,08 9,86 1.000 L50x50x :3

109,64 :3,05 15,11 14,04 109,64 14,04 9,73 1,000 X5
129,41 3,61 15,02 14,45 128.41 14,45 9,68 1,000 X6
152.83 4,68 14,92 15,24 162. 83 15,24 9,63 1.000 X8
193,60 5,69 14,62 1M9 193,60 15,99 9,63 1.000 X 10
247.'14 17,59 247.44 5,22 19,76 17,58 12,74 1,000 L65x 65 X 5

291.97 19,04 291.97 6,21 19,69 19,04 12,69 1.000 X6
374,89 19,99 374,89 9,13 19,51 18,89 12,59 1,000 X9
450,9S 19,66 450,93 9,94 19,31 19,66 12,53 1.000 X 10
~O,45 20,41 520.45 11,67 19,11 20,41 12,51 1,000 X 12
ASEP Steel Handbook

-187-
4-68 Rolled Shapes
l
y
z, I
\ 1 ~I H
xyt Rt~~~ ~J
ANGLES
Equal Le!;ls
I Y
-,- \ Dimensions
Y \
Properties
J-[~-J '2
Weight Area Depth Width Thicknee!

D.sl!;lnatlon W A H B t R1 R2
2 mm mm mm mm
HxBxt k!;l/m mm mm
L75x 75 x 5 5.79 735.73 75.0 ns.\l 5.0 5.0

x6 6.97 974.73 7M nsJ') M 5.0
x 9 g.OO 1,146.73 75.0 75.0 9,0 5,0
x 10 11.07 1,410.73 75,0 75.0 10.0 5.0
x 12 13,09 1,666,73 75,0 75.0 12,0 5,0
L90 x 90 x 6 8.30 1,056.98 90.0 90.0 6.0 5.5

x 8 10.90 1,888.98 90.0 90.0 8.0 5.5
x 10 13.45 1,712.98 90.0 90.0 10.0 5,5
x 12 15.98 2,028.98 90.0 90.0 12.0 5.5
L100x100x6 9. 1,179.45 100.0 100.0 6.0 6.0 12,0

x8 12.18 1,551.45 100.0 100.0 8.0 6.0 12,0
x10 15.04 1,915.1\5 100.0 100.0 10.0 6,0 12,0
x12 17.88 2, 271.45 100.0 100.0 12.0 6.0 12,0
x14 20.56 2,619.45 100.0 100.0 14.0 6.0 12,0
x16 23.23 2,959.45 100.0 100.0 16.0 6,0 12,0
x19 25,94 8,291.45 100.0 100.0 1e.o 6.0 ),2,0
L125 x 125 x 8 1M4 1,954.13 125.0 125.0 9,0 6.5 13.0

x10 18.99 2,418.13 125.0 12M 10.0 6.5 13.0
x12 22.56 2,974.13 125.0 125.0 1'2.0 6.5 13.0
x14 26.09 3,322,13 125.0 125,0 14,0 6.5 13.0
x16 29,58 3,762,13 125.0 125,0 16.0 6,5 13.0
x19 32.92 4,194.13 125.0 125.0 19,0 6,5 13,0
x 22 39,52 5,084,13 125.0 125.0 22.0 6.5 13,0

ASEP Steel Handbook

-188-
~--"'.~~.-------.-.---- ... ---------~~ ---------

.........
Rolled Shapes 4-69
ANGLES
Equal Ltg.
Dimensions
Properti"
R2 S I S Designation
mm x1dl y x1(P xtdl x tan Hx8xt
mm 3 mm mm mm 4 mm 3 mm mm mm a
10,0 395,1 19,95 395,1 19,95 14,n 1,000 L75 x 75 x 5

10,0 45!5,7 20,4;) 455,7 20,43 14,70 1,000 x 6
10,0 eea7 21.30 599,7 21,30 14,59 1,000 I x 9
10,0 711,9 22,11 711,9 22,11 14,51 1,000 x 10
10,0 925. 7 22,SQ 925,7 22,99 14,4$ 1.000 x 12
11,0 903,2 24,05 803,2 24,05 17,76 1,000 Leo x 90 x 6

11.0 1,043,9 24,96 1,043,8 24,96 17,62 1.000 x9
11.0 1,269,2 25,90 1,269 2 25,90 17,52 1.000 x 10
11.0 1,490,8 26,59 1,4OO,S 26,59 17,44 1.000 x 12
12,0 1,110,5 15,1 26.4<1 1,110,5 26.42 19,79 1,000 L100x100x6

12,0 1,449.4 ' 19,9 27,87 1,449,4 27,87 19,64 1,000 x9
12,0, 1,766,9 24,6 29,22 1,766,9 29,22 19,52 1,000 x10
12,0 ~0S6,9 29,1 17 29,03 2, 06{),9 29,03 19,48 1,000 x12
12,0 ~350.0 33,5 29,95 29,91 2,850,0 29,81 19,86 1.000 x14
12,0 i ~e17.4 37,7 29,74 30.156 2,617,4 30,(56 19,82 1,000 x16
1~,O i' ~e70,2 41,9 29,53 31,30 2,970,2 31.30 19,30 1.000 x19
13,0 ~901,2 ,53 33,50 2,901,2 31,7 ,53 33,50 24,75 1,000 L125x125x9
13,0 " M~7,0 ,35 34,39 3,5~,0 39,3 39,35 34,39 24,60 1.000 x10
13,0 ~,192.4 ,15 35,21 4,192,4 4$,6 15 35,21 24,49 1,000 x12
13,0 ' 4,779,9 93 36.01 4,779,9 53,7 93 36,01 24,39 1,000 x14
13,0 ii'5,349,0 ,70 36,79 5,349,0 60,6 70 36,79 24,30 1.000 xiS
13,0 ' ~991.4 49 37,54 5,991.4 67.4 49 37,54 24,24 1.0,00 x19
13,0 ' ~906,9 ,04 39,01 6,906,9 00,$ ,04 39,01 24,19 1,000 x 22
ASEP Steel Handbook

-lag-
4-70 Rolled Shapes
ANGl.ES
Equall.egs
Dimensions
Properties
Weight Area Depth Width Thickness f---':":=:;:'::==--~

Designation W A H 9 t R,
Hx8xt kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm
l.1!50x150x9 19~ 2,868.47 150.0 150.0 9.0 9.0 1

x10 ~.99 2,927.47 150.0 150.0 10.0 9.0 1
x12 ~7.85 8,498.47 150.0 150.0 12.0 9.0 1.
xi"! 181.65 4,081.47 150.0 150.0 14.0 9.0 1.
xiS i85.99 4,571.47 150.0 150.0 16.0 9.0 1 .. I
x19 \fO.06 5,103.47 150.0 150.0 19.0 ao 16.
x 22 49.28 6,148.47 150.0 150.0 22.0 9.0 is.
l.200 x 200 x 12 86.82 4,690.71 200.0 200.0 12.0 9.0
x 14 42.69 5,488.77 200.0 2CO.O 14.0 9.0
x16 48.50 6,178.77 200.0 200.0 16.0 9.0
x19 54.25 6,910.71 200.0 200.0 18.0 9.0
x 22 65.55 8,850.77 200,0 200.0 22.0 9.0
x 25 73.87 9,409.77 200.0 200.0 25.0 9.0
ASEP Steel Handbook
J
-190-

Rolled Shapes 4-71
ANGLES
Equal Legs
Dimension!
Properties
I Designation
x1 <i' r x tan Hx8xt
mm 4 mm mm mm a
16.0
M66 3$,37 5,066 45,9 ,30 39,S7 29,93 1,000 L150 X 1ro X 9
~240 40,34 6,24J 56,9 46,17 40,34 29,66 1.000 x10
16,0
7,369 41. 7,369 67,9 45.99 41. 29,~1 1.000 x12
16.0
16,0 ; ~4!54 42,07 8,454 78,3 45,79 42,07 29,3$ 1.000 x14
16,0
9,497 42,87 9,497 88,7 45,59 42,87 29,28 1.000 x16
43,66 10,500 99,7 45,36 43,66 29,20 1.000 x18
16,0
45,18 12,898 118,2 44,91 45,18 29,07 1.000 x 22
16,0
122. 9 61.96 58.52 18,009 122,9 61,96 58,52 39,71 1,000 L200 X 200 X 12
142,5 ,77 54,39 20,752 142,5 ,77 54,39 39,56 1,000 x14
161,7 ,56 55,2$ 23,414 161,7 ,56 55,2$ 39.42 1.000 I x16
180,6 ,33 56,04 25,997 180,6 ,33 56,04 39,29 1000 I x18
217,3 57,61 30,941 217,3 57.61 3$,08 1.000 I X 22
244,0 58,75 34,464 244,0 58,75 38,96 1.000 x25
ASEP Steel Ha~dbook

-191-
,
-
4-72 Rolled Shapes
ANGL.ES
Unequal L.tge
Dimensions
Propertln
Weight Area Depth Thioknes51 Redi

D..lgnatlon W A H B t Rl
Hx8xt kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm
L.~x4Ox !5 3.3!5 426. 72 ~.O 40,0 5.0 2.00 103.9

x6 3.97 ~!5.72 ~.O 40.0 6.0 2.00
121. 1
L.6!5 x ~ x !5 4.3!5 !5!53.96 65.0 ~.O 5.0 3.00 231.9
x6 5. 16 6!57.96 65.0 !5Q,0 6.0 3.00 272,3
x8 6.75 859.96 65.0 1iQ.0 8.0 aoo 347.9
x 10 8.27 1,053.86 65.0 50.0 10.0 3.00 416.6
L.75 x 50 x 5 4.75 605.26 75.0 50.0 5.0 344.2

x6 5. 719.26 75.0 50.0 ao 405.4
x8 7. 941.26 75.0 50.0 8.0 520.3
x 10 9.07 1,155.26 75.0 50.0 10. 625.8 '
L.90 x 75 x 6 7.55 961.75 90.0 75.0 6.0 4. 767.6
x8 9.92 1,263.75 90.0 75.0 9.0 4.25 993.9
x 10 12.23 1,557.75 90.0 75.0 10.0 4.25 1,205.1
x 12 14,47 1,943.75 90.0 75.0 12.0 4,25 1,402.7
L.100 x75 x 6 8.04 1,0:::4,73 100.0 75.0 6.0 5.00 1,024,4

x9 10.57 1,346.73 100.0 75.0 8.0 5,00 1,330.5
x10 13.04 1,660.73 100.0 7'3,0 10.0 5.00 1,619.2
x12 15.44 1,966.73 100.0 75.0 12.0 5.00 U9S.5
ASEP Steel Handbook

-192-
. - ...... _.- ---~------ ....

Rolled Shapes 4-73
ANGLES
Unequal Legs
Dimensions
Properties
I S I S Designation
x1(f x1 (f y x1 (f x1(f r x r tan Hx6xt
mm~ mm 3 mm mm m mm 3 mm mm mm a
10a9 3,0 1MO 15,61 59,9 '1.75 10,65 8,44 0,623 L!50 x 40 X 5
121,1 36 15,46 15,99 68,5 1.64 11. 03 8.40 0.619 X6
231,9 19,94 119.3 4.68 12,54 10,68 0,577 L65 X 50 X 5

272.3 20,35 13(; 3 4,59 12.94 10,63 0,575 X6
347,9 21.14 177.4 4.36 13.71 10.55 0.569 X 8
416.6 21,(19 211.2 4.16 14,45 10.51 0.562 X 10
344.2 23,94 123,1 3.2 14.26 11.65 10.84 0.436 L75x!50x 5

405.4 24,38 1~4.4 3,9 4.17 12.07 10.78 0,4:35 X6
520.3 25.21 183.8 5.0 3,97 12.85 10.69 0.430 X 8
625.E 25.99 219,3 6.0 3.78 1:3,61 10.64 0.423 X 10
767.6 26.31 484.9 8.7 22,45 18.93 15.85 0,680 L90x 75 X 6

993.9 27,16 626.0 11.3 22,26 19,75 15.72 0.679 X 8
1,205,1 27,96 756,7 13.9 22.04 20.5:3 15.62 0.676 X 10
.i 1,402,7 28,73 879,1 16,4 ,62 21,29 15.56 0,672 X 12
1,024,<1 30,12 495.1 8.7 21.9a 17,86 16.17 0.548 L100 X 75 X 6

1,330,5 31.04 640.8 11.4 .81 18,73 16.04 0,547 X 9
1,619,2 31.87 776.0 14,0 .62 19.54 15,94 0,544 x10
1,899.5 32,67 901,7 16.5 .41 20,31 15,86 0.540 x12
ASEP Steel Handbook

-193-
4-74 Rolled Shapes
z, \
y
I
\R1
< I
I
I
\ I
--r
R;,~~-X tJ
II
x-yt ANGLES
Unequal Legs
I y
~i"-;; \ Dimensions
y \
LJ'z Properties
Weight Area Depth Width Thlck"eu

Designation W A H 8 Al A2
Hx8xt kg/m mm 2 mm mm mm mm mm
L125 x 75 x 6 9,24 1,176,98 12M 75.0 6,0 5.5 11.0

x9 12,16 1,549,98 12M 75.0 8,0 !5.5 11.0
x10 15.02 1,912,99 125.0 75,0 10,0 5,S 11.0
x12 17,91 2,269,99 125.0 75,0 12,0 !5.5 11.0
L150 x90x 9 14,69 1,971.45 150,0 90,0 9,0 6,0 12,0

x10 19,19 2,315.45 150,0 90,0 10,0 6,0 12,0 I
x12 21.60 2, 751.45 150,0 90,0 12,0 6,0 12,0 '
ASEP Steel Handbook

-194-
-
.--~- ~---- ---'-~ , ..... ........ --------------'
Rolled Shapes 4-75
y
z,
'l
I
ANGLES x-'-~~---~
1
Unequal Legs
yj. ~1~1 k r~
I Y
Dimensions -r--"n \
Properties _+.I___YiJ.__ . 'zf
Elmlo Properties
Axie X-X Axis y-y Axie Z-Z
I S I S Designation
x1dl x1dl r y x1dl x1 dl r x r ten Hx9xt
mm 4 mm 3 mm mm mm 4 mm 3 mm mm mm a
11.0 1,900.4 22,4 40.14 40.36 520.9 9,9 21.04 15.91 16.39 0.360 L125 x75 X 6
11.0 2,473.0 29.6 39,96 41.36 676,1 11.6 20.99 16.79 16,26 0.360 x8
11.0 3,0:20,2 36.5 39.73 42.26 920.5 14,3 :20,71 17.60 16.14 0.357 x10
11.0 3,!539.7 413,2 39. !SO 43.10 S!5!5,2 16.9 2M2 19.39 16,05 0.354 x12
\
12.0 4,348.0 43.1 48.20 49.03 1,197.5 17.0 25.30 19.52 19.65 0.362 L150 x90x 8
12,0 5,331.4 53.3 47.99 49.96 1,460.8 21.0 25.12 20.36 19.53 0.860 x10
12.0 8,273.0 63.3 47.75 50.92 1,708.7 24.8 24.92 21.16 1S.41 0.358 x12
I
ASEP Steel Handbook
-195-
- -T
(
4-76 Rolled Shapes
-I
PIPES
Dimeneions
, Properties
y
Weight Nominal Outside Inside Wall

Designation W Diameter Diameter Diameter Thickness
d kg/m mm mm mm mm I-
mr
PS 0.5 1.3 12.7 21.3 15.8 2.n

PS 0.75 1.7 19.1 26.7 20.9 2.87
PS 1 2.5 25.4 33.4 26.6 3,:;e
PS 1.25 3.4 31.8 422 35.1 3.56
PS 1.5 4.1 38.1 48.3 40.9 3.68/
PS 2 5.4 50.8 60.3 52.5 3.91. I
/ PS 2.5 8.6 " 63.5 7:3.0 62. 7 5.16 1,I
PS3 11.3 76.2. 88.9 77.9 M9 1, '
PS 3.5 13.6 88.9 101.6 90.1 5.74 1, :
PS 4 16.1 101.6 114.3 102.3 6:Q2 . 2,(
PS 5 21.8 127.0 141.3 128.2 6.55 2, :
R'"
PS 6 28.3 152.4 168.3 154.1 7.11 3,!

PS 8 42.6 203.2 219.1 202.7 8.18 5,'
PS 10 60.4 254.0 273.1 254.5 9.27. 7,
PS 12 74.1 304.8 323.9 3('4.9 9.53 9,-
PE 0.5 1.6 12.7 21.3 13.9 3.73 ,

PE 0.75 2.2 19.1 26.7 18.9 3.91 ~
PE 1 3.2 25.4 33.4 24.3 4.55 4
PE 1.25 4.5 31.9 422 32.5 4.85 5
PE 1.5 u.4 39.1 48.3 39.1 5.08 6
PE 2 7.5 50.9 60.3 49.3 5.54 9
PE 2.5 11.4 63.5 7S.0 59.0 7.01 1,4
PE 3 15.3 76.2 99.9 73.7 7.62 1,9-
PE 3.5 19.7 99.9 101.6 85.4 8,09 2,3'
PE 4 22.4 101.6 1101.3 97.2 8.56 2,80
ASEP Steel Handbook

-196-
\
l..\
T
Rolled Shapes 4-11
y
,
IIf I
I
I
PIPES x-- ---+--- -x d
Dimensions
Properties i I
,
y
I Sohedule Designation
A xi 03 3
xi 0 No. d
mm2 mm4 mm3 mm
2.77 161 7.1 0.7 6.62 40 PS 0.5

2.87 215 15.4 1.2 8.47 40 PS 0.75
3.:38 319 30.2 2.2 10.66 40 PS 1
3.56 432 91.2 3.8 13.71 40 PS 1.25
3.69/ 515 129.0 5.3 15.82 40 PS 1.5
3.91
5,16
5.49
690
1,097
1,439
277.2
636.9
1,257.0
9.2
17.4
28.3
20.04
24.10
29.56
40
40
40
PS 2
PS 2.5
PS 3
-
5.74 1,729 1,993,7 39.2 33.96 40 PS 3.5
6,-02 2,045 3,009,4 52.7 38.36 40 PS 4
6.55 2,7]4 6,326.7 89.3 47.76 40 pe 5
7,11 3,600 11,696.1 139,2 57.00 40 pe 6
9,19 5,419 30,176.8 275,5 74.62 40 pe 9
9.27 7,677 67,013.3 490.0 93.43 40 pe 10
9.53 9,419 116,128.6 718.0 111.03 40 PS12
3.73 206 8.3 0.8 6.35 80 PE 0.5

3.91 279 18.7 1.4 8.19 80 PE 0.75
4,55 412 44.1 2.6 10,35 80 PE 1
4.85 568 100.7 4.8 13.31 80 PE 1.25
5.08 690 16~.7 6.7 15.35 80 PE 1.5
5.54 95~ 361.3 12.0 19,45 80 PE 2
7,01 1,452 799,2 21. 9 23.46 80 PE 2,5
7.6~ 1,948 1,619.1 36.5 28.83 80 PE 3
9,Q9 2,374 2,613,9 51.5 33.18 80 PE 3.5
9,56 2,945 4,000.0 70.0 37.50 90 PE 4
ASEP Steel Handbook

-197-
4-78 Rolled Shapes
y
,
x- PIPES
Dimensions
Properties
nal Outside Inside Wall

Designation Diameter Diameter Diameter Thickness
d kg/m mm mm mm mm
PE 5 31.0 127.0 141. 3 122.3 9.5:3

PE 6 42.6 152.4 168.3 146.3 10.97
12.70 1-,
PE 8 65.0 203.2 219.1 193.7
PE10 81.7 254.0 273.1 247.7 12. 70
PE 12 97.4 304.8 323.8 298.5 12. 70
PD 2 13.5 50.9 60.3 39.2 11.07 1,71!

14.02 2,SO(
PD2.5 20.5 63.5 73.0 45.0
PD 3 27.9 76.2 99.9 59.4 15.24 3,52E
PD 4 41.1 101.6 114.3 90.1 17.12 5,22E
PD 5 57.3 127.0 141.3 103.2 19.05 7,29C
PD 6 152.4 169.3 124.4 21.95 10,064
79.2
PD 9 174.6 22.22 13,742
109.1 203.2 219.1
ASEP Steel Handbook

-198-
Rolled Shapes 4-79
y
,
PIPES
Dimensions
Properties
,
y
I S Sohedule Designation
A xi 03 xi 03 r No. d
mm2 mm' mm3 mm
3,942 8,616.0 121.8 46.75 80 PE 5

5,419 16,857.4 200.3 55.77 80 PE 6
8,259 44,120.5 401.7 7309 80 PE 9
10,387 88,241.1 646.2 92.17 80 PE 10
12,397 150,675.8 929.4 110.29 80 PE 12
1,716 545.3 18.1 17.82 PD 2

11.07 2,600 1,194.6 32.7 21.43 PD 2.5
14.02 3,529 2,493,2 56.1 26.58 PD 3
15,2<1 ~,226 6,368.3 . 111,3 34,91 PD 4
17,12 7,290 13,995.4 198.2 43.90 PD 5
19.05 10,064 27,596,1 329.2 52.36 PD 6
21,95 13,742 67,429,5 615.5 70,05 PD 8
22,22
ASEP Steel Handbook

-199-
4-80 Rolled Shapes
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-200-
Hetal Decks 5-1A
PART 5
METAL DECKS
ASEP Steel Handbook

-20.1-
5-1B Metal Decks
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

202
Metal Decks 5-1
CONTENTS
,un,,,uL;lature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
al . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5- 3
~iH:"rial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
,,,,,),,,~,u ....................................................... 5-5
reproof ing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5- 5
:C'n,rrn"'ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Design Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Panel Section Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Concrete Volumes and Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
lowable Lateral Loads for SD Composite Slab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Composite Slab Allowable Superimposed Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-ll

I
Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
Reaction Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '" ... 5-13
I:OnlPosi te Slab Propertie:, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
ASEP Steel Handbook

-203-
5-2 Metal Decks
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition
f' C
Concrete strength at 28 days
fy Reinforcing bar yield strength
Fy Specified yield stress of structural steel
I Composite section moment of inertia
1+ Positive bending moment of inertia
1- Negative bending moment of inertia
Second moment of area for
negative moment regions (Strength)
Second moment of area for
positive moment regions (Strength)
Mn Governing moment capacity of
section in the negative zone
Governi'ng moment capacity of pe
section in the positive zone
Nw Overall width of the metal deck F
R Inside radius of bend
Positive bending section modulus
Negative bending section modulus
Base metal thickness of the metal decks
Composite section modulus for concrete
Elastic modulus for negative
moment zone (Compression flange)
Elastic modulus for negative S:
moment zone (Tension flange)
ZpC Elastic modulus for positive
moment zone (Compression flange)
Zpt Elastic modulus for positive
moment zone (Tension flange) /...o,~uct
Zt Composite section modulus for steel deck
Eo Perimeter of embedded metal deck RE
th
ASEP Steel Handboo'{

-204-
Metal Decks 5-3
METAL DECKS
Units General
mm 2 Metal decks 01' panels, generally considered as part of the

MPa ly of cold-formed structural steel members, are categorized
MPa r the classification of surface members. Roofing, siding or
MPa I and floor panels of various profiles, coating and base
mm 4 rials, belong to this classification. Materials used are
mm4 normally steel, aluminum and sometimes stainless steel (for spe-
mm4 application) .
Part 5 of the Steel Handbook deals with steel floor

normally referred to as floor deck, steel deck, metal
'decking or simply metal deck. Metal decks may be used structur-
ly, as a composite alternative to conventional wood or metal
kN-m ,'formw0rks. However, unl ike conventional formworks, metal decks
permanent and therefore not reusable.
For composite systems, the metal decks have positive bond

"enhancements between the concrete and the metal profile to pre-
the integrity of the composite action. For "trapezoidal
ile" metal decks used in composite slabs, indentations along
longitudinal elements are provided. For "other" profiles,
folds or stiffened webs are totally embedded in the
te to provide the necessary grip for composite action.
Similar to cold-formed light gage frame members, metal decks

manufactured from galvanized-coated continuous coils or cut
Cold-forming may be done using press braking/bending
in the manufacture of "special" profiles. Generally,
roll forming is employed by most manufacturers for mass
DrclduLct i on.
Regarding the architectural aspect, metal decks are avail-

either in "ribbed" profiles or with "flat" soffits. In the
of a ceiling, metal decks with flat soffits are desirable
the ribbed type. Metal deck products are mostly proprietary
nature. The manufacturer usually holds a patent for each
cular metal deck profile being produced.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-205-
5-4 Metal Decks
The metal deck profiles featured in this Part 5 of the

Handbook are only those available locally. The "trapezoidal"
"ribbed" profile is available from Philmetal Products while
"flat" or "soffit" profile is produced by Condeck Internati
Metal decks under the brand names Stecldeck and Condeck,
identified in this Steel Handbook as SD panols and CD
respectively. Metal decks may be ordered in specific
. ,
However, for efficiency in design, lengths should cover a
mum of three spans. Very long spans may be limited by t
limitations. Metal decks less than three spans shall be
for both bending stresses and deflections.
Material
The base metal quality requirement for metal

30 ksi
shall be cold-rolled steel having a minimum yield point
MPa, conforming to the requirements of JIS G3141 SPCC-S
PNS 127 Class l-S. Specified in decimals and very seldom in
and sheet metal gages, thicknesses of me~al decks range from Tl
mm to 3.20 mm (wherein 0.75 mm to 1.60 mm are locally availab Cc
in 914 mm and 1219 mm widths. Metal decks floor slab systems
now locally avai.lable in specified minimem yield strengths, <i
of 275 MPa and 550 MPa, and whose choice is normally dictated
40 ksi 80 ksi
economic considerations.
For hot-rolled varieties, the minimum quality requirement

structural steel conforming to JIS G3101 SS 400, with a
specified yield stress, Fy ' of 245 MPa.
35.3 ksi
For galvanized steel varieties, the minimum quality
ment is physical (structural) quality zinc-coated steel con
ing to the requirements of ASTM A446 Grades A to F or corresp,on,~
ing PNS 67 equivalent.
For atmospheric corrosion-resistant steels, the

quality requirement is high-strength low-alloy (HSLA)
conforming to the requirements of JIS G3125 SPA-C or SPA-H, wi
minimum yield stress, Fy ' of 314 MPa and 343 MPa, respectively.
45.5 ksi 49.75 ksi
of
or
ASEP Steel Handhook

-206-
Metal Decks 5-5
Steel Currently, only the galvanized cold-rolled steel of minimum

1"
yield strengths, Fy, of 275 MPa and 550 MPa are locally avail-
able. 40 ksi 80 ksi
e
. ,
,anels,
mgths.
The structural properties for each particular profile were
by the manufacturers. However, calculation of proper-
special configurations follow the method specified in
Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, AISI 1986 Edition.
When a metal deck is primarily used as permanent form for a

slab, its design is straight forward similar to the
an ordinary flexural member. As a component of a
. composi te slab system, however, where it is considered as a posi-
ve moment reinforce.nent, the design calculations for metal
: decks are more compl icated.
The NSCP and its referral codes, the AISC for steel, Amerr...,.
,ilable) 'can Concrete Institute CACI) for concrete and AISI for cold-
rmed members are silent on this aspect of design involving
~ms are
'metal decks. Furthermore, each manufacturer has its own composite
1S, Fy '
method usually based on Allowable Stress Design or
lted by
Design. The basic principles used are usually the
or the British Standard CBS) Code of practice for the
reinforced concrete flexural members. Design examples
each particular metal deck profile are available free from the
reI3P'=ctive manufacturers' brochures.
""nrn("),fing
Tesno,nd.-
Fireproofing is a very critical aspect of metal decks espe-
lly if metal decks a~e used entirely or partially as rein-
The respective manufacturers claim
their metal decks are "fire-rated" from one to two hours,
1\)
on the concrete slab thickness, the concrete type
normal-weight or light-weight) used, and the presence or
of positive fire-resistive paints or coatings. Regard-
of this claim, ASEP requires that for metal decks used as
or partial reinforcement for composite sections, they must
ASEP Steel Handbook

-207-
5-6 Metal Decks
be provided with a permanent effective fireproofing.
For all composite concrete and metal decks slab

ASEP requires the installation of positive and permanent met
of fire protection.
Corrosion
Another very important aspect of metal decks if used

structural reinforcement for concrete slabs is the corr"Ri
factor. For structures built in corrosive environments
marine off-shore structures, and structures at or near
shores), and structures having acidic or abrasive environm.en
(like manufacturing plants), metal decks should at best be
only as a replacement to formworks.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-208-
Metal Decks 5-7
TABLES
OF
\
ASEP steel Handbook

-209-
---l
5-8 Metal Decks
SD DESIGN DATA
51
SD 9t
SD PANEL SECTION, PROFILE AND DIMENSIONS
SD 95
SD 95
GENERAL INFO[(MATJON
BASE METAL TYPE COLD ROlU-:D Fy '" 275 MPo
Fy = 550 MPo, AVAILABLE UPON REOUEST
ZINC-COATING 380 g/m 2 NOMINAL (PNS-67-1986)
THICKNESS BASE METAL 0.80 mm TO 1.60 mm
PANEL WIDTH 950 rnm NOMINAL
EFFECTIVE COVERAGE 950 mm
AVAILABLE LENGTH UP TO 1.3,700 rnm
APPLICATION COMPOSITE SLAB FOR FLOOR AND ROOF SYSTEM
GENEIlAL CODE APPROVALS CITY OF LOS ANGELES APPROVAL FOR 0) HORIZONTAL DIAPHRAGM RESEARCH REPORT
NO. 23783, b) TWO-HOUR ROOF AND FLOC 1 DECKS, RESEARCH REPORT NO.23783,
0) COMPOSITE DECK, RESEARCH REPORT NO.L3803,
20 mm temp. As Concrete fill

clearance fe' ot 28 doys
I
slob UI
thickness
L_
SO PANEL
VOL
(cu,m,
TYPICAL SD COMPOSITE SLAB SECTION
ASEP Steel Handbook

-210-
Metal Decks 5-9
SD PANEL SECTION PROPERTIES

(. PER METER WIDTH )
---1
POSITIVE BENDING MOMENT NEGATIVE BENDING MOMENT
WEIGHT A
DESIGNATION
PER AREA
Nw X t 1+ S+ I- S-
(kg/m') (.nm')
X10 3 X 10 3 X 10 3 X 10 J
mm' mm' mm' mm'
SD 950 X O.DO 8.070 1,033.7 504 20.008 419 19.582
SD 950 X 1.00 9.171 1,296.1 631 24.938 613 24.568
SD 950 X 1.20 12.109 1,560.9 757 29.843 736 29.596

/
SD 950 X 1.40 14.130 1,828.6 885 34.725 859 34.669
SD 950 X 1.80 16.1!:2 2,099.6 1011 39.584 982 39.787
SlAO
D[rrn
SD CONCRETE VOLUMES
AND WEIGHTS
SLAS DEPTH OVER TOP OF SD, mm

UNITS
50 03.5 75 90 114
1,924 2,216 2,503 2.790 3,369
0.085 0.097 0.110 0.123 0.148
1. WEIGHTS FOR CONCRETE ONLY - NO METAL. 2. WEIGHTS GIVEN INCLUDE ALLOWANCE FOR DEFLECTION.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-211-
5-10 Metal Decks
ALLOWABLE LATERAL
FOR SD COMPOSITE
ALLOWABLE LATEHAL LOADS ( N/m 2 )
TOTAL SLAB DESIGNATION SPAN - ele OF SUPPORTS, mm

DEPTH, mm Nw X t
1,800 2,100 2,400 2,700 3,000 3,300
. SD 950 X 0.80 26,120 25,240 24,510 23,930 23,490 23,200
SD 950 X 1.00 26,990 25,820 24,950 24,370 23,780 23,340

10(
100 SD 950 X 1.20 28,890 27,430 26,260 25,390 24,660 24,070
SD 950 X 1.40 29,980 28,300 26.190 26,040 25,240 24,580
SD 950 X 1.60 31,080 29,180 27,720 26,700 25,820 25,090
SD 950 X 0.00 29,620 28,740 28,010 27,430 26,990 26,700
SD 950 X 1.00 30,490 29,330 28,450 27,870 27,280 26,850
115 SD 950 X 1.20 32,390 30,930 29,760 28,890 28,160 27,580 115
SI) 950 X 1.40 33,490 31,810 30,490 29,540 28,740 28,090
SD 950 X 1.60 34,580 32,680 31,220 30,2 )0 29,330 28,600
SD 950 X 0.00 43,620 42,600 42,020 41,440 41,000 40,560
SD 950 X 1.00 44,350 43,330 42,460 41.7 30 41,290 40,850
165 SD 950 X 1.20 46,400 44,790 43,770 42,890 42,170 41,580

165
SD 950 X 1.40 47,420 45,670 44,500 43,480 42,680 42,090
SD 950 X 1.50 48,440 46,540 45,230 44,060 43,190 42,600
NOTES: VALUES BASED ON 3 PUOOLE WELD AND NORMAL WEIGHT AGGREGATE.

NOTES
1. LATERAL LOAD VALUES ARE DERIVED 8Y S.O. GARNES AND ASSOCIATES OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA AND D \TA
CONTAINED IN I1ESEARCH RECOMMENDATION No. 2757 OF THE INTERNATiONAL CONFERENCE DF BUILDING OFf ICIALS, 1. ONE
2. PROY
2. NO INCREASE IN VALUES SHOWN IS PERMITTED FOR WIND or, SEISMIC FORCES. 3. BUTT'
4. f'c "=
3. WELDS TO SUPPORTING MEMBERS SHALL HAVE A FUSION AREA EOUIVALENT TO 12. tmm EFFECTiVE DIAMETER. 5, VAWI
(COMMONLY REFERRED TO AS PUDDLE WELD) /S, STEEL
ABOVE
ASEP Steel Handbook

-212-
Metal Decks 5-11
~-LAO ____1. 0 [1>111

SD COMPOSITE SLAB
!\LLOW!\IlLE SUPEHIMPOSED LOAD
(WOFKING STEESS DESIGN)
ALLOWABLE SUPEHIMPOSED LOAD ( N/m 2 )
SLAB DESIGNATION NO. OF

SPAN-C/C OF SUPPORTS, mm
mm Nw X l SPANS
1,000 2,100 2,400 2.700 3.000 3,300 3,600
SD 950 X 0.60
SO 950 X 1.00
100 SO 950 X 1.20
SO 950 X 1.10
SO 950 X 1.60
.090
SD 950 X 0.60
.700
.850 SO 950 X 1.00
,580 115 SD 950 X 1.20
.090 SO 950 X 1.40
.600
SD 950 X 1.60
.560
SD 950 X 0.00
SO 950 X 1.00
165 SD 950 X 1.20

:.090
SO 950 X 1.40
'.600
SD 950 X 1.60
NOTES:
10 DATA 1. ONE ROW OF SHORING IS REQUIRED AT MIDSPAN FOR VALUES ON SHADED AREAS.
OFFICI,:.lS. 2. PROVIOE WEI.DEO WIRE MESH OR EQUIVALENT FOR SIIRINI(AGE CONTROL.
3. BUTTON PUNCH SIDE LAPS AT 900mm O.C.
4. f'e = 21 MPo @ 28 DAYS, Fy = 275 MPo
5. VALUES ARE BASED ON 960 Po CONSTRUCTION LOAD.
ETER. /6. STEELDEK COMPOSITE SLAB CAN SPAN MORE THAN 3600mm. ABOVE TABLE DID NOT SHOW ALLOWABLE LOAD VALUES
ABOVE 3,600mm DUE TO SPACE CONSTRAINT.
----------------------------------~
ASEP Steel Handbook
213
5-12 Metal Deck,s
NOTes
DESII
N,
CD 3'
CD 3.
DESIGI
Nw
CD 30(
CD 30C
ASEP Steel Handbook

214
Metal Decks 5-13
21
- - --
23
j
1.8 8
4) ! jt 1 55 CD PANEL
PROPERTIES
! PER METER WIDTH )
300
Nw
MtSS CROSS POSITIVE BENDING MOMENT NEGATIVE BENDING MOMENT

SECTION
DESIGNATION AREA
Nw X t
Yo, Mp Mn
kg/It 1 mm mm kN-m kN-m
CD 300 X 0.75 9.0 1,089 12.7 423 33.30 10.00 3.30 189 7.62 6.23 2.06
CD 300 X 1.00 12.0 1,472 12.7 561 44.22 13.25 4.37 274 10.48 9.52 3.14
21 23
1.8 -8
4)
5 ! jt 55 CD PANEL
REACTION DATA
!
300
Nw J
MASS SAFE END REACTION SAFE INTERNAL REACTION
DESIGNATION AREA
Nw X t 20mm lNCIlEMWT MAX 20mm INCREMENT MAX
Yo, llEAIHNG PER 10mm n:,ARING PEn IOmm
k;:/m 2 mm mm kN kN kN k~' kN kN
CD 300 X 0.75 9.0 1,089 12.7 3.31 0.71 5.52 10.80 0.79 13.2
CD 300 X 1.00 12.0 1,472 12.7 7.00 1,37 11,J2 21:16 1.26 25.10
ASEP Steel Handbook

-215-
'-------------------_ __.----....---------_._._---- ...

5-14 Metal Decks
CONCRETE SLAB
;, <l'-~ .
<f. '"4 N-A .c~mpositG

,,', . .. Section
'L'~;~'
.o.D"
"'o- CD COMPOSITE SLAB
;-;.':'
',',
o
PROPERTIES
. ,,",
'. ' ,f G
, QONo.~ :~r PER METER WIDTH :~
(f'c =
20 'N/mm 2) :
Nw
SLAB SLAB SLAB EFJlECTlVE S

DEPTH MASS WEIGHT DEPTH FLEXU
DESIGNATION "D" DENSE
Nw X t WEIGHT
CONCR d kd ys m
CD 300 X 0.75
CD 300 X 1.00
ASEP Steel Handbook

-216-
T p
Metal Decks 5-15
CONCRETE SLAB
SLAB CD COMPOSITE SLAB

:TIES PROPERTIES
WIDTH PER METER WIDTH
Imm 2) (f'c = 20 N/mm 2)
Nw
STEEL BASED N/mm 2 )

BOND DATA (U = 0.5
FLEXURAL PRO PERTlES
DESIGNATION
\
Nw X t
jd Zc Zl X Lb Eo Lb Eo U
XI0 3 mm3 X103 mm3 mm mm kN
CD :lOO x 0.7:)
CD 300 X 1.00
ASEP Steel Ha~dbook

-217-
5-16 Metal Decks
~ ~
~ n CONCRETE SLAn ~ n
.
, '.
c....-!.. _ ~~ '_____ .40
-4
-I .,
N-~A ,C,gmposit~
~. , , -- .. '4
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CD
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,~,
'

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C~ .~ON()':. : ~ "'_ .:-.
-. I~ . ~"ll",,-:- - , "j ' .'
E. Nw
tt
S
SLAB SLAB SLAB EFFECTIVE FLEXU
DEPTH MASS WEIGHT D~PTH
DESIGNATION " 0" DENSE
Nw X t WEIGHT
CONCR d kd ys m
mrn mm mm mm
CD 300 X 0.75
CD 300 X 1.00
ASEP Steel Handbook

218
Metal Decks 5-17
CONCRETE SLAB
CD COMPOSITE SLAB
~ SLAB PROPERTIES
ERTIES . ;- ._.,._-
PER METER WIDTH
'ER WIDTH (r'c = 25 N/mm 2)
N/mm 2)
Nw
/
STEEL BM ED';---I---------------...,----------~
2
FLEXURAL PROPERTIES BOND DATA (U = 0.5 N/mm )
DESIGNATION
Nw Xi t
Zc Zl X Lb Eo Lb Eo U
CD 300 X 0.75
CD :300 x 1.00
ASEP Steel Handbook

-219-
5-18 Metal Decks
CONCRETE SLAB
..
.'
.
'0 CD
." ~
SLAB SLAB SLAD EFFECTIVE

DEPTII MASS WEIGHT DEPTH
DESIGNATION "0" DENSE
Nw X l WEIGHT
CO NCR d kd ys m
CD 300 X 0.75
CD 300 X 1.00,
ASEP Steel Handbook

220-
Metal Decks 5-19
~
::B
~
"' CONCRETE SLAB 1'1
.. .
.""0 ~ 4. 4 ---
~
N~4A CR~~~(t!. .
<1 4 :. .. .,: '6.1
CD COMf"OSITE SLAB
. :;, 'o"':'fW
~
, SLAB
"
~ ~.
E
E:RTIES .'"
~
PROPERTIES
En WIDTH PER METER WIDTH
; 47i'
N/mm 2) (f'c = 30 N/mm 2)
l~ Nw
--I
I
STEEL BASED
FLEXURAL PHOPERTlES
DOND DATA (U = 0.5 N/mm')
DESIGNATION
Nw X t
n jd Zc x Lb Lb So U
CD 300 X 0.75
CD 300 X' 1.00
ASEP Steel Handbook

-221-
----------_ ..-
T
1
5-20 Metal Decks
CONCRETE SLAB
. .~ :. ,,,.. .
~ ~-A C;mposl(~
<t,
4:' '.
."':.~
E ' ....... ,!o@."
~ "
,~
--.i.. _. "
"J>G. eONo.:,. _
".Section -.In'
CD COMPOSITE SLAB
PROPERTIES
IT-- -
,
L:--N.:.::W'---____
J .
t
4 ' . , .. ~ PER METER lIIDTfI
(f'e = 40 N/mm 2)
8
>-
SLAB SLAB SLAB EFFECTIVE

DEPTH MASS WEIGHT DEP'f'.l i
DESIGNATION "D" DENSE FLEXl
Nw X t WEIGHT
CONCR d kd ys m
CD 300 X 0,75
CD 300 X 1.00
ASEP Steel Handbook

-222-
-." --
Metal Decks 5-21
CONCRE~E SlAB
. " '"<\ N::A ,C.gmpOSitl;l;

SLAB .
. ' ,Section . .<l.o
~ zo CD COMPOSITE SLAB
RTIES PROPERTIES
[~ WIDTH "
PER METER WIDTH
;/mm 2)
(r'c = 10 N/mm 2)
Nw
STEEL BASED
DOND DATA (U = 0.5 N/mm 2 )
FLEXURAL PHOPEHTlES
DESIGNATION
jd Nw X l
Zc Zl x Lb Bo Lb Bo U
CD :lOO x 0.75
CD 300 X 1.00
ASEP Steel Handbook

-223-
5-22 Metal Decks
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-224-
Steel Flat Products 6-1A
PART 6
STEEL FLAT PRODUCTS
ASEP Steel Handbook

-225-
6-1B Steel Flat Products
NOTES
Ai
JJ
ASEP Steel Handbook

-226-
Steel Flat Products 6-1
CONTENTS
Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Gimeral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Scope and Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Materials . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
ASTM A36M-87 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
JIS G3101-87 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
:1S G3131-90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24
J1S G3141-90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-31
PNS 127-88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-38
ASTM A446M-87 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-43
PNS 67-86 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-46
ASEP Steel Handbook

-227-
6-2 Steel Flat Products
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition Uni
Specified yield stress of steel MPa
ABBREVIATIONS
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

CQ Commercial quality
CRC Cold-rolled coil
CRS Cold-rolled sheet
excl exclusive
HRC Hot-rolled coil
HRP Hot-rolled plate
HRS Hot-rolled sheet
HSLA High-strength low-alloy steel
incl inclusive
JIS Japanese Industrial Standards
PNS Philippine National Standards
SPA-C StructUral quality atmospheric corrosion-resistant
cold-rolled steel as per JIS G312 or
SPA-H Structural quality atmospheric corrosion-resistant
hot-rolled steel as per JIS G3125
SPCC Commercial quality cold-rolled steel as per JIS G3141
SPCD Drawing quality cold-rolled steel as per JIS G3141 ",u~u-I:
SPCE Deep-drawing quality cold-rolled steel as per JIS G3141

SPCEN Non-ageing, deep drawing quality cold rolled steel as
per JIS G3141
SPCCT Commercial quality cold-rolled steel, tension and ...<:1UU.La
formability values guaranteed, as per JIS G3141
SQ Structural quality
SS Structural steel
Tl
ASEP Steel Handbook

-228-
fTEEL FLAT PRODUCTS
Units
MPa Flat rolling or processing may be considered to involve

operations in steel plants associated with the conversion
slabs, either continuously or ingot-cast, into finished
plates, sheets, and strip products, including hot-rolled, cold-
rolled and/or coated sheets. Conveniently, it is Classified into
hot-roll ing and cold-roll ing operations which results to a final
product with a width to thickness ratio which is usually fairly
large.
The process of hot rolling consists of p.assing red-hot

steel slabs between two large, cylindrical steel rolls
contrast with the grooved rolls used in the production of
shapes, such as structural beams) revolving in opposite direc-
tions but at the same peripheral speed. Commercial (CQ) or
(SQ) plates, strip, or sheet are the resulting -ehd-
In cold rolling operations, on the other hand, the hot-

rolled strip is processed to final ordered thickness without any
ant further heating except for annealing or heat treating purposes.
CQ or SQ strip, or sheet are the resulting end-products.
tant
Steel flat products are locally available in the form of
3141 hot-rolled plates (HRP), hot-rolled coils/sheets (HRC/HRS), and
1 cold-rolled coils/sheet (CRC/CRS). Likewise, coated (or finished
G3141 flats which predominantly use CRC/CRG as base material,
,1 as are also available in the form of hot-dipped zinc-coated (or
: galvanized) steel. The product standards to which these are
and manufactured are listed in Table 6-1.
Coossification
This Part 6 of the Steel Handbook specifies the characteris-

of plate and sheet (hot-and cold-rolled) products which are
differentiated one from the other as follows (based from ASTM A6M
and ASTM A568M definitions):
ASEP Steel Handbook

-229-
(1) Plate - f1at,hot-rolled steel classified as over 200

in width and over 6.0 mm in thickness; or over
mm in width and over 4.5 mm in thickness.
(2) Hot-rolled sheet - flat, hot-rolled steel classified

over 300 mm to 1,200 mm, incl. in width and 1.2
to 6.0 mm, excl. in thickness; or over 1,200 mm I
width and 1.2 mm to 4.5 mm, excl. in thickness.
Note: minimum thickness for High-Strength

Steel (HSLA) is 1. 8 mm.
(3) Cold-rolled sheet - flat, cold-rolled steel classif

as 50 mm to 300 mm, incl. in width and 0.35 mm to 2
mm, incl. in thickness; or over 300 mrr. in width and O.
mm and over in thickness.
(
Materials
For the fabrication of built-up shapes enumerated in

1) of this Steel Handbook and ~Qld-formed plate shapes
in (Part 2) of this Steel Handbook, the minimum quality steel {
structural members shall conform to ASTM A36M and/or JIS G31
SS400 (formerly designated as JIS G3101 SS41). These steels
a minimum specified yield stress, Fy ' of 250 MPa and 245
respectively.
For the fabrication of cold-formed light-gage shapes

sented in (Part 3) ofthis Steel Handbook, the material
ments involve the following:
(1) The minimum quali ty steel fOl structural members

conform to ASTM A36M and/or JIS G3101 SS400.
St
(2) The minimum quality steel for the non-structural roll
shall conform to - the
(2.1) JIS G3131 SPHC and/or ASTM A569M for the
rolled steel va~ieties. These steels have
:~~~mumT~~e~:!~~dai~~~:b~~r:~~~S:y~h~~~e~eas
as 0.60F y ' thi
ASEP Steel Handbook

-230-
(2.2) JIS G3141 SPCC, ASTM A366M and/or PNS 127 Class
1 for the cold~ro1led varieties. These steels
have a miLimum specified yield stress, F y ' taken
as 170 MFa. The basic allowable stress shall be
;fied taken as O.60F y '
1.2
rom For the fabrication of the metal decks (Part 5) of this
1 Handbook:
(1) The base metal quality requirement for floor decks shall
be cold-rolled steel having a minimum yield point of 206
MPa, conforming to the requirements of JIS G3l4l SPCC-S
;ssified and/or PNS 127 Class l-S. Steel of this variety is
, to 2.0 locally available in thicknesses from 0.75 rom to 1.60
.nd 0.35 rom, in widths of 914 mm and 1,219 rom, and specified
yield strengths Fy ' of 275 MPa or 550 MPa.
(2) The minimum quality for hot-rolled varieties is str~

tural steel conforming to the requirements of JIS G3l0l
SS400, with a specified minimum yield stress, F y ' of 245
MPa.
(3) The minimum specification for galvanized varieties is

physical (structural) quality steel conforming to the
[Ls requirements of ASTM A446 Grades A to F (with minimum
'l5 yield stress, Fy ' ranging from 226 MPa to 550 MPa) or
the corresponding PNS 67 equivalent.
(4) The minimum quality for atmospheric corrosion-resistant

varieties is high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel con-
forming to the requirements of JIS G3125 SPA-C or SPA-H,
wi th minimum y:.eld stress, F y' of 314 MPa and 343 MPa,
;rs respectively.
Steel conforming to other material specifications can also

rolled locally. However, this is limited by the capabilities
the local manufacturer of flat steel products. The designer
'the consult with the flat steel manufacturer before specifying
type of locally manufactured structural or high-strength
as not listed here in the Steel Handbook. Current mill capa-
e ities limit these grades of steel from 1.50 rom up to 12.70 rom
thickness and widths from 660 rom to 1,524 rom, conforming to
ASEP Steel Handbook

231
specifications such as JIS G3106, JIS G3125, JIS

G3ll3, ASTM A607,and their corresponding "near grade equi
For reference purposes, a listing of currently manuf

flat steel products are listed in Table 6-1: Locally Avail
Flat Steel Products. 5.0
16.0
40.0
Table 6-1: Locally Available Flat Steel Products
Product Form Standard Titles

6-
IHot-Rolled Plate ASTM A36M-87 Structural Steel
I (HRP) JIS G3l0l-87 Rolled Steel for General Structures Che
I
IHot-Rolled Coil JIS G313l-90 Hot-Rolled Mild Steel Plates,
I (HRC) Sheets and Strip
I
ICold-Rolled Coil JIS G3l41-90 Cold-Rolled Steel Sheets and Strip
I (CRC) PNS 127-88 Cold-Rolled Carbo.l Steel Sheets and
I
IGalvanized Steel ASTM A/.46-87 Structural Quality Galvanized Steel ~U'"~"'I
PNS 67-86 Galvanized Steel Sheets and Coils
I
>20- 40 I
I
I
>40-50 I
For convenience, excerpts from these relevant standards I
shown in Tables 6-2 to 6-49. When COl
For pIal
For mal
elongatJ
of the s
ASEP Steel Handbook

-232-
__
,....._-_. .
ASTM A36M-87
f 6-2: Preferred Specified Thickness Unit:mm
5.0 5.5 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 14.0
16.0 18.0 20.0 22.0 25.0 28.0 30.0 32.0 35.0 38.0
40.0 45.0 50.0
le 6-3: Chemical and Mechanical Property Requirements

r-- I
es I Chemical Composition,%*l Tensile Test (Transverse Direction) I
I I I *21.
,.1 i i Yield IElongation,% min. 1
, 1 Thick- ! C Si Mn P S I Tensile 1 Point I I I
Iness(mm) I max. max. max. IStrengthl (MPa) IGL=200 mmlGl=50 mm
.p 1 I 1 (MPa) I min . lor 8 in. lor 2 in. :I
md 1 I I 1
I 1 0 . 25 0.0/, 0.051 I I
,el S I I 1 I
3 >20-40 10 . 25 0.80 0.0/, 0. 05 1 I I
_1. 20 1400-550 250 20*3 23 I
1 1
I 1 1 1
>40-50 10 . 26 0.15 0.80 0.04 0. 05 1 1 1
1
-0.40 -1.20 II I 1
ards
When copper steel is specified, the minimum eu shall be 0.20%.
For plates w'der than 610 mm, the elongation requirement is reduced 2%.
For materi.l under 8 mm in thickness, a deduction from the percentage of
elongation in 203 mm of 1. 25% shall be made for each decrease of 0.80 mm
of the specified th~ckness helow 8 mm.
ASEP Steel Handbook

233
Table 6-4a: Permissible Variations in Thickne3s Unit: e
,
I
Tolerance Over Specified Thickness for Widths
,
,Specified I Over
I Thickness, I 1,200 1,200 to 1,500 to 1,800 to 2,100 to
mm and 1,500, 1,800, 2,100, 2,400,
Under excl excl excl excl
5.0 , 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 5

5
5.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
6.0 ,I 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 6
7.0 , 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 7
8
8.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
9.0 ,I 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 9
10.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 10
I 11
11.0 I 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
12.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 12
I 14
14.0 I 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9
16.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 16.
I 18.
18.0 I 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9
20.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 20.
I 22.
22.0 I 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0
25.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 25.
I , .1 28.
28.0 I 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1
30.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 30.
I 32.
32.0 I 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3
35.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 35.
I 38.
38.0 I 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5
40.0 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 40.
I 45.
45.0 I 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8
50.0 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.0 50.
I L.8
NOTE I-Permissible variation under specified thickness, 0.3 mm.

NOTE 2-Thickness to be measured at 10 rum to 20 mm from the longitudinal edge.
NOTE 3-For specified thickness other than those shown, the next higher
ness will apply. ne
NOTE 4-For thickness measured at any locatior other than that specified
Note 2, the permissible maximum over tolerance shall be increased No
75% rounded to the nearest 0.1 mm. 75
ASEP Steel Handbook

234
6-4b: Permissible Variations in Thickness(Cont'd.) Unit: nun

1i t :
I \
1S
, Tolerance Over Specified Thickness for Widths I
, I
,Specified I I
) to ,Thicmess, , 2,400 to 2,700 to 3,000 to 3,300 to 3,600 to I
) ,
, nun I 2,700, 3,000, 3,300, 3,600, 4,200, I
, / excl excl excl excl excl /
, r/ --------------------------------~I
3
, 5.0 I 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 I
, 5.5 / 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 /
8
8
, 6.0 I 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 I
8
, 7.0 I 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 /
, 8.0 ,0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 /
8
8
I 9.0 / 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.5 /
, 10.0 / 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.5 /
8
8
, 11.0 / O.A 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.5 I
, 12.0 / 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.5 /
8
9
14.0 I 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.5 /
16.0 ,0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.5 /
9
18.0 / 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 ,
9
20.0 ,1.0 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.6 ,
9
22.0 / 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.8 ,
o 25.0 ,1.2 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.8 /
o 28.0 ,1.3 1.4 1.8 1.8 2.0 ,
1
30.0 / 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.8 2.1 ,
2
32.0 / 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.3 ,
3
35.0 ,1.6 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.5 /
4
5
38.0 I 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.7 I
.6
40.0 I 1.8 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.8 ,
.8
45.0 I 2.0 2.3 2.8 2.8 3.0 I
.0
50.0 I 2.3 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.3 ,
l-Permissible variation under specified thickness, 0.3 mm.

2-Thickness to be measured at 10 mm to 20 mm from the longitudinal edge.
3-For specified thickness other than those shown, the next higher thick-
,er th
ness will apply.
4-For thickness measured at any location other than that specified in
:ified
Note 2, the permissible maximum over tolerance shall be increased by
,ased
75% rounded to the nearest 0.1 mm.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-235-
Table 6-5a: Permissible Variations in Width and Length e

Sheared Plates :$ 40 mm thick; length only of Uni
sal Mill Plate :$ SO mm thick
Specified Dimensions Variations Over Specified Width Sp.

I and Length A for Thickness, mm
I and Equiv,lent Masses, kg/m 2
I I
I I To 10.5 excl. 10.5 to 16,excl
I Length I Width To 78.5,excl. 78.50 to 125.6, Ler
I i excl.
I I Width Length Width Length
I I
ITo 3,000, I To 1,500, I 10 13 11 16
I I excl. I
I excl. I 1,500 to 2,100, I 11 16 13 18
I I excl. I
I I 2,100 to 2,700, I 13 19 16 22
I I excl. I
I I 2,700 and I 16 22 19 25
I I over I
I I I
13,000 to I To 1,500, I 10 19 13 22
I I excl. I
16,000, I 1,500 to 2,100, I 13 19 16 22
I excl. I excl. I
I I 2,100 to 2,700, I 14 22 18 24
I I excl. I
I I 2,700 and I 16 25 19 29
I I over I
I
A Permissible variations under specified width and length, 6 A Permj
mm. mm.
ASEP Steel Handbook

236-
th Permissible Variations in Width and Length for

Sheared Plates " 40 mm thick; length only of
Universal Mill Plate " 50 mm thick (Cont' d. )
idth Specified Dimensions Variations Over Specified Width

run and Length A for Thickness, mm
2 and Equivalent Masses, kg/m 2
6, excl. I I 16 to 25, excl. 25 to 50, incl. I

125.6, Length ! Width I 125.6 to 196.2, 196.2 to 392.5, I
I ! excl. excl. I
ength I I Width Length Width Length I
I I I
16 3,000, I To 1,500, I 13 19 16 25 I
I excl. I
18 I 1,500 to 2,100,
excl.
I 16 22 19 25 II
I I I
22 I 2,100 to 2,700, I 19 25 25 29 I
I excl. I I
25 I 2,700 and I 22 29 29 32 I
I over I I
I I I
22 to I To 1,500, ! 16 25 19 29 I
I excl. I I
22 I 1,500 to 2,100, I 19 25 22 32 I
I exc1. I I
24 I 2,100 to 2,700, I 21 29 25 35 I
I excl. I I
29 I 2,700 and I 22 32 29 35 I
I over I I
I
A Permissible variatJons under sped fied width and length, 6
mm.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-237-
Table 6-6a: Permissible Variations from Flatness
Note I-When the longer dimension is under 900 mm, the permissible 1-
should not exceed 6 mm. When the longer dimension is from 900
1800 mm, incl., t!1G permissible variation should not exceed 75%
tabular amount for the specified width, but in no case less than
Note 2-These variations apply to plates that have a specified 2-
tensile strength of not more than 400 Mra or comparable chemical
sition or hardness. The limits in the tabie ere increased
plates specified to a higher minimum tensile !Itrength or
chemistry or hardness.
Note 3-This table and these notes cover the permissible 3-
for flatness of circular and sketch plates, based on the maximum
sions of those plates.
I
I Permissible Variations from a Flat
I Surface for Specified Widths, mm A,B
I Specified I Specified To 900 to 1200 to 1500 to 1800 to
IThiekness, I Mass, 900, 1200, 150O, 1800, 2100
Imm I kg/m 2 exel. exel. exel. exel. exel. ek
I I
ITo 6, I To 47.1, 14 19 24 32 35
lexe1. I exe1. I
16 to 10, I 47.1 to I 13 16 19 24 29
I exel. I 78.5, exel. I
110 to 12, I 78.5 to I 13 14 16 16 19
lexel. I 94.2, exel. I
112 to 20, I 94.2 to I 11 13 14 16 16
120 to 25, I 157.0 to I 11 13 14 16 16
I exel. I 196.2, exel. I
125 to 50, I 196.2 to I 10 13 13 14 14
A Flatness Variations for Length - The longer dimension specified is

ered the length, and permissible variations in flatness along the A Flat
should not exceed the tabular amount for the specified width in plates erec
to 4,000 mm in length, or in any 4,000 mm of longer plates. shoe
B Flatness Variations for Width - The flatness variations across the to 4
should not exceed the tabular amount for the specified width. B Flat
shou
ASEP Steel Handb0~k

-238-
so ---.- 7 s 3 bF
e 6-6b: Permissible Variations trom Flatness (Cont'd.)
the longer dimension is under 900 mm, the permissible variation

'00
should not exceed 6 mm. When th~ longer dimension is from 900 mm to
1800 mm, incl., the permissible variation should not exceed 75% of the
tabular amount for the specified width, hut in no case less than 6 mm.
variations apply to plates t~.t have a specified minimum
tensile strength of not more than 400 MP. or comparable chemical compo-
sition or h2rdness. The limits in the table are increased 50% for
plates specified to a tigher minimum tensile strength or compatible
chemistry or hardness.
3-This table and these notes cover the permissible variations
for flatness of circular and sketch plates, based on the maximum dimen-
sions of those plates. /
a Flat
mm A,B I I
Permissible Variations from a Flat
I
800 to I I I
Surface for Specified Widths, rnm A,B
100 I I I
ified ISpecified 12100to 2400to 2700to 3000to 3600to 4200 1
xcI. 2700, 4200, and I
IMass, 1 2400 , 3000, 3600,
Ikg/m 2 Icxcl. excl. excl. excl. excl. overl
35
I I I
ITo 47.1, I 38 41 44 48 I
29 lexcl. I I
147 . 1 to I 32 35 38 41 I
19
17 8 . 5 , excl. I I
12, 178.5 to I 22 25 29 32 48 54 I
16 194 . 2 , excl. I I
20, 194 . 2 to I 19 25 25 29 38 51 I
16 1 157 . 0 , excl. I I
25, 1157.0 to I 16 19 22 25 35 44 I
14 1 196 . 2 , excl1 I
50, 1 196 . 2 to I 16 16 16 18 29 38 I
\392.5, excl. I I
ls
1e Variations for Length - The longer dimension specified is consid-
'la tes ered the length, and permissible variations in flatness along the length
should not exceed the tabular amount for the specified width in plates up
,he width to 4,000 mm in length, or in any 4,000 mm of longer plates.
B Flatness Variations for Wi4th - The flatness variations across the width
should not exceed the tabular amount for the specified width.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-239-
,.
Table 6-7: Permissible Camber
Maximum permissible camber, mm = length in millimeters/500

6
A Camber as it relates to plates is the horizontal edge curvature i"
length, measured over the entire length of the plate in the flat
tion.
6-
ASEP Steel Handbook

-~O-
JIS G3101-87
1500
6-8: Preferred Standard Thicknesses Unit: r:un
in I
1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 ( 2 . 6 ) 2.8 ( 2 . 9) 3.21
4.0 4.5 5.0 5.6 6.0 6.3 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.01
12.5 12.7 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 (17.0) 18.0 19.0 20.01
25.0 25.4 28.0 (30.0) 32.0 36.0 38.0 40.0 45.0 50.0
The standard thickness not in parentheses should preferably

be used.
I
6-9: Preferred Standard Widths Unit: rom
630 670 710 750 800 850 900 914 1

1000 1060 1100 1120 1180 1200 1219 1250 1
1320 1400 1500 1524 1600 1700 1800 1829 1
2000 2100 2134 2438 2500 2600 2800 3000 1
1
I
For steel plate, the standard widths of 914 mm, 1,219 mm and 1,400
mm or over shall be ap~lied.
e 6-10: Preferred Standard Lengths
2438 30,18 6000 6096 7000 8000 9000 9144

12000 12192
ASE? [,~ tee 1 Handbook

241
6-16 8teel Flat Products
Table 6-11: Chemical Property Requirements

I I
I Designation I Chemical Composition,%
I
I c Mn P 8
I
I 88330 0.050 max. 0.050
I (8834)
I
I 88400 0.050 max. 0.050
I (8841)
I
I I
I 88490 0.050 max. 0.050
(8850)
I
I I
I I
I 88540 0.30 max. 1.60 max. 0.040 max. 0.040 max.
(8855)
I
I I
Note: Alloying elements other than in above table can be added to SS540
I
cording to requirements.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I4
I
I
I
A8EP 8teel Handbook

242
Mechanical Property Requirements
I Tensile Test
I I
I Yield I Elongation
I
I Point or ITensile I
I Yield IStrength I Dimensions of Test %
I Strength I I Rolled Steel,mm Piece

I N/mm2 I N/mm2 I
,0 max. I I I
I 205 min. I 330-430 I 'Steel sheet or strip No.5 26 min.
I I I has a thickness of
0 max. I I I not more than 5 mm
I I I Steel plate or strip No.1A 21 min.
max. I I I over 5 to 16 incl.
I I I
I 245 min. I 400-510 I .Steel sheet or strip No.5 21 min.
3S540 I I I has a thickness of
I I I not more than 5 mm
I I I .Stee1 plate or strip No.1A 17 min.
I I I over 5 to 16 incl.
I I I
I 285 min. I 490-610 I Steel sheet or strip No.5 19 min.
I I I Steel plate or strip No.1A 15 min.
I I I over 5 to 16 incl.
I I I
I 400 min. I 540 min. I Steel sheet or strip No.5 16 min.
I I I 'Steel plate or strip No.1A 13 min.
I over 5 to 16 incl.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-243-
Table 6-12b: Mechanical Property Requirements (Cont' d. )
Bending Test
I !
I I
I ! Bending Angle Inner Diameter Test Piece
I I
I Steel I
I I
I SS330 ! 180' 0.5 t No. 1
I I !
I I I
I I I
I i I
I I I
I I I
I SS400 I 180' I 1. 5 t No. 1
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I SS490 I 180' ! 2.0 t No. 1
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I SS540 I 180' I 2.0 t No. 1
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
II I I
ASEP Steel Handbook

-244-
e 6-l3a: Tolerance on Thickness Unit: mm

I I I I
Width I Under I 1,600 or I 2,000 or I
I 1,600 I over to and I over to and I
I I exel. 2,000 I exel. 2,500 I
r------------rl------~ I I
ce or over I 0.4S I 0.55 I 0.55 I
& exel. 5.00 I I I I
or over I 0.50 I 0.60 I 0.60 I
or over I 0.55 I 0.65 I 0.65 I
or over I 0.55 I 0.65 I 0.65 I
or ove~ I 0.65 I 0.75 I 0.75 I
or over ~.70 I 0.80 I 0.80 I
& exel. 40.0 I I I
or over 0.80 I 0.95 I 0.95 I
& exel. 63.0 I I I
or over 0.9 I l.l I 1.1 I
& exel. 100 I, I I
over 1.3 I 1. 5 I l. 5 I
to & exel. 160 I I I
1 over 1.6 I 1. 8 I 1. 8 I
exel. 200 I I I
over 1.8 I l. 9 I 1. 9 I
exel. 250 I I I
over 2.0 I 2.l I 2.l I
exel. 300 I I I
or over 2.l I 2.3 I 2.3 I
to & incl. 350 I I I
1. Either plus side or minus sIde of the thickness tolerances given in
the above Table may be limited on request. The total tolerances, in
this case shall be equal to those given in Table.
2. Thickness shall be measured at any point inward the scheduled
cutting line concerning width for the as-rolled steel plate (with
untrimmed edge), and at any point not less than 15 mm from the
aforementioned line for the cut edge plate.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-245-
Table 6-13b: Tolerance on Thickness (Cont'd.) Unit:
I Width 1 2,500 or 3,150 or 4,000 or

1 1 over to and 1 over to and over to
IThickness I eircl. 3,150 1 excl. 4,000 excl. 5,0
I 1 I----------~--------~
14.00 or over I 0.65 1
I to & excl. 5.00 1 I
15.00 or over I 0.75 1 0.75
I to & excl. 6.30 1 1
16.30 or over 1 O.SO I 0.65 0.9
I to & excl. 10.0 I 1
110.0 or OV8r 1 O.SO 1 O.SO 1.0
I to & excl. 16.0 I 1
116.0 or over 1 0.95 1 O.95 l.l
1 to & excl. 25.0 1 1
125.0 or over 1 1.0 I l.O l.2
I to & excl. 40.0 I 1
140.0 or over I 1. 1 1 l.l l.3
I to & excl. 63.0 1 1
163.0 or over 1 1. 3 1 l.3 1.5
1 to & excl. 100 1 1
1100 or over 1 1. 7 1 t. 7 l.9
I to & excl. 160 1 1
160 or over 1 1. 9 1 l.9 2.1
to & excl. 200 1 I
200 or over I 2.0 I 2.0 2.2
to &excl. 250 1 I
250 or over I 2.2 I 2.2 2.5
to & excl. 300 1 1
300 or over I 2.4 I 2.4 2.S
to & incl. 350 1 1
Remarks 1. Either plus side or minus side of the thickness tolerances

the above Table may be limited on request. The total tolerances .
this case shall be equal to those given in Table.
I
2. Thickness shall be measured at any paint inward the sclled.ule
cutting line concerning width for the as-rolled steel plate
untrimmed edge). and at any point not less than 15 mm from
aforementioned line for the cut edge plate.
ASEP Steel Handbook

246
Tolerance on Length Unit: rom
Length Thickness Tolerance
A B
<6 +25 +5
<6300 o o
",6 +25 +10
o o
<6 +0.5% +10
;:6300 o o
+0.5% +15
o o
Tolerance B does not apply to thickness of ~20 mm.
from
ASEP Steel Handbook

-247
Table 6-15a: Tolerance on Width Uni t~'
I I Tolerance
I I
I I I Mi 11 edge Cut edge
I I I I
IWidth I Thickness ISteel platelSteel A B
I I las rolled Istrip and! Normal Resheared
I I I (with [cut I cut edge or fine
I I I untrimmed Ilengths I cut edge
I I ledge) I therefrom I + +
I I I I
I IUnder 3.15 I I 5 2.0
I 13 . 15 or over tol I 5 3.0
IUnder I & exel. 6.00 1 1
1160 16.00 or over tol 2 [10 0 1 0 0
I I & exel. 20.0 I I
I 120 . 0 or over I I 18
I I I i
I IUnder 3.15 I 1 5 2.0
1160 or13.15 or over tol I 5 3.0
lover I & exc1. 6.00 I I P
Ito & 16.00 or over tol 2 I. 10 0 4.0 0 I
6
lexcl. I & exel. 20.0 I I
1250 120.0 or over I I I 15
I: I -1 I----------l-.....,
I IUnder 3.15 I I I 5 2.0
lUI
1250 orp.15 or over tol I I 5 3.0
lover I & excl. 6.00 I 0 I I /3.
Ito & 16.00 or over tol + Not I 5 I 15 0 4.0 0 I
16 .
Iexel. I & exel. 20.0 I specified I I
1400 120.0 or over I I 10 I
120
I I j I -------------
I IUnder 3 . 1 5 ! I 10 3.0
IUn,
1400 or13.15 or over to! ! Il 3.0
lover & excl. 6.00 I 0 I +20
/3. :
Ito & 16.00 or over tol + Not I 0 10 0 5.0 0 I '
16. C
Iexcl. I & excl. 20.0 I specified 1
&
1630 120.0 or over I I 15
20.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-248-
.ni t : 6-lSb: Tolerance 0'"1 Widtn (Cont' d. ) Unit: rom

I
I Tolerance
I I
I Mill edge Cut edge I
I \ I
I
I I \
C I ' IWidth Thickness
ISteel plate\Steel I A B I C I
3li tted I I as rolled Istrip andi Normal Resheared ISlitted
:1 I
edge I :: 1 I (with Icut I cut edge or fine I edge I
I .1 luntrimmed I lengths I cut edge I I
I 1 ledge) I therefrom I + + I I
I I I I I I I
0.3
,'I IUnder 3.1S I I I 10 4.0 I I
O.S 1630 or \3 .IS or over to I I I 10 1,.0
I I
& excl. 6.00 0 I +25 I I I
16.00 or over tol + Not I 0 I 10 0 6.0 0 I I
I & excl. 20.0 I specified I I I I
120.0 or over I I I IS I I
I I I I I
0.4 IUnder 3.15 I I I 10 4.0 I I
0.5 13.1S or over tol I I 10 4.0 I I
I & excl. 6.00 I 0 I +30 I I I
16.00 or over tol + Not I 0 I 15 0 6.0 0 I I
120.0 or over I I I 15 I I
I I I I I
IUnder 3.15 I I I 10 4.0 I I
13.1S or over tal I I 10 4.0 I I
I & excl. 6.00 I 0 I +35 I I I
& 16.00 or over tal + Not I 0 I IS 0 6.0 0 I I
120.0 or over I I I IS I I
I I I I I
O.S Under 3.1S I I I I 10 4.0 I I
13.1S or over tal I I 10 4.0 I I
I & excl. 6.00 I 0 I +40 I I I
16.00 or over tol + Not I 0 I 1.2% 0 6.0 0 I I
120.0 or over I I I 1.2% I
I
~SEP Steel Handbook

-249-
JIS G3131-90
Table 6-16: Preferred Thicknesses (for SPHC) Unit:
1.20 1. 40 1. 60 1. BC 2.00 2.30 2.50 (2.60)

1(2.90) 3.20 3.60 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.60 6.00
1 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11. 00 12.00 12.70 13.00
Remarks: 1. The standard thickness not in parentheses should p

be used.
2. For the steel strip and cut lengtll!i therefrom, the
thicknesses of 12.70 mm or under s'.1all be applied.
Table 6-17: Preferred Standard Widths Unit:
600 630 670 710 750 800 850 900

950 1000 1060 1100 1120 1180 1200 1219
1300 1320 1400 1500 1521 1600 1700 1800
1900 2000 2100 2131 2138 2500 2600 2800
3048
Remark: For steel strip and cut lengths therefrom, the standard widths
2,000 mm or under shall be applied.
ASE~ Steel Handbook

-250-
6-18a: Chemical and Mechanical Property Requirements
, Tensile Test
I ~I------~I--------------------------~
I I I Elongation %
ig-I Chemical I Tensile I
ionl Compo- Istrength I Thickness Thickness Thickness
I sition,% I I 1.2 rom to 1.6 rom to 2.0 rom to
I I I (MPa) I 1. 6 rom 2.0 rom 2.5 rom
I PIS I I excl. excl. excl.
---1----11 1----11----
tandard 0.05010.0501 270 min. I 27 mlfl. 29 min. 29 min.
max. I max. I 1
0.04010.0401270 min. I 30 min. 32 min. 33 min.
max. I max. I I
Ini t: 10.03010.0351 270 min. I 31 min. 33 min. 35 min.
I max. 1 max. 1
914
1250 1. The C and Mn contents are not specified, but SPHC is manufactured
1829 from carbon steel having a C content of 0.15% or below and an Mn
3000 content of 0.60% or below. SPHD and SPHE are manufactured from
carbon steel having a C content of 0.10% or below and an Mn con-
tent of 0.5010 or below.
widths 2. Mechanical test values do not apply to abnormal parts of at both
ends steel stri~ (coils).
ASEf Steel Handbook

-251-
Table 6-18b: Chemical and Mechanical Property Requirements

(Cont'd.)
I Tensile Test
I
I I Elongation %
IDesig-1 Chemical
Inationl Compo- Thickness Thickness Thickness I
I I sition,% 2.5 rom to 3.2 mrn to 4.0 rom andlTest
I I I 3.2 rom 4.0 mrn and I
I I PIS excl. excl. over I
1 I I I I 3.15
ISPHC 10.05010.0501 29 min. 31 min. 31 min. I No. 5 4.00
1 1 max. I max. I I 5.00
ISPHD 10.04010.0401 35 min. 37 min. 39 min. I Rolling 6.30
I 1 max. I max. I I 10.00
ISPHE 10.03010.0351 37 min. 39 min. 41 min. I
max. Imax. I I
Remarks 1. The C and Mn contents are not specified, but SPHC is

from carbon steel having a C content of 0.15% or below 2.
content of 0.60% or below. SPHD and SPHE are manufactured
carbon steel having a C content of 0.10% or below and an M3
tent of 0.50% or below.
2. Mechanical test values do not apply to abnormal parts of at
ends steel strip (coils).
ASEP Steel Handbook,

-252-
ments Ie 6-19: Thickness Tolerance unit: mm
Nicth Under 1,600 to 2,000 to

1,600 2,000 excl. 2,500 excl.
Thickness
Under 1.25 0.16

1.25 to 1.60 excl. 0.18
1.60 to 2.00 excl. 0.19 0.23
2.00 to 2.50 excl. 0.20 0.25
2.50 to 3.15 excl. 0.22 0.29 0.29
3.15 to 4.00 excl. 0.24 0.34 0.34
4.00 to 5.00 excl. 0.45 0.55 0.55
5.00 to 6.30 excl. 0.50 0.60 0.60
6.30 to 10.0 excl. 0.55 0.65 0.65
to 16.0 excl. 0.55 0.65 0.65
s: 1. The values of tolerance in the table are unchangeable on plus or

minus side provided that the overall tolerance range is left un- I
changed.
2. The position of thickness measurement shall be taken on an arbitrary
point inside not less than 25 mm away from the edge for mill edged
m Mn steel strip and cut plate therefrom of not less 50 mm in width, the
central position for less than 50 mm in width. an arbitrary point
inside not less than 15 mm away from the edge for cut edged strip
and cut plate from it of not less than 30 mm in width and the cen-
tral position for less than 30 mm in width. It shall be an arbitrary
point inside of the assumed cutting line for as-rolled steel plate
having rims and an arbitrary point not less than 15 mm inside of the
edge for cut edged steel plate.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-253-
Table 6-20: Length Tolerance

,-
I i Tolerances
I I
Length Thickness 1-- I
I I A (Ordinary IB (Re-cutting,
I Cutting) !Precise Cutt I
I I
i j !
I Under 6.00 I +25 '+5 I
! I
I I 0 0
I Under 6,300 I
i !
i 6 . 00 and over +25 I +10
1
I Un
I I 0 I 0
I 3.
I I ! I 6.
I I Under 6.00 +0. 5'~ I +10
, 0 0
I 20
I 1 I I
1 6 ,300 and overl I I Un
I 16.00 and over +0.5% I +15
I 3.
I I 0 I 0
250 I 6.
I 20
I
I Un
/3.
400 I 6.
I 20
I
I Un
I 3.
630 I 6.
I 20
I
I Unl
to I 3.
I 6.1
. I 20
ASEP Steel Handbook

-254-
unit: 6-21a: Tolerance on Width Unit: rom
Tolerances I
---I
! Mi 11 Edged i Cut Edged
[---------1 i
Thickness I Steel Plates Steel Strip A(Ordinary ! B(Re-eutting or ! C
,! As Rolled and Cut Plate Cutting) (Precise Cuttinoi !(Slittino!
I'
! (Having Rim) lherefrom
--------------1.----.--
.
, -<
I Under 1.15 5 2_0 O, 3
11.15 to 6.00 exe!.1 +,
-' 6 J.0 O. 5
I 6.00 to 20.0 exel.1 10 4.0
I 20.00 and over 10
I
I Under 3.15 5 1.0 0.4
I 3.15 to 6.00 exel. 5 0 J.O 0 10.5
150 I 6.00 to 10.0 exel. 10 4.0 I
I 20.0 and over 15
I
I Under 1.15 1. 0 o, 5
I 1.15 to 6.00 exel. o 15 5 o J.O o 10. 5
400 I 6.00 to 20.0 exe!. t Not 10 4. 0
I 20.0 and over speei fied 15
I
! Under 3.-15 10 3.0 0.5
I 3.15 to 6.00 exel. o +20 10 o 3.0 o 10. 5
630 I 6.00 to 20.0 m!. t Not 10 5.0
I 20.0 and over speci fied o 15
I
I Under 3.15 10 4.0
to 13.15 to 6.00 mI. o t 30 10 o 4.0 o
16.00 to 20.0 exel. t Not 10 6.0
I 20.0 and over specified o 15
I
ASEP Steel Handbook

-255-
Table 6-21b: Tolerance on Width (Cont'd.)
Tolerances
Cut Edged
i
iWidth Thickness
!hll Edged
Stee i Plates Steel Strip

., A(Ordinary I SiRe-cutting or
I As Rolled and Cut Plate lutting) iPrecise Culting)
I (Having Rim) Therefrom I
I
,
,- ---,
I
11,000 Under LiS I

I
10 i 4. I)
Ito 3.15 to 5.00 ex c1. Ir 0 t 10 0 4.0 0
p,210 6.00 to 20.0 extl. I + %t 15 6.0
lexc!. 20.00 and over specified 15 Qual.
I
p,250 Under].IS 10 U
Ito 3.15 to 6.00 exc!. 0 2 10 4.0 0 SPC<
IUOO 6.00 to 20,0 excl. + Not "" 6.0
Iexcl. 20.0 and om specified 15 SPCI
I
p,600 Under ],15 10 4.0 SPCI
land 1.15 tc 6.00 exc!. 0 :5 10 0 4.0 0
lover 6.00 to 20.0 excl. , .lot 1,2% 6.0
I 20,0 and over specified 1.2%
I
I
Note: The tolerances on steel strip mill edged and cut plates
than 400 mm in width will be allowed to limit the minus side
ances to zero. In these cases, the tolerances on plus side
twice the value given in above table.
/
/
ASEP Steel Handbook

-256-
unit: JIS G3141-90
Standard Thickness Unit: mm
0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.20 1.40

i C 1. 80 2.00 2.30 2.50 (2.60) 2.80 (2.90) 3.20
i(Slitting)
I
! standard thickness not in parentheses should preferably be used.

J _ _- ;
I
Chemical Composition (%) [Informative reference]
C Mn P s
SPCC 0.12 max. 0.50 max. 0.040 max. 0.045 max.
SPCD 0.10 max. 0.45 max. 0.035 max. 0.035 max.
SPCE 0.08 max. 0.40 max. 0.030 max. 0.030 max.
For steel sheets and coils of grade 1/8 hard> 1/4 hard, 1/2 hard and
fuD hard> increase in hardness is achieved by sometimes changing
their chemical composition instead of by temper rolling.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-257-
Table 6-24a: Mechanical Properties

I
I , Test! Tension Lst
IClasslf-IDeslg- I
Ilcation Inatlon I IYield ITensile I
I I I !Strength IStrength I Elongation Min. Value II)
I I I iMax ValuelMin Value!
I I (l1Pa) I IMPa) I
I I I Nominal I ! 1 I I I
I I IThlckness! i 10. 25 to 10. 40 to 10.60 to 11.0 to 11.6 to
I ! I mmlinch)1 10.25 and 110.0;0) 110.016) 110.024) 110.039) 11 0. 063 )
I I ! ! 110.010) 10. 40 excllO.60 exclll.O exel 11.6 excl 12.5 exel I
I I ITempering! lover !10.016) 110.024) 110.03') !10.063) 11 0. 098 )
I I ISymbol! I I I I I
I 1--j---I-----1! I 1---1-
ICommer- I SPCC ! S,8,4, 11270) I (32) 134) 136) I 137) I (38)
Icial I SPCCT 2,1 1270 32 34 36 I 37 I 38
Iquality ! I I
I I I I
IDrawing ! SpeD S ,270 34 36 38 I 39 I 40
Iquality I I I
I I I I I
IDeep I SPCEN! S ,270 36 38 40 I 41 I 42
Idrawing I I I I
Iquality I ! I
Remarks: 1. In principle, tension test values shall not apply

when required by the customer the values in the
apply.
2. When tension test values or Erichsen values or both are
teed for SPCC in compliance with a customer's request, the
Tshall be given to the designation: SPCCT
3. In principle, the tension test shall be omitted for thickness
than 0.60 nun.
4. For SPCEN, non-ageing shall be guaranteed for a period
months from the date of shipment from the works.
indicates performance in which stretcher strain does not
during working process. The bending test shall be omitted
standard tempering.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-258-
e 6-24b: Mechanical Properties (Cont'd.)
Test: Tension test

DGsig R L _____, ______- - - - - - -..- - 1 _____________ .. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ --.!
nc:. ti on IYield iTensi Ie

5tle~ath :Strength '
i!'~ar. Va!\le!Min Viiltfe!
(MFa) (!'~Pal Typ2 iiIl:l !Type and
i ~of:1inaJ.I-,---~ _____'DiL;c,ticr, of f,!e,nd!ng 3.:.qle li:Si(;0 radLls 'Direction of
.n i ckness ,I :spEir.ens Isp-2cimens
I mm1inchli :0,25 ar.d
'(0,010)
.,
,iTemperinq! lover
,iSrJnbol
'
1-----+-.--,: ------1 --------.-.,--------.-! - - - ---' ----------- ..-- -_.--------------------

spec S,8,L I ( d70)
SPeeT 2, ) i270
n~. No, 3 \
speD ?270 Roll i ng Cl os i fig ko 1) in,g
di i;CtiOIi '['i qhU y di feetieri
43 s
} ____ ___L _____ " __________ -'-________.L_______ L. ____________ , ____________ L__________ c_________,
1.In principle, tension test values shall not apply to SPCC, but
thesis when required by the customer the values in the parenthesis shall
appl. -
are 2, Whel tension test values or Erichsen values or both are guaran-
, the teed for SPCC in compliance with a customer's request. the suffix
T shall be biven to the designation: SPCCT
:hickness 3. In principle, the ;~nsion test shall be omitted for thickness less
than 0,60 mm.
period 4. For SPCEN, non-ageing shall be guaranteed for a period of six
s. months from the date of shipment from the works. Non-ageing
indicates performance in which stretcher strain does not occur
during working process. The bending test shall be omitted for
standard tempering.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-259-
Table 6-25a: Mechanical Properties, SPCC, Temper-Designated
Temper I Hardness Bending test

I I I
I Temper I Symbol I HrB Hv Bending Inside
I I I angle radius
I I I
I Standard I S I 180' Closing ti
I Tempering I I
11/8 Hard I 8 I 50-71 95-130 180' Closing ti th
I I I
11/4 Hard I 4 I 65-80 115-150 180' 10.5 times the
I I I I thickness
11/2 Hard I 2 I 74-89 135-185 180' 11. 0 times the
I I I I thickness
I Hard I 1 I 85 min 170 min I
I I I I
Table 6-25b: Mechanical Properties, SPCC, Temper-Designated

(Cont' d. )
I
Temper Tensile Strength I Elongation, %
I I
Temper Symbol I (MPa) I
, I I I
I Standard I S I 270 min. I 32 min.
I Tempering I I I
11/8 Hard I 8 I 294-412 I 25 min.
I I I I
11/4 Hard I 4 I 373-490 I 10 min.
I I I I
11/2 Hard I 2 I 441-588 I
I I I I
IHard I 1 I 550 min. I
I I I I
I
ASEP Steel Handbook

-260-
Tolerance on Thickness
(,-26 : Thickness Tolerances A Unit: mm

I
.; Nominal Under 630 to 1000 to 1250 to 1600 I
Width 630 1000, excl. 1250, excl. 1600, exel. and overl
19htly Thickness I
I
19htly than 0.25 0.03 0.03 0.03 I
to 0.40, exe1. 0.04 0.04 0.04 I
the to 0.60, excl. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 I
0.80, exel. 0.06 0.06 ,0.06 0.06 0.07 I
the to 1.00, excl. 0.06 0.06 0.07 O.o.S 0.09 I
to 1. 25, excl. 0.07 0.07 O.OS 0.09 0.11 I
to 1.60, exel. 0.08 0.09 O .10 0.11 0.13 I
to 2.00, exel. 0.10 0.11 O .12 0.13 0.15 I
to 2.50, excl. O .12 0.13 O.14 0.15 O .17 I
to 3.15, exel. O .14 0.15 O .16 O .17 0.20 I
and over 0.16 O .17 O .19 0.20 I
nated
1. Tolerance on thickness, width and length are usually in accord-
ance with Table A.
I
ion, % I 2. When tolerances stricter than those in Table A are specified, the
tolerances shall comply with Table B.
I
I
I
lin. I
I
:lin. I
I
nino I
I
I
I
I
I
ASEP Steel Handbook

261

'---------_........._-------
T
Table 6-27: Thickness Tolerances B Unit:
I Nominal Under 160 to 250 to 400 to

Width 250, excl. 400, excl. 630,
I 160
INominal Thickness
I 1:
ILess than 0.10 O.OIO 0.020
10.10 to 0.16, excl. 0.015 0.020 ,000
10.16 to 0.25, excl. 0.020 0.025 ,0.030 0.030
10.25 to 0.40, excl. 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.035
10.40 to 0.60, excl. 0.035 0.04(1 0.040 0.040
10.60 to O.BO, excl. 0.040 0.04~ 0.045 0.045
10.BO to 1.00, excl. 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05
11.00 to 1.25, excl. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06
11.25 to 1.60, excl. 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06
11.60 to 2.00, excl 0.06 0.07 .to.OB 0.08
1 2 . 00 to 2.50, excl. 0.07 O.OB O.OB 0.09
1 2 . 50 to 3.15, excl. O.OB 0.09 0.09 O.IO
1 3 . 15 and over 0.09 O.IO O.IO O .11
Remarks: 1. Tolerance on thickness, width and length are usually in

ance with Table A.
2. When tolerances stricter than those ,n Table A are specified,
tolerances shall comply with Table B.
Table 6-28: Tolerance on Width Unit: t

t
Material Length Length
Nominal Width Tolerances '\ Tolerances B
Under 1,250 +7 +3
-0 -0
1,250 and over +10 +4

-0 -0
ASEP Steel Handbook

262
,]ni t: 6-29: Tolerance on Length Unit: rum
'. 'j to Material Length Length

:l, exel. Tolerances A Tolerances B
r 1,000 +10 +3
-0 -0
to 2,000, excl. +10 +4
030 -0 -0
035 to 3,000, excl. +15 +6
.040 -0 -0
. 045 to 4,000, excl . +15 +8
.05 -0 -0
.06 to 6,000, excl. +20
.06 -C'
.08
.09
.10
.1l Tolerance on Flatness Unit:
~
n ar:r:"rd- Flatness A Flatness B
Kind of
fied, UNClmll0a I Strain Bow Wavy Center Bow Wavy Center
Edge Buckle Edge Buckle
1,000 12 8 6 2 2 2
Unit: to l,250,excl.! 15 9 8 3 2 2
to l,600,excl.! 15 11 8 3 2
and over ! 20 13 9 5 4 2
,s B
The specification shall apply to cold-rolled steel sheets 500 mm or
more in width of standard temper grade. Unless otherwise specified,
Flatness A shall app!y.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-263-
T
PNS 127-88
Table 6-31: Preferred Standard Thickness Unit

Div
0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70
0.90 1. 00 1. 20 1. 40 1. 60 1. 80 2.00 2.30 Th
2.80 3.20
Table 6-32: Chemical Properties,%, max.

1
Class C Mn P S 2
3
1 0.12 0.50 0.040 0.045
2 0.10 0.45 0.035 0.035 1
3 0.08 0.40 0.030 0.030
2
3.
Table 6-33: Tensile Strength and Elongation of Tempers 1, 2, 4
and 8
Tension Test
Temper Tensile Strength, MPa Elongation, %
8 294-412 25 min.
4 373-490 10 min.
2 441-588
1 549 min.
ASEP Steel Handbook:.

264'
6-34: Tensile Strength and Elongation of Tempers A and S
Tension Test
Jni t:
Division bylTensile I
0.80 NominallStrength Elongation,%, min. I
2.50 Thickness,lMPa, min. 1 I
mml 1------------------11
I 0.25 & I 0.25 to 0.40 to 0.60 to 1.00 tq 1.60 to 2.5 &1
lover I 0.40, 0.60, 1.00, 1.60, 2.50, over I
I I exel. excl. excl. excl. exel. I
1--------1----1 I
1 275 I 32 34 36 37 38 39 I
S 2 275 I 34 36 38 39 40 41 I
3 275 I 36 38 40 41 42 43 I
045
035 1. The tension test values do not usually apply to Class 1, unless
030 specified by the purchaser.
2. Table 6-34 applies to steel. sheets and strips 30 mm or more .in width
but does not apply to those less than 0.60 mm in thickness.
/
3. For temper S, Class S where non-ageing of the sheet/strip is
2, 4 designated, the material shall have a six-month guarantee after
delivery by the manufacturer.
ASBP Steel Handbook

265
6-40 Steel Flat Prod~cts
Table 6-35: Thickness Tolerance A 6
Division byl 630 to 1,000 to 1,250 to

/
Nominal Width I 1,000, 1,250, 1,600,
Division by excl. excl. excl.
INominal Thickness
I
I Under 0.25 0.03 0.03
10 . 25 to 0.40, excl. I, 0.04 0.04
10 . 40 to 0.60, excl1 0.05 0.05 0.06
10 . 60 to 0.80, excl1 0.06 0.06 0.07
10 . 80 to 1.00, excl1 0.07 0.08 0.09 6
1 1 . 00 to 1. 20, excl1 0.08 0.09 :!;0.10
11 . 20 to 1. 60, exc1. I 0.10 O .ll 0.12
11. 60 to 2.00, excl. I :1:0.11 0.12 0.14
12 . 00 to 2.50, excl. I 0.13 0.14 0.16
12 . 50 to 3.20, excl I 0.15 0.16 0.18
13 . 20 and over I 0.17 0.19 0.20
Table 6-36: Thickness Tolerance B Unit:

I I
I DivIsion byl Under 160 to 250 to 400
I Nominal Widthl 160 250, 400, 630, Divi
IDivision by I excl. excl. excl.
I Nominal Thickness I Under
I --1
I Under 0.10 I 0.010 0.020 2,000
10 ;10 to O. 16, excl. I 0.015 0.020
10 . 16 to 0.25, excl. I 0.020 0.025 0.030 4,000
10 . 25 to 0.40, excl. I 0.025 0.030 0.035
10 . 40 to 0.60, excl1 0.035 0.040 .<0.040
10 . 60 to 0.80, excl I 0.040 0.045 0.045
10 . 80 to 1. 00, excl1 0.040 0.050 0.050
11.00 to 1. 20, excl. I 0.050 0.050 0.050
11. 20 to 1. 60, excl. I 0.050 0.060 0.060
11. 60 to 2.00, excl. I 0.060 0.070 0.060
12 . 00 to 2.50, excl. I 0.070 0.080 0.080
1 2 . 50 to 3.20, excl. 1 0.080 0.090 0.090
1 3 . 20 and over I 0.090 0.100 0.100
ASEP Steel HandbaaL

266
Unit: 6-37: Width Tolerance A Unit: mm

I
1,600 I Division by Nominal Width
and I
over I Under 1,250 1,250 and over
I
I +7 +10
I 0 0
I
I
0.08 I
O. ).0 I 6-38: Width Tolerance B Unit: mm
0.12 I
0.14 I Division by Nominal Width
0.16 I
0.18 I Under 1,250 1,250 and over
0.20 I
I +3 +4
I

6-39: Length Tolerance A Unit: mm
Division by Nomillal Length I Tolerance

excl.
1
Under 2,000 I +10
I
2,000 to 4,000, excl. I
+15
0.030
I 0
4,000 to 6,000, excl. I +20
0.035
I
O.040
O.045

0.050
0.060
ASEP Steel Handbook

-267-
Table 6-40: Length Tolerance B
, Division by Nominal Length

I
I Tolerance
I I 6
I Under 1, 000 I +3
I I a
I 1,000 to 2, OOO,excl. I +4
I I a
, 2,000 to 3,000, excl. I +6 a
I I 0 o
I 3,000 to 4,000, excl. I +8 o
I I 0 a
L- o
o
Table 6-41: Flatness Tolerance o
a
I Classification Buckling Elongation o
I of Warpage I Wave of Edge 0,
IDivision of I 0,
INominal Width I O.
I 1-------1------ - - - - - O.
lunder 1,000 I 12 8 6 l.
11,000 to 1,250,excl I 15 10 8 l.
11,250 to 1,600,excl.l 15 12 9 l.
11,600 and over 20 14 10 1.
1.
Notes: 1. Buckling wave is the warpage of the entire width of 1.
strip. 1.
2. Elongation of edge is the warpage of edges of the sheet
3. Elongation of center is the warpage of the center of
strip.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-268-
ASTM A446M-87
e 6-42: Preferred Sheet Dimensions
Recommended Recommended Recommended

Thicknesses, mm Widths, mm Lengths, mm
0.el5 2.0 300 2,000

0.40 2.2 400 2,500
0.45 2.4 500 3,000
0.50 2.5 600 3,500
0.55 2.6 800 4,000
0.60 2.8 1,000 4,500
Unit: 0.65 3.0 1,200 5,000
0.7 3.2 1,500 6,000
ration 0.75 3.4 2,000 8,000
mter 0.8 3.5 2,500 10,000
\
0.85 3.6 3,000 12,000
0.9 3.8 3,500 14,000
0.95 4.0 4,000 16,000
6 1.0 4.2 5,000 18,000
8 1. 05 4.5
9 1.1 4.8
10 1.2 5.0
1.4 5.5
.:1e sheet 1.6 6.0
1.8
r strip.
he sheet
ASEP Steel Handbook

269
-------------------_ _ - - - _ _ .. ... ....... ...

Table 6-43; Chemical Requirements
I Composition,%
I
I Grade
I
A B C DA E F Over
I I
I I
I Carbon, max. I 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.40 0.20
I Phosphorus, max. I 0.04 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.04 1,5C
I Sulfur, max. I 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
I Copper, when copper I 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20
I steel. is specified, mini
I
A Class 1 and 2. or UI
the
Table 6-44; Mechanical Requirements, Base Metal
Yield Point, min Tensile Strength, Elongation

Grade I MPa (ksi) min MPa (ksi) nun (2 in. )
I %
I I
IA I 230 (33) 310 ( 45) 20
!B I 255 ( 37) 360 ( 52 ) 18
IC ! 275 ( 40 ) 380 (55) 16 Over
ID Class 11 345 (50) 450 (65) 12
ID Class 21 345 (50) 12
lEA 550 8 (80) 570 (82) 1,50(
I
IF I 345 ( 50 ) 480 (70) 12
A If the Rockwell B result is 85 or higher, ro tension test is required,
8 The yield point approaches the tensile strength and since
there is no halt in the gage or drop in the beam, the yield point unequ
be taken as the stress at 0.5% elongation, under load. the t,
ASEP Steel Handbook

-270-
,Table 6-45a: Thickness Tolerances of Hot-Dip Galvanized Sheet A
Specified Width, mm Thickness Tolerance, Plus and Minus, mm

For Specified Thickness, mm S
Over 0.4 Over 1.0

Over Through Through 0.4 Through 1.0 Through 1.5
0.50 I 1,500 0.08 0.10 0.13

0.04 I 1,500 0.10 0.13
0.04 I
0.20 I A Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than 10 mm
from a side rdge.
I B Regardless of whether total thickness tolerance is specified equally
or unequally, over and under, the total tolerance should be equal to twice
the tabular tolerances.
I
hble 6-45b: Thickness Tolerances of Hot-Dip Galvanized Sheet A
I
:l in 501 (Cont I d.)
min, I Specified Width, mm Thickness Tolerance, Plus and Minus, mm
I For Specified Thickness, mm B
I
20 I Over 1.5 Over 2.0 Over 2.5
18 I Over Through Through 2.0 Through 2.5 Through 5.0
16 I
12 I 1,500 0.15 0.20 0.23
12 I 1,500 0.15 0.23 0.23
I
; 12 I ( A Thickness is measured a t any point across the width not less than 10 mm
luired. from a side edge.
B Regardless of whether total thickness tolerance is specified equally or
nt unequally, over and under, the total tolerance should be equal to twice
the tabular tolerances.
ASEP Steel Handbook

271
PNS 67-86 e
Table 6-46: Standard Nominal Thickness Unit:
0.20 0.40 1. 00 0.25 0.50 1. 20 0.30 0.60

0.35 0.80 1. 60
Note: The nominal thickness of sheets and coils is tte thickness of the
metal in millimeter measured prior to galvanizing.
Th
Table 6-47: Standard Width and Length Unit:
IStandard Width Standard Length

1
1 760 1830 2140 2440 2750 3050
1 915 1830 2140 2440 2750 3050
1 1,000 2140 2440 3050
1 1,220 2440 3050
Table 6-48: Thickness Tolerance Unit:
Widthl Under 1,000 1,000 to 1,220

1Nominal 1
1Thickness 1
1 1
IUnder 0.25 1 0.04 0.04
10.25 to 0.40, excl. 1 0.05 0.05
0.40 to 0.60, exc1. 1 0.06 0.06
0.60 to 1. 00, excl. 1 0.07 0.07
1. 00 to 1. 60, excl. 1 0.09 0.10
1. 60 1 0.12 0.13
Note: 1. Thickness is measured at any point across th8 width not less
mm from the side edges.
ASEP Steel Handbook

272-
e 6-49: Tolerance on Width and Length Unit:mm
Division Tolerance
Width +10
1. 40
o
--------------------------1
Length +15 I
the
o I
The actual length of coils must not be less than the nominal length.
'Uni t:
3660
3660
3660
3660
,220
ess than
ASEP Steel Handbook

-273-
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-274-
-~
Design Examples 7-1A
PART?
DESIGN EXAMPLES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-275-
7-1B Design Examples
NOTES
IXdilllJ;'.l E
~.lI' (jill1~' j E
ASEP Steel Handbook

-276-
Design Examples 7-1
CONTENTS
. Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '" " .. 7-2
. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
# 1 - Desigll of a Purl in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
Ie # 2 - Desigr, o:f a Strut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _

7 17
# 3 - Design of a Beam . . . . . . . . . " ... " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
# 4 - Design of a Column with

Uni-Axial Rencling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-26
Example # 5 - Design of a Column wi th

Bi-Axli'11 nc, ndin 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . 7-35
ASEP Steel Handbook

277.-
7-2 Design Examples
NOMENCLATURE
Symbol Definition
B Flange width of section or shorter leg of
tubular section
DL Dead load of the member
F Basic design stress component of inertia
Basic design stress component normal to
/ the roof
FT Basic design stress component parallel
to the roof
~Y Specified yield stress of structural steel

Importance factor
LL Live load acting on the member
M Bending moment
MN Bendi.ng moment. normal to the roof
MT Bending moment parallel to the roof
P Concentrated load
P DL Concentrated dead load
P LL Concentrated live load
r Radius of gyration
rx Radius of gyration about x-x axi.s
Radius of gyration about Y-Y axis
~r Wind Load
ASEP Steel Handbook

-278-
Design Examples 7-3
DESIGN EXA~lPLES
A total of five design examples are presented in this Part

of the handbook to demonstrate simple design procedures of
mm ,typical structural steel members commonly encountered in actual
N/m using the various tables in the Steel Handbook.
MPa
The first example is that of a purlin. Light gage purlins
MPa comprise approximately twenty percent (20%) of the total weight
of a structural steel roof structure. Normally. a purlin is
MPa considered to be a simply supported beam. but the design of which
MPa is complicated by the presence of sag rods. The purlin design is
further complicated by the inclination of the roof. which pro-
N/m stresses along the normal and tangential axes of the pur-
kN-m Concepts related to the design of purlins are discussed
kN-m to the presentation of the calculations. Post installation
kN-m of other trades which affect the integrity of the
kN ~rlins and accessories are also discussed in order to alert the
kN designer about some of the more common of these practices.
kN
mm A typical strt.t is discussed as the second example. Inexpe-
rom rienced designers may design a strut just to comply with the
rom '''"WUt!rness ratio requirement of the NSCP. However. struts play
N/m vital role they being a lateral support. For an unusually wide
building. struts (together wi. th the rod braces) are
critical to the structural stability under wind load paral-
to the ridge or longitudinal axis of the buildi.ng. The first
struts are the most critically-loaded element and deserve
careful consideration. Failure to properly analyze struts
result in a building collapse with its trusses behaving
a "fallen" deck of cards.
The third example is that of a simple. roof beam carrying a

at the center. typical of a situation where wide column
is required. While the calculations for a simple beam
a center load is only presented in this design example.
r important simple beam type members commonly encountered in
ice are also discussed. Examples of these members are floor
ng "filler" beams. Crane runway girder. although simply
ASEP Steel Handbook

279
t
7-4 Design Examples
supported, are not really simple in design as they are subj

to moving lateral traction loads, transversely and longituu",,,..
ly, in addition to vertical moving loads. To complicate
design, most of the time, either a "welded" built-up asymmetri
section or a combination of two rolled shapes is used.
The fourth example is a column usually found in

structural steel buildings. Mill building columns,
"indoor" traveling cranes, are also discussed to introduce
designers to other "special" columns that are encountered
actual practice. ApproximC'.te manual designing concepts I
discussed. A preview to more "sophisticated" design methods
given. Anchor bolts are also discussed. Tips on the design
proach depending on the magnitude and nature of the forces on
anchor bolts are also presented. Related topicS on footings
also discussed.
The fifth example is that of a column in a high-rise

ing subjected both to simultaneous vertical load and bi-axi
bending. In all probability, the design of such a bi-axi
loaded column, under present "state-of-the-art", is implemlenlt&
with the use of sophisticated computer analysis and
software. Nevertheless, it is important that the designer
aware of the design method, in order to "demystify" the Ste
process. Also, it is necessary sometimes tocheck the
output with actual "hand" calculations, just to be sure that
computer is not producing garbage.
A brief discussion vf pertinent information useful to

designer is presented prior to the actual calculations invu.Lva
in the manual design process. Design concepts focused on
particular examples are presented to force the designer to
at the problems more intimately and have a clearer view of
"design philosophy" behind the concepts. Comprehensive
related to the design of the particular member are also discUSIIS
to have complete perspective of the locdlized structural
"vis-a-vis" the overall design of the whole structure.
Information or data, not specifically provided by the

were obtained from standard practices of experienced s
steel designers. These data had become and adopted as good
neering practice, after several years of successful
ASEP Steel Handbook

-280-
Design Examples 7-5
structural engineers, steel. fabricators and manufac-
Experienced steel designers will probably find the examples

simple or uncomplicated. To these "elite" colleagues, their
and valuable constructive criticisms are expected. On
other hand, the "updated" property tables and the additional
diagrams will be a wealth of information rarely published in
juce Ie reference book.
',mtered
'1cepts
'.uethods
It is hoped that with these design examples, incorrect
assumptions and practices of inexperienced design
,
jesign IIY.l1~ers in structural steel may be addressed and hopefully
('ces on nrr'Arred. Inste2d of the slow, sad and painful learning process
:Jtin'Js mistakes, it is faster, joyful and wiser to learn from the
ence of others, some of whom had probably gone through the
learning process themselves.
j the other hand, for the young civil engineers, these

bi-ax~ ...u examples may serve as their guide, to help them in their
imp 1 emen't4 step towards the satisfying adventure in structural steel
and by understanding the proper approach to the design of
structural members and the use of the various tables in
Steel Handbook.
e that
ul to
s
ed on
er to
ew
ive
a di:;c.u",,,,
al el
the
struc
good
ASEP Steel Handbook

-281-
7-6 Design Examples
EXAMPLE # I - DESIGN OF A PURLIN
General
Light gage sections are normally used as purl ins suppo

roofings and as girts supporting wall claddings. Lines of
rods are necessary for purlin alignment and as their intermed1~
supports along the weak axis. The number of lines of sag F
depends on the purlin span or bay distance between the 1
trusses, rafters or frames. A sag rod spacing of about 1.50
considered i~eal for light gage purl ins. Engineers re~lu1r
follow the sag rod spacing standard indicated below:
Number of Lines Max. Bay Distance
1 3.00 m
2 4.50 m
3 6.00 m
T
The roof slope commonly used by Engineers is about 1
cal to 4 ~orizontal, except where there are constraint or spec
reasons necessitating a more gentle or a steeper slope.
standard or lesser roof slopes supporting Galvaaized Iron (G.
or asbestos roofing sheets, 51~ ..!?.1lU1) diameter sag rods are
adequate. For roofs with steeper slopes supporting heavy roof
(such as concrete) tiles, or unusually heavy live load (such
in "lahar" areas), larger diameter sag rods may be necessary. Ir
Roofing sheets are usually connected to the purl ins by

of the following fasteners: c
(1) Flat G. I. straps with rivets Ro

(2) G. I. wire straps ord
( 3) Hook bolts, and
(4) IITek" screws/rivets us
Where hook bolts are to be used, the hook should engage

entire width of the lower flange of the light gage purlin and pur
just the "down-turned" lip of the top flange of the purlin.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-282-
Design Examples 7-7
For a typical roof, without a ridge monitor or ventilator

the lowermost roof panel shall be provided with a truss
consisting 0 ' bent sag rods (diagonals) and purlin struts
rticals) in line with the straight sag rods. The ridge panel
(space between the two ridge purl ins) shall be provided with
struts only. The ~dea is to provide a positive method of
of ixing the alignment of the purl ins within the bay.
For a roof with a ridge monitor or ventilator frame, both

he lowermost and uppermost roof panel shall be provided with a
.50 In this special case, the pe,ak strut is no longer
Where the roof is very steep, roof slopes 40' or steeper,

trussed roof panels are required, so that the tangential
are properly taken cared of. Otherwise, larger diameter
rods are required on the upper part of the slope in addition
heavier ridge purl ins.
The panel tr'lSs system is designed for the cumulative tan-

reaction forces (at the sag rod locations), of all the
placed below the panel truss system. The "strutted"
)e. (top and bottom) chord of the panel truss system are
for axial load and bi-axial bending. The compression
purl ins may have to be reinforced or doubled, if
i3ary. In standard roof slopes, with a truss top chord wind bracing
having no distinct top chord strut~ intermediate "trussed"
is by may also be required. The purlin flanked by top chord
connections has to function as a "strutted" purl in.
Roof cladding is sometimes assumed to be a rigid diaphragm.

to justify this assumption, however, it shall have
fixity to the purlins. This can be accomplished with
use of "Tek" screws or rivets directly fastened to the top
of the purlin. The other fastening systems may not effec-
gage prevent relative movement along the longitudinal axis of
,n and
in.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-283-
(
7-8 Design Examples
Purlin Design
In this particular example, the purlin is not part

panel truss system. The roof is an inclined plane and b
the design thereon loads have to be resolved into
normal and tangential (perpendicular and paral.'el, respecti
to the roof.' The purlin is supported tangentially by
lines of sag rods. The purlin behaves as a simply supported
in the normal direction and as a 4-span continuous beam in ~n'nn'()r
tangential direction. Along the tangential spans, the purlins

assumed to be as follows:
(1) The end supports (at the trusses) and inte

supports (at sag rod locations) are co-linear.
(2) For simplici.ty, although the tangential are
applied at the top flanges they are assumed to
through the shear center, therefore the purl ins
analyzed disregarding torsional stresses.
(3) Top flanges are effectively supported in the Pl
direction by the roofing sheets. Si
The design illustrates the more common Situation where GE

purlin is used for the roof a typical building without large
or end wall openings. The critical cowpressive stress is on
top flange which is assumed to be full~' laterally supported
the roofing sheets. The bottom flange may undergo compress
stresses for dead and wind load combination, but the stresses
still within the allowable values considering lateral
at sag rod locations. HE
There are special applications where the bottom flange

be critical such as when there' is substantial internal rc
or external suction. Special attention should be given
following:
(1) Purlins on canopies,

(2) Buildings with one side open and three sides
and
(3) Cantilevered roofs over bleacher seats.
ASEP Steel Handbuok

-284-
Design Examples 7-9
For such situations, ordinary sag rods may not be able to provide
effective lateral supports against torsional buckling. Short
of struts (with angle connectors at both ends) instead of sag rods
may be necessary. The length of the angle connector shall be
equal to the depth of the purlin. Two bolts located as near as
sible to the flanges shall be provided. The struts, located
T opposite sides of the web of the purlin, commonly connected by
:ed two bolts, will then provide the necessary stiffness to
in SUtlDort_ the purlin laterally, especially the bottom flange.
Lins .
Sometimes, purl ins are made to support loads which were not
-considered in the origina_1_ design. These "extraneous" loads are
air conditioning duc~s, sprinkler piping systems, electrical
condui ts and cei lings. Furthermore, "unscrupulous" trade con-
hang their wares for convenience onto the purl ins using
to ther G.I wire, or small diameter rods, or 50 mm x 50 mm wooden
ins Worse, wire or rod hangers are sometimes supported, not
the purlin itself, but on the sag rod. So the sag rod bends
pulls the purlins laterally out of alignment. The purlin
sags and twists resulting in a se:lous maintenance problem.
ere Generally, conduit pipes (for lighting purposes) and minor

rge :piping (for sprinkler systems) may be permi tted but not electro-
on me,cnanl1cal process piping (such as for plants and factories).
rted ;Ceiling (on either aluminum or steel T-runners) may also be
lerated but not conventional plywood ceiling on (either 50 mm x
mm or 50 mm x 100 mm) nailers.
Heavier non-metal roofing, such as brick, clay or concrete

les, may be supported by light gage purlins with closer spacing
cnge required by design or by the method of support recommended by
pressure roof tile manufact-,rer. The advantage of these type of
to the type" of roofing is that there will be no uplift on the
ASEP Steel Handbook

-285-
------------- -----.---
7-10 Design Examples
EHAMPLE #1 - DESIGN OF A PURLIN Sht. EH 1.1
GiVE N
3pan, I.. = 5.00 rn. Wind
Roof 310pe Angle, IX = 14.030 deg. Dead 7ang!
(Jurlin 3pacing, 3 = 1.00 rn. live DI..
No. of Ones of Sag Rods = 3 LI..
Height of Roof = 6.00 rn.
Wind Zone = 2
Exposure Category = B
Irnportance factor, I = ! \
70p flange fully supported laterally by roofint}.
30W710N REFERENCE
Dead I..oads:
G.I. Roofing = n.on Pa
Purlln & Access., say = 08.00 (Ja
7otal, rz, = 14000 pa
UVe I..oad.
f = 1000.00 Pa NSCP Teble 2.1C
Wind I..oad. (Method 1 - Norrnal force Method)

3tagnation Pressure, qs = 1560.00 Pa NSyP Fi g. 2.3-A
Cornbined height, Exposure
& Gust Coefficient, Ce = 0.07 NSCP Teble 2-J
Shape Coefficient, C'1 = - 0.90 (Suction) NOTE:
= 0.30 ((Jressure)
Purli ns are
Design Wind f)ressure, ~ = Ce C'1q., I
considered parts of
Suct ion = 007(- 090)! 500.00(! ) = - 90450 Pa pri mary frames.
(Jressure = 0.67(0.30) 150000(1 ) = 30150 Pa
Norrnal I..oads 0er Uneal Meter.
DC rz, S cos IX = 140.00(100)(097) = !35.82'Nlrn
1..1... q S cos IX = !OOO.OO( !OO )(097) = 970 14 N Irn Mo
WI... ~ S =- 90450(!00) = --90450 N.'rn (Suction) rnic
= 30150(100) = 301 SO N Irn (Pressure) ate
roo
ASEP Steel Handbook

286
-
"~"'N"',~,V~"'.''''''~_~.'';''' "" - Y " ~~~";bC"'"
1.1
EHAMPLE # 1 - DESIGN OF A PURLIN '>tlt. f.H 1.2
FTFFRFNCF
!ad & Tangent ial Loads Per Lineal Meter.

jve DC q, S sin ex = 140.00(1.00) 0243 = 33.96 Nlm
U ~ S sin ex = 1000(100) 0243 = 243.00 Nlm
DES IGN LOAD COM/3 I NAT IONS

NCE
Case # ,,' (D + L)
WI( = 13S.82 + 97014 = I lOS 96 Nlm

WT = 3396 + 24300 = 27696 N 1m
; 2.1 C
WI( = 07S( I IOS.96 + 30 I 50) = 10SS.60 Nlm
Wr = 07S(3396 + 0) = ;:S47 Nlm
2.3-A
Case #3: 0.7S(D + WSuct. )
32-J
WI( = 0.7S(l3S82 -90450) = -S7652 Nlm
Wr = 07S(3396 + 0) = 2S47 Nlm
NOTE--) Case I GoVerns l
Calculat ion of Normal & Tangent lal /3endlng Moments.
Most proable crit Ical sect lo'ls are at the

mid-span (max. normal positiVe moment) and
at a point between the 1st and 2nd line of sag
rods.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-287-
EHAMPLE # 1 - DES 1GN OF A PURLI N Sht. EH 1.3
Normal /3ending Moments

REFERENCE
Part 9:
S'l mm .
Miscellaneous
1.25 m 1.25 m
Tables and Date
t-----'? X Sag Rods
A /3
=W(yX(I.-X)
MIj 2
327 3456
1.92 m
Normal /3ending Moment Diagram
At Section 0
/::'"
X = ) 25 + 0.536(125) = 192 m
Mw - (! !OS.96x 10-3 ) !92(S.OO - !92 )/2 ,
= 327 k.N-m
At Section 0 (Mid-Span) Trial
Mw = O.!25W(y /..2 = O!25(i 105.96xlO- 3 )(500l RE

= 346 kN-m
Tf
re
ASEP Steel Handbook

-288-
Design Examples 7-13
.1.3 EHAMPLE # 1 - DES IGN OF A PURLI N Sht. EH 1.4

NCE REFERENCE
Tangent ial /3ending Moment
~
0530(125) = 0.07 m
9:
~
, ,eous
! 2S m
(:4 /3
d Dete Pert 9:
Mi scell eneous
-0.0 3!
Tebles end Dete
Mr / I"- /
0.0!0
S'I mm
Tangent ial /3ending Moment Diagram
L =! 2S m Wr = 276.96 N/m
At Sect ion 0
Mr = 0.0304Wr12
= 00304(27690 X ! 0- 3 )(! 25)2
= 0.0!0 kN-m
At Section @
Mr = 007!4WrL2
= 0.07 ! 4 (27f, 90 X 10- 3 )( 125 i
= 0.031 kN-m
Trial Section:
Req'd Depth = U30 NOTE: I f den ect ion
= 5.00 X !03/ 3 0 is not criticel e
= 166.07 mm shell ower section
mey be used.
The closest I.C shape to satisfy depth
requirements is an I.C !75 mm
ASEP Steel Handbook

-289-
EHAMPlE # 1 - DES IGN OF A PURlIl\ Sht. EH 1.5
REFERENCE
7[\/. LC n5x50X20X20 rnrn
Pert 3: 7c
Ix = 2,021 X 10 3 rnrn'i Sx = 30.0 Xl 0 3 rnrn 3
Iy = 199 X 10 3 rnrn 'i Cold-Formed
Sy =55 xl0 3 rnrn 3
Xc = 14.2 rnrn Gage Shapes
sirni/(
c.g.
Xc
y
Norrnal 13ending Stresses
Norrnal flexural stresses at all points (1,2,3 & 4)
shall be calculated using the following:
fN = NJNI Sx
At point (j) of Sect ion 0)
MN = 327 kN-rn Sx = 30560 rnrn3
0v =(327xI0- 3 )1(300 xl0 3 X 10- 9)
!
=109.00MPa
ASEP Steel Handbook

-290-
1.5 EHAMPLE #1 - DESIGN DF A PURLIN Sht. EH 1.6

,NCE REFERENCE
langential /3endlng Strsses
'3: langentlal flexural stresses s0al/ be calculated
ed Light using t0e follow Ing
apes At pOints / & 3. fT = M/3y
At points 2 & 4 fT = MTXc! Iy
At point @of Section@
M = 0.0/6 kN-m Xc = /4/ mm
Iy = /99 x /03 mm 1
fT = 00 /6! ((! 99 x!o 411 4 / )( 10- 6))

= //2 M('a
Similar calculations yield t0e following tabulation.
I!1/3ULAlION Of S7RESSES
Moment (kN-m) 3.27 3'/6

/ - 10900 - / /5.33
2 - /0900 - / /5.33
Normal
'"'
<::l
Q.
3 /0900 / /5.33
4 10900 / /5.33
~
'I)
'I) Moment (KN-M) 0.0/6 -0031'
~
i-- -2.82 5.46
'0
2 / /2 - 2. 16
'"s:
'I)
langentlal
3 -282 546
<:: //2 - 2 i6
<ll 4
~
- / / / .82 - /09.87
Combined Z - 107.88 - / /749
Stresses 3 /06./8 /20.79 ( Maxlmu/li
4 / /0. /2 / /3./7
ASEP Steel H2ndbook

291-
7-16 Design Examplns
EHAMPLE # 1 - OES IGN OF A PURLI N Sht. EH 1.7
Since the maximum compressive stress is less than

the '/Jasic stress' of J23.6 Mf?a the trial section is
adequate.
The required minimum yield point of the materia!,
fy = 104.997/0.6 = J74995 Mf?a

T
Deflect ion
The deflect ion normal to the plane of the roof shall
be computed using:
WIIU = 970.J43 NIM /. = 5.0 M
E = 2x J0 8 Kf?a Ix = 2664 X 10 3 mm'1
Part 9:
o 5 WIILL /.4 5x970J4(JO-3)(500)'(J015) Mi see 11 aneous
= 384 E Ix = 384(2xJ08 )(2664 XJ03) Tables and Date
J4.82 rnm
Th
Allowable U deflect ion for f"lexible roofing (G. I.) el
= U J80 = 50001 J80 = 27.778 mrn ) 0 OK.!
me
In
Doul
ASEP Steel Handbook

-292-
1--
! Design Examples 7-17
EXAMPLE # 2 - DESIGN OF A STRUT

H 1.7
In the design of industrial buildings, the bottom chord of

roof trusses are supported laterally by horizontal struts at
regular intervals. These struts are normally designed as com-
pression members of a horizontal truss system to take care of
lateral wind loads perpendicular to the end walls.
These horizontal truss systems are called "braced" bays

'distributed eithe~ cortinuously or alternately along the length
the building. For an "all-steel" building, it is typical to
:-find the EOond bays as "braced" together wi th one or more interme-
bays. The bottom chord struts of the end bays are the
The advantage of con-tinuous bottom chord struts is the

-t 9: -distribution of the tote l. wind force into several bays resulting
Itlneous _in minimum sizes for the truss members. Not all the braced bays,
and Dtlte are considered effective because of axial deformation.
The advantage of having discontinuous bottom chord struts is

el.imination of the struts at the "unbraced" bays. However,
chord tie rods in line with the bottom chord struts are
required for the alignment and lateral support of the
chord. The disadvantage, however, is the high uplift and
forces at the bottom of the columns of the end braced bays,
may require heavy anchor bolts and footings.
In very rare instances, horizontal bottom chord struts may

required to take care of horizontal traction crane loads from
traveling cranes or traveling hoists from monorails, hanging
directly from the bottom chords of roof trusses.
Double angle web members of trusses and diagonals of single-

9raced panels are designed as simple struts. Single angle struts
shapes eccentrically loaded or connected, are designed as
compression members with bending moments about one or both
ipal axes.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-293-
Bottom chord struts come in various shapes or sectionn.

lightest are C-shaped light gage sections singly or two sect
connected back-to-back or as a closed box. Four light
formed into a box with intermediate welds on four sides or GiVe
bar separators are also very popular. Circular pipes may also
Lei
used but cost more than the aforementioned sh3pes.
Ax
Bottom chord struts, like purlirs, are generally Me
especially where there is a ceiling. 1'he strut is made to Us
port the ceiling, air conditioning ducts and electro-mE,cIlal~l,~aJ
piping. The strut becomes a beam-column instead of an axial
loaded compression member as originally designed, The
situation is when the strut is cut because it is on the
some facilities. This may be allowed for a long building prov
ed the strut is installed somewhere at the middle of the longi Requ,
dinal axis of the building beyond the numb"r of braced Requi
assumed to be active for wind bracing. For a short building r
a few braced bays, however, this may not be tolerated.
Try: I
Diagonal members may also function as compression ,ti

struts, such as in Chevron, V- or K-bracing systems. In - (Q
systems, secondary lateral suppcrts along the weak axis, may al
be required for the brace if it is made up of double angles or /1",
J.()lil.JC C
H-shaped section. These type of steel sections are typical
diagonals in self-supporting antenna towers and in roof trll'''''''.
KL
with long spans.
For unusually long struts, such as diagonal

the base of a tall self-supporting antenna tower, or for
through-type bridges, struts are usually composed of four
or two channels, with single or double lacing on the open
of the composite or built-up member.
I
Strut DeSign
This particular example demonstrates the use of a

Tee section (BWT Series) as a bottom chord strut. In this
pIe it is not necessary to reduce the stresses since Therei
width-to-thickness ratio of both flange and web are within bendir.
desirable values, i.e.,the reduction factor 08'= 1.0.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-294-
[HAMPLE #2 - DES IGN DF A STRUT Sht. EH. 2.1
Given:
Length, L = 6.00 m (J ~C:I====:=JIE-- (J
lixial Load, (J = 4000 kN
Material Yield Strength, fy = 245 M(Ja
Use !3w/t--{jp Tee Shape (!3W7)
SOWT fuN REFERENCE
Required Slenderness I\atio: KUr = 200

Required radius of gyration.' K = 1.00
r = kU200 = (6.00x 1000)1200 = 30.00 mm
. Try' !3WT 125x!7 Part 1: Built- Up
S ha pes
Ii = 2190 mm 2 r x =346 mm
: Qa = 1.00. ry =35.8 mm <-- Use thisl
(.h'~'c = j ~
1'/ ---p;- = 2 (7[2)(2x 10
245
5
) = 12694
.
lieal
KUr = (6 OOx1000)132S = 167.6 say 168
Refer to ALLOWABLE
Since KUr '> Cc the allowable compressiVe stress is.' COMPRESSIVE STRESS
rs
fa = 3649 m(Ja Table. Val ue of Ca does
not appl y when
Qa = 1.00
KLir > Cc
Qs = 1.00
If there is no val ue for
Capac ity,
Qs on BWT Shapes Table
(J cap = (Qa)(Qs)(fa)(li) use Qs = 100
=(100)(100)(3649 X)03 )(2190 xI0- 6)
= 7991 kN '> (J
s
nee Therefore trial section is veC/.. adeguate, f!Ven if
hin bending due to self weigh: is inrluded.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-295-
EXAMPLE # 3 - DESIGN OF A BEAM
General
In the design of beams, . the allowable bending stress

pends on the lateral supports of the compression flange.
lateral support is assumed for simply supported floor (
supporting concrete slabs. Usually, filler beams
wooden or steel floor joists may be considered as fully (
except for in cases where the joist spacing is unusually wide.
It is very rare where the loaded flange of a beam has

lateral support. A crane runway girder is a typical example
this extra ordinary condition. The principal load of a
girder comes from the vertical and horizontal wheel reactions
Tt
the Lraveling bridge crane. For light cranes, the end trucks
per
saddles are provided only with two whe0.ls. Heavier cranes
eight wheels per saddle not uncommon.
The traveling crane bridge cannot be considered a

support for the compression flange of the crane runway
That is why it is not uncommon to find the top (comp'rE'SEli~
flange of crane runway girders substantially wider ~han
bottom (tension) flange. For this type of crane runway
the top flange alone is made to resist horizontal bending
from the side thrust of the crane wheels, in addition
vertical bending moment due to the traveling crane wheel
In other words, the maximum stress on the top flange of
runway girder is equal to:
(1) The flexural stress of the crane runway girder due

vertical loads, and
(2) The flexural stress of the compression flange only The
to the lateral loads.
For very heavy crane systems, the crane runway girder

its own horizontal truss at the level of the top flange to
lateral support. In this situation, the top flange of the
girder acts also as one of the chords of the horizontal
system. Calculations are complex becaus3 the top flange
as a continuous chord of the lateral truss loaded with a
ASEP Steel Handbook

296
moving load, resulting in local horizontal bending. The most

critical positioning 07 the wheels will have to be determined
(probably by cut and try method) that will produce the maximum
bending moment at a particular peint along the top
Therefore, the maximum stress on the top flange of the
5S runway girder is equal to:
r beams (1) The flexural stress of the crane runway girder due to
pporting vertical wheel loads, plus
upported (2) The axial stress of the top flange as a chord of the
wide. horizontal truss, and
(3) The flexural stress of the compression flange due to
has lateral loads, wilen the set of wheels are positioned to
mple produce the maXlnum horizontal bending moment.
ions The deflection in a crane runway girder is very critical to

'ucks or performance of the traveling crane bridge, that is why it is
les with standard practice to limit its deflection to 1/1000 of the span.
There had been serious maintenance problems for traveling cranes
Isupp.orted by slender crane runway girders. Tile traveling crane
motor gets overloaded, slows down or burns out when it starts
girder. negotiating the upward climb from the lowest point of a sagged
Jression)
,~han the
girder, Inadequately designed top flanges of crane girders also
:J moment serious maintenance problems on the crane runway girders.
to the necessary that the crane rails (which are fixed to the top
al runway girder flange) are made parallel throughout the
of of the runway_ However, due to lateral buckling of the
flange (during the passage of the crane) or permanent lateral
due to yielding, the top flange, together with the
due to out of alignment.
only There had been instances where misalignment of the crane

such magnitude that the crane stalled because of
side friction between the crane rails and the saddle
rder So much friction force is generated along the inner and
to act edges of the rails where the misaligned rails are at their
:he t and farthest distance to each other. In very serious
:al Icas:es, the crane gets derailed which could lead to serious damage
to the collapse of the traveling crane.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-297-
The design of crane runway girders, es!,cially for the

heavy crane systems, is rather complicated and beyond the
of the presented examples, especially since there are no table
properties yet for asymmetrical beam sections in this GIVE
Handbook. The above discussion, however, hopes to alert
ers on the special care that should be observed in the design
Spa
Con,
this particular type of beam.
DI
U
Beam Design fy;
LatE
The example presented in Example # 3 is that of a roof tI1itJI
spanning two bays, carrying a roof truss at mid-span, with
bottom chord directly resting on the top flange of the beam,
truss is assumed to be laterally sUPJorting the beam.
assumption is valid only if there is complete horizontal
chord truss bracing system on both sides of the roof
Otherwise, the distance between lateral supports for the
sion flange shall be the entire beam span.
For lateral supports of compact compression flanges

exceeding Lc ' the allowable compressive bending stress is 0.6
Otherwise, the allowable stress becomes 0.60F y only. For 71)
sections with lateral supports exceeding Lc but not more than
the allowable bending stress is also 0.60F y . For lateral
ports exceeding Lu ' the allowable bending stress is less
0.60F y .
Normally, for ordinary welded built-up beam spans, it

sufficient to use minimum fillet welds connecting the flanges
the web. The minimum size of fillet welds are shown on
4.17.2A, page 4-50 of the NSCP. However, for beams with
concentrated loads, the minimum weld has to be checked for
7he
shear stresses and increased, if necessar}.
wit!
/3/~
IX ;
rt;
/3;
ASEP Steel Handbook

-23.8-
Ie very
scope EHAMPLE #3 - DESIGN OF A BEAM Sht. EH. 3.1
:able of
-; Steel GIVEN
design- P 0 8 }OO kN '
Span, L ~ }O.O rn.
~
:lign of
Concentrated Load at Mid Span. w
N =36.00 kN
U = 45.00 kN
fy = 248 MPa
Lateral support, Lb ~ 5.00 rn.
)f beam, Minirnurn f3earn Depth = U30
i th the
'im. The
This SOLU110N REFERENCE
bottom
truss. Calculate f3ending Moments.
compres-
Assurne self weight, w = 050 kN Irn
Due to P = PU4 = 8} .00 x 1O.001 LI = 20250kN-rn
ges not Due to w ~ vIL218 = 050(} 000 )218 = 6. 25 kN-rn
O.65F y ' 70tal M =208.75kN-rn
compact 7ry cornpact sectionfb = 0.66 fy : }63.68 Mra
than L u '
al sup- Req'd Section Modulus,
ss than Sr = Mlfb = 20875('0 6 )1(16368)
= } ,275.35 x} 0 3 rnrn 3
Req'd depth = 500(10 3 )130 ~ }66.67 rnrn

it is
mges to
m Table 7rial Sect ion.
:h heavy
)r actual 7he nearest qual ify ing 13W sect/on is f3W 450 x 83
with the following properties.
f3121f = 625 HIAf=0}4}

IX = 362 X } 0 6 rnrn 4 Sx=} ,6!lx10 3 rnrn 3
rt = 52.3 rnrn Hltw = 45.00 Part 1: Built-up
f3 = 200 rnrn S ha pes
BW Series
ASEP Steel Handbook

-299-
T
I
; 7-24 Design Examples
EHAMPlE # 3 - DES IGN OF A BEAM Sht. EH. 3.2
Check. 3ection for ComJ?actness: REFERENCE
flange: /312tf = 025 ( 10.80 OK!

Web. Hltw =45.00 ( 100.00 OK!
---) 7herefore sect ion is compact.
70 be able to use an allowable bending stress of

0.06fy, the unsupported length of the compression
flange shall not exceed the Value of Lc.
Req'd
Compute, La = 200/3 I fy = (200x200)lj248
= 2,540.00 mm (Lb
or = 138,0001(HIAf)fy NSCP 4.5.1.4. 1 is
= 138,0001{(0141)248)
Sub- Paragraph 5
=3,940.47mm ( Lb Since
a roo
3ince Lb is greater than Lc the allowable bending be co
stress is limited to 0.00fy or less.
ComJ?ute Cb.
M, = 0 M2 = 208.75 k.N-m
Cb = 1.75 + 1.05(M, 1M2 ) - 0.3(M, IM2)2
= 1.75 since M, 1M2 =
Compwe:
j703,000Cb ( L ( !],520,000 Cb
fy rt fy
)703,000X 1.75
248
( 5.00x 10 3
52.3
( P ,520 ,OOOX 1.75
248
70.43 ( 95.00 (
157.60 I
Condition satisfied!
ASEP Steel Handbook

-300-
. 3.2 EHAMPLE # 3 - DES IliN OF A BEAM Sht. EH. 3.3

REFERENCE
1 .4.1.2
10//248
\80
2 Fy(Urt)2 ]
fb = [ '3 - 10.55 X lo"'eb Fy
NSCP Sec 4.5.1.4.5
= [2 248 (9560)? ] Formula (4.5- 6a)
16.60
'3 - 10.')5 X I0'" XI 75 248
= 13489 M(Jo
Req'd ,section Modulus, ,sr = Mlfb
= 1,547.56 x 10 3 mm 3
IS (,sx therefore section is adequate!
1.4. 1
'graph 5
,since the depth of the sect ion is less than U 30, as
a roof beam, deflect ion is not crit ical and need not
be computed.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-301-
r 7-26 Design Examples
EXAMPLE # 4 - DESIGN OF A COLUMN WITH UNI-AXIAL BENDING
General
UsuallY,columns with uni-axial bending occur on 1

buildings such as warehouses, factories, manufacturing c
mill buildings (with or without traveling cranes).
these structures can tolerate column braces not only for exter 1
but also for interior columns, at all levels.
The effective length factor along the minor axis, Ky

axial load, ranges from 0 to less than 1.0 and is assumed 1.0
interior columns braced along the minor axis. Whereas,
effective length factor along the major axis, Kx ' is usually
than 1.0, for both exterior and interior columns. In this
pIe, the K-values are given, but in actual practice it is
sufficient to use the alignment chart as shown in Part 7 of Fo
Steel Handbook. r
For exterior columns supporting cladding, K is made

to 0.0 or less than 1.0 if the cladding is either w:
metal. The column is fully supported 0. '.ong the minor s.
masonry is installed directly against the column and
positive dowel connections connecting the wall to
flange. Partial support is assumed for metal claddilg
on the spacing of the girts and the type of fastene,s between
cladding and the girts.
Special treatment for the determination of Kx ' is

for stepped columns, such as found in mill buildings with
ing crane systems. An approximate yet fast method is to
mine first the point of contra-flexure of the stepped
which usually occurs ,,!omewhere belov' the step (connection g,
upper and lower column). Then, tile lower column oj
be a vertical cantilever fixed at the ground level with the cc
column, likewise, assumed as a cantilever fixed at the
line. An effective length factor of K= 2.0 is used.
For stepped columns, two planes of columns braces o

usually installed. A set of column brace is installed along
plane of the centerline of the upper colUlnn with cross
ASEP Steel Handbook

-302
NG extending all the way to the truss level. The other set of
column brace is located along the plane of the centerline of the
runway girder (extending from the ground up to the bottom
runway girder).
lustrial In mill buildings with indoor traveling cranes supported on

mts and columns, rod braces may be used for cross-braces above the
)rmally, crane runway level, where the principal stress (due mainly from
,xterior wind loads coming from the end walls) is assumed to be resisted.
Under this condition if the braces are not tied properly at their
tersections, they may noise as they hit each other when they
Kyfor brate during the operation of the crane. Below the crane
1.0 for runway level, angle braces are used for additional strength, and
,as, the ffeners against vibration. Aside from resisting, the wind load
'lly more coming from the ends, the braces are subjected to longitudinal
s exam- 'traction loads from the crane wheel s.
usually
of this For ordinary warehouses, it is usually sufficient to use
brace rods for columns, especially when there are several braced
bays. However, when there are few braced bays, angle braces are
e equal sometimes utilized. Cc\lumn braces and struts may be dispensed
with when there are masonry walls, but not for buildings with
metal sidings.
lere are
., column Mill buildings columns with moderate crane loads and eaves
lepending are usually designed as prismatic members, with the
:ween the crane runway supported on either brackets or corbels. For this
system, it is necessary to install a horizontal brace, normally
inclined at 45 degrees to the axis of the girder connecting
required between the flange of the girder and the web of the column. This
,h travel- is done to prevent the column from twisting due to the horizontal
o deter- .traction load from the crane wheels. Weak axis bending of the
upper column due to the angle brace reaction must, be
n investigated, otherwise, a column strut must be provided at the
sumed level of the angle brace, in order to prevent weak axis bending
:the upper the column.
he
tall mill buildings supporting heavy crane loads,
columns are usually used. The stepped column may be H-
'aces or a composite shipe consisting of H-shapes laced with
long bars. Sometimes, inner shorter columns are used to support
bracing crane runway directly and independent from the columns
ASEP Steel Handbook

-303-
supporting the trusses and sidings. However, both columns

still connected at the top of the crane column. Usually,
columns are designed as fixed at the bottom. 'rherefore,
attention shall be given to the design and detailing of the
and the anchor bolts.
Normally, there are more than one traveling crane in a

building, which may not be of the same capacity. The
columns shall be designed for maximum vertical and horizu",~,~
reactions. It shall be assumed that two of the heavier
are positioned in tandem, with their saddles touching, to
maximum reactions on the column.
It is normal practice and usually sufficient to design

columns for dead and full live (crane) load, impact
wind load. However, it is wise to investigate
wind load plus crane load without tile payload
This Situation can happen when there is a typhoon, with the
ar
not in operation, but critically parked at the column.
berin
, part.
In all cases there is only one column footing,
,bolts
subjected to significant overturning forces. Except where
ings are directly resting on rock or "adobe," it is necessary
provide stiff grade/footing tie beams along the S
direction to prevent differential settlements which are
critical to the proper operation and minimal maintenance of
traveling cranes.
If the end wall is a concrete hollow block (CHB) wall,

end column is considered supported laterally along the
axis, but not along the major axis. In this particular
dir
the cladding is assumed to be made of corrugated galvanized
(G.I) sheets. Positive lateral supports are provided only
horizontal struts framing into the web of the column at Th
height. to
ba,
Column Designed For Uni-Axial Bending
A particular examples hereby presented in Example 4 is

of a typical end column in a mill building wah metal or
sidings. The lateral support along the minor axis is
ASEP Steel Handbook

-304-
mns servatively taken as the distance between horizontal column

struts. The siding is rot assumed to offer any lateral support
. to the outer column flange.
he
End columns are usually connected to the underside of the
chord of the truss and are assumed to be pinned both at
the top and bottom. The top reaction is directly transferred to
,e the bottom chord strut. If the bottom chord strut is not in line
)rizontal with the top of the column then the bottom chord of the truss
be designed for local lateral bending.
The bottom horizontal reaction of the column is resisted by

anchor bolts in shear. Two anchor bolts are usually
19n crane i,sufficient except where the building is exceptionally tall or the
and 50% ! bay distances very wide. Since the cost of anchor bolts are just
of full a fraction of the total structure cost, it is wise to oversize
1 load).
ancho~ bolts, considering that they are the most abused, neglect-
ed forgotten parts of the structure especially after remem-
that the whole building is only as strong as the weakest
It is good practice to provide two nuts fQr the anchor
",hich bolts where the pr2dominant stress is tension.
re foot-
ssary to Sometimes the horizontal base shear, for columns especially
gitudinal to braced bays, is large. This large shear is the
are horizontal reaction of the column brace, which is normally
e of connected by a gusset plate to the column web and top of the base
plate. When the anchor bolts become too large, as they have to
be designed for both tension and shear, it is wise to use shear
plates, welded to the underside of the base plate. The
he longitudinal axis of the shear plates shall be perpendicular to
example, ~he direction of the shear force.
zed iron.
only by
The shear plates are located in the middle of the grooves at
at mid- top of the pedestal, which are later filled with grout when
base plate elevations have been verified. The shear plates
react against the c0ncrete pedestal by bearing thereby relieving
the stress on the anchor bolts. Actually, good design practice
ignores the participation of the anchor bolts in resisting the
However, the anchor bolts are then designed for the
1 is vertical component of the brace tension, which is mainly uplift
or on the anchor bolts. The allowable tension on the anchor bolt
is shall be developed by embedment. Otherwise, anchor bars or other
ASEP Steel Handbook

305
effective devices are used to be able to use shorter

bolts.
Grade beams or footing tie beams connected to the

shall be designed to take additional load in compression
possibly additional bending if the grade or tie beam is
significantly below the top of the pedestal.
The footing is designed only for the vertical loads.

horizontal reaction is transferred by bearing between the I
face of the pedestal and the ground floor slab. If the f
extends beyond the top of the. slab, it is designed for
The footing may not be designed for overturning provided f-
adequate slah ties are provided between the pedestal and (C
slab.
.4s,
of t
corr.
Max
;t
;t
/3ase
deter
TCL/3'W
.4 =.
\ Hlt0
rx =
It =
ASEP Steel Handbook

-306-
ter
EHAMPLE #4- DESIGN OFA COLUMN
Sht. EH. 4.1
(With Uni-AHial Bending)
(J = 26,00 kN
'~ssion GiVen,'
, is 1 0"" t~,d
Column Heig17t, L = Lx = 900 m

Weak Axis I..aleral ,support, 1..,/ = Lb = 4.50m
oads. factored Axial I..oad, (J = 26,00 kN
the inner
factored /3endlng Moment at
,e p,edestal
mid-helgi7t of column, M = 80,00 kN-m
r bending.
f,/ = 248 M(Ja
vided that
1 and the (Column is carrying t,-anSVerse load)
REFERENCE
SOLUtiON
As a start ing point, determine t17e boundary limits

of t17e slenderness ratio for bot17 aXis as a main
compression member,
MaXimum Slenderness Ratio, Ur = 200

Minimum rx = LX/200 = 9,OOx 10 3 /200 = 450 mm
Minimum r,/ = L,//200 = 4S0x 10 3 /200 = 225 mm
/3ased on an allowable bending stress of O,60f,/

determl'le t17e required section modUlUS,
Req'd 3x = tvJ/fb = 80,OOx J03 /(060x248 X 10-3 )

= 537,63 X 10 3 mm 3
7c'L/3W 350 x 49.

A = 5 ,580 mm" /3/2tf = 9,00 Part 1. Built- Up
H/tw = 58,33 Sx =697,OOXJ03 mm 3 S ha pes
r X = J 479 mm rv = 4 1,7 mm BW Series
r t = 478 mm
ASEP Steel Handbook

-307-
I
EHAMPLE # 4 - DES IGN OF A COLUMN

Sht. EH. 4.2
(With Uni-AHi61 Bending)
.<EFERENCE
NSCP Sec 4.5.1.4.1.4

Determine the (Jllowable Com/?ressive Stress, fa:
1680//fy= 1680;1248
= 106.60
X-aXis buckling: t..x = 9.00m r.x = 147.9 mm
t..xlrx = (9.00XIO.3)1147.9
= 60.85
Y-aXis buckling: I.y = 4S0 m Ry =41.7 mm

I.y Iry = (450x 10.3)141.7
= 107.91 (--GOVeRNS!
NSCP TABLE 3- 248 M
Therefore, fa = 82.44M(Ja (Interpolated)
Ci
Calculate Actual Stress:
fa =:(J/A = (2600x 10- 3)1(5,580 X 10-6)

. = 466M(Ja
Check comp-actness criteria:

flange: /312tf = 9.00 ( 10.8 --) ok!
Web: falfy = 4.66/248 = 0.019 (0.16
1,680 (I _374 fa) . -)
< [;
~ fy
= 1,0801248(1 - 3.74xO.0 19)
= 99.10
Since (H Itw = 58.33) ( 99.10 --) ok I
Therefore the section is compact and qualifies for an

allowable bending stress of 0.00fy, provided that the
I.b requ irement is sat isfied.
\
ASEP Steel Handbook

-308-
EHAMPLE # 4 - D(S IGN OF A COLUMN

t.2 Sht. EH. 4.3
(With Uni-AHilli Bending)
REFERENCE
4.1.4 Check. Lb reguirements: /3 = 180.00 mm

0;,1248
.60 Req'd Lb 200/31.ffY = 12.70x 180.00
=
=2.286.00 mm
ProVided Lb = 4.S0x 10 3 = 4,SOO mm )2.28600
1herefore, fb is limited to 0.60fy or less!
Camp-ute for Cb:
248 MJ = 0 M2 = 80.00 kN-m

Cb = 1.7S +I.OS(MJ IM2)-0.3(MJ IM2)2
NSCP Sec. 4.5.1.4.5
= 1.75 since M J 1M2 = 0
compute:
j703,000Cb
fy
( L ( j 3,520,000 Cb
fy
rt
j703,000X 1.75 ( 4S0x 10 3 ( P,s20,000X 1.75

248 478 248 Equation (4.5- 6a)
j.
I
"1-
7043 (
9414 (
157.63
Condition satisfied!
Camp-ute for the allowable bending stress, fb.

2 fy(Lirt)2 ]
fb = [ '3 - lOSS x IO b Cb fy
= [2 248 ( 94 14 )2 ]
'3 - IOS5 X IO b x 175 248
= 135.81MPa
ASEP Steel Handbook

-309-

Sht. EH. 4.4
(With Uni-AHilll Bending)
REFERENCE
Combined stresses: c
Calculate combined stress ratio criteria due to axial nr'l.ces
load and strong axis bending moment:
Compute falfa = 4.50172.50 = 0.062

Compute fbx = MISx T
= (80.00xI0- 3 )1(702.00xI0 3 )(l0-9)
= 11396 Mra
Since falfa (0.15then,

fa TJ
fa' + fbx
fbx
=0.062+ 11396/135.81
NSCP Sec. 4.6.1
= 0.062 + 0.839 Equation (4.6.2)
= 0.901 ( 1.000 ---) OK!

Therefore, sect ion is adequate!
Ast,,,,cia
Til
ASEP Steel H<l.ndbook

-310-
EXAMPLE # 5 - DESIGN OF A COLUMN WITH BI-AXIAL BENDING

EH. 4.4
RENeE
Columns subjected to bi-axial bending are common in
ldings. Except for columns at elevator cores, floor-to-floor
braces cannot be tolerated, due to architectural constraints.
-axially loaded columns are usually components of three-
olllle:n:,;ional moment frames supporting gravi ty loads and/or lateral
The effective length factor for both axes is always greater

1.0 and may be more than 2.0 especi.ally for heavy columns
the base of a high-rise structure. Normally, transverse
applied between floor levelR are ignored and instead
assumed to act at the floor levels.
There are two ways of designing columns permitted by the

4.6.1 NSCP. The first method is to analyze the structure using a
4.6.2) 'first order" analtsis and then design the columns with a correc-
tion or magnification factor to take care of the "second order"
effects which were not considered in the "first order" analysis.
s second order" effect is popularity known as the "P-delta"
effect on t~e column. In simple terms, this is the effect of the
itional moment induced into the column equal to the column
at a certain storey multiplied by the inter-storey drift
column effect) shared by the top and bottom ends of the
The disadvanti".ge of this method is that the required
procedure, which is done manually, is often very tedious
especially in the ubsence of a design post-processor.
The other method of design, is to analyze the structure

the first and second order effects. Most sophisti-
computer programs can handle this chore by activating a P-
ta switch or flag. The computer automatically calculates and
!n(~o.rDorates (as an option) the second order effects in the axial
shears and moments in all frame members. The subsequent
design of the column would then become straight forward,
like designing a short column, even without utilizing a
ign post-processing software.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-311-
I
For manual calculations, it is sufficient to use the

mended K-factors or the alignment chart shown in Part 7 of shop
Steel Handbook. Where the analysis and design is performed built
a sophisticated software, the K-factors are computed automat neceSl
ly. splicE
condu(
full I
Column Designed For Bi-Axial Bending
This particular example shown in Example # 5 is typical of

column in a SpeCial Moment Resisting Space Frame (S~RSF) resi
ing simultaneous bending moment8 along the major and minor
together with an axial load. The example assumes that the
and K-factors were obtained from a sophisticated computer
delta" analysis with the designer verifying the computer
by a random check of a particular column in a certain storey
the building.
In the actual design of a hi-rise building, sizing of

main members is not enough. Just as important is the detai
engineering design of the connections. The building is
strong as the weakest connection an6 therefore the co
detailing of the connections is very important. Addit~v .. ~ ..
detailed engineering work is required where the column is
welded built-up shape or a hollow section. It is normal to
partial penetration butt welds or minimurr, fillet welds for
longitudinal welds for welded built-up columns.
It is very convenient to use an automatic design

processor, but usually the automatic design is based
geometry of rolled shapes. Rolled shapes have larger
than built-up shapes and therefore the resulting sizes,
example, for doubler plates or continuity plates, may
inadequate. The only way to use the design post-procesl!or,
properly is to make the fillets welds of the built-up
equal to the sizes of the corner fillets of the rolled
in the computer data base. This design convenience
bigger welds requiring effort to maintain weld and base mater
integrity (by the observance of pre-heating and inter-pass
temperature). Additional cost of non-destructive testing
dures, such as ultrasonic or radiographic methods, are to
expected.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-312-
.e It is considered good shop fabrication practice to stagger

of shop splices for flange and web plates in the production of
:med built-up members. However, there are disadvantages like the
omat~C;'H- necessity for odd lengths adjacent to field splices. Where shop
splir:es have to be made at a particular section, it is wise to
conduct Ultrasonic Testing (UT) inspection procedures for all the
full penetration butt welds.
The NSCP code allows partial penetration butt welds for

lical of column splices located more than 910 rom from the top of the
) girder. However, recent studies based on actual performance show
lnor that partial penetration butt welds exhibit brittle fracture
the behavior. Therefore, it would be wise to use full penetration
,mter butt welds even for splices 910 rom away from the top of the
r girder for resisting seismic loads.
storey
g of
e co"'''''''''''~:
Addi t~V""4
umn
tal to
for
;ign
!d on
:!r fil
;~i zes,
may
:;)
:j
: will
i-pass
'ting prclce....
re to
ASEP Steel Handbook

-313-

Sht. EH. 5.1
(With Bi-AHi!l1 Bending)
GiVen: (J = 1,000 k.N
Colurnn Height, L = Lx = LV = 5.00 rn ffi Mx = 450.00

My = 100.00
factored Axial Load, (J = 1,600 f<.N x
factored /3ending Mornents (k.N-rn) o
Top. Mx = 450.00 My = 100.00 C>
VJ y
/3ot Mx =500.00 My = 120.00
fy = 248 M(Ja Kx = 1.7 KV = 1.3
'W
Colurnn ends free to sidesway, ern = 0.85
~ Mx =
My =
REFERENCE
SOLUTION
The rnaxrnurn slenderness ratio for Quilding colurnns
in seisrnically actiVe areas shall not exceed 00. The fie
rninirnurn radius of gyrat ion about t!?e weak axis is:
We
Minirnurn rV = KLyl00 = 1.30 X 500x 10 3 /00
= 108.33 rnrn
/3y inspection of t!?e!3H S!?apes Tabies, only !3H 450

series colurnns qual ifV.
Pert 1: Built- Up
Shepe3
TCL/3H 450 x 322 BW Series
A = 41,000 rnrn 2 !312tf = O.43

Hltw = 18.00 r t = 123.8 rnrn
Sx = 0,550x 10 3 rnrn 3 Sy = 2,365 XI 0.3 rnrn 3
rx = 189.O rnrn TV = 1 13.9 rnrn \
(.
ASEP Steel Hcndbook

-314-
Design. Examples 7-39
5.1 EHAMPLE #5 - DESIGN OF A COLUMN

Sht. Ex. 5.2
(With BH1Hiai Bending)
REFERENCE
Determine t0e allowable com/2rssive stress, fa
SO.OO
:)0.00 X-aXis buckling KLx/rx = )7(SOOXJ03)1)896
=44.83
Y-axis buckling KLy/."Y = )3(S.00x J03)/) )39
=57.07 (--GOVE.RNSI
T0erefore, Fa = ) 22) ) mPa (Interpolated)
NSCP Table 3- 248
500.00
)20.00 Calculate Actual stress:
NCE fa =NA = (i,600.00X!0-3)/(4),000)!O-'"

= 3902tVJpa
C0eck coml2actness criteria:
NSCP Sec. 4.5.1.4.1
Flange.' /3/2tf = 6.43 ( JOE --'> okl
Sub- Paragraph 2
Web. fa/fy =3902/24800 = O. )S7 ( 0.)6
),MOC) -374
Jf9 . Fy
k) NSCP Sec. 4.5.1.4.1
Sub- Paragraph 4
= (i ,6801} 248)() -374xO) S7) = 4404
Since (H Itw = i 9.3) (4404 ---'> OK!
T0erefore t0e section is compact and qualifies for an

-Up allowable bending stress of 0.66Fy, provided t0at t0e
es
,e ri es Lb requirement is satisfied.
C0eck Lb regwrements' /3 = 450.00 mm
Req'd Lb 200/3/0 = )270x45000

=
= S,7)5.00mm
ProVided Lb = L = SOOx !03 = S,OOOOOmm
( 5,7 )5.0 mm
ASEP Steel Handbook

-315-
EHAMPLE #5 - DESIGN OFA COLUMN

Sht. EH. 5.3
(With Bi-AHial Bending)
REFERENCE
,tllliowable /3ending Stresses:

7hE
Since the section is compact the allowable stresses ber
are:
fbx = 0.00fy f
f
= 0.00x248
103.08 MPa
=
~
fby = 0.00fy 1.; r i f 122.
= 103.08 MPa
Combined Stresses: Cmx = Cmy = OBS Sine

unit
Compute f'ex: Kx I..bx/r x = 4722
Table 9 Val ues of f'e
f'ex = 512.00 MPa (interpolated Value)
Compute f'ey: Ky I..by/ry = 59.09
f'ey = 31025 MPa (interpolated Value)
Camp-ute Actual /3ending stresses:
fbx = Mx/sx
= (SOO.OOxIO -J )/(0,SSO X /0.3)( 10- 9)
= 70.34 M Pa
fby = My/Sy
= (J 2000x 10 -J )/(2 ,30Sx 10.3)( 10 -9)
= S074MPa
ASEP Steel Handbook

-316-
EHAMPLE # 5 - DESI GN OF A COLUMN

. 5.3 Sht. EH. 5.4
(With Bi-AHiell Bending)
NeE
Combined Stresses:
7he c07ibined stress criteria for axial load and

bending about both axes is: !1 : . , , :'. '" .
,. -: .-"
fa Cmy fby Cmx fbx

- + + =
fa (I _f'ey
fa ). fby fa
( 1 - f'ex
- ) fbx
NSCP Eq. (4.6-1 a)
39.02 + 08 5 x SO 74 + __O..,. .8-c:-S-:,-X-:,-7--,,6-"O.3C-'L__

I / \' t "- I)
~~~~s}6308 ';~20tO }0308
I . f
122.11
(I - () -
= 0.320 + 0.302 + 0.430 = ) .033 ) )000

Since the stress rat io is only slightly greater than
unity the trial section may be considered adequate.
I/,I/r "I ,)(~ "J ~, ~, ! ~I (' 'j
ues of F'e (Hi"?)
ASEP Steel Handbook

317
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

318
Welded Joints 8-lA
PART 8
WELDED JOINTS
ASEP Steel Handbook

-319-
- - - - - - - - - - ---------------------------
8-18 Welded Joints
NOTes Abbn
Requi
Notes
c
p
ASEP Steel Handbook

-320-
Welded Joints 8-1
CONTENTS
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Requi rements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
Notes To Prequalified Weld JOints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Welded Joints (Standard Symbols) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7
Prequalified Welded Joints
Fillet Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
Complete Penetration Groove Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . , .......... 8-9
Partial Penetration Groove Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-18
ASEP Steel Handbook

-321-
8-2 Welded Joints
ABBPEVIATIONS
AISC American Institute of Steel Constru~tion Reqt
ASD Alternative Strength Design

the
AWS American Welding Society most
ex em
of
with
work
the 1
requl
for c
metal
of p
merel:
and d,
eritti,
tude,
hili t3
. nectec
I
il
AW:
TI
circuit
. deviati
the dep
. given.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-322-
Welded Joints 8-3
WELDED JbINTS
Requirements
The AI8C Specification and the Structural Welding Code of

the American Welding Society exempt from tests and qualification
most of the common welded joints used in steel structures. Such
exempt joints are designated prequalified. AWS prequalification
of a weld joint is base(l upon experience that sound weld metal
with appropriate mechanical properties can be deposited, provided
work is performed in accordance with all applicable provisions of
the Structural Welding Code. Among the applicable provisions are
requirements for joint form and geometry, which are reproduced
for convenience on the following pages.
Prequalification is intended only to mean that sound weld

metal can be deposited and fused to the base metal. Suitability
of particular joints for specific applications is not assured
merely by the selection of a prequalified joint form. The design
and detailing for successful welded construction require consid-
eration of factors which include, but are not limited to, magni-
tude, type and distribution of forces to be transmitted, accessi-
bility, restraint to weld metal contraction, thickness of con-
nected material, effect of residual welding stresses on connected
material and distortion.
In general, all fillet welds are deemed prequalified, wheth-

er illustrated or not, provided they conform to requirements of
the AWS Code and the AISC ASD Specification.
These prequalified joints are limited to those made by the

shielded metal are, submerged are, gas metal arc (except short
circuiting transfer) and flux-cored arc welding procedures. Small
deviations from dimensions, angles of grooves, and variation in
the depth of groove joints are permissible within the tolerances
given. Other joint forms and welding procedures may be employed,
provided they are tested and qualified in accordance with AWS
01.1-88.
ASEP Steel Handbook

323-
8-4 Welded Joints
Most prequalified jOints illustrated are also applicable for

bridge construction. (See Notes to Prequalified Welded Joints,
immediately preceding the tables, and to prohibited types
Sect. 9 of AWS Dl.1-88).
For information on the subject of highly restrained weI

joints, refer to the article "Commentary on Highly Restrained
Welded Connections," AISC Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No.
3rd Quarter 1973, pp.61-73.
The designations such as B-Lla, B-U2, B-P3, which are

on the following pages, are used in the AWS standards.
welds are classified using the following convention:
1. Symbols for Joint Types

B - butt joint
C - corner joint
T - T-joint Notes
Be - butt or corner joint
TC ~ T or corner joint 1
BTC - butt, T or corner joint
!
2. Symbols for Base Metal Thickness and Penetration Br
L - limited thickness, complete joint penetration
U - unlimited thickness, complete joint penetration c
P - partial joint penetration
E
3. Symbols for Weld Types
1 - square groove J
2 - single-V groove
3 - double-V groove
4 - single-bevel groove
5 - double-bevel groove
6 - single-U groove J2:
7 - double-U groove
8 - single-J groove
9 - double-J groove L:
10 - flare-bevel groove M:
ASEP Steel Handbook

-324-
Welded Joints 8-5
4. Symbols for Welding Processes

Joints, If not shielde~ metal arc (SMAW):
rpes S - submerged arc welding (SAW)
G - gas metal arc welding (GMAW)
F - flux-cored arc welding (FCAW)
5. Symbols for Welding Positions

F - flat
H - horizontal
V - vertical
OH - overhead
6. The lower case letters, e.g., a, b, c, etc., are used to

differentiate between joints that would otherwise have
the same joint designation.
Notes To Prequalified Weld Joints
A: Not prequalified for gas metal arc welding using short

circuiting transfer.
B: Joints welded from one side.
Br: Bridge application limits the use of these joints to the
ion horizontal position.
ration C: Gouge root of joint to sound metal before welding second
side.
E: Minimum effective throat E as shown in AISC Specifica-
tion, Table J2.3. S as specified on drawings.
J: If fillet welds are used in buildings to reinforce groove
welds in corner and T-joints, they shall be equal to ~Tl
but need not exceed 10 mm. Groove welds in corner and T-
joints in bridges shall be made with fillet welds equal
to ~Tl, but not more than 10 mm.
J2: If fillet w(!lds are used in buildings to reinforce groove
welds in corner and T-joints, they shall be equal to ~Tl,
but need not exceed 10 mm.
L: Butt and T-joints are not prequalified for bridges.
M: Doubl8-groove welds may have grooves of unequal depth,
but the depth of the shallower groove shall be no less
than ~ of the thickness of the thinner part joined.
ASEP Steel Handbook

325
8~6 Welded Joints
Mp: Double-groove welds may have grooves of unequal

provided they conform to the lim'. tations of Note E.
the effective throat E, less any reduction, applies
vidually to each groove.
N: The orientation of the two members in the joints may
from 135 to 180, provided the basic joint confi
(groove angle, root face, root opening) remain the
and that the design throat thickness is maintained.
Q: For corner and T-joints, the member orientation may
changed, provided the groove angle is maintained
specified.
02: The member orientation may be chC'.nged, provided
groove dimensions are maintained as specified. BACK
R: The orientation of two members in the joint may vary
45 to 135 for corner joints and froll 45 to 90 for
joints, provided the basic jOint configuration (groove
angle, root face, root opening) remain the same and the
design throat thickness is maintained.
V: For corner jOints, the outsid~ groove preparation Finist
be either or both members, provided the basic ContOl
configuration is not changed and adequate edge distance Root (
plug a
is maintained to support the welding operations without Effec
excessive edge melting. Depth
Z: Effective throat E is based on joints welded flush. or stn
Specl
or oth
Tail(o
refere,
Refer<
B'lsic
or det,
Not.:
Si
Neither (
11>
Ar
both the
Fie
arrow.
51,
wise din
Th
material
this con l
as well c
ASEP Steel Handbook

-326-
Welded Joints 8-7
depth, WELDED JOINTS

Also,
indi- Standard Symbols
ly vary
PLUG
...__
BgSIC WELD SYMBOLS
... _ - - - _ . _ . _ - - - -
GROOVE OR BUTT
lration BACK FILLET OR
_.
same SLOT SQUARE V BEVEL U J FLARE V FLARE

_._--_.. - .._"._.--.. BEVEL
- .-----.~
may be
led as
~ ~ CJ I I V V Y ~ \( If
SUPPLEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
'led the CONTOUR
BACKI~G SPACER WELD ALL FIELD
AROUND WELD FLUSH CONVEX For other basic and
- supplementary weld
cy from
0 ~
symbols, see
for T-
(groove
II -D- -- /'..
AWS A2.4-86
'ld the
STANDARD LOCATION OF ELEMENTS OF A WELDING SYMBOL
ion may Finish symbol -'- ~Groove angle or included angle
groove
istance
Contow' symbol--- .. ----
Root opening, depth of filling for~

plug and slot welds
.-- ..-._"
_.__
--
.-. F
A--'-
. .-
/
.-.......- of countersink for plug welds
/---. Length of weld in mm
_'1PitCh (c. to c. spacing)
thout Effective throat------~ ........ R
pi
;; of welds in mm
D'p," of p"poro,;O" , ,',
or strength for certain welds
~_\ ~ ~
""} / C F "," .", " mbo'
' , S(E;:O 0';;; I ! /"Weld-all-around symbol
speclflcatlon,processf-- Vi - L P
or other reference
Tail(omitted when
reference :s not used)
Reference line -"-
-..- T
_ -- /11/I
<
ell '-}
g~
<tv> L'~ Arrow connecting reference line
Basic weld Symbo~~. t - - to arrowside member of jointor
or detail reference .... arrow side of Joint,
Note.
Size,weld symbol, length of weld and spacing must read in that order from left to right along the reference fine.
Neither orientation of reference line nor location of the orf'O'r'.' alter this rule.
The perpendicular leg 01 t,., V, V, If weld symbols must be at left.
Arrowood Other Side welds are of the some size unless otherwise shown. Dimensions of fillet welds must be shown on
both the Arrow Side and the Other Side Symbol.
Flog of fjeld-weld symbol shall'be placed above and at right angle to reference line of junction with the
arrow.
11 11
Symbols op~y between obn !pt changes in direction of weld log unless governed by the all around symbol or other-
wise dimensioned.
l11ese symbols .do not explicitly provIde for the case that frequently occurs In struc.tuml work, where duplicate
material (such as stiffeners) occu'S on'the for side of a web or gusset plate, The fabricating industry has adopted
this convention: that when the billing of the detail material discloses the existence of a member .on the for side
oswell on the near Side, the welding shown for the near side sholl be duplicated on the for side.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-327
8-8 Welded Joints
PREQUALIFIED WELDED JOINTS

Fillet Welds
--.-I'
5 ~cJ.:.:.:-:-: .. ) ~:\~:>.
~
'f;';';"::':'::"
{ ~ {
BO::lQ metal las.:! BO.:lemeral6 or
fhon 6 'hiCk more In thlckne$3
eA) (6)
Maximum detailed size of fillet weld along edges
J_"'-----
w,
ee) (0)
Skewed T Joint
NOTE: En)E~ ~ el1(1cflve throats dependenlon rnoQnlluda ot "roofoponlnQ'Rn)~' Sub3crlptin) repreS6nl3 1,2 ,30r4.
"AnQlessm oiler than GO\ioQrees orc perm I tred; howov(lr, In such cases, The weld 15 considered to be 0 portio r jo Int.
penetro1ion Qrove weld.
For oddittionol reqiurcmenls for skewed T joints> see 2,3,2.4,)f AWS OL 1-88
ASEP Steel Handbook

328
Welded Joints 8-9

Com p lete Penetration Groove We Ids
Square-groove weld
Butt joint I B)
Corner joint I C)
Welding
process
SMAW
GMAW R , -, A,N
FC AW +2, -0 All
Square groove wel

w
Butt joint I B) 1 ( Back gouge

I----.l-~ (except B-Li-S)
r---'--~~::~~:l~::i~8~:r------'
:~1{:::
'4
mlo
Notes
Squore- groove weld I I )

T- joint IT)
Corner jOintlC)
TI
Note J
Gas
Shielding
for
:Or 4. See AWS 3.3.1. (FCAW) Notes
Not req. A,e j J
qualified Weld ,Joint tobles.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-329-
I
8-10 Welded Joints

Complete Penetration Groove Welds
Single V~groove weld ( Singl,
Tolerances
Butt joint eB) Butt j
As defailed
Base
Groove preparafion Permitted
, Welding Joint welding
process designation Weldinl
proces
SMAW 8-U2a u
SMAW
GMAW B-U2a-GF GMAW

U
FCAW FCAW
SJngleN-groove weld (2)

Corner joint eC)
Permitted
Welding Joint welding
designation i
SMAW CU2a U U
GMtW
GMAW C-U2a-GF FCAW
U U
FCAW
SAW
e.
ASEPSteel Handbook
-330-
... .,.
Welded Joints 8-11
PREQ UA LIFIED WELDED JOI NTS

CompletePenetration Groove Welds
Single - v- groove weld (2)
Butt jo'nt (B)
/""'4<---< Bock gauge
Gas
Jo int Roat
des ig not 10 n F,;:.:c"'T-C;::::"'I 0 pen i n g
B- U2 U
B-U2-GF
S-L2c-S
Permitted as
welding Shielding
Joint for
designation pas itions (FCAW) Notes
C- U2 U U f' 0 t03 All C,J,R

()(' 60
R'Oto'3 +2 ,- 3
GMAW Not
FCAW
C-U2-GF U U f' 0 to 3 Not limited All A,C,J,R
required
()(' 60 tlOO 5
R'O !O +2 ,- 0
SAW C-U2b'S U U !2 F C,J,R
_ 5
Notes on page preceding
ASEP Steel Handbook

-331-
I
8-12 Welded Joints

Double-V-groove weld (3)
Butt joint _(B) Back gouge As derailed
metal thickness
Groove preparafion Fermitted
J oj nt (U :; U nli mited) 1- --=--c---------r----~R"o--a-t---------,----,,---------1 wet din 9
designation 1---------;;-----,--,"1 foee positions
U,
SMAW B-U30
Specer:; 3 )( R
SAW B-U3a-S R' 16 f'Ot06 F
DoubJe-V-groove weld (3)

Butt joint (B)
K Bock gouge
Over to
65
_L __J
50
65 75
S l-----.--l 75 90
-4f~
90 100
100 120
120 140
140 160
metal Bose
thickness r_---;~;~IG~r~o~ov~'el~~:~~~=:~j
Root opening Fbrmitted
Gos
shielding
(U:: unlimited) Root foce As fit up weldIng for
Groove angle posItions (FCAW)
R '0 to 3 + 2, - 0 + 2, - 3
U f , 0 to 3 -t 2, - 0 Not limited
GMAW B-U3-GF All Not
FCAW ()( :; B :: 60 0 t 100 - 0 +10-5
R'O + 2,-0 + 2, -
1 :: 6 min + 6,-0 + 6,-0
SAW U 01' :; /3 :; 600 + 10,-0 0
+ rOO,-5 F GMAW
T
find $, see table ab -lS, f) FCAW
SAW
ASEP Steel Handbook

-332-
Welded Joints 8-13
'S
cis
PREQ UA LI FlED WELDED JOINTS
As detailed As f~ up
Gas
shielding
for
I FCAWI
Groove preparation
Joint Gas
desgnation shielding
SMAW B-U4a
GMAW
B-U4a-GF
FCAW
!,er to
) 65 35
'5 75 45 I (4)
:5 90 54 IT)
,0 100 60 joint (C) Note V
'0 120 70
0 140 80
'0 160 95
1j > 160 or T, .;
,$, '2/31T, -61
Gas
shielding Base
for metal th ickness Gas
IFCAWI Notes Groove preparation shielcing
Welding Joint for
process desfJnotion (FCAW)
Not
required SMAVI TC-U4a u u
C,M,N GMAW
TC-U4a-GF U U
FCAW
SAW TC-U4a-S U u F J,Q ,V
ASEP Steel Handbook

-333-
8-14 Welded Joints

Com,plete Penetration Groove Welds
Single -bevel-groove
But!' joint( B)
-K--<BaCk gauge
---j T,
Permitted Gas
WeldinQ Joint welding Shielding
designation positions
for
pnocee As detailed ' As fit up (FCAW) Notes
SMAW B-U4b U All Br,C,N

R'Oto 3 +2,-0 +2.,"3
f' Oto 3 +2,-0 Not limited
r;MAW B-U4b-GF 0(=45 +10, -0 +10,- 5 Not A,Br,S
U All required
F'CAW N
ASEP Steel Handbook

-334-
Welded Joints 8-15
s PREQUALIFIED WELDED JOINTS

s Comp lete Penetration Groove Welds
r-~J'-1
,: 1 NoteV
ng Groove preparation
metal thic,kness Gas
Not Root opening Permitted shielding
Root face welding for
Groove angle positions (FCAW) Notes
Br,C,N
R' Oto 3 +2,- 0 + 2 ,-3 All ,J,R
A,Br,S f = 0 to 3 + 2,- 0 Not limited A,C,J
red N
TC-U4b-GF U U Q' ::; 45 +10,-0 -rIO o , -5 All Not req. R,V
R=O iO +6,-0
TC-U4b-S U U f = 3mo, +0, -3 2 F R,V
or= 60 +10, _0 +rO~~5
weld (5)
As detailed As mup
Base
metal thickness Gas
1-_~_-=-G;..:ro.::.ov:.:e:,cp:.:.re2p.::.o:.:ro,-tio.,:n'-~_--l Permttted shielding
Joint I-(-=-U_=.::.u;;nl:::im.::,it.::.e-=-d:,.)~ Root Root welding lor
opening face (FCAW) Notes
U, Br,C
B_U5b Spocer= 3xR R=6 f=Ot03 "'=45 All
M,N
R=6 f =0 to 3 ex::; 45 All

U,
TC-U5a = 3xR
R=IO I =0 to 3 <>' = 30 Q F,OH C,J,M
R,V
ASEP Steel Handbook

-335-
T
8-16 Welded Joints

Com plete Penetration Groove Welds
Single-J
Butt join
Double-bevel-groove weld (5)
Buft (Bl ,r--*--< Bock gouge
(X
Bose
Gas
metal thick ness Permitted shielding
Root opening
Welding Joint (U :: unlimifed) welding
,
Roof face s fit up tor
Groove angles it ions (FCAWI
Weldln\
R:: Oro 3 + 2, -0 + 2,- 3 Proc6s6
SMAW B-U5a U
f :: 0 to 3 + 2, -0 Not limited
ex :: 45 All SMAW
tlO O +f3 +10
f3 :: OOto 15 ()( +t3, -00 ()( '-5
GMAW
R'Oto 3 + 2, - 3 FCAW
GMAW t'Ot03 Not limited Single-J
B-U5-GF U All Not req,
FCAW ex :; 45 T-jolnt
fJ :: 0 to 15 Corner j'
Dauble-bevel-groove weld (5)

T-jointCT)
Corner . (Cl Note V
T,
~T
Gas
Permitted shielding
Root opening Tolerances
Welding Joint Root foce welding tor
process designation Groove angle positions (FCAW) Welding
Process
SMAW n::-U5b U U All

R, 0 to 3 ;. 2, -0 + 2, - 3 SMAW
f '0 to 3 + 2, -0 Not limited
GMAW U
()(=45 + IO~-O +IO~-5 Not
GMAW
TC-U5-GF U All required
FCAW FCAW
R,O .:to + 2,-0

SAW TC-U~S U U f :: 5 max to, -5 :t 2 F
(X , 60" +JO~- 0 + IO~ _5
ASE? Steel Handbook

-336-
Welded Joints 8-17
rs. PREQUALIFIED WELDED JOINTS

::JS Complete Penetration Groove Welds
~ Back gouge
r T1
I
-jf
f
As Detailed As At Up
Gas
,shleldlllQ Groove Preparation
for Gas
IFCAW). Permitted Shielding
Root Groove Root Groove Welding for
Opening Angle Face Radius Positions IFCAW) Notes
B-UB U R = Ot03 ()(:: 45 f =3 r = 10 All Br,C,N

B-UB-GF U R = Ot03 01= f =3 r = 10 All
Not req. S!ngle-J~groove' weI( (8)

T-jolnt IT)
Corner jol nt I C) , As Detailed As Fit Up
,'
""
eV
0
i, J
Gas Groove Preparation

~ shielding Gas
1 for Permitted Shielding
Joint Root Groove Root Groove for
1S IFCAW) Welding
Designation Opening Angle Face Radius IFCAW)
Positions Notes
R = 0 t03 ()( = 45 f =3 r = 10 Ail C,J,R,

TC-UBo U U
R = 0 to f = 3 r = 10 F,OH C,J,R,V
Nat Not A,e, J
required U U R ',0 to f' 3 r = 10 All required R,V
ASEP Steel Handbook

-337-
8-18 Welded Joints

Partial Penetration Groove Welds
~--'I,--,Bock gauge
Weld;'
Proce
B
Metal SMA
Welding Joint
Process DesignatIon Square
Butt ]0
B-l)6
SMAW
C-U6
, +.
Weldin
___-+--<eOCk gouge Proces
SMM
Single-v
Butt Jail
Corner J
Gas
Welding Joint ,hielding Welding
Process Designation (F~oAW) Process
SMAW S-U7 SMAW
GUAW
FCAW
SAW
Fit-up to
ASEP Steel Handbook

-338-
Welded Joints 8-19

rR",""",m", , 10 3,no 10lerance
T,
'"
I Thickness
Permitted Effective
Joint Welding Throat
Designation r---::;---,-::;--1 Root Opening As detailed As fit up Positions ( E) Notes
B-Plb 6 max - R =!i. 371

2 :!::..2,-0 t 2 All 4
weld (2)
Base
Metal Thlckneu
{U::un!Jmltod}
Joint
Designation, s
BC-P2 6mln U All S B,E,Q2
--equired BC-P2-GF 6'mln U All
BC-P2-S 11 min U F S B,E,Q2
Fit-up tolerance ,SAW :See AWS 3.3.2:for rolled shape R nlay be 8tnmln thick plates if backing is provided.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-339-
8-20 Welded Joints

DoUble-V-grooveweld 131
Butt joint (BI SIEI
S I EI
)<:.
R
Single-I
Butt jol
r" T- Joint
Corner
Base Welding
metal thickness prOce8~
Root opening Tol Permitted
Welding Joint (U =unlimited) Root face As detailed As titup welding throat
process designation Grooveangle posItions lEI SMAW
R'O + 2,-0 t 3, - 2
SMAW B-P3 13 min
f = 3 min UnlimIted .1:2 All S GMAW
Q( =60 + 10,-00 + 10
0 0
,-5 FCAW
R'O + 2,-0 + 3,- 2

GMAW f , 3 min Unlimited 2 SAW
FCAW B-P3-GF 13 mln All S
ex = 60 +10,-0 0 + 10 -5
.. Flt-
R '0 O +2, -o*'
SAW B-P3-S 19 min f = 6 min Unlimited 2 Flot S
ex =60 0
+ 10,-0 0
+ 10 ,_5
0 0
*Fft-up tolerance,SAW: tor rolled shapes R moy be 8mm in thIck plates if backing is provIded.
Welding
process
SMAW
See NOTe:
ASEP Steel Handbook

-340-
Welded Joints 8-21
TS
-
)

I-groove 14}
(B)
tIT) Note J2 Note V
joint (C)
Permitted Effective
Joint welding throat
designation h~~~~ positions (E) Notes
R=O +2,-0 +3, -2

S-3 B,E, J2
BTC-P4 U U f=3mln Unlimited ! 2 All
ex = 45 +10 0 ,-0 0 + 1O~-5 Q2,V
R=O +2,-0 +3,-2 ___F_,,_H____I__.______~ A,B,E,

BT(>F'4-'GFI6mln U (=3mln Unlimited 2 J2p2,V
<X=L/-')o +10,-0 0
tIO O,-5 VPH S-3
---_4~--.---+--_4~-+---
R=O 0 +2,-
TC-P4-S Ilmln U f=6mln Unlimited 2 F S B,E,J2
<X =60 fIO,-Oo flo o,-5 0 Q2,V
.. Fit-up tolerance, SAW: for rolled shOpes R may be 8mm In thick plates if backing is 'provided.
-bevel-groove weld i5}
Joint (B)
oint IT) Note V
.'olnt (C)
---
Effective
Joint throat
designotion ition$ (E) Notes
BTC-P5 8mln U All (S,+S2) E,J2,L,

fI00,-5 -6 Mp,Q2,V
R=O + 3 ,- 2 F,H
BTC-P5-GF 13m1n U f = 3mln Unlimited ! 2
ex ::: 45 +IO~-O +IO~-5 V,OH
R=O !O +2,
E,J2,L
TC-P5-S 19m1n U f = 6mln Un limited ! 2 F
Mp ,Q2 ,V
ex:; 60 0
+I 0,-0 0 +100, -5
.. Fit-up tolerance, SAW: for rolied shapes R may be 8 mm In thick plates If backing Is provided.
on page
ASEP Steel Handbook

-341-
- . _ . _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _....-
T
8-22 Welded Joints

S!n'ilI.~,J
Single-U-groove weld (6) Butt Join'
T-Joint (
Butt Joint IB) Corn.r Jo
Corner nf (C)
Welding
Process
Permitted Effective
Welding Joint Welding ThroC1t SMAW
Process Desig nation Positions IE) Notes
SMAW
SMAW BC-P6 6 min U All S
G,MAW
FCAW
GMAW BC-P6'GF 6 min
FCAW All S GMAW
FCAW
SAW
SAW BC-P6-S II min F S B,E,Q2
5
SAW
tFlt-up tolerance ,SAW: See AWS 3.3.2;lor rolled shapes,R may be 8 mm In thick plat II bacl<ll19 Is provided.
bouble ~ . h
Butt JOint
T-)o/nt {T
Corn.r JO/11
Proceu
Werding Joinf f - - - - - . - - - - - i Permitted Effective
WeldIng Throat
Process Designafion SMAW
~~~~-+~~~~~~~-+~~~~E~~~~~~~~~~~~~P~O~S~it~io~n~+-~I~E~)_-+~~~-i
unlimIted GMAW
SMAW B-P? 13min +6,-0 All s, + S2 FCAW
~::: 45 +IO~-O(l
R=O + 2,-0 r 3,- 2 SAW

GMAW B-P7-GF f ::: 3 m:n unlimited "",-2'
FCAW 13min r ::: 6 +6 -0 2
ex = 20" +10~-Oo SAW
SAW B-P?- S 19min F SAW
AppI* to jn~
+Fit-up tolerance, SAW: See AWS 3.3.2; for rolled shapes, R may be 8 mm In thick pial.. II backing is provided Apples to 00
Fit-up tolef(
ASEP Steel Handbook

-342-
~lelded Joints 8-23
PREOUALIFIED WELDED JOINTS

s Part ial Penetration Groove Welds
Note V
Permlftod Effective
Jotnt 1-----,-----1 Weldlnf,l Throat
{E I Notes
Designatio Positions
fectlve
rhroat TC-PS' 6 min All s E,J2,Q2,V
(E) N
BC-PS" 6 min u All s E ,J2 ,Q2tV
s
All s
s BC-PB-GF" 6 min u All s
TC-P8-S' I J min u F s
s
t I m!n u F s
provided,
Not V
~
L~t8J
Permitted Effective
I-____ -,-_-:-~-__/ Welding Throat
Pot>ltions {E I Notes
All E,J2,MPP2,V
All
19 min U F E,J2,Mp/J2,v
C-P9-S '. 19 min U F E,J2,Mp,Q2,V
19 min.. U F E,J2,Mp,Q2
',',:;",'"" ',;;;;;,.,"" I nu .
Ing Is provided AWS 3.3 . ;torrolladshopes Rmayl>e14mm In thick plote$lf baCkIng [s provided.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-343
8-24 Welded Joints

Part iol Penetration Groove Welds
Flarebeve
Double-J-groove Sun iolnt(
Butt Joint (B) T-Ioint( T
~~:..--< Buck gOUlie Corner Jo
"'';''
.:..;:-:.!.'
r r
Greove Preparation
';:"'o J------,-..--..----T~---,---_j Permitted
Welding Joint Root Groove Root Groove Welding
Process DesignatIon Open Ing Angle Face Rodlus Positions
SMAW B-U9 U R=Oto3 a=45 (= 3 r =10 All
B-U9-GF u R = 0 to 3 a = 30 (= 3 ,= 10 All
Welding
Process
Double-J-groove we>l(9)
T-Jolnt (T)
Corner (C) SMAW
GMAW
FCAW
S\W
For colc
Groove PreparatIon
Permitted Gos
Welding Joint Welding Shielding
Root Groove Root Groove for
Proc~ss Oeslgnathm Opening Angle Face Radius Positions (FCAW) Notes
R = Ot03 ex = 45 (= 3 '=10 All

SMAW TC-U9a U U
R = Oto 3 IX= (=3 , = 10 F, OH
Not
TC-U9a-GF U U R= Ot03 IX = 30 f = 3 , = 10 All required
ASEP Steel Handbook

-344-
9-4 Misc_ Tables and Data
PREQUALIFIED WELDED JOiNTS

weld (101
(C I
(EI ,
, "7
V ,
r---- ..~0'<.:".)-___-{ . J
,-,'(:-
Tl
f- -- - .".?
--I
I
Go
I i
for
CAW) Not ..
N
Permitted Effective a
Welding Throat t
Joint
Designation Positions (EI s
+ 2,-0 + 3,- 2 J2
BTC-PIO 5mln U 7i min NotUmited + U,- 2 All 5/8 T, 02
-O,+Not - O,+Not Z
Limited Limited
R=O -/. 2,-0 1-3,-2 A

f ' 5 min Not Limited tU,- 2 J2
BTC-PIO-GF 5mln U 7j min C, ,mln - 0 ,+Not -O,tNot All 518 T, 02
limited Limited Z
R'O 0 +2,-0
J2
13 f ' 13 min Not Limited tU,-2
SAW T-PIO-S min N/A -0, +Not F 518 T, 02
min C' ~TI -0, +Not Z
2 limited Limited
For cold formed (ABOO) rectangular tUbes, C dimension is not limited (see AWS commentary).
Gas
;hlelding
for Notos
:FCAW)
Ired
I,
ASEP Steel Handbook
-345-
8-26 Welded Joints
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-346-
7
Misc. Tables and Data 9-1A
PART 9
MISCELLANEOUS TABLES
AND DATA
ASEP Steel Handbook

-347-
;~----------------""'---""."'$--
t
9-1B MiscellQneous Tables and Data
Abbre
NOTES
Simpl
Canti
Beams
Propp
Fixed
Fixed
Beam
Beam I
Equal
u
C
Contin
Single
Single
ASEP Steel Handbook

-348-
Misc. Tables and Data 9-1
CONTENTS
lhh,r~",j ations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
Supported Beams .... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5
Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 9 - 8
Wi th Overhangs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
Cantilever Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11
Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13
j!ir:Lx'~a-End Forces and Moments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15
DiaJrams and Formulas
Table of Concentrated Load Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-21

,,
I.,
Design Properties of Continuous Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-23
Diagrams and Deflections
For Various Static Loading Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-24
Span Continuous Beams
Uniformly Distributed Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-25
Central Point Loads .... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' ..... 9-26
Point Loads at Third Points of Spans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-27
I'ir~,"+-inuous Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-28
e Rectangular Frame Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-29
Gabled Frame Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-33
ASEP Steel Handbook

-349-
t
9-2 Misc. Tables and Data
Effective Length Coefficient for Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-43'
Effective Length Factors, K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-44

ASTM
Properties of Beam Cross Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-45
Sl
Properties of Geometric Shapes
and Structural Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-49
Properties of Geometric Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-50'
Form Factor For Shear Deflections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-53
Conversion of Common Measurements

From Non-SI to SI Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-54'
Weights and Measures (International System of Units) ......... 9-56
Weights and Measures (United States System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-57
SI Conversion Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-58
ASEP Steel Handbook

-350-
ABBREVIATIONS
, ...... 9
" ... 9
American Society For Testing and Materials
Systemes Internationale
, ...... 9-49
" ...... 9-50
...... 9-53
...... 9-54
...... 9-56
...... 9-57
...... 9-58
ASEP Steel Handbook

-351-
r
NOTES
ASEP Steel Handbook

-352-
SIMPL V SUPPORTED BEAMS
Ro. Rb = force reactions

M mo , = maximum bending moment
6 ~ deflection in y direction
Sma, = maximum deflection
eo. eo
'= angles at rotation at ends of beam
Iy EI = constant
wL
R=R
o b =2
-
wi! L
Mmo, =8 at x=2
I I I I wx
s=--
24EI
(U- 2Lx 2 +x')
5wL4 L
Sm" 384EI at x = 2
wL3
eo = e = 24EI
b
wa
R=-(2L-a)
a 2L
wa 2 2 a
w Mmo , ~ 8L2 (2L-a) at x = -(2L-a)
2L
6 =wx
- - [.a 2(L+b)2-2ax 2 (L+b)+ LX~
~a-+-b-1
Forx<a:
24LEI
Forx>a:.
wa 2
8 = - - (L-x)(-a 2+4Lx-2x 2 )
24 LEI
wa 2 2 wa 2 2 2
eO =24LEI U.. + b ) e b = 24LE,(2t -a)
Equiv. Unit. Load =2 P Ro = Rb =2

P
p PL L
Mmox =4 at x =2
f--- Ll2 + Ll2-j

F L
orx <2:
Sma, = 48EI
pi!
pf
6=
at
48EI
Px (3f - 4x 2 )
x =2
L
e" = eb = 16EI
ASEP Steel Handbook

-353-
' ....
T
SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS
Total Equiv. Unit Load Pb Pa

_ 8Pab Ro =L- Rb =--
- L2 L
Pab
Mmax =7 at x=a
A~_________!~ ( ____~B
For x ";;a; 8= PbXU_2_b2_X2)
6L1
Pb (e-
b 2 )312
t-a-+-b-t For a;;;' b; 8 max =
If x = a Pab
6 = Pa b
2 2 eo
= - - - (L-t- b)
6LEI
3L1
Total Equiv. Unit Load Ro = Rb = P

= 8Pa
L Mmox = Pa (between loads)
Px
Forx ~ 8=-(3aL-3a 2-x2)
a
6EI
Pa
Fora <:x.:;; L-a: 8 = - . . (_a 2 + 3Lx- 3x 2 )
6FI
_ Pa 2 2 L
8 mox - 24EI (3L - 4a) at x=-
2
Pa
eo = e = 2EI
b - ( L - a)
Mo Mo
.Ro =--- Rb = -
L L
Mmox = Mo at x =0
Mo
~--------"A
M x
6= _0_ (2L2- 3 Lx t x 2)
6LEI
Smox = 9~' at x = L (1- V;) '" 0.423L
_ Mo L
eo - 3EI
ASEP Steel Handbook

354
II
I SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS
I
1';-----------------.
Mo Mo
!! Ra '" - -
L Rb=-
L
For o>b: Mmax = - -Moo

L at X =0
Mo L
For 0 =b: ;':- at x =--
2 2
For x'; 0:
For o?i:- b:
Mo
eo = - Mo 2
- - (L - 3b I
6lEl
2
eb =--(L
6LEI
2 2
-3a )
WoL
R a =6-
- 3x 2 )
L
at x = ~ '" 0.577L
WOL4
-0006522
5 7'ax-, EI at x=0.5J QY 3L
0.423L
ASEP Steel Handbook

-355-
T
CANTI LEVER BEAMS
Ra = force reaction
Ma = mom<!nt reaction
Mmax = maximum bending moment
6 = deflection in y direction
6. = deflection at free end (maximum deflection
E I '= constant in all cases tabulated)
e. = angl e of rotation at free end
wL'
Ra'" wL Ma'" - Mma< = 2
I I I wx'
6= --(6L2_4Lx+X2)
B 241
WL4 wU Wo
6 =- I = -
b 8E! b 61
2
Ra = WO Ma = -Mmax = 2wa
For x .;; a:
wx 2
6= - - (6a 2-4ax+x2)
24C!
wa'
For x >-0: 8= --(4x-a)
241
wa'
8. = --(4L-a)
241
Ra = P Ma = - MmaX = PL
~~1-A:;-------~B( Px
8= -(3L-x)
61
2
6 = PL.'
b 31
Ra '" P
Px 2
For x .,; a: 6=-(3a-x)
61 .
Pa 2
For x >- a: 6=-(3x-a}
61
ASEP Steel Handbook

356
Misc. Tables and Data 9 -9
~i
,
i;
- ,
~
..'
CANTILEVER BEAMS
t Ra =0 Mo =- Mmox = Mo
lum d efiection ~o 6=-'

M x2
,
L B
21
6 ,MoL2 e- MoL
b = 21 b - /
woL WOL2
R =-- Ma = -Mmax~::: -~-
a 2 0
wor~
~ I
'- 2
WoX
I T]:r:-r=:=r= ' 6=
120LEI
(lOL 3 - 10ex +5Lx 2 -X 3 )
;A B
WOL4
6, = ---- 9, = -Woe
--
) 30EI ) 241
ASEP Steel Handbook

-357-
T
q-lO Misr. Tablp-s and Data
BEAMS WITH OVERHANGS
Ro Rb = force recctions
Mb = bending moment at support B
Mmox =- maximum positive bending moment
eo. e, = angles of rotation at supports A and 8
5 e = d eflecrion at free end C
ee '" angle of rotation at free end C
R ",J!.(Lta)"
b 2L
wa"
Mb "'---
2 2 2
_L- a
For L >a:
.
Mmox '"
IY("
80 L - a
2)2
at x ------u
e o '" 24'1
wL (2a 2_L2) e '" wL.(4a'_L 2 )
b 241
5 '" wa (3a'+ 4a 2L-L')

c 241
~ (4a'+40 2 L - L')
ec '" 241
wa"
Ra '" - 2L R '" wa (2L tal
b 2L
wa'
A~~-------B~~C
Mb " ' -2-
wa 2 L wa'L
eo '" 121 ab "'--
61
p
Mb '" -Po
tC PaL
e '" PaL
o 61 e b '" 31
ASEP Steel Handbook

358
PROPPED CANTrLLEVER BEAMS
8 Ro , R b " force reactions

moment Mb = moment reaction
>rts A and 8 V = shear force
M = bending moment
c M, = maximum positive bending moment
M2 = mayirnum negative bending moment
8 = deflection in Y direction
Smax = maximum deflection
eo = angle of rotation at end A of beam
L2_ a2
x = ---;:-,----"
2L
w
J
_~\-'-I--,--,-IS--,----,--lI'---'.I--LI--,--I
v.
o~ 3L
xI =-
8
WX
6 = __ (L3 __ 3Lx2 +2X3 )
tiBET
wL4
Smax =0.005416 El at X =0.4215L
WL3
eo = 481
ASEP Steel Handbook

-359-
1
PROPPED CANTILEVER BEAMS
Pb 2
Ro= 1;(=-(2Lt-a)
a 2L"
b b
Pa
R =-\1, =-(3L2
2L'
- a2 ) (
P Ma
A I B~ .
Pab
Mb =-M2 = 2L'{Lt-a) Ra
A I Pab 2
f-- a -+-b--j M =-(2L+a)
I 2L"
Pb 2 x
For x <:; a: 5= (3aL2- 2Lx2_ ax 2 )
12L" 1
Forx;;. a: 5 = Pa
J2L"1
(L-x)2{3L 2 x-a 2x-2a'L)
t
Fora (;{j2- I)L~OAI42L;
Pa (L' _a')" {L ' +,,2)L
Va C
5
max
= -
31 {3L2- a 2)2
at x =
3L 2 - a2 0i--
For a> {Vi- I)L '" OAI42L:
Pab 2 ;-a
Pab
5 mox
=
2
61 vi2~ x=L4L:a
o~
eo = 4L1 M2
r;Mo 3Mo
,
~ ~
Ro=-R
. b
=-
2-L
~A B
3Mo
Va = Vb = - - f--
2L
0
M =-M2 = Mo Vac
v.1
a
"'--v
Iv.b b
Mox
2
OI-
5= 4L/{L-x)2
5 = MoL' L I
max 271
at x =-
3
MoL
eo = 41
o~
M2
ASEP Steel Handbook

-360-
.. -._--,--'"_.,,---.'."'
FIXED - END BEAMS

....
Ra , Rb = force reactions
Ma , Mb = moment reactions
V = sh ear force
M = bending moment
M, = maximum positive bending moment
E I = constant M 2 , M, = maximum negative bending moments
S = deflection in y direction
Smax = maximum deflect ion
WL2
Ma =Mb =-M2 =12
-
)_ 2 + a2)L
3L 2 - a 2 wU L
M, = 24 at x, = 2
wx 2
.; S = 241 (L - x) 2
wL4 L
S max = 384EI atx=-2
IP
~A t B ~ P
Ra = Rb = Va = - Vb = "2
>
I---L/2 -+I-L/2 --I
PL
.. V C-V Ma =Mb =-M2 =8
) ~I ~ PL L
~x,-L __-,I'/"
M I =8- at x I = 2-
.) M, L Px 2
For x>(-: S=--(3L-4x)
. 0 /t<M Smax =
2
PL'
48EI
at x = .l::.-
Mb7Z,~ ~M
192 EI '2
2 2
ASEP Steel Handbook

361-
::
FIXED - END BEAMS
~A
( B~ Pb z
R.=v. = -(3a+bl
t=l-
I a I b-/ L'
PaZ
Rb = - Vb = -(3b +0)
L'
Pab'
~l.~v_-I
Ma =-M, = -
1Vb Mb =-M3 = - -
L'
Prlb hI
~
L2
22
2Pa b
M, = at x, = a
MI L"
Ptlx"
For x <:;;;0: 6 = - - (3aL- 2ax- Lx)
0
6L"E!
~
2Pa"b" 2aL
Fora;;'b: 8 max = at
M2 I 3!(20+ L)2 x = 20+L
M3 ~(
ASEP Steel Handllook

-362-
FIXED - END FORCES AND MOMENTS
w
, I
, A
f II I
8 ~
R = 13wL
a 32
Rb = 3wL
32
5wL 2
'!--Ll2--J Ma = " wU
192
M ---
b - 192
Ra -wa
= 2L" (2L3 - 20 2Li-0 3 )
w0 3
B~
Rb = 2L" (2L- 0)
wa 2
M = - (6L2- 80L -t- 30 2 )
a 12L"
W0 3
Mb = 12L2 (4L- 30)
w
2aL
X = 2a+L ~ 5! I [trj Ra = Rb = wa
ta~ La~
w0 2
Ma=Mb = 6L (3L- 20)
w
~A I IS j I 8 ~
f-a~ la--J w
M = Mb = - ( L 3_ 60 2L i-4a 3 )
a 12L
Ra = 2:3 [(L- 0)3(L '- 0) - b 3(2L-b)]
~A I fi I B ~ Rb =~
2L"
f(L - b)3(L-t- b) -03(2L- 00
L' J
Ma = ~ ~L- 0)3(L +30) - b 3(4L'- 3b0
12L L J
Mb = ~ I(L - b)3(Li-3b) - 03(4L- 30)1
12L L J
ASEP steel Handbook

363-
=
t
FIXED- END FORCES AND MOMENTS
P p
~A B~
R, = Rb = P
! I Po
Mo = Mb = T(L - a)
p P
R, = Rb =P
~A ! I 8 ~ 2PL
Mo=Mb=-
f..-L/3+ L/3-+-L/3-j 9
p p p 3P
=2
~ I J I ~
Ro = Rb
~. L/4+ L/4+- L/4 L/4-j t Mo = Mb =

5PL
16
n equal spaces; n -1 loads

L
p p p a=-
n
~A ~ l --- ~ 8~ Ra -
_R_(n-IlP
b-
2
PL(n' -I)
Mo = Mb = -'-----'-
12n
P p P
Ro = - Rb = -3 (L3 - 6a' L + 40')
~A 1 t 8~ l:.
Po '
Mo = - Mb = -. (L - o)(L - 20)
L
3M
Ro =-Rb = - -o
2L
Mo =-Mb=- _Mo
4
ASEP Steel Handbook

-364-
.'
,
.. ' Misc. Tables and Data 9-17
.
.. '
,..
,"
.
NTS <
.
. ',
- - - - , ..
,
~A
(to
I B~
I,
i
' .
a
1 b-j
,
~l
_ 9woL R _ woL
R0 - 40 b - 40
~L/2-
Bf
--L/2----j
Mo=
23wo L 2
960-
7woL'
Mb = - 960
R = WoO (IOL'-50 2 L"t20')

a 20L' .
3
= Wo 03 (5L -
B~
R 20)
b 20L
W 02
M =_o-(10L"-IOoL+30 2 )
a 60L 2
Wo03
Mb =60L 2 (5L-30)
~~
woL
Ro =Rb = -
4
~Ll2-+-L/2~
W O L2
Mo =Mb = - -
32
WoO
Ro =Rb=-
2
W0 02(2
.
M=M=-- L-o )
a b 12 L
ASEP St. eel Handbook

365
~wo 29wo L Ilwo L
~AI---Ll2~ B~
Ro= 160 Rb= 160
M = woL2 M _ 3woL2
L/2---j a 30 b - 160
w 0
=
R. _0_3 (IOL3
a 20L
- 150 2L +80 3 )
WO
W 03
~ A~ B~
R =_0_ (15L-80)
---cerrO b 20 L'
W 02
M =_o_(IOL2_ /50L+602)
\;.
,
I a a 30L"
Wo 0 3
'-- Mb= - (5L~40)
20L"
\
l~~
woL
Ro=Rb = ~
M -M _ 5wO L2
~L/2 L/2~ 0- b-
96
~A ~ B~
WO
Ro = Rb = 4(L- 20)
~a~b~b~a~
Wb
Mo= Mb = 4~L (0':'2+ 40L-40 2 )
~~
WO Wo 0
~~
Ro = Rb = -2-
A~
f---a
~B a---i
WO 0 2
Mo=Mb= 12L(4L-30)
Parabolic load
~
lf11T-+- BI Ro = Rb = 3woL
f---L/2 . Ll2---j woL 2
Ma=Mb=--
15
ASEP Steel Handbook

366
h

:.
.[,
...
:NTS i
. 1)1
-.
I 2 ElL
Ra =-Rb = L'
- -M
Ma - b--cr
_ 6EIL
i
6EI8
Ra =-Rb = -L-2 -
M = 418.

a L
Beam with right end simply supported

3Mb
R, = Ra + 2L
M(~ ~ R2 = Rb
3Mb
---
. J tRI tRz M
2L
Mb
[ ,= Ma +-
:
2
where Ra, R b , Ma , and Mb are found for a beam
with both ends fixed
:
Beam with left end simply supported
3Ma
R, = Ra --U
:
: i ~~ R2 = Rb + 2L
--
a 3M
fRJ fR2 2 M.= Mb +2

Ma
where R a , R b , M a , and M bore fou nd tor a

beam with both ends fixed
ASEP Steel Handbook

-367-
r
,
FI XED - END FORCES AND MOMENTS

n
4 00
Wo Wo
~~~~
.17 Wo L2
384
1 Ll2 I LI2 .I 2
Wo
RA =Re = - ( L-o)
2
~Alllill Db~Wo
3
A ~B MA = Me =
Wo
12
[2 2 0
1.:-0 (2-y) ]
~I L
~ Me =
Wo
-24 [ L2_
2tJ
4
%0
RA = - -3 (10L3 - 350 2L+300 3 )
10L
Wo 5
Wo 0 3
A~~ ~B
R
~\
= --3
101.:
(35L-300)
~:.J J MA =
~02
30L
2
2 2
( 30L - 700L +450 ) a:
Maxim!
Wo0 3 b:
(35L-450) Pinned
Me =
30L2 Fixed t
Maxim
ASEP Steel Handbook

368-
BEAM DIAGRAMS AND FORMULAS

Table of Concentrated Load Equivalents
~NTS Beam Fixed One End Beam Fixed
Simple Beam Supported at Other Both Ends
n Loading Coeff.
.... A .... ~ ~ ~
a 0.1250 0.0703 0.0417
b - 0.1250 0.0833
c 0.5000 0.3750 -
00
~ d
e
f
0.0130
1.0000
- 0.6250
0.0054
1.0000
0.5000
0.0026
0.6667
g 1.0000 0.4151 0.3000
a 0.2500 0.1563 0.1250
j. b - 0.1875 0.1250
p

c 0.5000 0.3125 -
2 t d
e 0.0208
- 0.6875
0.0093
0.5000
0.0052
f 2.0000 1.5000 1.0000
9 0.8000 0.4770 - 0.4000
a 0.3333 0.2222 O. II I I
b - 0.3333 0.2222
p p 1.0000 0.6667
c -
3
I I d
e 0.0355
- 1.3333
0.0152
1.0000
0.0077
2- f }] f 2.6667 2.6667 1.7778
'1 1.0222 0.4381 0.3333
a 0.5000 0.2656 0.1875
p p p
b - 0.4688 0.3125
c 1.5000 I. 03 I 3 -
4
I I I d
e 0.0495
- 1.9688
0.0209
1.5000
0.0104
f 4.0000 3.7500 2.5000
9 0.9500 0.428 I 0.3200
i
a 0 .. 6000 0.3600 0.2000
b - 0.6000 004000
p p p p c 2.0000 1.4000 -
.-
5
Itl! d
e 0.0630
2.6000
0.0265
2.0000
0.0130
f 4.8000 4.8000 3.2000
g 1.0080 0.4238 0.3120
..
MaXimum positive moment: EqUivalent simple span uniform load:
a XPX L f xP
Maximum negative moment: Deflection coeff. for equivalent simple
b x P xL span uniform load: g
Pinned end re action: c x P Number of equal load spaces: n
Fixed end reaction: d x P Span of beam:L
Maximum deflection:ex PL3/EI
ASEP Steel Handbook

-369-
.
T

Table of Concentrated Load Equivalents
CONTINUOUS BEAM -THREE EQUAL SPANS, ONE END SPAN UNLOADED
wi wI No.
A ( I I I I II III II I 11111 I r~11111 I I ~II 1111 I I :f~ l
iD
2
RA = 0.383wl RB = 1.20wl Rc = 0.450wl
RD = -0.033,/l
0.383 wi 0.583wZ 0.033wl 0.033wl
0.617wZ 0,417wl
SHEAR 3
-0.11671'112
+0.0735wI 2 +0.0534wI 2 -0.0333wI2
MOMENT 0.3831 4
I::. Max. (0.430 1 trom A) : O.OO!l9wI 4 / E!
CONTINUOUS BEAM- THREE EQUAL SPANS-~ND SPANS LOADED 5

wI wI
AeJ:1::r~~~ I tl~IIIIIIII}TT1~1)
?:e
(even
RA=0,450wl Rs=0.550wl Rc=0.550wl RD"0,450wl
k- 0.550ui !
0,450wliw,= 0.550 w 0,450wl
?:7
SHEAR
-0.050wI2
I' (odd J
+0.1013 WZ2
kITrrn~TIT~YDUU.J~~~U~UJ
MOMENT 0,4501 n
0,4501 Typlcc
Span
6 Max, (0.479/ from A or OJ : O.0099d 4 /EI Loadif
e
CONTINUOUS SEAM-THRSE EQUAL SPANS-ALLSPANS LOADED ~
c'"
wi wZ wI "0
E
A EIII
; IIIII ~r[l crr;I' "\]!~III"III;IIII'D ::;;
RA =0.400wl R s =1.IOwl Rc=I.IOwl RD=0.400wl

O.40Ow I Itr:n=_.;;0~.5~0:faWml:fn~n;;;~0:;;.6:;:0~OaWJ:ldR~o:~~~==~ 0.400 wI '"
c
0
SHEAR 0.600 wi ;::
0
-0.1 Owl' -0.10')wI2 0
+0.080wI
2
+0.025wI 2 +0.080w1 2 "
0: ,
I
I-- -
MOMENT 0.4001 0.5001 0.5001 O.400Z r ~'"
"c
,
I
".-
>0
,,
6 Mox. (o.446ltromA or OJ :,O.0069wt4/EI
-'"
.- c
~"
C
5E
uCi 1
ASEP Steel Handbook

370-
..

Design Properties Of Cantilevered Beams
's
'J ! Equal Loads, Equally Spaced

No. Span System
< 2
"A ~
#1
B
\('1)1 .
A
)33wl
ri t~
Iwl
"
"
3
... '&I
c 0 '&I
4>\1
0 '&I ..
c
...
A '&
~y~
E E ~
.A
4 ~I i~ ~1 ..c
aw-~G 'IV' 0 '&I
._- r- -----.~-----.
., 5
...
c
It! ~O'H H'iiiY
~I
D ~7-t
4
A ~
I~~~
F G 'f'Y
t$\1
G~
I~
F '!
A
tM~1 I~
~1wl~ ~l
?6
Owl
(even;
A ~ ~~~ '!;'>' H H ~ D ~ c
l'~ (l~ftl iiii, ~I I ~)
~
.Jwl
2:7 C "!'3I D ~}' H
.- ~"H'rl.. H ~) H 1('9 D C
(odd)
~1 l'~ ~'I I-M rr.\{1 '1~
t '\4JJ F "1!>' G
-
"1'>' H "1'>' H
"1'.y
G "i'Y F 'I ~
n 00 2 3 4 5
,> p ,> p
1 11 !
Typical
11 1 1 1 1 1
p ,> ,> r r ,>
~,@M&
2" "2 p p p p
Span
Loading ! l 1l l 1 1
M, 0.086 x PL 0.167 x PL 0.250 x PL 0.333 x PL 0.429 x PL
.'
..'"
~
<=
E
M2
M.
0.096
0.063
x
x
PL
PL
0.188 x
0.125 x
PL
PL
0.278
0.167
x
x
PL
PL
0.375
0.250
x
x
PL
PL
0.480
0.300
x
x
PL
PL
0 M4 0.039 x PL 0.083 x PL 0.083 x PL 0.167 x PL 0.171 x PL
;:;;
M. 0.051 x PL 0.104 x PL 0.139 x PL 0.208 x PL 0.249 x PL
)wl A 0.414 x P 0.833 x P 1.250 x P 1.667 x P 2.071 x P

B I. 172 x P 2.233 x P 3.500 x P 4.667 x P 5.857 x P
wI
'"0
<=
c 0.438 x P 0.875 x P 1.333 x P 1.760 x P 2.200 x P
-;:: 0 1.063 x P 2.125 x P 3.167 x P 4.250 x P 5.300 x P
.."
0
0::
E
F
1.086
1.109
x
x
P
P
2.167
2.208
x
x
P
P
3.250 x
3.333 x
P
P
4,333
4.417
x
x
P
P
5.429
5.1557
x
x
P
P
G 0.977 x P I. 9158 x P 2.917 x P 3.917 x P 4.871 x P
H 1.000 x P 2.000 x P 3.000 x P 4.000 x P 5.000 x P
.
....
~'"
.,c
>0
-'"
-c
a
b
c
d
0.172
0.125
0.220
0.204
x
x
x
x
L
L
L
0.250
0.200
0.333
0.308
x
x
x
x
L
L
L
L
0.200 x L
0.143xL
0.250 x L
0.231 x L
0.182 xL
0.143 xL
0.222 x L
0.211 x L
0.176 x
0.130 x
0.229x
0.203x
L
L
L
L
~"
E e 0.157 x L 0.273 x L 0.182xL 0.176 x L 0.160 x L
6 f 0.147 x L 0.250 x L 0.167 xL 0.167xL 0.150x L
ASEP Steel Handbook

-371-
rIt.
BEAM DIAGRAMS AND DEFLECTIONS

For Various Static Loading Conditions
CONTINUOUS BEAM -FOUR EQUAL SPANS- THIRD SPAN UNLOADED
'wi wi wi
ACFQ~!~!t~ll~!!:tC I ,f~!!I!!;!!!!!!tE
RA '0.380wl R e '1.223w1 Rc' 0.357 wi R 0' 0.598w1 R 0 I
E' .442w
0.380wl 0.603 wi 0.558wl
SHEAR 0.397 w I 0.040 wi 0.442 wi
-0.1205w/"
-0.0179 wi -0.058 wi
+0.072 w/" +0.0611 wi" +0.0977w1
MOMENT 0.603/
o Max. (0.475l1rom El:: O.o094WZ4/cl
CONTINUOUS BEAM - FOUR EQUAL SPANS LOAD FIRST AND THIRD SPANS
A En;n1t B
wi
.
wi
1=r=~~J;!;;g1!;i;i11!~!Q;!!;g!1;Jji!tF"D==1= = j
R. '0.446w1 Re '0.572wl RC' 0.464wl Ro' 0.572 wi
IE
R E ' - 0.054wl
0.446w/ 0.018wl 'Tn.0.462w/ln= 0.054w/I..-.,..,::JD'==j0.054WI
SHEAR 0.554wl I '"'40.5i8Wi
-0.0536wl -0.0357w/" -0.0536 wi"
+0.0996 wj2 +0~.0~8~0~5~W~I;2~IDnII:o::r"",=-!

MOMENT
0.4461 0.518/
6 Max, (Q.477lfrom A) : O,0097WI 4 /EI
CONTINUOUS BEAM - FOUR EQUAL SPANS- ALL SPANS LOADED
A t' wi
I I I I I I; II 5!=~' 'J'~
WI wi
I II ! I ~I I Imr:!TT~[JmJ E
wi
RA' 0.393wl Re' I.I43wl Rc' 0.928w1 Ro' 1.143w/ RE' 0.393wl
0.393 wi 0.536 w/ 0 .464w 1TJ-:lI?:":-",O;,;.6~07:rrwrl~-,::,:::,?,,,,:-~"=III

SHEAR 0.464 wI 0.536 wI 0.393 wi
-0.1071 wt"
+0.0772 wi"
MOMEN .5361 .3931

6 M~~:{O,440;~rom Aand E):: O.006!5wZ 4 /EI
ASEP Steel Handbo~k
372 )
-----.
; EQUAL SPAN CONTINUOUS SEA MS
UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOADS
I!
Moment = c oe fficient x W x L
12wZ ! Reaction = c oe fficient x W
.! where W is the UDL. o.n one span o.nly and L is one span
!wl
.
.
~',
'"
0.0.7g
'---,.-......
/m "l
"0..0.70. A:'
- ...-'" "i
;~O;"i.iV -;f0.63 \ -- ::~
,
~
~ '"
C). Q
0
W, -0..10.0 W, -0100 W,
~f 0.080 gf 0..0.25 3f 0..0.80.

'ANS W-,,- -0..0.50. -0..0.50. W-"
~r= 0../01 1
- 0..050. w\
~t
-0..0.50
0./01
054wZ \() r--- 1lI1 0.075 ~k

4wl ~Y ~I vi
W.. -0.117 W" -0..0.33
~r 0.073 ~t 0.0.54 ~t
W" -0..067 + 0.017
~t 0..0.94 ~t ~
W" -(>.10. 7 >1\ -0..071 Wi\. -0..10.7
0.0.77 ~
d
!! W, -0..121 W\ -0..0.18 -0..0.58 W,
0.0.72 l 006~ ~f 0..0.98
-0..036 W'-- -0.107 W\ -0.0.36

wi ~~r------~~*~t==~0.~0.~5~6~~~~.t~~0.~0.~5~6==~~.t~---~
W\ -!~67 +0.0170. -0.305 0
0..094 ~r ~~ ~t ~~
-0..049 W\ -0..0.54 +0.0.14
ASEP Steel Handbook

373
EQUAL SPAN CONTINUOUS BEAMS

CENTRAL POINT LOADS F
Moment = coefficient x W x L
Reaction = coefficient x W
where W is the Load on one span only and L is one span
-0.094
~f ~t ~~
0..20.3
C) c;;
W
~
c:i
W
rW -0..0.75 -0..0.75 I
~f ~t ~t ~t
0..2/3 0..2/3
c;; c;; c;;
-0..0.75 r -0..0.75
~~
c;;
t
W
~f
c;;
-0..175
0../75
i W
~f
C)
-0..0.50
---mc;;
~f ~t ~t ~t
0../63 0../38
W -0../0.0.
t +0..0.26
2~ W
0..20.0.
cif
~
0
~t
ti
W W -0..0.80.
t -0..0.80. i
~f
c:i
0..2/0.
~t
c:i
0..183
~i
c; ~~
0)
"-
;;; to
~ (1;
c;; c:i c;
-0..0.54 tW -0..16/ tW -0..0.54
~~ ~tci ~i
0./43 0../43
ci
W *f
C) 5f
i -0../00. +0..0.27 -0..0.0.7
~J ~f ~~ ~f ~l
0.20.0.
c;
-0..0.74 tW -0..0.80. +0..0.20
~ ~f ~f ~l ~1
0.173
C) c;; ci ci
ASEP Steel Handbook

-374-
EQUAL SPAN CONTINUOUS BEAMS

POINT LOADS AT THIRD POINTS OF SPANS
Mom(!nt = coefficient x xL ,II
Reaction = coefficie.~t x W
where W /s the total load on one span only a L is one span
0./22 ~
r l2 { 12 a
8t
~l
0.145 l);.t
\()
a w,-2 Wl2
-0.067
0./45 9ta
"- -0.067 * + -0.067
~I ~t o. /00. ~t
W2 W2 W2 W2 a
t t- * t
U)
~t . 0.//5
W12: WI2,
0.156
~t 0.085
-0.045
~t
! ! -0.089
"1
a ~
w,-2! ~<.'I
'" ! ! - 0.072 -----i(Tp'-'::-:-:-:-'--irr'-"----""""
~t 0.143 mt ~
Wl2 WI2 a WI2 Wl2
-0./6/ -0.024
~
~Wl2 WI:?
ga WI2 WI2 a
~
-0.048 * t -0.143 t + -0.048
~I ~t 0.111 "'_-:i 0.111 ~t
at WI2 WI2 a a
t t -0.089 +0.024 -0.006
0.137 ~f tt~ ~t
a
W2 W2 Ci ~
-0.066" Y - 0.071 +0.0/8
iIlja 0.099 ~t
a
ASEP Steel Handbook

-375-
r
CONTINUOUS BEAMS
Moment And Shear Coefficients
Equal Spans, Equally Loaded .
MOMENT UNIFORM LOAD

SHEAR
IN TERNS OF W/ 2 IN TERMS OF wi
+.08 +.02~ +.06
~C'""'>-.IOC:>
't' .., I
+.071 +.036 +.036 +.077
~.I01.c::::s.07k:::---"O~
.t~ f l'
+.076 +.079
p.I06.c=:>.07l=:S:OOOC::S07r:-s.IO~
'f", l''f'+'1
'.
CONCENTRATED LOADS
MOMENT AT CENTER SHEAR
IN TERMS 0,- PI + ,1~6 +.156
~-.167 If':>, f IN TERMS OFP
.. 'V t hi
p p p
~ +.t. ~ t t t
f ZV -$. t +,35 .6!!hO .50t.65 ."f
+.171 +.11 ;;, :t +.171
p
+
P
t
P P
i
r"W~ZV
-.119 -.1!S8~ i t
W "V t h4 .66t~4 .46 +.50 .tlOt.46 .54t:66 .3<4t
CONCENTRATED LOADS
MOMENT SHEIlR
IN TERMS OF PI
+.222 t.1I1
A-i..-.",.~
+.!!I +.222
AT; POINTS +i ++ IN TERMS OFP
t 't ....,."L.J,co.,'::,;:I",c:.,L,-'CO.-.,.
+.~6
+.244 +.106 +.066 +,068
~-2" H~2'#:J",.
t W'V
+.244
t
t I
p
t
.,it
MOMENT
CONCENTRATED LOADS
+.267 +.267 SHEAR
IN TERMS OF PL
AN.,..,...,,,,
+.258 +.022 +.OI2~..tl08 . ATL POINTS
4 IN TERMS OFP
t ~.
+.314 ~.12 +.314
+.28L-....+.Q97 t. . tP9L+,282
A +'"";...,372 .3T'2Y".~
ASEP Steel Handbook

-376-

StNGLE RECTANGULAR FRAME FORMULAS
8 lz C
Coefficients:
I, I,
"'" k= 12 ,!!..
L I, L
SHEAR A D
TERMS 0'" wI @l ~ N = 2k+3
FRAME DATA
w per unit len J'h --- ---

!o
;s
8 C C -
i~o
To4
~o "'"
42 14"2 D _Ho
0 HA_ A
SHEAR
I TRMSOFP

t
VA
t
Vo
wL2
M =M
B c
=--
4N M m ,,= 8wL2 + Me
_ _ Me
L-;:r V = V = wL
2 HA-H o - -
A 0
h
SHEIlR
TfiRMS OFP
w per unit leng th
.~
p
LA -l-- Liz
i SHEAR
TERMS OFP
wL2
8N
, p V = 3wL
8
vo = wL
8
HA=Ho=_Me
lb A h
ASEP Steel Handbook

377
SINGLE RECTANGULAR FRAME FORMULAS .c

B
8 C c -
W per unit -<::
D--_h_ei_gh{-1.D
o Ho
Vo
t
2
Me= W: [-:N + 1] Ho = -Me
h-
2
Me = W: [-2~ -1]
iPc-j
8_--~~--~C
I 8 I
Cl--
A o P
Constant: a, ;71a
Me =~c [(3a~ ~ 1)k + 1]
Me = ~C[(3ar,.; )k _ 1 I]
Pc'
Vo=y VA=P-V o
M, = - HAa M2 =Pc-HAa
ASEP Steel Handbook

378-
r Ii -
JLAS SINGLE RECTANGULAR FRAME FORMULAS

B------~~----~C
~ 1 1 +
t"'"
HD I------n-
cl--
- -
-iC-
L --- D
~
D_HD
f
Va
o
Constant: 01 = Ii
M _M _ Pc(3o~ - I )k
B - C - N
H = Ho _. Pc - MB
A h
Po
-/0 B C B+ C
P P ---Po
A tJ+
T"'"
L __
A _HA D_HD
f
"-4 l
MB=-Mc=Po HA=Ho-P
V = -V =_2Po
A 0 L
Moment at loads = Pa
ASEP Steel Handbook

379-
9-32 Misc. T~bles ~nd Data
SINGLE RECTANGULAR FRAME FORMULAS

P
l----+-- L - - - 1
P
8 c
Ph
VA=-V o = - -
L
-+-P-- b ------1
c
t-
I--+-- L - - - - 1 o Ho
A
VD
,
Pb
V A =-
L
ASEP Steel Handbook

-380-
a ill' I' 'FIr

.
-
'LAS SINGLE GABLED FRAME FORMULAS
Coefficients:
k= I 2
I,
!25 4 = hI
.c: I, I,
lA 1----- L ----IE
m = 1 +4
8,,-3k+2 C=I+2m
~
FRAME OATA
K, =2(k+1 +m+m2)
R ,,-.pC - k
w p!r unit length

IIDTIJIilllWJJJT1IIIlJ
C------T
8
--t
0 ....
-<::
o _
A fo---- L ----IE 1
~
-M _wU k(8+15.p)+4(6-g,)
MA - E - 16 . N,
M "- M "- _ wL 2 k (16 + 15 1) + 12

e 0 16 . N,
wL 2
Mc=S-1>M A +mM e
wL
VA =VE =2
ASEP Steel Handbook

-381-
SINGLE GABLED FRAME FORMULAS

w per unit length
WTI.WTIru
C
B
+ HE
Note that X, ,- X 2 and Me are respectively half the values of M A ( =ME), M8 ( =M 0)

and Me from the previous set of formuloe where the whole span was loaded.
w per unit
height
._- -- -- - - --T
c "-
o-t- Wf2
73
ASEP Steel Handbook

-382-
u , .
... SINGLE GABLED FRAME FORMULAS

)
--T c
c ....
JB Q1-
T -<::
" 1
i-----L ----IE
---
~MA
HA
I;:;
Constants: 01 =Ii bl = Iib
\I = PC[22_(1-3b~)kJ Y,. = Pc(~ - (3aF- I)k]
YIKI-Y2R Y2K2 -Y I R Pc B-3(01-b l )k
XI = X2 = 2N X 3=-2' N
2NI I 2
MA=-XI-X3 Ma=+X2+(;c- X3)
M = -XI +X3 '40 = +x2-(i -X3) Me = - ;c + XI+mX2

MI =MA-HA a M 2 =Ma +Hb
v. _PC-2X3 " - p V. HA-H- Pc XI+X2
- L VA - - - - 2h - h
ASEP Steel Hanabook

-383-
-,
.Sf
-... ---.. -------- - -....t - - - - -1IIIIIIIIiII
Constants: 01 =Iio bl =hb

Y1 = Pc[2p 2 - (I .- 3btlk]
Y2 = Pc[C+(3oF- ll k)
HA -- H-- Pc +MA - Me
h
.~ C
D_
I--+---L - - - - 1
M =0
ASEP Steel Handbook

384
-
f
---~.---.-,~--

c
- - T
.... + +
B
A
-
HA A
MA~
v,;
f-
Me-- M 0-- _3PLkm

2NI
MA -Me
VA =Vc
=P/2AH e =H ='-""--,--.c"-"'-
h
c
P
B
Constants: XI =3P/Ck + 2MH)

2NI
MA=-XI-X3 Me=+X2t(~h_X3)
Mc=-XI+X3 Mo=+X2-(r;'- X 3)
\!.A = - V". = _Ph-2 X 3 H =E_XI +X2
~ L c 2 h
P
c c
B D
--
-~~--- ~ L ..
-~-~~-~~---
A E +A HA
'fo'M A
~
_ _ PhB _ 3Phk
M A - - M - -N- M
e =o-M -+ --
2N M=O
c
2 2 2
V -V =_p(htnt2 MA
= H =-H =- P
A c LAc 2
ASEP Steel Handbook

-385-

T
1
9~38 Misc. Tables and Data
T --------C~S'
r B
[,
[2 [2 0 D
1,--
Coefficlerrts:
I\=I2
I,
.'2
s
i-----L- E
FRAME DATA
B';2(k+ll+m C =1-:-2m N= B+mC
W per unit length

II I ! Ii! ! ! I j I j I J I I j I I I ! I !I
, --------T
C "-.
Dt
we(3+5m) WL2
Me=Mo=- 16N MC=a+ mMe
HA=H=_Me
. wL
VA=V='2
h
;i
;
,j
iiI
ASEP Steel Handbook

-386- .I;j
-------_._--- .
_ _ _ _ .,_~
,
. " . _ . __ ' n __ _ _ '. _

AS
w per unit lengto
'(Sl~\
!I \ !\! I I \ \ \ \I
__ __ c +~Lt.:;+~:--_~
B
WL2
32
- M _. wL2 (3+5m)
Me- 0 - - 32N
V _3wL
A-a
wper unit
height
------ C -------r
B
D -1"" D _
A 1---'--- L ~-
U
. w/ 2 (C+m)
Constant. X = 8N
Me =+X+ W{h Me = + ;(\mx

Mo = .. x_W{h VA = - V= _ w/hk1L+ m )
X wi
HA = - - - -
h 2
ASEP Steel Handbook

-387-
i
~-'-----T
8
C ~t"'"
w per unit height
.<;:
R---;---- L - - - - I E
A
1
M =_Wh 2 ,2(8+Chk wh 2
o 8 N tl'e=2+ Mo
H A = - (wh - H )
~~-~----T
18
.Q P
C ~t
T cl-
'"
lAI----L
~
= Pc 8 + C - k (30~ - I)
Constants: 0, =~ X 2' N
Pc
Me=Pc-X Mo=-X M C =2'-mX
M,=-o,X M 2 =Pc-o,X
Pc X
V=y VA=P-V HA=H=T
ASEP Steel Handbook

388
+ - -
~S SINGLE GABLED FRAME FORMULAS
7 P
HE: ---' ----
Constant: 01 =h-a
- M _P 4>C+k(30~- f)
M B- 0 - c. N Me =-4>Pc+mMB
H A = HE: =Pc ~ f,j B VA =VE: =P

M 1 = - 01(PC- Mal
c Po
B
B \/L_
Pa
~-l--- L ---....j
E.-HE:
t
V"
Ma= - Mo=Po Mc=O

2Po
HA=-HE:=-P VA=-VE:=-Y
Moment at loads = Pa
ASEP Steel Handbook

-389-
I
rc ----,.... c EF
+ +
B
t D
-<:
- B D -
A
L

~
1 H~A
- Hf:
J ~
j((
PL C PL B
Me= Mo = -il'tv Me =+-.-
4 N
P
I-A = Vf: =-
2
----"~- ...... - - - - T C
C ....
D t
Ph
Me =Ph+Mo Me ="2+ mMo
P
.........., C
----, ....
C
il
1---- L ----I
t D _
I:
c
n
i,
I,
f(
fl
h
Ph Phm P n
Me=-Mo=+2" Me=O VA=-Vf:=-T HA =-Hf:=-2'
c
C
ASEP Steel Handbook

-390
.....,________..,'f,...-_______ ft _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ..... '~ _ _ "~ _~~. -

EFFECTIVE LENGTH COEFFICIENT FOR COLUMNS
GA K Ga GA K
I'" ,,00
5:f0' 1.0 1?50,0
10.0
00-
~Hfj8
-00
10,0- 0
100.0- 100.0
5,0 5.0 50.0: -50.0
"0.9 30.0- 5.0 -30.0
3,0 3.0
20.0 4.0 20.0
2,0 1-2.0
10,~_ - 3.0 r)O.O
0,8
1.0- 1.0
~:g ~ I-',O
8.g
7.0 "<0 7.
0.8 0.8 6.0 "'i> 6.0
0.7 0.7 5.0 5.0
0.6 0.7 0.6 4.0 4.0
0.5 0.5
0.4 0.4 3.0 -3.0
~1.75
0.3 0.3 2,0- 1-2.0

0.6 1.5
0,2 0.2
1.0 --1.0
0.1 0,1
0,26~
o 0,5 ,0 o --1.0 o
(a) SIDESWAY INHIBITED (b) SIDESWAY UNINHIBITED
Figure 1. The subscripts A and 8 refer to the joints at the two ends of the column
section being considered. G is defined as
G = L. I./L.
L I./Lg
in which r: indicates a summation of aI/ members rigirlly connected to that jOint and
lying In the plane in which buckling of the column is considered. Ic is the moment
of inertia and Lc the unsupp,)rted length of a column section, and Ig is the
moment of inertia and Lg the unsupported length of a girder or other restrain-
ing member. Ic and 19 are taken about axes perpendicular to the plone of buck-
ling being considerea.
For pinned column end Isupported but not rigidly 'Connected to a footing or
foundation), G is theoretically infinitYI but, unless actually designed as a true
friction free pin, may be taken as"IO 'for practical .de~igns. If the column enq,
is rigidly attached to a praperly designed footing, G 'is theoretically zero but'
may be taken as 1.0. Smaller values may btl used if justified by analysis.
Girder stifhess Ig/Lg should be multiplied by the fol/owing factor for the stated .
condition: 1.5 fvr far end hinged, Figure I la); 2.0 for far end fixed on Figurella);
0.5 for far end hinged, Figure lib); 0.67 for for end fixed, on Figure lib).
AfEP Steel Handbook

-391-
Pf
EFFECTIVE LENGTH FACTORS, K
( 0) (b) (c) (d) (e) (0
I I
I ~9' i
I
""," W4
,,
II I
J",",
,,
, p
,, ,, ,, f
,
,,
/
,
f
,/ I
, ,, /
,
Buckled shape of column /
[ ,/
,,
Is shown by 'dashed line ,,
(
I I
,,
I
,
\
/ , /
\ \ /
f
i?jl1; i'.!!w, !!h " d~
I I I
~~
I -"--"
"p,
f
Theoretical K value 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0

Recommended design Va lue
when Ideal conditions are 0.65 0.80 1.2 1.0 2.10 2.0
approx Jmoted
"'f" Rotation fix 3d and translation fixed
1
1
Rotation free and translation fIxed
End condition code
Rotot Ion fixed and trons:otlon fre,
Iif'l
? RotatIon free and translatIon tree h
1
t\\
\
p\ p
,,
\
---
Kl
,,
1
--- ....
1,
,,
I
,,
I
I
I
I
I
,
I
,
I
T
b
ASEP Steel Handbook

-392-
a y -
'I I
PROPERTIES OF BEAM CROSS SECTIONS
o : centroid and shear center

C = cen,'roid
S = shcJr center
J,
J ~f'1
c, 7 C2 = distances
e = distance to shear center
to centroid
, A = area
I
I
I lx' Iy = moments of inertia
I
I Ixy = .,roduct of inertia
:/
"
Sx Sy =section moduli (=I/c )
rx ry = radii of gyration (= V I/A )
J = torsion constant
:.0
Rectangle
!.Q
~y A = bh
bh 3 hb 3
Th 0 x
1=-
x 12
bh 2
=-
Iy
12
hb 2
IXY = 0
h~2
S =- S =-
1 ~b-j
-L ~
x
x
=--
6
2../3
h
y 6
r = --
y 2~
b
4
J = f3hb 3 For h;::' b: I
f3~--O b (1 -b- -)
21-
3 . h 12 h4
Square
b4
Ix=/ y = 12 Ixy=O
b3
Sx =$y =6-
b
rx = 'Y = 2.j3
f3z0.141
ASEP Steel Handbook

-393-
PROPERTIES OF BEAM CROSS SECTIONS PR
Square (Axes along the diagonals)
y A = b2
b4
I =[ = - lXl =0
x y .12
b3
S =$ =--
x 1 6/2
b
~
x
=~
1
=2V3
--
J =f3b4 (3 ""0.141
Isosceles Triangle
jY 2h. h bh
C, : - c2 = - A =-
3 3 2
bh" hb"
I =- I =-
K 36 1 48
Ix bh 2
SKI = C; = 24
hb 2
S =-
y 24
h b
rx = 3-/2 ry = 2;;6
ASEP steel Handbook

-394-
G 4a &JI 2 ;;;;;;:;
'JS PROPERTIES OF BEAM CROSS SECTIONS
Circular Ring (Approximate formulas for thin sections)

y
A = 2..".,t
Ix = Iy =..".,3r Ixy =0
x Sx '" Sy'" ..".,2f
,
'x ='y = Y2
J '" 2.."..r 3 f
I Section (Approximate formulas for thin sections)
y A '" 2bft + hfw

~bl2_ ltl h2
Ix'" T2(6b 1 + htw)
!
1 0 X
h
Sx '" "'6(6b'i + ht,)
tw~
l""Itl
h~
"j = II
YV;
r
f..-b~ 2bf?'+ht 3
.) '" L W
3
Box Section (Approximate formulas for thin sections)
A '" 2 ( b t + htw)
h2 b2
Ix'" S(3b t + htw) Iy'" 6(3hrw + b't)
h b
Sx '" 3(3b t +htw ) Sy "'3"(3htw + bft)
~
YVA
r '"
ASEP Steel Handbook

-395-
"~
PROPERTIES OF BEAM CROSS SECTIONS F
T Section (Approximate formulas for thin sections)
C = _.:..:h_2.:!!tw,--_
I 2( b~ + h'w)
y A = btl +ht",
I = h3t w (4bt{ + hfw)

ita; ~b/~ CI
x 12(btl +htw)
I =b3t,
y 12
Ixy=O
Jtl C X
S = .!L = h(4bt, + htw) SZ=!= h Zt w (4bt, + htw )
1 C2
xl ci 6 x Cz 6(2bt, +htw)
! -+ ~tw
i S
y
-
b 2 t,
6
r=fi:
x VA
r=!
y v1;
J = btl + ht~
3
Channel Section (Approximate formulas for thin sections)
IITr f
2
S
1
= .:x...~
b
-( btl+2ht. ) S = Iy = b ,,(btl +2htw )
YI C, 3 W y2 Cz 3( b~ + htw)
II; Ii;
rx=.j~ ry=lt-
J .. 2btl + ht.,?
3
ASEP Steel Handbook

396
a , . .] s
i iii
PROPERTIES OF GEOMETR IC SECTIONS

AND STRUCTURAL SHAPES
n , Number of sides
REGULAR POLYGON
AXis of moments ~
, 180 0
n
through center
a , 2 --JR2 - R,2
R , a
2sTii7
R, , a
2 Ion ~
,+ ht,..> A , no2col~ '~n ~ 'nR,2 lan ~

R2 sin 2
I, ' '2
, AC6R'-a') , A( 12R,2 + a')
" ht",> 24 48
, ~6R2_a2 , ~ 12 R!2 + 0
2
'I = r2 24 48
2K
ANGLE Ion 29 ,
Ax Is of moments through
cenler of gravity A
'y '.
, I (b + c) x , b 2 +- of d' + ot
2(b+c)Y' 2(b + c)
~~a
K , Product of inertia about X-X 8: y-y
, + abcd!
\ ----+--r-T - 4(b +c)
~:tions> y C
,, , ( t!d - y)' + by'- a(y -I)')
, ,ISot_ 'II 1 , {- ( I (b - x)3 + dx'- c(x - I )')
Xl" . . .~-
e X
"
, Ix sin 2G + I)' cos261+ K sln2 e
I,
~ H=:!:::::::il=t--i I.
, II( cos 2 9+ly 51n 29 - K sln2G
-->j \ \ K Is negative when heel of angle, with respect

to C, g., Is in 1st or 3rd guadront, positive
z - Z ,s axis of minimum I when in 2nd or 4th guodront.
'Y =0
BEAMS AND CHANNELS
Transverse force oblique
Ihrough cenler <A gravlly
F 13 = 1II! 51n 2 + I)' cos 2 1!f
'4 ,
2
Lit cos2 + I)' '1m "
f. = M (f- s ,nH T
x y:
C0S)
where M ts bending moment dut' to force F.
ASEP Steel Handbook

-397-
t
PROPERTIES OF GEOMETRIC SECTIONS

PI
EQUAL RECTANGLES A , bCd-d,)
Axl, of mome~ls Irrough
center 0 grav ty c , Ji
2
itl 11
r.-----l
d s ,
I , bCd 3 - d,3 )
12
bCd 3 -d 3 )
I
~I
6d
I r , Y d 3 -d,3
. 12Cd -d, )
f.-b~ Z , _b (d" -d,")
4
UNEQU'AL RECTANGLES A , .bl+b, I,

Axis of mOments through , It.bl 2 + b,l, Cd- 1;" l,l
center of Qravlty c
A
r t--r-~1-tt
3
I , 12 +bl; + 12 + b,l,y,"
bl 2..!!...!L.
d d, ______ ++ S , I
c
$, =
I
c,
~I I
le,
-=t-=if r , {f
~b,~ ~ Z , ~ [d - ( ' ~ I, )]
TRIANGLE
Axis of moments through A , bd
cent~r of gravity 2
ili1
c , 2d
1 3
.-- .1
I
S
,
=
~
36
bd2
24
~b~ r , d
YT8 =
.235702d
TRIANGLE
Axis of moments on base A = .M.
2
c , d
[31 ~b--i
$
I
r
=
= 12
bd 3
12
bd"
d
= -Vs = .406248d
ASEP Steel Handbook

398

PARABOLA
2
I, = J... a3b
1;, A = -ab
3
4 175
~ab3
i/--t-- .1: k-b-o/

2
m = 2
-0
5
12
13
=
=
15
32 O~
105
HALF PARABOLA
2 4 \.
[n->j 2 I, = .JL
175
0 3b
A =
114'~'
-ab
3 3
- Rab
L
12
m = a
5
480
-+-+-r' 13 = J...a~
105
:3",
;
J,
m
,---1.3
n = d.b
8
'4 = ... ab3
l-b-=.J 4
15
COMPLEMENT OF HALF
PARABOLA -
2
!<-n-.. A = .L ab
3 37 :3
T.1E!'~'
I, = 2100a b
7
a' " - "i' m - lOa I 0b3
lim ", 2 ,__ 1
n = .d.b 4
12 = 80
~b~
PARABOLIC FILLET IN t
=
r-m
RIGHT ANGLE 0
2[2
-,
2
"- b = V2
t I, = '2 = ...1L t 4
2100
lrCi"~, ~
~bf''<'l A
m =
= ..!.. t 2
6
n = .1. t
"y" f--- t--->l 5
ASEP Steel Handbook

"399"
FO
TRAPEZOID
Axis of moments through A , d(b + 1'1 )
center ot gravity 2
, d(2b+~)
r- '-1
b c
,
3(b + b,)
d 5 (tJ2+ 4bb, + !!f)
B
I
1 ---- J s
r
:
,
2 2
d
36(b+b,)
d (b + 4bb l + bf)
12(2b+b,)
6(b + b,).,j 2 (~ + 4bb, + bj')

f-b---!
\ , -wd 2
CIRCLE A """"": 1TR2, .78(l398~' 3.1411593 R2
Axis 01 mo ments c , d , R
If:
through center 2
, ~~4 , 4
P.~_l
I '.049087 d"' .785398 R4
3
S , lf3d; , 1T: , .098175 d', .785398R'
~ r , d
'4 '2
R
HOLLOW CIRCLE A , 1T(d2; df ) , .785398 (d~d~

Axis of moments d
through center c :
2
1T(d 4 -dI4 ) , .049087 (d 4- d,4)
ll~E--)j_l
I ,
64
, 11' (ct4 - d, ) ,
S .098175 ct4~ d,
32d
I t ~" r , .jd 2 + df
4
, l1R2
HALf CIRCLE A -2- = I. 570796 R2
Axis of moments through
centor of gravity c = R (I -3~) = .575587 R
_____ ---~l S
I =
=
R4(!L.lL.)
8 911'
~ (911 2-64)
=
=
.10975',' R4
,190637 R3
24 (31T 4)
d--l r = R
-/91!2-64
611' = ,264336 R
ASEP Steel Handbook

-400-
-~.......
" '<1
FOR~~ FACTOR FOR SHEAR DEFLECTIONS

s
Shap~ of Cross Section . Form Factor f
Rectangle 6
5
10
9
Thin circular 2
ring
r or box A
section
A web
-+---- - f - - - - _~L A
7
NOTE S: A = total area of cross section

AWtlb = area of web (or webs)
f = ..-
A'
, .
A " shear area
r2
= 2
(' Q dA
JA b2
Q = first moment of area above leve.l y
b = b"om width at level y
ASEP Steel Handbook

-401-
I
CONVERSION OF COMMON MEASUREMENTS

From Non - SI To 51 Units a
NON-51 UNITS 51 UNIlS
TO
TO MEASURE TAKE THE NUMBER OF MULTIPLY BY. EQUALS THE NUMBER IN
LE
TEMPERATURE degree Fahrenheit (OF) 5/9 degrees Celsius (OC)
(after
subtracting
32)*
TIME Same units are used: second{s), Same units are used: second{s) ,
SPEED OR minute (min) and fiour (h) minute(min) and Hour{h)
VELOCITY miles per hour (mph) 1.609 kilametres per hour (km/h)
AR
feet per second (ft/s) 0.305 metre per second (m/s)
knots I Nautical mile per hour
( n mile/h)
FREQUENCY
(Radio, FM, cycle per second (cis) hertz (Hz)
VO
AM, TV, etc.)
(Se
POWER horsepower (hp) 0.746 kilowatt (kW) .

ELECTRIC VO
CURRENT Same units is used:ampere{A) {Li<
ENERGY British Ther[llal Unit (BTU) 1.055 kilojoule (kJ) US
calories, int I. table (cal IT) 4.187 joules (J)
calories, thermo-chemlcai{colJ 4.184 jaules(J)
FORCE pound-force (I bf) 4.448 newton (N)

kilogram -force (kgf) 9.807 newton (N)
PRESURE MA
OR STRESS
" ".
pound per square inch (psi) kilopascal (kPa)

WE
\L<:' Ave
DENSITY pounds per cubic inch Ob/ln) 27.68 grams per cubic centimetre 116
(g/cm 3 )
.,- /
Tro
(12
* exa ct conversion lib
Last figure was rounded off for ordinary uses except those marked with* which are exact.
The letters and figures enclosed in parentheses under this column are the symbols of the
*
measurement units. Examples of use: 25.4 mm, 9m 2 , 32 C,.IIOkm/h, 7g/cm".

a Fram Metrication, Bureau of Product Standard, Derartment of Trade and Industry
a Fre
ASEP Steel Handbook
402-
3 , 7
CONVERSION OF COMMON MEASUREMENTS

From Non - SI To SI Unlts O
NON-SI UNITS SI UNITS
TO MEASURE TAKE THE NUMBER OF MULTIPLY BY EQUALS THE NUMBER IN

l IN
LENGTH inches (in) 25.4* millimetres (mm)

inches (in) 2.54* centimeters (cm)
inches (in) 0.025 metres (m)
feet (ft) 0.305 metres (m)
feet(ft) 30.48* centimetres (cm)
yards (yd) 0.914 metres (m)
econd(s), miles (mi) 1.609 kilometres (km)
Ir(h)
(km/h)
AREA square Inches (in') 6.45 square centimetres (cm')
m/s)
square feet (ft') 929.0 square centimetres(cm')
our square feeHft2) 0.093 square metres (m')
square yards (yd') 0.84 square metres (m')
square miles (m i 2 ) 2.59 square kilometres (km')
VOLUME cubic inches (j n' ) 16.39 cubic centimetres (cm')

(Solids) cubic feet (ft') 0.028 cubic metres (m')
cubic yards (yd') 0.76(5 cubic metres (m')
VOLUME fluid ounces :fI. oz.) 29.57 millilitres (ml)

(liquids) pints (pI.) 0.47 litres ( L)
US qUflrts (qt.) 0.95 litres (L)
gallons (gal) 3.79 litres (L)
English fluid ounces (fl.oz,) 28.41 milillitres (mil
pints (/)t ) 0.57 litres (L)
quarts (qt) 1.14 litres (L)
gallons (gal) 4.55 IItres (L)
MASS OR ounces (oz) 28.35 grams (g)

WEIGHT pounds (lb) 453.6 grams (g)
Avoirdupois short tons (s.t.) 907.18 kilograms (kg)
(16 oz. = llb.J (2000 Ibs) 0.907 tonnes (tJ
ntimetre
long tons ( !.t.) 1016.05 kllillgrams (kg)
(2240 Ibs)
~~~~: 1~))
1.016
Troy ounces (oz.) 31.104
(12 troy ounces = pounds <tb) 373.241 grams (g)
I Ib for jewelries)
lxact.
015 of the ... exact. conversion
11~
Lost figure was rounded off for ordinary uses except those marked with'" which ara exact.
The letters and figures enclosed In parentheses u.!1der this column are the symbols of the
;try measurement units. Examples of use: 25.4 mm, 9m', 32C, 1I0km/h, 7g/cm'.
a From Metrication, Bureau of Product Standard, Department ot Trade and Industry

ASEP Steel Handbook
403
I
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

International System of Units (SI)
( Metric Practice)
8ASEUNITS SUPPLEMENTARY UNITS
Quantity Unit Symbol Quantity Unit Symbol

Length Metr. m Plane ongle Radion rod
Mass Kilogram kg Solid angle Steradian sr
Time Second s
Electric current Ampere A
Thermodynamic temperature Kelvin K
Amount of substance Mole mol
Luminous Intensity Candela cd
DERIVED UNITS (WITH SPECIAL NAMES)
Quantity Unit Symbol Formula

Force Newton N kg - m/s 2
pressure, stress Pascal Pa N/m2
EnerO'y, work, quantity of heat Joule J N-m
Power Watt W Jis
DERIVED UNITS (WITHOUT SPECIAL NAMES)
Quantity Unit Formula

Area Square metre m2
Volume.
Velce; ty
Cubic metre
Metre per second
m'
m/s
Acceleration Metre per second squared m/s2
Specific volume Cubic metre per kll09rom m'/kg
Density Kll09ram per cubiC metre kg/m'
SI PREFIXES
Multiplication Factor Prefix Symbols
, 000000000000 000 000 =lO'! exa E
1000000 000 000 000 =10: peto P
I 000 000 000 000 =10 2 tera T
1 000 000 000 =10" 9190 G
1 000 000 =lOG mega M
1000 =10' kilo k
2 hecto b
100 =10 h
10 = 10J dekjl,b do
0.1 =10-'
001010- 2
.
0.001010
0.00000 1= 10- 6
-. dec I
centl b
mlill
micro
d
c
m
/I
0.000 000 00 I =10- nano n
0.000 000 000 001 = 10-'2 plco p
0.000 000 000 000 001 =10- 10 fern '0 f
0.000000000 000 000 001 = 10-'6 alto o
a Refer to ASTM E 380 -79 for more complete .Informatlon on SI.

bUse Is not recommended.
ASEP Steel Handbook
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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

United States System
LINEAR MEASURE
Inches Feet Yards Rods Furlongs Miles
1.0 , .08333 , .02778 , .0050505 , .00012626 , .00001578
01 12.0 , 1.0 , .33333 = .0606061 = .00151515 , .00018939
36.0 ,
3.0 , 1.0 , .1818182 , .00454545 , .00056818
198.0 , 16.5 , 5.5 , 1.0 , .025 , .003125
7920.0 = 660.0 = 220.0 = 40.0 ' 1.0
, .125
63360.0 '5280.0 , 1760.0 ' 320.0 '8.0 , 1.0
SQUARE AND LAND MEASURE

Sq. In. Sq. Ft Sq. Yds . Sq. Rods Acres Sq. Miles
1.0 , .006944 , .000772
144.0 , 1.0 , .111111
1296.0 , 9.0 = 1.0 = .03306 = .000207
39204.0 = 272.25 = 30.25 = 1.0 = .00625 = .0000098
43560.0 = 4840.0 = 160.0 = 1.0 = .0015625
3097600.0 = 102400.0 =640.0 =1.0
AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHTS
Grains Drams Ou nces Pounds Tons
1.0 = .03657 = .002286 = .000143 = .0000000714
27.34375 = 1.0 = .0625 = .003906 = .00000195
437.5 = 16.0 = 1.0 = .0625 = . O<X>0312 5
7000.0 = 256.0 = 16.0 = 1.0 = .0005
14000000.0 = 512000.0 =32000.0 =2000.0 = 1.0
DRY MEASURE
Pints Quorts Pecks CubIc Feet Bushels
1.0 = .5 = .0625 = .01945 = .01563
2.0 = 1.0 = .125 = .03891 = .03125
16.0 = 8.0 = 1.0 , .31112 = .25
51.42627 =25.71314 = 3.21414 = 1.0 = .80354
64.0 =32.0 =4.0 = 1.2445 = 1.0
LIQUID MEASURE
Gills Pints Quarts U.S. Gollon. Cubic Feet
1.0 = .25 = .125 = .03125 = .00418
4.0 = 1.0 = .5 , .125 = .01671
8.0 = 2.0 = 1.0 , .250 = .03342
32.0 = 8.0 = 4.0 = 1.0 = .13378
7.48052 = '1.0
ASEP Steel Handbook

-405-
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o
SI CONVERSION FACTORS
Quantity Multiply by to obtain
Length Inch ~5.400 Millimetre mm
Foot b 0.304600 Metre m
Yard b 0.914400 Metre m
Mile (U.S. Statute) 1.609 347 Kilometre km
F.
39.370 079 x 10'

"
Millimetre Inch In
Metre 3.260 640 Foot ft
Metre 1.093613 Yard yd
B
Kilometre 0.621 370 MUe ml
Area Square inch b 0.645 160 x 10" Squore millimetre mm2

Square foot b 0.092 903 Square motre m2
S quare yard 0.636 127 Square metre m2
p
Square mile (U.S. Statute) 2.569 996 Square kilometre km'
Acre 4.046 673 x 10" Square metre m2
Acre 0.404667 Hectare ha
Square millimetre 1.550 003 x 10- Square Inch In2

ft2
Square metre 10.763 910 Square foot
Square metre 1.195 990 Square yard yd 2
Square kilometre 0.366 101 Square mile ml 2
E
Square metre 0.247 104 x 10'8 Acre
Hectare 2.471 044 Acre
VolUme Cubic Inch b16.367 06 x 10 Cubic millimetre mm a

Cubic foot '26.31665 x 10 Cubic metre ma
Cubic yard 0.764555 Cubic metre m3
Gallon (U.S. liquid) 3.765412 Litre I
Quart (U.S. liquid) 0.946 353 Litre I
x 10-6 F
Cubic millimetre 61.023 759 Cubic inch In"
Cubic metre 35.314 662 Cu blc foot ft
Cubic metre 1.307 951 Cubic yard yd 3
Litre 0.264 172 Gallon (U. S. liquid) gal
Litre 1.056 666 Quart (U.S. liquid) qt
Masa Ounce (avoirdupois) 26.34952 Gram g

Pound (avoirdupois) 0.453 592 Kilogram kg
Short ton 0.907 '165 x 10 Kilogram kg
Gram 35.273 966 x 10' Ounce (avoirdupois) oz av

Kilogram 2.204 622 Pound (avoirdupoIs) Ib av
Kilogram 1.102311 x 10" Short ton
a Refer to ASTM E 360 - 79 for more complete information on SI. o

b Indicate. exact value. b
c
ASEP Steel Handbook
406
&
O
SI CONVERSION FACTORS
:nm
Quantity Mulfiply by to obtain
n
n
(m Force Ounce - force 0,278014 Newton N
Pound - force 4.448222 Newton N
In Newton 3.596 942 Ounce-force

NeYiton 0.224809 Pound - force I bf
It
yd N-m
Bending Pound -force-Inch 0.112985 Newton - metre
ml Moment Pound -force - foot 1.3~5 818 Newton - metre N-m
mm2 New1')r.-metre 8.850748 Pound -force-inch Ibf-In

Newt In - metre 0.737562 Pound -force-foot Ibf-ft
m2
'm 2
km2
m2
;ha
Pressure,
Stress
Pound - force per square Inch
Foof of Ylater (39.2 F)
Inch of Mercury (32.F)
Kllopascal
6.894757
2.98898
3,386 38
0,145 038
Kllopascal
Kiloposcal
Kilopascal
Pound - force per square Inch

kPa
kPa
kPa
Ibf/ln2
,
Kllopascal 0.334 562 Foot of wafer (39.2 F)
Kllopascal 0,295301 Inch of Mercury (32F)
Energy, Foot - pound - force 1.355818 Joule J

Work, C8rlflsh thermal unit 1,055056 x 10~ Joule J
H_cl CCalorie b4,186800 Joule J
Kilowatt hour b3.600 000 x 10 Joule J
Joule 0,737562 Foot -pound - forcel It -Ibf

Joule 0,947817 )( 10-3 CBrltlsh thermal unit BfU
Joule 0,238 846 cealarle
Joule 0,277 778 x 10-6 Kilowatt hour kW-h
Power Foot - pound -10rce/s econd 1.355 818 Watt W

cBrltlsh thermal unll p.r hour 0.293071 Watt W
HorsepoYler (550ft.lbfls) 0.745700 Kilowatt kW
Watt 0.737562 Foot -pound--force ft-Ibf/s

second
Watt 3.412 141 cBritlsh thermal unit Btu/h
per hou~
9
KiloYiatt 1.341 022 Horsepower hp
kg (550ft-lbf/s)
kg
Angle Oegr.e 17.45329 x 10-~ Radian rad
02 av Radian 57.295 788 Degre_
Ib av
Temper- Degree Fahrenheit f'C = (f"F-32)/1.8 Degre_ Celsius

ature Deoree Celsius fOf = 1.8 x f'C + 32 Degr.e Fahren helt
a'Refer to A5TM E380 -79 for more complefe informaflon on 51.

b Indicates exact value.
C International Table, ASEP steel Handbook
-407-
NOTES
. ~,
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f
.. . .
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ASEP Steel Handbook

-408-
s ,

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ASEP

Metal Deck - p215

Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.

Unit T-10, New Manila Condominium

ASEP STEEL HANDBOOK

Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc, (ASEP)

All rights reserved, Printed in the Philippines. This book or any

ASEP Steel Handbook

The Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc., (ASEP)

ASEP Steel Handbook

ASEP acknowledges all those who have contributed to th( publication

Special gratitude to Engr. Hermenegildo P. Manzano, Jr. who initiated the

Credit likewise goes to the following generuus sponsors of the project,

Phil. Inst. of Steel Construction Engr. Sam00n P. Lazo, President

Finally, deep appreciation is due to the Overall Committee Chairman and

ASEP Steel Handbook

In behalf of the Officers and Directors, we wish. to .express ASEP's

Credit likewise goes to sponsors of the project: (1) Philippine Institute of

HERMF.NEGILDO P. MANZANO, JR.

ASEP Steel Handbook

Hermenegildo P. Manzano, Jr. Fidel R. Sarausad

Ernesto F. Cruz Romer S. Montoya

1993-94 ASEP OFFICERS and DIRECTORS

Hermenegildo P. Manzano, Jr.

Romer S. Montoya Fidel R. Sarausad Alfredo B. Juinio, Jr.

Jose S. Abad Octavio A. Kalalo

ASEP Steel Handbook

ASEP Steel Handbook

c/c center to center

ACI American Concrete Institute

ASEP Steel Handbook

This ASEP Steel Handbook is intended primarily to serve as a guide in the

Part 1 Built-Up Shapes

Each of these parts presents a series of tables of computed and/or

As an updated edition of the ASEP Handbook of Steel Shapes and

ASEP Steel Handbook

3. The range of overall depths of built-up BW and BH sections has

The rolled shapes and sections has considerably been expanded

7. The discussion on steel flat products, originally incorporated

8. Design examples has been added in the new Part 7 of the

9. The discussion on welded joints, previously presented with the

ASEP Steel Handbook

CLASSIFICATION AND DESIGNATIONS

Class Shape Designation

Wide Flange Tee BWT H x W

Cold-Formed Plate Angle BA H x B x t

Cold-Formed Light Stiffened Cee LC HxBxCxt

Stiffened Zee LZ HxBxCxt

Square Tube LS HxBxt

Rolled Wide Flange W d x w

Pipe - Extra Strong PE d

ASEP Steel Handbool,

Where: B is the flange width of the section; shorter leg

Shapes produced by weldments are referred here as 'Built-Up' shapes

ASEP Steel Handbook

For plates, the following thickness, in millimeters, were adopted: 6, 8,10,12,

Because of the general flexibility of the fabrication methods, an infinite

Rolled shapes are defined here as those produced by passing red-hot

As stated above, the designation used in this handbook is identical to

SECTION AND PROPERTIES

The sectional properti(>s tabulated were calculated based on generally

ASEP Steel Handbook

~'''''Incalculating the theoretical weight of the steul sections, a mass density

STEEL flAT PRODUCTS