This is a really important thing of beautiful Mion.

(Tranlyminhngoc@gmail.com)
 WORD FORMATION EXERCISES
Exercise 1
1. Detroit is renowned for the.. of cars. PRODUCE
2. If you make a good at the interview, you will get the job. IMPRESS
3. Teaching and medicine are more than., they're professions. OCCUPY
4. My history teacher has a vast. of past events. KNOW
5. You are never too old to go to college and gain some. QUALIFY
6. My greatest.. was graduating from the university. ACHIEVE
7. The weatherman said there is a strong of rain today. POSSIBLE
8. Some old laws are no longer.. EFFECT
9. Athens is. for its ancient buildings. FAME
10. He was caught shoplifting so now he has a.. record. CRIME
11. Despite her severe.., she fulfilled her goals in life. DISABLE
12. Being. is the worst thing that can happen to someone. EMPLOY
13. If you buy presents in the summer your can be very high. SAVE
14. Due to the pilot's, the copilot managed to land safely. GUIDE
15. It's important to also see the less sides of the job. DESIRE
16. I was surprised at his to give up. REFUSE
17. Children are by nature.. of danger. AWARE
18. She is always. towards her parents. RESPECT
19. The hospital has the best medical. and fast ambulances. EQUIP
20. You can relax in the comfortable.. of the hotel. SURROUND
21. The.. looked dark and there were hardly any other guests. ENTER
22. Artists must be., otherwise they just repeat what they see or hear. CREATE
23. Why are you so of his work? He's just doing his best. CRITIC
24. Have you made up your mind? We need to know your as soon as possible. DECIDE
25. He's too shy to look people when he talks to them. DIRECT
26. Have they put the Christmas.. yet? DECORATE
27. They put too many unnecesary in food. ADD
28. I think that there's no point in arguing with him. Just ignore him. HONEST
29. Extraterrestrial life has not been. proved yet. SCIENCE
30. Why don't you call the . if the lights don't work? ELECTRIC
31. Music and television are forms of ENTERTAIN
32. The concert didn't live up to our EXPECT
33. The electric company admitted their for the blackout. RESPOND
34. Did you use to have as a child? ALLOW
35. I don't like those trousers, no matter how .. they are. FASHION
36. Life .. varies according to country and gender. EXPECT
Exercise 2
1) We need to find a __________ to the problem as soon as possible. (solve)
2) Juan speaks English fluently and makes very few __________ mistakes. (grammar)
3) The teacher keeps a record of every student's __________ . (attend)
4) Air-conditioning is a ___________ if you live somewhere like the south of Spain. (necessary)
5) Don't be afraid of the dog. He's absolutely __________ . (harm)
6) The company is trying hard to improve customer __________ . (satisfy)
7) Measures were taken around the world to __________ airport security after the 11 September attacks.
(tight)
8) We're going to change our suppliers as they have become very __________ in the last year. (rely)
9) Patricia's very __________ . She writes short stories, paints and makes mosaics. (create)
10) We need your __________ at the bottom of the page. (sign)
Exercise 3
1) The index at the back of the book is in __________ order. (alphabet)
2) The fans waved __________ as the film star stepped out of the limousine. (excite)
3) Chickenpox is a highly __________ disease which many people catch as a child. (infect)
4) Matt is very __________ . He wants to be number one at everything. (compete)
5) Harry loves cars and he's so __________ about them. (knowledge)
6) There is little __________ of the president being re-elected. (likely)
7) The prime minister thinks there may be a __________ to overthrow him. (conspire)
8) In __________ with Tokyo, London and Paris are relatively cheap. (compare)
9) The police were unable to __________ that she had committed the crime. (proof)
10) The president's speech went on for so long that I almost died of __________ ! (bore)
(cn na)
p n bi tp cch thnh lp t Ting Anh
Key to exercise 1
1. production 2. impression 25. directly
3. occupations 4. knowledge 26. decorations
5. qualification 6. achievement 27. additives
7. possibility 8. effective 28. honestly
9. famous 10. criminal 29. scientifically
11. disability 12. unemployed 30. electrician
13. savings 14. guidance 31. entertainment
15. desirable 16. refusal 32. expectation
17. unaware 18. Respectful 33. responsibility
19. equipment 20. surroundings 34. allowance
21. entrance 22. Creative 35. fashionable
23. critical 24. Decision 36. expectancy
Key to exercise 2
1) solution 6) satisfaction
2) grammatical 7) tighten
3) attendance 8) unreliable
4) necessity 9) creative
5) harmless 10) signature
Key to exercise 3
1) alphabetical 6) likelihood
2)2) excitedly 7) conspiracy
3) infectious 8) comparison
4) competitive 9) prove
5) knowledgeable 10) boredom
Key to exercise 4
1) marriage 6) illegal
2)2) predictable 7) sweeten
3) homelessness 8) clarify
3)4) scientifically 9) disappointment
5) inheritance 10) rivalry
Key to exercise 5
1) scholarship 6) childhood
2) pointless 7) misplaced
3) permission 8) disconnect
4) highly 9) immature
5) thoughtful 10) impressive
Key to exercise 6
1. understandable 11. risky
2. 2. encourage 12. emptiness
3. slippery 13. liberate
3. 4. citizenship 14. freedom
5. befriend 15. careful
4. 6. sharpen 16. outdo
7. unfriendly 17. understanding
5. 8. penniless 18. uncork
9. oversleep 19. misspell
6. 10. unveil 20. forecast!
Key to exercise 7
1. livelihood 2. competition 3. powerful 4. making
5. enriched 6. compete 7. bankrupt 8. freedom
Key to exercise 8
1. mathematicians 2. length 3. thickness 4. reference
5. particularly 6. dimensional 7. similarly 8. Perspective
Key to exercise 9
1. extraordinary 2. distance 3. disappearance 4. excitement
5. gracious 6. skillfully 7. pleasure 8. suddenly
9. imprisoned 10. Awake
Key to exercise 11
1. luxurious 5. helpful
2. uncovered 6. overcharged
3. supposedly 7. surprisingly
4. disbelief 8. Different
Key to exercise 12
1. impatient 5. unpleasant
2. homeless 6. likely
3. astonishingly 7. spoonfuls
4. protective 8. Medical
Key to exercise 13
1. profitable 5. unfairly
2. underestimated 6. disappeared
3. crossly 7. fashionable
4. wonderfully 8. Scientifically
Key to exercise 14
1. likely 5. disagreement
2. dangerously 6. revolutionized
3. variety 7. characterized
4. childhood 8. Computerized
Key to exercise 15
1. friendly 5. tendency
2. sunny 6. misfortune
3. hostility 7. researchers
4. abusive 8. Adoption
Key to exercise 16
1. indispensable 5. considerably
2. variety 6. invention
3. production 7. journalism
4. promising 8. Misfortune
Key to exercise 17
1. safety 5. additives
2. doubled 6. preferably
3. optional 7. entertaining
4. unemployment 8. third
Key to exercise 18
1. uneasy 5. easily
2. conclusion 6. hesitation
3. unavailable 7. unenthusiastic
4. disabilities 8. housing
 BI TP V CU TO T

(Exercises on word formation)

Cho dng ng ca cc t trong ngoc in vo ch trng.

1. Detroit is renowned for the _____________ car. (produce)

2. If you make a good ________________ at the interview, you will get the job.
(impress)

3. The _________________ looked dark and there were hardly any other guests. (enter)

4. My history teacher has a vast ________________ of past events. (know)

5. You are never too old to go to college and gain some _______________. ( qualify)

6. My greatest ________________ was graduating from university. (achieve)

7. The weatherman said there is a strong _______________ of rain today. (possible)

8. Some old laws are no longer _______________. (effect)

9. Athens is ________________ for its ancient buildings. (fame)

10. He was caught shoplifting so now he has a ________________ record. (crime)

11. Despite her severe _________________, she fulfilled her goals in life. (Disable)

12. Being ________________is the worst thing that can happen to someone. (employ)

13. If you buy presents in the summer your _________________ can be very high.
(save)

14. Due to the pilot's _____________, the copilot managed to land safely. (guide)

15. It's important to also see the less ________________sides of the job. (desire)

16. I was surprised at his __________________ to give up. (refuse)

17. Children are by nature _________________of danger. (aware)

18. She is always ___________________towards her parents. (respect)

19. The hospital has the best medical _____________and fast ambulances. (equip)
20. You can relax in the comfortable _______________of the hotel. (surround)

21. It's totally________________ that you stayed home when you were sick.
(understand)

22. Don't laugh at his stupid jokes! You'll only _________________ him to say them
again. (courage)
23. That sidewalk is_________________, I almost fell! (slip)

24. After Monday, I will no longer be a foreigner--I am receiving my ________________!

(citizen)
25. Arthur will be very lonely unless you__________________ him. (friend)
26. Every afternoon, the cooks__________________ their knives in preparation for
dinner. (sharp)
27. I hate being around Mary Lou, she is __________________. (friendly).
28. The stock market crash of 1929 left my great-grandfather___________________.
(penny)
29. I have a class at 8:00 a.m. but I always________________. (sleep)
30. The groom may ______________the bride only when their vows have been
exchanged. (veil)
31. I think we should try something else. That strategy seems way
too________________. (risk)
32. My father's death left me with a great_________________ in my heart. (empty)
33. George W. Bush is pretending that he attacked Iraq to __________________ the
Iraqis. (liberty)
34. Americans fought hard to earn their _________________from Britain. (free)
35. When you work at a nuclear power plant, you have to be extremely
_________________. (care)
36. Every time I think I've beaten you, you _________________ me! (do)
37. I had to take three months off when I was pregnant, but my boss has been very
____________. (understand)
38. He will __________________the wine as soon as we are ready for dinner. (cork)
39. You need to work on your orthography so you don't __________________ (spell)
these words. (cork)
40. The weather ________________looks bad for a picnic--rainy and windy! (cast)

P N:

1. production 2. impression 3. entrance

4. knowledge 5. qualification 6. achievement

7. possibility 8. effective 9. famous

10. criminal 11. disability 12. unemployed

13. savings 14. guidance 15. desirable

16. refusal 17. unaware 18. respectful

19. equipment 20. surroundings 21. understandable

22. encourage 23. slippery 24. citizenship

25. befriend 26. sharpen 27. unfriendly

28. penniless 29. oversleep 30. unveil

31. risky 32. emptiness 33. liberate

34. freedom 35. careful 36. outdo

37. understanding 38. uncork 39. misspell

40. forecast

BI 15: CHUYN I T LOI

(WORD CLASS CONVERSION)

Trong ting Anh c hin tng chuyn i t t loi ny sang t loi khc, v d t danh t sang ng t
hoc ngc li.

y, chng ta loi tr nhng trng hp chuyn i chc nng, hay ni cch khc l chuyn i vai
tr ca t trong cu, nh trng hp mt danh t, tuy khng chuyn i g v hnh thc hay ngha,
nhng c th ng nhng vai tr khc nhau trong cu.

V d:

1. Our production has been affected by that earthquake.

(Vic sn xut ca chng ti b nh hng bi trn ng t .)
2. He is our production manager.
(Anh y l trng phng sn xut ca chng ti.)

cu th nht, t production l danh t chnh trong cm danh t our production ng lm ch ng.

Trong cu th 2, t production ng lm b ng cho danh t chnh manager, trong cm danh t lm b
ng sau ng t lin h is.

Tuy nhin, trong c hai v d trn, t production u l danh t v u c ngha l sn xut, v do ta

khng coi n l trng hp b chuyn i t loi.

Trong bi ny, chng ta cng xem xt mt s trng hp chuyn i t loi trong ting Anh:

Th nht l chuyn trng m ca t.

Nh hc trong bi 3, mt s ng t hai m tit tr thnh danh t, khi trng m c chuyn t m

tit th nht sang m tit th hai.

V d:

ng t Danh t
(Verbs) (Nouns)
reCORD REcord
conTRAST CONtrast
exPORT EXport
deSERT DEsert
obJECT OBject
preSENT PREsent
proDUCE PROduce
reBEL REbeL
proTEST PROtest

Tng t, mt s ng t hai m tit chuyn thnh tnh t khi chuyn trng m t m tit th nht sang
m tit th 2. v d:

ng t Tnh t
(Verbs) (Adjectives)
PERfect perFECT
CONtent conTENT
Tuy nhin, rt nhiu t trong ting Anh va l danh t va l ng t v khng b thay i trng m khi
n l danh t hay ng t. v d:
Verbs and Nouns:

ANswer

PROmise

TRAvel

VIsit

rePLY

PICture

Th hai l mt s t chuyn loi t khi c ghp vi tin t (prefix) v hu t (suffix)

Chng ta cng xem xt mt s tin t ph bin c kh nng chuyn i t loi t tnh t v danh t sang
ng t.

TIN T CHUYN I DANH T V TNH T SANG NG T (VERB PREFIXES)

a s tin t trong ting Anh khi thm vo u mt t no , n lm thay i ngha ca t y, nhng

khng thay i t loi ca n. Thng thng, cc tin t ny cng khng lm thay i trng m ca t.

V d

Tidy (gn gng)untidy (khng gn gng/lum thum)

Correct (ng)incorrect (sai)

Tuy nhin, mt s tin t trong ting Anh va c kh nng chuyn i t loi.

Tin t en-, em v be- ng trc mt danh t hoc tnh t v chuyn t thnh ng t.

Verb prefixes

En-/em-/be + Noun/adjective Verb

V d:

Tin Kt hp vi t to thnh ng
t gc t
(Prefi (root word) (Verb)
x) Nou Adjective
 n
En Close Enclose (gi km)
Able Enable ( lm cho
c th)
act Enact (ban hnh)
Trong v d bng ny, ta thy

Tin t en c ghp vi tnh t gc close to thnh ng t enclose (gi km)

Tin t en, ghp vi tnh t gc able to thnh ng t enable (lm cho c th)

Tin t en ghp vi danh t act to thnh ng t enact (ban hnh)

Tin Kt hp vi t to thnh ng
t gc t
(Prefi (root word) (Verb)
x) Nou Adjective
n
em pow Empower (trao
er quyn lc cho)
be witc Bewitch (b ba,
h chi)
be little Belittle (coi nh,
xem thng)
Trong v d ny, tin t em ghp vi danh t power to thnh ng t empower (trao quyn lc cho..)

Tin t be ghp vi danh t witch to thnh ng t bewitch (b ba)

Tin t be ghp vi tnh t little to thnh ng t belittle (coi nh)

HU T

(SUFFIXES)

Hu t l yu t gn thm vo ui mt t lm thay i t loi ca t gc ch khng thay i ngha ca

n. Trc ht, ta cng xem xt mt s hu t c chc nng chuyn i tnh t v ng t thnh danh t.

HU T CHUYN T LOI SANG DANH T

(NOUN SUFFIXES)

Mt s hu t kt hp vi ng t th chuyn ng t sang danh t.V d:

 Hu t Ngha ca hu t V d

Suffix Meaning Example

-al Hnh ng hay qu trnh Refuse refusal

-ance, -ence Trng thi hay c im Maintainmaintenance

-er, -or Ngi lm vic/lm ngh Train trainer

-ment iu kin, s vic Argue argument

-sion, -tion Trng thi Transit transition

-ist Ngi lm vic/ngh Biologybiologist

Mt s hu t khc, khi ghp vi tnh t th chuyn tnh t thnh danh t. V d:

Hu t Ngha ca hu t V d

Suffix Example

-acy Trng thi hay c im Privateprivacy

-dom Ni chn hay trng thi Free freedom

-ity, -ty c im, s vic Active activity

-ness Trng thi Heavy heaviness

HU T CHUYN LOI T SANG TNH T

(ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES)

Cc hu t ive v ible/able khi ghp vo sau mt ng t th chuyn ng t sang tnh t.V d:

Hu t Ngha ca hu t V d

Suffix Meaning Example

C kh nng editedible,
-able, -ible
present presentable

-ive C bn cht/c im create creative

Tng t, mt s hu t khi ghp vo sau danh t, th chuyn danh t sang tnh t. V d:

Hu t Ngha ca hu t V d

Suffix Meaning Example

-al Thuc v Regionregional

-ful Nhn thy l Fruitfruitful

Thuc v Musicmusical
-ic, -ical
Economyeconomic

C c im l Nutitionnutritious,
-ious, -ous
Danger dangerous

-ish C c im l Girlgirlish

-less Khng c Endendless

-y C c im l Sun sunny

Mt s hu t khi ghp vi mt tnh t hay mt danh t, th bin tnh t hoc danh t thnh
ng t. V d:

Hu t Ngha ca hu t V d

Suffix Meaning Example

Lm cho tr nn DifferentDifferentiate
-ate, iate
Activeactivate

-en Lm cho c c im Length lengthen

-ify, -fy Lm cho hoc tr ln Quality qualify

-ize, -ise Lm cho tr nn Civil civilize

Trong ting Anh, hu t -ly c ghp vi nhiu tnh t to ra trng t.

Tnh t + ly= trng t

slow (chm chp)- slowly (mt cch chm chp)

quiet ( im lng)- quietly (mt cch im lng)

Tuy nhin, rt nhiu t c ui ly khng phi l trng t m l tnh t. Cc em cn hc thuc nhng t

nh vy.

Tnh t c ui -ly

Friendly, ugly, weekly, monthly, daily, yearly, silly, womanly, manly, curly

Vic nm r cc tin t v hu t c bn v chc nngchuyn loi t v ngha ca chng gip chng ta

rt nhiu trong x l cc bi thi trc. N gip chng ta loi b nhng la chn khng ph hp, xc nh t
loi, xc nh ngha v suy on ra cu tr li ng nht.

Chng ta cng lm thm mt bi tp trc nghim trong thi THPT nm 2009 v 2010 hiu r im
ny.

Chn phng n ng (ng vi A, B, C, hoc D) hon thnh mi cu sau.

1. The government initiated the programme of reform in the 1980s.

A. economist B. economically C. economised D. economic

2. A scientist who studies living things is a .

A. biology B. biologist C. biologically D. biological

Cha bi:

Cu 1, ch trng cn in l mt tnh t hoc danh t lm b ng trc danh t reform v b ngha cho

n. Xt hu t ca c 4 la chn ta thy

A. economist l danh t v c ngha l nh kinh t khng ph hp v mt ngha v khng ai ni l

chng trnh ci cch nh kinh t c.

La chn B. economically l trng t, cng khng in c vo ch trn v khng lm c b ng cho

danh t.

La chn C. economized cng khng ph hp v n l phn t 2 v c ngha l :c kinh t ha, do

cng khng ph hp v ngha.

Ch cn la chn D. Economic l tnh t v c ngha l (trong lnh vc kinh t). la chn ny ph hp c

v ngha v t loi.
Cm danh t c c sau khi in t l economic reform (ci cch trong lnh vc kinh t)

Cu 2, xt trn ng cnh, ch trng cn in l mt danh t, v n ng sau qun t a v sau n khng

c t no c.

Xt hu t ca 4 p n cho ta thy:

A. l trng t
B. l tnh t
Do c 2 p n ny u khng ph hp.

Ch cn p n A v B.

Hu t ca A. biology ch ra rng y l danh t ch lnh vc ( ngnh sinh hc). hu t ca B. biologist ch

ra rng n l t ch ngi lm vic trong lnh vc sinh hc ( nh sinh vt hc)

Xt trn ng cnh, danh t cn in phi ch ngi hot ng trong lnh vc sinh hc. Do , p n
ng phi l B. Biologist

Mt im cn ch na l, mt s hu t khng thay i trng m ca t khi chuyn loi t.

V d:

Trng m ca t gc khng b thay i khi ghp vi tin t v hu t sau :

Rules
Trng m ca t khng b thay
i khi ghp vi cc hu t
able, al, er, or ful, ing,
ise, ize, ish, less, ly,
ment, ness, v ship, ed
Examples
DRINKable, Musical, emPLOYment, Colourful,
CHILDhood, RUNning, CIVilise, CHILDish,
TASTEless, FRIENDly, HAPpiness,
emPLOYment,
FRIENDship, emPLOYed

Tuy nhin, khi chuyn loi t, th mt s hu t hay ui t li chuyn trng m ca t sang mt m tit
khc. Di y l mt s quy tc v chuyn trng m trong cc t di.

Rules Examples
- Nhng t kt thc bng hu t ic, EDucate eduCAtion
ical ics v sion, tion, tional v MUsic muSIcian
cian thng c trng m ri vo m tit eLECtricelecTRIcian
trc n. DECoratedecoRAtion
InVITeinviTAtion
eCOMomicecoNOMic
-Nhng t kt thc bng -ity, -aphy, - PUBlic pubLICity
logy c trng m ri vo m tit trc PHOtographphoTOgraphy
n. NATional natioNALity
CLImate climaTOlogy

Bi tp thc hnh:

Hy sp xp cc t sau theo cc nhm t loi bng di y. Mt s t c lm sn.

Danh t Tnh t ng t
1 Analysis
2 beneficial
3 consistency
4 Creation, creator
5 definable define
6 environment
7 occur
8 Periodic
9 signify
10 Theory

Cha bi:

Danh t Tnh t ng t
1 aNAlysis anaLYtical ANalyse
2 BEnifit beneFIcial BEnifit
3 conSISTency conSISTent conSIST
4 creATion, creATor, creATive creATE
CreaTIvity
5 defiNItion deFINable, deFInitive deFINE
6 enVIronment, environMENtal
 environMENtalist
7 ocCURence ocCUR
8 PEriod PeriOdic, periOdical
9 sigNIficance sigNIficant SIGnify
10 THEOry TheoREtical THEOrize

Trn y chng ta xem xt ba phng thc lm thay i t gc. Mt l s chuyn i v tr trng m

trong t dn n s thay i v t loi, i khi c v ngha. Hai l tin t thay i ngha ca t gc, v ba
l hu t thay i t loi ca t gc.

Phng thc th t l s dng ui ng t chuyn t ng t sang tnh t. V d chng ta thm

-ed vo ui mt ng t c quy tc bin n thnh tnh t mang ngha b ng. v d:

Use used

We sells used cars. ( chng ti bn xe t qua s dng)

Ni nh th c ngha l chng ta cng c th dng dng qu kh phn t ca ng t bt quy tc to

thnh mt tnh t. V d:

Breakbroken

We had to repair the broken window.

Phng thc ny hay c s dng to mt tnh t ghp bao gm mt trng t v mt tnh t. V d

1. a well-done task: mt nhim v c thc thi rt tt.

2. a beautifully written story: mt cu chuyn vit rt hay

3. a carefully trained watch-dog: mt con ch gi nh c hun luyn chu o.

Tng t, ta cng c th thay i t loi ca t gc, bng cch gn ui -ing vo cui mt ng t

bin n thnh mt tnh t hoc thnh mt danh t.

V d:

1. Swimming is not my favorite sports.

2. Look! Its a flying fish!.

Trong v d 1, swimming l mt ng danh t , tc l mt danh t c to ra bng cch thm ui ing

vo cui ng t.

Trong v d 2, flying l mt tnh t v cng c to ra bng cch thm i ing vo ng t fly

Phng thc th nm cn ghi nh chuyn i t loi, l i vi mt s tnh t chng ta thm

qun t: the
 to thnh mt danh t tp th, ch mt nhm ngi, mt tng lp x hi, v d

the poor = ngi ngho,

the rich = ngi giu.

Vi cch ny chng ta c th tm thy hng lot cch dng nh

1. the old = ngi gi

2. the young = ngi tr

3. the blind: ngi khim th, k m qung

4. the eldest: anh c trong gia nh

5.the youngest: em t trong gia nh

6. the learned: ngi c hc

Bi tp trc nghim:

Chn phng n ng (ng vi A, B, C, hoc D) hon thnh mi cu sau.

1. Fresh air is for our health.

A. use B. using

C. usefully D. useful

2. Sarah danced very ______ in her performance last week.

A. beautifying B. beautifully

C. beauty D. beautiful

Cha bi:

Cu 1, ta thy ch trng cn in ng sau ng t lin h is, trc n cng khng c hn nh t nh

a/an hay the. Do ch trng cn in l 1 tnh t.

Xt cc p n cho, ta thy C. usefully l trng t. p n A. use v B. using l danh t, v do

khng ph hp v t loi.

Vy p n D. useful (c li) l ng.

Cu 2, ch trng cn in ng sau ng t danced v trng t mc very, vy nn n phi l mt

trng t th cch b ngha cho ng t danced.

Xt hu t ca cc p n cho, ta thy tnh t beautifying, danh t beauty v tnh t beautiful u

khng ph hp v t loi.
p n B. beautifully l trng t th cch b ngha cho ng t Danced v l p n ng.

Trong bi thi tt nghip THPT nhng nm qua, dng bi tm li cng i hi hc vin c kin thc v t
loi. Chng ta cng xem v d di y t thi nm 2010

Chn phng n (A hoc B, C, D) ng vi t/ cm t c gch di cn phi sa cc cu

sau tr thnh chnh xc.

1. He was angrily when he saw what was happening.

A B C D

Trong cu trc nghim ny, phn sai l A. Angrily v n l trng t, khng th ng c lp sau ng t
lin h was c. T ny phi sa thnh tnh t angry.

1. For the moment the cold was . (wit )

2. The dog knew that it was not good to walk outside in such . cold. ( fear )

3. Laziness is normally the cause of . (poor )

4. The wind blew very .. last night. ( strength )

5. Dont .. bad habits in a child. (courage )

6. Why dont you discard this old broken bicycle? Its . now. ( use )

7. This knife is blunt. It needs . ( sharp )

8. Dry sand . water. (absorption )

9. If ., the illness can becom severve. ( treat )

10. He has a . English novels. ( prefer )

11. He always tells lies. His words are (value )

12. Were being by next doors stereo. ( deaf )

13. his work suffered because of his total . in sport. (absorp )

14. Intervention made sense both politically and . (military)

15. Clean air makes us .. ( health)

16. Im grateful to you. ( true)

17. Shes conservative. She doesnt want any . (transform)

18. A few diseases are still .. in the world. (treat)

 19. Treating diseases by the lazer is really a (miraculously)

20. He has a . for English novel. (prefer)

21. The vice- manager is now the manager. (act)

22. Its only an . story. (imagine)

23. Before the first day of the new school year, theres a all students. (concentrate)

24. He want to be a . so he will take the entrance examination of the.

(technique)

25. The accident him for life. (deaf)

26. The workers have to know the .. of the devices. (intense)

27. He had stood for two hours outside of the ward. (surgery)

28. There is a . of flood because of bad weather. (short)

29. He hasnt got the .. to think up such a wonderful plan. (imagine)

30. The promised to accept my suggestion. (manage)

31. My new car is more .. than the one I had before (economy)

32. Skilled workers are admitted. (prefer)

33. All the rooms were furnished. (comfortable)

34. This wine is a new (introduce)

35. Regular exercice is just as as eating the right type of food. (importance)

36. House prices are .. to rise sharply. (expect)

Linking words

Linking words Notes

Giving for example or for instance: v d nh

examples:
For example Namely refers to something by name. "There are two problems: namely, the
For instance expense and the time."
Namely

V, hn na, thm vo , cng, bn cnh, v li

Adding In a list, you put a comma between each item, but not before and. Ex: "We
information discussed training, education and the budget."

And Also: add an extra idea or emphasis. Ex: "We also spoke about marketing." + "We
In addition are concerned not only by the costs, but also by the competition."
As well as
Also We don't usually start a sentence with also. If you want to start a sentence with a
Too phrase that means also, you can use In addition, or In addition to this
Furthermore
Moreover As well as: at the beginning or the middle of a sentence.
Apart from
In addition to "As well as the costs, we are concerned by the competition." + "We are interested in
Besides costs as well as the competition."

Too goes either at the end of the sentence, or after the subject and means as
well. Ex: "They were concerned too." + "I, too, was concerned."

Apart from and besides are often used to mean as well as, or in addition to.

Ex: "Apart from Rover, we are the largest sports car manufacturer." + "Besides
Rover, we are the largest sports car manufacturer."

Moreover and furthermore: Ex: "Marketing plans give us an idea of the potential
market. Moreover, they tell us about the competition."

Summarising Tm li, ni chung,

In short His novels belong to a great but vanished age. They are, in short, old-fashioned.
In brief
In summary In brief, the meeting was a disaster.
To summarise
In a nutshell And so I would say, in summary, that the campaign has been a great success or An
To conclude so in summary, I would say that the campaign has been a great success
In conclusion

Sequencing ideas u tin, k n, sau , cui cng,

The former, "Marketing and finance are both covered in the course. The former is studied in
the latter the first term and the latter is studied in the final term."
Firstly, secondly,
finally Firstly, secondly, finally (or lastly) are useful ways to list ideas.
The first point is
Lastly It's rare to use "fourthly", or "fifthly". Instead, try the first point, the second
The following point, the third point and so on.
Next, then, after
that. After a long delay, finally, the performance started + "The following people have
been chosen to go on the training course: N Peters, C Jones and A Owen."

Giving a reason Bi v, ti v

Due to and owing to must be followed by a noun phrase. Ex: "Due to the rise in
Due to / due to oil prices, the inflation rate rose by 1.25%." + "Owing to the demand, we are unable
the fact that to supply all items within 2 weeks."
Owing to / owing
to the fact that With a clause (a subject, verb and object), must use the fact that. Ex: "Due to th
Because fact that oil prices have risen, the inflation rate has gone up by 1%25." + "Owing
Because of to the fact that the workers have gone on strike, the company has been unable to
Since fulfill all its orders."
As
Because / because of. Because of: a noun, or a noun phrase. Ex: "Because of
bad weather, the football match was postponed."

Because: a clause. Ex: "Because it was raining, the match was postponed."
+ Since / as

Since and as mean because. Ex: "Since the company is expanding, we need to hir
more staff." + "As the company is expanding, we need to hire more staff."

Giving a result V th, do , kt qu l..

Therefore Therefore, so, consequently and as a result are all used in a similar way. Ex:
So, hence "The company is expanding. Therefore / So / Consequently / As a result, they
Consequently are taking on extra staff."
This means that
As a result So is more informal. Ex: the shops were closed, so I didn't get any milk
Contrasting ideas Nhng, tuy nhin, mc d.

But But is more informal than however. Ex: "He works hard, but he doesn't earn
However much."
Although / even "He works hard. However, he doesn't earn much."
though
Despite / despite Although, despite and in spite of : contrast. Ex: "Although it was cold, she went
(the fact that) out in shorts."
In spite of / in "In spite of the cold, she went out in shorts."
spite of (the fact
that) Despite and in spite of: a noun phrase. Ex: "Despite the fact that the company
Nevertheless was doing badly, they took on extra employees." Although: a clause
Nonetheless
While Nevertheless and nonetheless mean in spite of that or anyway. Ex: "The sea
Whereas was cold, but he went swimming nevertheless." (In spite of the fact that it was
Unlike cold.)
In theory in "The company is doing well. Nonetheless, they aren't going to expand this year."
practice
While, whereas and unlike: show how two things are different from each
Yet other. Ex: "While my sister has blue eyes, mine are brown." + "Taxes have gone up,
whereas social security contributions have gone down." + "Unlike in the UK, the USA
has cheap petrol."

In theory in practice: show an unexpected result. Ex: "In theory, teachers

should prepare for lessons, but in practice, they often don't have enough time."

Exercise 1: Paying attention to the expressions used in the following sentences, fill
in the blanks with the words and, but also, nor, or, than, then and when, as
appropriate. For example:
1. I have both respect _________ admiration for them.
2. Hardly had I finished reading over the problem, _________ the answer leapt to my
mind.
3. It will rain either today _________ tomorrow.
4. He could not decide whether to tell the truth _________ keep silent.
5. It was not only a beautiful day, ___________ the first day of Spring.
6. If you follow the instructions, __________ you should have no difficulty.
7. He is neither proud _________ condescending.
8. What with one thing _________ another, it was very late by the time we left the
 house.
9. No sooner had I opened my eyes, _________ I remembered where I was.
10. Scarcely had I heard the news, _________ my friend arrived.
11. I do not know whether he has seen the movie before ________ not.
12. I would rather wait here _________ risk missing the bus.
13. She could find the book neither at the Library, _________ at the bookstore.
14. No sooner had I opened the window, _________ a butterfly flew into the room.
15. The crowd was both large _________ enthusiastic.

16. We should either walk quickly __ take the bus.

17. I had scarcely sat down ____ the telephone rang.

Exercise 2: Choose the best answer:

We postponed our holiday ________ the bad weather. (because of, in spite of)

1. We can't go to the cinema ________ it isn't open today. (although, even

though, because)

2. ________her dislikes for coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm. (although,
despite, owing to)

3. Mary will take a plane, __________she dislikes flying. (in spite of, even though,
therefore, moreover)

4. I would like to come, ___ I do not have time. (but, nor, and)

5. ______Marcys sadness at losing the contest, she managed to smile. (despite

of, also, apart from, in spite of)

6. I invited him _________ his friends. (and, but, however)

7. I went for a walk _______ the sun was shining. (because, otherwise)

8. Do you know _______ the stores are open today? (as if, whether, as long as)

9. We recognized her at once, ____________ we had not seen her for years.
(although, in case, if)

10. He kept reading ___________ he fell asleep. (for, until, since)

11. The moon will rise ____________ the sun sets. (as soon as, than, before)

12. It looks ____________ the train will be late. (while, as though, if)

13. ____________ she got her degree, she became a teacher. (After, Than, Before, )
14. We will not go skiing ____________ the weather is good. (as if, unless)

15. ____________ he left, he made sure he had his keys with him. (Before, For)

16. ____________ I told the truth, you would not believe me. (Even if, So that)

17. They have known her ___________ she was a child. (until, since)

18. I must leave now, ____________ I have a great deal of work to do. (as, than)

19. What shall we do ____________ it rains? (or else, supposing)

20. ____________ you read this book, you would be sure to enjoy it. (If, Until)

21. The door was open, ____________ we could hear everything. (in case, so)

22. I studied more ____________ he did. (than, whereas, while)

23. We packed a lunch, ____________ we knew we would soon be hungry. (lest, yet,
for)

24. I will join you, ____________ the weather is fine. (providing that, than, in case)

25. Im going to bring along my umbrella ________ it rains (because of, as a result,
in case, if)

26. ____________ he is very busy, he is seldom at home. (Or else, Because)

27. We must hurry, ___________ we will be late. (so that, or else, )

28. Will you come with me? _________ I shall have to go alone. (Also, Otherwise,
As well as, In case)

29. She is kind. _______, she is rather forgetful. (However, Consequently,

therefore)

30. The work was new to me. ____________, it did not seem difficult.
(Consequently, Nevertheless, In short)

31. Continue along Queen Street. ____________ turn left. (Then, Therefore, also,
too)

32. It was very misty. ______________, we could not get a clear view of the
mountain. (Hence, However)

33. We had walked several miles. ____________, we did not feel tired. (Accordingly,
Still, Since)
34. She is a talented actress. ____________, she is very beautiful. (Moreover, Thus)

35. We take the bus every day. __________, we are familiar with the bus route. (As
if, Nevertheless, Thus)

36. The child was sleepy. ______________, we went home early. (Otherwise,
Therefore)

37. The food was delicious. _____________, the service was excellent. (Likewise,
Nevertheless)

38. We looked everywhere. _____________, we could not find the keys. (However,
Thus, Likewise)

39. The book is long. _____________, the vocabulary is difficult. (In summary,
Consequently, Furthermore)

40. Luckily, the moon was bright. ______, we could not have seen the path.
(Accordingly, Otherwise, Besides)

41. He is old. _____________, his mind is still active. (Nonetheless, Therefore,

Moreover, As well as)

42. It was very hot. ____________, we decided to go swimming. (Consequently, So)

43. It was very hot, __ we decided to go swimming. (Consequently, So)

44. I have invited him. ____________, I have invited his sister. (Also, And)

45. He walked up to the door ____________ knocked. (and, likewise)

46. The bus fare is expensive; ____________, I prefer to walk. (so, therefore)

47. She is well-educated. ____________, she has very good manners. (And,
Besides)

48. I would rather travel by train, ___________ the bus leaves earlier. (but,
however)

49. We were born in this village; ____________, we know everyone here. (hence, so
that)

50. Put less wood on the fire, ___________ it will be too smoky. (or, otherwise)

51. They got off the train. __________ they began to search for a hotel. (And, Then)

52. She studied for many months; ____________, she knew the material thoroughly.
(consequently, so that)
53. The weather was hot; ____________, the air was humid. (and, moreover, as well
as)

54. Please come with us, ____________ I can introduce you to my friends.
(providing that, thus, so that)

55. The sun was warm, ____________ a cool breeze blew in from the sea. (also,
and, nor, but, however)

56. I have read this book before; ____________, I do not remember the plot. (but,
however)

57. They were hot ____________ tired. (or, and, too)

58. The door was locked; ____________, we would have waited inside. (firstly, or,
otherwise)

59. I have known her for many years; ____________, I understand her character
well. (so that, thus)

60. We opened the window ____________ fresh air would blow into the room.
(because, consequently, so that)

61. He is ignorant; ____________, he is lazy. (and, furthermore, so, thus)

62. They visited many stores; ___________, they could not find what they were
looking for. (but, however)

63. You should go to sleep now, ____________ you will be tired tomorrow. (or,
otherwise, and, but)

64. I was worried; ___________, I was determined not to show it. (but,
nevertheless, in addition)

CONNECTORS

1) You should keep the milk in the refrigerator_____________ it doesnt go bad.

A. since B. So that C. Because D. After

2) You should say goodbye to your brother _____________ you leave for Europe.

A. despite B. After C. Since D. before

3) The class discussion was short;_____________, we gained some knowlegde from it.
 A. however B. Moreover C. Although D.
therefore

4) The undergone is cheap;_____________, its faster than the train.

A. however B. Moreover C. But D. so

5) _____________ you study harder, you wont win the scholarship.

A. unless B. Because C. If D. in order

that

6) The countrytside air is fresh,________________, its not polluted.

A. however B. Whenever C. Moreover D. beside

7) ________________ she spoke slowly, I dont understand her.

A. since B. Although C. If D. as

8) We will wait her ____________ he comes back.

A. while B. Until C. Since D. for

9) Our teacher explained the lesson slowly ______________ we might understand

him.

A. and B. So that C. If not D. or

10) _____________ it rained heavily, we went to school on time.

A. even though B. Despite C. Because D. though

not

11) Our visit to Japan was delayed___________ my wifes illness.

A. because B. Because of C. Thanks to D.

although

12) __________ he some to the theatre with me, I shall go alone

A. because of B. Because C. Unless D. when

13) He tries his best to work hard ______________ help her family get over
the difficulties.
 A. so as that B. In order that C. Oi order to D. so as
not to

14) We moved to the front row _____________ we could hear and see better.

A. so as that B. Because C. Although D. so that

15) I made a mistake ____________ I was tired after the work.

A. though B. So that C. Because D. if

16) Minh had a terrible headache. __________________, he still wanted to go

to school.

A. therefore B. But C. However D.

although

17) My sister will take the plane to Singapore______________ she dislikes

flying.

A. because B. So that C. Therefore D.

though

18) My car broke down on the way.____________, when I got the airport, the
plane had taken off.

A. because B. However C. Therefore D.

although

19) His mother was sick._________________, Jane had to stay at home to look
after her.

A. but B. However C. So D.
therefore

20) They asked me to wait for them; ____________, he didnt turn back.

A. but B. However C. So D.
Therefore

21) Many people still believe him very much __________ he sometimes tell
lies.
 A. because B. since C. although D.
despite

22) They were walking on the street _________ there was an accident.

A. when B. while C. because D. so that

23) __________ the darkness in the room, we couldnt continue our studying.

A. because B. since C. although D. In

spite of

24) Mary tries to study as hard as possible ___________ she can get the
scholaship to study in England.

A. in order to B. so that C. because D.

because of

25) She stopped at the post office ___________ she could send the letter to
her parents.

A. although B. so as to C. in order that D.

despite

26) He didnt wear warm clothes __________________ the cold weather in

winter.

A. because B. although C. because of D. in

spite of

27) What had you done ____________ I phoned you?

A. as soon as B. by the time C. after D. while

28) Tom couldnt get a job _____________ he couldnt speak English well.

A. because B. although C. because of D. in

spite of

29) _____________ he knew the danger of smoking, he couldnt give it up.

A. since B. though C. because of D.

despite

30) He knew the danger of smoking;______________, he couldnt give it up.

 A. therefore B. But C. However D.
although

31) ____________ their poverty in their family, they live happily together
everyday.

A. as B. though C. because D.
despite

32) He didnt drink beer _______________ he was really thirsrty.

A. in spite of B. even though C. because D. since

33) We will go without him ____________ he comes here on time.

A. though B. unless C. Because D. If

34) Mike went ot the banbk ______________ he cashed his cheque.

A. Therefore B. So that C. However D.

Although

35) The students finish the test well _________________ its difficulties
yesterday.

A. therefore B. In spite of C. However D.

Although

36) She has driven a car _____________ she studied at the university.

A. as soon as B. by the time C. after D. since

37) We started out on the trip ______________ the weather was extremely
hot.

A. because B. In spite of C. Because of D.

Although

38) We should wait for her __________ we had much time.

A. though B. unless C. Because D. If

39) ____________ we had much time, we shouldnt wait for her

A. though B. unless C. Because D. If

40) The food didnt look appetizing;______________, many people liked
enjoying it.

A. Therefore B. So that C. However D.

Although

41) It was already 6p.m, ______________ we closed our office and went home.

A. therefore B. But C. However D. So

42) Ok! you can take Chemistry as your major.______________, you should
remember that it is not easy to learn.

A. therefore B. But C. However D.

Although

43) John succeeded in the exam ______________ his hard and methodical
work.

A. because B. In spite of C. Because of D.

Although

44) He didnt stop his car ___________ the traffic light turned red.

A. because B. In spite of C. Because of D.

Although

45) She didnt join our programme _________________ she had to take a
summer course at the college.

A. so that B.because of C. Because D.

Although

46) She wanted to go to bed early ________________ her bad tiredness.

A. because B. In spite of C. Because of D.

Although

47) _________________ he had to take her mother to the hospital, he still

attened our party yesterday.

A. because B. In spite of C. Because of D.

Although
48) ______________ they had read these books, they went out.

A. as soon as B. before C. after D. since

49) The students couldnt do the test ______________ its copmplicated

problems.

A. because B. In spite of C. Because of D.

Though

50) ______________ it got dark, they continued working.

A. because B. In spite of C. Because of D. Even

though

51) He is very famous in his career, _____________, hes always simple and
modest.

A. Therefore B. But C. However D. So

52) _______________ the hardship he met, he always feels optimistic.

A. Because B. despite C. Because of D. Even

though

53) The Americans had modern weapons, ___________ they failed in the war
in Vietnam.

A. Therefore B. But C. However D. So

54) Luans directions to his house were clear,_____________, Binh got lost.

A. Therefore B. But C. However D. So</

 MT S CU TRC VIT LI CU

Cc Trng Hp Vit Li Cu

- Dng 1 cu trc no trong Ting Anh

- Dng dng khc ca t

- Chuyn t ch ng sang b ng

- Chuyn t cu trc tip sang gin tip

- Cc trng hp v o ng

Ch khi vit li cu

- Ch v th: cu c vit li phi cng th vi cu cho.

- Ch v ng php: cu c vit li phi ng v ng php.

- Ch v ngha ca cu sau khi vit phi khng i so vi cu ban u.

Phng php hc dng bi ny

Phng php: su tp v lm cng nhiu mu cu cng tt, sau c i c li nhiu ln cho thuc lng.

Mt s dng bi c bn
1. It takes sb khong thi gian to do sth = sb spend khong thi gian doing sth

VD: It took her 3 hours to get to the city centre.

= She spent 3 hours getting to the city centre.

2. Understand = to be aware of

VD: Do you understand the grammar structure?

= Are you aware of the grammar structure?

3. Like = to be interested in = enjoy = keen on

VD: She likes politics

= She is interested in politics

4. Because + clause = because of + N

VD: He cant move because his leg was broken

= He cant move because of his broken leg

5. Although + clause = despite + N = in spite of + N

VD: Although she is old, she can compute very fast

= Despite / In spite of her old age, she can compute very fast

6. Succeed in doing sth = manage to do sth

VD: We succeeded in digging the Panama cannel

= We managed to dig the Panama cannel

7. Cu trc: . too + adj (for sb) to do sth: qu lm g VD: She is so beautiful that everybody loves her.

= It is such a beautiful girl that everybody loves her.

Adj/ Adv + enough (for sb) to do sth: lm g VD: This car is safe enough for him to drive

= The policeman ran quickly enough to catch the robber

8. Cu trc: prefer sb to do sth = would rather sb Vpast sth: thch, mun ai lm g VD: Id prefer you (not) to
smoke here

= Id rather you (not) smoked here

9. Prefer doing sth to doing sth: thch lm g hn lm g

Would rather do sth than do sth

VD: She prefers staying at home to going out

= Shed rather stay at home than go out

10. Can = to be able to = to be possible

11. Hardly + had +S + Vpp when S + Vpast: ngay sau khi... th
No sooner + had +S + Vpp than S + Vpast

VD: As soon as I left the house, he appeared

= Hardly had I left the house when he appeared

= No sooner had I left the house than he appeared

12. Not..any more : khng cn na No longer + dng o ng S no more V

VD: I dont live in the countryside anymore

= No longer do I live in the countryside

= I no more live in the countryside

13. At no time + dng o ng: khng khi no, chng khi no VD: I dont think she loves me

= At no time do I think she loves me

14. To be not worth = there is no point in doing sth: khng ng lm g

15. To be not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth: khng ng, v ch lm g VD: Its not worth
making him get up early

There is no point in making him getting early

16. It seems that = it appears that = it is likely that =it look as if/ as though: dng nh rng VD: It seems that
he will come late

= It appears that / it is likely he will come late

= He is likely to come late.

= It look as if he will come late

17. Although + clause = Despite + Noun/gerund

18. S + V + N = S + be + adj

19. S + be + adj = S + V + O

20. S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving /N

21. S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N

VD: Nana often cried when she meets with difficulties.

= Nana is used to crying when she meets with difficulties

22. This is the first time + S + have + PII = S + be + not used to + Ving/N

VD: This is the first time I have seen so many people crying at the end of the movie.
= I was not used to seeing so many people crying at the end of the movie.

23. S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (li cu khn)

24. S + like sth/doing sth better than sth/doing sth = S + would rather + V + than + V = S + prefer sth/doing
sth to sth/doing sth...

VD: I prefer going shopping to playing volleyball.

= I would rather go shopping than play volleyball.

26. S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V

27. Its ones duty to do sth = S + be + supposed to do sth

28. S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to do sth

29. Imperative verb (mnh lnh) = S + should (not) + be + PII

30. Imperative verb (mnh lnh) = S + should (not) + do sth

31. S + like sth = S + be + fond of + sth

VD: I like do collecting stamps.

= I'm fond of collecting stamps.

32. I + let + O + do sth = S + allow + S.O + to do Sth

VD: My boss let him be on leave for wedding.

= My boss allowed him to be on leave for wedding.

33. S + once + past verb = S + would to + do sth.

34. S + present verb (negative) any more = S + would to + do sth.

35. S + V + because + S + V = S + V + to + infinitive

VD: She studies hard because she wants to pass the final examination.
= She studies hard to pass the final examination.

36. S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V = S + V + to + infinitive

38. To infinitive or gerund + be + adj = It + be + adj + to + V

39. S + V + and + S + V = S + V + both ... and

40. S + V + not only ... + but also = S + V + both ... and

41. S + V + both ... and ... = S + V + not only ... but also...

VD: He translated fast and correctly.

= He translated not only fast but also correctly.

44. S1+simple present+and+S2+simple further =If+S1 + simple present + S2 + simple further.

45. S1+didnt + V1 + Because + S2 + didnt + V2 = If Clause

46. Various facts given = Mnh if th hin iu tri ngc thc t.

47. S1 + V1 + if + S2 + V2(ph nh)= S1 + V1 + Unless + S2 + V2 (khng nh)

48. S + V + O = S + be + noun + when + adj clause.

49. S + V + O = S + be + noun + where + adj clause.

50. S + V + O = S + be + noun + whom + adj clause.

51. S + V + O = S + be + noun + which + adj clause.

52. S + V + O = S + be + noun + that + adj clause.

53. S + V + if + S + V (phu dinh) = S + V + unless + S + V (khng dinh)

54. S + be + scared of sth = S + be + afraid of + sth

55. Lets + V = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

56. In my opinion = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive (quan im ca ti)62. S + get + sb + to do

sth = S + have + sb + do sth

67. Why dont you do sth? = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

60. S + advise = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

VD: She gets him to spend more time with her.

= She have him spend more time with her.

61. S + ask + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth

VD: Police asked him to identify the other man in the next room.

= Police have him identify the other man in the next room.

62. S + request + sb + to do sth= S + have + sb + do sth

VD: The teacher request students to learn by heart this poem.

= The teacher have students learn by heart this poem.

63. S + want + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth

VD: I want her to lend me

= I have her lend me.

64. S + V + no + N = S + be + N-less

VD: She always speaks no care.

= She is always careless about her words.

65. S + be + adj + that + S + V = S + be + adj + to + V

VD: Study is necessary that you will get a good life in the future.

= Study is necessary to get a good life in the future.

66. S + be + adj + prep = S + V + adv

VD: My students are very good at Mathematics.

= My students study Mathematics well.

67. S + remember + to do Sth = S + dont forget + to do Sth

VD: I remember to have a Maths test tomorrow = I don't forget to have a Maths test tomorrow.

68. It + be + adj = What + a + adj + N!

VD: It was an interesting film.

= What an interesting film.

69. S + V + adv = How + adj + S + be ...

VD: She washes clothes quickly

= How quick she is to wash clothes.

70. S + V + Khong thi gian = It + take + (sb) + Khong thi gian + to + V

VD: She has learned English for 5 years.

= It takes her 5 years to learn English.

71. S + be + too + adj + (for s.o) + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + cant + V

VD: The water is too hot for Peter to drink.

= The water is so hot that Peter can't drink it.

72. S + V + too + adv + to + V = S + V + so + adv + that + S + cant + V

73. S + be + so + adj + that + S + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V

74. S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V

75. S + V + so + adv + that + S + V = It + V + such + (a/an) + N(s) + that + S +V

VD: He speaks so soft that we cant hear anything.

= He does not speak softly.

76. Because + clause = Because of + noun/gerund

VD: Because she is absent from school...= Because of her absence from school...
 Nhng cm t i km gii t
thng dng trong ting Anh
1. From time to time (occasionally): thnh thong.

We visit the museum from time to time Thnh thong chng ti n thm vin bo tng.

2. Out of town (away): i vng, i khi thnh ph.

I cannot see her this week because shes out of town Tun ny ti khng th gp c y v c y
i khi thnh ph.)

3. Out of date (old): c, li thi, ht hn.

Dont use that dictionary. Its out of date ng dng cun t in , n li thi ri.

4. Out of work (jobless, unemployed): tht nghip.

Ive been out of work for long Ti b tht nghip lu ri.

5. Out of the question (impossible): khng th c.

Your request for an extension of credit is out of question Yu cu ko di thi gian tn dng ca
anh th khng th c.

6. Out of order (not functioning): h, khng hot ng.

Our telephone is out of order in thoi ca chng ti b h.

7. By then: vo lc .

Hell graduate in 2009. By then, he hope to have found a job Anh y s tt nghip vo nm
2009. Vo lc , anh y hi vng tm c mt vic lm.

8. By way of (via): ngang qua, qua ng.

We are driving to Atlanta by way of Boston Rouge Chng ti s li xe i Atlanta qua ng

Boston Rouge.

9. By the way (incidentally): tin th, nhn tin

By the way, Ive got two tickets for Saturdays game. Would you like to go with me? Ti c 2
v xem trn u ngy th by. Tin th, bn c mun i vi ti khng?

10. By far (considerably): rt, rt nhiu.

This book is by far the best on the subject Cun sch ny rt hay v ti .

11. By accident (by mistake): ngu nhin, khng c .

Nobody will receive a check on Friday because the wrong cards were put into the computer by
accident Khng ai s nhn c bu phiu vo ngy th su v nhng phiu sai v tnh
c a vo my in ton.

12. In time ( not late, early enough): khng tr, sm.

We arrived at the airport in time to eat before the plane left Chng ti n phi trng va
thi gian n trc khi phi c ct cnh.

13. In touch with (in contact with): tip xc, lin lc vi.

Its very difficult to get in touch with her because she works all day Rt kh tip xc vi c y
v c y lm vic c ngy.

14. In case (if): nu, trong trng hp.

Ill give you the key to the house so youll have it in case I arrive a littlle late. Ti s a cho
anh chic cha kha ngi nh anh c n trong trng hp ti n hi tr mt cht.

15. In the event that (if): nu, trong trng hp.

In the event that you win the prize, you will be notified by mail Trong trng hp anh ot gii
thng, anh s c thng bo bng th.

16. In no time at all (in a very short time): trong mt thi gian rt ngn.

He finished his assignment in no time at all Anh ta lm bi xong trong mt thi gian rt ngn.

17. In the way (obstructing): chon ch, cn ng.

He could not park his car in the driveway because another car was in the way Anh ta khng th
u xe ch li xe vo nh v mt chic xe khc chon ch.
18. On time (punctually): ng gi.

Despite the bad weather, our plane left on time Mc d thi tit tit xu, my bay ca chng ti
ct cnh ng gi.

19. On the whole (in general): ni chung, i khi.

On the whole, the rescue mission was well excuted Ni chung, s mnh cu ngi c
thc hin tt.

20. On sale: bn gim gi.

Today this item is on sale for 25$ Hm nay mt hng ny bn gim gi cn 25 la.

21. At least (at minimum): ti thiu.

We will have to spend at least two weeks doing the experiments Chng ti s phi mt t nht
hai tun l lm cc th nghim.

22. At once (immediately): ngay lp tc.

Please come home at once Xin hy v nh ngay lp tc.

23. At first (initially): lc u, ban u.

She was nervous at first, but later she felt more relaxed Ban u c ta hi hp, nhng sau c
ta cm thy th gin hn.

24. For good (forever): mi mi, vnh vin.

She is leaving Chicago for good C ta s vnh vin ri khi Chicago.

Phrasal verbs

Verb + preposition/adverb combinations account

***

Account for (tr) = give a good reason for, explain satisfactorily (some action or expenditure) = vin l do,
gii thch (cho hnh ng no , ph tn)

E.g: He cant account for his illness to be absent from the class. (Anh ta khng th vin l do m ngh
hc c.)
Allow for (tr) = make provision in advance for, take into account (usually some additional requirement,
expenditure, delay etc.)= k n, tnh n, ch n.

E.g: - It is 800 kilometres and I drive at 100 k.p.h., so I'll be there in eight

hours.(on ng di 800 km, ti s ti trong vng 8 ting na)

- But youll have to allow for delays going through towns

and for stops for refuelling. (Nhng anh cn phi tnh n nhng tr ngi khi i qua th trn v lc dng
li tip nhin liu na ch)

Answer back (intr), answer somebody back = answer a reproof impudently = ci li

E.g: FATHER: Why were you so late last night? You weren't in till 2 a.m. (Ti sao con li v mun ti hm
qua? Ti 2 gi sang m con vn cha v.)

SON: You should have been asleep. (Lc b phi ang ng ri ch)

FATHER: Don't answer me back. Answer my question. (ng ci li nh th. Tr li cu hi ca b i.)

Ask

ask after/for somebody = ask for news of = hi thm v tnh hnh ca ai

E.g: I met Tom at the party; he asked after you. (Mnh gp Tom ba tic, anh y c hi thm v cu)

ask for

(a) = ask to speak to= mong mun gp v ni chuyn vi ai

E.g: Go to the office and ask for my secretary. (Hy ti c quan, gp v ni chuyn vi th k ca ti)

(b) = request, demand = yu cu, i hi

E.g: The men asked for more pay and shorter hours. (ng ta i tr thm tin v rt ngn thi gian)

ask someone in (object before in) = invite him to enter the house = mi ai vo nh

E.g: He didn't ask me in; he kept me standing at the door while he read the message. (Anh ta khng mi
ti vo nh, mc ti ng ngoi ca trong khi anh ta c mt cun tp ch)

ask someone out (object before out) = invite someone to an entertainment or to a meal (usually in a
public place)= mi ai i chi hoc i n (thng l ni cng cng)

E.g: She had a lot of friends and was usually asked out in the evenings, so she seldom spent an evening
at home. (C ta c rt nhiu bn v thng r h i chi vo bui ti nn c y him khi ginh mt bui
ti nh.)
Back

back away (intr) = step or move back slowly (because confronted by some danger or unpleasantness)
= li ra pha sau (v s hi hay khng thch)

E.g: When he took a gun out everyone backed away nervously. (Khi anh ta rt ra mt khu sng mi
ngi u li li mt cch s hi)

back out (intr) = withdraw from promise = tht ha

E.g: He agreed to help but backed out when he found how difficult it was. (Anh ta ha gip nhng li
nut li v thy n kh)

back somebody up = support morally or verbally = h tr hay khuyn khch v tinh thn hay bng li

E.g: He never backed his younger sister. (Anh ta khng bao gi khuyn khch c em gi c)

Be

be against (tr) = be opposed to (often used with gerund) = chng li, phn i (thng i vi v- ing)

E.g: I'm against doing anything till the police arrive. (Ti phn i lm bt c vic g cho ti khi cnh st
ti)

be away (intr) = be away from home/this place for at least a night. = ra khi nh hoc mt ni no qua
m

be back (intr) = have returned after a long or short absence = tr li sau mt thi gian di vng mt

E.g: I want to see Mrs Pitt. Is she in? (Ti mun gp b Pitt. B y c trong phng khng?)

No, I'm afraid she's away for the weekend. (Khng, ti e rng b y i ngh cui tun)

When will she be back? (Khi no b y v?)

She'll be back next week. (B y s quay tr li vo tun ti)

be for (tr) = be in favour of (often used with gerund). = thch th (thng i vi v-ing)

be in (intr) = be at home/in this building. = nh hoc trong mt ta nh

be in for (tr) = be about to encounter (usually something unpleasant) = s bt gp, gp phi (thng l
nhng iu khng mong mun)

E.g: If you think that the work is going to be easy youre in for a shock. (Nu anh ngh cng vic s d
dng th anh s b sc y)

be over (intr) = be finished = kt thc

E.g: The storm is over now; we can go on. (Cn bo qua, chng ta c th i ri)

be out (intr) = be away from home/from building for a short time - not overnight. = ra khi nh hay ta
nh trong mt thi gian ngn (khng qua m)

be up (intr) = be out of bed: = thc dy

E.g: Don't expect her to answer the doorbell at eight o 'clock on Sunday morning. She won't be up. (ng
mong c y s p li chung ca vo lc 8h sang ch nht. c y s khng thc dy u.)

be up to (tr) = be physically or intellectually strong enough (to perform a certain action). The object is
usually it, though a gerund is possible = c th lc hay s minh mn ( lm mt vic g ). Tn ng
thng l it, thm ch l mt v-ing

E.g: After his illness the Minister continued in office though he was no longer up to the work/up to doing
the work. (Sau trn m, ngi B trng tip tc cng vic c quan mc d ng y khng cn sc
lm cng vic )

be up to something/some mischief/some trick/no good = be occupied or busy with some mischievous

act = c lin quan, dnh lu hay bn rn vi nhng iu c hi.

E.g: Don't trust him; he is up to some trick. (ng tin anh ta, anh ta c dnh lu ti nhng iu gian tr)

Note that the object of up to here is always some very indefinite expression such as these given above. It
is never used with a particular action. (Ch rng tn ng ca up to lun lun l nhng biu hin mp
m khng r rng nh c a ra trn. N khng bao gi c s dng vi danh t ring)

it is up to someone (often followed by an infinitive) = it is his responsibility or duty = ty thuc vo ai

(thng i vi ng t nguyn th c to)

E.g: I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you to finish this work. (You must continue by
your own efforts.) (Ti gip anh ht sc c th. By gi l ty thuc vo anh kt thc cng vic
ny) (Anh phi tip tc bng chnh kh nng ca mnh)

Bear

bear out (tr) = support or confirm = ng h hay xc nhn

E.g: This report bears out my theory, (bears my theory out/bears it out) (bn bo co ny xc nhn hc
thuyt ca ti)

bear up (intr) = support bad news bravely, hide feelings of grief = i mt vi tin xu mt cch dng cm,
che giu cm gic au bun

E.g: The news of her death was a great shock to him but he bore up bravely and none of us realized how
much he felt it. (Nhng tin tc v ci cht ca c y l mt c sc ln i vi anh y nhng anh y i
mt vi n v khng ai trong s chng ti nhn ra anh ta b sc mnh n th no)
Blow

blow out (tr) = extinguish (a flame) by blowing = thi tt (ngn la)

E.g: The wind blew out the candle, (blew the candle out/blew it out) (cn gi thi tt cy nn)

blow up (tr or intr)

(a) = destroy by explosion, explode, be destroyed = ph hy bng v n, n tung, b ph hy

E.g: They blew up the bridges so that the enemy couldn't follow them, (blew the bridges up/blew them
up) (h cho n tung cy cu k th khng th i theo h c na)

(b) = fill with air, inflate, pump up = thi phng, bm phng

E.g: The children blew up their balloons and threw them into the air. (blew the balloons up/blew them
up) (nhng a tr thi nhng qu bng v th chng ln tri)

Boil

boil away (intr) = be boiled until all (the liquid) has evaporated = si cho ti khi cn ht (cht lng)

E.g: I put the kettle on the gas ring and then went away and forgot about it. When I returned, the water
had all boiled away and the flame had burnt a hole in the kettle. (Ti m nc ln bp gas v tra ngoi
v qun. Khi ti quay li, nc si, cn ht v ngn la lm thng ci m)

boil over (intr) = to rise and flow over the sides of the container (used only of hot liquids) = trn ra (ch
dng cho cht lng nng)

E.g: The milk boiled over and there was a horrible smell of burning. (Sa trn ra ngoi v c mi chy
khng khip)

Break

break down figures = take a total and sub-divide it under various headings so as to give additional
information = chia nh ( tng, thng tin) cho d hiu

E.g: You say that 10,000 people use this library. Could you break that

down into age-groups? (Anh ni rng 10000 ngi s dng quyn t in ny. Anh c th chia h ra theo
nhm tui c khng)

break down a door etc. = cause to collapse by using force = ph hy

E.g: The firemen had to break down the door to get into the burning house, (break the door down/break it
down) (Ngi lnh cu ha phi ph ca vo c trong ngi nh ang chy)
break down (intr) = collapse, cease to function properly, owing to some fault or weakness = s sp ,
ngng hot ng, c khuyt im hay s yu km

(a) Used of people, it normally implies a temporary emotional collapse = dng cho ngi, n
thng c ni ti mt s suy sp nht thi.

E.g: He broke down when telling me about his son's tragic death. (He was overcome by his sorrow; he
wept.) (ng y suy sp khi k cho chng ti nghe v ci cht bi thm ca con trai ng y).

(b) When used of health it implies a serious physical collapse = khi s dng vi sc kho n ni ti
mt tn thng nng v th cht

E.g: After years of overwork his health broke down and he had to retire. (Sau mt nm lm vic qu sc,
sc kho ca ng y gim st trm trng v phi ngh hu)

(c) It is very often used of machines = n thng c s dng cho my mc vi ngha hng hc

E.g: The car broke down when we were driving through the desert and it took us two days to repair
it. (Chic xe b hng khi chng ti ang li qua min hoang mc v phi mt hai ngy sa n)

(d) It can be used of negotiations = n c th s dng cho s m phn, tho thun

E.g: The negotiations broke down (were discontinued) because neither side would compromise. (S tho
thun chm dt v c hai bn u s b hi)

break in (intr), break into (tr)

(a) = enter by force = t nhp

E.g: Thieves broke in and stole the silver. (Nhng tn trm t nhp vo nh v ly trm bc)

The house was broken into when the owner was on holiday. (Ngi nh b t nhp khi chng ti ang
i ngh)

(b) = interrupt someone by some sudden remark = ngt li ai bng nhng nhn xt hay bnh lun bt
ng

E.g: I was telling them about my travels when he broke in with a story of his own. (Ti ang ni cho h v
chuyn hnh trnh th anh ta ngt li bng mt cu chuyn v chnh anh ta)

break in (a young horse/pony etc.) (tr) = train him for use = thun ha (mt con nga non)

E.g: You cannot ride or drive a horse safely before he has been broken in. (Anh khng th ci mt con
nga mt cch an ton trc khi n c thun ha)

break off

(tr or intr) = detach or become detached = tch ra hay b tch ra, ly ra

E.g: He took a bar of chocolate and broke off a bit. (broke a bit off/ broke it off) (Anh ta cm ly mt thanh
scola v ly ra mt t)

(tr) = terminate (used of agreements or negotiations) = chm dt (dng cho nhng tha thun hay nhng
m phn)

E.g: Ann has broken off her engagement to Tom. (broken her engagement off/broken it off) (Ann va
chm dt tha thun vi Tom)

(intr) = stop talking suddenly, interrupt oneself = dng ni bt thnh lnh, t ngt li

E.g: They were in the middle of an argument but broke off when someone came into the room. (H ang
trong vng tranh ci th dng li khi ai bc vo phng)

break out (intr)

(a) = begin (used of evils such as wars, epidemics, fires etc.) = n ra, bt u (thng dung vi nhng
iu xu nh chin tranh, bnh dch, ha hon)

E.g: War broke out on 4 August. (Chin tranh n ra vo ngy 4/8)

(b) = escape by using force from a prison etc. = trn thot bng v lc (khi nh t)

Eg: They locked him up in a room but he broke out. (Smashed the door and escaped) (H nht anh ta
trong mt cn phng nhng anh ta trn thot)(Ph ca v trn ra)

The police are looking for two men who broke out of prison last night (Cnh st ang truy tm hai tn trn
tri ti qua)

break up (tr or intr) = disintegrate, cause to disintegrate = (lm) tan r, phn hy, p v

E.g: If that ship stays there it will break up/it will be broken up by the waves. (Nu ci thuyn ny y
n s v tan/ n s b p v bi song bin)

Divorce breaks up a lot of families, (breaks families up/breaks them up) (Li d lm tan r rt nhiu gia
nh)

break up (intr) = terminate (used of school terms, meetings, parties etc.) = kt thc (thng dng cho
nm hc, cuc hp, ba tic)

E.g: The school broke up on 30 July and all the boys went home for the holidays. (Nm hc kt thc vo
30/7 v tt c hc sinh v nh cho k ngh)

The meeting broke up in confusion. (Bui hp kt thc trong s m h nhm ln)

Bring

bring someone round (tr) (object usually before round) (tn ng thng ng trc round)
(a) = persuade someone to accept a previously opposed suggestion = thuyt phc ai chp nhn
ngh b t chi trc y

E.g: After a lot of argument I brought him round to my point of view (Sau rt nhiu tranh ci ti thuyt
phc c anh y chp nhn quan im ca ti.)

(b) = lead somebody to a place = dn ai i u

E.g: My father brought the whole family around the city. (B ti a c nh i thm thnh ph)

bring up (tr)

(a) = educate and train children = gio dc v nui nng nhng a tr

E.g: She brought up her children to be truthful, (brought her children up/brought them up) (C y dy
nhng a tr phi thnh tht)

(b) = mention = cp n

E.g: At the last committee meeting, the treasurer brought up the question of raising the annual
subscription, (brought the question up/brought it up) (Trong bui hp hi ng cui cng, th qu
cp n cu hi v s tng ln ca s tin quyn gp hng nm)

Burn down (tr or intr) = destroy, or be destroyed completely by fire (used of buildings) = Thiu ri (to
nh)

E.g: The mob burnt down the embassy, (burnt the embassy down/burnt it down) (m ng thiu ri
to i s)

The hotel burnt down before help came. (Khch sn chy ri trc khi c s cu cha)

Call

call at (tr) = meaning 'visit' (for a short time) = gh thm (trong khong thi gian ngn)

E.g: I called at the bank and arranged to transfer some money. (Ti gh qua ngn hng v chun b
chuyn mt s tin)

call for (tr)

(a) = visit a place to collect a person or thing = n ai hoc ly ci g

E.g: I am going to a pop concert with Tom. He is calling for me at eight so I must be ready then. (Mnh s
i xem ha nhc vi Tom. Anh y s n mnh vo lc 8 gi nen mnh s phi chun b xong trc )
 Let's leave our suitcases in the left luggage office and call for them later on when we have the
car. (Hy vali ca chng ta trong phng bn tri v ly chng sau khi chng ta c xe.)

(b) = to demand or require = i hi hay yu cu

E.g: The present condition call for her strong will. (Hon cnh hin ti i hi c y phi c ch vng
vng)

call in (tr)

= to request or return of something = Thu v, thu li

E.g: The commercial banks called their money in. (cc ngn hng thng mi i tin v

= to ask sb to come = gi n, mi n

E.g: The father decided to call the doctor in because the childs health was not good at all. (Ngi b
quyt nh mi bc s ti bi sc kho ca a con khng c tt

call off (tr) = cancel something not yet started, or abandon something already in progress = hu b, b
d ci g

E.g: They had to call off (= cancel) the match as the ground was too wet to play on. (Call the
match off/call it off) (H phi hu b trn u v sn qu t khng th chi c)

When the fog got thicker the search was called off. (abandoned)(Khi s ng m dy hn cuc nghin cu
b b d)

call on (a person)

= to summon or gather together = huy ng, gom li

E.g: He called on all the housewives in the area and asked them to sign

the petition. (Anh y huy ng tt c cc b ni tr trong vng v nh h k tn vo n kin ngh)

= to appeal to = thnh cu

E.g: he had to call on his parents as the last resource when his company bankrupted. (Anh ta phi thnh
cu cha mj mnh nh l bin php cui cng khi cng ti anh ta b ph sn)

call out (tr) = summon someone to leave his house to deal with a situation outside. (It is often used of
troops when they are required to leave their barracks to deal with civil disturbances) = huy ng (thng
s dng vi qun i khi h c yu cu ri khi doanh tri gii quyt nhng v gy ri)

E.g: The police couldnt control the mob so troops were called out. (Cnh st khng th kim sot c
m ng v th qun i c huy ng)
call up (tr)

(a) = summon for military service = huy ng nhp ng

E.g: In countries, men are called up at the age of eighteen, (call up men/call men up/call them up) (
nhiu nc nhng ngi n ng phi nhp ng tui 18)

(b) = telephone = gi in

E.g: I called Tom up and told him the news, (called up Tom/called him up) (Ti gi cho Tom v bo tin
cho anh y).

Care

care about (tr) = to feel concerned about sb/st = quan tm ti ai, ci g

E.g: The professor said that he was interested only in research; he didnt really care about students. (ng
gio s ni rng ng ta ch thch nghin cu, ng ta khng quan tm ti sinh vin)

care for (tr)

(a) = like (seldom used in the affirmative) = thch (him khi c s dng trong th khng nh)

E.g: He doesn't care for films about war. (Anh y khng thch phim v chin tranh).

(b) = look after (not much used except in the passive) = chm sc (khng c s dng nhiu tr trong
th b ng).

E.g: The house looked well cared for. (Had been well looked after/was in good condition) (Ngi nh nhn
c v c trng nom rt tt)

Carry

carry on (intr) = continue (usually work or duty) = tip tc (thng dng cho cng vic, nhim v)

E.g: I can't carry on alone any longer: I'll have to get help. (Ti khng th tip tc mt mnh c
na, ti s phi xin s gip )

carry on with (tr) is used similarly = tng t nh carry on

E.g: The doctor told her to carry on with the treatment. (Bc s khuyn c y tip tc iu tr)

carry out (tr) = perform (duties), obey (orders, instructions), fulfil (threats) = thi hnh (nhim v), tun
theo (lnh, ch dn), thi hnh (li e do)

E.g: You are not meant to think for yourself; you are here to carry out my orders. (Anh khng c t tin,
anh y tun theo lnh ca ti).
The Water Board carried out their threat to cut off our water supply. (They threatened to do it and they did
it.) (Cng ti cp nc thc hin li e do ngng cung cp nc)

He read the instructions but he didn't carry them out. (Anh y c ch dn nhng khng tun theo
chng)

Catch up with (tr), catch up (tr or intr) = overtake, but not pass = bt kp

E.g: I started last in the race but I soon caught up with the others. (Caught them up/caught up) (Ti khi
ng ng chy cui cng nhng ti sm bt kip nhng ngi khc)

Youve missed a whole term; you 11 have to work hard to catch up with the rest of the class, (catch
them up/catch up) (Cu vng mt c k hc, cu s phi hc tp chm ch bt kp nhng ngi khc
trong lp)

Clean

clean out (tr) (a room/cupboard/drawer etc.) = clean up (tr) (a mess, e.g. anything spilt) = clean and tidy
it thoroughly = lau chi v dn dp k lng (phng, t , ngn ko), (ng hn n, nhng th ba bi
ra)

E.g: I must clean out the spare room, (clean the spare room out/clean it out) (Ti phi dn dp phng ng
cho khch

Clean up any spilt paint, (clean the spilt paint up/clean it up) (Hy lau sch ht sn b tro ra)

clean up (intr) (is used similarly) = (c s dng vi ngha tng t)

E.g: These painters always clean up when they've finished, (leave the place clean) (Nhng ho s lun
dn dp sch khi h lm xong)

Clear

clear away (tr) = remove articles, usually in order to make space = di chuyn , thng ly ch
trng)

E.g: Could you clear away these papers? (Clear these papersaway/clear them away) (Anh c th chuyn
ch giy ny i khng?)

clear away (intr) = disperse = gii tn, phn tn

E.g: The clouds soon cleared away and it became quite warm. (m my nhanh chng tan ra v tri tr
nn kh m p)
 The crowd cleared away when the police arrived. (m ng gii tn khi cnh st ti)

clear off (intr) from an open space = go away = ri i

E.g: He cleared off without saying a word. (Anh ta b i m khng ni li no).

clear out (intr) of a room, building = go away (colloquial; as a command it is definitely rude) = ri i (t
mt cn phng hay mt to nh ) (thng tc, nh mt li yu cu th l)

E.g: Clear out! If I find you in this building again, I'll report you to the police. (Ct i! Nu ti cn nhn thy
anh trong cn nh ny, ti s t co anh vi cnh st)

clear out (tr) a room/cupboard/drawer etc. = empty it, usually to make room for something else = dn dp
gn gng ngn np (thng ly ch cho nhng th khc)

E.g: I'll clear out this drawer and you can put your things in it. (clear this drawer out/clear it out) (Ti s
dn ci ngn ko ny ri anh c th b ca mnh trong )

clear up (intr) = become fine after clouds or rain = tr nn tt hn, p hn (sau my en hoc cn ma)

E.g: The sky looks a bit cloudy now but I think it will clear up. (Bu tri nhn hi nhiu my nhng ti ngh
thi tit s tt hn thi)

clear up (tr or intr) = make tidy and clean = dn dp gn gng ngn np

E.g: When you are cooking it's best to clear up as you go, instead of leaving everything to the end and
having a terrible pile of things to deal with. (Khi nu n th tt nht con hy dn sch khi con i, thay v
mi th li v phi gii quyt mt ng th kinh khng)

Clear up this mess, (clear this mess up/clear it up) (Hy dn dp ci m hn n ny i)

clear up (tr)

(a) = finish (some work which still remains to be done) = hon thnh (cng vic no m vn cn tn
ng)

E.g: I have some letters which I must clear up before I leave tonight. (Ti cn my bc th phi vit xong
trc khi ti i ti nay)

(b) = solve (a mystery) = gii quyt, tho g, lm r (mt iu huyn b, mt b mt no )

E.g: In a great many detective stories when the police are baffled, an amateur detective comes along and
clears up the mystery, (clears it up) (Trong rt nhiu truyn trinh thm, khi cnh st gp tr ngi th mt
thm t nghip d xut hin v khm ph ra b mt.)
1.Beat ones self up: t trch mnh (khi dng, thay one's self bng mysel, yourself, himself,
herself...)

2.Break down: b h

3.Break in: t nhp vo nh

4.Break up with s.o: chia tay ngi yu, ct t quan h tnh cm vi ai

5.Bring s.th up: cp chuyn g

6.Bring s.o up: nui nng (con ci)

7.Brush up on st: n li

8.Call for st: cn ci g ;

Call for sb : ku ngi no , cho gi ai , yu cu gp ai

9.Carry out: thc hin (k hoch)

10.Catch up with sb: theo kp ai

11.Check in: lm th tc vo khch sn

12.Check out: lm th tc ra khch sn

13.Check st out: tm hiu, khm ph ci g

14.Clean st up: lau chi

15.Come across as: c v (ch ng l ngi)

16.Come off: trc ra, st ra

17.Come up against s.th: i mt vi ci g

18.Come up with: ngh ra

19.Cook up a story: ba t ra 1 cu chuyn

20.Cool down: lm mt i, bt nng, bnh tnh li (ch ng c th l ngi hoc vt)

21.Count on sb: tin cy vo ngi no

22.Cut down on st: ct gim ci g

23.Cut off: ct la, ct tr gip ti chnh

24.Do away with st: b ci g i khng s dng ci g

25.Do without st: chp nhn khng c ci g

26.Dress up: n mc p
27.Drop by: gh qua

29.Drop sb off: th ai xung xe

30.End up = wind up: c kt cc

31.Figure out: suy ra

32.Find out: tm ra

33.Get along/get along with sb: hp nhau/hp vi ai

34.Get in: i vo

35.Get off: xung xe

36.Get on with sb: ha hp, thun vi ai

37.Get out: ct ra ngoi

40.Get rid of st: b ci g

41.Get up: thc dy

42.Give up st: t b ci g

43.Go around: i vng vng

44.Go down: gim, i xung

45.Go off: n (sng, bom), reo (chung)

46.Go on: tip tc

47.Go out: i ra ngoi, i chi

48.Go up: tng, i ln

49.Grow up: ln ln

50.Help s.o out: gip ai

51.Hold on: i t

52.Keep on doing st: tip tc lm g

53.Keep up st: hy tip tc pht huy

54.Let s.o down: lm ai tht vng

55.Look after sb: chm sc ai

56.Look around: nhn xung quanh

57.Look at st: nhn ci g

58.Look down on sb: khinh thng ai

59.Look for sb/st: tm kim ai / ci g

60.Look forward to st/Look forward to doing st: mong mi ti s kin no

61.Look into st: nghin cu ci g , xem xt ci g

62.Look st up: tra ngha ca ci t g

63.Look up to sb: knh trng, ngng m ai

64.Make st up: ch ra, ba t ra ci g

65.Make up ones mind: quyt nh

66.Move on to st: chuyn tip sang ci g

67.Pick sb up: n ai

68.Pick st up: lm ci g ln

69.Put sb down: h thp ai

70.Put sb off: lm ai mt hng, khng vui

71.Put st off: tr hon vic g

72.Put st on: mc ci g vo

73.Put st away: ct ci g i

74.Put up with sb/ st: chu ng ai / ci g

75.Run into sb/ st: v tnh gp c ai /ci g

76.Run out of st: ht ci g

77.Set sb up: gi ti ai
Set up st: thnh lp ci g (y ban, t chc,..)

78.Settle down: n nh cuc sng ti mt ch no

79.Show off: khoe khoang

80.Show up: xut hin

81.Slow down: chm li

82.Speed up: tng tc

83.Stand for: vit tt cho ch g

84.Take away (take st away from sb): ly i ci g ca ai

85.Take off: ct cnh (ch ng l my bay), tr nn thnh hnh, c a chung (ch ng l

tng, sn phm..)

86.Take st off: ci ci g

87.Take up: bt u lm mt hat ng mi (th thao, s thch,mn hc)

88.Talk sb in to st: d ai lm ci g

89.Tell sb off: la ry ai

90.Turn around: quay u li

91.Turn down: vn nh li

92.Turn off: tt

93.Turn on: m

94.Turn st/sb down: t chi ci g/ai

95.Turn up: vn ln ln

96.Wake up: (t) thc dy Wake s.o up: nh thc ai dy

97.Warm up: khi ng

98.Wear out: mn, lm mn (ch ng l ngi th c ngha l lm mn, ch ng l vt th c

ngha l b mn)

99.Work out: tp th dc, c kt qu tt p

100.Work st out: suy ra c ci g

1. Nhng t dng thm thng tin

and (v)
also (cng)
besides (ngoi ra)
first, second, third (th nht, th hai, th ba)
in addition (thm vo )
in the first place, in the second place, in the third place ( ni th nht, ni th hai, ni th ba)
furthermore (xa hn na)
moreover (thm vo )
to begin with, next, finally (bt u vi, tip theo l, cui cng l)

2. Nhng t du hiu ch nguyn nhn, h qu

Accordingly (Theo nh)

and so (v v th)
as a result (Kt qu l)
consequently (Do )
 for this reason (V l do ny nn)
hence, so, therefore, thus (V vy)
then (Sau )

3. Nhng du hiu ch s so snh

by the same token (bng nhng bng chng tng t nh th)

in like manner (theo cch tng t)
in the same way (theo cch ging nh th)
in similar fashion (theo cch tng t th)
likewise, similarly (tng t th)

4. Nhng du hiu ch s i lp

but, yet (nhng)

however, nevertheless (tuy nhin)
in contrast, on the contrary (i lp vi)
instead (Thay v)
on the other hand (Mt khc)
still (vn)

5. Nhng t du hiu ch kt lun hoc tng kt.

and so (v v th)
after all (sau tt c)
at last, finally (cui cng)
in brief (ni chung)
in closing (tm li l)
in conclusion (kt lun li th)
on the whole (ni chung)
to conclude ( kt lun)
to summarize (Tm li)

6. T du hiu ch v d

as an example
for example
for instance
specifically
thus
to illustrate

7. Nhng t du hiu ch s khng nh

in fact (thc t l)
indeed (Tht s l)
no (khng)
yes (c)
especially (c bit l)

8. Nhng t du hiu ch a im

above (pha trn)

alongside (dc)
 beneath (ngay pha di)
beyond (pha ngoi)
farther along (xa hn dc theo)
in back (pha sau)
in front (pha trc)
nearby (gn)
on top of (trn nh ca)
to the left (v pha bn tri)
to the right (v pha bn phi)
under (pha di)
upon (pha trn)

9. Nhng t du hiu ch s nhc li

in other words (ni cch khc)

in short (ni ngn gn li th)
in simpler terms (ni theo mt cch n gin hn)
that is ( l)
to put it differently (ni khc i th)
to repeat ( nhc li)

10. Nhng t ch du hiu thi gian

afterward (v sau)
at the same time (cng thi im)
currently (hin ti)
earlier (sm hn)
formerly (trc )
immediately (ngay lp tc)
in the future (trong tng lai)
in the meantime (trong khi ch i)
in the past (trong qu kh)
later (mun hn)
meanwhile (trong khi )
previously (trc )
simultaneously (ng thi)
subsequently (sau )
then (sau )
until now (cho n by gi)

1. C qua c li mi toi lng nhau

You scratch my back and Ill scratch yours

2. C mi ni c
New one in, old one out

3. Mt b mi lo lm chung
It too late to lock the stable when the horse is stolen

4. Gng cng gi cng cay

With age comes wisdom

5. Khng c g qu hn c lp t do
Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom

6. Tt g hn tt nc sn
Handsome is as handsome does

7. Ma ru qua mt th
Never offer to teach fish to swim

8. Cha hc b ch lo hc chy
To try to run before the one can walk

9. Cha thy quan ti cha l

Nobody has ever shed tears without seeing a coffin

10. Tin no ca ny
You get what you pay for

11. Khe nh tru

As strong as a horse

12. ng no cng v La M
All roads lead to Rome

13. Hu x t nhin hng

Good wine needs no bush

14. V qut dy c mng tay nhn

Diamond cuts diamond

15. Thng cho roi cho vt

Spare the rod and spoil the child

16. Ni mt ng lm mt no
Speak one way and act another

17. ng nh gi con ngi qua b ngoi

Dont judge a book by its cover

18. Ni gn ni xa chng qua ni tht

Its no use beating around the bush

19. Mu s ti nhn thnh s ti thin

Man proposes God deposes

20. Xa mt cch lng

Out of sight out of mind

21. D trong d c ao nh vn hn
East or West home is best

22. Chn ngi 10

So many men, so many minds

23. Khng ai hon ho c

Every man has his mistakes

24. Yu ai yu c ng i, ght ai ght c tng chi h hng

Love me love my dog

25. Ci g n cng n
What will be will be

26. Sng c khc ngi c lc

Every day is not Sunday

27. Nhp gia ty tc

When in Rome do as the Romans do

28. Ci ngi hm trc hm sau ngi ci

He laughs best who laughs last

29. Chm m chc

Slow but sure

30. Ci nt nh cht ci p
Beauty is only skin deep

31. Ngh no cng bit nhng chng tinh ngh no

Jack of all trades and master of none

32. Ni no p vung ny
Every Jack has his Jill

33. Hon nn mi bit bn hin

A friend in need is a friend indeed

34. c gi c bo
Curses come home to roost

35. Tay lm hm nhai

No pains no gains

36. Tham th thm

Grasp all lose all

37. Ni th d lm th kh
Easier said than done

38. D c th cng d mt
Easy come easy go

39. Phi thng bt ph

Nothing venture nothing gains

40. Mi thi mi cch

Other times other ways

41. Cn nc cn tt
While theres life, theres hope

42. Thng rng ku to

The empty vessel makes greatest sound

43. C tt git mnh

He who excuses himself, accuses himself

44. Yu nn tt, ght nn xu

Beauty is in the eye of the beholder

45. Mt git mu o hn ao nc l
Blood is thicker than water

46. Cn tc v u
Good watch prevents misfortune

47. tng ln gp nhau

Great minds think alike

48. ic khng s sng

He that knows nothing doubts nothing

49. No bng i con mt

His eyes are bigger than his belly

50. Vn s khi u nan

Its the first step that counts

51. Cha no con ny

Like father like son

52. n ming tr ming

Tit for tat

53. Cng ng cng vui

The more the merrier

54. Vng ch nh g mc ui tm
When the cat is away, the mice will play

55. Chng no tt ny
Who drinks will drink again

56. Ni trc bc khng qua

Dont count your chickens before they hatch

57. Ch ci v rng
To carry coals to Newcastle

58. Dc tc bt t
Haste makes waste

59. Ci khng s l
If you sell your cow, you will sell her milk too

60. Khng vo hang cp sao bt c cp con

Neck or nothing

61. hin gp lnhA good turn

deserves another

62. Sai mt ly i mt dm
A miss is as good as a mile

63. Thng lm vua thua lm gic

Losers are always in the wrong

64. Mt n ci bng mi than thuc b

Laughing is the best medicine

65. Ming hm gan sa

If you cant bite, never show your teeth

66. Tnh yu l m qung

Love is blind

67. Khng c la sao c khi

Where theres smoke, theres fire

68. Vic g qua ri hy cho qua

Let bygones be bygones

69. Gieo gi t gp bo
We reap what we sow

70. Nht ca lng tin

To kill two birds with one stone

71. Thuc ng d tt
Bitter pills may have blessed effects

72. Cht vinh cn hn sng nhc

Better die on your feet than live on your knees

73. on kt l sng, chia r l cht

United we stand, divided we fall

74. ng thanh tng ng, ng kh tng cu

Birds have the same feather stick together

75. C cng mi st c ngy nn kim

Practice makes perfect

76. ng bao gi b cuc

Never say die up man try

77. Ung nc nh ngun

When you eat a fruit, think of the man who planted the tree

78. Ch thy sng long m tng l vng

All that glitters is not gold

79. Vic g lm c hm nay ch ngy mai

Never put off tomorrow what you can do today

80. Th con tp bt con tm

To set a sprat to catch a mackerel

81. Th tr cn hn khng
Better late than never

82. i mt ngy ng hc mt sng khn

Travel broadens the mind

83. Khng hn khng km

No more no less

84. c n c ng v khng
Sink or swim

85. c ng no hay ng
To live from hand to mouth

86. c voi i tin

To give him an inch, he will take a yard

87. c ci ny th mt ci kia
You cant have it both ways

88. Trai khn v v, gi ngoan v chng

A good wife makes a good husband

89. Nhn vic bit ngi

A man is known by the company he keeps

90. Mua danh ba vn bnh danh ba ng

A good name is sooner lost than won

91. Tt danh hn tt o
A good name is better than riches

92. Nhn hin ti mo

A good face is a letter of recommendation

93. u xui ui lt
A good beginning makes a good ending

94. Vng tht khng s la

A clean hand needs no washing

95. Tht bi l m thnh cng

The failure is the mother of success

96. Chy tri khng khi nng

The die is cast

97. Cht l ht
Death pays all debts

98. Xanh v lng

A black hen lays a white egg

99. Thi gian s lm lnh mi vt thng

Time cure all pains

100. C tin mua tin cng c

Money talks

101. Ha v n ch
Misfortunes never come alone.

102. Cy ngay khng s cht ng

A clean hand wants no washing.

103. Tin l mt ngi y t c lc nhng l mt ng ch ti

Money is a good servant but a bad master

104. Tr mi khng gi
As ageless as the sun

105. Ging nhau nh 2 git nc

As alike as two peas

106. Xa nh qu t
As accient as the sun

107. Khi no c dp
As and when

108. en nh mc
As black as coal

109. Khng t nh mi ngi ngh

To be not as black as it is painted

110. R nh ban ngy

As clear as daylight

111. p du p m ai n p duyn
Love cant be forced

112. Sau cn ma tri li sng

After rain comes fair weather

113. Thua keo ny ta by keo khc

Better luck next time
1. Amused /mju:zd/ vui v

2. Angry /gri/ tc gin

3. anxious / ks / lo lng

4. Annoyed / nd / bc mnh

5. Appalled / pld / rt sc

6. Apprehensive / prhensv / hi lo lng

7. Arrogant /rgnt/ kiu ngo

8. Ashamed / emd / xu h

9. Bewildered / bwldr / rt bi ri

10. Bored /b:d/ chn

11. Confident / knfdnt / t tin

12. Cheated / titd / b la

13. Confused /knfju:zd/ lng tng

14. Cross / krs / bc mnh

15. Depressed / dprest / rt bun

16. Delighted / dlatd / rt hnh phc

17. Disappointed / dspntd / tht vng

18. Ecstatic / ksttk / v cng hnh phc

19. Enthusiastic /nju:zistk/ nhit tnh

20. Excited / Excited / phn khch, hng th

21. Emotional / monl / d b xc ng

22. Envious / envis / thm mun, k

23. Embarrassed / mbrst / hi xu h

24. Frightened / fratnd / s hi

25. Frustrated /frstretd/ tuyt vng

26. furious / fjris / gin gi, in tit

27. Great / ret / tuyt vi

28. Happy /hpi/ hnh phc

29. Horrified /hrfa/ s hi

30. Hurt /h:t/ tn thng

31. Irritated / rtetd / kh chu

32. Intrigued / ntrid / hiu k

33. Jealous / dels / ganh t

34. Jaded / dedd / chn ngy

35. Keen / kin / ham thch, tha thit

36. Let down / let dan / tht vng

37. Malicious /mls/ c c

38. Nonplussed / nnplst / ngc nhin n ni khng bit phi lm g

39. Negative / netv / tiu cc; bi quan

40. Overwelmed / ovrwelmd / chong ngp

41. Over the moon /ovr mun / rt sung sng

42. overjoyed / ovrdd / cc k hng th.

43. Positive / pztv / lc quan

44. relaxed / rlkst / th gin, thoi mi

45. Reluctant / rlktnt / min cng

46. Sad /sd/ bun

47. scared / skerd / s hi

48. Seething / si / rt tc gin nhng giu kn

49. stressed / strest / mt mi

50. Surprised /sprazd/ ngc nhin

51. Suspicious / ssps / a nghi, ng vc

52. Terrific / Terrific / tuyt vi

53. Terrible / terbl / m hoc mt mi

54. Terrified / terfad / rt s hi

55. Tense / tens / cng thng

56. Thoughtful /:tfl/ trm t

57. Tired /tad/ mt

58. Upset / pset / tc gin hoc khng vui

59. Unhappy / nhpi / bun

60. Victimised / vktmaz / cm thy bn l nn nhn ca ai hoc ci g

61. wonderful / wndrfl / tuyt vi

62. Worried /wrid/ lo lng

173 CU BI TP WORD FORM C P N

1. The act of _________ should be prohibited under any circumstances. Everyone all has equal rights to
vote. (FRANCHISE)
2. The boss ordered his staff to be ________ with each other in dealing with the company's end-of-year
burden. (LABOR)
3. It is such a _________ story that the mom lost her child when her family immigrated from Africa into
Europe. (LUCK)
4. The mayor was determined that he would do everything in his power to _________ the murder case.
(MYSTERY)
5. The government stressed it was not abandoning its tough __________ policies. (INFLATE)
6. The woman detected her ________ conditions soon after she felt ill in her body. (CANCER)
7. I cast my eyes ________ and saw the geese flying in V-line. (HEAVEN)
8. ________ programs are offered to those who want to do professional training while being paid to work.
(SERVICE)
9. It is inhumane to sell ________ limbs of the animals, such as rhinoceros or elephants, in the market
place. (MEMBER)
10. He was regarded as a _______ winner as he beat his opponents in three straight sets. (RUN)
11. Although some hold out hope for a sea wall and land reclamation programme, it is admittedly nothing
more than a mere ________ (STOP)
12. A(n) ________ is implanted in the body to prop up the heart. (MAKE)
13. She is ________ gorgeous in that gown. (DIE)
14. His behavior at the party was _________, which went beyond everyone's expectations. (ERR)
15. The advent of computers was one of the _________ milestones in the mankind's history. (NOTE)
16. His condition was so serious _________ as he had to stay in hospital for a month. (MUCH)
17. Pending the _________ of KFC, the manager had to catch up on a huge number of backlogs. (TAKE)
18. It is __________ to be waken up by the noisy music from the neighbor's house. (IRK)
19. Like many other __________ of my age, I dread to use hi-tech gears. (TECHNICAL)
20. Bacteria derived from __________ disease can be contagious among people having reciprocal
contact. (MENINGES)
21. The woman is getting older. She is now in the __________ year of her age. (LIGHT)
22. Chemicals are easily __________ if they are laid open in the atmosphere for a long time. (ACTION)
23. The spectators booed as the referee did not disallow the _______ goal. (SIDE)
24. The government must work at full tilt to promote the economy and reduce the ________.
(EFFICIENT)
25. The Earth is experiencing a major ________ in the climate. (HEAVE)
26. My ________ is the unique thing that distinguishes me from others. (MARK)
27. Children who grow up in peace tend to be more ________ than those who grow up in war. (ADAPT)
28. My mother ________ me a great deal of encouragement after I got bad grades in my exam. (VOUCH)
29. He is a(n) ________ man. He does not gain any ground in his family. (WILL)
30. You can look at the ________ of this Chinese book to see the elucidation of these new words. (ADD)
31. The reaction that occurs within the cell is called _________ reaction. (CELL)
32. He was ________ from the hustle and bustle of life since he moved to this rural area. (TANGLE)
33. I ________ over whether to go abroad or not. (SHALL)
34. Many people nowadays want to indulge themselves in ________ industries such as finance and the
like. (KNOW)
35. Please accept this ________ as a reminder of your stay here. (REMEMBER)
36. A(n) ________ is the one who turns into wolf during full moon. (WOLF)
37. Nitrogen oxide is a(n) ________ compound of oxygen and nitrogen. (ATOM)
38. The story broadens the horizon of the children about their _______. (BEAR)
39. I met my old friend at the supermarket this morning, which was quite ________. (FORTUNE)
40. The mall has intrigued a great number of visitors since it was ________ last month. (GRAND)
41. She cast her eyes ________ and saw a mysterious man looking at her. (STREET)
42. The girl excelled herself at the exam and came ________ to the two boys. (THREE)
43. Scientists from Russia, America and Japan have recently filled the periodic tables seventh row with
four _________ chemical elements. (HEAVE)
44. It is a misconception that _________ human blood is blue. (OXYGEN)
45. The house is painted in such a(n) _________ style. (SAVOUR)
46. In this modern day, you have to keep yourself _________ so as not to lag behind others. (DATE)
47. This book is _________. You can find information about the varieties of plants around the world here.
(EMBRACE)
48. The little rainfall ________ a poor crop for farmers in this village. (BODE)
49. That word is such a(n) ________. It is not easy to pronouce at all. (JAW)
50. _________ and disinfectants are widely used in hospital to kill the bacteria. (SEPTIC)
51. Due to the prolonged _________, the goods arrived later than we had expected. (CONTENT)
52. Found in ________ condition, the house is intended to be demolished. (DOWN)
53. ________ of violence has been possible by means of television. (DOCTRINE)
54. He laid his desk _________. It is untidily filled with all kinds of stuff. (HEAP)
55. It is ________ that he will press ahead with his project. Nothing can prevent him. (ODD)
56. X-rays, known as a form of ________, are widely utilized nowadays to diagnose medical conditions.
(RADIAL)
57. His misunderstanding of the situation resulted in his _________. Everyone could make out the
embarassing remarks on his face. (COMPOSE)
58. The minister _________ the fight against hunger in his opening speech. (ACCENT)
59. Even the most _________ equipment cannot replace the role of the teachers in the future. (ART)
60. America is considered one of the biggest _________ in the world. (POWER)
61. The water ________ in the building is of great concern. It can damage the walls if not managed
properly and timely. (FILL)
62. He took off his hat and a pigeon flew out. It was ________ a trick. (GUILE)
63. In a _________ manner, he stepped into the room and shouted at the top of his voice. (DOUBT)
64. You should not assess a situation from such a(n) ________ side. (LATERAL)
65. The homless woman pleaded for a shelter from the rain in a(n) _________ tone. (PASSION)
66. The man reported than he had seen a(n) _________ object, which might well be a UFO. (EGG)
67. The coal cellar needs to be equipped with _________ system in order to prevent suffocation. (VENT)
68. The advent of Internet is an important __________ in human history. (MARK)
69. His face showed the remark of _________ even when we were talking about seriously. ( FLIP)
70. What you know is rather __________. And it is unfair to judge just through a cursory glance. (FACIES)
71. Moving _________ is moving in a direction opposite to the direction the hands of the clock moves.
(CLOCK)
72. Reta is studying animal __________ at the Oxford university. (GENE)
73. The crews fortuitously dicovered a __________ in the ships cool chamber. (STOW)
74. The man was _________ on a medal for bravely taking a child out of the burning house. (STOW)
75. The report has _________ the cause of global warming in the past decades. (POINT)
76. It may take more than a month to deliver our car from Germany to VietNam as it is _________. (SHIP)
77. Titanic is an example of _________ romance. (SHIP)
78. The machine cannot work properly as a direct result of _________. (ALIGN)
79. There used to be a __________ in Quang Tri, whose remains now become a historical site. (HOLD)
80. Andy was ___________ from the volunteer group due to his poor attitude. (COMMUNICATE)
81. I was so ____________ that even a spider scared me. (KNEE)
82. The government ____________ its responsibility in the leakage of confidential information. (NEGATE)
83. Try not to be ___________ even if you are tremendously successful. (VAIN)
84. Bob is a(n) ___________ of an intelligent student. (TYPE)
85. The goverments policy to soothe the anger among people was ___________. It should have
happened earlier. (CHRONOLOGY)
86. Toms collection is such a(n) ___________. There is no connection between things. (MASH)
87. I was completely ___________ by the fact that he was going to get married. (MUSE)
88. Sleeping during day and working when night comes sounds seemingly __________. (SCIENCE)
89. I question whether a spectacle so fantastic and impressive was ever dealtwith, even in the pages of
__________ fiction. (SCIENCE)
90. Adams gait is a(n) __________ for his strong personality. (WORD)
91. The apricot blossom __________ during spring. (GERM)
92. In an _________ world, people have to change to get into the swing of the environment. (EVOLVE)
93. I __________ the distance from my house to the Anns hospital and arrived there rather late. (RECK)
94. Harry Porters personality is successfully ___________ by J.K.Rowling throughout her series. (LINE)
95. Your __________ saying last night could hurt other peoples feelings although you might not intend to
say so. (SENSE)
96. What Thuy Minh said has provoked violent __________ from critics as well as celebrities. (BLAST)
97. You are becoming a(n) ___________. Just go outside and see what happens. (LAY)
98. A ___________ is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and records the signal
using a camera. (SPECTRUM)
99. Cindy showed ___________ support at Joshs project. She always believes him. (FALTER)
100. Securing a ___________ job is most peoples dreams. (CLERK)
101. This place is an ___________ zone, which is restricted to people who work in the Parliamentary
House only. (EXCLUDE)
102. He was ___________ by the darkness and got lost in the forest. (NIGHT)
103. He was ___________ with intelligence but he tried hard to make up for it. (ENDOW)
104. Any ___________ gimmicks are forbidden in this competition. (MALICE)
105. Surely all women must have ___________ instinct or the human race would die out. (MOTHER)
106. Putting up with noise coming from the neighbor is probably the most ____________ thing. (TO)
107. The leader was taken into custody, which brought an end to the _____________. (SURGE)
108. The spectacular view of Sa Pa has _____________ many visitors. (RAPTURE)
109. Andy has received such _____________ fame after he tried himself in the schools play. (WONT)
110. The aridity in that area _____________ a poor crop. (TOKEN)
111. Some people argue that money has _____________ football. (BASE)
112. This remote village bore the _____________ of the storm. (PREDATOR)
113. People is a ____________ word. (SYLLABLE)
114. The young boy was _____________ by the two men who then asked the innocent for money. (WAY)
115. Taking that old lady for a ride is _____________. (CONSCIENCE)
116. To achieve the _____________ logic, you have to employ certain techniques of using connectives
like and, or in the right place within the sentence. (SENTENCE)
117. This chair is almost too ____________, so replace it with a new one! (ANNUAL)
118. Underground nuclear _____________ are believed to have been carried out. (TONE)
119. The opponents of nuclear power may object to the scheme for some ______________ reasons.
(MENTION)
120. Every point in his speech is _____________, which allows the audience to follow easily. (PERSPEX)
121. The ______________ is used to measured the smallest things! (MICRO)
122. His ______________ talking annoys the teachers a lot. (TERMINAL)
123. Many ______________ policies have come into force to boost the economic development.
(BUSINESS)
124. A(n) _____________ schedule assists me in passing the day smoothly. (ARRANGE)
125. Allowing yourself anything you like makes you a ____________ figure. (INDULGE)
126. Mary ______________ with her husband about his budget this month. (POSTULATE)
127. It is impossible to _______________ his excellence at work. (SAY)
128. People in coastal area live mainy on the ______________, which allows them to earn a great deal of
money from the sea products (CULTURE)
129. People felt a great pity for the time spent to see such a(n) _____________ film. (ABYSS)
130. Every book has a ______________ including what the authors say about their masterpiece.
(WORD)
131. I cannot imagine why there are such ______________ people in this world. Dont they feel any
sympathy for the homeless? (HEART)
132. I will bring my unbrella along on the _____________ that it rains. (CHANCE)
133. The dramatic decrease in the ________________ of this factory can be a direct result of
underpayment. (PUT)
134. The contaminated drinking water in Flint, Michigan can cause ______________ consequences.
(LIFE)
135. It is a _____________ fact that the vegeterian sausages were invented during World War I. (KNOW)
136. His recent unpredictable mood ____________ him from his friends. (STRANGE)
137. I was ______________ and fell in love with her immediately at first sight. (LOVE)
138. The camera must be clean with a soft ____________ cloth. Otherwise, the water will permeate and
cause damage. (WRING)
139. His recent ups and downs made the criminal more ____________ than ever. (BITE)
140. John Cena used to be in his _____________ in WWE but since his dislocation, he had to leave for
operation and it would take him a long time to make a full recovery. (DAY)
141. Bats use ______________ to navigate in the dark when hunting prey. (LOCATION)
142. He was lying, indicated by the _______________ sign that his hands were shivering. (TELL)
143. Thanks to the _____________ at the bottom of the page, the Chinese-VietNamese poem becomes
more accessible. (NOTE)
144. The dog seems rather _______________; it must not have been fed for days. (SEE)
145. ________________ injection is the most common way to inject drugs. (VEIN)
146. _________________ medication brings about a quick relief but it is not recommended for long-term
treatment. (ACT)
147. Ivans camera now ________________ because he carelessly dropped it into the pool. (FUNCTION)
148. Mary told the doctor about her stomachs ________________. It didnt seem to work properly.
(FUNCTION)
149. A cock roach can continue to live for a few days even if it is ________________. (CAPITA)
150. Their house is decorated in such a _________________ way so that it fit in with other houses.
(DESCRIBE)
151. ________________ people are strong and healthy ones who can make a living on their own.
(BODY)
152. I spent the whole evening _______________ my messy house. (CLUTTER)
153. Remember to read every _______________ in the contract because it can be a trap for the unwary.
(PRINT)
154. I did my project in my own way, not in a ________________ one. (TREAD)
155. From six oclock _______________, Im home! (ON)
156. Some of the ________________ and __________________ regions in Somalia have adopted
distinctive symbols , including flags, while others continue to use the Somali flag. (DEPEND/AUTONOMY)
157. A(n) _________________ disease is one that will gradually deteriorate the functioning of any one
part in your body. (GENERATE)
158. It is widely known that judges have _________________ powers. (DISCRETION)
159. The little boy left his hand-made boat _______________ on the river. (DRIFT)
160. The students are ________________ seperated into differnt classes. (QUALIFY)
161. He suffered from headaches as an _______________ of his accident. (AFFECT)
162. The renown that Michael Jackson gained for himself is almost ________________. (SUPERIOR)
163. Viet Nam used to be ________________ into two seperate areas, with the border being Gianh river.
(MASS)
164. The walls were _________________ with colors, which make it so beautiful. (STRIPE)
165. A bottle of cooled water had __________________ effects on us after a long walk. (VIGOR)
166. Hand ________________ is accused of including BBA, which can cause many health problems.
(SANITARY)
167. Their trouble is __________________. They themselves made the situation worse. (INFLICT)
168. The _________________ inside our bodies is a complex system. (MUSCLE)
169. I do not understand why Adriana was so ________________ at last nights party. She is usually
clever and tactical when meeting people. (ADROIT)
170. Viet Nam went through _________________ process and became an independent country.
(COLONY)
171. Most findings about the universe are ________________ because of the lack of evidence.
(DETERMINE)
172. A(n) __________________ is used to measure the level of alcohol in ones blood from a breath
sample. (BREATH)
173. Laptops nowadays have ___________________ cameras, which makes it even more convenient for
the users. (BUILT)

P N
1. disenfranchisement
2. collaborative
3. hard-luck
4. demystify
5. anti-inflationary
6. precancerous
7. heavenwards
8. In-service
9. dismembered
10. runaway

11. stopgap
12. pacemaker
13. drop-dead
14. aberrant
15. noteworthy
16. inasmuch
17. takeover
18. irksome
19. technophobes
20. meniggitic
21. twilight
22. deactivated

23. offside
24. deficits
25. upheaval
26. birthmark
27. maladapted
28. vouchsafed
29. weak-willed
30. addendum
31. intracellular
32. disentangled
33. shilly-shally
34. knowledge-based
35. memento
36. werewolf
37. biatomic
38. forebears
39. fortuitous
40. aggrandized
41. streetwards
42. tertiary

43. superheavy
44. deoxygenated
45. unsavoury
46. uptodate
47. all-embracing
48. foreboded
49. jawbreaker
50. antiseptics
51. containerization
52. run-down
53. indoctrination
54. aheap
55. odds-on
56. irradiation
57. discomposure
58. accentuated
59. state-of-the-art
60. superpowers
61. infiltration
62. beguilingly
63. redoubtable
64. unilateral
65. impassioned
66. egg-shaped
67. ventilation
68. landmark
69. flippancies
70. superficial
71. counterclockwise/anticlockwise
72. genomics
73. stowaway
74. bestowed
75. pinpointed
76. shipborne
77. shipboard
78. misalignment
79. stronghold
80. excommunicated
81. weak-kneed
82. abnegated
83. vainglorious
84. archetype
85. anachronistic
86. mish-mash
87. bemused
88. antiscientific
89. quasiscientific
90. byword
91. germinates
92. ever-evolving
93. misreckoned
94. delineated
95. insensate
96. counterblast
97. layabout
98. spectrograph
99. unfaltering
100. clerical
101. exclusionary
102. benighted
103. unendowed
104. malicious
105. maternal
106. untoward
107. insurgency
108. enraptured
109. unwonted
110. betokens
111. debased
112. depredation
113. disyllabic
114. waylaid
115. unconscionable
116. sentential
117. superannuated
118. denotations
119. undermentioned
120. perspicuous
121. micrometer
122. interminable
123. pro-business
124. prearranged
125. self-indulgent
126. expostulated
127. gainsay
128. aquaculture
129. abysmal
130. foreword
131. hard-hearted
132. offchance
133. throughput
134. lifelong
135. little-known
136. estranges
137. lovestruck
138. well-wrung
139. hard-bitten
140. heyday
141. echolocation
142. tell-tale
143. footnote/annotation
144. unsightly
145. intravenous
146. short-acting
147. malfunctions
148. dysfunction
149. decapitated
150. nondescript
151. able-bodied
152. decluttering
153. small-print
154. well-trodden
155. onwards
156. quasi-independent/semi autonomous
157. degenerative
158. discretionary
159. adrift
160. qualitatively
161. aftereffect
162. insuperable
163. demassified
164. striated
165. invigorating
166. sanitizer
167. self-inflicting
168. musculature
169. maladroit
170. decolonisation
171. underdetermined
172. breathalyser
173. built-in

Nhng t ting Anh i ngha khi i trng m

Chng ta c th phn loi nhng t thay i bn cht khi i cch nhn trng m ny thnh hai nhm:

Nhm 1: Nhm ch thay i t loi v vn gi nt ngha tng ng.

Nhm 2: Nhm thay i hon ton nt ngha, khng h lin quan n t ban u.

1. Nhm t th nht kh ph bin, thng i t loi ng t sang danh t khi bn thay i trng m.
Cc ng t hai m tit trong ting Anh thng c nhn m tit th hai trong khi danh t hai m tit
thng c nhn trng m mt. Di y l mt s t ph bin thuc nhm i trng m - i t loi
- gi nt ngha tng ng bn c th gp:
T Phin m T loi, ngha

conflict / k n.fl kt/ (n) s mu thun, tranh ci

/kn fl kt/ (v) mu thun, tranh ci

contest / k n.test/ (n) cuc thi

/kn test/ (v) tranh ci, u tranh

contrast /k n.tr st/ (n) s mu thun

/kn tr st/ (v) mu thun, lm r s tng phn

convert / k n.v t/ (n) ngi ci o

/kn v t/ (v) chuyn i, ci o

decrease / di .kri s/ (n) s gim xung

/d kri s/ (v) gim, suy gim

import / m.p t/ (n) hng nhp khu

/ m p t/ (v) nhp khu

increase / kri s/ (n) s tng ln

/ n kri s/ (v) tng ln

insult / n.s lt/ (n) s lng m, s nhc

/ n s lt/ (v) lng m, s nhc

perfect / p .fekt/ (adj) hon ho

/p fekt/ (v) hon thin, lm hon ho

permit / p .m t/ (n) giy php

/p m t/ (v) cho php

pervert / p .v t/ (n) k h hng, k i bi

/p v t/ (v) xuyn tc, lm h hng, sai lch

present / prez.nt/ (n) mn qu

/pr zent/ (v) gii thiu

produce / pr d.ju s (n) nng sn, vt phm

/pr dju s/ (v) sn xut, to ra

protest / pr .test/ (n) s phn khng, khng ngh

/pr test/ (v) phn khng

recall / ri .k l/ (n) s lm nh li, hi tng li

/r k l/ (v) hi tng, lm nh li

record / rek. d/ (n) bn lu, bn ghi chp

/r k d/ (v) lu tr, ghi chp li

reject / ri .d ekt/ (n) ph phm

/r d ekt/ (v) t chi

suspect / s s.pekt/ (n) k tnh nghi

/s spekt/ (v) nghi ng, hoi nghi iu g ng, xy ra

2. Nhm t th hai phc tp hn nhm trn bi khi thay i trng m, bn c mt t mi c nt ngha
hon ton khc.

V d: "default" khi nhn trng m mt l tnh t, c ngha "mc nh" nhng khi nhn trng m hai li c
ngha "v n". V vy, ngi dng cn cn thn khi ni nhng t ny.

T Phin m T loi, ngha

address / d.res/ (n) a ch

/ dres/ (v) mu thun, tranh ci

attribute / t.r .bju t/ (n) phm cht

/ tr bju t/ (v) do, quy cho, ng gp

conduct / k n.d kt/ (n) t cch, o c

/kn d kt/ (v) thc hin, ch huy

console / k n.v t/ (n) bng iu khin (in t)

/kn s l/ (v) an i, gii khuy

content / k n.tent/ (n) tng, ni dung

 /kn tent/ (adj) hi lng

converse / k n.v s/ (n) ci ngc li

/kn v s/ (v) giao tip

default / di .f lt/ (adj) mc nh

/d f lt/ (v) v n

desert / dez.t/ (n) sa mc

/d z t/ (v) o ng

entrance / en.trns/ (n) cng vo

/ n tr ns/ (v) m hoc, thu ht

exploit / ek.spl t/ (n) k tch

/ k spl t/ (v) bc lt, s dng th g khng cng bng

extract / ek.strkt/ (n) on trch trong tc phm

 / k strkt/ (v) bn rt, nh

invalid / n.v.l d/ (n) ngi tn tt

/ n vl. d/ (adj) khng c hiu lc

object / b.d kt/ (n) vt th

/b d ekt/ (v) phn i

project /'pr d .ekt/ (n) ti, d n

/pr d ekt/ (v) phng, chiu

refuse / ref.ju s/ (n) thi ra, rc ri

/r fju z/ (v) t chi

subject /'s b.d ekt/ (n) mn hc

/sb d kt/ (v) bt ai phi chu, tri qua, lm g

===================
 EXERCISE ON STRESS ON THREE-SYLLABLE WORDS

Choose the word that has main stress placed differently from the others:

1. a. generous b. suspicious c. constancy d. sympathy

2. a. acquaintance b. unselfish c. attraction d. humorous

3. a. loyalty b. success c. incapable d. sincere

4. a. carefully b. correctly c. seriously d. personally

5. a. excited b. interested c. confident d. memorable

6. a. organise b. decorate c. divorce d. promise

7. a. refreshment b. horrible c. exciting d. intention

8. a. knowledge b. maximum c. athletics d. marathon

9. a. difficult b. relevant c. volunteer d. interesting

10. a. confidence b. supportive c. solution d. obedient

11. a. whenever b. mischievous c. hospital d. separate

12. a. introduce b. delegate c. marvelous d. currency

13. a. develop b. conduction c. partnership d. majority

14. a. counterpart b. measurement c. romantic d attractive

15. a. government b. technical c. parallel d. understand

16. a. Pyramid b. Egyptian c. belongs d. century

17. a. construction b. suggestion c. accurate d. hi-jacket

18. a. dedicate b. impressive c. reminder d. descendant

19. a. remember b. company c. technical d. interview

20. a. electric b. computer c. fascinate d. fantastic

21. a. domestic b. investment c. substantial d. undergo

22. a. confident b. influence c. computer d. remember

23. a. optimist b. powerful c. terrorist d. contrary

24. a. government b. destruction c. contribute d. depression

25. a. institute b. consumption c. specific d. encounter

26. a. tableland b. apparent c. atmosphere d. applicant

27. a. vulnerable b. satelite c. eleven d. element

28. a. arrival b. technical c. proposal d. approval

29. a. empire b. employer c. conductor d. transitor

30. a. celebrate b. fascinating c. survive d. elephant

31. a. habitat b. generate c. canoe d. penalty

32. a. expression b. decisive c. dependent d. independence

33. a. decision b. reference c. refusal d. important

34. a. cooperate b. permanent c. recognise d. industry

35. a. attractive b. sociable c. dynamic d. conservative

36. a. entertain b. enjoyable c. anniversary d. introduce

37. a. approval b. attractive c. sacrifice d. romantic

38. a. conical b. ancestor c. ceremony d. traditional

39. a. romantic b. following c. sumary d. physical

40. a. maintenance b. appearace c. develop d. different

41. a. contactual b. significant c. Asia d. demanding

42. a. appearance b. measurement c. counterpart d. cultural

43. a. majority b. minority c. partnership d. enjoyable

44. a. marvelous b. argument c. apoplectic d. maximum

45. a. departure b. separate c. neccessary d. wrongdoing

46. a. attention b. approriate c. terrible d. non-verbal

47. according b. informality c. expensive d. acceptable

48. a. assistance b. consider c. politely d. compliment

49. a. mischievous b. family c. supportive d. suitable

50. a. memory b. typical c. reward d. marketing

51. a. stimulate b. generate c. secure d. estimate

52. a. politic b. historic c. electric d. specific

53. a. reference b. accident c. coincide d. formulate

54. a. deposit b. dramatist c. register d. community

55. a. earthquake b. transaction c. applicant d. patriot

56. a. degree b. virtually c. assembly d. synthetic

57. a. coincide b. community c. conception d. committee

58. a. envelop b. astronaut c. tuberculosis d. poverty

59. a. altitude b. recover c. comedy d. library

60. a. demonstrate b. beatify c successful d. comfortable

61. a. aacountant b. discover c. meessenger d. unlucky

62. a. marathon b. advertise c. industry d. conclusion

63. a. subsequent b. undergo c. government d. enterprise

64. a. chaotic b. proposal c. occupy d. production

65. a. piano b. policeman c. museum d. souvenir

66. a. guarantee b. recommend c. represent d. illustrate

67. a. agency b. memory c. encounter d. influence

68. a. well-being b. reality c. Internet d. demanding

69. a. encourage b. determine c. emphasize d. maintenance

70. a. understand b. grandparents c. family d. wonderful

71. a. essential b. furniture c. opposite d. fortunate

72. a. crocodile b. corridor c. enormous d. northerly

73. a. habitat b. pollution c. construction d. extinction

74. classify b. biologist c. benefit d. serious

75. a. endangered b. survival c. commercial d. industry

76. a. mosquito b. animal c. crocodile d. buffalo

77. a. unnoticed b. reunited c. incredible d. survival

78. a. imagine b. opinion c. incredible d. wilderness

79. a. recommend b. thoroughly c. travelling d. fascinate

80. a. character b. publisher c. wonderful d. understand

81. a. dependable b. reliable c. remarkable d. knowledgeable

82. a. detective b. romantic c. history d. adventure

83. a. biography b. historic c. discover d. authorship

84. a. imaginary b. scientific c. advantage d. reviewer

85. a. regulator b. personal c. referee d. dangerous

86. a. procedure b. indicate c. forefinger d. enemy

87. a. opponent b. penalize c. overtime d. synchronized

88. a. windsurfing b. equipment c. amatuer d. national

89. a. position b. fingertip c. athletic d. requirement

90. a. interesting b. surprising c. amusing d. successful

91. a. understand b. engineer c. benefit d. Vietnamese

92. a. applicant b. uniform c. yesterday d. employment

93. a. dangerous b. parachute c. popular d. magazine

94. a. comfortable b. employment c. important d. surprising

 95. a. elegant b. regional c. musical d. important

96. a. difference b. surbaban c. Internet d. character

97. a. beautiful b. effective c. favourite d. popular

98. a. attraction b. goverment c. borrowing d. visitor

99. difficult b. individual c. population d. unemployment

100. a. capital b. tradition c. different d. opera.

KEY:

1b, 2d, 3a, 4b, 5a, 6c, 7b, 8c, 9c, 10a,

11a, 12a, 13c, 14c, 15d, 16c, 17d, 18a, 19a, 20c,

21d, 22c, 23d, 24a, 25b, 26b, 27c, 28b, 29a, 30c,

31c, 32d, 33b, 34a, 35b, 36b, 37c, 38d, 39a, 40d,

41c, 42a, 43c, 44d, 45d, 46c, 47b, 48a, 49c, 50c,

51c, 52a, 53c, 54a, 55b, 56b, 57a, 58c, 59d, 60c,

61c, 62d, 63b, 64c, 65d, 66d, 67c, 68c, 69c, 70c,

71a, 72c, 73a, 74b, 75d, 76a, 77b, 78, 79a, 80d,

81, 82c, 83d, 84b, 85c, 86a, 87a, 88b, 89b, 90a,

91c, 92d, 93d, 94a, 95d, 96b, 97b, 98a, 99a, 100b.

Du hiu nhn bit t nhn trng m

1) Trng m ri vo m tit th nht: Hu ht danh t v tnh t c 2 m tit th trng
m ri vo m tit th nht. V d:

Danh t: PREsent, EXport, CHIna, TAble

Tnh t: PREsent, SLENder, CLEver, HAPpy

 i vi ng t nu m tit th 2 cha nguyn m ngn v kt thc khng
nhiu hn mt ph m th trng m s ri vo m tit th nht. V d: ENter, TRAvel,
Open...

Cc ng t c m tit cui cha ow th trng m cng ri vo m tit u. V

d: FOllow, BOrrow...

Cc ng t 3 m tit c m tit cui cha nguyn m di hoc nguyn m i

hoc kt thc nhiu hn mt ph m th m tit u nhn trng m. V d: PAradise,
EXercise

2) Trng m vo m tit th hai

Hu ht ng t c 2 m tit th trng m ri vo m tit th 2. V d: to

preSENT, to exPORT, to deCIDE, to beGIN

Nu m tit th 2 cha nguyn m di, nguyn m i hoc kt thc vi nhiu

hn mt ph m th m tit nhn trng m. V d: proVIDE, proTEST, aGREE...

i vi ng t 3 m tit quy tc s nh sau: Nu m tit cui cha nguyn m

ngn hoc kt thc khng nhiu hn mt nguyn m th m tit th 2 s nhn trng
m. V d: deTERmine, reMEMber, enCOUNter...

3) Trng m ri vo m th 2 tnh t di ln: Nhng t c tn cng bng ic, -sion,

tion th trng m ri vo m tit th 2 tnh t di ln. V d:

Nhng t c tn cng bng ic: GRAphic, geoGRAphic, geoLOgic...

Nhng t c tn cng bng -sion, tion: suggestion, reveLAtion...

Ngoi l: TElevision c trng m ri vo m tit th nht.

4) Trng m ri vo m tit th 3 t di ln

Cc t tn cng bng ce, -cy, -ty, -phy, gy th trng m u ri vo m tit

th 3 t di ln: V d: deMOcracy, dependaBIlity, phoTOgraphy, geOLogy

Cc t tn cng bng ical cng c trng m ri vo m tit th 3 tnh t di

ln. V d: CRItical, geoLOgical

5) T ghp (t c 2 phn)

i vi cc danh t ghp trng m ri vo phn u: BLACKbird,

GREENhouse...
 i vi cc tnh t ghp trng m ri vo phn th 2: bad-TEMpered, old-
FASHioned...

i vi cc ng t ghp trng m ri vo phn th 2: to OVERcome, to

overFLOW...

Quy tc nhn trng m ting anh

Trng m trong ting Anh c kh nhiu quy tc, chnh v vy mt s bn lo ngi l s
khng th nh ht c. Tuy nhin cc bn cng ng lo lng qu bi cc quy tc ny
cng khng qu kh nh, v thay v nh quy tc, chng ta s hc cch nh v d ca
cc quy tc ny. T nhng v d ny, chng ta d dng suy ra cng thc v p dng
cho cc t khc, k c cc t cha bao gi gp.
Tt nhin chng ta cng cn nh thm mt s t c bit (exceptional) v i thi nhng
t ny hay c hi lm. Nhng bit nhng t no l c bit, chng t phi bit
nhng t no tun theo quy tc trc cc bn nh. Sau y l cc quy lut c bn
v trng m.

Mt t ch c mt trng m chnh.

Chng ta ch nhn trng tm nguyn m, khng nhn trng m ph m.

Danh t v tnh t 2 m tit thng c trng m m tit th nht. V d:

PREsent, Table, CLEver

ng t 2 m tit thng c trng m m tit th hai. V d: to preSENT, to

deCIDE. Nu danh t v ng t c cng dng th ta nhn trng m m tit th
nht khi n l danh t, nhn trng m m tit th hai khi n l ng t.

T tn cng l ic, -ion, -tion, ta nhn trng m nguyn m ngay trc n. V

d: teleVIsion, geoGRAphic, chaOti

T c tn cng l : -cy, -ty, -phy, -gy, -al, ta nhn trng m m tit th 3 t

cui ln. V d: deMOcracy, phoTOgraphy, geOlogy, CRItical

Cc t ghp c quy tc trng m nh sau

Danh t ghp, trng m t th

nht :
Tnh t ghp, trng m t th hai:
ng t ghp trng m t th hai:
BLACKbird, GREENhouse
bad-TEMpered, old-
FASHioned
to underSTAND, to overFLOW

Lu :
 Cc ph t khng lm nh hng n trng m cu: -able, -age, -al, -en, -ful,
-ing, -ish, -less, -ment, -ous.

Cc ph t bn thn n nhn trng m cu: -ain(entertain),

-ee(refugee,trainee), -ese(Portugese, Japanese), -ique(unique), -ette(cigarette,
laundrette), -esque(picturesque), -eer(mountaineer), -ality (personality), -oo
(bamboo), -oon (balloon), -mental (fundamental)
Ngoi l: COffe, comMITtee, ENgine

Trong cc t c cc hu t di y, trng m c t m tit ngay trc

hu t: -ian (musician), - id (stupid), -ible (possible), -ish (foolish), -ive (native), -ous
(advantageous), -ial (proverbial, equatorial), -ic (climatic), -ity (ability, tranquility).

Tm tt cc quy tc ghi nh trng m trong ting anh (Rules of Word Stress in

English). C hai quy tc c bn sau

1. Mt t c mt trng m. ( Mt t khng th c hai trng m, nn nu bn nghe

thy hai trng m th chc chn l hai t).

2. Trng m ca t lun ri vo nguyn m ch khng phi ph m.

Ngoi ra cn c thm mt s quy tc sau ( Xin lu l quy tc khng ng cho tt c

cc trng hp v vn c ngoi l).
1) Trng m ri vo m tit th nht
Quy tc V d
Vi hu ht cc danh t c hai m tit PRESent, EXport, CHIna, TAble
Vi hu ht cc tnh t c hai m tit PRESent, SLENder, CLEVer, HAPpy
2) Trng m ri vo m cui
Quy tc V d
Vi hu ht cc ng t c to preSENT, to exPORT, to deCIDE,
hai m tit to beGIN
3) Trng m ri vo m p cht (L m th hai tr i)
Quy tc V d
Vi cc t kt thc l : -ic GRAPHic, scienTIfic
Vi cc t kt thc l : -sion v -tion teleVIsion, reveLAtion
4) Trng m ri vo m tin gip cui (L m th ba t cui ln)
Quy tc V d
Vi cc t kt thc l : -cy, -ty, deMOcracy, dependaBIlity,
-phyand -gy phoTOgraphy, geOLogy
Vi cc t kt thc l : - al CRItical, geoLOGical
5) Vi cc t ghp
Quy tc V d
Vi cc danh t ghp, trng m ri vo BLACKbird,
phn u tin ca t. GREENhouse
Vi cc danh t ghp, trng m ri vo bad-TEMpered, old-
phn th hai ca t. FASHioned
Vi cc ng t ghp, trng m ri vo to overFLOW, to
phn th hai ca t. underSTATE

Get about : lan truyn

Get ahead : tin b

Get at sth : tm ra, khm ph ra

Get at sb : ch trch, cng kch

Get away from : trn thot

Get away with : thot khi ( s trng pht)

Get back : tr v

Get sth back : ly li

Get behind : chm tr

Get down : lm nn lng

Get down to sth : bt tay vo vic g

Get in/into sth : c nhn vo

Get off : ri khi, xung (xe, mt bay)

Get on : ln ( tu xe..)

Get on with : ha thun

Get out : l ra ngoi ( tin tc )

Get out of : ln trnh

Get over: phc hi, vt qua

Get through : vt qua

Get through to sb : lm ai hiu c iu g

Get together : t hp

Get up to : gy ra

Fill in : in vo

Give up : t b

Take off : ci ra

Wash up : ra chn

Go on : tip tc

Look up : tra (t in)

Put on : mc, i vo

Turn on : m, bt (qut, n...)

Turn off : tt (qut, n...)

Turn up : n, c mt

Turn around : quay li

Lie down : nm xung

Look after : chm sc

Take after : ging

Go off : n

Try out : th
Hold up : hon li

Hurry up : nhanh ln

Catch sight of : bt gp

Lose sight of : mt ht

Make fun of : ch diu

Lose track of : mt du

Take account of : lu tm

Take note of :

Take care of : chm sc

Take advantage of : li dng

Take leave of : t bit

Give birth to : sanh con

Give place to : nhng ch

Give way to : nhng b, chu thua

Pay attention to : ch

Put an end to : kt thc

Put a stop to : chm dt

Set fire to : t chy

Make a contribution to : gp phn

Lose touch with : mt lin lc

Keep pace with : theo kp

Keep correspondence with : lin lc th t

Make room for : dn ch

Make allowance for : chiu c

Show affection for : c cm tnh

Feel pity for : thng xt

Feel regret for : n hn

Feel sympathy for : thng cm

Take/have pity on : thng xt

Make a decision on : quyt nh

Make complaint about : ku ca, phn nn

Make a fuss about : lm om xm

Play an influence over : c nh hng

Get victory over : chin thng

Take interest in : quan tm

Have faith in : tin tng

Feel shame at : xu h

Have a look at : nhn

get over = recover from = make a recovery from : binh phuc

go off: chung reo,sng n ,sa b chua

bear out st = confirm st : xc nhan

break down: h hng(xe),sp(nh), khng kim sot c cm xc v khc

brush up on st = review: n tp

call off =cancel: tr hon,ph hy

come down with(a flu): b,nhim(cm)

catch sight of =come across=come upon =meet by chance: tnh c gp

fill in for sb: thay th ai

look down on: khinh b >< look up to: knh trng

pay sb back for st : tr th ai ci g

see sb off: tin ai(lc i xa)

take off: ct cnh

cope with st=deal with st: x l,gii quyt vn

account for: l gii cho

break into: t nhp

call in(on): gh thm = drop in(on)

come off = succeed

come up to = meet: p ng c

get on(well) with: sng,lm vic...hp vi ai

make up : ba t

make up for = compensate for: n b

take after = resemble: ging nh

Out of date = out of fashion: ht hn , li mt

Out of reach : ngoi tm vi

Out of the hands : ngoi tm tay/ v k lut

Out of question : ko kh thi

Out of order : h, hng

Out of control : ngoi tm kim sot

Out of work = jobless = unemployed : tht nghip

Thnh ng " out of sight out of mind " : xa mt cch lng .

burst out ( laughing/crying ) : bt (ci/khc )

die out = extinct : tuyt chng

dress up : n mc p

eat out : n tim

eat up : n ht ( mai s n thiu mt )

fix up = arrange : thu xp

give out = distribute : phn pht

go over = examine : xem xt, kim tra

go in for = enter = compete = take part in : tham gia

hold on = wait : i
keep on : vn gi c,khng b mt ( vic lm ....)

leave out = oversight : b qun , b st

look out : coi chng! ( dng cnh bo )

put forward = suggest : gi

put aside/by = save money : dnh tin

put in for : i hi

put up with = bear : chu ng

put up : cho tr, cho tr

put up = erect : dng ( lu,tri....)

put out : tt ( la,n..)

put through to : ni in m

pick up = give sb a leaf : cho ai i nh xe

set off = depart = start journey : khi hnh

sweep along : li,qun theo ( chiu gi , dng nc....)

show round/around : a i tham quan

show off : ph trng, khoe khoang

stand for : i din,vit tt ca ( danh t ring : WHO,WTO....)

take over : m nhn

take back = return : tr li, hon li

take up = start doing st : bt u lam g

turn down = refuse = reject : t chi

iron out/solve a problem : x l,gii quyt vn

make out st : nhn thy r , phn bit c ci g

put st down to sb : quy ci g cho ai

see through sb : nhn thy r bn cht ca ai

send up sb = make fun of = laugh at sb : ch nho ai

take sb off : bt chc ai

take sb on : thu , tuyn dng ai

take to sb : thch ai

talk sb into doing st = persuade sb to do st : thuyt phc ai lam g

><persuade sb out of doing st : thuyt phc ai ng lam g

turn out ( to do st ) : ha ra,ha thnh

walk out on sb : b ri ai

pass away : cht,t trn

add up : ng,hp l

give out = run out of : cn kit

settle down : n nh cuc sng

draw up : dng li

to catch sb in the act : bt qu tang

to track sb down : truy lng ai

to browse through : c lt qua

to leaf through : lt d ( trang sch )

to set in : ko n ,p n

to resolve to do st = to determine doing st : quyt tm lm g

to weed st out : loi ci g ra

to defect from : chy trn khi, o ng

to single st out : la ci g ring ra

to step in = to interfere with : can thip

to look back on : hi tng li

to come round : tnh li

to take over : tip qun,m nhn

to be succumbed to st : chu thua ci g

to pick up on st : thy ci g
to focus on = to concentrate on : tp trung vo

to get rid of : t b

to matchmake st with st : ghp ci g cho hp vi ci g

to sulk at sb : hn di ai

to have a go at sb : la mng ai

to cheer sb up : lm ai vui hn

to cheer sb on : reo h,c v ai

to be cut out for doing st : c phm cht,nng lc lam g

to bear witness to st : lm nhn chng cho

to subject st to st : bt ci g phi chu ci g

to take for granted : xem la chuyn bnh thng

to appeal to sb : hp dn,thu ht ai

to be out to get sb : quyt tm hi ai,h uy tn ca ai

to confess to do st : th nhn lm g

to do sb good : c li cho ai

to make room for : nhng ch

to be in reluctant to do st : do d,ngn ngi lam g

to lose faith in : mt nim tin

to lift off : ri b phng

Body Idioms : Hair and Heel

Idioms lin quan n HAIR :

not a hair out of place : cc k chn chu

She was immaculate as ever, not a hair out of place.

curl someones hair and make someones hair curl : khin ai dng tc gy
Dont ever sneak up on me like that again. You really curled my hair.
The horror film made my hair curl.
hair and hide : tt c mi th, khng b st th g
Joe never threw anything away. He found a use for everything, hair and hide.

let your hair down : th gin v tn hng

Its nice to let your hair down once in a while and go a bit wild.

pull/tear your hair out : lo st v

Ive been tearing my hair out trying to get the job finished on time.

split hairs : tranh ci v nhng vn nh nht, khng ng

She earns three time what I earn. Actually, its more like two and a half. Oh stop
splitting hairs!
Idioms lin quan n HEEL :
Achilles heel : gt chn Asin
o He was very brave, but fear of spiders was his Achilles heel.

bring/call somebody to heel : bt ai nghe theo, nm ui ai

o He decided that threatening to sue the publishers was the easiest way of bringing them to
heel.

cool your heels : ch i

o Fans of the band were forced to cool their heels outside the theater for 90 minutes.

take to your heels : vt chn ln c m chy

o As soon as they saw the soldiers coming, they took to their heels.

kick up your heels : lm nhng chuyn a thch

o In spring people dash outdoors to kick up their heels and join in their favorite sports.

well-heeled : giu c
o You need to be well-heeled to be able to afford to shop there.

abide by : tun th theo (lut l, giao c hay tp tc).

Ex: you must abide by the rules of the game.

account for : gii thch.

Ex: he was asked to account for all his expenditure.

add up : thm vo.

ask for (c 2 ngha)

=> yu cu ==> Ex: we asked the waiter for some more coffee.
=> chuc ho ==> Ex: you're asking for it! don't say that again.

ask out : r.........i chi.

Ex: being asked out by Tom was quite a surprise to Judy.

back down : nhng b

back off : lnh i ( khi mi nguy him.......)

back out (c 2 ngha)

=> lui ra khi ==> Ex: he backed the car out of the garage into the main road.
=>quyt nh rt lui ==> Ex: we had to cancel the project when the bank backed out.

back up (c 7 ngha)
=> i li li ==> Ex: i put the car in reverse and backed it up.
=> lp li ==> Ex: sorry, i forgot part of the story. let me back up a little.
=> chng minh ==> Ex: no one believed Jim's accusations because he couldn't back them
up with any evidence.
=> ng h ==> ex: nobody would back her up when she complained about the service.
=> sao chp (lu tr) ==> ex: i back my work up everyday before i go home.
=> d phng ==> ex: we kept the old computer to back the new one up.
=> nghn, tc ==> ex: an accident backed up traffic for three miles.

beat down (c 2 ngha)

=> thuyt phc ai gim gi ==> ex: i beat down his price.
=> trt (ma, nng) ==> ex: the sun was beating down so we looked for some shade.

carry on (c 3 ngha)
=> c tip tc sng ==> ex: you'll have to carry on for the sake of the children.
=> tip tc ==> ex: she plans to carry on with her career after the baby is born.
=> cn nhn ==> ex: i forgot our anniversary, and she carried on all day.

cash in : lm ra tin.

chicken out (of) : ngi.

chase up : kim tra n c tin b.

clear off : gii tn.

clear away : dn dp sch.

clog up : lm nghn (ng ng nc,.....)

come about : xy ra, din ra.

come of : kt qu, t m ra.

PUT
put about: tr bum (con thuyn), lm quay li, xoay hng i

put across: thc hin thnh cng, lm cho c tn thng (v kch, cu chuyn,...)

put aside: dnh, dnh dm

put back: li (vo ch c); vn (kim ng h) li li

put forward: trnh by, xut, a ra, nu ra; vn (kim ng h) tin ln

put oneself forward: t cao mnh, t lm cho mnh ni bt

put by: sang bn, lng trnh (vn , cu hi,...)

put down: xung, n p, tc quyn, ging chc, h cnh (my bay, ngi trong my
bay), o (ging)

put in: n, a ra chng c; thi hnh, thc hin

put in for: i, yu sch, xin

put off: ci (qun o, m nn, giy dp) ra; hon li, chm li

put on: mc (qun o), i (m nn), i (giy dp) vo; lm ra v, lm ra b

put on flesh (weight): ln cn, bo ra

put on speed: tng tc

put sb on doing (to do) sth: giao cho ai lm vic g

put the blame on sb: ti ln u ai

put a tax on sth: nh thu vo ci g

put out: tt, thi tt, dp tt; sn xut ra; ui ra ngoi; l (li) ra; quy ry, lm phin

put over: hon thnh trong hon cnh khng thun li; hon thnh nh mu mo

put to: buc vo, mc vo

put together: vo vi nhau, kt hp vo vi nhau

put heads together: hi vi nhau, bn bc vi nhau

put up: ln, t ln; cho tr, tr li; bi (tc) ln; ging ( ) ln; xy dng, lp t;
em trnh din; cu kinh; c, tin c

put up to: cho hay, bo cho bit

put up with: kin nhn chu ng; tha th

put upon: hnh h, ngc i; la bp.

COME
come about: xy n, xy ra; i chiu

come after: theo sau, ni nghip, k tha

come across sb: tnh c gp ai

come apart (asunder): tch ra, ri ra, la ra, bung ra

come at: t ti, nm c, thy; xng vo, tn cng

come back: quay li, tr li; nh li

come along: i no, nhanh ln

come between: ng gia (mi gii, iu nh); can thip vo, xen vo

come by: i qua; c c, kim c, v c

come down: i xung; c truyn li; sa st

come down upon (on): mng nhic, x v; trng pht

come down with: xut tin, tr tin, chi tr

come forward: ng ra, xung phong, ra trnh din

come in: i vo, tr vo; dng ln; bt u (ma), thnh mt (thi trang)

come in for: c phn, c hng phn

come into: hnh thnh, ra i

come of: l kt qu ca, xut thn t

come off: bong ra, trc ra, bt ra, ng khi; thot vng kh khn

come off it!: thi i, ng c ni nh vy!

come on: i tip, i ti, tin ln, ti gn; ni ln (gi bo), pht ra (bnh); tin b, tip tc
pht trin, mau ln; c em ra tho lun, c trnh din trn sn khu; ra ta
(come on!: i no!; c vic!)

come out: i ra; l ra; nh cng; c xut bn

come over: vt qua, bng qua; chon, trm ln; theo phe

come round: i nhanh, i vng; hi phc, hi tnh; ngui i, du i; tr li, quay li, ti (c
nh k ); tt li chi

come to: n, i n; tnh ng; c hng; ln ti

come under: ri vo loi, nm trong loi; chu nh hng

come up: n gn; c nu ln; ln ti, t ti, theo kp, bt kp

come up to: lm tha mn mong i

come up against sb/sth: i mt vi; chng i vi

come upon: tn cng bt thnh lnh; cht thy

come through: cng b; thot, qua khi

TAKE
take after: ging

take along: mang theo, em theo

take aside: ko ra mt ch ni ring

take away: mang i, ly i, em i, ct i

take back: ly li, em v

take on: m nhim, nhn thm ngi vo lm, gnh vc

take off: b (m), ci (qun o); git ra, ly i, cun i; ct cnh

take into: a vo, vo, em vo

take out: a ra, dn ra ngoi, ly ra, rt ra; nh i, xa sch, ty sch, lm mt i

take over: tip qun, ni nghip; chuyn, ch, a, dn qua (ng, sng,...)

take to: chy trn, trn trnh; bt u ham thch, bt u say m

take up: nht ln, cm ln; chon, chim; bt u mt s thch, bt u mt thi quen

take up with: kt giao vi, giao thip vi, i li vi, chi bi vi, thn thit vi

GIVE

give away: cho, trao, pht

give back: hon li, tr li

give in: nhng b, chu thua, np, u hng; ghi vo, in vo

give off: ta ra, pht ra, bc ln

give out: cng b, chia, phn phi, ta ra, pht ra, lm bay ra, bc ln; ht, cn; chn nn

give over: trao tay; thi, chm dt

give up: b, t b, nhng

give way to someone: chu thua ai

KEEP
keep from, keep off: ri xa, trnh xa; nhn

(keep off!: trnh ra!, x ra!)

keep away: xa ra, bt xa ra; ct i

keep back: gi li, lm chm li; chn li, cn li, cm li

keep down: cm li, nn li, dn li

keep from: nhn, king, nn, nn; t kim ch c

keeep in: dn li, nn li, kim ch, km li

keep in with sb: vn thn thin vi ai

keep on: vn c tip tc

keep out: khng i vo, li bn ngoi, trnh

keep together: kt hp vi nhau, gn b vi nhau, khng ri nhau

keep under: nn, thng tr, bt quy phc; kim ch

keep up: gi vng, gi khng cho , gi khng cho h, gi khng cho xung; gi cho tt,
bo qun tt

keep up with: theo kp, ngang hng vi, khng thua km

BRING
bring about: lm xy ra, dn n, gy ra

bring along: mang theo

bring back: mang tr li; gi li

bring down: em xung, a xung; h xung, lm tt xung; h, bn ri; h b, lm

nhc ai

bring forward: a ra, ra, mang ra

bring in: a vo, em vo; em li

bring off: cu

bring sth off: thnh cng (vic g kh khn)

bring on: dn n, gy ra; lm cho phi bn ci

bring out: a ra, mang ra; em ra xut bn; lm ni bt, lm l r ra

bring over: lm cho ai thay i li suy ngh, thuyt phc; a ai n chi

bring round: lm cho tnh li, lm cho tr li

bring sb round (to sth): lm cho thay i kin theo

bring through: gip vt qua kh khn him ngho

bring to: dn n, a n (mt tnh trng no)

bring sth to light: a ra nh sng, khm ph

bring together: gom li, nhm li, hp li; kt thn (2 ngi vi nhau)

bring under: lm cho vo khun php, lm cho ngoan ngon vng li, lm cho phc tng

bring up: em ln, mang ln; nui nng, gio dc, dy d; ngng li, li, th neo; lu
v, cp n; lm cho (ai) phi ng ln pht biu a ra ta

LOOK

look about: i ch, n o, ngh k trc khi c k hoch lm g

look about one: nhn quanh

look after: nhn theo; trng nom, chm sc

look at: nhn, ngm, xem xt; ng u

look away: quay i, nhn ch khc

look as if: c v nh

look black: nhn mt cch hn hc; c v bi quan, en ti

look blue: c v bun; c v khng ha hn lm

look back: quay li nhn, ngoi c li nhn

look back upon: nhn li (ci g qua)

look down: nhn xung; h gi

look down on: ra v k c

look down upon: xem thng

look for: tm kim; i ch, mong

look forward to (+ V-ing): mong i mt cch hn hoan

look in: nhn vo; gh qua thm, tt vo

look into: nhn vo bn trong; xem xt k, nghin cu; nhn ra, hng v

look on: ng xem, ng nhn

look out!: hy cn thn!, hy coi chng!

look sth out (for sb/sth): tm thy ci g

look over: xem xt, kim tra; tha th, qun i, b qua; bao qut, cao nhn xung

look round: nhn quanh; suy ngh, cn nhc

look through: khng thm nhn, l i; xem lt qua

look sth through: xem k, xem ln lt, nhn thu

look to, look toward: lu , cn thn v; mong i, i ch ( ai); tin vo, trng cy vo

look up: nhn ln, ngc ln; tm kim, tra t in

look up to: tn knh, knh trng

look upon sb as: coi ai nh l

SEE
see about: tm kim, iu tra, xem li; chm nom, sn sc; lo liu, m ng

see after: chm nom, sn sc, ti

see into: iu tra, nghin cu, xem xt k lng; hiu r c, thy r c bn cht (ca
iu g )

see sb off: tin ai

see out: hon thnh, thc hin n cng; tin ai ra tn ca

see through: thy r bn cht, thc hin n cng; gip ai vt qua c ci g

BREAK
break away (from sb/sth): trn, thot khi; li khai, tch ra

break down: b hng (xe c); p v, p tan, x ; sp , v tan tnh

break forth: v ra, n ra; vt ra, bn ra, tun ra

break in: xng vo, ph m vo; ngt, chn, ct ngang; can thip vo; cho vo khun
php, dy d

break off: ri ra, b gy ri ra; t nhin ngng li

break off with someone: ct t quan h, tuyt giao vi ai

break out: bng n, bng pht

break out of sth: dng v lc trn thot khi

break up: chy tn lon, tan tc, tn ra; gii tn; chia la; ngh h; p nt

break into: t nhp vo nh

break into tears: khc a ln

MAKE
- make arrangements for : sp t, dn xp
e.g. The school can make arragements for pupils with special needs.
Nh trng c th sp t cho cho hc sinh nhng nhu cu c bit.

- make a change / changes : i mi

e.g. The new manager is planning to make some changes.
V tn gim c ang tr hoch mt s thay i.

- make a choice : chn la

e.g. Jill had to make a choice between her career and her family.
Jill phi chn la gia s nghip v gia nh.

- make a comment / comments (on) : bnh lun, ch gii

e.g. Would anyone like to make any comments on the talk?
C ai mun bnh lun g v bi din thuyt khng ?

- make a contribution to : gp phn vo

e.g. She made a useful contribution to the discussion.
C c ng gp hu dng vo cuc tho lun.

- make a decision : quyt nh

e.g. I'm glad it's you who has to make the decision, not me.
Tao mng v chnh my phi quyt nh, ch khng phi tao.

- make an effort : n lc
e.g. Joe is really making an effort with his maths this term.
Joe ang thc s n lc hc ton hc k ny.

- make friends : lm bn, kt bn.

e.g. Karen is very good at making friends.
Karen rt gii kt giao bn.

- make an improvement : ci thin

e.g. Repainting the room has really made an improvement.
Vic sn li cn phng thc s c ci thin.

- make a mistake : phm sai lm, nhm ln

e.g. They've made a mistake in our bill.
H nhm ln g trong ci ha n ca chng ta.

- make a phone call : in thoi

e.g. I've got to make some phone calls before dinner.
Ti phi gi mt s cuc in thoi khi n ti.

- make progress : tin b

e.g. Harriet is making progress with all her schoolwork.
Harriet ang c tin b vi vic hc trng.

- make noise : lm n
e.g. Stop making noise!
Dng lm n coi!

- make a journey/ a trip / journeys : i du hnh

e.g. I still use my car, but now I make fewer journeys.
Ti vn cn i xe hi, nhng gi ti t i du hnh hn trc.

- make a promise : ha
e.g. She made a promise to visit them once a month.
Nng ha i thm h mi thng mt ln.

- make an inquiry / inquiries : i hi, yu cu, hi bit

e.g. I don't know who sent the gift, but I'll make some inquiries.
Ti khng bit ai gi mn qu ny, nhng ti s hi bit.

- make a remark : bnh lun, nhn xt.

e.g. The Senator denied making the remark.
Ngi Thng ngh s t chi bnh lun.

- make a speech : c din vn

e.g. Each child had to make a short speech to the rest of the class.
Mi a tr u phi c din vn ngn trc c lp.

- make a fuss of / over someone : l v quan tm (bn nguyenhoaphuong b sung)

e.g. They made a great fuss of the new baby.
Bn h quan tm nhiu n a b mi .

- make a fuss / kick up a fuss (about something) : cn nhn tc gin, phn nn (v

ci g
e.g. Josie made a fuss / kicked up a fuss because the soup was too salty.
Josie phn nn v mn canh qu mn.

- make a plan / plans : tr hoch, ln k hoch (bn nguyenhoaphuong b sung)

e.g. We need to make plans for the future.
Chng ta cn ln k hoch cho tng lai.

- make a demand / demands (on) : i hi (bn nguyenhoaphuong b sung)

e.g. Flying makes enormous demands on pilots.
Chuyn bay i hi ngi phi cng rt nhiu.

- make an exception: to ngoi l, cho php mt ngoi l (bn nguyenhoaphuong b

sung)
e.g. Children are not usually allowed in, but I'm prepared to make an exception in this
case.
Tr em thng khng c php v y, nhng ti chun b to ngoi l trong trng hp
ny (tc l cho ti n v.
- make cng thng dng vi ngha: lm, to ra, ch to ra; nh khi ta ni "make a
bicycle" (ch to ra chic xe p), "make a cake" (nng, lm ra ci bnh), ...

DO
- do your best : lm ht sc mnh
e.g. All that matters in the exam is to do your best.
iu quan trng nht trong k thi l hy lm ht sc mnh.

- do damage (to) : gy hi n
e.g. The storm did some damage to our roof.
Cn bo gy thit hi phn no cho ci trn nh ca chng ti.
- do an experiment : lm th nghim
e.g. We are doing an experiment to test how the metal reacts with water.

Chng ti ang lm th nghim kim tra xem kim loi phi ng vi nc nh th no.
- do exercises : lm bi tp, tp th dc.
e.g. We'll do some exercises practicing these collocations tomorrow.
Chng con s lm bi tp thc hnh nhng s kt hp t nhin ny vo ngy mai.

- do someone a good turn / do someone a favor : lm vic tt, lm n hu

e.g. Scouts and guides are supposed to do someone a good turn every day.
Cc hng o sinh nn lm vic tt mi ngy.

- do harm : c hi, gy hi
e.g. Changing the rules may do more harm than good.
Thay i lut l c th c hi hn l c li.

- do your hair : thay i kiu tc, lm tc

e.g. No, I'm not ready. I haven't done my hair yet.
Khng, mnh cha sn sng. Mnh vn cha lm tc xong m.

- do your homework : lm bi tp v nh
e.g. My son has to do his homework straight after school.
Con trai ti phi lm phi tp v nh ca n ngay sau khi i hc v.
- do the ironing / shopping / washing, etc. : i , i mua sm, gic gi ...
e.g. I'll do the washing if you do the ironing.
Em s gic gi nu anh i .

- do research : nghin cu.

e.g. I'm still doing research for my thesis.
Ti vn cn ang nghin cu lm lun vn.

- do a / the crossword : gii ch (bn nguyenhoaphuong b sung)

e.g. I like doing the crossword.
Ti thch chi gii ch.

HAVE
- have an accident : gp tai nn.
e.g. Mr. Grey had an accident last night but he's OK now.
ng Grey b tai nn ti qua nhng gi ng n c ri.

- have an argument / a row : ci c

e.g. We had an argument / a row about how to fix the car.
Ti tao ci c v cch sa ci xe hi.

- have a break : ngh gii lao (cng: take a break)

e.g. Let's have a break when you finish this exercise.
Chng ta hy ngh gii lao sau khi anh gii xong bi tp ny.

- have a conversation / chat : ni chuyn

e.g. I hope we'll have time to have a chat after the meeting.
Ti mong l chng ta s c th gi ni chuyn sau cuc hp.

- have difficulty (in) (doing something) : gp kh khn

e.g. The class had difficulty understanding what to do.
Lp hc gp tr ngi trong vic hiu c nhng iu phi lm.

- have a dream / nightmare : m / gp c mng

e.g. I had a nightmare last night.
Tao gp c mng m ri.

- have an experience : tri nghim

e.g. I had a frightening experience the other day.
Ngy hm kia tao c mt tri nghim ng s.

- have a feeling : cm gic rng

e.g. I have a feeling that something is wrong.
Em cm gic c iu g khng n.

- have fun / a good time : vui v

e.g. I'm sure you'll have fun on the school trip.
Ti chc em s vui v trong k ngh ca trng.

- have a look : ngm nhn

e.g. The teacher wanted to have a look at what we were doing.
ng thy mun ngm nhn xem chng ti ang lm g.

- have a party : t chc tic tng

e.g. Let's have a party at the end of term.
Chng ta hy t chc tic tng vo cui hc k.

- have a problem / problems (with) : gp vn , gp kh khn

e.g. Ask the teacher if you have problems with the exercise.
Hy hi c gio nu nh em gp kh khn vi bi tp.

- have a try / go : th
e.g. I'll explain what to do and then you can have a go / try.
Tao s gii thch nhng g cn lm v sau , my c th lm th.

TAKE
- take a holiday : i ngh
e.g. We're so glad we decided to take a holiday here.
Chng ti rt vui v quyt nh i ngh y.

- take a trip : i du hnh

e.g. Yesterday we took a trip to the mountains.
Hm qua chng ti i du hnh n nhng ngn ni.

- take a train / bus : n xe la / xe but

e.g. First we took a train to a little town and then we took a bus going to various villages.
u tin chng ti n xe la ti th trn nh, v ri n xe but i thm nhiu ngi lng.

- take a liking to : thy hng th, thy thch th

e.g. We got off when we saw one that we took a liking to.
Chng ti xung xe khi thy nhng th gy thch th.

- take an interest in : thy hng th, thch th vi

e.g. Some kids took an interest in us.
Vi em nh thch th vi s xut hin ca chng ti.

- take a photo / photos : chp hnh

e.g. We took a lot of photos.
Chng ti chp nhiu hnh.

- take a chance : mo him

e.g. I'd take a chance and leave if I were you.
Tao s mo him v ri khi nu tao l my.

- take a dislike to : khng thch / ght

e.g. The boss has taken a dislike to you.
ng ch khng thch anh t lu.

- take advantage of : li dng, tn dng

e.g. Take advantage of being in London - there are always plenty of jobs there.
Hy tn dng c hi khi anh Lun n, ni y lun c rt nhiu vic lm.
- take action : hnh ng
e.g. You'll soon find something else, so take action, that's my advice!
Chng bao lu anh s tm thy iu g khc, lc hy hnh ng - li khuyn ca ti !

PAY
- pay attention to : ch n
e.g. You must pay attention to the teacher.
Em phi ch n gio vin.

- pay (someone) a compliment : khen tng (ai)

e.g. I was trying to pay her a compliment but she misunderstood.
Ti c khen tng c nhng c li hiu lm ti.

- pay your (last) respects : cu chc knh cn

e.g. At a funeral people pay their last respects to the person who has died.
Ti tang l, ngi ta cu chc ln cui cho ngi khut.

- pay tribute : bi t lng knh ngng

e.g. When Jack retired, his boss made a speech paying tribute to all he had done for the
company.
Khi ng Jack hi hu, ng ch ca ng c din vn bi t lng bit n v tt c nhng g
Jack cng hin cho cng ty.

WEATHER
1. Talking about the weather (Ni v thi tit)
- unbroken sunshine : tri quang ng (ch c nng m khng c my)
- (be) scorching hot : cc k nng, nng (nng) chy da tht
- soak up the sunshine : tm nng
- torrential rain : ma ln, nng ht

2. Weather conditions (iu kin thi tit)

- weather + deteriorate (verb) : thi tit tr nn t hi (ng t deteriorate rt trang
trng, t ng ngha km trang trng hn ca n l : get worse)
e.g. The weather is likely to deteriorate later on today.
Thi tit c kh nng tr nn t hi vo cui ngy hm nay.
T phn ngha ca deteriorate trong ng cnh ny l : improve (d chu hn)

- thick / dense fog : mn sng m dy c

e.g. There is thick fog on the motorway.
C sng m dy c trn xa l.

- patches of fog / mist : khu vc nh c sng m

- fog / mist + come down : sng m che ph (phn ngha: fog / mist + lift (sng m
tan i))
e.g. There are patches of fog on the east coast but these should lift by midday.
C nhiu khu vc sng m trn din hp b ng nhng chng s tan ht lc gia tra.

- a blanket of fog : vng c sng m kh dy c (nhm t ny dng trong vn

chng)

- strong sun (phn ngha: weak sun) : nng gay gt

e.g. Avoid going on the beach at midday when the sun is strongest.
Trnh i ra bi bin lc gia tra, khi nng gay gt nht.

- heavy rain (NOT strong rain) : ma to, nng ht

- driving rain : ma mau tnh v nng ht

e.g. Road conditions are difficult because of the driving rain.

Tnh trng ng x gp kh khn do cn ma nng ht.

- heavy / fresh / clisp / thick / driving snow : tuyt dy, c cng

e.g. The snow is lovely and crisp this morning.
Tuyt thit d thng v dy cng sng nay.

- hard frost (phn ngha: light frost) : sng gi m

e.g. There will be a hard frost tonight.
Ti nay s c sng gi m.

- high / strong / light / biting winds : gi ln / nh / lnh lo.

the wind + pick up : gi mnh hn (phn ngha : die down (sc gi h))
e.g. The wind was light this morning but it's picking up now and will be very strong by
the evening.
Sng nay gi nh nhng ang tng cng v s rt mnh trc chiu ti nay.

- the wind + blow / whistle : gi thi / vi vu.

e.g. The wind was whistling through the trees.
Nng gi ang vi vu xuyn qua cy ci.

RELATIONSHIPS (NHNG MI QUAN H TRONG I SNG)

A. Friendship (Tnh bng hu)

- make friends (with someone) : nh bn (vi)

e.g. When you go to university you will make a lot of new friends.
Khi em ln i hc, em s quen nhiu bn mi.

- strike up a friendship : bt u lm bn (start a friendship)

e.g. Jack struck up a friendship with a girl he met on holiday.
Thng Jack bt u nh bn vi mt c gi n gp trong k ngh.

- form / develop a friendship : dng xy tnh bn / pht trin tnh bn

e.g. Juliet formed a lasting friendship with the boy she sat next to at primary school.
Juliet dng xy tnh bn di lu vi thng con trai m n ngi st bn hi tiu hc.

- cement / spoil a friendship : bi dng tnh bn / lm rn v tnh bn.

e.g. Spending several weeks on holiday together has cemented their friendship.
chung nhau nhiu tun trong k ngh bi p thm tnh bn ca h.

- a friendship + grow : tnh bn bn vng hn

e.g. We were at school together, but our friendship grew after we'd left school.
Ti ti hc chung trng, nhng sau khi ra trng tnh bn bn vng hn.

- close / special friends : bn thn thit / bn c bit

e.g. I glad that our children are such close friends, aren't you?
Mnh vui v con em chng ta l bn thn thit ca nhau, cn bn th sao

- mutual friends : bn b chung (trong mt nhm)

- a casual acquaintance : bn x giao (bit mt)

e.g. I don't know Rod well. We're just casual acquaintances.
Ti khng rnh Rod lm. Chng ti ch l bn x giao.

- have a good relationship with someone : c mi giao ho tt vi ai

e.g. Anna and Marie have a very good relationship. They love doing things together.
Anna v Marie c mi giao ho rt tt. H thch lm cc th cng nhau.

- keep in contact / touch : gi lin lc (phn ngha: lose contact / touch)

e.g. We must keep in contact when the course ends.
Ti mnh phi gi lin lc sau khi kha hc kt thc nhe.

B. More than just good friends. (Cn hn c bn b tt)

I fell madly in love with Anton from the moment I met him. It was certainly love at first
sight. I knew at once that he was the love of my life but at first I was not sure if my love
was returned or not. Within a few days, however, he had told me that he
was desperately in love with me too. A couple of weeks later, we realized that we wanted
to make a commitment to each other and, when Anton asked me to marry him, I
immediately accepted his proposal. I'm sure we will always love each other
unconditionally. Neither of us would ever consider having an affair with someone else.

- fall madly in love with : yu in cung, say m, khng thay i

- love at first sight : i tnh st nh (tc l mi tnh mi gp yu)

- the love of one's life : ngi tnh ca i mt ai

- love is / were returned : tnh cm c p li (tc l ngi mnh yu thch cng yu

thch mnh)

- desperately in love : rt yu ...

- make a commitment : ha hn

- accept one's proposal : chp nhn li ngh ca ai ( y l chp nhn li cu hn)

- love each other unconditionally : yu nhau v iu kin

- have an affair (with someone) : ngoi tnh

HEALTH AND ILLNESS (SC KHE V BNH TT)
Verb collocations referring to illnesses and injuries.
(S kt hp t nhin ca ng t vi nhng cn bnh v chn thng)

- catch [ a cold, the flu, a chill, pneumonia ] : b [ cm, cm, cm lnh, vim phi ]
e.g. I got soaking wet and caught a cold.
Ti t sng v ri b cm.

- contract [ a disease, malaria, typhoid ] : nhim [ mt bnh, bnh st rt, bnh thng
hn ] (formal)
e.g. Uncle Jess contracted malaria while he was working in Africa.
ng cu Jess nhim st rt khi ang lm vic Phi chu.

- develop [ (lung / breast) cancer, diabetes, AIDS, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease ] : pht
(bnh) [ ung th (phi / v, bnh i ng, bnh Si a, bnh thoi ha no b ] (formal)
e.g. My grandfather developed Alzheimer's disease and could no longer remember
things or recognize people.
ng ca ti pht bnh thoi ha no b v khng cn nh g hay nhn ra ai na.

- suffer from [ asthma, hay fever, backache ] : b [ hen suyn, st ma h, au lng ]

e.g. She has suffered from asthma all her life.
C b hen suyn sut i.

- have an attack of [ bronchitis, asthma, hay fever, diarrhoea ] : ln cn [ vim cung

phi, st ma h, hen suyn, tiu chy ]
e.g. She had an attack of hay fever and was sneezing non-stop.
C ln c st ma h v ht hi khng ngng

- be diagnosed with [ (lung / breast) cancer, AIDS, leukaemia, autism ] : c chn

on l bnh [ ung th (phi / v, Si a, bnh bch cu, bnh t k ]
e.g. He was diagnosed with lung cancer and died a year later.
Hn c chn on l b ung th phi, ri mt nm sau hn cht.

- suffer / sustain [ (major / minor / serious / head) injuries ] : chu ng [ chn thng
(nng / nh / nghim trng / u ]
e.g. The driver sustained serious head injuries in the crash.
Ngi ti x chu chn thng u nghim trng trong v ng xe.

DO, GET, V NHNG T TNG NG

- do an exam = sit / take an exam : d kim tra, d mt k thi
e.g. I have to do / sit / take an exam in biology at the end of term.
Ti phi d thi mn Sinh hc cui hc k.

- do research / do a research project = carry out / conduct a research project : tin

hnh nghin cu
e.g. Our class carried out / conducted a research project into the history of our school.
Lp hc ca chng ti tin hnh nghin cu v lch s ngi trng.

- do a course = enrol on / take a course : ng k hc mt kha ...

e.g. I decided to do a course in computer programming.
Ti quyt nh ng k hc mt kha lp trnh my in ton.

- do a degree / diploma = study for / take a degree : hc ly bng ...

e.g. She studied for / took a degree in engineering.
C hc ly bng k s.

- do a subject = study / take a subject : hc, nghin cu mt mn hc

e.g. I studied / took history and economics in high school.
Ti hc Lch s v Kinh t hc trng cp 3.

- do an essay / assignment = write an essay / assignment : lm bi lun / lm bi tp

e.g. All students have to write an essay / assignment at the end of term.
Mi sinh vin u phi vit mt bi lun / lm bi tp vo cui hc k.

- do a lecture / talk = give a lecture / talk : din thuyt

e.g. Professor Parkinson gave a lecture on the American War.
Gio s Parkinson din thuyt v cuc ni chin Hoa K.

- get a degree / diploma = obtain / be awarded a diploma : nhn bng ...

e.g. He obtained / was awarded a diploma in Town Planning in 1998.
ng nhn bng sau i hc v Hoch ch th x nm 1998.

- get a grade = receive / be given a grade : nhn im / hng

e.g. Her essay received / was given an A-grade.
Bi lun ca c c cho im A.

- get a qualification = obtain / acquire a qualification : nhn chng nhn ...

e.g. You will need to obtain / acquaire a qualificartion in social work.
Anh s cn mt chng nhn v cng tc x hi.

- get an education = receive an education : c gio dc

e.g. The country is poor; only 27% of children receive a basic education.
Nc cn ngho nn ch 27% em nh c gio dc c s.

NEWS (TIN TC, THI S)

- a news / story + break : tin tc / chuyn b l
e.g. The singer was out of the country when the story about his wife broke.
Chng ca s ri nc khi cu chuyn v v chng b l.

- news + come in : tin tc c lin quan n ...

e.g. TV newscaster: News has just come in of an earthquake.
Pht thanh vin truyn hnh ni: Va c tin tc lin quan n mt v ng t.

- news + leak out : thng tin b r r

e.g. Although the two stars tried to keep their relationship secret, news of it soon leaked
out.
Du rng hai ngi sao c gi knh quan h ca h, nhng tin tc v h sm b r
r.

- hit the headlines : lm nng mt bo

e.g. The scandal is expected to hit the headlines tomorrow.
Ngi ta tin rng v tai ting s lm nng mt bo ngy mai.

- make headlines : c ng ti rng ri

e.g. A dramatic story like that will make headlines world-wide
Mt cu chuyn kch tnh nh th s ln trang nht khp th gii.

- front-page headline : ln trang nht

e.g. The scandal was the front-page headline in all the newspapers.
V tai ting ln trang nht khp cc mt bo.

- the lastest news : tin mi nht

e.g. The lastest news from the earthquake zone is more hopeful.
Tin mi nht v vng ng t tr nn lc quan hn.

- be headline / front-page news : ln trang nht (c ng ti rng ri)

e.g. Any story about the Royal Family will be the headline / front-page news in Britain.
Bt k cu chuyn no v Hong tc u c ng ti rng ri Anh quc.

- item of news : mc tin

e.g. The main item of news today is the earthquake in Broskva City.
Mc tin chnh ngy hm nay l v ng t thnh ph Broskva.

- run a story (= publish a story) : tng thut tin tc

e.g. The Daily Times recently ran a story about an affair between a famous rock star and a
politician.
T Nht bo va mi tng thut chuyn ngoi tnh gia mt siu sao nhc Rc v mt
chnh tr gia.

- flick through the newspaper : s lc trang bo

e.g. He flicked through the newspaper as he didn't have time to read it properly.
Hn s lt mt bo v hn khng c th gi coi ht.

IDIOMS AND PHRASAL VERBS

1. lose face : mt mt, mt th din
- I don't want to lose face because of you.
Ti khng mun mt mt v anh.

2. turn a blind eye (to st): gi v khng bit..., nhm mt lm ng ..

- Many governments just turn a blind eye to prostitution.
Nhiu chnh ph ch n gin l nhm mt lm ng vi nn mi dm..

- Teachers often turn a blind eye to minor breaches of discipline

Cc thy gio thng lm ng nhng vi phm k lut nh nht.

3. Out of the blue: bt thnh lnh

- She arrived out of the blue.
C ta n tht bt ng.
4. In the distance: t xa
- I saw him in the distance.
Ti trng thy n t xa.

4. Without fail : chc chn, nht nh

- I'll be there at two o' clock without fail.
Nht nh ti s c mt lc hai gi.

5. if all else fails: nu mi cch khng c. (to suggest what could be done in a certain
situation if all the other things you have tried are unsuccessful)
- if all else fails, Ill have to sell the car
Nu mi cch khng c, ti s bn xe

6. That/ It depends: cn ty
- Do you want to go out?
That / it depends

7. to steer/ stay clear of st/ sb: trnh, lnh xa

- His doctor advised him to steer clear of alcohol.
Bc s khuyn anh y nn trnh xa ru ch.

8. why/ how/ where etc on earth: (informal=inf) dng nhn mnh cu hi khi gin
hay ngc nhin, hoc ban khng th ngh ra cu tr li r rng?
- What on earth were you thinking?
Bn ang ngh ci qui g vy?
- How on earth did he pass the exam? He did no work at all.

9. be in/ get into a state: (inf) lo lng

She was in terrible state, so I decided to stay and look after her
C y ang rt lo lng, v vy ti li v chm sc c
Terrible = extr

10. make sense: ngha, hiu

- These sentences don't make sense.
Nhng cu ny chng c ngha g c.
- Can you make sense of this poem?
Anh c hiu c bi th ny khng
Khn ngoan
- It makes a lot of sense to buy now while houses are cheap.
Tht l khn ngoan khi mua nh ngay ngay lc n r

11. How come (inf): why

-How come you 're called "Gorilla"?
Ti sao bn li c bit danh l "Kh t"?

12. like mad: very fast, hard

- I had to run like mad to catch the bus.
Ti phi chy rt nhanh bt kp xe but.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

ask sby out invite on a date Brian asked Judy out to dinner and
a movie.

ask around ask many people I asked around but nobody has
the same seen my wallet.
question

add up to sthg equal Your purchases add up to $205.32.

back sthg up reverse You'll have to back up your car so

that I can get out.

back sby up support My wife backed me up over my

decision to quit my job.

blow up explode The racing car blew up after it

crashed into the fence.

blow sthg up add air We have to blow 50

balloons up for the party.

break down stop functioning Our car broke down at the side of
(vehicle, the highway in the snowstorm.
machine)
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

break down get upset The woman broke down when the
police told her that her son had
died.

break sthgdown divide into Our teacher broke the final

smaller parts project down into three separate
parts.

break in force entry to a Somebody broke in last night and

building stole our stereo.

break into sthg enter forcibly The firemen had to break into the
room to rescue the children.

break sthg in wear sthg a few I need to break these

times so that it shoes in before we run next week.
doesn't look/feel
new

break in interrupt The TV station broke in to report

the news of the president's death.

break up end a My boyfriend and I broke

relationship up before I moved to America.

break up start laughing The kids just broke up as soon as

phrasal verb meaning example sentence

(informal) the clown started talking.

break out escape The prisoners broke out of jail

when the guards weren't looking.

break out insthg develop a skin I broke out in a rash after our
condition camping trip.

bring sbydown make unhappy This sad music

is bringing me down.

bring sby up raise a child My

grandparents brought me up after
my parents died.

bring sthg up start talking My mother walks out of the room

about a subject when my father brings up sports.

bring sthg up vomit He drank so much that

he brought his dinner up in the
toilet.

call around phone many We called around but we weren't

different able to find the car part we needed.
places/people
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

call sby back return a phone I called the company back but the
call offices were closed for the
weekend.

call sthg off cancel Jason called the

wedding off because he wasn't in
love with his fianc.

call on sby ask for an The professor called on me for

answer or question 1.
opinion

call on sby visit sby We called on you last night but

you weren't home.

call sby up phone Give me your phone number and I

will call you up when we are in
town.

calm down relax after being You are still mad. You need to calm
angry down before you drive the car.

not care forsby/ not like (formal) I don't care for his behaviour.
sthg

catch up get to the same You'll have to run faster than that if
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

point as sby else you want to catch up with Marty.

check in arrive and We will get the hotel keys when

register at a we check in.
hotel or airport

check out leave a hotel You have to check out of the hotel
before 11:00 AM.

check sby/ look at carefully, The company checks out all new
sthgout investigate employees.

check out sby/ look at Check out the crazy hair on that
sthg (informal) guy!

cheer up become happier She cheered up when she heard

the good news.

cheer sby up make happier I brought you some flowers

to cheer you up.

chip in help If everyone chips in we can get the

kitchen painted by noon.

clean sthg up tidy, clean Please clean up your bedroom

phrasal verb meaning example sentence

before you go outside.

come acrosssthg find I came across these old photos

unexpectedly when I was tidying the closet.

come apart separate The top and bottom come apart if

you pull hard enough.

come down become sick My nephew came down

with sthg with chicken pox this weekend.

come forward volunteer for a The woman came forward with

task or to give her husband's finger prints.
evidence

come from some originate in The art of origami comes

place from Asia.

count on sby/ rely on I am counting on you to make

sthg dinner while I am out.

cross sthg out draw a line Please cross out your old address
through and write your new one.

cut back onsthg consume less My doctor wants me to cut back

phrasal verb meaning example sentence

on sweets and fatty foods.

cut sthg down make sthg fall to We had to cut the old tree in our
the ground yard down after the storm.

cut in interrupt Your father cut in while I was

dancing with your uncle.

cut in pull in too closely The bus driver got angry when that
in front of car cut in.
another vehicle

cut in start operating The air conditioner cuts in when

(of an engine or the temperature gets to 22C.
electrical device)

cut sthg off remove with The doctors cut off his leg because
sthg sharp it was severely injured.

cut sthg off stop providing The phone company cut off our
phone because we didn't pay the
bill.

cut sby off take out of a will My grandparents cut my

father off when he remarried.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

cut sthg out remove part of I cut this ad out of the newspaper.
sthg (usually
with scissors and
paper)

do sby/ sthgover beat up, ransack He's lucky to be alive. His shop
(BrE, informal) was done over by a street gang.

do sthg over do again (AmE) My teacher wants me to do my

essay over because she doesn't
like my topic.

do away discard It's time to do away with all of

withsthg these old tax records.

do sthg up fasten, close Do your coat up before you go

outside. It's snowing!

dress up wear nice It's a fancy restaurant so we have

clothing to dress up.

drop back move back in a Andrea dropped back to third

position/group place when she fell off her bike.

drop in/ by/ come without an I might drop in/by/over for tea
over appointment sometime this week.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

drop sby/ sthgoff take sby/ sthg I have to drop my sister off at
somewhere and work before I come over.
leave them/it
there

drop out quit a class, I dropped out of Science because

school etc it was too difficult.

eat out eat at a I don't feel like cooking tonight.

restaurant Let's eat out.

end up eventually We ended up renting a movie

reach/do/decide instead of going to the theatre.

fall apart break into pieces My new dress fell apart in the
washing machine.

fall down fall to the ground The picture that you hung up last
night fell down this morning.

fall out separate from an The money must have fallen out of
interior my pocket.

fall out (of hair, teeth) His hair started to fall out when he
become loose was only 35.
and unattached
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

figure sthg out understand, find I need to figure out how to fit the
the answer piano and the bookshelf in this
room.

fill sthg in to write Please fill in the form with your

information in name, address, and phone number.
blanks, as on a
form (BrE)

fill sthg out to write The form must be filled out in

information in capital letters.
blanks, as on a
form (AmE)

fill sthg up fill to the top I always fill the water jug up when
it is empty.

find out discover We don't know where he lives. How

can we find out?

find sthg out discover We tried to keep the time of the

party a secret, but
Samantha found it out.

get sthgacross/ communicate, I tried to get my

over make point across/over to the judge but
understandable she wouldn't listen.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

get along/on like each other I was surprised how well my new
girlfriend and my sister got
along/on.

get around have mobility My grandfather can get

around fine in his new wheelchair.

get away go on a vacation We worked so hard this year that

we had to get away for a week.

get away do without being Jason always gets away

withsthg noticed or with cheating in his maths tests.
punished

get back return We got back from our vacation last

week.

get sthg back receive sthg you Liz finally got her Science
had before notes back from my room-mate.

get back at sby retaliate, take My sister got back at me for

revenge stealing her shoes. She stole my
favourite hat.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

get back intosthg become I finally got back into my novel

interested in and finished it.
sthg again

get on sthg step onto a We're going to freeze out here if

vehicle you don't let us get on the bus.

get over sthg recover from an I just got over the flu and now my
illness, loss, sister has it.
difficulty

get over sthg overcome a The company will have to close if it

problem can't get over the new regulations.

get round tosthg finally find time I don't know when I am going
to do (AmE: get to get round to writing the thank
around to sthg) you cards.

get together meet (usually for Let's get together for a BBQ this
social reasons) weekend.

get up get out of bed I got up early today to study for

my exam.

get up stand You should get up and give the

elderly man your seat.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

give sby away reveal hidden His wife gave him away to the
information police.
about sby

give sby away take the bride to My father gave me away at my

the altar wedding.

give sthg away ruin a secret My little sister gave the surprise
party away by accident.

give sthg away give sthg to sby The library was giving away old
for free books on Friday.

give sthg back return a I have to give these skates back to

borrowed item Franz before his hockey game.

give in reluctantly stop My boyfriend didn't want to go to

fighting or the ballet, but he finally gave in.
arguing

give sthg out give to many They were giving out free perfume
people (usually samples at the department store.
at no cost)

give sthg up quit a habit I am giving up smoking as of

January 1st.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

give up stop trying My maths homework was too

difficult so I gave up.

go after sby follow sby My brother tried to go after the

thief in his car.

go after sthg try to achieve I went after my dream and now I

sthg am a published writer.

go against sby compete, oppose We are going against the best

soccer team in the city tonight.

go ahead start, proceed Please go ahead and eat before

the food gets cold.

go back return to a place I have to go back home and get

my lunch.

go out leave home to go We're going out for dinner tonight.

on a social event

go out withsby date Jesse has been going out

with Luke since they met last
winter.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

go over sthg review Please go over your answers

before you submit your test.

go over visit sby nearby I haven't seen Tina for a long time.
I think I'll go over for an hour or
two.

go withoutsthg suffer lack or When I was young, we went

deprivation without winter boots.

grow apart stop being My best friend and I grew

friends over time apart after she changed schools.

grow back regrow My roses grew back this summer.

grow into sthg grow big enough This bike is too big for him now, but
to fit he should grow into it by next
year.

grow out ofsthg get too big for Elizabeth needs a new pair of shoes
because she has grown out of her
old ones.

grow up become an adult When Jack grows up he wants to

be a fireman.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

hand sthgdown give sthg used to I handed my old comic

sby else books down to my little cousin.

hand sthg in submit I have to hand in my essay by

Friday.

hand sthg out to distribute to a We will hand out the invitations at

group of people the door.

hand sthg over give (usually The police asked the man to hand
unwillingly) over his wallet and his weapons.

hang in stay positive Hang in there. I'm sure you'll find

(informal) a job very soon.

hang on wait a short time Hang on while I grab my coat and

(informal) shoes!

hang out spend time Instead of going to the party we are

relaxing just going to hang out at my place.
(informal)

hang up end a phone call He didn't say goodbye before

he hung up.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

hold sby/ prevent from I had to hold my

sthgback doing/going dog back because there was a cat
in the park.

hold sthg back hide an emotion Jamie held back his tears at his
grandfather's funeral.

hold on wait a short time Please hold on while I transfer you

to the Sales Department.

hold onto sby/ hold firmly using Hold onto your hat because it's
sthg your hands or very windy outside.
arms

hold sby/ sthgup rob A man in a black mask held the

bank up this morning.

keep on continue doing Keep on stirring until the liquid

doingsthg comes to a boil.

keep sthg fromsb not tell We kept our relationship from our
y parents for two years.

keep sby/ sthgout stop from Try to keep the wet dog out of the
entering living room.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

keep sthg up continue at the If you keep those results up you

same rate will get into a great college.

let sby down fail to support or I need you to be on time.

help, disappoint Don't let me down this time.

let sby in allow to enter Can you let the cat in before you
go to school?

log in (or on) sign in (to a I can't log in to Facebook because

website, I've forgotten my password.
database etc)

log out (or off) sign out (of a If you don't log off somebody could
website, get into your account.
database etc)

look after sby/ take care of I have to look after my sick

sthg grandmother.

look down onsby think less of, Ever since we stole that chocolate
consider inferior bar your dad has looked down
on me.

look for sby/ sthg try to find I'm looking for a red dress for the
wedding.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

look forward be excited about I'm looking forward to the

to sthg the future Christmas break.

look into sthg investigate We are going to look into the price
of snowboards today.

look out be careful, Look out! That car's going to hit

vigilant, and take you!
notice

look out forsby/ be especially Don't forget to look out for snakes
sthg vigilant for on the hiking trail.

look sthg over check, examine Can you look over my essay for
spelling mistakes?

look sthg up search and find We can look her phone

information in a number up on the Internet.
reference book
or database

look up to sby have a lot of My little sister has always looked

respect for up to me.

make sthg up invent, lie about Josie made up a story about why
sthg we were late.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

make up forgive each We were angry last night, but

other we made up at breakfast.

make sby up apply cosmetics My sisters made me up for my

to graduation party.

mix sthg up confuse two or I mixed up the twins' names

more things again!

pass away die His uncle passed away last night

after a long illness.

pass out faint It was so hot in the church that an

elderly lady passed out.

pass sthg out give the same The professor passed the
thing to many textbooks out before class.
people

pass sthg up decline (usually I passed up the job because I am

sthg good) afraid of change.

pay sby back return owed Thanks for buying my ticket.

money I'll pay you back on Friday.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

pay for sthg be punished for That bully will pay for being mean
doing sthg bad to my little brother.

pick sthg out choose I picked out three sweaters for

you to try on.

point sby/ indicate with I'll point my boyfriend out when

sthgout your finger he runs by.

put sthg down put what you are You can put the groceries down on
holding on a the kitchen counter.
surface or floor

put sby down insult, make sby The students put the substitute
feel stupid teacher down because his pants
were too short.

put sthg off postpone We are putting off our trip until
January because of the hurricane.

put sthg out extinguish The neighbours put the

fire out before the firemen arrived.

put sthgtogether assemble I have to put the

crib together before the baby
arrives.
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

put up withsby/ tolerate I don't think I can put up

sthg with three small children in the car.

put sthg on put clothing/ Don't forget to put on your new

accessories on earrings for the party.
your body

run into sby/ sthg meet I ran into an old school-friend at

unexpectedly the mall.

run over sby/ drive a vehicle I accidentally ran over your bicycle
sthg over a person or in the driveway.
thing

run over/ rehearse, review Let's run over/through these

through sthg lines one more time before the
show.

run away leave The child ran away from home and
unexpectedly, has been missing for three days.
escape

run out have none left We ran out of shampoo so I had to

wash my hair with soap.

send sthg back return (usually My letter got sent back to me

phrasal verb meaning example sentence

by mail) because I used the wrong stamp.

set sthg up arrange, Our boss set a meeting up with the

organize president of the company.

set sby up trick, trap The police set up the car thief by
using a hidden camera.

shop around compare prices I want to shop around a little

before I decide on these boots.

show off act extra special He always shows off on his

for people skateboard
watching
(usually
boastfully)

sleep over stay somewhere You should sleep over tonight if

for the night the weather is too bad to drive
(informal) home.

sort sthg out organize, resolve We need to sort the

a problem bills out before the first of the
month.

stick to sthg continue doing You will lose weight if you stick
sthg, limit
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

yourself to one to the diet.

particular thing

switch sthg off stop the energy The light's too bright. Could
flow, turn off you switch it off.

switch sthg on start the energy We heard the news as soon as

flow, turn on we switched on the car radio.

take after sby resemble a I take after my mother. We are

family member both impatient.

take sthg apart purposely break He took the car brakes apart and
into pieces found the problem.

take sthg back return an item I have to take our new

TV back because it doesn't work.

take off start to fly My plane takes off in five minutes.

take sthg off remove sthg Take off your socks and shoes and
(usually clothing) come in the lake!

take sthg out remove from a Can you take the garbage out to
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

place or thing the street for me?

take sby out pay for sby to go My grandparents took us out for
somewhere with dinner and a movie.
you

tear sthg up rip into pieces I tore up my ex-boyfriend's letters

and gave them back to him.

think back remember (often When I think back on my youth, I

+ to, sometimes wish I had studied harder.
+ on)

think sthg over consider I'll have to think this job

offer over before I make my final
decision.

throw sthgaway dispose of We threw our old

furniture away when we won the
lottery.

turn sthg down decrease the Please turn the TV down while the
volume or guests are here.
strength (heat,
light etc)

turn sthg down refuse I turned the job down because I

phrasal verb meaning example sentence

don't want to move.

turn sthg off stop the energy Your mother wants you to turn the
flow, switch off TV off and come for dinner.

turn sthg on start the energy, It's too dark in here.

switch on Let's turn some lights on.

turn sthg up increase the Can you turn the music up? This is
volume or my favourite song.
strength (heat,
light etc)

turn up appear suddenly Our cat turned up after we put

posters up all over the
neighbourhood.

try sthg on sample clothing I'm going to try these jeans on,
but I don't think they will fit.

try sthg out test I am going to try this new brand of

detergent out.

use sthg up finish the supply The kids used all of the
toothpaste up so we need to buy
phrasal verb meaning example sentence

some more.

wake up stop sleeping We have to wake up early for work

on Monday.

warm sby/ sthgup increase the You can warm your feet up in front
temperature of the fireplace.

warm up prepare body for I always warm up by doing sit-ups

exercise before I go for a run.

wear off fade away Most of my make-up wore

off before I got to the party.

work out exercise I work out at the gym three times

a week.

work out be successful Our plan worked out fine.

work sthg out make a We have to work out the total cost
calculation before we buy the house.

TM TT TNG HP 13 TH TRONG TING ANH

I. The present simple tense( Th hin ti n)

1. Form : S ( I / we / you / they) + V

S ( he / she / it) + Vs/es

S + Be( am / is / are)......

2. Usage:

- Th HTG din t mt thi quen, mt hnh ng xy ra thng xuyn lp di lp li hin ti.

eg. I watch T.V every night.

- Th HTG din t mt chn l , mt s tht hin nhin.

eg. The sun rises in the East / Tom comes from America.

- Th HTG c dng khi ta ni v thi kha biu ( timetables), chng trnh (programmes).........

eg. The train leaves the station at 8.15 a.m.

The film begins at 8 p.m.

- Th HTG dng sau nhng cm t ch thi gian : when, as soon as,.. v nhng cm t ch iu kin :
if, unless.

eg. When summer comes, Ill go to the beach.

You wont get good marks unless you work hard.

3. Adverbs:

Often= usually= frequently, always= constantly, sometimes =occasionally, seldom= rarely,

everyday/ week/ month.............

II. The present continuous tense( Th hin ti tip din )

1. Form : S + Be ( am / is / are) +V ing

2. Usage:

- Th HTTD din t mt hnh ng ang din ra v ko di mt thi gian hin ti( thng c cc
trng
 t : now, right now, at the moment, at present.)

eg. The children are playing football now.

- Th HTTD cng thng c dng theo sau cu ngh, mnh lnh.

eg. Be quiet! The baby is sleeping.

Note :Khng dng th HTTD vi cc ng t ch nhn thc , tri gic nh : to be, see, hear,
understand, know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize, seem, remember, forget,
belong to, believe.....( Vi cc ng t ny ta thay bng th HTG.)

eg. She wants to go for a walk at the moment.

SIMPLE PRESENT & PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Th Simple Present c dng ch 1 hnh ng din ra trong 1 thi gian no chung khng nht thit
phi l thi gian hin ti Thi gian ni chung l thi gian ma s vic din ra mi ngy (every day),
mi tun (every week), mi thng (every month), mi nm (every year), mi ma (every spring /
summer / autumn / winter)

- He goes to school every day.

- Mrs Brown travels every summer.

* Th Present Continuous c dng ch 1 hnh ng ang xy ra (a current activity) hay mt s

vic chng ta ang lm by gi (now/ at present/ at this moment), hm nay (today), tun ny (this
week), nm nay (this year)

- We are learning English now.

- Mary is playing the piano at the moment.

Hy so snh : - I work in a bakery every day.

- Im working in a bakery this week.

Ch :

+ Th Simple Present thng c dng vi cc ng t ch tri gic (verbs of perception) nh :feel,

see, hear v cc ng t ch trng thi nh: know, understand, mean, like, prefer, love, hate, need,
want, remember, recognize, believe

+ Ngoi ra chng ta cn dng th Simple Present vi cc ng t : be, appear, belong, have to

 + Th Simple Present cn c dng vi cc trng t ch tn sut (adverbs of frequency) nh : always,
usually, often, sometimes, seldom, generally, rarely, never

- That child needs care.

- This book belongs to me.

- He never comes late.

+ Chng ta cng dng th Simple Present ch 1 chn l hay 1 s tht hin nhin (a general truth).

- The sun rises in the east.

- Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom.

+ Th Present Continuous cng c dng ch hnh ng 1 tng lai gn (a near future action)

Vi cc trng t ch tng lai nh : tomorrow, next week, next month, next year, next summer

III. The present perfect tense

1. 1. Form : S + have / has + PII

2. 2. Usage :

- Th HTHT din t hnh ng va mi xy ra, va mi kt thc, thng i vi trng t just

eg. We have just bought a new car.

- Th HTHT din t mt hnh ng bt u t qu kh , cn ko di n hin ti v c kh nng tip

tc tng lai.

eg. You have studied English for five years.

- Th HTHT din t hnh ng xa ra trong qu kh m khng bit r thi gian.

eg. I have gone to Hanoi.

- Th HTHT din t hnh ng c lp i lp li nhiu ln qu kh.

eg. We have seen Titanic three times.

- Th HTHT dng sau nhng t so snh cp cao nht.( trong li bnh phm)

eg. Its the most boring film Ive ever seen.

 - Th HTHT dng vi This is the first/ second time, its the first time.........

eg. This is the first time Ive lost my way.

-Th HTHT dng vi This morning/ This evening/ Today/ This week/ This term...... khi nhng thi gian
ny vn cn trong lc ni.

eg. I havent seen Joana this morning . Have you seen her?

Note : - Gone to khc vi Been to.

eg. Marry has gone to Paris(ang hoc ang trn ng n Pari)

Marry has been to Paris( n nhng by gi khng cn Pari)

1. Adverbs : - just, recently, lately :gn y, va mi

- ever : tng

- never :cha bao gi

- already :ri

- yet: cha (dng trong cu ph nh v nghi vn)

- since :t khi( ch thi im m hnh ng bt u)

- for : khong(ch khong thi gian ca hnh ng )

- so far =until now =up to now =up to the present : cho n nay, cho n tn by gi

Th HTHTTD : S + have been + Ving. S dng tng t th HTHT nhng mun nhn mnh tnh lin tc
ca hnh ng.

eg. You have been learning English for 5 years.

IV. The past simple tense

1. Form : S + V- ed (regular /irregular )

2. Usage : _Th QKG din t hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh, chm dt v bit r thi gian.

eg. I went to the cinema last night.

1. Adverbs: -last : -yesterday - ago

- Khi i sang dng ph nh v nghi vn nh a ng t chnh v nguyn mu.

 - Ch cch pht m cc ng t c tn cng l ed

ng t tn cng bng ed c pht m l /d/ khi theo sau cc m hu thanh ( tr m /d/ )

ng t tn cng bng ed c pht m l /t/ khi theo sau cc m v thanh ( tr m /t/ )

ng t tn cng bng ed c pht m l /id/ khi theo sau cc m /t, d/

So snh PRESENT PERFECT V SIMPLE PAST

+ Ch :

*Th Present Perfect thng dng vi nhng cm t sau : up to now, up to the present, so far (cho
ti nay), not yet (vn cha), for, since, ever ( tng), never, several times (nhiu ln), just (va
mi), recently (va xong), lately (mi ny) ...

- Have you ever seen a tiger ?

- The train has not arrived yet.

- We have lived here for 6 years.

- The bell has just rung.

* Th Simple Past thng dng vi nhng cm t sau: yesterday, the day before yesterday, last
week, last month, last year, last summer, ago.

- We came here a month ago.

- He went to the cinema yesterday.

* Th Simple Past dng k li mt chui hnh ng k tip nhau trong qu kh .

- He closed all the windows, locked the doors and then went out.

V. The past continuous tense :

1. Form : S + was/ were + V ing.

2. Usage : - Hnh ng ang xy ra v ko di mt thi gian qu kh.

eg. Yesterday, Mr Nam was working in the garden all the afternoon.
 - Hnh ng ang xy ra ti mt thi im xc nh trong qu kh.

eg. We were learning English at 9 a.m last Sunday.

- Hnh ng ang xy ra( qu kh ) th c mt hnh ng khc xen vo.(h ang xy ra

dng th QKTD , h xen vo dng th QKG )

eg. When I saw her yesterday, she was having breakfast.

- Hai hnh ng xy ra song song cng mt lc qu kh.

eg. Last night, I was watching T.V while my sister was reading a book.

Note: khng dng th ny vi cc ng t ch nhn thc, tri gic( thay bng QKG).

3. Adverbs:- at 4p.m yesterday - at this time last Sunday...........

SIMPLE PAST vs PAST CONTINUOUS

+ Th Simple Past (qu kh n) c dng din t mt hnh ng xy v v kt thc trong qu

kh c cp thi gian .

- I met him in the street yesterday.

+ Th Past Continuous (qu kh tip din) din t mt hnh ng xy ra ko di trong qu kh .

- I met him while he was crossing the street.

- She was going home when she saw an accident.

+ Th Past Continuous din t mt hnh ng xy ra ko di trong qu kh ti mt thi im xc nh

hoc hai hnh ng cng din ra song song .

- My father was watching TV at 8 oclock last night.

- I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV

VI. The past perfect tense ( Th qu kh hon thnh )

1.Form : S + had + PII.

 2. Usage :Din t mt hnh ng trong qu kh xy ra trc mt thi gian c th hoc trc mt
hnh ng khc trong qu kh.( Nu trong cu c hai hnh ng qu kh , h no xy ra trc ta dng
QKHT, h no sau ta dng QKG).

eg. They had live here before 1985.

After the children had finished their homework, they went to bed.

VII. The past perfect continuous tense ( Th qu kh hon thnh tip din )

1.Form: S + had been + Ving

2. Usage : Din t mt hnh ng qu kh xy ra v ko di cho n khi hnh ng qu kh th

hai xy ra ( h th hai dng QKG).Khong thi gian ko di thng c nu r trong cu.

eg. The boys had been playing football for 2 hours before I came

PAST PERFECT vs PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

+ Th Past Perfect Continuous (qu kh hon thnh tip din) dng nhn mnh tnh lin tc ca mt
hnh ng trc khi mt hnh ng khc xy ra .

Hy so snh.

- She had been studying English before she came here for classes.

(hnh ng had been studying xy ra lin tc cho ti khi hnh ng came for classes xy ra ).

- She had studied English before she came for classes.

(hnh ng had studied chm dt trc hnh ng came for classes)

Hy so snh :

- It had been raining when I got up this morning. (ma chm dt khi ti thc dy.)

- It was raining when I got up this morning. (ma vn cn khi ti thc dy)

VIII. The simple future tense ( Th tng lai n gin)

1. Form : S + will/ shall + V bare infi.

2. Usage: - Dng khi ta quyt nh lm mt iu g vo lc ni.

eg. You will give your sentences now.

- Dng yu cu, ngh ai lm g

eg. Will you shut the door.

- Dng ng hoc t chi lm g .

eg: A:I need some money.

B:Dont worry .Ill lend you some.

- Dng ha hn lm iu g

eg:I promise Ill call you when I arrive

- Dng shall I v shall we ngh hoc gi .

eg. Where shall we go tonight?/ Shall we go to the cinema?

- Dng I think Ill...../ I dont think Ill......khi ta quyt lm / ko lm iu g.

eg.I think Ill stay at home tonight./ I dont think Ill go out tonight.

1. Adverbs : - someday :mt ngy no . - next week/ next month..........

- tomorrow : - soon :chng bao lu na.

IX. Near future (Th tng lai gn )

1. Form: S + Be + Going to + V bare infi. (d nh s )

S + Be +V ing (sp sa )

2. Usage :- Din t hnh ng s xy ra trong tng lai gn c d nh trc( thng trong cu khng

c trng t ch thi gian )

eg. They are going to repaint the school .

-Din t s tin on, s kin chc chn xy ra tng lai v c du hiu hay chng
c hin ti .

- eg. Toms a good student. Hes going to pass the final exam.
 Look at those clouds. Its going to rain.

X. The future continuous tense (Th tng lai tip din)

1. Form: S + will / shall + Be + V ing.

2. Usage : - Din t mt hnh ng ang xy ra ti mt thi im xc nh trong tng lai .

eg. I will be watching T.V at 8p.m tonight.

- Din t mt hnh ng ang xy ra tng lai th c mt hnh ng khc xy ra.

eg. Ill be cooking when my mother return this evening.

SIMPLE FUTURE & FUTURE CONTINUOUS

+ Th Simple Future (tng lai n ) din t mt hnh ng s xy ra (c hoc khng c thi gian xc
nh tng lai); cn th Future Continuous (Tng lai tip din) din t mt hnh ng lin tc ti mt
im thi gian xc nh trong tng lai.

- He will go to the stadium next Sunday.

- We will / shall have the final test.

Hy so snh:

- I will eat breakfast at 6 oclock tomorrow. (Vo lc 6 gi sng mai ti s thng thc ba
im tm)

- I will be eating breakfast at 6 oclock tomorrow. (Vo lc 6 gi sng mai ti s ang dng
ba im tm)

+ Trong cc mnh trng t ch thi gian hay mnh iu kin th hin ti n c dng thay th
cho th hin ti n.

- I shall not go until I see him.

- If he comes tomorrow, he will do it.

+ Ch : Will cn c dng cho tt c cc ngi.

 XI. The future perfect tense (Th tng lai hon thnh )

1. Form : S + will + have +PII.

2. Usage :

- Din t mt hnh ng s hon tt vo mt thi im cho trc tng lai.

- Thng dng cc cm t ch thi gian nh : By (+mc thi gian ), By the time , By then.

eg. Well have finished our lesson by 11 oclock.

When you come back, Ill have had lunch.

XII. The future perfect continuous tense (Th tng lai hon thnh tip din)

1. Form: S + will + have been + Ving .

2. Usage : - Din t mt hnh ng bt u t qu kh v ko di n mt thi im cho trc

tng lai. Thng dng cc cm t ch thi gian nh :

By...........for(+ khong thi gian), By the time , By then.

eg. By May, theyll have been living in this house for 15 years.

SO SANH TH FUTURE PERFECT V TH FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

+ Th Tng lai hon thnh c dng ch mt hnh ng s hon thnh trc mt hnh ng khc
trong tng lai hay mt im thi gian tng lai.

- The taxi will have arrived by the time you finish dressing.

- By next Christmas, he will have lived in Dalat for 5 years.

+ nhn mnh tnh lin tc ca hnh ng, chng ta dng th Tng lai hon thnh tip din.

- By the time you receive this letter, we shall have been travelling through Russia.

- By next June, they will have been working in this factory for 12 years.

SEQUENCE OF TENSES ( S PHI HP V TH )

Trong cu c hai mnh tr ln , cc ng t phi c s phi hp v th.

S phi hp ca cc ng t trong mnh chnh(main clause) v mnh ph ( subordinate

clause) nh sau :
Main clause Subordinate clause

1. Simple present

2. Simple past

3. Present perfect

4. Past perfect

eg. Marry says shell come here next Sunday.

People have said that London has fog.

S phi hp ca cc ng t trong mnh chnh v mnh trng ng ch thi gian nh sau:

Main clause Adverbial clause of time

1. Present tenses
 2. Past tenses

3. Future tenses

+ Mnh trng ng ch thi gian thng c bt u vi cc t ni sau:

- when: - until:

- whenever : - just as :ngay khi

- as: - since:

- while: - no sooner ......than: ngay khi

- before: - hardly.......when: kh.......khi

- after: - as long as: chng no, cho n khi

- as soon as:

- till:

eg. You will go home as soon as you have finished your exercises.

When I came there, it was raining hard.

I often drink coffee while I am watching T.V.

Note:- Khng c dng th tng lai (Future tenses) trong cc mnh trng ng ch thi gian
( c th thay bng th hin ti).

eg. If it rains tomorrow, Well stay at home.

- Trong trng hp dng t ni Since lu :

S +V( present perfect/ present perfect cont.) + Since + S + Ved.

eg. You have been studying English since you came here.
1. S + V + too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something: (qu.... cho ai lm
g...)e.g. This structure is too easy for you to remember.e.g. He ran too fast for me to
follow.

2. S + V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V: (qu... n ni m...)e.g. This box is so heavy

that I cannot take it.e.g. He speaks so soft that we cant hear anything.

3. It + V + such + (a/an) + N(s) + that + S + V: (qu... n ni m...)e.g. It is such a

heavy box that I cannot take it.e.g. It is such interesting books that I cannot ignore them
at all.

Kho hc ting anh cho ngi mt cn bn

4. S + V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to do something : (... cho ai lm

g...)e.g. She is old enough to get married.e.g. They are intelligent enough for me to
teach them English.

5. Have/ get + something + done (past participle): (nh ai hoc thu ai lm g...)e.g. I
had my hair cut yesterday.e.g. Id like to have my shoes repaired.

6. It + be + time + S + V (-ed, ct 2) / Its +time +for someone +to do something : (

n lc ai phi lm g...)e.g. It is time you had a shower.e.g. Its time for me to ask all
of you for this question.

Video gii thiu v kho hc ting anh dnh cho ngi mt cn bn:
 Click tham gia

7. It + takes/took+ someone + amount of time + to do something: (lm g... mt bao

nhiu thi gian... hoc tieng anh) e.g. It takes me 5 minutes to get to school.e.g. It took
him 10 minutes to do this exercise yesterday.

8. To prevent/stop + someone/something + From + V-ing: (ngn cn ai/ ci g... lm

g..)e.g. He prevented us from parking our car here.

9. S + find+ it+ adj to do something: (thy ... lm g...)e.g. I find it very difficult to learn
about English.e.g. They found it easy to overcome that problem.10. To prefer + Noun/ V-
ing + to + N/ V-ing. (Thch ci g/ lm g hn ci g/ lm g)e.g. I prefer dog to cat.e.g. I
prefer reading books to watching TV.

11. Would rather ('d rather) + V (infinitive) + than + V (infinitive: (thch lm g hn lm g)

e.g. She would play games than read books.e.g. Id rather learn English than learn
Biology.

12. To be/get Used to + V-ing: (quen lm g) e.g. I am used to eating with chopsticks.

13. Used to + V (infinitive): (Thng lm g trong qu kh v by gi khng lm

na)e.g. I used to go fishing with my friend when I was young.e.g. She used to smoke
10 cigarettes a day.

14. To be amazed at = to be surprised at + N/V-ing: ngc nhin v....e.g. I was amazed

at his big beautiful villa.

15. To be angry at + N/V-ing: tc gin ve.g. Her mother was very angry at her bad
marks.

16. to be good at/ bad at + N/ V-ing: gii v.../ km v...e.g. I am good at swimming.e.g.
He is very bad at English.

17. by chance = by accident (adv): tnh ce.g. I met her in Paris by chance last week.

18. to be/get tired of + N/V-ing: mt mi v...e.g. My mother was tired of doing too much
housework everyday.

19. cant stand/ help/ bear/ resist + V-ing: Khng chu ni/khng nhn c lm g...e.g.
She can't stand laughing at her little dog.

20. to be keen on/ to be fond of + N/V-ing : thch lm g ...e.g. My younger sister is

fond of playing with her dolls.
21. to be interested in + N/V-ing: quan tm n...e.g. Mrs Brown is interested in going
shopping on Sundays.

* Cu ph nh trong ting anh / hc t mi ting anh

22. to waste + time/ money + V-ing: tn tin hoc thi gian lm ge.g. He always wastes
time playing computer games each day.e.g. Sometimes, I waste a lot of money buying
clothes.

23. To spend + amount of time/ money + V-ing: dnh bao nhiu thi gian lm g..e.g. I
spend 2 hours reading books a day.e.g. Mr Jim spent a lot of money traveling around
the world last year.

24. To spend + amount of time/ money + on + something: dnh thi gian vo vic
g...e.g. My mother often spends 2 hours on housework everyday.e.g. She spent all of
her money on clothes.

25. to give up + V-ing/ N: t b lm g/ ci g...e.g. You should give up smoking as soon

as possible.

26. would like/ want/wish + to do something: thch lm g...e.g. I would like to go to the
cinema with you tonight.

27. have + (something) to + Verb: c ci g lme.g. I have many things to do this

week.

28. It + be + something/ someone + that/ who: chnh...m...

e.g. It is Tom who got the best marks in my class.e.g. It is the villa that he had to spend
a lot of money last year.

29. Had better + V(infinitive): nn lm g....e.g. You had better go to see the doctor.

30. hate/ like/ dislike/ enjoy/ avoid/ finish/ mind/ postpone/ practise/ consider/ delay/
deny/ suggest/ risk/ keep/ imagine/ fancy + V-ing
e.g. I always practise speaking English everyday.

31. It is + tnh t + ( for smb ) + to do smtVD: It is difficult for old people to learn English.
( Ngi c tui hc ting Anh th kh )

32. To be interested in + N / V_ing ( Thch ci g / lm ci g )VD: We are interested in

reading books on history.( Chng ti thch c sch v lch s )

33. To be bored with ( Chn lm ci g )VD: We are bored with doing the same things
everyday.( Chng ti chn ngy no cng lm nhng cng vic lp i lp li ) - hc ting
anh giao tip

34. Its the first time smb have ( has ) + PII smt ( y l ln u tin ai lm ci g )VD:
Its the first time we have visited this place.( y l ln u tin chng ti ti thm ni
ny )

35. enough + danh t ( ci g ) + ( to do smt )VD: I dont have enough time to study.
( Ti khng c thi gian hc )

36. Tnh t + enough ( lm sao ) + ( to do smt )VD: Im not rich enough to buy a car.
( Ti khng giu mua t )

37. too + tnh t + to do smt ( Qu lm sao lm ci g )VD: Im to young to get

married.( Ti cn qu tr kt hn )

38. To want smb to do smt = To want to have smt + PII( Mun ai lm g ) ( Mun c ci
g c lm )VD: She wants someone to make her a dress.( C y mun ai may cho
c y mt chic vy )= She wants to have a dress made.( C y mun c mt chic vy
c may )

39. Its time smb did smt ( n lc ai phi lm g )VD: Its time we went home.(
n lc ti phi v nh )

40. Its not necessary for smb to do smt = Smb dont need to do smt( Ai khng cn thit
phi lm g ) doesnt have to do smtVD: It is not necessary for you to do this exercise.
( Bn khng cn phi lm bi tp ny )

41. To look forward to V_ing ( Mong ch, mong i lm g )VD: We are looking forward
to going on holiday.( Chng ti ang mong c i ngh )

42. To provide smb from V_ing ( Cung cp cho ai ci g )VD: Can you provide us with
some books in history?( Bn c th cung cp cho chng ti mt s sch v lch s
khng?)

43. To prevent smb from V_ing (Cn tr ai lm g )To stopVD: The rain stopped us from
going for a walk.( Cn ma ngn cn chng ti i do )

44. To fail to do smt (Khng lm c ci g / Tht bi trong vic lm ci g)VD: We

failed to do this exercise.(Chng ti khng th lm bi tp ny )

45. To be succeed in V_ing (Thnh cng trong vic lm ci g)VD: We were succeed in
passing the exam.(Chng ti thi )
46. To borrow smt from smb (Mn ci g ca ai)VD: She borrowed this book from the
liblary.( C y mn cun sch ny th vin )

47. To lend smb smt (Cho ai mn ci g)VD: Can you lend me some money?( Bn c
th cho ti vay t tin khng? )

48. To make smb do smt (Bt ai lm g)VD: The teacher made us do a lot of homework.(
Gio vin bt chng ti lm rt nhiu bi tp nh )

49. CN + be + so + tnh t + that + S + ng t.( n mc m )CN + ng t + so +

trng t 1. The exercise is so difficult that noone can do it.( Bi tp kh n mc khng
ai lm c )2. He spoke so quickly that I couldnt understand him.( Anh ta ni nhanh
n mc m ti khng th hiu c anh ta )

50. CN + be + such + ( tnh t ) + danh t + that + CN + ng t.VD: It is such a difficult

exercise that noone can do it.( l mt bi tp qu kh n ni khng ai c th lm
c )

51. It is ( very ) kind of smb to do smt ( Ai tht tt bng / t t khi lm g) VD: It is very
kind of you to help me.( Bn tht tt v gip ti )

52. To find it + tnh t + to do smtVD: We find it difficult to learn English. ( Chng ti

thy hc ting Anh kh )

53. To make sure of smt ( Bo m iu g )that + CN + ng tVD: 1. I have to make

sure of that information.( Ti phi bo m chc chn v thng tin )2. You have to
make sure that youll pass the exam.( Bn phi bo m l bn s thi )

54. It takes ( smb ) + thi gian + to do smt ( Mt ( ca ai ) bao nhiu thi gian lm
g)VD: It took me an hour to do this exercise.( Ti mt mt ting lm bi ny )

Cc cu trc cu trong ting anh

55. To spend + time / money + on smt ( Dnh thi gian / tin bc vo ci gdoing smt
lm g )VD: We spend a lot of time on TV.watching TV.( Chng ti dnh nhiu thi gian
xem TV )

56. To have no idea of smt = dont know about smt ( Khng bit v ci g )VD: I have no
idea of this word = I dont know this word.( TI khng bit t ny )

57. To advise smb to do smt ( Khuyn ai lm gnot to do smt khng lm g )VD: Our
teacher advises us to study hard.( C gio khuyn chng ti hc chm ch )
58. To plan to do smt ( D nh / c k hoch lm g )intendVD: We planed to go for a
picnic.intended( Chng ti d nh i d ngoi )

59. To invite smb to do smt ( Mi ai lm g )VD: They invited me to go to the cinema.

( H mi ti i xem phim )

60. To offer smb smt ( Mi / ngh ai ci g )VD: He offered me a job in his company.
( Anh ta mi ti lm vic cho cng ty anh ta )

61. To rely on smb ( tin cy, da dm vo ai )VD: You can rely on him.( Bn c th tin
anh y )

62. To keep promise ( G li ha )VD: He always keeps promises.

63. To be able to do smt = To be capable of + V_ing ( C kh nng lm g )VD: Im able

to speak English = I am capable of speaking English.( Ti c th ni ting Anh )

64. To be good at ( + V_ing ) smt ( Gii ( lm ) ci g )VD: Im good at ( playing ) tennis.

( Ti chi qun vt gii )

65. To prefer smt to smt ( Thch ci g hn ci g )doing smt to doing smt lm g hn lm

gVD: We prefer spending money than earning money.( Chng ti thch tiu tin hn
kim tin )

66. To apologize for doing smt ( Xin li ai v lm g )VD: I want to apologize for being
rude to you. ( Ti mun xin li v bt lch s vi bn )

67. Had ( d ) better do smt ( Nn lm g )not do smt ( Khng nn lm g )VD: 1. Youd

better learn hard.( Bn nn hc chm ch )2. Youd better not go out.( Bn khng nn i
ra ngoi ) - Danh sch cc trung tm ting anh uy tn

68. Would ( d ) rather do smt Th lm gnot do smt ng lm gVD: Id rather stay at

home.Id rather not say at home.

69. Would ( d ) rather smb did smt ( Mun ai lm g )VD: Id rather you ( he / she )
stayed at home today.( Ti mun bn / anh y / c y nh ti nay )

70. To suggest smb ( should ) do smt ( Gi ai lm g )VD: I suggested she ( should )

buy this house.

71. To suggest doing smt ( Gi lm g )VD: I suggested going for a walk.

72. Try to do ( C lm g )VD: We tried to learn hard.( Chng ti c hc chm ch )

73. Try doing smt ( Th lm g )VD: We tried cooking this food.( Chng ti th nu
mn n ny )

74. To need to do smt ( Cn lm g )VD: You need to work harder.( Bn cn lm vic

tch cc hn )

75. To need doing ( Cn c lm )VD: This car needs repairing.( Chic t ny cn

c sa )

76. To remember doing ( Nh lm g )VD: I remember seeing this film.( Ti nh l

xem b phim ny )

77. To remember to do ( Nh lm g ) ( cha lm ci ny )VD: Remember to do your

homework.( Hy nh lm bi tp v nh )

78. To have smt + PII ( C ci g c lm )VD: Im going to have my house repainted.

( Ti s sn li nh ngi khc sn, khng phi mnh sn ly )= To have smb do smt
( Thu ai lm g )VD: Im going to have the garage repair my car.= Im going to have my
car repaired.

79. To be busy doing smt ( Bn rn lm g )VD: We are busy preparing for our exam.
( Chng ti ang bn rn chun b cho k thi )

80. To mind doing smt ( Phin lm g )VD: Do / Would you mind closing the door for
me?( Bn c th ng ca gip ti khng? )

81. To be used to doing smt ( Quen vi vic lm g )VD: We are used to getting up early.
( Chng ti quen dy sm )

82. To stop to do smt ( Dng li lm g )VD: We stopped to buy some petrol.( Chng
ti dng li mua xng )

83. To stop doing smt ( Thi khng lm g na )VD: We stopped going out late.( Chng
ti thi khng i chi khuya na )

84. Let smb do smt ( ai lm g )VD: Let him come in.( anh ta vo )

BI TP TNG HP V CC TH TRONG TING ANH

EXERCISE 1: Use the correct form of verbs in brackets.

1. In all the world, there (be) __________ only 14 mountains that (reach)
__________above 8,000 meters.

2. He sometimes (come) __________ to see his parents.

3. When I (come) __________, she (leave) __________for Dalat ten minutes ago.

4. My grandfather never (fly) __________ in an airplane, and he has no intention of

ever doing so.

5. We just (decide) __________ that we (undertake) ____________ the job.

6. He told me that he (take) __________ a trip to California the following week.

7. I knew that this road (be) __________ too narrow.

8. Right now I (attend) __________ class. Yesterday at this time I (attend)

__________class.

9. Tomorrow Im going to leave for home. When I (arrive) __________at the airport,
Mary (wait) __________ for me.

10. Margaret was born in 1950. By last year, she (live) __________on this earth for 55
years .

11. The traffic was very heavy. By the time I (get) __________to Marys party,
everyone already (arrive) __________

12. I will graduate in June. I (see) __________ you in July. By the time I (see)
__________ you , I (graduate) __________.

13. I (visit) __________ my uncles home regularly when I (be) __________ a child.

14. That book (be) __________ on the table for weeks. You (not read) __________ it
yet ?

15. David (wash) __________ his hands. He just (repair) __________ the TV set.

16. You (be) __________here before? Yes, I (spend) __________ my holidays here last
year.

17. We never (meet) __________ him. We dont know what he (look) __________ like.

18. The car (be) __________ ready for him by the time he (come) __________tomorrow.
19. On arriving at home I (find) __________that she just (leave) __________a few
minutes before.

20. When we (arrive) __________ in London tonight, it probably (rain) __________.

21. It (rain) __________ hard. We cant do anything until it (stop) __________

22. Last night we (watch) __________TV when the power (fail) __________.

23. That evening we (stay) __________up to talk about the town where he (live)
__________for some years.

24. I (sit) __________down for a rest while the shoes (repair) __________.

25. Half way to the office Paul (turn) __________round and (go) __________back home
because he (forget) __________to turn the gas off.

26. London (change) __________a lot since we first (come) __________ to live here.

27. While we (talk) __________on the phone the children (start) __________fighting and
(break) __________a window

28. He used to talk to us for hours about all the interesting things he (do) __________
in his life.

29. You know she (stand) __________looking at that picture for the last twenty
minutes.

30. I (spend) __________ a lot of time travelling since I (get) __________this new job.

31. When we (be) __________ at school we all (study) __________Latin.

32. When I (meet) __________ him , he (work) __________as a waiter for a year.

33. After he (finish) __________ breakfast he (sit) __________down to write some

letters.

34. She (have) __________a hard life, but shes always smiling.

35. I think Jim (be) __________ out of town.

EXERCISE 2: Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D.

1. When I last saw him, he _____ in London.

A. has lived B. is living C. was living D. has been living

2. We _______ Dorothy since last Saturday.

A. dont see B. havent seen C. didnt see D. hadnt seen

3. The train ______ half an hour ago.

A. has been leaving B. left C. has left D. had left

4. Jack ______ the door.

A. has just painted B. paint C. will have painted D. painting

5. My sister ________ for you since yesterday.

A. is looking B. was looking C. has been looking D. looked

6. I ______ Texas State University now.

A. am attending B. attend

C. was attending D. attended

7. He has been selling motorbikes ________.

A. ten years ago B. since ten years C. for ten years ago D. for
ten years

8. Christopher Columbus _______ American more than 500 years ago.

A. discovered B. has discovered C. had discovered D. had been discovering

9. He fell down when he ______ towards the church.

A. run B. runs C. was running D. had run

10. We _______ there when our father died.

A. still lived B. lived still C. was still lived D. was still living

11. They ______ table tennis when their father comes back home.

A. will play B. will be playing C. play D. would play

12. By Christmas, I _______ for Mr. Smith for six years.

A. will have been working B. will work C. have been working D. will be working

13. I _______ in the room right now.

A. am being B. was being C. have been being D. am

14. I ______ to New York three times this year.

A. have been B. was C. were D. had been

15. Ill come and see you before I _______ for the States.

A. leave B. will leave C. have left D. shall leave

16. The little girl asked what _______ to her friend.

A. has happened B. happened

C. had happened D. would have been happened

17. John ______ a book when I saw him.

A. is reading B. read C. was reading D. reading

18. He said he _______ return later.

A. will B. would C. can D. would be

19. Jack ________ the door.

A. has just opened B. open

C. have opened D. opening

20. I have been waiting for you ______ .

A. since early morning B. since 9 a.m

C. for two hours D. All are correct

21. Almost everyone _______ for home by the time we arrived.

A. leave B. left C. leaves D. had left

22. By the age of 25, he ______ two famous novels.

A. wrote B. writes C. has written D. had written

23. When her husband was in the army, Mary ______ to him twice a week.

A. was reading B. wrote C. was written D. had written

24. I couldnt cut the grass because the lawn mower ______ a few days previously.

A. broke down B. has been broken

C. had broken down D. breaks down

25. I have never played badminton before. This is the first time I _____ to play.

A. try B. tried C. have tried D. am trying

26. Since _______, I have heard nothing from him.

A. he had left B. he left C. he has left D. he was left

27. After I _______ lunch, I looked for my bag.

A. had B. had had C. have has D. have had

28. By the end of next year, George _______ English for two years.

A. will have learned B. will learn

C. has learned D. would learn

29. The man got out of the car, ________ round to the back and opened the book.

A. walking B. walked C. walks D. walk

30. Henry _______ into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner.

A. was going B. went C. has gone D. did go

31. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ______ dinner.

A. finish B. finishes C. will finish D. finishing

32. I will be glad if he _______ with us.

A. had gone B. did go C. went D. goes

33 Ask her to come and see me when she _______ her work.

A. finish B. has finished C. finished D. finishing

34. Turn off the gas. Dont you see that the kettle ________ ?

A. boil B. boils C. is boiling D. boiled

35. Tom and Mary ______ for Vietnam tomorrow.

A. leave B. are leaving C. leaving D. are left

36. He always ________ for a walk in the evening.

A. go B. is going C. goes D. going

37. Her brother ______ in Canada at present.

A. working B. works C. is working D. work

38. I ______ to the same barber since last year.

A. am going B. have been going C. go D. had gone

39. Her father ______ when she was a small girl.

A. dies B. died C. has died D. had died

40. Last week, my professor promised that he ________ today.

A. would come B. will come C. comes D. coming

EXERCISE 3: Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D )

that needs correcting.

1. After Mrs. Wang had returned to her house from work, she

A B C

was cooking dinner.

D
2. Jimmy threw the ball high in the air, and Betty catching it when it came down.

A B C D

3. Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it.

A B C D

4. Last week Mark told me that he got very bored with his present job

A B

and is looking for a new one.

C D

5. Having fed the dog, he was sat down to his own meal.

A B C D

6. When I turned on my computer, I was shocked to find some junk mail,

A B

and I delete it all.

C D

7. They are going to have to leave soon and so do we.

A B C D

8. The boss laughed when the secretary has told him that she really

A B

needed a pay rise.

C D

9. The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it.

A B C D

10. Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing
 A B C

tennis since ten years.

11. I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer.

A B C D

12. When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she

stopped moving and listen intently.

A B C D

13. I think its time you change your way of living.

A B C D

14. Roger felt the outside of his pocket to make sure his wallet is still there.

A B C D

15. When Im shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I

A B

hadnt met for five years.

C D

16. The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant.

A B C D

17. Peter and Wendy first met in 2006, and they are married for three years now.

A B C D

18. Some people are believing there is life on other planets.

A B C D

19. Recently, the island of Hawaii had been the subject of

 A B

intensive research on the occurrence of earthquakes.

C D

20. Every morning, the sun shines in my bedroom window and waking

A B C

me up.

21. The man died as a result of falling asleep while he drives.

A B C D

22. I havent finished the report yet, but by the time you return I

A B C

will certainly complete it.

23. Caroline has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it.

A B C D

24. Well be cycled to Hoas village at this time next Sunday.

A B C D

25. What will you do when your friends wont come ?

A B C D

26. Someone was knocking at the door when I was doing the washing up.

A B C D

27. My friend didnt drink any beer since we came to live here.

A B C D
28. We have written to each other when we were in primary school.

A B C D

29. After breakfast, Im gone to walk to school with my friends.

A B C D

30. Did he go to the pop concert next weekend for a change?

A B C D

EXERCISE 4: Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the

same meaning as the given one.

1. Eight years ago we started writing to each other.

A. We have rarely written to each other for eight years.

B. Eight years is a long time for us to write to each other.

C. We wrote to each other eight years ago.

D. We have been writing to each other for eight years.

2. The boy was so lazy that he couldnt stay up late to learn his lessons.

A. The boy was lazy enough not to stay up late to learn his lessons.

B. The boy was too lazy to stay up late to learn his lessons.

C. The boy was lazy enough but he stayed up late to learn his lessons.

D. The boy was lazy enough to stay up late to learn his lessons.

3. My father is tired of seeing any violent films.

A. My father hasnt seen a violent film.

B. My father has enjoyed all the violent films he has ever seen.

C. My father is worried about missing the next violent film.

D. My father never wants to see another violent film.

4. As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away.

A. He saw her turn away and he waved his hand.

B. No sooner had he waved his hand than she turned away.

C. She turned away because he waved his hand too early.

D. Although she turned away, he waved his hand.

5. John wishes he had remembered to send Mary a Christmas card.

A. John regrets not to send Mary a Christmas card.

B. John regrets forgetting not to send Mary a Christmas card.

C. John regrets not remembering sending Mary a Christmas card.

D. John regrets forgetting to send Mary a Christmas card.

6. My father hasnt smoked cigarettes for a month.

A. Its a month since my father last smoked cigarettes.

B. Its a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes.

C. Its a month that my father hasnt smoked cigarettes.

D. Its a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago.

7. Having finished their work, the workers expected to be paid.

A. The workers expected to be paid because they had finished their work.

B. Having their work finishing, the workers expected to be paid.

C. Having expected to be paid, the workers finished their work.

D. Having been finished their work, the workers expected to be paid.

8. Mr. Brown bought this car five years ago.

A. Mr. Brown started to buy this car for five years.

B. It has been five years when Mr. Brown has bought this car.
 C. Mr. Brown has had this car for five years .

D. It is five years ago since Mr. Brown has bought this car.

9. John used to write home once a week when he was abroad.

A. John doesnt write home once a week any longer.

B. John enjoyed being written home every week when he was abroad.

C. John never forgot to write a weekly letter home when he was abroad.

D. When he was abroad he remembered to write home every week.

10. I havent enjoyed myself so much for years.

A. Its years since I enjoyed myself so much.

B. Its years since I have enjoyed myself so much.

C. It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much.

D. It has been years since I have enjoyed myself so much.

P N

Exercise 1:

1. are - reach

2. comes

3. came - had left

4. has never flown

5. have just decided -would undertake

6. would take

7. was

8. am attending - was attending

9. arrive -will be waiting

10. had lived

11. got- had already arrived

12. will see - see - will have graduated

13. visited -was

14. has been - havent you read

15. is washing - has just repaired

16. Have you been - spent

17. have never met - looks

18. will have been- comes

19. found had just left

20. arrive will probably be raining

21. is raining - stops

22. were watching - failed

23. stayed had lived

24. sat were being repaired

25. turned went had forgotten

26. has changed - came

27. were talking started - broke

28. had done

29. has been standing

30. have spent - got

31. were - studied

32. met had been working

33. had finished - sat

34. has

35. has been

Exercise 2:

1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. A

13. D

14. A 15. A 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. D 22. D 23. B 24. C 25.
C 26. B

27. B 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B 36. C 37. C 38. B
39. B

40. A

Exercise 3:

1. D. was cooking -> cooked

2. C. catching -> caught

3. D. buys -> bought

4. C. is looking -> was looking

5. B. was sat -> sat

6. D. delete -> deleted

7. C. so do -> so are

8. A. has told -> told

9. C. stop -> stopped

10. D. since -> for

11. A. have seen -> saw

12. C. listen -> listened

13. B. change -> changed

14. D. is still -> was still

15. A. Im shopping -> was shopping

16. C. is having -> was having

17. C. are -> have been

18. B. are believing -> believe

19. B. had been -> has been

20. C. waking -> wakes

21. D. drives -> was driving

22. D. will certainly complete -> will have certainly completed

23. D. buys -> bought

24. A. Well be cycled -> Well be cycling

25. D. wont come -> dont come

26. A. was knocking -> knocked

27. A. didnt drink -> hasnt drunk

28. C. when -> since

29. B. gone -> going

30. A. Did -> Will

Exercise 4:

1. D 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. A