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Copyright 1996 New England Medical Center

All rights reserved
(IQOLA SF-36 Greek (Greece) Standard Version 1.0
67

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68

69
Cronbach' s

Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's Cronbach's N of Items

Alpha Alpha Based on
Standardized
Items
.819 .842 20

Standardized
Items
.875 .878 24

Standardized
Items
.774 .781 5

Standardized
Items
.769 .770 4
70

Standardized
Items
.712 .715 3

Standardized
Items
.793 .794 4

Standardized
Items
.906 .907 4

Standardized
Items
.708 .707 4
71
SF-36
:

Standardized
Items
.856 .865 10
:

Standardized
Items
.824 .825 4
:

Standardized
Items
.719 .720 3

Standardized
Items
.718 .731 4
:

Standardized
Items
.829 .836 5
72

Standardized
Items
.812 .813 2

Standardized
Items
.720 .721 2

Standardized
Items
.767 .775 5
73

- ANOVA
Between-Subjects Factors
Value Label N
1 82
2 77
Descriptive Statistics
Mean Std. Deviation N
43.3841 9.27438 82
44.2208 10.91805 77
Total 43.7893 10.08020 159

65.37 11.716 82
73.36 13.015 77
Total 69.24 12.959 159
81.83 19.666 82
_ 85.78 15.666 77
Total 83.74 17.895 159
73.48 36.924 82
_
67.86 36.241 77
Total 70.75 36.588 159

73.98 33.955 82
_ 64.94 38.577 77
Total 69.60 36.435 159
56.5244 19.94884 82
50.4545 19.80467 77
Total 53.5849 20.04845 159
64.10 18.740 82
_ 58.39 21.718 77
Total 61.33 20.375 159
74.70 23.486 82
_ 66.88 22.650 77
Total 70.91 23.343 159
72.20 25.704 82
_ 59.97 31.364 77
Total 66.28 29.145 159
65.6098 19.26729 82
_ 68.2468 19.81437 77
Total 66.8868 19.51695 159
74
a
Levene's Test of Equality of Error Variances
F df1 df2 Sig.
1.818 1 157 .180

.151 1 157 .698
_ 3.356 1 157 .069
_ .075 1 157 .784

_ 1.809 1 157 .181
.002 1 157 .969
_ 1.334 1 157 .250
_ .727 1 157 .395
_ 9.761 1 157 .002
_ .000 1 157 .996
Tests the null hypothesis that the error variance of the dependent
variable is equal across groups.
a. Design: Intercept +
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Source Dependent Variable Type III df Mean Square F Sig. Partial Eta
Sum of Squared
Squares
a
27.796 1 27.796 .272 .603 .002
b
2540.076 1 2540.076 16.621 .000 .096
c
_ 619.571 1 619.571 1.946 .165 .012
d
_ 1253.554 1 1253.554 .936 .335 .006
e
Corrected _ 3251.453 1 3251.453 2.472 .118 .016
f
Model 1463.062 1 1463.062 3.702 .056 .023
g
_ 1293.802 1 1293.802 3.159 .077 .020
h
_ 2423.441 1 2423.441 4.547 .035 .028
i
_ 5930.998 1 5930.998 7.259 .008 .044
j
_ 276.138 1 276.138 .724 .396 .005
304764.5 1 304764.588 2985.530 .000 .950

88
764266.8 1 764266.868 5001.071 .000 .970

68
Intercept
1115576. 1 1115576.804 3504.393 .000 .957
_
804
793218.9 1 793218.963 592.304 .000 .790
_
63
75
766354.1 1 766354.178 582.680 .000 .788

_
78
454468.7 1 454468.722 1150.024 .000 .880

22
595783.7 1 595783.764 1454.814 .000 .903
_
64
795976.9 1 795976.900 1493.598 .000 .905
_
00
693693.5 1 693693.514 849.009 .000 .844
_
14
711518.9 1 711518.906 1864.672 .000 .922
_
06
27.796 1 27.796 .272 .603 .002
2540.076 1 2540.076 16.621 .000 .096
_ 619.571 1 619.571 1.946 .165 .012
_ 1253.554 1 1253.554 .936 .335 .006
_ 3251.453 1 3251.453 2.472 .118 .016
1463.062 1 1463.062 3.702 .056 .023

_ 1293.802 1 1293.802 3.159 .077 .020
_ 2423.441 1 2423.441 4.547 .035 .028
_ 5930.998 1 5930.998 7.259 .008 .044
_ 276.138 1 276.138 .724 .396 .005
16026.64 157 102.081

6
23992.84 157 152.821

3
49978.85 157 318.337
_
7
210255.8 157 1339.209
_
80
206489.9 157 1315.223
_
87
Error
62043.54 157 395.182

2
64295.53 157 409.526
_
1
83669.32 157 532.926
_
6
128278.8 157 817.063
_
26
59907.82 157 381.578
_
4
76
320937.5 159

00
788785.0 159

00
1165625. 159
_
000
1007500. 159
_
000
980000.0 159
_
00
Total
520050.0 159

00
663712.0 159
_
00
885625.0 159
_
00
832634.0 159
_
00
771525.0 159
_
00
16054.44 158

2
26532.91 158

8
50598.42 158
_
8
211509.4 158
_
34
209741.4 158
_
40
Corrected Total
63506.60 158

4
65589.33 158
_
3
86092.76 158
_
7
134209.8 158
_
24
60183.96 158
_
2
a. R Squared = ,002 (Adjusted R Squared = -,005)
b. R Squared = ,096 (Adjusted R Squared = ,090)
77
c. R Squared = ,012 (Adjusted R Squared = ,006)

d. R Squared = ,006 (Adjusted R Squared = ,000)
e. R Squared = ,016 (Adjusted R Squared = ,009)
f. R Squared = ,023 (Adjusted R Squared = ,017)
g. R Squared = ,020 (Adjusted R Squared = ,013)
h. R Squared = ,028 (Adjusted R Squared = ,022)
i. R Squared = ,044 (Adjusted R Squared = ,038)
j. R Squared = ,005 (Adjusted R Squared = -,002)
Estimated Marginal Means
1.
Estimates
Dependent Variable Mean Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval
Lower Bound Upper Bound
43.384 1.116 41.180 45.588

44.221 1.151 41.947 46.495
65.366 1.365 62.669 68.062

73.364 1.409 70.581 76.146
81.829 1.970 77.938 85.721
_
85.779 2.033 81.763 89.795
_ 73.476 4.041 65.493 81.458
67.857 4.170 59.620 76.094
73.984 4.005 66.073 81.894
_
64.935 4.133 56.772 73.098
56.524 2.195 52.188 60.860

50.455 2.265 45.980 54.929
64.098 2.235 59.683 68.512
_
58.390 2.306 53.834 62.945
74.695 2.549 69.660 79.731
_
66.883 2.631 61.687 72.079
72.195 3.157 65.960 78.430
_
59.974 3.257 53.540 66.408
65.610 2.157 61.349 69.871
_
68.247 2.226 63.850 72.644
78
Pairwise Comparisons
b
Dependent (I) (J) Mean Difference Std. Error Sig. 95% Confidence Interval for
b
Variable (I-J) Difference
-.837 1.603 .603 -4.003 2.330
.837 1.603 .603 -2.330 4.003

*
-7.998 1.962 .000 -11.873 -4.123
*
7.998 1.962 .000 4.123 11.873
-3.950 2.831 .165 -9.542 1.642
_
3.950 2.831 .165 -1.642 9.542
_ 5.618 5.807 .335 -5.852 17.089
-5.618 5.807 .335 -17.089 5.852
9.049 5.755 .118 -2.319 20.416
_
-9.049 5.755 .118 -20.416 2.319
6.070 3.155 .056 -.161 12.301
-6.070 3.155 .056 -12.301 .161

5.708 3.211 .077 -.635 12.051
_
-5.708 3.211 .077 -12.051 .635
*
7.812 3.663 .035 .576 15.048
_ *
-7.812 3.663 .035 -15.048 -.576
*
12.221 4.536 .008 3.262 21.181
_ *
-12.221 4.536 .008 -21.181 -3.262
-2.637 3.100 .396 -8.760 3.486
_
2.637 3.100 .396 -3.486 8.760
Based on estimated marginal means

*. The mean difference is significant at the
b. Adjustment for multiple comparisons: Bonferroni.
Univariate Tests
79
Dependent Variable Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Partial Eta

Squared
Contrast 27.796 1 27.796 .272 .603 .002
Error 16026.646 157 102.081

Contrast 2540.076 1 2540.076 16.621 .000 .096
Error 23992.843 157 152.821

Contrast 619.571 1 619.571 1.946 .165 .012
_
Error 49978.857 157 318.337
_ Contrast 1253.554 1 1253.554 .936 .335 .006
Error 210255.880 157 1339.209
Contrast 3251.453 1 3251.453 2.472 .118 .016
_
Error 206489.987 157 1315.223
Contrast 1463.062 1 1463.062 3.702 .056 .023
Error 62043.542 157 395.182

Contrast 1293.802 1 1293.802 3.159 .077 .020
_
Error 64295.531 157 409.526
Contrast 2423.441 1 2423.441 4.547 .035 .028
_
Error 83669.326 157 532.926
Contrast 5930.998 1 5930.998 7.259 .008 .044
_
Error 128278.826 157 817.063
Contrast 276.138 1 276.138 .724 .396 .005
_
Error 59907.824 157 381.578
The F tests the effect of . This test is based on the linearly independent pairwise comparisons among
the estimated marginal means.
2. Grand Mean
43.802 .802 42.219 45.386

69.365 .981 67.427 71.302
_ 83.804 1.416 81.008 86.600
_ 70.666 2.904 64.931 76.402
_ 69.459 2.878 63.776 75.143

53.489 1.577 50.374 56.605
_ 61.244 1.606 58.072 64.415
_ 70.789 1.832 67.171 74.407
_ 66.085 2.268 61.605 70.564
_ 66.928 1.550 63.867 69.990
80
Profile Plots
81

82
83

84

85
- ANOVA

Between-Subjects Factors
Value Label N
1 82
2 77
Descriptive Statistics
Mean Std. Deviation N
13.2073 3.91495 82
_ 17.2468 4.27710 77
Total 15.1635 4.55608 159
8.6098 2.90064 82
10.0000 3.71342 77
Total 9.2830 3.38113 159
7.0244 2.01828 82
7.5974 2.93912 77
Total 7.3019 2.51516 159
14.1829 3.23228 82
_ 15.0519 3.26825 77
Total 14.6038 3.26861 159
14.0732 4.25653 82
14.8961 3.92557 77
Total 14.4717 4.10744 159
10.4634 2.64433 82
11.8701 3.18446 77
Total 11.1447 2.99332 159
a
Levene's Test of Equality of Error Variances
F df1 df2 Sig.
_ 1.038 1 157 .310

2.998 1 157 .085
11.057 1 157 .001
_ .040 1 157 .842
1.697 1 157 .195
2.097 1 157 .150
86
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Source Dependent Variable Type III Sum of df Mean Square F Sig. Partial Eta
Squares Squared
a
_ 647.961 1 647.961 38.654 .000 .198
b
76.752 1 76.752 6.967 .009 .042
c
13.039 1 13.039 2.075 .152 .013
Corrected Model d
_ 29.989 1 29.989 2.840 .094 .018
e
26.893 1 26.893 1.600 .208 .010
f
78.581 1 78.581 9.227 .003 .056
_ 36829.697 1 36829.697 2197.086 .000 .933
13752.727 1 13752.727 1248.432 .000 .888
8490.020 1 8490.020 1351.214 .000 .896
Intercept
_ 33939.851 1 33939.851 3213.752 .000 .953
33325.962 1 33325.962 1982.839 .000 .927
19807.185 1 19807.185 2325.741 .000 .937
_ 647.961 1 647.961 38.654 .000 .198
76.752 1 76.752 6.967 .009 .042
13.039 1 13.039 2.075 .152 .013
_ 29.989 1 29.989 2.840 .094 .018

26.893 1 26.893 1.600 .208 .010
78.581 1 78.581 9.227 .003 .056
_ 2631.787 157 16.763
1729.512 157 11.016
986.471 157 6.283
Error
_ 1658.048 157 10.561
2638.730 157 16.807
1337.092 157 8.517
_ 39839.000 159
15508.000 159
9477.000 159
Total
_ 35598.000 159
35965.000 159
21164.000 159
_ 3279.748 158
1806.264 158
999.509 158
Corrected Total
_ 1688.038 158
2665.623 158
1415.673 158
a. R Squared = ,198 (Adjusted R Squared = ,192)

b. R Squared = ,042 (Adjusted R Squared = ,036)
87
c. R Squared = ,013 (Adjusted R Squared = ,007)

d. R Squared = ,018 (Adjusted R Squared = ,012)
e. R Squared = ,010 (Adjusted R Squared = ,004)
f. R Squared = ,056 (Adjusted R Squared = ,049)
Estimated Marginal Means
1.
Estimates
13.207 .452 12.314 14.100

_
17.247 .467 16.325 18.168
8.610 .367 7.886 9.334
10.000 .378 9.253 10.747

7.024 .277 6.478 7.571
7.597 .286 7.033 8.162

14.183 .359 13.474 14.892
_
15.052 .370 14.320 15.783
14.073 .453 13.179 14.967
14.896 .467 13.973 15.819

10.463 .322 9.827 11.100
11.870 .333 11.213 12.527
Pairwise Comparisons
b
Dependent Variable (I) (J) Mean Std. Error Sig. 95% Confidence Interval for
b
Difference (I- Difference
J) Lower Bound Upper Bound
*
-4.039 .650 .000 -5.323 -2.756
_ *
4.039 .650 .000 2.756 5.323
*
-1.390 .527 .009 -2.431 -.350
*
1.390 .527 .009 .350 2.431
-.573 .398 .152 -1.359 .213
.573 .398 .152 -.213 1.359

-.869 .516 .094 -1.888 .150
_
.869 .516 .094 -.150 1.888
-.823 .651 .208 -2.108 .462
.823 .651 .208 -.462 2.108

*
-1.407 .463 .003 -2.321 -.492
88
*
1.407 .463 .003 .492 2.321
Based on estimated marginal means

*. The mean difference is significant at the
b. Adjustment for multiple comparisons: Bonferroni.
Univariate Tests
Dependent Variable Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Partial Eta

Squared
Contrast 647.961 1 647.961 38.654 .000 .198

_
Error 2631.787 157 16.763
Contrast 76.752 1 76.752 6.967 .009 .042
Error 1729.512 157 11.016

Contrast 13.039 1 13.039 2.075 .152 .013
Error 986.471 157 6.283

Contrast 29.989 1 29.989 2.840 .094 .018
_
Error 1658.048 157 10.561
Contrast 26.893 1 26.893 1.600 .208 .010
Error 2638.730 157 16.807

Contrast 78.581 1 78.581 9.227 .003 .056
Error 1337.092 157 8.517
The F tests the effect of . This test is based on the linearly independent pairwise comparisons among the
estimated marginal means.
2. Grand Mean
_ 15.227 .325 14.585 15.869

9.305 .263 8.785 9.825
7.311 .199 6.918 7.704
_ 14.617 .258 14.108 15.127
14.485 .325 13.842 15.127
11.167 .232 10.709 11.624
89
Profile Plots
_
90
91
92
(Pearson)
Correlations
_ _ _ _ _
_ _

** ** ** ** ** ** **
Pearson Correlation 1 -,348 -,362 -,294 -,311 -,461 -,509 -,349 -,393** -,375**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000
N 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
** * ** ** ** *
Pearson Correlation -,348 1 ,193 ,210 ,068 ,276 ,248 ,089 ,186 ,241**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,015 ,008 ,396 ,000 ,002 ,264 ,019 ,002
N 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
** * ** ** ** ** ** **
Pearson Correlation -,362 ,193 1 ,498 ,311 ,474 ,362 ,365 ,303 ,494**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,015 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000
_
N 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Pearson Correlation -,294 ,210 ,498 1 ,500 ,341 ,365 ,510 ,441 ,355**
_
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,008 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000
N 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
** ** ** ** ** ** **
Pearson Correlation -,311 ,068 ,311 ,500 1 ,306 ,501 ,619 ,332 ,204**
_
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,396 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,010
N 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Pearson Correlation -,461 ,276 ,474 ,341 ,306 1 ,599 ,521 ,437 ,510**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000
N 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Pearson Correlation -,509 ,248 ,362 ,365 ,501 ,599 1 ,533 ,444 ,426**
_
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,002 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000
N 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
** ** ** ** ** ** **
Pearson Correlation -,349 ,089 ,365 ,510 ,619 ,521 ,533 1 ,495 ,382**
_
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,264 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000
N 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
** * ** ** ** ** ** **
Pearson Correlation -,393 ,186 ,303 ,441 ,332 ,437 ,444 ,495 1 ,414**
_
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,019 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000
N 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** **
Pearson Correlation -,375 ,241 ,494 ,355 ,204 ,510 ,426 ,382 ,414 1
_ Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,002 ,000 ,000 ,010 ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000
N 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159 159
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
93
. 10-
15 .
.
94
'
. 10-15 .

95
'

/ /
Mean SD
12 (14.6 %
1 39 (47.6 %) 29 (35.4 %) 2 (2.4% )
. %) 2.26 .07
2 . 49 (59.8 %) 26 (31.7 %) 6 (7.3%) 1 (1.2%)
. 1.5 .68
3 . 49 (59.8 %) 26 (31.7 %) 7 (8.5%) 0 1.49 .65

4 66 (80.5 %) 14 (17.1 %) 2 (2.4 %) 0
. 1.22 .47
5 14 (17.1 %) 18 (22 %) 35 (42.7 %)
15 (18.3
. %) 2.38 .97
6 . 68 (82.9%) 11 (13.4%) 0 3 (3.7%) 1.24 .63
7 20 (24.4%) 35 (42.7% 18 (22%) 9 (11%)
. 2.2 .93
8 27 (32.9%) 37 (45.1) 15 (18.3%) 3 (3.7%)
. 1.93 .81

9 8 (9.8%) 30 (36.6%) 26 (31.7%) -9.80%
. 2.34 .81
10 . 45 (54.9%) 25 (30.3%) 6 (7.3%) 6 (7.3%) 1.67 .93
11 . 60 (73.2%) 14 (17.1 %) 6 (7.3%) 2 (2.4% ) 1.39 .73
12 . 75 (91.5%) 4 (4.9%) 0 3 (3.7%) 1.16 .59
. . 10 (12.2 %) 7 (8.5%) 15 (18.3%) 50 (61%)
13
. 1.72 1.05
14 56 (68.3%) 15 (18.3%) 7 (8.5%) 4 (4.9%)
. 1.5 0.85
96
15 36 (43.9%) 31 (37.8%) 10 (12.2%) 5 (6.1%)

. 1.8 0.88
16 . 62 (75.6%) 11 (13.4%) 9 (11%) 0 1.35 0.67
17 . 27 (32.9%) 14 (17.1 %) 10 (12.2%) 31(37.8%)
. 2.45 1.29
18 55 (67.1%) 20 (24.4%) 6 (7.3%) 1 (1.2%)
. 1.43 0.685
22
19 7 (8.5%) 27 (32.9%) 26 (31.7%)
. (26.8%) 2.23 0.947
20 . 54 (65.9%) 19 (23.2%) 9 (11%) 0 1.45 0.688

/ / Mea
n SD
23 2.26 .86
1 15 (19.5%) 33 (42.9%) 6 (7.8%)
. (29.9%)
. 1.66 .80
2 40 (51.9%) 25 (32.5 %) 10 (13%) 2 (2.6%)
.
9 1.65 .83
3 42 (54.5%) 23 (29.9%) 3 (3.9 %)
. (11.7%)
1.40 .79
4 58 (75.3%) 10 (13%) 6 (7.8%) 3 (3.9%)
.
2.39 .96
5
28
11 (14.3%) 23 (29.9%) 15 (19.5%)
. (36.4%)
6 . 63 (81.8%) 11 (14.3%) 2 (2.6%) 1 (1.3%) 1.23 .56
2.17 .01
7 25 (32.5%) 24 (31.2 %) 18 (23.4) 10 (13%)
.
24 2.58 1.03
9 18 (23.4%) 22 (28.6%) 13 (16.9%)
. (31.2%)
10 . 45 (58.4%) 24 (31.2%) 6 (7.8%) 2 (2.6%) 1.55 0.75
97
11 . 48 (62.3%) 23 (29.9%) 6 (7.8%) 0 1.45 0.64

12 . 36 (46.8%) 13 (16.9%) 10 (13%) 18 (23.4%) 1.21 0.57
. . 13 2.13 1.23
13 10 (23.4%) 10 (13%) 36 (46.8 %)
. (16.9%)
1.45 0.73
14 51 (66.2%) 19 (24.7%) 5 (6.5%) 2 (2.6%)
.
12 1.81 0.88
15 35 (45.5%) 23 (33.8%) 4 (5.2%)
. (15.6%)
16 . 57 (74%) 12 (15.6%) 7 (9.1%) 1 (1.3%) 1.38 0.70
. 15 2.27 1.23
17 21 (27.3%) 10 (13%) 31 (40.3%)
. (19.5%)
1.44 0.71
18 51 (66.2%) 20 (26%) 4 (5.2%) 2 (2.6%)
.
21 2.00 0.98
19 6 (7.8%) 19 (24.7%) 31 (40%)
. (27.3%)
11 1.53 0.78
20 40 (63.6%) 16 (20.8%) 1 (1.3%)
. (14.3%)
98

MEAN STD

1. 8 (9.8 %) 24 (29.3%) 29 (35.4%) 19 (23.2%) 2 (2.4%) 2.79 .99
.

2. 4 (4.9%) 23 (28%) 23 (35.4%) 21 (25.6%) 5 (6.1%) 3.00 .99
.

3. 6 (7.3%) 18 (22%) 15 (18.3%) 30 (36.6%) 13 (15.9%) 2.68 1.19
.

4. 3 (3.7%) 17 (20.7%) 7 (8.5%) 21 (25.6%) 34 (41.5%) 2.20 1.28
.

5. 6 (7.3%) 21 (25.6%) 7 (8.5%) 25 (30.5%) 23 (28%) 2.54 1.33
.

6. 29 (35.4%) 33 (40.2%) 15 (18.3%) 5 (6.1%) 0 1.95 .88
.

7. 20 (24.4%) 34 (41.5%) 20 (24.4%) 6 (7.3%) 2 (2.4%) 2.22 .98
.
-
8. 4 (4.9%) 19 (23.2%) 4 (4.9%) 44 (53.7%) 11 (13.4%) 2.52 1.16
.
'
9. 0 7 (8.5%) 9 (11%) 36 (43.9%) 30 (36.6%) 1.91 .90
.

10. 27 (32.9%) 23 (28%) 27 (32.9) 4 (4.9%) 1 (1.2%) 2.13 .97
.
99

11. 8 (9.8%) 23 (28%) 23 (28&) 22 (26.8%0 6 (7.3%) 2.94 1.11
.

12. 1 (1.2%) 0 18 (22%) 38 (46.3%) 25 (30.5%) 1.95 .80
.

13. 1 (1.2%) 3 (3.7%) 22 (26.8%) 42 (51.2%) 14 (17.1%) 3.79 .81
.

14. 1 (1.2%) 14 (17.1%) 20 (24.4%) 39 (47.6%0 8 (9.8%) 3.48 .93
.

15. 14 (17.1%) 24 (29.3%) 15 (18.3%) 24 (29.3%) 5 (6.1%) 3.22 1.21
().

16. 22 (26.8%) 32 (39%) 13 (15.9%) 11 (13.4%) 4 (4.9%) 3.70 1.11
.

17. 7 (8.5%) 12 (14.6%) 22 (26.8%) 27 (32.9%) 14 (17.1%) 3.35 1.18
.

18. 7 (8.5%) 9 (13%) 30 (36.6%) 22 (26.8) 14 (17.1%) 3.33 1.14
.

19. 29 (35.4%) 24 (29.3%) 8 (9.8%) 17 (20.7%) 4 (4.9%) 3.70 1.28
.

20. 27 (32.9%) 22 (26.8%) 18 (22%) 11 (13.4%) 4 (4.9%) 3.70 1.20
.

21. 7 (8.5%) 24 (29.3%) 32 (39%) 16 (19.5%) 3 (3.7%) 2.80 .97
.

22. 3 (3.7%) 15 (18.3%) 42 (51.2%) 16 (19.5%) 6 (7.3%) 3.09 .90
.

23. ( ) 2 (2.4%) 4 (4.9%) 22 ( 26.8) 35 (42.7%) 19 (23.2%) 2.21 .93
.
100

24. 3 (3.7%) 10 (12.2%) 17 (20.7%) 36 (43.9%) 16 (19.5%) 2.37 1.04
.
MEA
N STD

1. 5 (6.5%) 18 (23.4%) 22 (28.6%) 28 (36.4%) 4 (5.2%) 3.10 1.033
.

2. 5 (6.5%) 9 (11.7%) 16 (20.8%) 37 (48.1%) 10 (13%) 3.49 1.071
.

3. 13 ?(16.9%) 33 (42.9%) 18 (23.4%) 11 (14.3%) 2 (2.6%) 3.57 1.019
.

4. 23 (29.9%) 18 (23.4%) 5 (6.5%) 21 (27.3%) 10 (13%) 3.30 1.470
.

5. 30 (39%) 24 (31.2%) 4 (5.2%) 14 (18.2%) 5 (6.5%) 3.78 1.314
.

6. 18 (23.4%) 32 (41.6%) 12 (15.6%) 10 (13%) 5 (6.5%) 2.38 1.170
.

7. 20 (26%) 27 (35.1%) 16 (20.8%) 13 (16.9%) 1 (1.3) 2.32 1.08
.
101
-
8. 8 (10.4%) 23 (29.9%) 9 (11.7%) 25 (32.5%) 12 (15.6%) 2.87 1.29
.

9. 5 (6.5%) 14 (18.2%) 6 (7.8%) 36 (46.8%) 16 (20.8%) 2.43 1.19
' .

10. 18 (23.4%) 30 (39%) 18 (23.4%) 10 (13%) 1 (1.3%) 2.30 1.01
.

11. 12 (15.6%) 16 (20.8%) 19 (24.7%) 23 (29.9%) 7 (9.1%) 2.96 1.22
.

12. 4 (5.2%) 8 (10.4%) 17 (22.1%) 29 (37.7%) 19 (24.7%) 2.34 1.11
.

13. 3 (3.9%) 2 (2.6%) 10 (13%) 35 (45.5%) 27 (35.1%) 4.05 .97
.

14. 4 (5.2%) 6 (7.8%) 13 (16.9%) 38 (49.4%) 16 (20.8%) 3.73 1.04
.

15. 12 (15.6%) 36 (46.8%) 10 (13%) 14 (18.2%) 5 (6.5%) 3.47 1.15
().

16. 15 (19.5 %) 43 (55.8%) 10 (13%) 7 (9.1%) 2 (2.6%) 3.81 .94
.

17. 6 (7.8%) 12 (15.6%) 17 (22.1%) 29 (37.7%) 13 (16.9%) 3.40 1.17
.

18. 5 (6.5%) 10 (13%) 14 (18.2%) 35 (45.5%) 13 (16.9%) 3.53 1.119
.
102

19. 28 (36.4%) 31 (40.3%) 8 (10.4%) 7 (9.1%) 3 (3.9%) 3.96 1.094
.

20. 28 (36.4%) 34 (44.2%) 4 (5.2%) 9 (11.7%) 2 (2.6%) 4.00 1.064
.

21. 8 (10.4%) 16 (20.8%) 30 (39%) 20 (26%) 3 (3.9%) 2.92 1.023
.

22. 5 (6.5%) 12 (15.6%) 30 (39%) 25 (32.5%) 5 (6.5%) 3.17 .992
.

23. ( ) 4 (5.2%) 19 (24.7%) 27 (35.1%) 20 (26%) 7 (9.1) 2.91 1.041
.

24. 4 (5.2%) 20 (26%) 25 (32.5%) 18 (23.4%) 10 (13%) 2.87 1.104

.
103
SF-36

1. : Mean SD
8 (9.8%) 62.8 21,95

39 (47.6%
22 (26%)
13 (15,9%)
2. . ; Mean SD
4 (4.9%) 51.52 16.36
8 (9.8%)
59 (72%)
11 (13.4%)
0
104
3. o ov o v v v
vv . v ,
o ; v v, o; , ,
( vv ). ,
I Mean SD
. o , o o, o v 23 (28%) 26 (31.7%) 33 (40.2%) 56.10 41.11
vvv, o v
. v , v v o, o
o o, o o v o v 3 (3.7%) 13 (15.9%) 66 (80.5%) 88.41 25.21
v
. v v v v o 3 (3.7%) 14 (17.1%) 65 (79.3%) 87.80 25.53
. v vv 8 (9.8%) 21 (25.6%) 53 (64.6%) 77.44 33.47
. v vv 7 (8.5%) 23 (14.6%) 63 (76.8%) 84.15 31.30

10
32 (39%) 40 (48.8%) 68.29 34.70
. o o o, o ov o o (12.2%)
11
18 (22%) 53 (64.6%) 75.61 36.21
. v o v o (13.4%)
. v ov 2 (2.4%) 12 (14.6%) 68 (82.9%) 90.24 22.82
. v o 1 (1.2%) 8 (9.8%) 73 (89%) 93.90 18.24
. v v vo v vv 2 (2.4%) 2 (2.4%) 78 (95.1%) 96.34 17.17

105
4. 4 o, ov - o
o vv v - o
o, ; Mean SD
( vv ).
. o ; 13 69
84.15 36.75
(15.9%) (84.1%)
. 25 57
69.51 46.32
(30.5%) (69.5%)
. o o v ov 28 54
65.85 47.71
(34.1%) (65.9%)
. v o ( 21 61
, o) 74.39 43.92
(25.6%) (74.4%)
5. 4 , ov - o
o vv v - o
o oooo vo oo (.., MEAN SD
v o o);
. o v o o 15 67
81.70 38.89
(18.3%) (81.7%)
30 52
63.41 48.46
. (36.6%) (63.4%)
19 63
. v o o o ' 76.83 42.45
(23.2%) (76.8%)
106
6. 4 o, oo
o v o vv
ovv v oov, o o, o ov
ovv o;
( vv o)
Mean SD
25 (30.5%) 72.86 23.3
32 (39%)
18 (22%)
7 (8.5%)
o 0
7. 4 ;
Mean SD
19 (23.2%) 67.56 26.78
29 (35.4%)
6 (7.3%)
o 20 (24.4%)
vovo 8 (9.8%)
o vovo 0
107
8. 4 ,
( ); Mean SD
o 42 (51.2%) 76.82 28.08
18 (22%)
9 (11%)
12 (14.6%)
o 1 (1.2%)
108
9. vov o
v o v v
4 o. , v
v v v o o
, v. 4 o, o
ov -
( v . Mean SD
. v
o/ vv; 1 (1.2%) 28 (34.1%) 23 (28%) 19 (23.2%) 8 (9.8%) 3 (3.7%) 56.58 23.05
. o v;
30
0 4 (4.9%) 11 (13.4%) 33 (40.2%) (36.6%) 4 (4.9%) 64.63 18.4
. v o o vo/v oo, 20 30
o o v oo v ; 2 (2.4%) 4 (4.9%) 6 (7.3%) 20 (24.4%) (24.4%) (36.6%) 74.63 25.92
. v 16
v; 0 16 (19.5%) 21 (25.6%) 26 (31.7%) (19.5%) 3 (3.7%) 47.56 22.63
. 20
v; 4 (4.9%) 9 (9.8%) 19 (23.2%) 28 (34.1%) (24.4%) 3 (3.7%) 54.87 23.68
. v 25
o; 2 (2.6%) 5 (6.5%) 4 (5.2%) 11 (14.3%) 30 (39%) (32.5%) 76.82 25.03
. v v;
29 11
0 11 (13.4%) 11 (13.4%) 20 (24.4%) (35.4%) (13.4%) 64.39 24.7
. vo/
v; 3 (3.7%) 22 (26.8%) 27 (32.9%) 21 (25.6%) 7 (8.5%) 2 (2.4%) 56.82 22.1
. v o;
20
2 (2.4%) 19 (23.2%) 16 (19.5%) 25 (30.5%) (24.4%) 0 50.24 23.35
109
10. 4 o, o ov v
ovv (.. o,
v,.) o
v o; ( vv o) Mean SD
v 8 (9.8%) 69.15 25.29
o o 7 (8.5%)
o 10 (12.2%)
22 (26.8%)
o 35 (42.7%)
11. I I v o ov/ v ov v
; Mean SD
. o v v o o o
vo 78.57 27.42
8 (9.8%) 7 (8.5%) 10 (12.2%) 22 (26.8%) 35 (42.7%)
. o o o o vo o
65.26 24.72
16 (19.5%) 28 (34.1%) 26 (31.7%) 10 (12.2%) 2 (2.4%)
. v o o
71.10 30.09
7 (8.5%) 8 (9.8%) 18 (22%) 34 (41.5%) 15 (18.3%)
. o v
63.64 28.26
15 (18.3%) 34 (41.5%) 18 (22%) 8 (9.8%) 7 (8.5%)
110
1. : Mean SD
5 (6.5%) 67.37 18.85

35 (45.5%)
32 (41.6%)
4 (5.2%)
1 (1.3%)
2. . ; Mean SD
10 (13%) 54,22 21,99
6 (7,8%)
49 (63,6%)
11 (14,3%)
1 (1,3%)
111
3. o ov o v v v
vv . v ,
o ; v v, o; , ,
( vv ). ,
I Mean SD
. o , o o, o v 8 (10.4%) 41 (53.5%) 28 (36.4%) 62.99 31.83
vvv, o v
. v , v v o, o
o o, o o v o v 0 13 (16.9%) 64 (83.1%) 91.56 18.85
v
. v v v v o 2 (2.6%) 19 (24.7%) 56 (72.7%) 85.06 25.73
. v vv 3 (3.9%) 23 (29.9%) 51 (66.2%) 81.17 28.14
. v vv 3 (3.9%) 11 (14.3%) 63 (81.8%) 88.96 25.16
. o o o, o ov o o 5 (6.5%) 25 (32.5%) 47 (61%) 77.27 30.93
. v o v o 4 (5.2%) 17 (22.1%) 56 (72.7%) 83.77 28.61
. v ov 0 8 (10.4%) 69 (89.6%) 94.81 15.36

0 6 (7.8%) 71 (92.2%) 96.10 13.49
. v o
. v v vo v vv 0 6 (7.8%) 71 (92.2%) 96.10 13.49
112
4. 4 o, ov - o
o vv v - o
o, MEAN SD
;( vv ).
.
18 (23.4%) 59 (76.6%) 76.62 42.60
;
.
25 (32.5%) 52 (67.5%) 67.53 47.13
. o o v ov
29 (37.7%) 48 (62.3%) 62.34 48.77
. v o (
, o) 27 (35.1%) 50 (64.9%) 64.94 48.03
5. 4 , ov - o
o vv v - o
o oooo vo oo (.., MEAN SD
v o o);
. o v o o 19 (24.7%) 58 (75.3%) 75.32 43.39
. 33 (42.9%) 44 (57.1%) 57.14 49.81
. v o o o ' 29 (37.7%) 48 (62.3%) 62.33 48.77

113
6. 4 o, oo
o v o vv
ovv v oov, o o, o ov
ovv o;
( vv o)
Mean SD
16 (20.8%) 64.61 25.44
25 (32.5%)
26 (33.8%)
8 (10.4%)
o 2 (2.6%)
7. 4 ;
Mean SD
13 (16.9%) 50.38 38.05
24 (31.3%)
0
o 11 (14.3%)
vovo 11 (14.3%)
o vovo 18 (23.4%)
114
8. 4 ,
( ); Mean SD
o 35 (45.5%) 70.77 33.54
17 (22.1%)
7 (9.1%)
13 (16.9%)
o 5 (6.5%)
115
9. vov o
v o v v
4 o. ,
v v v v o o
, v. 4 o, o
ov -( v . Mean SD
. v
3 (3.9%) 27 (35.1%) 0 13 (16.9%) 8 (10.4%) 26 (33.8%) 40.77 36.04
o/ vv;
17
. o v; 3 (3.9%) 10 (13%) 11 (14.3%) 28 (36.4%) 8 (10.4%) 58.18 25.78
(22.1%)
. v o o vo/v oo. 28
1 (1.3%) 4 (5.2%) 6 (7.8%) 14 (18.2%) 24 (31.2%) 75.32 24.03
o o v oo v ; (36.4%)
. v 11
3 (3.9%) 27 (35.1%) 0 16 (20.8%) 20 (26%) 43.32 34.34
v; (14.3%)
.
6 (7.8%) 27 (35.1%) 0 19 (24.7%) 9 (11.7%) 16 (20.8%) 48.05 34.22
v;
. v
2 (2.6%) 5 (6.5%) 4 (5.2%) 11 (14.3%) 30 (39%) 25 (32.5%) 75.58 25.67
o;
19
. v v; 1 (1.3%) 8 (10.4%) 10 (13%) 29 (37.7%) 62.59 23.91
(24.7%)
. vo/
5 (6.5%) 20 (26%) 0 20 (26%) 8 (10.4%) 24 (31.2%) 39.74 34.71
v;
15
. v o; 5 (6.5%) 12 (15.6%) 15 (19.5%) 29 (37.7%) 1 (1.3%) 50.38 23.97
(19.5%)
116
10. 4 o. o ov v
ovv (.. o.
v..) o
v o; ( vv o) Mean SD
v 1 (1.3%) 69.15 25.92
o o 7 (9.1%)
o 23 (29.9%)
24 (31.2%)
o 22 (28.6%)
11. I I v o ov/ v ov v
; Mean SD
. o v v o o o
vo 78,57 27,42
3 (3,9%) 5 (6,5%) 8 (10,4%) 23 (29,9%) 38 (49,9%)
. o o o o vo o
65,26 24,72
14 (18,2%) 32 (41,6%) 19 (24,7%) 11 (14,3%) 1 (1,3%)
. v o o
71,10 30,09
3 (3,9%) 10 (13%) 14 (18,2%) 19 (24,7%) 31 (40.3%)
. o v
63,64 28,26
13 (16,9%) 38 (49,4%) 8 (10,4%) 14 (18,2%) 4 (5,2%)
117

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.

, , (Pati, Chandrawanhi &

, , (Pati et al., 2001).

(Pati et al., 2001).

, 24% (Presser, Gornick & Parashar, 2008).

(Pati et al., 2001).

(Pati et al., 2001).

" " (Hennig, Kieferdorf, Moritz, Huwe & Netter,

(McElroy et al., 2006; Davis

& Mirick, 2006).

(Zhu, Hjollund, Boggid & Olsen, 2003).

(Aanonsen,1958; Eranko (1957); Thiis-

Evensen, 1949 as cited in Colquhoun, Costa, Folkard & Knauth, 1996).

13 1956 1968 8603

(Taylor & Pocock, 1972). ,

1981 as cited in Baker, Roach, Ferguson & Dawson, 2004). ,

( Knauth & Costa, 1993).

(Schmieder & Smith, 1996).

22% (Presser, 2000;

White & Keith, 1990 as cited in , 2009).

(Costa & Knauth, 1996).

, (Gadbois, 1984 as cited in Costa &

Roehling Moen (2001) 3000

(Demerouti, Geurts, Bakker,

(Costa & Knauth, 1996).

(Arnold, Silvester, Cooper, & Robertson, 2005

(Greenberg & Baron, 2008).

(Robins & Judge , 2013). , Fido Ghali (2008)

(DiMatteo & Martin,2012). , Peter et al.

(1998) 5720 19-70

(Robins & Judge , 2013).

Salancik Pfeffer (1977)

(Karanikola et al., 2006).

(Taylor et al., 1997 as cited in , 2009).

Cronbach = .89. Cronbach s alpha

Satisfaction Inventory ESI) (Koustelios & Bagiatis, 1997) ( ' ).

: .80, .67, .67,

.71, .82, .62. ( & ,

2001). Cronbach' s .87

.77, .76, .71, .79, .90,

10 (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)

Cronbach' s .93. Cronbach' s

4 Cronbach' s .95 (13, 14, 15, 16),

Cronbach' s .92 (17, 18, 19).

Cronbach' s .71 ( ').

4 (23, 27, 29, 31) Cronbach'

5 (24, 25, 26, 28, 30).

Cronbach' s .81 ( ').

Cronbach' s .92 (21, 22).

Cronbach' s .72 ( ').

(1, 33, 34, 35, 36) Cronbach' s .80.

Pappa, Kontodimopoulos & Niakas (2010).

( ', ', ', ' ', )

( ', ', ', ' ', ) Google

Multivariate Analysis of variance

(F(1, 157)= .27, p> .05) ( 3).

" " 35%. "

" " "

" 36,4 % ( ').

"" p< .05.

(F=1,157)= 38.65 , p<

.001 (. 2) , (F=1,157) = 6.97 p< .05 ( 2)

(F=1,157) = 9.22, p< .05 (.2) .

SF-36 . Levene' s ( ')