Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
List of WHO Standard Acupuncture Nomenclature
12 Regular or Main Meridians
1. LU Lung ()
2
2. LI Large Intestine ()
3. ST Stomach ()
4. SP Spleen ()
5. HT Heart ()
6. SI Small Intestine ()
7. BL Bladder ()
8. KI Kidney ()
9. PC Pericardium ()
10. SJ or TE San Jiao or Triple Energizer ()
11. GB Gall Bladder ()
12. LR Liver ()
SanJiao
or Triple
Energizer
2
Functions
1. Form a network in which the
Qi and Blood circulate.
3
The 6 Hand Meridians
Hand 3 Yin () Meridians:
Hand Taiyin Lung (LU)
Hand Jueyin Pericardium (PC)
Hand Shaoyin Heart (HT)
4
Qi flows from one meridian to another. It starts from the LU meridian and ends
at the LR meridian. Flow in each meridian takes one Chinese Time Space .
5
Meridian Qis Flow Directions
Hand 3 Yin Meridians
Qi flow from body to hand.
Leg
g 3 Yin Meridians
Qi flow from foot to body.
,
,
,
,
6
The Description of Meridians / Acupoint Locations
1st Method
The Language of Anatomy
S
Special
i l tterminology
i l iis used
d tto preventt
misunderstanding
Exact terms are used for:
Position
Direction
Regions
Structures
7
Body Landmarks
Anterior
8
Body Landmarks
Posterior
Body Planes
9
Body Cavities
Abdominopelvic Quadrants
10
Abdominopelvic Regions
11
Skeleton (Bones)
12
Superficial Muscles: Posterior
2nd Method
Body Proportional Measurement
13
3rd Method
Finger Measurement
Body Inch or body cun is based on the
measurement of the patients fingers as
shown in this thousand year old bronze
acupuncture model.
14
Lung
LU
Functions:
Control respiration and is responsible for the intake of clear Qi.
Governs the surface of the body,y hair and skin.
Opens into the nose.
Most external organ.
Can be injured by Grief.
15
Large
Intestine
LI
16
Organs linked to the Large Intestine Meridian:
Large intestine, mouth, teeth, nose, shoulder, lung and
skin.
Function:
Removes food and drink from the Small Intestine.
Reabsorbs a proportion of the fluids and excretes the stools.
Digestive function: Helps to digest foods and fluids.
Fluid balance.
Epistaxis=nosebleed
17
Stomach
ST
Function:
Controls the ripening and rotting of food.
Controls the transportation of food essence.
Controls descending Qi.
Origin of fluids.
Influence on mental states.
18
Spleen
SP
19
Organs linked to the Spleen Meridian:
Pancreas, stomach, immune system, allergic reaction.
Functions:
Governs transformation and transportation.
Controls the blood.
Controls the muscles and four limbs.
O
Opens into
i t the
th mouthth and
d manifests
if t iin th
the lips.
li
Controls the rising Qi.
Houses thought.
Main pathological changes:
Epigastric pain, abdominal distension, vomiting after eating food,
belching, loose stools, jaundice, lassitude, heaviness of limbs,
stiffness of the tongue,
g , coldness,, swellingg and p pain along
g the
meridian, motor impairment of the big toe, etc.
20
Heart
HT
Functions:
Governs all the other organs.
Regulates the flow of blood and Qi.
Stores and rules the mind, controls consciousness.
Opens to the tongue.
Controls sweat, influenced by Heat.
Influences sleep and dreams.
Can be injured by excess Joy or Agitation.
21
Small
Intestine
SI
22
Organs linked to the Small Intestine Meridian:
Small intestine, tongue, ear, thyroid, shoulder blade, heart.
Functions:
Controls receiving and transforming.
Separates fluid.
Effects on dream.
Relationship with heart.
23
Bladder
BL
Function:
Secretes and stores urine.
Close relationship with the kidneys
kidneys.
Transformation of fluids.
24
Kidney
KI
25
Organs linked to the Kidney Meridian:
Kidney, adrenal glands, urethra, prostate, testes, bones, lower back, bladder.
Function:
Stores Jing or Essence controls the Yang aspect of sexual potency.
Control birth, growth and reproduction.
Kidney energy is lost in old age.
Nourishes bones, joints and teeth.
Controls mental activity.
Rules Water and controls excretion of impurities.
Opens into the ear.
Main pathological changes:
Shortness of breath, dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis, dizziness, vertigo, dryness
of the tongue, sore throat, low back pain, frequent urination, enuresis,
spermatorrhea impotence,
spermatorrhea, impotence dysuria,
dysuria constipation or diarrhea,
diarrhea irregular
menstruation, pain of the lumbar spine or along the posterior-medial side of the
thigh, weakness of the lower limbs, feverish sensation of palms and soles, etc.
26
Pericardium
PC
Function:
To protect the heart.
Can be used as a gentle form of therapy for Heart or
f sedation.
for d ti
27
Triple
Energizer
TE
or
TB
or
SJ
28
Organs linked to the Triple Energizer Meridian:
Lymphatic Vessels, spleen, eye, ear, mammary ducts, tonsils,
immune system.
Function:
Control of the water circulation within the body.
y
Canthus=the angle formed by the meeting of the upper and lower eyelids at
either side of the eye.
Retroauricular=At the back of or relating to the sense of hearing or the
organs of hearing.
29
Gallbladder
GB
Function:
Connected with the Liver, stores Bile.
Psychological influence over dreams and decision making.
30
Liver
LR
31
Organs linked to the Liver Meridian:
Liver, eyes, muscles, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes.
Function:
Responsible for the movement of the body fluid.
Stores blood and has a direct influence on the menstrual cycle.
Nourishes the muscles and tendons.
Influences the condition of fingernails.
Closely linked with the eyes.
Said to influence the ability to plan ones life.
Governor Vessel GV
Conception Vessel CV
Thoroughfare Vessel TV
Belt Vessel BV
Yin Heel Vessel Yin HV
Yang Heel Vessel Yang HV
Yin Link Vessel Yin LV
Yang Link Vessel Yang LV
Function:
Governing, connecting and
regulating the 12 regular meridians.
32
Governor Vessel Meridian
Governor
Vessel
GV
33
Functions:
Sea of Yang meridians.
Regulate all Yang meridians.
Closely related to brain, spinal column and kidney.
Regulate spinal column, mental and productive
functions.
functions
34
Conception
Vessel
CV
Functions:
Sea of Yin meridians.
Regulate all Yin meridians.
Closely related to uterus, liver and kidney systems.
Control fertility, pregnancy and regulate menstruation.
35
The remaining 6 extra meridians
Thoroughfare Vessel
Functions:
"Sea of Blood, allows for
uninhibited circulation of
blood throughout the body.
"Sea of the Twelve Meridians",
flushes Qi and Blood through main
meridians.
Nourishes five viscera (Zang)
and six bowels (Fu).
Involved in both physical and
spiritual heart functions.
36
Thoroughfare
Vessel
TV
Belt Vessel
Functions:
Only horizontal channel in the body.
Binds channels at the waist.
Controls the muscles that support the
abdomen and lower back, waist and hips.
Links the Yin meridians on the front of the
abdomen with Yang meridians on the back.
Controls the shaoyang meridians.
37
Belt
Vessel
BV
Functions:
Regulate the opening of the eyes.
Balance Yang Qi in lower extremities.
Regulate the function of the brain
Help lift energy to the head.
38
Yang
Heel
Vessel
Yang HV
Functions:
Regulate the closing of the eyes.
Balance Yin Qi in lower extremities.
Regulate the function of the brain.
Help lift energy to the head.
39
Yin
Heel
Vessel
Yin HV
40
Yang
Link
Vessel
Yang LV
41
Yin
Link
Vessel
Yin LV
42
Meridian Tropism () and Meridian Guiding Action
of Chinese Medicinal Herbs or Meridian Herb
Meridian herb is the herb which can lead the herb
formula's energy go into the problem meridian
(channel) or problem Zang Fu" and help the
t t
treatment.
t
43
Select the acupoints along the meridians
The treatment of disease by acupuncture, moxibustion
and massage is usually done by needling or massaging
the acupoints proximal or distal to the affected part on
the meridians to regulate the functional activities of the
meridian qi and blood.
Example:
Select acupoints to
treat Lower Back Pain
Meridian
select BL meridian
44
Proximal acupoints
select points proximal to the affected part along the meridian
BL 22 to BL 26
Distal acupoints
select points distal to
the affected part along
the selected meridian
45
www.hongyihealthcare.com
46
Meridian Qigong Healing Method
47
For example,
the liver meridian
distributes over
the hypochondrium,
so hypochondriac
pain indicates
liver disease.
48
Some diseases show special
reaction points on certain
Acupoints; if tenderness appears
on these reaction points, it is very
helpful for diagnosis. ST 36
49
Checking your bodys
wellness by measuring the
conductivities of your
Meridians
With the
th patient
ti t seated
t d comfortably,
f t bl
proceed by placing the probe on the
12 Meridians Primary acupoints with a
consistent light but firm pressure.
50
There are 12 Primary Meridian Points in the 12 Meridians which
according to TCM classics are the most representative acupoints
of the 12 Meridians. They are:
51
SI 4 Wangu SJ 4 Yangchi LI 4 Hegu
On the ulnar edge of On the transverse On the dorsum of the
the palm, in the crease of the dorsum hand, between the 1st
depression between of the wrist between and 2nd metscarpal
the fifth metacarpal the tendons of bones.
bone and the hamate muscles extensor
and pisiform bones. digitorum and
extensor digiti minimi.
52
BL 64 Jinggu GB 40 Qiuxu ST 42 Chongyang
Below the tuberosity Anterior and On the dorsum of the
of the 5th metatarsal inferior to the foot, 1.5 cun inferior
bone at the junction lateral malleous in to ST41, in the
of the red and white a depression on depression between
skin. the lateral side of the second and third
the extensor metatarsals and
digitorum cuneiform bone.
longus tendon.
Healthy Graph:
Both left and right side are balance, overall average are
balance.
53
Unhealthy Graph:
Lung (LU) is imbalance, right side is higher then the left side.
Small Intestine (SI) is imbalance, left side is higher then the right side.
Kidney (KI) left and right side are balance but compare to the overall average it
is imbalance and it is on the low.
Interpretations: Lung (LU), Small Intestine (SI) and Kidney (KI) are not healthy.
Furthermore, KI is Xu (deficiency).
( y)
54
4. Small Disease of the small Weak intestine, poor
Intestine, intestine may affect digestion and
Small tongue, ear, digestion and absorption, susceptible
Intestine thyroid, absorption of food. to diseases, give rise to
shoulder Possibly bloated lower abdomen,
SI blade, heart hyperactive thyroid. diarrhea, hearing
Shoulder pain, neck difficulty
pain
5. Lymphatic
L h ti Disease off th
Di the Poor llymphatic
P h ti
Vessels, lymphatic circulation, toxic waste
San Jiao spleen, eye, circulation. Immune ccumulation in body,
SJ ear,
mammary
system under stress.
Eye or ear disease
low vitality, muscle
ache and pain, poor
ducts, tonsils, digestion and appetite,
immune bloated abdomen
system
66. Large
g Disease of the large
g Weak colon,,
intestine, intestine, constipation or
Large mouth, teeth, inflammation abnormal
Intestine nose, infection, ulcer, stool ,constitution,
shoulder, diarrhea or loose abdominal discomfort,
LI lung and skin stool, toothache, chronic shoulder pain,
mouth disease, lung and skin problem
shoulder pain. Can
lead to nutritional
imbalance
55
Bladder, eyes, Bladder problem, backache, Incontinence,
10. pituitary gland, leg cramp, sciatica, neck difficult in urination,
Bladder neck, back and pain, headaches, tears, eye susceptible to
posterior parts problem, brain disease, diseases, backache,
BL of legs, kidney epilepsy stiff neck, sciatica,
dull and numb
sensation in legs.
May lead to
hemorrhoids,
cerebral disease and
epilepsy
56