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ENGINEERING COLLEGE
TIRUCHIRAPALLI - 621213.
2. Give general guidelines for fixing spacing of roof trusses. (NOV/DEC 11)
The spacing between trusses is determined by the required column spacing and by
considerations of minimum cost for the structure as a whole. The usual economical spacing
ranges between 4 and 8m, with the lower limit for short truss spans and the higher limit for long
spans of about 30m or over.
3. With a neat sketch show the various components in a steel roof truss. (MAY/JUNE 12)
10. What are main benefits of using composite floors with profiled steel decking?
i. Savings in steel weight are typically 30% to 50% over non-composite Construction
ii. Greater stiffness of composite beams results in shallower depths for the same span.
Hence lower storey heights are adequate resulting in savings in cladding costs, reduction
in wind loading and savings in foundation costs.
iii. Faster rate of construction.
(i) Mechanism condition: The ultimate or collapse load is reached when a mechanism is
formed. The number of plastic hinges developed should be just sufficient to form a mechanism.
20. What are the different types of floors used in steel-framed buildings?
a) Concrete slabs supported by open-web joists?
b) One-way and two-way reinforced concrete slabs supported on steel beams
c) Concrete slab and steel beam composite floors
d) Profiled decking floors
e) Pre-cast concrete slab floors.
23. What are assumptions are made for arrangement of live load in the analysis of
frames?
a) Consideration is limited to combination of:
i) Design dead load on all spans with full design live load on two adjacent spans and
b) When design live load does not exceed three-fourths of the design dead load, the load
arrangement of design dead load and design live load on all the spans can be used.
1. Explain detail the steps involved in the design of channel purlin of a steel roof truss.
(MAY/JUNE 12)
Principal rafter
Purlins
Sheetings
Principal tie
Struts
Principal rafter
Principal rafter is the top chord member of the truss and is subjected to compressive forces
when the loads from purlins are transferred at the nodes.
Purlins
As far as possible purlins should be located on panel points of top chord members. However it
depends upon the type of roofing materials also. Generally the spacing of purlins varies from
1.35 to 2.0m.
Sheetings
Commonly used sheetings are GI and A.C.
GI sheets
Corrugated iron sheets are galvanized for protection against corrosion and are used as
roof coverings. The common sizes of GI sheets are:
8 corrugations, 75mm wide and 19mm deep which have overall width of 660mm.
10 corrugations, 75mm wide and 19mm deep, which have overall width of 810mm.
Section is classified.
The girder is checked for moment capacity.
Local moment carrying capacity of the girder is checked.
The girder is checked for buckling resistance.
The section is checked for shear capacity.
Buckling of the web under wheel load is checked.
The girder is checked for bearing.
Rivets/bolts or welds connecting the channel to the I section are designed.
Deflection of the gantry girder is checked.
The girder is checked for fatigue strength.
The bracket and the connection with column are designed.