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Goodness/Humaneness
Translated from the word jen or ren, goodness or humaneness is frequently presented in the text as a virtue
attained by knowledge and the observation of ritual. It is important to note that the term does not simply mean
"good," but speaks to a moral character and attitude that few can hope to possess. It is a complex term outlining
a nearly divine presence. As such its attainment can take a lifetime to acquire and years of practiced polishing
and re-polishing of one's values and character.
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Learning
The Analects places an importance on learning but this should not be mistaken for education in the formal
sense. While a formal education was certainly valuable, the text seems to place a stress on the continued pursuit
of knowledge and wisdom as a means of constantly bettering oneself. Perhaps most egregious in Confucius's
eyes was the assumption of knowledge. Confucius is recorded as making several statements on the importance
of learning and how a love of learning is one of the hallmark characteristics of the "gentleman".
Filial Piety
Filial piety, or Hsiao/Xiao, is discussed at some length in The Analects. Confucius saw a duty to one's parents and
ancestors as instrumental in the cultivation of virtue and as in accordance with ritual. It is important to note that
this duty was not seen merely as a standard social obligation that had to be carried, however grudgingly.
Confucius makes note that anyone can ensure that one's parents have enough food to eat with the same level
of attention and care that they may pay to a horse or pet. In dealing with one's parents, lial duty was expected
to be carried out with true intent and concern.
Government
The Analects devotes a good deal of discussion to the topic of government. During Confucius's time much of
the power previously limited to kings had become decentralized and was usurped by smaller feudal lords.
Confucius advocated for governance through benevolence and placed a great deal of weight on ruling by what
was right. A ruler would have to be cognizant of past rituals and traditions but also lead people by example. He
should not act out of personal or political gain but instead advocate only for what would be best for his people.
Confucius traveled to other kingdoms in the hope of spreading his teachings but did not see their
implementation anywhere he went.
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chapter 2 To Repay Evil With Kindness Is The Sign ABOUT THE STORY
Of A Generous Character, To Repay
I'm not sure what your question is here. Sorry, you will have to quote part of the
Kindness With Evil Is The Sign Of A
Asked by ethan c #560368 paragraph as my copy may not match
Criminal
Answered by Aslan 5 months ago your text.
10/5/2016 1:41 AM What is your question? Asked by mika e #557543
Asked by Christ Shaine D #558024 Answered by Aslan 5 months ago
Answered by jill d #170087 5 months ago 9/28/2016 2:11 AM
9/28/2016 7:12 PM
Book I. Hsio R.
Book II. Wei Chang.
Book III. Pa Yih.
Book IV. Le Jin.
Book V. Kung-Ye Ch'ang.
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