MINERAL

A dietary mineral is any inorganic chemical element in its ionic form, excluding carbon,
nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, present in all body tissues and fluids, that is required for the
maintenance of certain physiologic and biochemical processes essential to life. These processes
include energy generation, enzyme production, structural functions, circulation of fluids, muscle
and nerve function, digestion, and hormone production. Minerals may be classified as macro or
micro elements (Soetan, Olaiya & Oyewole, 2010).

MACROMINERALS

Simpson, B. (2012). Food biochemistry and food processing (2nd ed.).Oxford, UK: John Wiley
& Sons.

Soetan, K.O., Olaiya, C.O. & Oyewole, O.E. (2010). The importance of mineral elements for
humans, domestic animals and plants: A review. African Journal of Food Science 4(5), 200-222.