AS CHEMISTRY UNIT 2 - PIGUY

GROUPS 1&2
>>REVISION>>
 FLAME TESTS
Mg WHITE

Li RED
Ca BRICK RED

Na ORANGE

Sr CRIMSON RED
K LILAC

Ba APPLE COX GREEN

Rb RED-VIOLET

Mg(s) + O2 (g) 2MgO(s)

Cs BLUE
Ba & Sr also form peroxides (e.g. BaO2)

electron is promoted to higher

energy level by heat; when it e-

drops down, energy is given off

as light
GROUP II REACTIONS
Mg doesnt react with H2O (l)
CaCl2(s) +
Be / BeO doesnt react with
either H2O (l) or (g)
2H2O (l)

+ Cl2 (aq)
Ca(s) + dil. 2HCl
+ 2H2O (l)

CaCl2(s)
+ H2O(l) + H2O (g) Ca(OH)2 (s)
+ H2 (g)
+ dil. 2HCl + H2O (l)

CaO(s) + H2 (g)
 T H E R M A L S TA B I L I T Y
GROUP I & II
TRENDS C-O BOND
EASIER TO
M g 2+
down the group the solubility of BREAK
O-
sulphates decrease
hydroxides increase O C
O -
down the group the thermal
stability of nitrates and
carbonates increase
Smaller positive ion means
O- B a 2+
greater charge density O C
Increase in ability to pull the O,
weakening the C-O bond, O -
so less thermal energy required
AS CHEMISTRY UNIT 2 - PIGUY

GROUP 7
>>REVISION>>
 PROPERTIES
PROPERTIES OF
OF HALIDES
GROUP VII ELEMENTS
GOOD REDUCING AGENTS
GOOD OXIDISING AGENTS C l -> B r - > I - S O D I S P L A C E M E N T O C C U R S
I2 > Br2 > Cl2
2KBr + Cl2 (aq) 2KCl + Br2 (aq)
Cl2 PA L E G R E E N G A S

in PA L E G R E E N S O L U T I O N
solution with
AgNO
AgCl AgBr AgI

Br2 DARK RED LIQUID colour

white cream yellow
in of ppt.
ORANGE SOLUTION
solution
dissolves dil. conc.
in
-
I2 GREY SOLID NH NH
in PURPLE SOLUTION
solution sunlight
2AgCl (s) 2Ag + Cl2
* I O D I N E O N LY D I S S O LV E S I N N O N -
POLAR SOLUTIONS, NOT WATER
GROUP VII ELEMENT REACTIONS

halogens act as oxidising agents e.g.

2Fe + 3Cl2 (aq) 2FeCl3

DOWN THE GROUP THEIR LESS GOOD AT OXIDISING

SO IODINE GOES:
Fe + I2 FeI2

DISPROPORTIONATION

2NaOH (aq) + Cl2 (aq) hot

NaCl + NaClO + H2O

6NaOH(aq) + 3Cl2 (aq) cold

5NaCl + NaClO3 + 3H2O
GROUP VII IONS REACTIONS

halides act as reducing agents e.g.

H 2S O 4 R E D O X ( D O E S N T W O R K F O R C l -)

2Br- Br2 + 2e-

H2SO4 + 2H+ + 2e- SO2 + 2H2O

* O N LY F O R
H2SO4 + 8H+ + 8e- H2S + 4H2O IODIDE
EGG SMELL

HYDROGEN HALIDE REACTIONS

HCl (g) + NH3 (aq) NH4Cl (aq) WHITE SMOKE

HCl (g)+ H2O (l) H3O+ + Cl-

YOURE
DONE WITH
INORGANIC
CHEMISTRY
REVISION!