1.

Sense of Coherence- The landscape can be visually organized and logically divided
into physical units that the viewer already understand.

Characteristics

Use consistency bedline patterns in an order or design framework

Use symmetrical or asymmetrical to create balance
Make large space into smaller, mentally manageable areas according to proportion
and scale
Use repetition of landscape plants and features

Case study; Promenade of light, UK

The promenade of light is design by Tonkin Liu. It is designed for celebration of walking,
and of the community.

In this picture, we can see that the placement of the design is in one row and in a straight.
This allow the place look more symmetry. The constant use of the same plants species creates
a more coherent environment. In the picture, there 3 types of colour used which is yellow, red
and orange. The stone rings designed to protect each tree and make them special.

2. Sense of complexity- The landscape grab the viewer attention with a balance texture,
colour, form, and size variety.
Characteristics

Complexity is emphasize through the use of variations of colour, texture, shape, and
size through the use of high contrasting elements such as plants, paving and
architectural details.
Add complex sculpture as a hardscape
Use different types of plants species
Use different scale and proportion

Case study; Weston two, NC

It is designed by Bland Landscaping Co. Inc. It focus on creating a

beautiful landscape that suite the commercial building.

The picture shown above is a landscape for a commercial building. The landscape uses
various types of plants, varieties of colours and textures to create a sense of complexity.
However, we also can see that there repetition of plants, colour and texture in order to be
show complexity in a more subtle manner.
 3. Sense of legibility- A legible landscape is readable and safe. A visitor will feel
welcome to explore and is equality confident that he or she won't get lost.

Characteristics

Arrange elements in order

Use repetition in design
Line up the edges between patterns and space
Use a unique colour, shaped, texture, or form to be make it stand out
Use stone steps to give direction
Use one specific colour as a pavement to a specific location
Use gates to create a more welcoming atmosphere

Case study; Bunker 599

Bunker 599 makes people look at their surroundings in a new way. The project lays bare two
secrets of the New Dutch Waterline (NDW), a military line of defence in use from 1815 until
1940 protecting the cities from intentional flooding. Atelier de Lyon to make this unique part
of Dutch history accessible and tangible for a wide variety of visitors. Paradoxically, after the
intervention Bunker 599 became a Dutch national monument.

In this image we can see the landscape uses the stair to show a path. The stairs also aligned
on one focal which makes visitor to know the direction they are going. Furthermore, the stairs
uses a white so that it will stand out from the grass in order not to confuse which direction to
go.
 4. Sense of mystery- the landscape that trigger curiosity in visitors and making them
wants to explore.

Characteristics

The landscape should be in order

The landscape should use screening elements that limit views
Use bends that result from the flow of rhythmic path or bedlines
Add an arbor at its entrance
Add architecture fragments

Case study; Rose garden pathway

An idea of a rose garden pathway to make people wanting to explore.

In this landscape it use entice as a pathway, which creates curiosity where the path leads to.
The brick column is arrange in a way that it limit a person which can trigger him or her to
continue walking on the pathway.
 5. Sense of fascination- A landscape that contain a wealth of natural attributes that
provide fascinating mental and vision diversion.

Characteristics

The landscape should use bright colour, intricate details and wildlife viewing that can
catch the viewer's eyes and enhance the focused and energizing concentration.
Use rhythmic patterns for contrasting
Use flower curves to generate sense of fascination
Use water elements to enhance the sense of fascination

Case study; Long and winding road

A Long and winding road that surrounded by beautiful flowers that create a fascination in
people.

From this landscape, the looks like out of another world. The use orange colour plants catch
the eyes of viewer. The elements in this design are harmonious although there are different
textures. The elements in this landscape complement one another on terms of colour, shape
and arrangement. This can make viewer feel calm and peaceful.

6. Sense of escape -A careful designed landscape that provide people an escape route
mentally and physically whenever there are stress.
Characteristics

A landscape should be organised to make it pleasing to look at

The landscape should use repeat elements in order to create continuity and setting
The landscape also should use emphasis in their design on specific element
The landscape should have one focal point best is direct view from a window
Use colourful elements
A place of rest such as benches

Case study; Lee Hill Farm

The planting design for this project was meant to evoke the spirit of the original garden by
using more interesting and thoughtful placement.

In this landscape, the plants and trees are arranged in order. There is a bench is placed where
the view can view the surrounding landscape. The bushes and flower beds are place around
the benches to be able to make visitor in a different world whenever they sit on the bench.
 7. Sense of compatibility- a landscape that able to achieve humans' personal needs and
expectation with comfort.

Characteristics

Space use properly proportioned scaled spaces that allow a person to feel safe and
allow him or her to personalized the space
Use overhead awnings as shelter from terrible weather condition
Provide table and chair for comfort
Provide street light around the garden

Case study; Wheeling Park District

The park is open for people to exercise, fitness events and for children and adults to enjoy
and healthy at the same time.

This park provide capability. There is a playground to allow children to play and benches are
provided nearby to allow parents to rest and observe their children. There is shelter provided
to give coverage to people from undesirable weather conditions.
 8. Sense of place- Landscape that have a special ambiance in people.

Characteristics

Use sculpture that dedicated to historical events

Use water elements to such as water fountain
Use variety of plants, texture and colours
Provide tables, chairs and any other creature comforts found in a house
Make sure elements are arranged in order

Case study; Hawaii Convention Centre

Hawaii Convention Centre committed to creating memories to last a lifetime build on a

foundation of harmony and integrity. It also want to enhance the quality of life for all who
live there.

In this landscape the plants are arranged in order and there is a statue created to dedicated to
history figure. Visitors will be able to learn and also be reminded them of the history events
which create a sense of place.
 9. Sense of smell- a landscape that provide fragrance to the surrounding which attract
people and animals.

Characteristics

Make sure the planting design has some fragrant blooms located in ideal spots for
people to experience.
Placement is critical, next to front doors, open windows, porches and patios are the
best places; not at the back side of the large shrub border yards away from where
anyone will go.
Use herbs, with strong fragrant foliage.
A place simple fire ring or small wood burning fire pit creates a strong smell in an
outdoor space that might bring back memories of campfires

Case study; tiny street art

The tiny street art is used to remind people of each of their unique life whenever they visit.

In this picture the plants are place along the stairs. They are not hidden which allow people to
experience it. Each pots have different type of plants which provide different smells which
can enhanced their memory. It is quite useful for people that are blind to know where they
are.
 10. Sense of sound- Landscape that have sound around its atmosphere directly or
indirectly.

Characteristics

Use plants that are able to create sound with wind such as Aspens, Golden Rain Trees
and some grasses.
Use wind chime to provide a beautiful sound
Use sculpture with element of sound
Use pathway that crunches underfoot
Provide beautiful insect to attract buzzing insects
Use water element like a fountain or waterfall

Case study; Spring Garden

Spring garden is used to create a more soothing and peaceful feeling as well as enhancing it
with its beauty.

In this landscape use an artificial waterfall to create a soothing sound. The use of purple
shrubs attracts insect such as butterfly and bees and also indirectly provide sound. Fishes can
be rare in this small pond which also provide a 'gulping' sound upon the water. When the
wind blow, it also a 'swish' sound due to the trees and shrubs.