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MC68HC08QT4
MC68HC08QY2
MC68HC08QT2
MC68HC08QY1
MC68HC08QT1
Data Sheet
M68HC08
Microcontrollers
MC68HC08QY4
Rev. 2
3/2010
freescale.com
MC68HC08QY4
MC68HC08QT4
MC68HC08QY2
MC68HC08QT2
MC68HC08QY1
MC68HC08QT1
Data Sheet
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the most current. Your printed copy may be an earlier revision. To verify you have the latest information
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Freescale Semiconductor 3
Revision History
The following revision history table summarizes changes contained in this document. For your
convenience, the page number designators have been linked to the appropriate location.
Revision History
Revision Page
Date Description
Level Number(s)
October,
N/A Initial release N/A
2005
1.7 Unused Pin Termination Added new section 20
Chapter 4 Auto Wakeup Module (AWU) Updated section 45
12.2 Unused Pin Termination Replaced note with new section 97
October, 13.7.2 Stop Mode Corrected reference to BUSCLK4 to BUCLK2. 115
1
2006
16.5 5-V DC Electrical Characteristics New values for DC injection current
148
and ports Hi-Z leakage current.
16.8 3-V DC Electrical Characteristics New values for DC injection current
151
and ports Hi-Z leakage current.
March,
2 Clarify internal oscillator trim register information. 27, 90, 95
2010
4 Freescale Semiconductor
List of Chapters
Chapter 2 Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Freescale Semiconductor 5
List of Chapters
6 Freescale Semiconductor
Table of Contents
Chapter 1
General Description
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3 MCU Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.4 Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.5 Pin Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.6 Pin Function Priority. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.7 Unused Pin Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Chapter 2
Memory
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.2 Unimplemented Memory Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.3 Reserved Memory Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.4 Direct Page Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.5 Unused ROM Locations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.6 Random-Access Memory (RAM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.7 Read-Only Memory (ROM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Chapter 3
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC10) Module
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.3.1 Clock Select and Divide Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.3.2 Input Select and Pin Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3.3 Conversion Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3.3.1 Initiating Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3.3.2 Completing Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3.3.3 Aborting Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3.3.4 Total Conversion Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.3.4 Sources of Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.4.1 Sampling Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.4.2 Pin Leakage Error. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.4.3 Noise-Induced Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.4.4 Code Width and Quantization Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.3.4.5 Linearity Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.3.4.6 Code Jitter, Non-Monotonicity and Missing Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Freescale Semiconductor 7
Table of Contents
3.4 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.5 Low-Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.6 ADC10 During Break Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.7 I/O Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.7.1 ADC10 Analog Power Pin (VDDA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.7.2 ADC10 Analog Ground Pin (VSSA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.7.3 ADC10 Voltage Reference High Pin (VREFH). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.7.4 ADC10 Voltage Reference Low Pin (VREFL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.7.5 ADC10 Channel Pins (ADn). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.8 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.8.1 ADC10 Status and Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.8.2 ADC10 Result High Register (ADRH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.8.3 ADC10 Result Low Register (ADRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.8.4 ADC10 Clock Register (ADCLK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Chapter 4
Auto Wakeup Module (AWU)
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.4 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.5 Low-Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.6 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.6.1 Port A I/O Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.6.2 Keyboard Status and Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.6.3 Keyboard Interrupt Enable Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.6.4 Configuration Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.6.5 Configuration Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Chapter 5
Configuration Register (CONFIG)
5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
5.2 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Chapter 6
Computer Operating Properly (COP)
6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
6.2 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
6.3 I/O Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
6.3.1 BUSCLKX4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
6.3.2 STOP Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
6.3.3 COPCTL Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
8 Freescale Semiconductor
Table of Contents
Chapter 7
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
7.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
7.3 CPU Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
7.3.1 Accumulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
7.3.2 Index Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
7.3.3 Stack Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
7.3.4 Program Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
7.3.5 Condition Code Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
7.4 Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
7.5 Low-Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
7.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
7.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
7.6 CPU During Break Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
7.7 Instruction Set Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
7.8 Opcode Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Chapter 8
External Interrupt (IRQ)
8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
8.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
8.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
8.3.1 MODE = 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
8.3.2 MODE = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
8.4 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
8.5 Low-Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
8.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
8.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
8.6 IRQ Module During Break Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
8.7 I/O Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
8.7.1 IRQ Input Pins (IRQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
8.8 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Freescale Semiconductor 9
Table of Contents
Chapter 9
Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI)
9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
9.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
9.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
9.3.1 Keyboard Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
9.3.1.1 MODEK = 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
9.3.1.2 MODEK = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
9.3.2 Keyboard Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
9.4 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
9.5 Low-Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
9.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
9.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
9.6 KBI During Break Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
9.7 I/O Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
9.7.1 KBI Input Pins (KBIx:KBI0). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
9.8 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
9.8.1 Keyboard Status and Control Register (KBSCR). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
9.8.2 Keyboard Interrupt Enable Register (KBIER). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
9.8.3 Keyboard Interrupt Polarity Register (KBIPR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Chapter 10
Low-Voltage Inhibit (LVI)
10.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
10.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
10.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
10.3.1 Polled LVI Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
10.3.2 Forced Reset Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
10.3.3 LVI Hysteresis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
10.3.4 LVI Trip Selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
10.4 LVI Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
10.5 Low-Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
10.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
10.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
10.6 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Chapter 11
Oscillator Module (OSC)
11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
11.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
11.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
11.3.1 Internal Signal Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
11.3.1.1 Oscillator Enable Signal (SIMOSCEN). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
11.3.1.2 XTAL Oscillator Clock (XTALCLK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
11.3.1.3 RC Oscillator Clock (RCCLK). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
11.3.1.4 Internal Oscillator Clock (INTCLK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
10 Freescale Semiconductor
Table of Contents
Chapter 12
Input/Output Ports (PORTS)
12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
12.2 Unused Pin Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
12.3 Port A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
12.3.1 Port A Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
12.3.2 Data Direction Register A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
12.3.3 Port A Input Pullup Enable Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
12.3.4 Port A Summary Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
12.4 Port B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
12.4.1 Port B Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
12.4.2 Data Direction Register B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
12.4.3 Port B Input Pullup Enable Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
12.4.4 Port B Summary Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Chapter 13
System Integration Module (SIM)
13.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
13.2 RST and IRQ Pins Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
13.3 SIM Bus Clock Control and Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
13.3.1 Bus Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
13.3.2 Clock Start-Up from POR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
13.3.3 Clocks in Stop Mode and Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
13.4 Reset and System Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
13.4.1 External Pin Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
13.4.2 Active Resets from Internal Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Freescale Semiconductor 11
Table of Contents
Chapter 14
Timer Interface Module (TIM)
14.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
14.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
14.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
14.3.1 TIM Counter Prescaler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
14.3.2 Input Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
14.3.3 Output Compare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
14.3.3.1 Unbuffered Output Compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
14.3.3.2 Buffered Output Compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
14.3.4 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
14.3.4.1 Unbuffered PWM Signal Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
14.3.4.2 Buffered PWM Signal Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
14.3.4.3 PWM Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
14.4 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
14.5 Low-Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
14.5.1 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
14.5.2 Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
14.6 TIM During Break Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
12 Freescale Semiconductor
Table of Contents
Chapter 15
Development Support
15.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
15.2 Break Module (BRK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
15.2.1 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
15.2.1.1 Flag Protection During Break Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
15.2.1.2 TIM During Break Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
15.2.1.3 COP During Break Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
15.2.2 Break Module Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
15.2.2.1 Break Status and Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
15.2.2.2 Break Address Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
15.2.2.3 Break Auxiliary Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
15.2.2.4 Break Status Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
15.2.2.5 Break Flag Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
15.2.3 Low-Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
15.3 Monitor Module (MON) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
15.3.1 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
15.3.1.1 Normal Monitor Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
15.3.1.2 Monitor Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
15.3.1.3 Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
15.3.1.4 Break Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
15.3.1.5 Baud Rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
15.3.1.6 Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
15.3.2 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Chapter 16
Electrical Specifications
16.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
16.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
16.3 Functional Operating Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
16.4 Thermal Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
16.5 5-V DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
16.6 Typical 5-V Output Drive Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
16.7 5-V Control Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
16.8 3-V DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
16.9 Typical 3-V Output Drive Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
16.10 3-V Control Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Freescale Semiconductor 13
Table of Contents
Chapter 17
Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications
17.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
17.2 MC Order Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
17.3 Package Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
14 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 1
General Description
1.1 Introduction
The MC68HC08QY4 is a member of the low-cost, high-performance M68HC08 Family of 8-bit
microcontroller units (MCUs). All MCUs in the family use the enhanced M68HC08 central processor unit
(CPU08) and are available with a variety of modules, memory sizes and types, and package types.
0.4
Table 1-1. Summary of Device Variations
ROM Analog-to-Digital Pin
Device
Memory Size Converter Count
MC68HC08QT1 1536 bytes 8 pins
MC68HC08QT2 1536 bytes 4 ch, 10 bit 8 pins
MC68HC08QT4 4096 bytes 4 ch, 10 bit 8 pins
MC68HC08QY1 1536 bytes 16 pins
MC68HC08QY2 1536 bytes 6 ch, 10 bit 16 pins
MC68HC08QY4 4096 bytes 6 ch, 10 bit 16 pins
1.2 Features
Features include:
High-performance M68HC08 CPU core
Fully upward-compatible object code with M68HC05 Family
5-V, 3-V, and 2-V operating voltages (VDD)
8-MHz internal bus operation at 5 V, 4-MHz at 3 V, 2-MHz at 2 V
Trimmable internal oscillator
Software selectable 1 MHz, 2 MHz, or 3.2 MHz internal bus operation
8-bit trim capability
25% untrimmed
Trimmable to approximately 0.4%(1)
Software selectable crystal oscillator range, 32100 kHz, 18 MHz and 832 MHz
Software configurable input clock from either internal or external source
Auto wakeup from STOP capability using dedicated internal 32-kHz RC or bus clock source
On-chip read-only memory (ROM)
On-chip random-access memory (RAM)
2-channel, 16-bit timer interface module (TIM)
Freescale Semiconductor 15
General Description
6-channel, 10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with internal bandgap reference channel
(ADC10)
Up to 13 bidirectional input/output (I/O) lines and one input only:
Six shared with KBI
Six shared with ADC
Two shared with TIM
One input only shared with IRQ
High current sink/source capability on all port pins
Selectable pullups on all ports, selectable on an individual bit basis
Three-state ability on all port pins
6-bit keyboard interrupt with wakeup feature (KBI)
Programmable for rising/falling or high/low level detect
Low-voltage inhibit (LVI) module features:
Software selectable trip point
System protection features:
Computer operating properly (COP) watchdog
Low-voltage detection with reset
Illegal opcode detection with reset
Illegal address detection with reset
External asynchronous interrupt pin with internal pullup (IRQ)
Master asynchronous reset pin with internal pullup (RST) shared with general-purpose input/output
(I/O) pin
Memory mapped I/O registers
Power saving stop and wait modes
MC68HC08QY4, MC68HC08QY2, and MC68HC08QY1 are available in these packages:
16-pin small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) package
16-pin thin shrink small outline package (TSSOP)
MC68HC08QT4, MC68HC08QT2, and MC68HC08QT1 are available in 8-pin SOIC packages
Features of the CPU08 include the following:
Enhanced HC05 programming model
Extensive loop control functions
16 addressing modes (eight more than the HC05)
16-bit index register and stack pointer
Memory-to-memory data transfers
Fast 8 8 multiply instruction
Fast 16/8 divide instruction
Binary-coded decimal (BCD) instructions
Optimization for controller applications
Efficient C language support
16 Freescale Semiconductor
Pin Assignments
PTA0/TCH0/AD0//KBI0
CLOCK
PTA1/TCH1/AD1/KBI1
GENERATOR
PTA2/IRQ/KBI2/TCLK
DDRA
PTA
PTA3/RST/KBI3
KEYBOARD INTERRUPT
PTA4/OSC2/AD2/KBI4 MODULE
PTA5/OSC1/AD3/KBI5
M68HC08 CPU SINGLE INTERRUPT
MODULE
PTB0/AD4
PTB1/AD5
PTB2 AUTO WAKEUP
PTB3 MODULE
DDRB
PTB
PTB4
PTB5 LOW-VOLTAGE
PTB6 INHIBIT
PTB7
2-CHANNEL 16-BIT
TIMER MODULE
MC68HC08QY4 MC68HC08QY4
128 BYTES 4096 BYTES
COP
USER RAM USER ROM MODULE
6-CHANNEL
10-BIT ADC
Freescale Semiconductor 17
General Description
18 Freescale Semiconductor
Pin Functions
Freescale Semiconductor 19
General Description
1. When a pin is to be used as an ADC pin, the I/O port function should
be left as an input and all other shared modules should be disabled.
The ADC does not override additional modules using the pin.
20 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 2
Memory
2.1 Introduction
The central processor unit (CPU08) can address 64 Kbytes of memory space. The memory map is shown
in Figure 2-1.
Freescale Semiconductor 21
Memory
$0000
DIRECT PAGE REGISTERS
64 BYTES
$003F
$0040
RESERVED
64 BYTES
$007F
$0080
RAM
128 BYTES
$00FF
$0100
UNIMPLEMENTED
60,160 BYTES
$EBFF
$EC00 $EE00
AUXILIARY ROM RESERVED
512 BYTES 2560 BYTES
$EDFF $F7FF
$EE00 $F800
ROM ROM
4096 BYTES 1536 BYTES
$FDFF $FDFF
$FE00
MISCELLANEOUS REGISTERS
32 BYTES
$FE1F
$FE20
MONITOR ROM
350 BYTES
$FF7D
$FF7E
UNIMPLEMENTED
50 BYTES
$FFAF
$FFB0
ROM
14 BYTES
$FFBD
$FFBE
MISCELLANEOUS REGISTERS
$FFC1
$FFC2
ROM
14 BYTES
$FFCF
$FFD0
USER VECTORS
48 BYTES
$FFFF
MC68HC08QT1, MC68HC08QT2,
MC68HC08QT4, MC68HC08QY4
MC68HC08QY1, and MC68HC08QY2
Memory Map
Memory Map
22 Freescale Semiconductor
Unused ROM Locations
Port B Data Register Read: PTB7 PTB6 PTB5 PTB4 PTB3 PTB2 PTB1 PTB0
$0001 (PTB) Write:
See page 100. Reset: Unaffected by reset
$0002
Reserved
$0003
Data Direction Register B Read: DDRB7 DDRB6 DDRB5 DDRB4 DDRB3 DDRB2 DDRB1 DDRB0
$0005 (DDRB) Write:
See page 101. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
$0006
Reserved
$000A
Port B Input Pullup Enable Read: PTBPUE7 PTBPUE6 PTBPUE5 PTBPUE4 PTBPUE3 PTBPUE2 PTBPUE1 PTBPUE0
$000C Register (PTBPUE) Write:
See page 102. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
$0006
Reserved
$000A
Freescale Semiconductor 23
Memory
Configuration Register 1 Read: COPRS LVISTOP LVIRSTD LVIPWRD LVITRIP SSREC STOP COPD
$001F (CONFIG1)(1) Write:
See page 52. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0(2) 0 0 0
1. One-time writable register after each reset.
2. LVITRIP reset to 0 by a power-on reset (POR) only.
TIM Counter Register High Read: Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8
$0021 (TCNTH) Write:
See page 128. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TIM Counter Register Low Read: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
$0022 (TCNTL) Write:
See page 128. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TIM Counter Modulo Read: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
$0024 Register Low (TMODL) Write:
See page 128. Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
TIM Channel 0 Read: Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8
$0026 Register High (TCH0H) Write:
See page 131. Reset: Indeterminate after reset
24 Freescale Semiconductor
Unused ROM Locations
TIM Channel 1 Read: Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8
$0029 Register High (TCH1H) Write:
See page 131. Reset: Indeterminate after reset
TIM Channel 1 Read: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
$002A Register Low (TCH1L) Write:
See page 131. Reset: Indeterminate after reset
$002B
Reserved
$0035
Oscillator Status and Read: OSCOPT1 OSCOPT0 ICFS1 ICFS0 ECFS1 ECFS0 ECGON
ECGST
$0036 Control Register (OSCSC) Write:
See page 94. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
$0037 Reserved
ADC10 Status and Control Read: COCO AIEN ADCO ADCH4 ADCH3 ADCH2 ADCH1 ADCH0
$003C Register (ADSCR) Write:
See page 40. Reset: 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
ADC10 Data Register Low Read: AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0
$003E (ADRL) Write: R R R R R R R R
See page 42. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ADC10 Clock Register Read: ADLPC ADIV1 ADIV0 ADICLK MODE1 MODE0 ADLSMP ACLKEN
$003F (ADCLK) Write:
See page 43. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented R = Reserved U = Unaffected
Freescale Semiconductor 25
Memory
SIM Reset Status Register Read: POR PIN COP ILOP ILAD MODRST LVI 0
$FE01 (SRSR) Write:
See page 116. POR: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Interrupt Status Register 1 Read: IF6 IF5 IF4 IF3 IF2 IF1 0 0
$FE04 (INT1) Write: R R R R R R R R
See page 75. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Interrupt Status Register 2 Read: IF14 IF13 IF12 IF11 IF10 IF9 IF8 IF7
$FE05 (INT2) Write: R R R R R R R R
See page 75. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Interrupt Status Register 3 Read: IF22 IF21 IF20 IF19 IF18 IF17 IF16 IF15
$FE06 (INT3) Write: R R R R R R R R
See page 75. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
$FE07 Reserved
Break Address High Read: Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8
$FE09 Register (BRKH) Write:
See page 136. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Break Address low Read: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
$FE0A Register (BRKL) Write:
See page 136. Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
26 Freescale Semiconductor
Unused ROM Locations
$FEBE
Reserved
$FEBF
Read:
Internal Oscillator Trim TRIM7 TRIM6 TRIM5 TRIM4 TRIM3 TRIM2 TRIM1 TRIM0
$FFC0 Write:
(Factory Programmed)
Reset: Resets to factory programmed value
$FFC1 Reserved
Freescale Semiconductor 27
Memory
The RAM retains data when the MCU is in low-power wait or stop mode. At power-on, the contents of
RAM are uninitialized. RAM data is unaffected by any reset provided that the supply voltage does not drop
below the minimum value for RAM retention.
For compatibility with older M68HC05 MCUs, the HC08 resets the stack pointer to $00FF. In the devices
that have RAM above $00FF, it is usually best to reinitialize the stack pointer to the top of the RAM so the
direct page RAM can be used for frequently accessed RAM variables and bit-addressable program
variables. Include the following 2-instruction sequence in your reset initialization routine (where RamLast
is equated to the highest address of the RAM).
28 Freescale Semiconductor
Read-Only Memory (ROM)
Consult Table 1-1. Summary of Device Variations for ROM memory sizes available and reference
Figure 2-1 for user program ROM locations.
Forty-eight bytes of user vectors, $FFD0$FFFF, are dedicated to user-defined reset and interrupt
vectors, not all 48 bytes are used as interrupt vectors for this device. See Table 2-1 for actual vectors used
on this MCU.
Security has been incorporated into the MC68HC08QY/QT Family to prevent external viewing of the ROM
contents. This feature ensures that customer-developed software remains proprietary. No security feature
is absolutely secure. However, Freescales strategy is to make reading or copying the ROM difficult for
unauthorized users.
Freescale Semiconductor 29
Memory
30 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 3
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC10) Module
3.1 Introduction
This section describes the 10-bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (ADC10).
The ADC10 module shares its pins with general-purpose input/output (I/O) port pins. See Figure 3-1 for
port location of these shared pins. The ADC10 on this MCU uses VDD and VSS as its supply and reference
pins. This MCU uses BUSCLKX4 as its alternate clock source for the ADC. This MCU does not have a
hardware conversion trigger.
3.2 Features
Features of the ADC10 module include:
Linear successive approximation algorithm with 10-bit resolution
Output formatted in 10- or 8-bit right-justified format
Single or continuous conversion (automatic power-down in single conversion mode)
Configurable sample time and conversion speed (to save power)
Conversion complete flag and interrupt
Input clock selectable from up to three sources
Operation in wait and stop modes for lower noise operation
Selectable asynchronous hardware conversion trigger
Freescale Semiconductor 31
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC10) Module
PTA0/TCH0/AD0//KBI0
CLOCK
PTA1/TCH1/AD1/KBI1
GENERATOR
PTA2/IRQ/KBI2/TCLK
DDRA
PTA
PTA3/RST/KBI3
KEYBOARD INTERRUPT
PTA4/OSC2/AD2/KBI4 MODULE
PTA5/OSC1/AD3/KBI5
M68HC08 CPU SINGLE INTERRUPT
MODULE
PTB0/AD4
PTB1/AD5
PTB2 AUTO WAKEUP
PTB3 MODULE
DDRB
PTB
PTB4
PTB5 LOW-VOLTAGE
PTB6 INHIBIT
PTB7
2-CHANNEL 16-BIT
TIMER MODULE
MC68HC08QY4 MC68HC08QY4
128 BYTES 4096 BYTES
COP
USER RAM USER ROM MODULE
6-CHANNEL
10-BIT ADC
32 Freescale Semiconductor
Functional Description
ADCSC ADCLK
AIEN
COCO
ADCO
MODE
ADLPC
ADLSMP
ADICLK
ADIV
COMPLETE
ASYNC
ACLKEN
ADCH
CLOCK
1 2 GENERATOR
ACLK
MCU STOP ADCK
CLOCK BUS CLOCK
ADHWT CONTROL SEQUENCER DIVIDE
ALTERNATE CLOCK SOURCE
SAMPLE
CONVERT
TRANSFER
ABORT
INITIALIZE
AD0
AIEN 1
INTERRUPT
ADVIN COCO 2
SAR CONVERTER
ADn
VREFH
DATA REGISTERS ADRH:ADRL
VREFL
Freescale Semiconductor 33
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC10) Module
clocks are too fast, then the clock must be divided to the appropriate frequency. This divider is specified
by the ADIV[1:0] bits and can be divide-by 1, 2, 4, or 8.
34 Freescale Semiconductor
Functional Description
Upon reset or when a conversion is otherwise aborted, the ADC10 module will enter a low power, inactive
state. In this state, all internal clocks and references are disabled. This state is entered asynchronously
and immediately upon aborting of a conversion.
The maximum total conversion time for a single conversion or the first conversion in continuous
conversion mode is determined by the clock source chosen and the divide ratio selected. The clock
source is selectable by the ADICLK and ACLKEN bits, and the divide ratio is specified by the ADIV bits.
For example, if the alternate clock source is 16 MHz and is selected as the input clock source, the input
clock divide-by-8 ratio is selected and the bus frequency is 4 MHz, then the conversion time for a single
10-bit conversion is:
NOTE
The ADCK frequency must be between fADCK minimum and fADCK
maximum to meet A/D specifications.
Freescale Semiconductor 35
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC10) Module
36 Freescale Semiconductor
Functional Description
Freescale Semiconductor 37
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC10) Module
3.4 Interrupts
When AIEN is set, the ADC10 is capable of generating a CPU interrupt after each conversion. A CPU
interrupt is generated when the conversion completes (indicated by COCO being set). COCO will set at
the end of a conversion regardless of the state of AIEN.
38 Freescale Semiconductor
I/O Signals
To protect status bits during the break state, write a 0 to BCFE. With BCFE cleared (its default state),
software can read and write registers during the break state without affecting status bits. Some status bits
have a two-step read/write clearing procedure. If software does the first step on such a bit before the
break, the bit cannot change during the break state as long as BCFE is cleared. After the break, doing the
second step clears the status bit.
Freescale Semiconductor 39
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC10) Module
3.8 Registers
These registers control and monitor operation of the ADC10:
ADC10 status and control register, ADCSC
ADC10 data registers, ADRH and ADRL
ADC10 clock register, ADCLK
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
COCO AIEN ADCO ADCH4 ADCH3 ADCH2 ADCH1 ADCH0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
40 Freescale Semiconductor
Registers
stop mode (if ACLKEN is clear), ADCLK is written, or until ADCSC is written again. If stop is entered
(with ACLKEN low), continuous conversions will cease and can be restarted only with a write to
ADCSC. Any write to ADCSC with ADCO set and the ADCH bits not all 1s will abort the current
conversion and begin continuous conversions.
If the bus frequency is less than the ADCK frequency, precise sample time for continuous conversions
cannot be guaranteed in short-sample mode (ADLSMP = 0). If the bus frequency is less than 1/11th
of the ADCK frequency, precise sample time for continuous conversions cannot be guaranteed in
long-sample mode (ADLSMP = 1).
When clear, the ADC10 will perform a single conversion (single conversion mode) each time ADCSC
is written (assuming the ADCH[4:0] bits do not decode all 1s).
1 = Continuous conversion following a write to ADCSC
0 = One conversion following a write to ADCSC
ADCH[4:0] Channel Select Bits
The ADCH[4:0] bits form a 5-bit field that is used to select one of the input channels. The input
channels are detailed in Table 3-2. The successive approximation converter subsystem is turned off
when the channel select bits are all set to 1. This feature allows explicit disabling of the ADC10 and
isolation of the input channel from the I/O pad. Terminating continuous conversion mode this way will
prevent an additional, single conversion from being performed. It is not necessary to set the channel
select bits to all 1s to place the ADC10 in a low-power state, however, because the module is
automatically placed in a low-power state when a conversion completes.
Table 3-2. Input Channel Select
ADCH4 ADCH3 ADCH2 ADCH1 ADCH0 Input Select(1)
0 0 0 0 0 AD0
0 0 0 0 1 AD1
0 0 0 1 0 AD2
0 0 0 1 1 AD3
0 0 1 0 0 AD4
0 0 1 0 1 AD5
0 0 1 1 0 Unused
Continuing through Unused
1 1 0 0 1 Unused
1 1 0 1 0 BANDGAP REF(2)
1 1 0 1 1 Reserved
1 1 1 0 0 Reserved
1 1 1 0 1 VREFH
1 1 1 1 0 VREFL
1 1 1 1 1 Low-power state
1. If any unused or reserved channels are selected, the resulting conversion will
be unknown.
2. Requires LVI to be powered (LVIPWRD = 0, in CONFIG1)
Freescale Semiconductor 41
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC10) Module
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0 0 0 0 0 0 AD9 AD8
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
42 Freescale Semiconductor
Registers
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
ADLPC ADIV1 ADIV0 ADICLK MODE1 MODE0 ADLSMP ACLKEN
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Freescale Semiconductor 43
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC10) Module
44 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 4
Auto Wakeup Module (AWU)
4.1 Introduction
This section describes the auto wakeup module (AWU). The AWU generates a periodic interrupt during
stop mode to wake the part up without requiring an external signal. Figure 4-1 is a block diagram of the
AWU.
BUSCLKX2 OVERFLOW
M E AWUIREQ
U R
EN 32 kHz X CLK
RST TO KBI INTERRUPT LOGIC
INT RC OSC (SEE Figure 9-2)
CLRLOGIC
RESET
CLEAR
ACKK
BUSCLKX2 CLK
RST
RESET
ISTOP
RESET
AWUIE
4.2 Features
Features of the auto wakeup module include:
One internal interrupt with separate interrupt enable bit, sharing the same keyboard interrupt vector
and keyboard interrupt mask bit
Exit from low-power stop mode without external signals
Selectable timeout periods
Dedicated low-power internal oscillator separate from the main system clock sources
Option to allow bus clock source to run the AWU if enabled in STOP
Freescale Semiconductor 45
Auto Wakeup Module (AWU)
4.4 Interrupts
The AWU can generate an interrupt request:
AWU Latch (AWUL) The AWUL bit is set when the AWU counter overflows. The auto wakeup
interrupt mask bit, AWUIE, is used to enable or disable AWU interrupt requests.
The AWU shares its interrupt with the KBI vector.
46 Freescale Semiconductor
Low-Power Modes
4.6 Registers
The AWU shares registers with the keyboard interrupt (KBI) module, the port A I/O module and
configuration register 2. The following I/O registers control and monitor operation of the AWU:
Port A data register (PTA)
Keyboard interrupt status and control register (KBSCR)
Keyboard interrupt enable register (KBIER)
Configuration register 1 (CONFIG1)
Configuration register 2 (CONFIG2)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0 AWUL PTA2
PTA5 PTA4 PTA3 PTA1 PTA0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 Unaffected by reset
= Unimplemented
Freescale Semiconductor 47
Auto Wakeup Module (AWU)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0 0 0 0 KEYF 0
IMASKK MODEK
Write: ACKK
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0
AWUIE KBIE5 KBIE4 KBIE3 KBIE2 KBIE1 KBIE0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
48 Freescale Semiconductor
Registers
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
IRQPUD IRQEN R R R R OSCENINSTOP RSTEN
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
COPRS LVISTOP LVIRSTD LVIPWRD LVITRIP SSREC STOP COPD
Write:
0 0 0 0 U 0 0 0
Reset: POR:
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
U = Unaffected
Freescale Semiconductor 49
Auto Wakeup Module (AWU)
COPRS (In Stop Mode) Auto Wakeup Period Selection Bit, depends on OSCSTOPEN in
CONFIG2 and bus clock source (BUSCLKX2).
1 = Auto wakeup short cycle = 512 (INTRCOSC or BUSCLKX2)
0 = Auto wakeup long cycle = 16,384 (INTRCOSC or BUSCLKX2)
SSREC Short Stop Recovery Bit
SSREC enables the CPU to exit stop mode with a delay of 32 BUSCLKX4 cycles instead of a 4096
BUSCLKX4 cycle delay.
1 = Stop mode recovery after 32 BUSCLKX4 cycles
0 = Stop mode recovery after 4096 BUSCLKX4 cycles
NOTE
LVISTOP, LVIRST, LVIPWRD, LVITRIP, and COPD bits are not used in
conjuction with the auto wakeup feature. To see a description of these bits,
see Chapter 5 Configuration Register (CONFIG)
50 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 5
Configuration Register (CONFIG)
5.1 Introduction
This section describes the configuration registers (CONFIG1 and CONFIG2). The configuration registers
enable or disable the following options:
Stop mode recovery time (32 BUSCLKX4 cycles or 4096 BUSCLKX4 cycles)
STOP instruction
Computer operating properly module (COP)
COP reset period (COPRS): 8176 BUSCLKX4 or 262,128 BUSCLKX4
Low-voltage inhibit (LVI) enable and trip voltage selection
Auto wakeup timeout period
Allow clock source to remain enabled in STOP
Enable IRQ pin
Disable IRQ pin pullup device
Enable RST pin
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
IRQPUD IRQEN R R R R OSCENINSTOP RSTEN
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 U
POR: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
R = Reserved U = Unaffected
Freescale Semiconductor 51
Configuration Register (CONFIG)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
COPRS LVISTOP LVIRSTD LVIPWRD LVITRIP SSREC STOP COPD
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 U 0 0 0
POR: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
U = Unaffected
52 Freescale Semiconductor
Functional Description
Freescale Semiconductor 53
Configuration Register (CONFIG)
54 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 6
Computer Operating Properly (COP)
6.1 Introduction
The computer operating properly (COP) module contains a free-running counter that generates a reset if
allowed to overflow. The COP module helps software recover from runaway code. Prevent a COP reset
by clearing the COP counter periodically. The COP module can be disabled through the COPD bit in the
configuration 1 (CONFIG1) register.
SIM MODULE
COP TIMEOUT
STOP INSTRUCTION
COPCTL WRITE
COP CLOCK
COP MODULE
6-BIT COP COUNTER
COPEN (FROM SIM)
COPD (FROM CONFIG1)
CLEAR
RESET COP COUNTER
COPCTL WRITE
Freescale Semiconductor 55
Computer Operating Properly (COP)
The COP counter is a free-running 6-bit counter preceded by the 12-bit system integration module (SIM)
counter. If not cleared by software, the COP counter overflows and generates an asynchronous reset after
262,128 or 8176 BUSCLKX4 cycles; depending on the state of the COP rate select bit, COPRS, in
configuration register 1. With a 262,128 BUSCLKX4 cycle overflow option, the internal 12.8-MHz
oscillator gives a COP timeout period of 20.48 ms. Writing any value to location $FFFF before an overflow
occurs prevents a COP reset by clearing the COP counter and stages 125 of the SIM counter.
NOTE
Service the COP immediately after reset and before entering or after exiting
stop mode to guarantee the maximum time before the first COP counter
overflow.
A COP reset pulls the RST pin low (if the RSTEN bit is set in the CONFIG2 register) for 32 BUSCLKX4
cycles and sets the COP bit in the reset status register (RSR). See 13.8.1 SIM Reset Status Register.
NOTE
Place COP clearing instructions in the main program and not in an interrupt
subroutine. Such an interrupt subroutine could keep the COP from
generating a reset even while the main program is not working properly.
6.3.1 BUSCLKX4
BUSCLKX4 is the oscillator output signal. BUSCLKX4 frequency is equal to the crystal frequency or the
RC-oscillator frequency.
56 Freescale Semiconductor
Interrupts
6.4 Interrupts
The COP does not generate CPU interrupt requests.
6.8 Register
The COP control register (COPCTL) is located at address $FFFF and overlaps the reset vector. Writing
any value to $FFFF clears the COP counter and starts a new timeout period. Reading location $FFFF
returns the low byte of the reset vector.
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: LOW BYTE OF RESET VECTOR
Write: CLEAR COP COUNTER
Reset: Unaffected by reset
Freescale Semiconductor 57
Computer Operating Properly (COP)
58 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 7
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
7.1 Introduction
The M68HC08 CPU (central processor unit) is an enhanced and fully object-code-compatible version of
the M68HC05 CPU. The CPU08 Reference Manual (document order number CPU08RM/AD) contains a
description of the CPU instruction set, addressing modes, and architecture.
7.2 Features
Features of the CPU include:
Object code fully upward-compatible with M68HC05 Family
16-bit stack pointer with stack manipulation instructions
16-bit index register with x-register manipulation instructions
8-MHz CPU internal bus frequency
64-Kbyte program/data memory space
16 addressing modes
Memory-to-memory data moves without using accumulator
Fast 8-bit by 8-bit multiply and 16-bit by 8-bit divide instructions
Enhanced binary-coded decimal (BCD) data handling
Modular architecture with expandable internal bus definition for extension of addressing range
beyond 64 Kbytes
Low-power stop and wait modes
Freescale Semiconductor 59
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
7 0
ACCUMULATOR (A)
15 0
H X INDEX REGISTER (H:X)
15 0
STACK POINTER (SP)
15 0
PROGRAM COUNTER (PC)
7 0
V 1 1 H I N Z C CONDITION CODE REGISTER (CCR)
CARRY/BORROW FLAG
ZERO FLAG
NEGATIVE FLAG
INTERRUPT MASK
HALF-CARRY FLAG
TWOS COMPLEMENT OVERFLOW FLAG
7.3.1 Accumulator
The accumulator is a general-purpose 8-bit register. The CPU uses the accumulator to hold operands and
the results of arithmetic/logic operations.
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
Write:
Reset: Unaffected by reset
60 Freescale Semiconductor
CPU Registers
NOTE
The location of the stack is arbitrary and may be relocated anywhere in
random-access memory (RAM). Moving the SP out of page 0 ($0000 to
$00FF) frees direct address (page 0) space. For correct operation, the
stack pointer must point only to RAM locations.
Freescale Semiconductor 61
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
V Overflow Flag
The CPU sets the overflow flag when a two's complement overflow occurs. The signed branch
instructions BGT, BGE, BLE, and BLT use the overflow flag.
1 = Overflow
0 = No overflow
H Half-Carry Flag
The CPU sets the half-carry flag when a carry occurs between accumulator bits 3 and 4 during an
add-without-carry (ADD) or add-with-carry (ADC) operation. The half-carry flag is required for
binary-coded decimal (BCD) arithmetic operations. The DAA instruction uses the states of the H and
C flags to determine the appropriate correction factor.
1 = Carry between bits 3 and 4
0 = No carry between bits 3 and 4
I Interrupt Mask
When the interrupt mask is set, all maskable CPU interrupts are disabled. CPU interrupts are enabled
when the interrupt mask is cleared. When a CPU interrupt occurs, the interrupt mask is set
automatically after the CPU registers are saved on the stack, but before the interrupt vector is fetched.
1 = Interrupts disabled
0 = Interrupts enabled
NOTE
To maintain M6805 Family compatibility, the upper byte of the index
register (H) is not stacked automatically. If the interrupt service routine
modifies H, then the user must stack and unstack H using the PSHH and
PULH instructions.
After the I bit is cleared, the highest-priority interrupt request is serviced first.
A return-from-interrupt (RTI) instruction pulls the CPU registers from the stack and restores the
interrupt mask from the stack. After any reset, the interrupt mask is set and can be cleared only by the
clear interrupt mask software instruction (CLI).
N Negative Flag
The CPU sets the negative flag when an arithmetic operation, logic operation, or data manipulation
produces a negative result, setting bit 7 of the result.
1 = Negative result
0 = Non-negative result
62 Freescale Semiconductor
Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU)
Z Zero Flag
The CPU sets the zero flag when an arithmetic operation, logic operation, or data manipulation
produces a result of $00.
1 = Zero result
0 = Non-zero result
C Carry/Borrow Flag
The CPU sets the carry/borrow flag when an addition operation produces a carry out of bit 7 of the
accumulator or when a subtraction operation requires a borrow. Some instructions such as bit test
and branch, shift, and rotate also clear or set the carry/borrow flag.
1 = Carry out of bit 7
0 = No carry out of bit 7
Freescale Semiconductor 63
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Operand
Effect
Address
Opcode
Cycles
Source on CCR
Mode
Operation Description
Form
V H I N Z C
ADC #opr IMM A9 ii 2
ADC opr DIR B9 dd 3
ADC opr EXT C9 hh ll 4
ADC opr,X IX2 D9 ee ff 4
Add with Carry A (A) + (M) + (C)
ADC opr,X IX1 E9 ff 3
ADC ,X IX F9 2
ADC opr,SP SP1 9EE9 ff 4
ADC opr,SP SP2 9ED9 ee ff 5
ADD #opr IMM AB ii 2
ADD opr DIR BB dd 3
ADD opr EXT CB hh ll 4
ADD opr,X Add without Carry A (A) + (M) IX2 DB ee ff 4
ADD opr,X IX1 EB ff 3
ADD ,X IX FB 2
ADD opr,SP SP1 9EEB ff 4
ADD opr,SP SP2 9EDB ee ff 5
AIS #opr Add Immediate Value (Signed) to SP SP (SP) + (16 M) IMM A7 ii 2
AIX #opr Add Immediate Value (Signed) to H:X H:X (H:X) + (16 M) IMM AF ii 2
AND #opr IMM A4 ii 2
AND opr DIR B4 dd 3
AND opr EXT C4 hh ll 4
AND opr,X IX2 D4 ee ff 4
AND opr,X Logical AND A (A) & (M) 0 IX1 E4 ff 3
AND ,X IX F4 2
AND opr,SP SP1 9EE4 ff 4
AND opr,SP SP2 9ED4 ee ff 5
ASL opr DIR 38 dd 4
ASLA INH 48 1
ASLX Arithmetic Shift Left INH 58 1
ASL opr,X (Same as LSL)
C 0 IX1 68 ff 4
ASL ,X b7 b0 IX 78 3
ASL opr,SP SP1 9E68 ff 5
ASR opr DIR 37 dd 4
ASRA INH 47 1
ASRX Arithmetic Shift Right C INH 57 1
ASR opr,X IX1 67 ff 4
ASR opr,X b7 b0 IX 77 3
ASR opr,SP SP1 9E67 ff 5
BCC rel Branch if Carry Bit Clear PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) = 0 REL 24 rr 3
DIR (b0) 11 dd 4
DIR (b1) 13 dd 4
DIR (b2) 15 dd 4
BCLR n, opr Clear Bit n in M Mn 0 DIR (b3) 17 dd 4
DIR (b4) 19 dd 4
DIR (b5) 1B dd 4
DIR (b6) 1D dd 4
DIR (b7) 1F dd 4
BCS rel Branch if Carry Bit Set (Same as BLO) PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) = 1 REL 25 rr 3
BEQ rel Branch if Equal PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (Z) = 1 REL 27 rr 3
Branch if Greater Than or Equal To
BGE opr (Signed Operands) PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (N V) = 0 REL 90 rr 3
Branch if Greater Than (Signed
BGT opr
Operands) PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (Z) | (N V) = 0 REL 92 rr 3
BHCC rel Branch if Half Carry Bit Clear PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (H) = 0 REL 28 rr 3
BHCS rel Branch if Half Carry Bit Set PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (H) = 1 REL 29 rr 3
BHI rel Branch if Higher PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) | (Z) = 0 REL 22 rr 3
64 Freescale Semiconductor
Instruction Set Summary
Operand
Effect
Address
Opcode
Cycles
Source on CCR
Mode
Operation Description
Form
V H I N Z C
Branch if Higher or Same
BHS rel PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) = 0 REL 24 rr 3
(Same as BCC)
BIH rel Branch if IRQ Pin High PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? IRQ = 1 REL 2F rr 3
BIL rel Branch if IRQ Pin Low PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? IRQ = 0 REL 2E rr 3
BIT #opr IMM A5 ii 2
BIT opr DIR B5 dd 3
BIT opr EXT C5 hh ll 4
BIT opr,X Bit Test (A) & (M) 0 IX2 D5 ee ff 4
BIT opr,X IX1 E5 ff 3
BIT ,X IX F5 2
BIT opr,SP SP1 9EE5 ff 4
BIT opr,SP SP2 9ED5 ee ff 5
Branch if Less Than or Equal To
BLE opr (Signed Operands) PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (Z) | (N V) = 1 REL 93 rr 3
BLO rel Branch if Lower (Same as BCS) PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) = 1 REL 25 rr 3
BLS rel Branch if Lower or Same PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (C) | (Z) = 1 REL 23 rr 3
BLT opr Branch if Less Than (Signed Operands) PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (N V) =1 REL 91 rr 3
BMC rel Branch if Interrupt Mask Clear PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (I) = 0 REL 2C rr 3
BMI rel Branch if Minus PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (N) = 1 REL 2B rr 3
BMS rel Branch if Interrupt Mask Set PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (I) = 1 REL 2D rr 3
BNE rel Branch if Not Equal PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (Z) = 0 REL 26 rr 3
BPL rel Branch if Plus PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (N) = 0 REL 2A rr 3
BRA rel Branch Always PC (PC) + 2 + rel REL 20 rr 3
DIR (b0) 01 dd rr 5
DIR (b1) 03 dd rr 5
DIR (b2) 05 dd rr 5
DIR (b3) 07 dd rr 5
BRCLR n,opr,rel Branch if Bit n in M Clear PC (PC) + 3 + rel ? (Mn) = 0 DIR (b4) 09 dd rr 5
DIR (b5) 0B dd rr 5
DIR (b6) 0D dd rr 5
DIR (b7) 0F dd rr 5
BRN rel Branch Never PC (PC) + 2 REL 21 rr 3
DIR (b0) 00 dd rr 5
DIR (b1) 02 dd rr 5
DIR (b2) 04 dd rr 5
DIR (b3) 06 dd rr 5
BRSET n,opr,rel Branch if Bit n in M Set PC (PC) + 3 + rel ? (Mn) = 1
DIR (b4) 08 dd rr 5
DIR (b5) 0A dd rr 5
DIR (b6) 0C dd rr 5
DIR (b7) 0E dd rr 5
DIR (b0) 10 dd 4
DIR (b1) 12 dd 4
DIR (b2) 14 dd 4
BSET n,opr Set Bit n in M Mn 1 DIR (b3) 16 dd 4
DIR (b4) 18 dd 4
DIR (b5) 1A dd 4
DIR (b6) 1C dd 4
DIR (b7) 1E dd 4
PC (PC) + 2; push (PCL)
SP (SP) 1; push (PCH)
BSR rel Branch to Subroutine REL AD rr 4
SP (SP) 1
PC (PC) + rel
CBEQ opr,rel PC (PC) + 3 + rel ? (A) (M) = $00 DIR 31 dd rr 5
CBEQA #opr,rel PC (PC) + 3 + rel ? (A) (M) = $00 IMM 41 ii rr 4
CBEQX #opr,rel Compare and Branch if Equal PC (PC) + 3 + rel ? (X) (M) = $00 IMM 51 ii rr 4
CBEQ opr,X+,rel PC (PC) + 3 + rel ? (A) (M) = $00 IX1+ 61 ff rr 5
CBEQ X+,rel PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (A) (M) = $00 IX+ 71 rr 4
CBEQ opr,SP,rel PC (PC) + 4 + rel ? (A) (M) = $00 SP1 9E61 ff rr 6
CLC Clear Carry Bit C0 0 INH 98 1
CLI Clear Interrupt Mask I0 0 INH 9A 2
Freescale Semiconductor 65
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Operand
Effect
Address
Opcode
Cycles
Source on CCR
Mode
Operation Description
Form
V H I N Z C
CLR opr M $00 DIR 3F dd 3
CLRA A $00 INH 4F 1
CLRX X $00 INH 5F 1
CLRH Clear H $00 0 0 1 INH 8C 1
CLR opr,X M $00 IX1 6F ff 3
CLR ,X M $00 IX 7F 2
CLR opr,SP M $00 SP1 9E6F ff 4
CMP #opr IMM A1 ii 2
CMP opr DIR B1 dd 3
CMP opr EXT C1 hh ll 4
CMP opr,X IX2 D1 ee ff 4
Compare A with M (A) (M)
CMP opr,X IX1 E1 ff 3
CMP ,X IX F1 2
CMP opr,SP SP1 9EE1 ff 4
CMP opr,SP SP2 9ED1 ee ff 5
COM opr M (M) = $FF (M) DIR 33 dd 4
COMA A (A) = $FF (M) INH 43 1
COMX X (X) = $FF (M) INH 53 1
Complement (Ones Complement) 0 1
COM opr,X M (M) = $FF (M) IX1 63 ff 4
COM ,X M (M) = $FF (M) IX 73 3
COM opr,SP M (M) = $FF (M) SP1 9E63 ff 5
CPHX #opr IMM 65 ii ii+1 3
Compare H:X with M (H:X) (M:M + 1)
CPHX opr DIR 75 dd 4
CPX #opr IMM A3 ii 2
CPX opr DIR B3 dd 3
CPX opr EXT C3 hh ll 4
CPX ,X IX2 D3 ee ff 4
CPX opr,X Compare X with M (X) (M) IX1 E3 ff 3
CPX opr,X IX F3 2
CPX opr,SP SP1 9EE3 ff 4
CPX opr,SP SP2 9ED3 ee ff 5
DAA Decimal Adjust A (A)10 U INH 72 2
A (A) 1 or M (M) 1 or X (X) 1 5
DBNZ opr,rel PC (PC) + 3 + rel ? (result) 0 DIR 3B dd rr
DBNZA rel PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (result) 0 INH 4B rr 3
3
DBNZX rel Decrement and Branch if Not Zero PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (result) 0 INH 5B rr 5
DBNZ opr,X,rel PC (PC) + 3 + rel ? (result) 0 IX1 6B ff rr
DBNZ X,rel PC (PC) + 2 + rel ? (result) 0 IX 7B rr 4
6
DBNZ opr,SP,rel PC (PC) + 4 + rel ? (result) 0 SP1 9E6B ff rr
DEC opr M (M) 1 DIR 3A dd 4
DECA A (A) 1 INH 4A 1
DECX X (X) 1 INH 5A 1
Decrement
DEC opr,X M (M) 1 IX1 6A ff 4
DEC ,X M (M) 1 IX 7A 3
DEC opr,SP M (M) 1 SP1 9E6A ff 5
A (H:A)/(X)
DIV Divide INH 52 7
H Remainder
EOR #opr IMM A8 ii 2
EOR opr DIR B8 dd 3
EOR opr EXT C8 hh ll 4
EOR opr,X Exclusive OR M with A A (A M) 0 IX2 D8 ee ff 4
EOR opr,X IX1 E8 ff 3
EOR ,X IX F8 2
EOR opr,SP SP1 9EE8 ff 4
EOR opr,SP SP2 9ED8 ee ff 5
INC opr M (M) + 1 DIR 3C dd 4
INCA A (A) + 1 INH 4C 1
INCX Increment X (X) + 1 INH 5C 1
INC opr,X M (M) + 1 IX1 6C ff 4
INC ,X M (M) + 1 IX 7C 3
INC opr,SP M (M) + 1 SP1 9E6C ff 5
66 Freescale Semiconductor
Instruction Set Summary
Operand
Effect
Address
Opcode
Cycles
Source on CCR
Mode
Operation Description
Form
V H I N Z C
JMP opr DIR BC dd 2
JMP opr EXT CC hh ll 3
JMP opr,X Jump PC Jump Address IX2 DC ee ff 4
JMP opr,X IX1 EC ff 3
JMP ,X IX FC 2
JSR opr PC (PC) + n (n = 1, 2, or 3) DIR BD dd 4
JSR opr EXT CD hh ll 5
JSR opr,X Jump to Subroutine Push (PCL); SP (SP) 1 IX2 DD ee ff 6
Push (PCH); SP (SP) 1
JSR opr,X PC Unconditional Address IX1 ED ff 5
JSR ,X IX FD 4
LDA #opr IMM A6 ii 2
LDA opr DIR B6 dd 3
LDA opr EXT C6 hh ll 4
LDA opr,X IX2 D6 ee ff 4
LDA opr,X Load A from M A (M) 0 IX1 E6 ff 3
LDA ,X IX F6 2
LDA opr,SP SP1 9EE6 ff 4
LDA opr,SP SP2 9ED6 ee ff 5
LDHX #opr IMM 45 ii jj 3
Load H:X from M H:X (M:M + 1) 0
LDHX opr DIR 55 dd 4
LDX #opr IMM AE ii 2
LDX opr DIR BE dd 3
LDX opr EXT CE hh ll 4
LDX opr,X IX2 DE ee ff 4
LDX opr,X Load X from M X (M) 0 IX1 EE ff 3
LDX ,X IX FE 2
LDX opr,SP SP1 9EEE ff 4
LDX opr,SP SP2 9EDE ee ff 5
LSL opr DIR 38 dd 4
LSLA INH 48 1
LSLX Logical Shift Left C 0 INH
IX1
58 1
LSL opr,X (Same as ASL) 68 ff 4
LSL ,X b7 b0 IX 78 3
LSL opr,SP SP1 9E68 ff 5
LSR opr DIR 34 dd 4
LSRA INH 44 1
LSRX Logical Shift Right 0 C 0 INH 54 1
LSR opr,X IX1 64 ff 4
LSR ,X b7 b0 IX 74 3
LSR opr,SP SP1 9E64 ff 5
MOV opr,opr (M)Destination (M)Source DD 4E dd dd 5
MOV opr,X+ DIX+ 5E dd 4
Move 0 IMD 6E ii dd 4
MOV #opr,opr
MOV X+,opr H:X (H:X) + 1 (IX+D, DIX+) IX+D 7E dd 4
MUL Unsigned multiply X:A (X) (A) 0 0 INH 42 5
NEG opr M (M) = $00 (M) DIR 30 dd 4
NEGA INH 40 1
NEGX A (A) = $00 (A) INH 50 1
Negate (Twos Complement) X (X) = $00 (X)
NEG opr,X M (M) = $00 (M) IX1 60 ff 4
NEG ,X IX 70 3
NEG opr,SP M (M) = $00 (M) SP1 9E60 ff 5
NOP No Operation None INH 9D 1
NSA Nibble Swap A A (A[3:0]:A[7:4]) INH 62 3
ORA #opr IMM AA ii 2
ORA opr DIR BA dd 3
ORA opr EXT CA hh ll 4
ORA opr,X IX2 DA ee ff 4
Inclusive OR A and M A (A) | (M) 0
ORA opr,X IX1 EA ff 3
ORA ,X IX FA 2
ORA opr,SP SP1 9EEA ff 4
ORA opr,SP SP2 9EDA ee ff 5
PSHA Push A onto Stack Push (A); SP (SP) 1 INH 87 2
PSHH Push H onto Stack Push (H); SP (SP) 1 INH 8B 2
PSHX Push X onto Stack Push (X); SP (SP) 1 INH 89 2
Freescale Semiconductor 67
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Operand
Effect
Address
Opcode
Cycles
Source on CCR
Mode
Operation Description
Form
V H I N Z C
PULA Pull A from Stack SP (SP + 1); Pull (A) INH 86 2
PULH Pull H from Stack SP (SP + 1); Pull (H) INH 8A 2
PULX Pull X from Stack SP (SP + 1); Pull (X) INH 88 2
ROL opr DIR 39 dd 4
ROLA INH 49 1
ROLX INH 59 1
ROL opr,X Rotate Left through Carry C IX1 69 ff 4
ROL ,X b7 b0 IX 79 3
ROL opr,SP SP1 9E69 ff 5
ROR opr DIR 36 dd 4
RORA INH 46 1
RORX Rotate Right through Carry C INH 56 1
ROR opr,X IX1 66 ff 4
ROR ,X b7 b0 IX 76 3
ROR opr,SP SP1 9E66 ff 5
RSP Reset Stack Pointer SP $FF INH 9C 1
SP (SP) + 1; Pull (CCR)
SP (SP) + 1; Pull (A)
RTI Return from Interrupt SP (SP) + 1; Pull (X) INH 80 7
SP (SP) + 1; Pull (PCH)
SP (SP) + 1; Pull (PCL)
SP SP + 1; Pull (PCH)
RTS Return from Subroutine INH 81 4
SP SP + 1; Pull (PCL)
SBC #opr IMM A2 ii 2
SBC opr DIR B2 dd 3
SBC opr EXT C2 hh ll 4
SBC opr,X Subtract with Carry A (A) (M) (C) IX2 D2 ee ff 4
SBC opr,X IX1 E2 ff 3
SBC ,X IX F2 2
SBC opr,SP SP1 9EE2 ff 4
SBC opr,SP SP2 9ED2 ee ff 5
SEC Set Carry Bit C1 1 INH 99 1
SEI Set Interrupt Mask I1 1 INH 9B 2
STA opr DIR B7 dd 3
STA opr EXT C7 hh ll 4
STA opr,X IX2 D7 ee ff 4
STA opr,X Store A in M M (A) 0 IX1 E7 ff 3
STA ,X IX F7 2
STA opr,SP SP1 9EE7 ff 4
STA opr,SP SP2 9ED7 ee ff 5
STHX opr Store H:X in M (M:M + 1) (H:X) 0 DIR 35 dd 4
Enable Interrupts, Stop Processing,
STOP I 0; Stop Processing 0 INH 8E 1
Refer to MCU Documentation
STX opr DIR BF dd 3
STX opr EXT CF hh ll 4
STX opr,X IX2 DF ee ff 4
STX opr,X Store X in M M (X) 0 IX1 EF ff 3
STX ,X IX FF 2
STX opr,SP SP1 9EEF ff 4
STX opr,SP SP2 9EDF ee ff 5
SUB #opr IMM A0 ii 2
SUB opr DIR B0 dd 3
SUB opr EXT C0 hh ll 4
SUB opr,X Subtract A (A) (M) IX2 D0 ee ff 4
SUB opr,X IX1 E0 ff 3
SUB ,X IX F0 2
SUB opr,SP SP1 9EE0 ff 4
SUB opr,SP SP2 9ED0 ee ff 5
68 Freescale Semiconductor
Opcode Map
Operand
Effect
Address
Opcode
Cycles
Source on CCR
Mode
Operation Description
Form
V H I N Z C
PC (PC) + 1; Push (PCL)
SP (SP) 1; Push (PCH)
SP (SP) 1; Push (X)
SP (SP) 1; Push (A)
SWI Software Interrupt 1 INH 83 9
SP (SP) 1; Push (CCR)
SP (SP) 1; I 1
PCH Interrupt Vector High Byte
PCL Interrupt Vector Low Byte
TAP Transfer A to CCR CCR (A) INH 84 2
TAX Transfer A to X X (A) INH 97 1
TPA Transfer CCR to A A (CCR) INH 85 1
TST opr DIR 3D dd 3
TSTA INH 4D 1
TSTX INH 5D 1
Test for Negative or Zero (A) $00 or (X) $00 or (M) $00 0
TST opr,X IX1 6D ff 3
TST ,X IX 7D 2
TST opr,SP SP1 9E6D ff 4
TSX Transfer SP to H:X H:X (SP) + 1 INH 95 2
TXA Transfer X to A A (X) INH 9F 1
TXS Transfer H:X to SP (SP) (H:X) 1 INH 94 2
I bit 0; Inhibit CPU clocking
WAIT Enable Interrupts; Wait for Interrupt 0 INH 8F 1
until interrupted
A Accumulator n Any bit
C Carry/borrow bit opr Operand (one or two bytes)
CCR Condition code register PC Program counter
dd Direct address of operand PCH Program counter high byte
dd rr Direct address of operand and relative offset of branch instruction PCL Program counter low byte
DD Direct to direct addressing mode REL Relative addressing mode
DIR Direct addressing mode rel Relative program counter offset byte
DIX+ Direct to indexed with post increment addressing mode rr Relative program counter offset byte
ee ff High and low bytes of offset in indexed, 16-bit offset addressing SP1 Stack pointer, 8-bit offset addressing mode
EXT Extended addressing mode SP2 Stack pointer 16-bit offset addressing mode
ff Offset byte in indexed, 8-bit offset addressing SP Stack pointer
H Half-carry bit U Undefined
H Index register high byte V Overflow bit
hh ll High and low bytes of operand address in extended addressing X Index register low byte
I Interrupt mask Z Zero bit
ii Immediate operand byte & Logical AND
IMD Immediate source to direct destination addressing mode | Logical OR
IMM Immediate addressing mode Logical EXCLUSIVE OR
INH Inherent addressing mode () Contents of
IX Indexed, no offset addressing mode ( ) Negation (twos complement)
IX+ Indexed, no offset, post increment addressing mode # Immediate value
IX+D Indexed with post increment to direct addressing mode Sign extend
IX1 Indexed, 8-bit offset addressing mode Loaded with
IX1+ Indexed, 8-bit offset, post increment addressing mode ? If
IX2 Indexed, 16-bit offset addressing mode : Concatenated with
M Memory location Set or cleared
N Negative bit Not affected
Freescale Semiconductor 69
70
4 BRSET2 BSET2 BCC LSR LSRA LSRX LSR LSR LSR TAP TXS AND AND AND AND AND AND AND AND
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX
5 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2
5 BRCLR2 BCLR2 BCS STHX LDHX LDHX CPHX CPHX TPA TSX BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 3 IMM 2 DIR 3 IMM 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX
5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2
6 BRSET3 BSET3 BNE ROR RORA RORX ROR ROR ROR PULA LDA LDA LDA LDA LDA LDA LDA LDA
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX
5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 1 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2
7 BRCLR3 BCLR3 BEQ ASR ASRA ASRX ASR ASR ASR PSHA TAX AIS STA STA STA STA STA STA STA
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX
5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 1 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2
8 BRSET4 BSET4 BHCC LSL LSLA LSLX LSL LSL LSL PULX CLC EOR EOR EOR EOR EOR EOR EOR EOR
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX
5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 1 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2
9 BRCLR4 BCLR4 BHCS ROL ROLA ROLX ROL ROL ROL PSHX SEC ADC ADC ADC ADC ADC ADC ADC ADC
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX
5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 2 2 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2
A BRSET5 BSET5 BPL DEC DECA DECX DEC DEC DEC PULH CLI ORA ORA ORA ORA ORA ORA ORA ORA
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX
5 4 3 5 3 3 5 6 4 2 2 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2
B BRCLR5 BCLR5 BMI DBNZ DBNZA DBNZX DBNZ DBNZ DBNZ PSHH SEI ADD ADD ADD ADD ADD ADD ADD ADD
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 3 DIR 2 INH 2 INH 3 IX1 4 SP1 2 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX
5 4 3 4 1 1 4 5 3 1 1 2 3 4 3 2
C BRSET6 BSET6 BMC INC INCA INCX INC INC INC CLRH RSP JMP JMP JMP JMP JMP
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 2 IX1 1 IX
5 4 3 3 1 1 3 4 2 1 4 4 5 6 5 4
D BRCLR6 BCLR6 BMS TST TSTA TSTX TST TST TST NOP BSR JSR JSR JSR JSR JSR
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 2 REL 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 2 IX1 1 IX
5 4 3 5 4 4 4 1 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2
E BRSET7 BSET7 BIL MOV MOV MOV MOV STOP LDX LDX LDX LDX LDX LDX LDX LDX
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 3 DD 2 DIX+ 3 IMD 2 IX+D 1 INH * 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX
Freescale Semiconductor
5 4 3 3 1 1 3 4 2 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 2
F BRCLR7 BCLR7 BIH CLR CLRA CLRX CLR CLR CLR WAIT TXA AIX STX STX STX STX STX STX STX
3 DIR 2 DIR 2 REL 2 DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX 1 INH 1 INH 2 IMM 2 DIR 3 EXT 3 IX2 4 SP2 2 IX1 3 SP1 1 IX
INH Inherent REL Relative SP1 Stack Pointer, 8-Bit Offset MSB
IMM Immediate IX Indexed, No Offset SP2 Stack Pointer, 16-Bit Offset 0 High Byte of Opcode in Hexadecimal
DIR Direct IX1 Indexed, 8-Bit Offset IX+ Indexed, No Offset with LSB
EXT Extended IX2 Indexed, 16-Bit Offset Post Increment 5 Cycles
DD Direct-Direct IMD Immediate-Direct IX1+ Indexed, 1-Byte Offset with Low Byte of Opcode in Hexadecimal 0 BRSET0 Opcode Mnemonic
IX+D Indexed-Direct DIX+ Direct-Indexed Post Increment 3 DIR Number of Bytes / Addressing Mode
*Pre-byte for stack pointer indexed instructions
Chapter 8
External Interrupt (IRQ)
8.1 Introduction
The IRQ (external interrupt) module provides a maskable interrupt input.
IRQ functionality is enabled by setting configuration register 2 (CONFIG2) IRQEN bit accordingly. A zero
disables the IRQ function and IRQ will assume the other shared functionalities. A one enables the IRQ
function. See Chapter 5 Configuration Register (CONFIG) for more information on enabling the IRQ pin.
The IRQ pin shares its pin with general-purpose input/output (I/O) port pins. See Figure 8-1 for port
location of this shared pin.
8.2 Features
Features of the IRQ module include:
A dedicated external interrupt pin IRQ
IRQ interrupt control bits
Programmable edge-only or edge and level interrupt sensitivity
Automatic interrupt acknowledge
Internal pullup device
Freescale Semiconductor 71
External Interrupt (IRQ)
PTA0/TCH0/AD0//KBI0
CLOCK
PTA1/TCH1/AD1/KBI1
GENERATOR
PTA2/IRQ/KBI2/TCLK
DDRA
PTA
PTA3/RST/KBI3
KEYBOARD INTERRUPT
PTA4/OSC2/AD2/KBI4 MODULE
PTA5/OSC1/AD3/KBI5
M68HC08 CPU SINGLE INTERRUPT
MODULE
PTB0/AD4
PTB1/AD5
PTB2 AUTO WAKEUP
PTB3 MODULE
DDRB
PTB
PTB4
PTB5 LOW-VOLTAGE
PTB6 INHIBIT
PTB7
2-CHANNEL 16-BIT
TIMER MODULE
MC68HC08QY4 MC68HC08QY4
128 BYTES 4096 BYTES
COP
USER RAM USER ROM MODULE
6-CHANNEL
10-BIT ADC
When set, the IMASK bit in INTSCR masks the IRQ interrupt request. A latched interrupt request is not
presented to the interrupt priority logic unless IMASK is clear.
NOTE
The interrupt mask (I) in the condition code register (CCR) masks all
interrupt requests, including the IRQ interrupt request.
A falling edge on the IRQ pin can latch an interrupt request into the IRQ latch. An IRQ vector fetch,
software clear, or reset clears the IRQ latch.
72 Freescale Semiconductor
Functional Description
RESET
ACK
FETCH INSTRUCTIONS
DECODER
VDD
INTERNAL VDD
PULLUP IRQF
DEVICE
CLR
D Q IRQ
SYNCHRONIZER
CK INTERRUPT
IRQ REQUEST
MODE
HIGH TO MODE
VOLTAGE SELECT
DETECT LOGIC
8.3.1 MODE = 1
If the MODE bit is set, the IRQ pin is both falling edge sensitive and low level sensitive. With MODE set,
both of the following actions must occur to clear the IRQ interrupt request:
Return of the IRQ pin to a high level. As long as the IRQ pin is low, the IRQ request remains active.
IRQ vector fetch or software clear. An IRQ vector fetch generates an interrupt acknowledge signal
to clear the IRQ latch. Software generates the interrupt acknowledge signal by writing a 1 to ACK
in INTSCR. The ACK bit is useful in applications that poll the IRQ pin and require software to clear
the IRQ latch. Writing to ACK prior to leaving an interrupt service routine can also prevent spurious
interrupts due to noise. Setting ACK does not affect subsequent transitions on the IRQ pin. A falling
edge that occurs after writing to ACK latches another interrupt request. If the IRQ mask bit, IMASK,
is clear, the CPU loads the program counter with the IRQ vector address.
The IRQ vector fetch or software clear and the return of the IRQ pin to a high level may occur in any order.
The interrupt request remains pending as long as the IRQ pin is low. A reset will clear the IRQ latch and
the MODE control bit, thereby clearing the interrupt even if the pin stays low.
Use the BIH or BIL instruction to read the logic level on the IRQ pin.
8.3.2 MODE = 0
If the MODE bit is clear, the IRQ pin is falling edge sensitive only. With MODE clear, an IRQ vector fetch
or software clear immediately clears the IRQ latch.
The IRQF bit in INTSCR can be read to check for pending interrupts. The IRQF bit is not affected by
IMASK, which makes it useful in applications where polling is preferred.
NOTE
When using the level-sensitive interrupt trigger, avoid false IRQ interrupts
by masking interrupt requests in the interrupt routine.
Freescale Semiconductor 73
External Interrupt (IRQ)
8.4 Interrupts
The following IRQ source can generate interrupt requests:
Interrupt flag (IRQF) The IRQF bit is set when the IRQ pin is asserted based on the IRQ mode.
The IRQ interrupt mask bit, IMASK, is used to enable or disable IRQ interrupt requests.
74 Freescale Semiconductor
Registers
8.8 Registers
The IRQ status and control register (INTSCR) controls and monitors operation of the IRQ module. The
INTSCR:
Shows the state of the IRQ flag
Clears the IRQ latch
Masks the IRQ interrupt request
Controls triggering sensitivity of the IRQ interrupt pin
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0 0 0 0 IRQF 0
IMASK MODE
Write: ACK
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Freescale Semiconductor 75
External Interrupt (IRQ)
76 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 9
Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI)
9.1 Introduction
The keyboard interrupt module (KBI) provides independently maskable external interrupts.
The KBI shares its pins with general-purpose input/output (I/O) port pins. See Figure 9-1 for port location
of these shared pins.
9.2 Features
Features of the keyboard interrupt module include:
Keyboard interrupt pins with separate keyboard interrupt enable bits and one keyboard interrupt
mask
Programmable edge-only or edge and level interrupt sensitivity
Edge sensitivity programmable for rising or falling edge
Level sensitivity programmable for high or low level
Pullup or pulldown device automatically enabled based on the polarity of edge or level detect
Exit from low-power modes
Freescale Semiconductor 77
Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI)
PTA0/TCH0/AD0//KBI0
CLOCK
PTA1/TCH1/AD1/KBI1
GENERATOR
PTA2/IRQ/KBI2/TCLK
DDRA
PTA
PTA3/RST/KBI3
KEYBOARD INTERRUPT
PTA4/OSC2/AD2/KBI4 MODULE
PTA5/OSC1/AD3/KBI5
M68HC08 CPU SINGLE INTERRUPT
MODULE
PTB0/AD4
PTB1/AD5
PTB2 AUTO WAKEUP
PTB3 MODULE
DDRB
PTB
PTB4
PTB5 LOW-VOLTAGE
PTB6 INHIBIT
PTB7
2-CHANNEL 16-BIT
TIMER MODULE
MC68HC08QY4 MC68HC08QY4
128 BYTES 4096 BYTES
COP
USER RAM USER ROM MODULE
6-CHANNEL
10-BIT ADC
9.3.1.1 MODEK = 1
If the MODEK bit is set, the keyboard interrupt inputs are both edge and level sensitive. The KBIPx bit will
determine whether a edge sensitive pin detects rising or falling edges and on level sensitive pins whether
the pin detects low or high levels. With MODEK set, both of the following actions must occur to clear a
keyboard interrupt request:
Return of all enabled keyboard interrupt inputs to a deasserted level. As long as any enabled
keyboard interrupt pin is asserted, the keyboard interrupt remains active.
Vector fetch or software clear. A KBI vector fetch generates an interrupt acknowledge signal to
clear the KBI latch. Software generates the interrupt acknowledge signal by writing a 1 to ACKK in
KBSCR. The ACKK bit is useful in applications that poll the keyboard interrupt inputs and require
software to clear the KBI latch. Writing to ACKK prior to leaving an interrupt service routine can
also prevent spurious interrupts due to noise. Setting ACKK does not affect subsequent transitions
on the keyboard interrupt inputs. An edge detect that occurs after writing to ACKK latches another
interrupt request. If the keyboard interrupt mask bit, IMASKK, is clear, the CPU loads the program
counter with the KBI vector address.
78 Freescale Semiconductor
Functional Description
INTERNAL BUS
VECTOR FETCH
DECODER ACKK
RESET
1
KBI0 0 S VDD
KBIE0 KEYF
TO PULLUP/ CLR
D Q
PULLDOWN ENABLE SYNCHRONIZER
KBIP0 CK
1
KBI LATCH IMASKK
KBIx 0 KEYBOARD
S KBIEx
INTERRUPT
REQUEST
TO PULLUP/ MODEK
KBIPx PULLDOWN ENABLE
AWUIREQ
(SEE Figure 4-1)
The KBI vector fetch or software clear and the return of all enabled keyboard interrupt pins to a deasserted
level may occur in any order.
Reset clears the keyboard interrupt request and the MODEK bit, clearing the interrupt request even if a
keyboard interrupt input stays asserted.
9.3.1.2 MODEK = 0
If the MODEK bit is clear, the keyboard interrupt inputs are edge sensitive. The KBIPx bit will determine
whether an edge sensitive pin detects rising or falling edges. A KBI vector fetch or software clear
immediately clears the KBI latch.
The keyboard flag bit (KEYF) in KBSCR can be read to check for pending interrupts. The KEYF bit is not
affected by IMASKK, which makes it useful in applications where polling is preferred.
NOTE
Setting a keyboard interrupt enable bit (KBIEx) forces the corresponding
keyboard interrupt pin to be an input, overriding the data direction register.
However, the data direction register bit must be a 0 for software to read the
pin.
Freescale Semiconductor 79
Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI)
9.4 Interrupts
The following KBI source can generate interrupt requests:
Keyboard flag (KEYF) The KEYF bit is set when any enabled KBI pin is asserted based on the
KBI mode and pin polarity. The keyboard interrupt mask bit, IMASKK, is used to enable or disable
KBI interrupt requests.
80 Freescale Semiconductor
I/O Signals
9.8 Registers
The following registers control and monitor operation of the KBI module:
KBSCR (keyboard interrupt status and control register)
KBIER (keyboard interrupt enable register)
KBIPR (keyboard interrupt polarity register)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0 0 0 0 KEYF 0
IMASKK MODEK
Write: ACKK
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Freescale Semiconductor 81
Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0
AWUIE KBIE5 KBIE4 KBIE3 KBIE2 KBIE1 KBIE0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0 0
KBIP5 KBIP4 KBIP3 KBIP2 KBIP1 KBIP0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
82 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 10
Low-Voltage Inhibit (LVI)
10.1 Introduction
The low-voltage inhibit (LVI) module is provided as a system protection mechanism to prevent the MCU
from operating below a certain operating supply voltage level. The module has several configuration
options to allow functionality to be tailored to different system level demands.
The configuration registers (see Chapter 5 Configuration Register (CONFIG)) contain control bits for this
module.
10.2 Features
Features of the LVI module include:
Programmable LVI reset
Selectable LVI trip voltage
Programmable stop mode operation
VDD
STOP INSTRUCTION
LVISTOP
FROM CONFIGURATION REGISTER
FROM CONFIGURATION REGISTER
LVIRSTD
LVIPWRD
LVIOUT
LVITRIP
FROM CONFIGURATION REGISTER
Freescale Semiconductor 83
Low-Voltage Inhibit (LVI)
The LVI module contains a bandgap reference circuit and comparator. When the LVITRIP bit is cleared,
the default state at power-on reset, VTRIPF is configured for the lower VDD operating range. The actual
trip points are specified in 16.5 5-V DC Electrical Characteristics, 16.8 3-V DC Electrical Characteristics,
and 16.11 1.8-V to 3.6-V DC Electrical Characteristics.
Because the default LVI trip point after power-on reset is configured for low voltage operation, a system
requiring high voltage LVI operation must set the LVITRIP bit during system initialization. VDD must be
above the LVI trip rising voltage, VTRIPR, for the high voltage operating range or the MCU will immediately
go into LVI reset.
After an LVI reset occurs, the MCU remains in reset until VDD rises above VTRIPR. See Chapter 13 System
Integration Module (SIM) for the reset recovery sequence.
The output of the comparator controls the state of the LVIOUT flag in the LVI status register (LVISR) and
can be used for polling LVI operation when the LVI reset is disabled.
The LVI is enabled out of reset. The following bits located in the configuration register can alter the default
conditions.
Setting the LVI power disable bit, LVIPWRD, disables the LVI.
Setting the LVI reset disable bit, LVIRSTD, prevents the LVI module from generating a reset.
Setting the LVI enable in stop mode bit, LVISTOP, enables the LVI to operate in stop mode.
Setting the LVI trip point bit, LVITRIP, configures the trip point voltage (VTRIPF) for the higher VDD
operating range.
84 Freescale Semiconductor
LVI Interrupts
10.6 Registers
The LVI status register (LVISR) contains a status bit that is useful when the LVI is enabled and LVI reset
is disabled.
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: LVIOUT 0 0 0 0 0 0 R
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented R = Reserved
Freescale Semiconductor 85
Low-Voltage Inhibit (LVI)
86 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 11
Oscillator Module (OSC)
11.1 Introduction
The oscillator (OSC) module is used to provide a stable clock source for the MCU system and bus.
The OSC shares its pins with general-purpose input/output (I/O) port pins. See Figure 11-1 for port
location of these shared pins. The OSC2EN bit is located in the port A pull enable register (PTAPUEN)
on this MCU. See Chapter 12 Input/Output Ports (PORTS) for information on PTAPUEN register.
11.2 Features
The bus clock frequency is one fourth of any of these clock source options:
1. Internal oscillator: An internally generated, fixed frequency clock, trimmable to 0.4%. There are
three choices for the internal oscillator,12.8 MHz, 8 MHz, or 4 MHz. The 4-MHz internal oscillator
is the default option out of reset.
2. External oscillator: An external clock that can be driven directly into OSC1.
3. External RC: A built-in oscillator module (RC oscillator) that requires an external R connection only.
The capacitor is internal to the chip.
4. External crystal: A built-in XTAL oscillator that requires an external crystal or ceramic-resonator.
There are three crystal frequency ranges supported, 832 MHz, 18 MHz, and 32100 kHz.
Freescale Semiconductor 87
Oscillator Module (OSC)
PTA0/TCH0/AD0//KBI0
CLOCK
PTA1/TCH1/AD1/KBI1
GENERATOR
PTA2/IRQ/KBI2/TCLK
DDRA
PTA
PTA3/RST/KBI3
KEYBOARD INTERRUPT
PTA4/OSC2/AD2/KBI4 MODULE
PTA5/OSC1/AD3/KBI5
M68HC08 CPU SINGLE INTERRUPT
MODULE
PTB0/AD4
PTB1/AD5
PTB2 AUTO WAKEUP
PTB3 MODULE
DDRB
PTB
PTB4
PTB5 LOW-VOLTAGE
PTB6 INHIBIT
PTB7
2-CHANNEL 16-BIT
TIMER MODULE
MC68HC08QY4 MC68HC08QY4
128 BYTES 4096 BYTES
COP
USER RAM USER ROM MODULE
6-CHANNEL
10-BIT ADC
88 Freescale Semiconductor
Functional Description
Freescale Semiconductor 89
Oscillator Module (OSC)
Figure 11-3 shows how BUSCLKX4 is derived from INTCLK and OSC2 can output BUSCLKX4 by setting
OSC2EN.
90 Freescale Semiconductor
Functional Description
XTALCLK
2
MCU
OSC1 OSC2
RS
RB
X1
C1 C2
Freescale Semiconductor 91
Oscillator Module (OSC)
11.3.5 RC Oscillator
The RC oscillator circuit is designed for use with an external resistor (REXT) to provide a clock source with
a tolerance within 25% of the expected frequency. See Figure 11-3.
The capacitor (C) for the RC oscillator is internal to the MCU. The REXT value must have a tolerance of
1% or less to minimize its effect on the frequency.
In this configuration, the OSC2 pin can be used as general-purpose input/output (I/O) port pins or other
alternative pin function. The OSC2EN bit can be set to enable the OSC2 output function on the pin.
Enabling the OSC2 output can affect the external RC oscillator frequency, fRCCLK.
1
EXTERNAL RC RCCLK
EN 2
OSCILLATOR
ALTERNATIVE
0
PIN FUNTION
MCU OSC2EN
VDD
REXT
See the electricals section for component value.
11.4 Interrupts
There are no interrupts associated with the OSC module.
92 Freescale Semiconductor
OSC During Break Interrupts
Freescale Semiconductor 93
Oscillator Module (OSC)
11.8 Registers
The oscillator module contains two registers:
Oscillator status and control register (OSCSC)
Oscillator trim register (OSCTRIM)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: ECGST
OSCOPT1 OSCOPT0 ICFS1 ICFS0 ECFS1 ECFS0 ECGON
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
94 Freescale Semiconductor
Registers
Freescale Semiconductor 95
Oscillator Module (OSC)
96 Freescale Semiconductor
Chapter 12
Input/Output Ports (PORTS)
12.1 Introduction
The MC68HC08QY1, MC68HC08QY2 and MC68HC08QY4 have thirteen bidirectional input-output (I/O)
pins and one input only pin. The MC68HC08QT1, MC68HC08QT2 and MC68HC08QT4 has five
bidirectional I/O pins and one input only pin. All I/O pins are programmable as inputs or outputs.
12.3 Port A
Port A is an 6-bit special function port that shares its pins with the keyboard interrupt (KBI) module
(see Chapter 9 Keyboard Interrupt Module (KBI), the 2-channel timer interface module (TIM) (see
Chapter 14 Timer Interface Module (TIM)), the 10-bit ADC (see Chapter 3 10-Bit Analog-to-Digital
Converter (ADC10) Module), the external interrupt (IRQ) pin (see Chapter 8 External Interrupt (IRQ)), the
reset (RST) pin enabled using a configuration register (see Chapter 5 Configuration Register (CONFIG))
and the oscillator pins (see Chapter 11 Oscillator Module (OSC)).
Each port A pin also has a software configurable pullup device if the corresponding port pin is configured
as an input port.
NOTE
PTA2 is input only.
When the IRQ function is enabled in the configuration register 2
(CONFIG2), bit 2 of the port A data register (PTA) will always read a logic 0.
In this case, the BIH and BIL instructions can be used to read the logic level
on the PTA2 pin. When the IRQ function is disabled, these instructions will
behave as if the PTA2 pin is a logic 1. However, reading bit 2 of PTA will
read the actual logic level on the pin.
Freescale Semiconductor 97
Input/Output Ports (PORTS)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: AWUL PTA2
R PTA5 PTA4 PTA3 PTA1 PTA0
Write:
Reset: Unaffected by reset
= Unimplemented
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0
R R DDRA5 DDRA4 DDRA3 DDRA1 DDRA0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
R = Reserved = Unimplemented
98 Freescale Semiconductor
Port A
READ DDRA
PTAPUEx
WRITE DDRA
DDRAx
INTERNAL DATA BUS RESET PULLUP
WRITE PTA
PTAx PTAx
READ PTA
When DDRAx is a 1, reading PTA reads the PTAx data latch. When DDRAx is a 0, reading PTA reads
the logic level on the PTAx pin. The data latch can always be written, regardless of the state of its data
direction bit.
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
OSC2EN PTAPUE5 PTAPUE4 PTAPUE3 PTAPUE2 PTAPUE1 PTAPUE0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Freescale Semiconductor 99
Input/Output Ports (PORTS)
12.4 Port B
Port B is an 8-bit special function port that shares two of its pins with the 10-bit ADC (see Chapter 3 10-Bit
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC10) Module).
Each port B pin also has a software configurable pullup device if the corresponding port pin is configured
as an input port.
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
PTB7 PTB6 PTB5 PTB4 PTB3 PTB2 PTB1 PTB0
Write:
Reset: Unaffected by reset
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
DDRB7 DDRB6 DDRB5 DDRB4 DDRB3 DDRB2 DDRB1 DDRB0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
READ DDRB
PTBPUEx
WRITE DDRB
DDRBx
INTERNAL DATA BUS
RESET PULLUP
WRITE PTB
PTBx PTBx
READ PTB
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
PTBPUE7 PTBPUE6 PTBPUE5 PTBPUE4 PTBPUE3 PTBPUE2 PTBPUE2 PTBPUE0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1. X = dont care
2. Hi-Z = high impedance
3. Writing affects data register, but does not affect the input.
13.1 Introduction
This section describes the system integration module (SIM), which supports up to 24 external and/or
internal interrupts. Together with the central processor unit (CPU), the SIM controls all microcontroller unit
(MCU) activities. A block diagram of the SIM is shown in Figure 13-1. The SIM is a system state controller
that coordinates CPU and exception timing.
The SIM is responsible for:
Bus clock generation and control for CPU and peripherals
Stop/wait/reset/break entry and recovery
Internal clock control
Master reset control, including power-on reset (POR) and computer operating properly (COP)
timeout
Interrupt control:
Acknowledge timing
Arbitration control timing
Vector address generation
CPU enable/disable timing
Table 13-1. Signal Name Conventions
Signal Name Description
BUSCLKX4 Buffered clock from the internal, RC or XTAL oscillator circuit.
The BUSCLKX4 frequency divided by two. This signal is again
BUSCLKX2 divided by two in the SIM to generate the internal bus clocks
(bus clock = BUSCLKX4 4).
Address bus Internal address bus
Data bus Internal data bus
PORRST Signal from the power-on reset module to the SIM
IRST Internal reset signal
R/W Read/write signal
MODULE STOP
MODULE WAIT
STOP/WAIT CPU STOP (FROM CPU)
CONTROL CPU WAIT (FROM CPU)
SIMOSCEN (TO OSCILLATOR)
VDD
CLOCK
CONTROL CLOCK GENERATORS INTERNAL CLOCKS
INTERNAL
PULL-UP
RESET
FROM BUSCLKX4
OSCILLATOR SIM COUNTER
SIM
BUSCLKX2
RST
IRST
32 CYCLES 32 CYCLES
BUSCLKX4
ADDRESS
BUS VECTOR HIGH
OSC1
PORRST
4096 32 32
CYCLES CYCLES CYCLES
BUSCLKX4
BUSCLKX2
If the stop enable bit, STOP, in the mask option register is 0, the SIM treats the STOP instruction as an
illegal opcode and causes an illegal opcode reset. The SIM actively pulls down the RST pin for all internal
reset sources.
13.6.1 Interrupts
An interrupt temporarily changes the sequence of program execution to respond to a particular event.
Figure 13-7 flow charts the handling of system interrupts.
Interrupts are latched, and arbitration is performed in the SIM at the start of interrupt processing. The
arbitration result is a constant that the CPU uses to determine which vector to fetch. Once an interrupt is
latched by the SIM, no other interrupt can take precedence, regardless of priority, until the latched
interrupt is serviced (or the I bit is cleared).
At the beginning of an interrupt, the CPU saves the CPU register contents on the stack and sets the
interrupt mask (I bit) to prevent additional interrupts. At the end of an interrupt, the RTI instruction recovers
the CPU register contents from the stack so that normal processing can resume. Figure 13-8 shows
interrupt entry timing. Figure 13-9 shows interrupt recovery timing.
FROM RESET
YES
BREAK INTERRUPT?
I BIT SET?
NO
YES
I BIT SET?
NO
IRQ YES
INTERRUPT?
NO
TIMER YES
INTERRUPT?
FETCH NEXT
INSTRUCTION
SWI YES
INSTRUCTION?
NO
RTI YES
INSTRUCTION? UNSTACK CPU REGISTERS
NO
EXECUTE INSTRUCTION
MODULE
INTERRUPT
I BIT
R/W
MODULE
INTERRUPT
I BIT
ADDRESS BUS SP 4 SP 3 SP 2 SP 1 SP PC PC + 1
R/W
CLI
INT1 PSHH
INT2 PSHH
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: IF6 IF5 IF4 IF3 0 IF1 0 0
Write: R R R R R R R R
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
R = Reserved
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: IF14 IF13 IF12 IF11 IF10 IF9 IF8 IF7
Write: R R R R R R R R
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
R = Reserved
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: IF22 IF21 IF20 IF19 IF18 IF17 IF16 IF15
Write: R R R R R R R R
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
R = Reserved
13.6.3 Reset
All reset sources always have equal and highest priority and cannot be arbitrated.
R/W
NOTE: Previous data can be operand data or the WAIT opcode, depending on the last instruction.
In wait mode, the CPU clocks are inactive. Refer to the wait mode subsection of each module to see if the
module is active or inactive in wait mode. Some modules can be programmed to be active in wait mode.
Wait mode can also be exited by a reset (or break in emulation mode). A break interrupt during wait mode
sets the SIM break stop/wait bit, SBSW, in the break status register (BSR). If the COP disable bit, COPD,
in the configuration register is 0, then the computer operating properly module (COP) is enabled and
remains active in wait mode.
Figure 13-15 and Figure 13-16 show the timing for wait recovery.
EXITSTOPWAIT
32 32
CYCLES CYCLES
RST(1)
BUSCLKX4
1. RST is only available if the RSTEN bit in the CONFIG2 register is set.
Figure 13-16. Wait Recovery from Internal Reset
The SIM counter is held in reset from the execution of the STOP instruction until the beginning of stop
recovery. It is then used to time the recovery period. Figure 13-17 shows stop mode entry timing and
Figure 13-18 shows the stop mode recovery time from interrupt or break
NOTE
To minimize stop current, all pins configured as inputs should be driven to
a logic 1 or logic 0.
CPUSTOP
R/W
NOTE: Previous data can be operand data or the STOP opcode, depending on the last instruction.
BUSCLKX4
INTERRUPT
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: POR PIN COP ILOP ILAD MODRST LVI 0
Write:
POR: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
BCFE R R R R R R R
Write:
Reset: 0
R = Reserved
14.1 Introduction
This section describes the timer interface module (TIM). The TIM module is a 2-channel timer that
provides a timing reference with input capture, output compare, and pulse-width-modulation functions.
The TIM module shares its pins with general-purpose input/output (I/O) port pins. See Figure 14-1 for port
location of these shared pins.
14.2 Features
Features include the following:
Two input capture/output compare channels
Rising-edge, falling-edge, or any-edge input capture trigger
Set, clear, or toggle output compare action
Buffered and unbuffered output compare pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal generation
Programmable clock input
7-frequency internal bus clock prescaler selection
External clock input pin if available, See Figure 14-1
Free-running or modulo up-count operation
Toggle any channel pin on overflow
Counter stop and reset bits
PTA0/TCH0/AD0//KBI0
CLOCK
PTA1/TCH1/AD1/KBI1
GENERATOR
PTA2/IRQ/KBI2/TCLK
DDRA
PTA
PTA3/RST/KBI3
KEYBOARD INTERRUPT
PTA4/OSC2/AD2/KBI4 MODULE
PTA5/OSC1/AD3/KBI5
M68HC08 CPU SINGLE INTERRUPT
MODULE
PTB0/AD4
PTB1/AD5
PTB2 AUTO WAKEUP
PTB3 MODULE
DDRB
PTB
PTB4
PTB5 LOW-VOLTAGE
PTB6 INHIBIT
PTB7
2-CHANNEL 16-BIT
TIMER MODULE
MC68HC08QY4 MC68HC08QY4
128 BYTES 4096 BYTES
COP
USER RAM USER ROM MODULE
6-CHANNEL
10-BIT ADC
TCLK TCLK
(IF AVAILABLE)
PRESCALER SELECT
INTERNAL PRESCALER
BUS CLOCK
TSTOP
PS2 PS1 PS0
TRST
16-BIT COUNTER
TOF INTERRUPT
TCNTH:TCNTL LOGIC
TOIE
16-BIT COMPARATOR
TMODH:TMODL
TOV0
CHANNEL 0 ELS0B ELS0A CH0MAX PORT
TCH0
LOGIC
16-BIT COMPARATOR
TCH0H:TCH0L CH0F
16-BIT LATCH INTERRUPT
LOGIC
MS0A CH0IE
MS0B
TOV1
CHANNEL 1 ELS1B ELS1A CH1MAX PORT
TCH1
LOGIC
INTERNAL BUS
16-BIT COMPARATOR
TCH1H:TCH1L CH1F
16-BIT LATCH INTERRUPT
CH1IE LOGIC
MS1A
the end of the current pulse) could cause two output compares to occur in the same counter
overflow period.
PERIOD
POLARITY = 1
T1CHx
(ELSxA = 0)
PULSE
WIDTH
POLARITY = 0
T1CHx
(ELSxA = 1)
The value in the TIM channel registers determines the pulse width of the PWM output. The pulse width of
an 8-bit PWM signal is variable in 256 increments. Writing $0080 (128) to the TIM channel registers
produces a duty cycle of 128/256 or 50%.
14.4 Interrupts
The following TIM sources can generate interrupt requests:
TIM overflow flag (TOF) The TOF bit is set when the counter reaches the modulo value
programmed in the TIM counter modulo registers. The TIM overflow interrupt enable bit, TOIE,
enables TIM overflow interrupt requests. TOF and TOIE are in the TSC register.
TIM channel flags (CH1F:CH0F) The CHxF bit is set when an input capture or output compare
occurs on channel x. Channel x TIM interrupt requests are controlled by the channel x interrupt
enable bit, CHxIE. Channel x TIM interrupt requests are enabled when CHxIE =1. CHxF and
CHxIE are in the TSCx register.
14.8 Registers
The following registers control and monitor operation of the TIM:
TIM status and control register (TSC)
TIM control registers (TCNTH:TCNTL)
TIM counter modulo registers (TMODH:TMODL)
TIM channel status and control registers (TSC0 and TSC1)
TIM channel registers (TCH0H:TCH0L and TCH1H:TCH1L)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: TOF 0 0
TOIE TSTOP PS2 PS1 PS0
Write: 0 TRST
Reset: 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
If another TIM overflow occurs before the clearing sequence is complete, then writing 0 to TOF has no
effect. Therefore, a TOF interrupt request cannot be lost due to inadvertent clearing of TOF. Writing
a 1 to TOF has no effect.
1 = Counter has reached modulo value
0 = Counter has not reached modulo value
TOIE TIM Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit
This read/write bit enables TIM overflow interrupts when the TOF bit becomes set.
1 = TIM overflow interrupts enabled
0 = TIM overflow interrupts disabled
TSTOP TIM Stop Bit
This read/write bit stops the counter. Counting resumes when TSTOP is cleared. Reset sets the
TSTOP bit, stopping the counter until software clears the TSTOP bit.
1 = Counter stopped
0 = Counter active
NOTE
Do not set the TSTOP bit before entering wait mode if the TIM is required
to exit wait mode. Also, when the TSTOP bit is set and the timer is
configured for input capture operation, input captures are inhibited until the
TSTOP bit is cleared.
TRST TIM Reset Bit
Setting this write-only bit resets the counter and the TIM prescaler. Setting TRST has no effect on any
other timer registers. Counting resumes from $0000. TRST is cleared automatically after the counter
is reset and always reads as 0.
1 = Prescaler and counter cleared
0 = No effect
NOTE
Setting the TSTOP and TRST bits simultaneously stops the counter at a
value of $0000.PS[2:0] Prescaler Select Bits
These read/write bits select one of the seven prescaler outputs as the input to the counter as
Table 14-1 shows.
Table 14-1. Prescaler Selection
PS2 PS1 PS0 TIM Clock Source
0 0 0 Internal bus clock 1
0 0 1 Internal bus clock 2
0 1 0 Internal bus clock 4
0 1 1 Internal bus clock 8
1 0 0 Internal bus clock 16
1 0 1 Internal bus clock 32
1 1 0 Internal bus clock 64
1 1 1 TCLK (if available)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Figure 14-5. TIM Counter High Register (TCNTH)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0
Write:
Reset: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Figure 14-8. TIM Counter Modulo Low Register (TMODL)
NOTE
Reset the counter before writing to the TIM counter modulo registers.
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: CH0F
CH0IE MS0B MS0A ELS0B ELS0A TOV0 CH0MAX
Write: 0
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Figure 14-9. TIM Channel 0 Status and Control Register (TSC0)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: CH1F 0
CH1IE MS1A ELS1B ELS1A TOV1 CH1MAX
Write: 0
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Setting MS0B causes the contents of TSC1 to be ignored by the TIM and reverts TCH1 to
general-purpose I/O.
1 = Buffered output compare/PWM operation enabled
0 = Buffered output compare/PWM operation disabled
MSxA Mode Select Bit A
When ELSxB:A 00, this read/write bit selects either input capture operation or unbuffered output
compare/PWM operation. See Table 14-2.
1 = Unbuffered output compare/PWM operation
0 = Input capture operation
When ELSxB:A = 00, this read/write bit selects the initial output level of the TCHx pin (see
Table 14-2).
1 = Initial output level low
0 = Initial output level high
NOTE
Before changing a channel function by writing to the MSxB or MSxA bit, set
the TSTOP and TRST bits in the TIM status and control register (TSC).
ELSxB and ELSxA Edge/Level Select Bits
When channel x is an input capture channel, these read/write bits control the active edge-sensing logic
on channel x.
When channel x is an output compare channel, ELSxB and ELSxA control the channel x output
behavior when an output compare occurs.
When ELSxB and ELSxA are both clear, channel x is not connected to an I/O port, and pin TCHx is
available as a general-purpose I/O pin. Table 14-2 shows how ELSxB and ELSxA work.
NOTE
After initially enabling a TIM channel register for input capture operation
and selecting the edge sensitivity, clear CHxF to ignore any erroneous
edge detection flags.
PERIOD
T1CHx
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8
Write:
Reset: Indeterminate after reset
Figure 14-12. TIM Channel x Register High (TCHxH)
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
Write:
Reset: Indeterminate after reset
15.1 Introduction
This section describes the break module, the monitor module (MON), and the monitor mode entry
methods.
PTA0/TCH0/AD0//KBI0
CLOCK
PTA1/TCH1/AD1/KBI1
GENERATOR
PTA2/IRQ/KBI2/TCLK
DDRA
PTA
PTA3/RST/KBI3
KEYBOARD INTERRUPT
PTA4/OSC2/AD2/KBI4 MODULE
PTA5/OSC1/AD3/KBI5
M68HC08 CPU SINGLE INTERRUPT
MODULE
PTB0/AD4
PTB1/AD5
PTB2 AUTO WAKEUP
PTB3 MODULE
DDRB
PTB
PTB4
PTB5 LOW-VOLTAGE
PTB6 INHIBIT
PTB7
2-CHANNEL 16-BIT
TIMER MODULE
MC68HC08QY4 MC68HC08QY4
128 BYTES 4096 BYTES
COP
USER RAM USER ROM MODULE
6-CHANNEL
10-BIT ADC
ADDRESS BUS[15:8]
8-BIT COMPARATOR
ADDRESS BUS[15:0]
CONTROL BKPT
8-BIT COMPARATOR (TO SIM)
ADDRESS BUS[7:0]
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
BDCOP
Write:
Reset: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= Unimplemented
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read: SBSW
R R R R R R R
Write: Note(1)
Reset: 0
R = Reserved 1. Writing a 0 clears SBSW.
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 0
Read:
BCFE R R R R R R R
Write:
Reset: 0
R = Reserved
1. No security feature is absolutely secure. However, Freescales strategy is to make reading or copying the ROM difficult for
unauthorized users.
POR RESET
YES
IRQ = VTST?
CONDITIONS
NO PTA0 = 1, NO
FROM Table 15-1
PTA1 = 1, AND
PTA4 = 0?
YES
HOST SENDS
8 SECURITY BYTES
IS RESET YES
POR?
NO
ARE ALL
YES NO
SECURITY BYTES
CORRECT?
EXECUTE
DEBUGGING
MONITOR CODE
VDD VDD
10 k* VDD
Figure 15-10. Monitor Mode Circuit (External Clock, with High Voltage)
The monitor code has been updated from previous versions of the monitor code to allow enabling the
internal oscillator to generate the internal clock. This addition, which is enabled when IRQ is returned to
normal logic levels after a reset into monitor mode is entered, is intended to support serial communication
at 9600 baud in monitor mode by using the internal oscillator, and the internal oscillator user trim value
OSCTRIM (ROM location $FFC0) to generate the desired internal frequency (3.2 MHz). The IRQ pin must
remain at normal logic levels during the monitor session in order to maintain communication.
Table 15-1 shows the pin conditions for entering monitor mode. As specified in the table, monitor mode
may be entered after a power-on reset (POR).
The rising edge of the internal RST signal with VTST applied to IRQ latches the monitor mode. Once
monitor mode is latched, the values on PTA1 and PTA4 pins can be changed.
Once out of reset, the MCU waits for the host to send eight security bytes (see 15.3.2 Security). After the
security bytes, the MCU sends a break signal (10 consecutive 0s) to the host, indicating that it is ready to
receive a command.
NC 1 2 GND
NC 3 4 RST
NC 5 6 IRQ
NC 7 8 PTA0
NC 9 10 PTA4
NC 11 12 PTA1
OSC1 13 14 NC
VDD 15 16 NC
Table 15-2 summarizes the differences between user mode and monitor mode regarding vectors.
Table 15-2. Mode Difference
Functions
Modes Reset Reset Break Break SWI SWI
Vector High Vector Low Vector High Vector Low Vector High Vector Low
User $FFFE $FFFF $FFFC $FFFD $FFFC $FFFD
Monitor $FEFE $FEFF $FEFC $FEFD $FEFC $FEFD
NEXT
START START
BIT BIT 0 BIT 1 BIT 2 BIT 3 BIT 4 BIT 5 BIT 6 BIT 7 STOP BIT
BIT
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
15.3.1.6 Commands
The monitor ROM firmware uses these commands:
READ (read memory)
WRITE (write memory)
IREAD (indexed read)
IWRITE (indexed write)
READSP (read stack pointer)
RUN (run user program)
The monitor ROM firmware echoes each received byte back to the PTA0 pin for error checking. An 11-bit
delay at the end of each command allows the host to send a break character to cancel the command. A
delay of two bit times occurs before each echo and before READ, IREAD, or READSP data is returned.
The data returned by a read command appears after the echo of the last byte of the command.
NOTE
Wait one bit time after each echo before sending the next byte.
FROM
HOST
4 1 4 1 4 1 3, 2 4
ECHO RETURN
Notes:
1 = Echo delay, approximately 2 bit times 3 = Cancel command delay, 11 bit times
2 = Data return delay, approximately 2 bit times 4 = Wait 1 bit time before sending next byte.
FROM
HOST
A brief description of each monitor mode command is given in Table 15-3 through Table 15-8.
ECHO RETURN
ECHO
ECHO RETURN
ECHO
A sequence of IREAD or IWRITE commands can access a block of memory sequentially over the full
64-Kbyte memory map.
SP SP
READSP READSP HIGH LOW
ECHO RETURN
RUN RUN
ECHO
The MCU executes the SWI and PSHH instructions when it enters monitor mode. The RUN command
tells the MCU to execute the PULH and RTI instructions. Before sending the RUN command, the host can
modify the stacked CPU registers to prepare to run the host program. The READSP command returns
the incremented stack pointer value, SP + 1. The high and low bytes of the program counter are at
addresses SP + 5 and SP + 6.
SP
HIGH BYTE OF INDEX REGISTER SP + 1
CONDITION CODE REGISTER SP + 2
ACCUMULATOR SP + 3
LOW BYTE OF INDEX REGISTER SP + 4
HIGH BYTE OF PROGRAM COUNTER SP + 5
LOW BYTE OF PROGRAM COUNTER SP + 6
SP + 7
15.3.2 Security
A security feature discourages unauthorized reading of ROM locations while in monitor mode. The host
can bypass the security feature at monitor mode entry by sending eight security bytes that match the
bytes at locations $FFF6$FFFD. Locations $FFF6$FFFD contain user-defined data.
NOTE
Do not leave locations $FFF6$FFFD blank. For security reasons, program
locations $FFF6$FFFD even if they are not used for vectors.
During monitor mode entry, the MCU waits after the power-on reset for the host to send the eight security
bytes on pin PTA0. If the received bytes match those at locations $FFF6$FFFD, the host bypasses the
security feature and can read all ROM locations and execute code from ROM. Security remains bypassed
until a power-on reset occurs. If the reset was not a power-on reset, security remains bypassed and
security code entry is not required. See Figure 15-16.
Upon power-on reset, if the received bytes of the security code do not match the data at locations
$FFF6$FFFD, the host fails to bypass the security feature. The MCU remains in monitor mode, but
reading a ROM location returns an invalid value and trying to execute code from ROM causes an illegal
address reset. After receiving the eight security bytes from the host, the MCU transmits a break character,
signifying that it is ready to receive a command.
NOTE
The MCU does not transmit a break character until after the host sends the
eight security bytes.
VDD
RST
COMMAND
BYTE 1
BYTE 2
BYTE 8
FROM HOST
PA0
4 1 3 1 1 2 3 1
FROM MCU
BYTE 1 ECHO
BYTE 2 ECHO
BYTE 8 ECHO
BREAK
COMMAND ECHO
Notes:
1 = Echo delay, approximately 2 bit times
2 = Data return delay, approximately 2 bit times
3 = Wait 1 bit time before sending next byte
4 = Wait until clock is stable and monitor runs
To determine whether the security code entered is correct, check to see if bit 6 of RAM address $80 is
set. If it is, then the correct security code has been entered and ROM can be accessed.
If the security sequence fails, the device should be reset by a power-on reset and brought up in monitor
mode to attempt another entry.
16.1 Introduction
This section contains electrical and timing specifications.
NOTE
This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due to
high static voltages or electric fields; however, it is advised that normal
precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than
maximum-rated voltages to this high-impedance circuit. For proper
operation, it is recommended that VIN and VOUT be constrained to the
range VSS (VIN or VOUT) VDD. Reliability of operation is enhanced if
unused inputs are connected to an appropriate logic voltage level (for
example, either VSS or VDD.)
TA 40 to +125 M
Operating temperature range 40 to +105 C V
(TL to TH)
40 to +85 C
Operating voltage range VDD 1.8 to 5.5 V
PD x (TA + 273C)
Constant(2) K W/C
+ PD2 x JA
1. VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 Vdc, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH, unless otherwise noted.
2. Typical values reflect average measurements at midpoint of voltage range, 25C only.
3. Values are based on characterization results, not tested in production.
4. All functional non-supply pins are internally clamped to VSS and VDD.
5. Input must be current limited to the value specified. To determine the value of the required current-limiting resistor, calculate
resistance values for positive and negative clamp voltages, then use the larger of the two values.
6. Power supply must maintain regulation within operating VDD range during instantaneous and operating maximum current
conditions. If positive injection current (Vin > VDD) is greater than IDD, the injection current may flow out of VDD and could
result in external power supply going out of regulation. Ensure external VDD load will shunt current greater than maximum
injection current. This will be the greatest risk when the MCU is not consuming power. Examples are: if no system clock is
present, or if clock rate is very low (which would reduce overall power consumption).
7. If minimum VDD is not reached before the internal POR reset is released, the LVI will hold the part in reset until minimum
VDD is reached.
8. RPU is measured at VDD = 5.0 V.
9. RPD is measured at VDD = 5.0 V, Pulldown resistors only available when KBIx is enabled with KBIxPOL =1.
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
VDD-VOH (V)
5V PTA
0.8
5V PTB
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30
IOH (mA)
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
5V PTA
VOL (V)
0.8 5V PTB
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
IOL (mA)
1. VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 Vdc, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH; timing shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VSS, unless otherwise
noted.
2. Values are based on characterization results, not tested in production.
3. The minimum period is the number of cycles it takes to execute the interrupt service routine plus 1 tcyc.
tRL
RST
tILIL
tILIH
IRQ
Monitor mode entry voltage (3) VTST VDD + 2.5 VDD + 4.0 V
Low-voltage inhibit reset, trip rising voltage(6) VTRIPR 1.90 2.05 2.20 V
1. VDD = 2.7 to 3.3 Vdc, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH, unless otherwise noted.
2. Typical values reflect average measurements at midpoint of voltage range, 25C only.
3. Values are based on characterization results, not tested in production.
4. All functional non-supply pins are internally clamped to VSS and VDD.
5. Input must be current limited to the value specified. To determine the value of the required current-limiting resistor, calculate
resistance values for positive and negative clamp voltages, then use the larger of the two values.
6. Power supply must maintain regulation within operating VDD range during instantaneous and operating maximum current
conditions. If positive injection current (Vin > VDD) is greater than IDD, the injection current may flow out of VDD and could
result in external power supply going out of regulation. Ensure external VDD load will shunt current greater than maximum
injection current. This will be the greatest risk when the MCU is not consuming power. Examples are: if no system clock is
present, or if clock rate is very low (which would reduce overall power consumption).
7. If minimum VDD is not reached before the internal POR reset is released, the LVI will hold the part in reset until minimum
VDD is reached.
8. RPU is measured at VDD = 3.0 V
9. RPD is measured at VDD = 3.0 V, Pulldown resistors only available when KBIx is enabled with KBIxPOL =1.
1.2
1.0
0.8
VDD-VOH (V)
3V PTA
0.6
3V PTB
0.4
0.2
0.0
0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25
IOH (mA)
1.2
1.0
0.8
3V PTA
VOL (V)
0.6 3V PTB
0.4
0.2
0.0
0 5 10 15 20 25
IOL (mA)
1. VDD = 2.7 to 3.3 Vdc, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH; timing shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VDD, unless otherwise
noted.
2. Values are based on characterization results, not tested in production.
3. The minimum period is the number of cycles it takes to execute the interrupt service routine plus 1 tcyc.
tRL
RST
tILIL
tILIH
IRQ
Monitor mode entry voltage (3) VTST VDD + 2.5 VDD + 4.0 V
Low-voltage inhibit reset, trip rising voltage(6) VTRIPR 1.90 2.05 2.20 V
1.2
0.8
VDD-VOH (V)
2.0V PTA
0.6
2.0V PTB
0.4
0.2
0
0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10
IOH (mA)
1.2
0.8
2.0V PTA
VOL (V)
0.6
2.0V PTB
0.4
0.2
0
0 2 4 6 8 10
IOL (mA)
1. VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH; timing shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VDD, unless otherwise noted.
2. Values are based on characterization results, not tested in production.
3. The minimum period is the number of cycles it takes to execute the interrupt service routine plus 1 tcyc.
tRL
RST
tILIL
tILIH
IRQ
ECFS1:ECFS0 = 00 (8)
Feedback bias resistor RB 1 M
Crystal load capacitance(9) CL 20 pF
Crystal capacitors(9) C1,C2 (2 x CL) 5pF pF
ECFS1:ECFS0 = 01(8)
Crystal series damping resistor RS
fOSCXCLK = 1 MHz 20 k
fOSCXCLK = 4 MHz 10 k
fOSCXCLK = 8 MHz 0 k
Feedback bias resistor RB 5 M
CL 18 pF
Crystal load capacitance(9)
C1,C2 (2 x CL) 10 pF pF
Crystal capacitors(9)
12
5V 25 oC
10
(MHz)
8
RC FREQUENCY,RCCLK
f
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Rext (k ohms)
12
3V 25 oC
(MHz) 10
8
RC FREQUENCY,RCCLK
f
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Rext (k ohms)
9
2.0V 25 oC
8
7
(MHz)
6
RC FREQUENCY,RCCLK
f
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Rext (k ohms)
3
IDD
0
0 1 2 3 4
FREQUENCY
2.5
0.5
0
0 1 2 3 4
BUS FREQUENCY (MHz)
1.2
0.8
Internal OSC (No A/D)
IDD (mA)
0.4
0.2
0
0 1 2 3
BUS FREUQENCY (MHz)
1. Typical values assume VDD = 5.0 V, temperature = 25C, fADCK = 1.0 MHz unless otherwise stated. Typical values are for
reference only and are not tested in production.
2. Incremental IDD added to MCU mode current.
3. Values are based on characterization results, not tested in production.
4. Reference the ADC module specification for more information on calculating conversion times.
5. Based on typical input pad leakage current.
6. LVI must be enabled, (LVIPWRD = 0, in CONFIG1). Voltage input to ADCH4:0 = $1A, an ADC conversion on this channel
allows user to determine supply voltage.
tTLTL
tTH
INPUT CAPTURE
RISING EDGE
tTLTL
tTL
INPUT CAPTURE
FALLING EDGE
tTLTL
tTH tTL
INPUT CAPTURE
BOTH EDGES
tTCH
TCLK
tTCL
MC68HC08QY1X XX E
FAMILY INDICATES Pb-FREE PACKAGE
PACKAGE DESIGNATOR
TEMPERATURE RANGE
MC68HC08QY4
Rev. 2, 3/2010