ABSTRACT

Wireless technology is one of the main areas of research in the world of communication
systems today and a study of communication systems is incomplete without an
understanding of the operation and fabrication of antennas. This was the main reason for
our selecting a project focusing on this field.
Communication applications require wide band and highly directive planner Antennas.
For such requirement this work deals with the design anddesign and characterization of
microstrip antenna over WiMAX and WLAN frequency. The proposed Antenna is
designed at an operating frequency of 2 to 6GHz to meet requirement of wideband
applications. The Antennas bandwidth is found to be increased up to 464.5 MHz and
return loss is reduced to -18 dB i.e. the potential properties like return loss, bandwidth,
directivity, gain and total efficiency of the proposed Antenna increases to a great extent in
comparison to the Rectangular Patch Antenna alone.
The report details the implementation of microstrip antenna over WiMAX frequency that
is between 2.2 GHz to 5.8 GHz. The main focus of this project was to miniaturize the
microstrip antenna using different techniques like cutting of slots, use of DGS. A
microstrip patch antenna is designed using sonetlite software and various results are
obtained which tells the required antenna will work on a frequency less than 6Ghz and
return loss greater than -20dB. As the size of microstrip antenna increases with reduction
in frequency so our major aim was to reduce the size of antenna and also keep our
frequency in the given range. For obtaining this we tried and tested different antenna
designs over the sonetlite software and obtained various curves for return loss. We started
the final design of our antenna for a frequency range of 3.6GHz and then implemented
the concept of DGS in order to keep the size of antenna same. In order of implementing
metamaterials we cut annular slotted rings on the ground of the microstrip antenna and
were we succeeded in obtaining the frequency range of 2 to 6 GHz. After successful
implementation of antenna on software we printed the same circuit on a double sided FR4
Glass Epoxy PCB plate (dielectric constant 4.4) and got our final antenna design ready.

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