Harry R.

Lewis

For other people named Harry Lewis, see Harry Lewis the head of a school for intellectually disabled children.
(disambiguation). At the end of the eleventh grade he graduated summa
cum laude from Bostons Roxbury Latin School, and in
Harry Roy Lewis (born 1947) [1]
is an American 1968 received his BA (summa, Quincy House) in applied
mathematics from Harvard College,[1][13] where he was
computer scientist, mathematician, and university ad- [14]
ministrator known for his research in computational logic, elected to Phi Beta Kappa
[15]
and was for a time a third-
string lacrosse goalie. As a senior he lectured a gradu-
textbooks in theoretical computer science, and writings
on computing, higher education, and technology. He ate class in applied mathematics using an early computer-
is Gordon McKay Professor of Computer Science at graphics apparatus he had devised for visualizing mathe-
[11]
Harvard University, and was Dean of Harvard College matical concepts.
from 1995 to 2003. After two years as a mathematician and computer sci-
Lewis has been honored for his particularly distin- entist for the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda,
guished contributions to undergraduate teaching"; his stu- Maryland, he spent a year in Europe as a Frederick Shel-
dents have included future entrepreneurs Mark Zucker- don Traveling Fellow. He then returned to Harvard,
berg and Bill Gates, and numerous future faculty mem- where he earned his M.A. in 1973 and PhD in 1974. He
bers at Harvard and other schools. The website Six De- became Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Har-
grees to Harry Lewis, created by Zuckerberg while at vard in 1974, Associate Professor in 1978, and has been
Harvard, was a precursor to Facebook.[6][7][8][9][10] Gordon McKay Professor of Computer Science since
1981.[12]
A new professorship in Engineering and Applied Sci-
Lewis plans to retire in 2020,[16] at which time a new
ences, endowed by a former student, will be named for
Lewis and his wife upon their retirements. professorship in Engineering and Applied Sciences, en-
dowed by former student Larry Lebowitz, will be named
for him and for his wife Marlyn McGrath, who is Har-
vards director of admissions.[17]
1 Education and career

2 Teaching

Teaching
in 2012

Lewis has pointed out that largely because his career be-
gan when the eld of computer science barely existed,
Lewis demonstrating his senior thesis project, SHAPESHIFTER,
via video link to a class in another room[11][L68] and Harvard oered almost no computer science courses
at the undergraduate level he originated almost all the
Lewis was born in Boston[12] and grew up in Wellesley, courses he has taught.[18] It was his proposal, in the late
Massachusetts. His parents were physicians, his mother 1970s, that Harvard create a major specically for com-

1
2 4 WRITINGS ON EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY

puter science[19] (which until then had been a branch of

Harvards applied mathematics program).[L2]
From 2003 to 2008 he was designated a Harvard College
Professor in recognition of particularly distinguished
contributions to undergraduate teaching.[20] Six of his
teaching assistants[21] are now members of the Har-
vard faculty[18] and many others are professors of com-
puter science (or related disciplines) elsewhere;[22] many
have gone on to win teaching awards themselves, in-
cluding Eric Roberts (Association for Computing Ma-
chinery Karlstrom Award),[23] Nicholas Horton (Robert
V. Hogg Award),[24] Joseph A. Konstan (University of
Minnesota Distinguished University Teaching Professor,
Graduate/Professional Teaching Award),[25] and Margo On Halloween 1982, Lewis teaching assistants appeared at his
home in Harry Lewis costume, including his then-trademark
Seltzer (Herchel Smith Professor of Computer Science
mustache and pipe. Future Harvard professor Margo Seltzer is
at Harvard, Phi Beta Kappa teaching award, Abramson at left.[22]
Teaching Award).[26]
His undergraduate students have included Mark Zucker-
berg (whose website Six Degrees to Harry Lewis was underage alcohol use, and random assignment of students
a precursor to Facebook six degrees being a reference to upperclass houses (countering the social segregation
to the small world hypothesis),[Note 5] Microsoft founder found under the prior system of assignment according to
Bill Gates (who solved an open theoretical problem Lewis student preference).[Note 6][1][30] He also pressed improve-
had described in class),[Note 1] and nine future Harvard ments to advising and health care.[1][31][32]
professors.[18] After the 2001 inauguration of Harvards new president,
Lewis is the author or coauthor of three undergraduate Lawrence Summers, Lewis and Summers came into con-
textbooks: ict over the direction of the College and its educational
philosophy.[1][33][27][34] Lewis, for example, emphasized
the importance of extracurricular pursuits, advising in-
An Introduction to Computer Programming and Data
[L81] coming freshmen that exibility in your schedule, un-
Structures using MACRO-11 (1981). MACRO-
structured time in your day, and evenings spent with your
11 was an assembly language for PDP-11 comput-
friends rather than your books are all, in a larger sense, es-
ers.
sential for your education, while Summers complained
Elements of the Theory of Computation (1981, of an insuciently intellectual Camp Harvard and told
with Christos H. Papadimitriou)Template:Rab cov- students: You are here to work, and your business here
[35][L06]:86-90[L1]
ers automata theory, computational complexity the- is to learn. After Lewis issued what The
ory, and the theory of formal languages; its inclu- Harvard Crimson called a scathing indictment of the
sion of complexity theory and mathematical logic view that increasing intellectual rigor ought to be the
was innovative for its time. It has been called an [Colleges] priority pointing out that prospective em-
excellent traditional text but one whose terse and ployers show less interest in grades than in personal qual-
[33]
heavily mathematical style can be intimidating. Al- ities built outside the classroom he was peremptorily
[33][36][32][1]
though intended for undergraduates, it has also been removed as dean in March 2003.
used for introductory graduate courses. Lewis continued to teach throughout his time as dean.[20]
In 2015 he served as interim Dean of the Harvard School
Data Structures and Their Algorithms (1997, with
[LD] of Engineering and Applied Sciences.[37]
Larry Denenberg).

3 Dean of Harvard College 4 Writings on education and tech-

In 1994 Lewis coauthored the comprehensive Report
on the Structure of Harvard College,[27][28] and in 1995[20]
he was appointed dean of the College, responsible for the
nonacademic aspects of Harvard undergraduate life.[29]
In that capacity he oversaw a number of sometimes-
controversial policy changes, including changes to the
handling of allegations of sexual assault, reorganization
of the colleges public-service programs, a crackdown on
nology
Lewis is a Faculty Associate of Harvards Berkman Cen-
ter for Internet & Society.[38] In addition to his research
publications and textbooks, he has written a number of
works on higher education and the impact of computers
on society.
His Excellence Without A Soul: How a Great University
 3

Forgot Education (2006) critiques what he sees as the Baseball as a Second Language: Explaining the Game
abandonment by American universities, including Har- Americans Use to Explain Everything Else (self-published
vard, of the as an experiment in open access in 2011)[39] discusses
the many ways baseball concepts and imagery have made
fundamental job of undergraduate educa- their way into American English.[40] It was inspired by
tion ... to turn eighteen- and nineteen-year-olds Lewis experiences explaining baseball to international
into twenty-one- and twenty-two-year-olds, to students.[39]
help them grow up, to learn who they are, to
search for a larger purpose for their lives, and
to leave college as better human beings.[L06]:xii 5 Research
In Renewing the Civic Mission of American Higher Ed-
ucation (with Ellen Condlie Lagemann, 2012) Lewis
warns that a ourishing multiplicity of worthy but un-
coordinated agendas has crowded out higher educations
commitment to the common good":

The ongoing erosion of civic concerns

within American higher education is alarming
and dangerous ... [Colleges] are a natural place
for citizens to learn values beyond their own
personal welfare, to see themselves as part of
a society of mutual rights and responsibilities.
They should be settings in which engagement
with questions concerning justice and good-
ness is essential to daily routines ... Eective
civic education must simultaneously involve
students capacities for thinking intellectually,
for making moral judgments, and for [taking
action in response to those judgments] ... Free
societies will not thrive unless colleges, grad-
uate schools, and professional schools under-
stand that the civic health of the nation is one
of their central responsibilities.[LL]:10-11
Developed from a course taught by its authors, Blown to
Bits: Your Life, Liberty, and Happiness After the Digital
Explosion (2008, with Hal Abelson and Ken Ledeen) ex-
plores the origins and consequences of the 21st-century
explosion in digital information, including its impact on
culture and privacy:
It is now possible, in principle, to remem-
ber everything that anyone says, writes, sings,
draws, or photographs. Everything. If digi-
tized, the world has enough disks and mem-
ory chips to save it all, for as long as civiliza-
tion can keep producing computers and disk
drives. Global computer networks can make
it available to everywhere in the world, almost
instantly. And computers are powerful enough
to extract meaning from all that information, to
nd patterns and make connections in the blink
of an eye.
In centuries gone by, others may have dreamed
these things could happen, in utopian fan-
tasies or in nightmares. But now they are
happening.[ALL]:xiii
Lewis in his oce (2016)
Lewis undergraduate thesis, Two applications of hand-
printed two-dimensional computer input[L68] dealt with
handwriting recognition, the parsing of handwritten
mathematics, and their application to experimental math-
ematics. It was written under computer graphics pioneer
Ivan Sutherland[12] and was followed by several papers on
related topics.[41]
Much of Lewis subsequent research concerned the
computational complexity of problems in mathematical
logic. His doctoral thesis, Herbrand Expansions and Re-
ductions of the Decision Problem, was supervised by
Burton Dreben and dealt with Herbrands theorem.[12][42]
His 1979 book, Unsolvable classes of quanticational for-
mulas[L79] complemented The Decision Problem: Solv-
able classes of quanticational formula by Dreben and
Warren Goldfarb.[43]
His 1978 paper Renaming a set of clauses as a Horn
set addressed the Boolean satisability problem, of de-
termining whether a logic formula in conjunctive nor-
mal form can be made true by a suitable assignment of
its variables. In general, these problems are hard, but
there are two major subclasses of satisability for which
polynomial time solutions are known: 2-satisability
(where each clause of the formula has two literals) and
Horn-satisability (where each clause has at most one
positive literal). Lewis expanded the second of these sub-
classes, by showing that the problem can still be solved in
polynomial time when the input is not already in Horn
form, but can be put into Horn form by replacing some
variables by their negations. The problem of choos-
ing which variables to negate to make each clause get
4 7 NOTES
two positive literals, making the re-signed instance into
a Horn set, turns out to be expressible as an instance of
2-satisability, the other solvable case of the satisability
problem. By solving a 2-satisability instance to turn the
given input into a Horn set, Lewis shows that the instances
that can be turned into Horn sets can also be solved in
polynomial time.[L78] The time for the sign reassignment
in the original version of what Lindhorst and Shahrokhi
called this elegant result[44] was O (mn2 ) for an instance
with m clauses and n variables, but it can be reduced to
linear time by breaking long input clauses into smaller
clauses and applying a faster 2-satisability algorithm.[45]
Lewiss paper Complexity results for classes of quanti-
cational formulas (1980) deals with the computational
complexity of problems in rst-order logic. Such prob-
lems are undecidable in general, but there are several spe-
cial classes of these problems, dened by restricting the
order in which their quantiers appear, that were known
to be decidable. One of these special classes, for instance,
is the BernaysSchnnkel class. For each of these
special classes, Lewis establishes tight exponential time
bounds either for deterministic or nondeterministic time
complexity. For instance, he shows that the Bernays
Schnnkel class is NEXPTIME-complete, and more
specically that its nondeterministic time complexity is
both upper- and lower-bounded by a singly exponen-
tial function of the input length.[L80] Brger, Grdel,
and Gurevich write that this paper initiated the study
of the complexity of decidable classes of the decision
problem.[46]
A logic of concrete time intervals (1990) concerned
temporal logic.[L90] This paper accompanied an earlier
Aiken Computation Laboratory technical report, Finite-
state analysis of asynchronous circuits with bounded tem-
poral uncertainty, where he rst proposed the represen-
tation of an asynchronous circuit, with bounded temporal
uncertainty on gate transition events, as a nite-state ma-
chine. This paper was the earliest work on the verica-
tion of timing properties that modeled time both asyn-
chronously and continuously, neither discretizing time
nor imposing a global clock.[47]
Some of Lewiss other heavily cited research papers ex-
tend beyond logic. His paper Symbolic evaluation and
the global value graph (1977, with his student John Reif)
concerned data-ow analysis and symbolic execution in
compilers.[RL] And his paper Symmetric space-bounded
computation (1982, with Christos Papadimitriou)[LP82]
was the rst to dene symmetric Turing machines and
symmetric space complexity classes such as SL (an
undirected or reversible analogue of nondeterministic
space complexity, later shown to coincide with determin-
istic logarithmic space).[48] In 1982, he chaired the pro-
gram committee for the Symposium on Theory of Com-
puting,[STOC] one of the two top research conferences in
theoretical computer science, considered broadly.[49]
6 Personal
Lewis is a Visitor of Ralston College and a Life Trustee
of the Roxbury Latin School.[50] From 1995 to 2003
he was Trustee of the Charity of Edward Hopkins.[12]
Washington Post journalist David Fahrenthold is his son-
in-law;[51] while still a Harvard undergraduate, Fahren-
thold wrote of his future father-in-law:
I've heard that if you sit out by the river long
enough, Dean of the College Harry R. Lewis
'68 comes along and hands out computer sci-
ence problem sets so you'll get back to work.[52]
7 Notes
[1] Gates was a sophomore in Lewiss combinatorics class
when Lewis posed the pancake sorting problem as an ex-
ample of a problem that was easy to describe but [nonethe-
less] had not been solved. Gates brought a solution to
Lewis a few days afterward, and later published it with
the assistance of Christos Papadimitriou, an assistant pro-
fessor at Harvard at the time.[2]
[2] Leinweber became a nancial analyst after joining the
Harvard applied mathematics graduate program intend-
ing to study computer graphics, but discovering that the
graphics courses were no longer taught. Lewis became
his de facto advisor, steered him to broader studies, and
(through his connections with the RAND Corporation)
helped get him his rst job.[3]
[3] Seltzer worked for Lewis as an undergraduate teaching as-
sistant in a course that, years later, she herself taught after
joining the Harvard faculty.[4]
[4] Vadhan writes that taking Lewis course as an undergrad-
uate opened my eyes to the deep and beautiful theory on
which computer science is built ... What I found extraor-
dinary ... was that students could learn about open prob-
lems at the frontier of the eld basic problems that we
aren't even close to solving in an introductory course.
Later, a 2004 sabbatical by Lewis gave Vadhan the chance
to teach the same course himself.[5]
[5] In 2004 Zuckerberg wrote to Lewis,
Professor, I've been interested in graph
theory and its applications to social networks
for a while now, so I did some research ...
that has to do with linking people through ar-
ticles they appear in from [The Crimson, the
Harvard student newspaper]. I thought peo-
ple would nd this interesting, so I've set up
a preliminary site that allows people to nd
the connection (through people and articles)
from any person to the most frequently men-
tioned person in the time frame I looked at.
That person is you.
I wanted to ask your permission to put this
site up though, since it has your name in its
title.
8.3 Textbooks 5

After some discussion Lewis gave his approval: Sure, Center for Internet
what the hell. Seems harmless.[6][7][8][9][10] and Society

[6] See Harvard College House system.

8.3 Textbooks

8 Selected publications Gallier, Jean H.

(September 1984).
Review: Elements
8.1 Computer science research of the Theory of
Computation by
Brger, Egon (1981). Harry R. Lewis;
Review of Unsolv- Christos H. Pa-
able classes of quan- padimitriou.
ticational formulas. Journal of Sym-
MR0544668. bolic Logic. 49
Gurevich, Yuri (3): 989990.
(1982). Book Re- doi:10.2307/2274157.
view: The decision Greenleaf, New-
problem: Solvable comb. Bringing
classes of quanti- mathematics ed-
cational formulas. ucation into the
Book Review: Un- algorithmic age. In
solvable classes Myers, J. Paul, Jr.;
of quanticational O'Donnell, Michael
formulas". Bulletin J. Constructivity in
of the American Computer Science:
Mathematical So- Summer Sympo-
ciety. New Series. sium San Antonio,
7 (1): 273277. TX, June 1922,
doi:10.1090/S0273- 1991, Proceedings.
0979-1982-15033-9. Lecture Notes in
MR 1567367. Computer Science.
613. Springer.
pp. 199217.
8.2 Computers and society doi:10.1007/bfb0021092.
See in particular p.
Gasarch, William 205.
(2009). Review
of Blown to Bits"
(PDF). The Book 8.4 Higher education
Review Column.
ACM SIGACT News. Sleeper, Jim
40 (1): 1013. (May 28, 2006).
doi:10.1145/1515698.1515701. Examining the
Tanaka Okopnik, Crimsons civic
Kat (August 31, slide. Boston Globe.
2008). Book Re- Shea, Christopher
view: Blown to Bits. (July 2, 2006).
Linux Gazette. No. Poison Ivy: A
154. Harvard man urges
O the Shelf: Re- the school to rede-
cent books with Har- ne its mission.
vard connections. Washington Post.
Harvard Magazine. Gasarch, William
JulyAugust 2008. (2007). Review of
Interview with Excellence Without
authors, Stanford a Soul" (PDF). The
6 9 REFERENCES

Book Review Col- [2] Kestenbaum, David (July 4, 2008). Before Microsoft,
umn. ACM SIGACT Gates Solved A Pancake Problem. National Public Ra-
News. 38 (1): 913. dio.
doi:10.1145/1233481.1233486.
Gates, William H.; Papadimitriou, Christos H.
(1979). Bounds for sorting by prex reversal
Ream, Todd C. (PDF). Discrete Mathematics. 27 (1): 4757.
(Spring 2013). doi:10.1016/0012-365X(79)90068-2.
What Is College
[3] Lindsey, Richard R.; Schachter, Barry, eds. (2011). How
For? The Public
I Became a Quant: Insights from 25 of Wall Streets Elite.
Purpose of Higher John Wiley & Sons. p. 13. ISBN 9781118044759.
Education. The
Review of Higher [4] Cromie, William J. (September 28, 2000). Making it all
Education. 36 (3): compute: Blackbelt, professor, mom, Seltzer integrates
427429. career and family. Harvard Gazette.
Cecil, Kyle (2014). [5] Salil Vadhan: The Beauty of Computer Science. Fac-
What Is College ulty proles. Harvard John A. Poulson School of Engi-
For? The Public neering and Applied Sciences. Retrieved April 3, 2017.
Purpose of Higher
Education. Journal [6] Tanner, Adam (2014). The Puzzle of Your Identity:
of Higher Education Six Degrees to Harry Lewis. What Stays in Vegas: The
Outreach and En- World of Personal DataLifeblood of Big Businessand
the End of Privacy as We Know It. PublicAairs. p. 97.
gagement. 18 (2):
ISBN 9781610396394.
307312.
Bettencourt, Genia [7] Kirkpatrick, David (2010). The Facebook Eect: The In-
M.; Kimball, Ezekial side Story of the Company That Is Connecting the World.
(2015). Book Simon and Schuster. p. 26. ISBN 9781439109809. He
Review: What is also wrote a program he called Six Degrees of Harry
Lewis, an homage to a favorite computer science pro-
College For? The
fessor.
Public Purpose
of Higher Educa- [8] Lewis, Harry R. (November 7, 2011). My Real Contri-
tion. Journal of bution to the Birth of Facebook. Bits and Pieces.
Student Aairs Re-
search and Practice. [9] Lewis, Harry R. (May 19, 2012). My REAL Contribu-
52 (2): 234236. tion to the Birth of Facebook (II)". Bits and Pieces.
doi:10.1080/19496591.2015.1018271. [10] Guan, Amy; Jain, Radhika (April 8, 2011), Young En-
Rawls, Kristin (Oc- trepreneurs Put College on Hold, The Harvard Crimson
tober 12, 2012). 10.
'What Is College [11] Kramer, Joel R. (November 9, 1967). Computer Stops
Counting, Draws. The Harvard Crimson.
For? The Public
Purpose of Higher [12] Harry Lewis curriculum vitae. Lewis.seas.harvard.edu.
Education,' edited Retrieved 2017-03-21.
by Ellen Condlie
Lagemann and Harry [13] Rochelson, David B. (April 30, 2003). Foundation Hon-
Lewis. 10 must- ors Advocates of Diversity. The Harvard Crimson.
read books about
[14] PBK Elects. The Harvard Crimson. November 16,
higher education in 1967.
America. Christian
Science Monitor. [15] Rochelson, David B. (April 29, 2003). Lewis Defended
University Athletics. The Harvard Crimson.

[16] Debenedictis, Julia E. (February 28, 2017). Harry Lewis

8.5 Other
To Retire After 46 Years. The Harvard Crimson.

9 References [17] I Choose Harvard: Laurence Lebowitz '82, MBA'88 |

[1] Bradley, Richard (2005). Harvard rules: the struggle for
the soul of the worlds most powerful university (1st ed.).
HarperCollins. pp. 229242. ISBN 0-06-056854-2.
Stories | Harvard Alumni. Alumni.harvard.edu. 2017-
03-17. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
[18] Lewis, Harry R. (March 1, 2017). An odd fact about my
teaching career. Bits and Pieces.

[19] Guo, Cynthia (February 18, 2016). Professor Harry
Lewis. The Harvard Crimson.
[20] McGreevey, Sue (May 22, 2003). Five teachers honored
with Harvard College Professorships | Harvard Gazette.
News.harvard.edu.
[21] Teaching Fellows | Harry R. Lewis.
Lewis.seas.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
[22] Lewis, Harry R. (October 4, 2012). A 30th Anniversary
Family Photo. Bits and Pieces.
[23] ACM Karl V. Karlstrom Outstanding Educator Award
Award Winners: Alphabetical Listing. Awards.acm.org.
Retrieved 2017-03-21.
[24] SIGMAA on Statistics Education. Sigmaa.maa.org.
Retrieved 2017-03-21.
[25] Award for Outstanding Contributions to Postbaccalau-
reate, Graduate, and Professional Education. Scholars
Walk. University of Minnesota. March 6, 2017. Re-
trieved 2017-03-21.
[26] Margo I. Seltzer | Harvard John A. Paulson School of En-
gineering and Applied Sciences. Seas.harvard.edu. Re-
trieved 2017-03-21.
[27] Blenkinsopp, Alexander J.; O'Brien, Rebecca D. (June 5,
2003). Constructing the Deanship: One Mans Job. The
Harvard Crimson.
[28] Committee on the Structure of Harvard College (August
19, 1994). Report on the Structure of Harvard College.
Submitted to the Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences
(PDF) (Report). p. 83.
[29] Lewis Forced Out: Dean of College to leave post after
almost eight years. The Harvard Crimson. March 18,
2003.
[30] Macmillan, Valerie J. (January 31, 1996). Lewis Trying
Term. The Harvard Crimson.
[31] Lewis to conclude service as College oces unite. Har-
vard Gazette. March 20, 2003.
[32] Deconstructing the college deanship. John Harvards
Journal. Harvard Magazine. MayJune 2003.
[33] Theodore, Elisabeth S.; Vascellaro, Jessica E. (March 18,
2003). Lewis Departure May Mean Shift in Colleges
Priorities. The Harvard Crimson.
[34] Blenkinsopp, Alexander J. (June 5, 2003). Dean Ousted
In College Shakeup. The Harvard Crimson.
Lewis Deserved Better. The Harvard Crimson.
March 18, 2003.
Finder, Alan; Healy, Patrick; Zernike, Kate (Febru-
ary 22, 2006). President of Harvard Resigns, End-
ing Stormy 5-Year Tenure. New York Times.
Tobin, Susannah B. (June 2, 2003). A Worthy Ad-
versary. The Harvard Crimson.
[35] Kessler, Judd B. (April 8, 2003). A 168-Hour Week.
The Harvard Crimson.
7
[36] Freinberg, Anthony S. A. (March 21, 2003). Debunking
'Camp Harvard'". The Harvard Crimson.
[37] A new dean for SEAS | Harvard John A. Paulson School
of Engineering and Applied Sciences. Seas.harvard.edu.
2015-05-14. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
[38] People | Berkman Klein Center. Cy-
ber.law.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
[39] Lewis, Harry R. (August 18, 2011). Baseball as a Second
Language. Bits and Pieces.
[40] Lingua Branca: Harry Lewis explains how baseball ex-
plains everything. John Harvards Journal. Harvard
Magazine. MarchApril 2012.
[41] "SHAPESHIFTER: An interactive program for experi-
menting with complex-plane transformations"; Proceed-
ings of the 23rd National Conference of the Association
for Computing Machinery, 1968; pp. 717724
An interactive graphics facility under the PDP-10/50
timesharing monitor"; Proceedings of the DECUS Fall
1969 Conference; pp. 5962
Techniques for generating, manipulating, and storage
management of type 340 display les"; Proceedings of the
DECUS Fall 1969 Conference; pp. 6774
A device to make a Rand tablet act like a light pen";
Proceedings of the DECUS Spring 1970 Conference; pp.
249251 (with Malcolm C. Bruce)
[42] Harry Roy Lewis at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
[43] Dreben, Burton; Goldfarb, Warren D. (1979). The deci-
sion problem: solvable classes of quanticational formu-
las. Addison-Wesley.
[44] Lindhorst, Greg; Shahrokhi, Farhad (1989). On renam-
ing a set of clauses as a Horn set. Information Pro-
cessing Letters. 30 (6): 289293. doi:10.1016/0020-
0190(89)90229-9. MR 994523.
[45] Aspvall, Bengt (1980). Recognizing disguised NR(1)
instances of the satisability problem. Journal of
Algorithms. 1 (1): 97103. doi:10.1016/0196-
6774(80)90007-3. MR 578079.
[46] Brger, Egon; Grdel, Erich; Gurevich, Yuri (1997), The
classical decision problem, Perspectives in Mathematical
Logic, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, p. 456, doi:10.1007/978-
3-642-59207-2, ISBN 3-540-57073-X, MR 1482227
[47] Dill, David L. (1990). Timing assumptions and verica-
tion of nite-state concurrent systems. Automatic Ver-
ication Methods for Finite State Systems: International
Workshop, Grenoble, France June 1214, 1989, Proceed-
ings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 407. Springer-
Verlag. pp. 197212. ISBN 3-540-52148-8.
[48] Moore, Cristopher; Mertens, Stephan (2011). 8.10
Symmetric space. The nature of computation. Ox-
ford University Press, Oxford. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/
9780199233212.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-923321-2.
MR 2849868.
[49] Fich, Faith (1996). Infrastructure issues related to the-
ory of computing research. ACM Computing Surveys. 28
(4es): 217. doi:10.1145/242224.242502..
8 10 EXTERNAL LINKS

[50] Our Trustees. Roxburylatin.org. Retrieved 2017-03-21.

[51] Elizabeth Lewis and David Fahrenthold. The New York

Times. August 21, 2005.

[52] Fahrenthold, David A. (May 22, 2000). A Vision of the

Future. The Harvard Crimson.

10 External links
Bits and Pieces Harry Lewiss blog
Blown to Bits Harry Lewiss old blog
 9

11 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

11.1 Text
Harry R. Lewis Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_R._Lewis?oldid=776133624 Contributors: TiMike, David Levy, Rjwilmsi,
The Rambling Man, Wavelength, Chris Capoccia, Marcus Cyron, ERcheck, Racklever, GRuban, RFD, Derek R Bullamore, Khazar, Cy-
debot, Epbr123, Magioladitis, Brandt Luke Zorn, David Eppstein, MartinBot, Johnpacklambert, WaldoChump, Blueclaw, EEng, Mak506,
Legobot, Yobot, Yngvadottir, AnomieBOT, Tryptosh, Matt D Alberti, DrilBot, RjwilmsiBot, EmausBot, Tillander, Makecat-bot, VIAF-
bot, Jochen Burghardt, Me, Myself, and I are Here, Blythwood, KasparBot, Gasarch, Bender the Bot, MPants at work, Leverett83 and
Anonymous: 9

11.2 Images
File:HarryLewis_Harvard_OfficeKnickKnacks.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/HarryLewis_
Harvard_OfficeKnickKnacks.jpg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 Contributors: http://www.thecrimson.com/image/2016/2/18/harry-lewis/ Orig-
inal artist: Cynthia Guo
File:HarryRLewis_Harvard_AppliedSciences11_TeachingFellows_Halloween1982.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/
wikipedia/commons/0/02/HarryRLewis_Harvard_AppliedSciences11_TeachingFellows_Halloween1982.jpg License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Contributors: http://harry-lewis.blogspot.com/2012/10/a-30th-anniversary-family-photo.html Original artist: Harry R. Lewis
File:HarryRLewis_Harvard_ComputerScience20_Feb2012_1.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/
HarryRLewis_Harvard_ComputerScience20_Feb2012_1.jpg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 Contributors: https://www.flickr.com/photos/
grinnell/sets/72157629226702826/ Original artist: Eliza Grinnell
File:HarryRLewis_Harvard_ComputerScience20_Feb2012_2.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/
HarryRLewis_Harvard_ComputerScience20_Feb2012_2.jpg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 Contributors: https://www.flickr.com/photos/
grinnell/sets/72157629226702826/ Original artist: Eliza Grinnell
File:HarryRLewis_Harvard_demonstrating_SHAPESHIFTER_1967or1968.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/
wikipedia/commons/7/74/HarryRLewis_Harvard_demonstrating_SHAPESHIFTER_1967or1968.jpg License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Contributors: http://catchthewave.seas.harvard.edu/ Original artist: Unknown<a href='https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4233718'
title='wikidata:Q4233718'><img alt='wikidata:Q4233718' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/
Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png' width='20' height='11' srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/
Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x' data-le-width='1050' data-le-height='590' /></a>

11.3 Content license

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