The World's Greatest Sculptors

Contents
Ancient Egyptian Sculptors
Greek Sculptors
Roman Sculptors
Byzantine Sculptors
Romanesque Sculptors
Gothic Sculptors
Italian Renaissance Sculptors
Baroque Sculpture
18th Century Rococo/Neoclassical Sculpture
19th Century Sculpture
20th Century Modern Sculptors
20th Century Contemporary Sculptors
Abstract Sculptors
For a guide to plastic art, see: Art of Sculpture.
For origins and evolution, see: History of Sculpture.
For the greatest 3-D artworks, see: Greatest Sculptures Ever.
For the greatest non-figurative 3-D art, see: Abstract Sculpture.
For sculptors in Ireland, see: Irish Sculpture.
TYPES OF SCULPTURE
For bronzes - statues and reliefs,
see: Bronze Sculpture.
For forms of rock carving, see:
Stone Sculpture.
For Pentelic, Carrara, Parian
stone, see: Marble Sculpture.
For sculptures in wood,
see: Wood Carving.
For sculpting in clay, see:
Ceramic Sculpture.
PLASTIC ART APPRECIATION
For two essays on sculpture
appreciation, please see:
How to Appreciate Sculpture
3-D art from Stone Age to 1850.
How to Appreciate Modern Sculpture
19th/20th century (1850-2000).

Ancient Egyptian Sculptors

Despite the innovation and ingenuity of Egyptian sculptors, stone masons and car
vers who established Egyptian Sculpture as early as the late 2nd Dynasty of the
Ancient Kingdom of Egypt, they and their eastern Mediterranean neighbours have r
emained almost completely anonymous.
Ancient Greek Sculptors (c.500-100 BCE)
Read Greek Sculpture Made Simple (650-27) for an easy explanation of the history
and characteristics of plastic art from Ancient Greece, or read our analysis of
famous masterpieces like Laocoon and His Sons (42-20 BCE) and "Venus de Milo" (
c.100 BCE). Amazingly, despite their country's incredible contribution to the ar
t of sculpture, only a handful of Greek sculptors are known to us by name, and n
one of their works survive in the original.
Phidias (c.488-431 BCE)
Greatest Greek sculptor of the High Classical period of ancient Greece.
Myron (Active 480-444 BCE)
Master of life-like figurative sculpture (eg. The Discus-Thrower).
Polykleitos (5th century BCE)
Noted for his gold/ivory Hera statue, and his bronze Kanon of Polykleitos.
Callimachus (Active 432-408 BCE)
Highly innovative 5th-century sculptor and architect.
Skopas (Active 395-350 BCE)
With Praxiteles & Lysippos, one of the three major 4th century sculptors.
Lysippos (c.395-305 BCE)
Official sculptor to Alexander the Great, noted for his lifelike naturalism.
Praxiteles (Active 375-335 BCE)
Renowned for his Aphrodite of Cnidus.
Leochares (Active 340-320 BCE)
Collaborated on the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus with Skopas.
Roman Sculptors (c.200 BCE - c.200 CE)
Despite the influence of the earlier and highly convivial Etruscan sculpture, Ro
man sculpture was unidealized, realistic, and generally mediocre. Only its histo
rical reliefs are regarded as exceptional. The mediocrity of its freestanding st
atues and the like, may account for the fact that almost no sculptors of ancient
Rome are known to us.

Byzantine Sculptors (c.450-1200)

Sculpture in the round was not permitted by the Eastern Orthodox Christian Churc
h based in Constantinople, nor was any form of 3-D representationalism. Thus Byz
antine sculptors were limited to reliefs, executed mainly in stone, ivory or soa
pstone, but unfortunately their individual names are mostly unknown. See also: M
edieval Sculpture.
Romanesque Sculptors (c.800-1100)
Romanesque sculpture describes the 3-D architectural art created in western Euro
pe during roughly the 9th to the 12th century. It was mostly commissioned by mon
asteries or Monastic Orders. Church architects regularly made available two spac
es for Romanesque sculptors: the capitals (tops) of columns, which were commonly
decorated with lively biblical scenes; and the semi-circular area of wall betwe
en the west door of a church and the arch above it (the tympanum), often used to
depict gospel scenes such as the Last Judgement. Restricted by space, Romanesqu
e sculptors tended to make squat, chunky, and angular figures. Significant centr
es for Romanesque sculptors included (in France): Cluny, Autun, Vezelay, Toulous
e and Moissac; (in Italy) Como, Modena, Verona, Ferrara, Parma, Pisa, Lucca and
Apulian cities; (in Spain) Leon, Madrid and Santiago de Compostela. For more det
ails, see: Medieval Art (c.450-1400).
Gislebertus (active 1st half 12th century)
French Romanesque sculptor, noted for works at Cathedral of Saint Lazare.
Master of Cabestany (active 2nd half 12th century)
Anonymous artist noted for Romanesque-style tympanum, at Cabestany.
Master Mateo (active 2nd half 12th century)
Spanish Romanesque sculptor famous for his Portico de la Gloria.
Benedetto Antelami (active 1178-1196)
One of the top Italian sculptors preceding the Gothic Nicola Pisano
Gothic Sculptors (c.1100-1500)
Gothic sculpture, closely associated with gothic religious architectural art, em
erged during the 12th century in the abbeys and cathedrals Northern France. In c
ontrast to the squat Romanesque reliefs and figurative sculpture, Gothic sculptu
res are tall and thin, very much in keeping with the soaring vertical lines of t
he new architecture. Archetypal examples include the biblical kings and queens b
y the triple entrance on the west facade of Chartres Cathedral (1194-1250). Stan
ding on a tiny platform, their bodies are enormously elongated while their faces
are realistic and benign, creating a mood of great calmness. The Abbey of St De
nis, run by Abbot Suger, pioneered Gothic art. In Italy, Gothic sculptural maste
rpieces included the Pisa Baptistery pulpit, the Siena pulpit and the Scaliger T
ombs in Verona.
Between the fall of Rome (c.450 CE) and the mid-13th century (c.1250), there was
virtually no statues made as medieval artists focused on sculpting reliefs. The
n, during the period of the 'Gothic style' sculpted relief figures began to deta
ch themselves from pillars and walls. Examples of this new statuary include the
four figures by the west porch of Reims cathedral, and the unknown emperor or ki
ng on horseback (the Bamberg Rider) set high on a platform against one of the wa
lls of Bamberg cathedral. These figures are the precursors of freestanding Itali
an Renaissance sculpture and its accompanying equestrian statues. North of the A
lps, however, the classical forms of Renaissance sculpture were much less popula
r, and sculptors continued working in a Late Gothic style until the 16th century
.
Nicola Pisano (c.1206-1278)
Born in Apulia, Nicola Pisano heads the tradition of Italian sculpture.
Giovanni Pisano (c.1250-1314)
Architect of Siena cathedral; also created the marble altar at Arezzo.
Arnolfo di Cambio (c.1240 1310)
Master of Gothic-style tomb sculpture and funerary art.
Lorenzo Maitani (c.1255-1330)
Italian architect/sculptor responsible for the facade of Orvieto Cathedral.
Giovanni di Balduccio (c.1290 1339)
Medieval artist noted for the Shrine of St Peter Martyr at S. Eustorgio, Milan.
Andrea Pisano (1295-1348)
Trained as goldsmith, created first bronze doors for the Florentine baptistery.
Filippo Calendario (before 1315-1355)
Sculptor & architect of the 14th century Doge's Venetian Palace.
Andre Beauneveu (c.1335-1400)
Netherlandish sculptor for the French King Charles V, and Duke Jean de Berry.
Claus Sluter (c.1340-1406)
Flemish artist, leader of the Dijon school, pioneer of "northern realism".

Renaissance Sculptors (c.1400-1600)

Italian Renaissance Sculpture was marked by a return to classical models, notabl
y the male nude, and a wide range of individual and equestrian statuary. Much of
this sculpture in the round was designed as public art to be located in specifi
c public places. This period witnessed the emergence of genius Renaissance sculp
tors such as Donatello, Michelangelo, and the Mannerist artist Giambologna, and
its monuments can be found in Florence, Rome, Venice and most of the churches an
d cities of Northern Italy.
Jacopo della Quercia (c.1374-1438)
Greatest sculptor from Siena; influenced Michelangelo.
Nanni di Banco (1375-1421)
With Brunelleschi, Ghiberti, Donatello, a key figure in Florentine Renaissance.
Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446)
Architect, engineer, sculptor; designed Dome of Florence Cathedral.
Lorenzo Ghiberti (1378-1455)
Florentine sculptor, International Gothic style; noted for Gates of Paradise.
Donatello (Donato di Niccolo) (1386-1466)
Greatest European sculptor of the 15th century (quattrocento).
Luca Della Robbia (1400-1482)
Great carver in stone noted for Singing Gallery and Benozzo Federighi tomb.
Antonio Rossellino (1427-1479)
Known for the tomb of Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal in Florence.
Antonio Pollaiuolo (1432-98)
Florentine goldsmith & artist popular with the circle of Lorenzo de' Medici.
Andrea Della Robbia (1435-1525)
Master of ceramic terracotta sculpture.
Niccolo Dell'Arca (1435-94)
Expressionist religious sculptor noted for his terracotta statues.
Andrea del Verrocchio (1435-1488)
Italian goldsmith, sculptor and painter. Leonardo da Vinci was a pupil.
Guido Mazzoni (1450-1518)
Terracotta sculptor, active in Modena, Naples and France.
Michelangelo (1475-1564)
Greatest sculptor of all time, masterpieces include Pieta and David.
Alonso Berruguete (c.1486-1561)
Greatest Spanish Mannerist sculptor.
Jacopo Sansovino (1486-1570)
Florence-born High Renaissance sculptor, active in Venetian architecture.
Baccio Bandinelli (1493-1560)
Stunning terracotta statuettes; failed at larger works to rival Michelangelo.
Benvenuto Cellini (1500-1571)
Goldsmith, medallionist & sculptor to Pope Clement VII and Francis I.
Francesco Primaticcio (1504-1570)
Sculptor, architect, head of the First School of Fontainebleau.
Juan de Juni (1507-1577)
French artist active in Spain; ranked alongside Alonso Berruguete.
Germain Pilon (1529-1590)
Most powerful and innovative French sculptor of the 16th century.
Giambologna (Giovanni Bologna/Jean Boulogne) (1529-1608)
Greatest sculptor of the age of Mannerism.
Jean Goujon (Active 1540-1563)
French Mannerist sculptor noted for decorations on Fountain of the Innocents.
Barthelemy Prieur (1536-1611)
French artist, sculptor to King Henry IV of France.
Adriaen de Vries (1560-1626)
Mannerist Dutch artist, pupil of Giambologna, master of bronze sculpture.
Stefano Maderno (1576-1636)
Roman sculptor, noted for his marble statue of St Cecilia in Trastevere.
Northern Renaissance Sculptors
Hans Multscher (c.1400-1467)
German sculptor noted for his realism, especially in drapery.
Michel Colombe (c.1430-1512)
Gothic/Renaissance sculptor, noted for the tomb of Francis II of Brittany.
Michael Pacher (1435-98)
Best known for his immortal St Wolfgang Altarpiece (1471-81) on the Abersee.
Veit Stoss (c.1447-1533)
Late Gothic German wood-carver.
Adam Kraft (c.1455-1509)
Late Gothic Nuremberg stone sculptor, noted for tabernacle in Saint Lorenz.
Tilman Riemenschneider (c.1460-1531)
The greatest Late Gothic German wood-carver.
Gregor Erhart (c.1460-1540)
Late Gothic German sculptor in wood/stone, noted for Blaubeuren Altarpiece.
Baroque Sculptors (c.1600-1700)
Baroque Sculpture was part of the general 17th century Baroque movement of art a
nd architecture, which grew out of the religious political situation of the prev
ious century, triggered by Luther's Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Coun
ter-Reformation. The dramatic, theatrical, Baroque style was well suited to scul
pture, in which Bernini was the outstanding exponent, although Baroque religious
sculpture was confined to Catholic areas, as Protestantism turned its back on g
randiose religious art. However, statues of secular rulers and nobility became p
opular throughout Europe. For more, see: Baroque Sculptors.
Juan Martinez Montanes (c.1568-1649)
Greatest Spanish sculptor of the 17th century, religious wood-carvings.
Francesco Mochi (1580-1654)
First Baroque sculptor; the sculptural equal of Caravaggio and Carracci.
Jorg Zurn (1583-1638)
Famous for the huge High Altar of the Virgin Mary (1613-16), at Uberlingen.
Francois Duquesnoy (1597-1643)
Flemish artist; with Algardi one of the top sculptors in Rome after Bernini.
Alessandro Algardi (1598-1654)
Bernini's great rival. Master of marble, ivory and gold sculpture.
Bernini (1598-1680)
Acclaimed as the greatest of all Baroque sculptors. Worked for 8 popes. Noted fo
r his Ecstasy of Saint Teresa (1647-52) in the Cornaro Chapel, Rome.
Alonso Cano (1601-1667)
Spanish sculptor, painter, architect; "the Spanish Michelangelo".
Pierre Puget (1622-1694)
The greatest French sculptor of the 17th century.
Gaspard and Balthazar Marsy (1624-1681)
French sculptors employed by King Louis XIV, at Versailles Palace.
Pedro Roldan (1624-1699)
Spanish artist, master of polychrome woodcarving.
Pedro de Mena (1628-1688)
Spanish Baroque scultor famous for unrivalled technical skill.
Francois Girardon (1628-1715)
The most classical of sculptors working at Versailles for Louis XIV.
Melchiore Caffa (1638-1667)
Maltese artist known for his Ecstasy of St Catherine of Siena.
Antoine Coysevox (1640-1720)
French sculptor, noted for his portrait busts of Louis XIV and Charles Lebrun.
Grinling Gibbons (1648-1721)
England's greatest ever wood carver in limewood.
Balthasar Permoser (1651-1732)
Leading Dresden sculptor, carved in wood, ivory, stone, coloured marble.
Guillaume Coustou (1677-1746)
French sculptor noted for Horse Restrained by a Groom (The Marly Horse).
Andreas Schluter (1664-1714)
German baroque artist/architect associated with Petrine Baroque style.

18th Century Sculptors: Rococo and Neoclassical Styles

Rococo (flourished c.1715-50) was centred on France in the wake of the death of
Louis XIV and the ensuing preeminence of Paris, whose new town houses benefited
from the pretty curvaceous shapes of Rococo interior design. Rococo sculpture wa
s best suited to smaller works, notably in porcelain: its larger forms being con
fined mainly to the Catholic south of Germany, and Austria.
A serious form of art based on antique models, Neoclassical sculpture (flourishe
d c.1790-1830) was a reaction against both the melodramatic Baroque and whimsica
l Rococo styles, and a reflection of the growing scientific (viz. archeological)
interest in classical antiquity. Promoted by the great German art historian, Jo
hann Joachim Winckelmann (1717-68), it attached particular importance to Greek-s
tyle forms, whose style was academic, noble and restrained. See also: Neoclassic
al Sculptors.
Note: There are no absolute defining lines between Baroque and Neoclassicism. Se
veral sculptors (eg. Pigalle) produced works which could fit either category. Si
milarly, the difference between Romanticism and Neoclassicism is equally fuzzy.
Nor is the chronology helpful, with Baroque-style sculpture overlapping with neo
classical art during the 18th century. The confusion is at its greatest with Fre
nch sculptors of the 18th and early-19th century.
Louis-Francois Roubiliac (1695-1762)
Famous for his seated marble statue of Handel.
Jean-Baptiste Pigalle (1714-1785)
Noted for his nude figure of Voltaire and the tomb of Maurice of Saxony.
Etienne Maurice Falconet (1716-1791)
The most Rococo of all 18th century French sculptors.
Jean-Jacques Caffieri (1725-1792)
Sculptor to Louis XV, noted for his portrait busts, in terracotta or marble.
Augustin Pajou (Paris, 1730-1809)
Best known for his portraits, and sculpture in Opera House at Versailles.
Franz Xaver Messerschmidt (1736-1783)
Austrian sculptor famous for his caricature busts.
Joseph Nollekens (1737-1823)
Neoclassical artist; finest British sculptor of the late 18th century.
Claude Michel, called Clodion (1738-1814)
French sculptor in the Rococo style.
Jean Antoine Houdon (1741-1828)
Neoclassical French sculptor noted for his portraits.
Franz Anton von Zauner (1746-1822)
Austrian sculptor noted for bronze Equestrian Statue of Joseph the Second.
John Flaxman (1755-1826)
Outstanding English Neoclassical sculptor.
Antonio Canova (1757-1822)
The greatest Neoclassical sculptor; huge influence on contemporaries. Noted for
Apollo Crowning Himself (1781, J Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles)
Johann Gottfried Schadow (1764-1850)
German Neoclassical sculptor, graphic artist; head of Berlin Academy.
Bertel Thorvaldsen (1770-1884)
The most famous Neoclassical sculptor after Canova.
19th Century Sculptors
The 19th century was rather a watershed for sculpture. Neoclassicism was still a
ctive in America, but generally speaking, European sculptors experienced a serio
us downturn in religious sculpture, and were largely occupied with historical mo
numents to secular figures like Kings and military leaders. It wasn't until the
first decades of the 20th century that new forms and ideas began to emerge. Augu
ste Rodin was a notable exception from this era. For more, see: 19th Century Scu
lptors.
Horatio Greenough (1805-1852)
American sculptor, known for his colossal statue of George Washington.
Honore Daumier (1808-1879)
French caricaturist, printer and terracotta modeller.
Auguste Preault (1809-1879)
Ornamental carver, leading French sculptor of the Romantic movement.
Alfred Stevens (1817-75)
Outstanding Victorian painter and sculptor.
George Frederick Watts (1817-1904)
Highly revered English portraitist and sculptor of the late 19th century.
Jean-Joseph Perraud (1819-76)
French academic sculptor during the Second Empire.
Pierre-Louis Rouillard (1820-81)
French 3-D artist famous for his bronze Horse with a Harrow.
Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux (1827-1875)
Noted for his masterpiece Ugolino and his Sons and The Dance.
Charles Henri Joseph Cordier (1827-1905)
Powerful ethnographic sculptor at the Natural History Museum Paris.
Frederic Leighton (1830 1896)
Neoclassical Victorian painter and sculptor, President of the Royal Academy.
Jean-Alexandre-Joseph Falguiere (1831-1900)
Noted for his marble sculpture Tarcisus the Christian Boy-Martyr.
Constantin Meunier (1831-1905)
Belgian sculptor noted for his portrayal of coal miners.
Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi (1834-1904)
French sculptor who created the iconic Statue of Liberty.
Edgar Degas (1834-1917)
Painter & sculptor noted for his bronze Little Dancer Aged Fourteen.
Auguste Rodin (1840-1917)
Greatest sculptor of the 19th century.
Marius Jean Antonin Merci (1845-1916)
Professor of Drawing and Sculpture at the Ecole des Beaux Arts.
Auguste Saint-Gaudens (1848-1907)
American sculptor noted for works like his bronze relief Amor Caritas.
Daniel Chester French (1850-1931)
American monumental sculptor noted for the Lincoln Memorial sculpture.
George Minne (1866-1941)
Belgian sculptor with a naturalist, highly expressive style.

Modern Sculptors: 20th Century

The early years of the 20th century witnessed a revolution in sculpture, thanks
to pioneer 20th century sculptors like Brancusi, Picasso, Boccioni and Naum Gabo
, and new modernist movements like Cubism, Dada and Surrealism. Abstract forms w
ere fully explored, new materials including "found" objects were used for the fi
rst time.
Aristide Maillol (1861-1944)
Sculptor/painter noted for his female nudes like The Mediterranean.
Henri Matisse (1869-1954)
Painter/sculptor noted for his Fauvist sculptures, gouache collages.
Ernst Barlach (1870-1938)
German sculptor, wood carver, noted for his expressionist figures.
Raymond Duchamp-Villon (1876-1918)
Futurist/Cubist sculptor noted for Horse (1914), later cast in bronze.
Constantin Brancusi (1876-1957)
Romanian virtuoso, arguably the first sculptor of the modern era.
James Earle Fraser (1876-1953)
American sculptor noted for statues of Native Americans and historical figures.
Anna Hyatt Huntington (1876-1973)
American artist noted for her equestrian sculpture and animal statues.
Jacob Epstein (1880 1959)
Noted for his innovative Rock Drill (1913) and the Tomb of Oscar Wilde.
Wilhelm Lehmbruck (1881-1919)
Expressionist sculptor noted for his emotional Gothic-style statues.
Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)
Spanish painter & sculptor; African sculpture inspired his Cubism.
Umberto Boccioni (1882-1916)
Italian Painter & sculptor in semi-abstract Futurist style.
Jean Arp (1886-1966)
French Dadaist, Surrealist, organic abstraction sculptor, painter, collage artis
t.
Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968)
Conceptual artist, painter, sculptor noted for his "ready-mades".
Alexander Archipenko (1887-1964)
Russian sculptor, noted for Cubist works and use of "negative space".
Ossip Zadkine (1890-1967)
Russian sculptor, lithographer, known for his masterpiece The Destroyed City.
Naum Gabo (1890-1977)
Leading figure in Russian sculpture, noted for his constructivist/kinetic art.
Henri Gaudier-Brzeska (1891-1915)
Avant-garde French sculptor and draughtsman, active in London.
Jacques Lipchitz (1891-1973)
Lithuanian-born Jewish Cubist sculptor; painted by Modigliani in Paris.
Joan Miro (1893-1983)
Spanish artist took up sculpture 1944 (terracottas, ceramics, large bronzes).
Alexander Calder (1898-1976)
Inventor of moving (kinetic) sculpture, notably his mobiles and stabiles.
Henry Moore (1898-1986)
Noted for his reclining nudes & organic forms in wood, bronze & stone.
Louise Nevelson (1899-1988)
Noted for her assemblage art of abstract monochrome wooden shapes.
Alberto Giacometti (1901-1966)
Known for his elongated, emaciated figures of existential art.
Marino Marini (1901-80)
Italian artist, noted for his series of stylised equestrian statues.
Jean Dubuffet (1901-1985)
Painter & sculptor best known for his vinyl-painted polystyrene sculpture.
Barbara Hepworth (1903-1975)
British abstract sculptress, of St Ives School: noted for Pierced Form (1931).
David Smith (1906-1965)
American abstract sculptor of the mid-20th century.
Tony Smith (1912-81)
American abstract sculptor, known for steel cubes like Die (1962, MoMA NY).
Meret Oppenheim (1913-85)
Sculptor, painter, noted for her Surrealist sculptural work Furry Breakfast.
20th Century: Contemporary Sculptors
Replacing modernism with postmodernist art, contemporary sculpture has greatly e
xtended the notion of three-dimensional art. "Found" objects continue to be used
widely as well as a whole new range of materials (from foam-rubber to concrete)
; new 3-D art forms have appeared, like installation art and assemblage; pure ab
straction is arguably being superceded by conceptualism (the point behind the ar
twork), while the idea of representationalism has been extended by new forms of
super-realism. Traditional types of classical realism seem to be out of favour,
at least artistically, although the value of postmodernist art has recently take
n a severe battering, thus raising the possibility of a return to more tradition
al practices. On balance, however, one feels that contemporary materials and met
hods in sculpture are here to stay, and that classical realism has lost its appe
al. (See also: American Sculptors.)
Louise Bourgeois (1911-2010)
Long-lived French artist noted for her monumental 'spider' sculptures.
Joseph Beuys (1921-86)
Avant-garde assemblage artist, Professor of Sculpture.
Cesar Baldaccini (1921-1998)
Gained international notoriety with sculptures made from crushed cars.
Eduardo Paolozzi (1924-2005)
Highly innovative Italian-born sculptor, ceramicist, mosaic designer.
Sir Anthony Caro (1924-2013)
Influential British artist, known for abstract sculptures in welded metal.
Jean Tinguely (1925-1991)
Swiss sculptor, experimental artist, noted for Homage to New York.
Duane Hanson (1925-96)
Famous for Super-realism life-size sculptures of people in everyday life.
Robert Rauschenberg (1925-2008)
Noted for his "Combines", collages and assemblages, as well as paintings.
Arman (Armand Fernandez) (1928-2005)
French sculptor known for his "accumulations" and recomposition of objects.
Donald Judd (1928-94)
American minimalist abstract sculptor.
Sol LeWitt (1928-2007)
American sculptor famous for his minimalist, geometric structures.
Claes Oldenburg (b.1929)
Swedish artist, noted for his Pop art sculptures of everyday objects.
Jasper Johns (b.1930)
American painter, sculptor, printmaker, pioneer of early Pop art.
Niki de Saint-Phalle (1930-2002)
French-born painter/sculptor best known for her 1960s "shot-reliefs".
Fernando Botero (b.1932)
Columbian painter/sculptor famous for his hallmark obese figures.
Mark Di Suvero (b.1933)
American artist, noted for his large scale iron/steel public sculpture.
Carl Andre (b.1935)
Minimalist sculptor noted for his geometric arrangements of identical objects.
Eva Hesse (1936-70)
Post-minimalist artist who used latex, plastics and fiberglass.
Richard Serra (b.1939)
American minimalist sculptor best known for his public steel sculptures.
Bruce Naumann (b.1941)
Versatile contemporary artist/sculptor noted for his neon sculptures.
John De Andrea (b.1941)
American figurative sculptor noted for his hyper-realist nudes.
Antony Gormley (b.1950)
British sculptor Turner Prize winner 1994, noted for Angel of the North.
Anish Kapoor (b.1954)
British abstract sculptor, Turner Prize winner 1991.
Jeff Koons (b.1955)
American sculptor, conceptual artist; famous for his Neo-Pop artworks.
Damien Hirst (b.1965)
Postmodernist sculptor, installation artist, Britart leader of YB