Introduction:

The bridges are very important ways to link and connect between
far places and ease the operating of transport among mountains,
.valleys, rivers and lakes

The human was needed to develop new ways for building bridges to
.make it strong and sufficient to transport without dangerous

Day by day, there were new types of bridges were invented and
developed to ease and make the long distance short.(U ALREADY
SAID THIS,too much out of topic)

Truss bridge is one of the common kinds of bridges around the world
because it has simple designs and also more toughness and
stability. In addition to the modernity is given more interested and
.important to (truss bridge)

Truss bridge was appeared between 19th century and 20th century
.that's mean it was modern way in the bridges building

Truss is complicated framework that connected together at the ends

.of elements to make strong structure with more toughness

!!? Usually, the truss bridges can be WHAT

In this experiment, our group made a truss bridge by using simple

equipment to get a strong structure that has toughness and
.capability to do what ?! and ( stability) from collapsing and falling

We used only the thread and Popsicle(do u know what this word
means ?) sticks to make the bridge according to the ordered
.measurements

The aim of this experiment is to get high toughness and flexibility at

the same time to the bridge in order to take great load without
.failure(failing)

At the end, the winner bridge which it can take more load
.than other bridges(at the end of what)

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Some types of truss bridges (put the pic after the text related to it
which is in the middle of into ( and put names (figure 1 )

Some parts of truss bridge(name (figure 2 )!!!!!!

Objectives:

The objectives of this experiment were:

1- To analyze a simple structure using the free body diagram.

2- To relate between the theorical calculations and the real load
that their truss can support

Specimens and Equipment:

1- Popsicle(what does this word means ) sticks

2- Thread
3- Weight

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Procedures:

1- The design specifications given were understood

2- Three or more truss designs were drawn for initial
consideration.
3- One of truss designs was picked and evaluated.
4- A prototype was built by using popsicle ( )sticks and thread.
5- Appropriate truss analysis was carried out
6- Testing and competition
7- A technical report was written ( y u forgot the presentation ?)

Discussion:

Q1)

We chose this truss design after long process of thinking and

planning.(what is the name of the English teacher who told u to start
a new line after a full stop ? )

The information in our bridge was more precise to make the project
more challenging to us.

First of all, the allowed subjects to make truss bridge were sticks and
tread only. So we excluded the glue and tape because they were
forbidden.

When we drew the designs we considered about the length and

width. The maximum length of the bridge was around(it is not
around , we were given a specific info ) 20 inch and 30 inch
and( there was no mention) about the maximum width.( the max
width wasnt mentioned )

After long discussion we put 52 cm as length of our bridge it is short

and sufficient to take more load without exceeding the rules (52 cm
= 20 inch approximately).

The width was being able to 20 cm but it was too much to make
more components between the sides of bridge. The one component
was group of sticks were cut to 10 cm (because the maximum
length of individual sticks was 10 cm) and compiled together by
using tight knots. So, the suitable width for our bridge was 10 cm.
(what u r trying to say is good but rephrase it )

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After that (all these) measurements, we were thought about the
direction of truss is it diagonal or vertical.

The vertical direction in the middle truss will give more support and
force to the (roof and ground) not sure about the vocab. On the
contrary, the diagonal direction gives the support and force to the
angles only with more beautiful view than vertical.

Finally, we decided to put 4 vertical trusses in the right side of the

bridge and 4 in the other side to get more toughness to our bridge.

Last step was filling the ground with treads as artistic view for
bridge.(to present the road in the real bridge )

Q2)

(Q3

To get performance score we should use this rule: (the name of the
role )

(maximum weight held )/

M
M (truss weight) = S (truss performance)

The maximum weight held = 10 kg (1000g)

The truss weight = 300 g (.3 kg)

1000
300 = S

S = 3.33 kg

Q4)

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Q5)

The application of truss from this experiment is the component

connections are critical to the structural integrity of a framing
system.

In buildings with large, clear span wood trusses, the most critical
connections are those between the truss and its supports.

In addition to gravity-induced forces, these connections must resist

shear forces acting perpendicular to the plane of the truss and uplift
forces due to wind.

Overall building design, the connections may also be required to

transfer bending moment .There is a way to improve our trusses.
We make sure our connections are not fail prematurely.

The connection where the main cable ties meet the top cord of the
bridge at the two bridge ends is the most important connection on
the structure. Then we also put more triangular section to increase
the structure durability and strength

Conclusion:

Overall, the purpose of this experiment was to show the maximum

.load that put on the bridge without fallen or collapsing

In the best truss bridge the load will be distributed in all bridge thus
the load will not be focused and pointed in one side whatever was
the magnitude of this load. Also there are supporter forces from the
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 twin sides to be opposition force against load to keep stability and
.balance

This bridge was built by simple specimens and equipment such as

(Popsicle sticks and thread). The stick was the main subject and only
used in this truss without using any other metals or glue. The thread
took important place in the linking and connecting between joints
.and members and bars

The whole structure was connected with some joints and

complicated knots thus provide the truss with stability and
.toughness

The weight of bridge was 300i damn posted that its 270 g (0.3kg)
and the total length of truss was 52cm. The bridge was not very
height( because the height of bridge was 11.5 cm (including the
bases).) 11.5 cm only , that was to establish the demanded
. satiability for our bridge and the pursue it was built for

.Our bridge is very useful for rivers and flat places

Appendix or attachments ( follow the word we used in the old

reports )

Multi-view pictures of our bridge are provided ( again name the

pictures ) ( Teena bridge side view ) ( teena bridge front view )

Also make sure that u followed the lab format of the paper arranging
(and answer the other Qs and print it out with the cover written on it
the correct date and group no and report name )

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